A laser cutting device suitable for stainless steel plate

Abstract

The application discloses a laser cutting equipment suitable for stainless steel plates and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, which comprises a laser head and a three-dimensional driving system for controlling the displacement of the laser head, the three-dimensional driving system is connected to the laser head through a laser rod, one end of the laser rod close to the laser head is provided with a front end ring plate, and an upper damping piece is arranged on the front end ring plate; a magnetic bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the laser head, and a plurality of lower damping pieces are arranged on the magnetic bottom plate; the lower damping piece comprises a base, a supporting rod, a lower hinged seat, a spring damper and an upper hinged seat, the base is magnetically connected with the magnetic bottom plate, a threaded hole is formed in the base, the axial direction of the threaded hole is along the vertical direction, the lower end of the supporting rod is threadedly connected with the threaded hole, and the upper end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the lower hinged seat. The application can effectively inhibit the vibration of the steel plate caused by high-pressure gas blowing during the laser cutting process, so as to improve the cutting precision and the cross section quality of the stainless steel plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology, and specifically relates to a laser cutting device adapted to stainless steel sheets. Background Technology

[0002] Since its inception, laser cutting technology has been widely applied in numerous fields such as machinery manufacturing, automotive industry, aerospace, shipbuilding, and sheet metal processing, becoming an indispensable and efficient material processing method. Its basic principle is to use a focused, high-power-density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece, causing the irradiated material to rapidly melt, vaporize, or reach its ignition point. The molten material is then removed by a high-speed auxiliary gas coaxial with the laser beam, thus achieving material separation. During laser cutting, the auxiliary gas plays a crucial role in removing slag and cooling the processing area. For cutting materials such as stainless steel, a high nitrogen pressure is typically maintained to ensure cut quality and prevent oxidation. When this high-pressure gas is injected at high speed into the molten zone, its impact force directly acts on the thin sheet workpiece, inducing localized vibrations in the steel plate. This vibration effect is particularly pronounced for thinner stainless steel sheets, causing minute but continuous fluctuations in the relative position between the laser focus and the workpiece surface, directly affecting the consistency and perpendicularity of the cut width. Meanwhile, steel plate vibration can also interfere with the stable discharge of molten metal, deteriorate the flow state at the cutting edge, and may form irregular patterns on the cutting surface, increase surface roughness, and in severe cases even produce defects such as slag or incomplete cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting device adapted to stainless steel sheets, which can effectively suppress the vibration of the steel sheet caused by high-pressure gas blowing during the laser cutting process, so as to improve the cutting accuracy and cross-sectional quality of stainless steel sheets.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention discloses a laser cutting device adapted for stainless steel sheets, including a laser head and a three-dimensional drive system for controlling the displacement of the laser head. The three-dimensional drive system is connected to the laser head via a laser rod. A front end ring plate is installed at the end of the laser rod near the laser head, and an upper shock absorber is installed on the front end ring plate. A magnetic base plate is installed on the lower side of the laser head, and multiple lower shock absorbers are installed on the magnetic base plate. The lower shock absorber includes a base, a support rod, a lower hinge seat, a spring damper, and an upper hinge seat. The base is magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate. A threaded hole is opened on the base, and the axis of the threaded hole is along the vertical direction. The lower end of the support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the lower hinge seat. The upper end of the lower hinge seat is connected to the upper hinge seat via a spring damper. The upper end of the upper hinge seat forms a support surface for supporting the stainless steel sheet.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple bottom beams are evenly spaced along the transverse direction on the magnetic base plate. The bottom beams are magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate. The bottom beams extend longitudinally. Multiple transverse baffles are evenly spaced along the longitudinal direction on the upper side of the bottom beams. The transverse baffles extend laterally. Guide components are connected to both ends of the transverse baffles. A longitudinal telescopic plate is installed between two adjacent transverse baffles. Multiple longitudinal telescopic plates form a group. The same group of longitudinal telescopic plates is connected to a corresponding bottom beam. The transverse baffles and longitudinal telescopic plates can be combined to form a protective cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the longitudinal telescopic plate includes a fixed plate, a movable plate, and a support spring. The lower end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the bottom beam. One side of the fixed plate is adjacent to one of the transverse baffles. A groove is provided on the other side of the fixed plate, and the movable plate is slidably arranged in the groove. The movable plate is connected to the fixed plate through the support spring. Under the support of the support spring, the movable plate abuts against another transverse baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide assembly includes a guide rod and a support. Guide holes are provided at both ends of the transverse baffle. The guide rod is slidably disposed in the guide holes along the longitudinal direction. The guide rod is connected to the transverse baffle by a locking device. Supports are connected to both ends of the guide rod and the supports are connected to the magnetic base plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a rear ring plate is installed on the laser rod at the end away from the laser head, and a hydraulic telescopic device is installed on the rear ring plate. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic device is connected to the front ring plate, and the output direction of the hydraulic telescopic device is parallel to the axis of the laser rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a first sleeve is fixed to the center of the front ring plate via a first support plate. The first sleeve is slidably fitted onto the outside of the laser rod. A second sleeve is fixed to the center of the rear ring plate via a second support plate. The second sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outside of the laser rod. A gear ring is provided on the outside of the second sleeve. The gear ring meshes with a gear. The gear is connected to a motor, and the motor is mounted on the laser rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper damping component includes a disturbance seat, a disturbance rod, a pin, and a tension damper. The disturbance seat is fixed to the front end of the front ring plate. The disturbance seat is hinged to the middle of the disturbance rod via the pin. The front end of the disturbance rod extends outward, and the rear end of the disturbance rod is connected to the front ring plate via the tension damper.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0013] This invention discloses a laser cutting device adapted to stainless steel plates. By setting upper and lower shock absorbers on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel plate, the two can form a two-way floating support system with upper pressure and lower support, which is used to dampen the vibration of the stainless steel plate on both sides. This can effectively suppress the vibration of the steel plate caused by high-pressure gas blowing during laser cutting, thereby improving the cutting accuracy and cross-sectional quality of the stainless steel plate. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic base plate.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the lower shock absorber of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head structure;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal telescopic plate.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a spring damper.

[0022] The following components are labeled in the attached diagram: 1. Laser head; 2. 3D drive system; 3. Laser rod; 4. Front ring plate; 5. Upper shock absorber; 6. Magnetic base plate; 7. Lower shock absorber; 8. Base; 9. Support rod; 10. Lower hinge seat; 11. Spring damper; 12. Upper hinge seat; 13. Bottom beam; 14. Transverse baffle; 15. Longitudinal telescopic plate; 16. Protective cavity; 17. Fixed plate; 18. Movable plate; 19. Support spring; 20. Slide groove; 21. Guide rod; 22. Support; 23. Drill hole; 24. Locking component; 25. Rear ring plate; 26. Hydraulic telescopic device; 27. First support plate; 28. First sleeve; 29. ​​Second support plate; 30. Second sleeve; 31. Gear ring; 32. Gear; 33. Motor; 34. Disturbance seat; 35. Disturbance rod; 36. Pin; 37. Tension damper. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1-7As shown, this invention discloses a laser cutting device adapted for stainless steel sheets, including a laser head 1 and a three-dimensional drive system 2 for controlling the displacement of the laser head 1. The three-dimensional drive system 2 adopts an existing structure and can drive the laser head to move along the XYZ axes, enabling the laser head to reach any three-dimensional coordinate point in the workspace and move along a preset straight line, arc, curve, or spatial irregular trajectory. The three-dimensional drive system 2 is connected to the laser head 1 through a laser rod 3. The axis of the laser rod 3 is parallel to the vertical direction. During welding, the laser head 1 is directly facing the stainless steel sheet. A front end ring plate 4 is installed on the laser rod 3 near the laser head 1. An upper shock absorber 5 is installed on the front end ring plate 4. In use, the upper shock absorber 5 contacts the upper surface of the stainless steel plate to dampen the upper side of the stainless steel plate. A magnetic base plate 6 is installed on the lower side of the laser head 1. Multiple lower shock absorbers 7 are installed on the magnetic base plate 6 to dampen the lower side of the stainless steel plate. The upper shock absorber 5 on the front end ring plate 4 and the lower shock absorber 7 on the magnetic base plate 6 constitute a two-way floating support system with upper pressure and lower support, which is significantly different from the traditional single-sided pressing method and has a better shock absorption effect.

[0024] The lower damping component 7 includes a base 8, a support rod 9, a lower hinge seat 10, a spring damper 11, and an upper hinge seat 12. The base 8 is magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate 6. A threaded hole is provided on the base 8, with the axis of the threaded hole running vertically. The lower end of the support rod 9 is threaded into the threaded hole. By rotating the support rod 9, the height between the base 8 and the lower hinge seat 10 can be changed to accommodate different support points. The upper end of the support rod 9 is fixedly connected to the lower hinge seat 10. The upper end of the lower hinge seat 10 is connected to the upper hinge seat 12 via the spring damper 11. The upper end of the upper hinge seat 12 forms a support surface for supporting the stainless steel sheet. The magnetic connection structure between the base 8 and the magnetic base plate 6 in the lower damping component 7 allows the operator to adjust the horizontal position of the damping point arbitrarily within the plane of the base plate according to the actual contour and cutting path of the sheet material, without the need for additional clamps or bolts, greatly improving the flexibility and efficiency of on-site setup.

[0025] The spring damper 11 of this invention is connected in series between the lower hinge seat 10 and the upper hinge seat 12. When laser cutting generates high-frequency impact or the plate undergoes transient thermal expansion due to heat input, the damper can simultaneously absorb vertical vibration energy and suppress rebound impact. Combined with the pre-pressure of the upper damping component 5, the plate is always in a controlled flexible clamping state near the cutting point. It will not generate thermal stress cracks due to rigid fixation, nor will it cause vibration due to insufficient support, resulting in a rough cut surface.

[0026] In this embodiment, multiple bottom beams 13 are evenly spaced along the transverse direction on the magnetic base plate 6. The bottom beams 13 are magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate 6. The bottom beams 13 extend longitudinally. Multiple transverse baffles 14 are evenly spaced along the longitudinal direction on the upper side of the bottom beams 13. The transverse baffles 14 extend laterally, and guide components are connected to both ends of the transverse baffles 14. A longitudinal telescopic plate 15 is installed between two adjacent transverse baffles 14. Multiple longitudinal telescopic plates 15 form a group. The same group of longitudinal telescopic plates 15 is connected to a corresponding bottom beam 13. The transverse baffles 14 and the longitudinal telescopic plates 15 can be combined to form a protective cavity 16. The protective cavity 16 is used to protect the welding position. In use, the lower shock absorber 7 can be placed outside the protective cavity 16 to prevent welding slag from splashing and causing contamination, effectively improving the life of the device. The lower damping component 7 is explicitly positioned outside the protective cavity 16, meaning that vulnerable parts such as the precision threaded joints, hinge joints, and damper piston rods of the damping element are completely protected from direct contact with high-temperature molten metal particles. Simultaneously, the protective cavity 16 does not interfere with the damping component's support of the lower surface of the plate. This invention can change the size of the protective cavity 16 by altering the relative positions of the baffles to meet actual welding needs. Specifically, the position of the bottom beam 13 can be moved laterally to change the relative position of the longitudinal telescopic plates 15, thereby changing the lateral width of the protective cavity 16. When the longitudinal width of the protective cavity 16 needs to be changed, the positions of two adjacent lateral baffles 14 can be moved.

[0027] In this embodiment, the longitudinal telescopic plate 15 includes a fixed plate 17, a movable plate 18, and a support spring 19. The lower end of the fixed plate 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom beam 13. One side of the fixed plate 17 is adjacent to one of the transverse baffles 14, and the other side of the fixed plate 17 has a groove 20. The movable plate 18 is slidably disposed in the groove 20. The movable plate 18 is connected to the fixed plate 17 through the support spring 19. Under the support of the support spring 19, the movable plate 18 abuts against the other transverse baffle 14, which can be easily adjusted. When the operator pulls open the two adjacent transverse baffles 14 longitudinally to increase the longitudinal width of the protective cavity 16, the movable plate 18 will automatically extend out of the groove 20 and always maintain a tight abutment with the far transverse baffle 14 without manual pulling or locking. Conversely, when the protective cavity 16 is narrowed longitudinally, the movable plate 18 compresses the support spring 19 and retracts into the groove 20, without causing material accumulation or interference. This adaptability makes the longitudinal dimension adjustment of the protective cavity 16 both fast and reliable, especially suitable for scenarios where multiple parts of different sizes are distributed on the same stainless steel plate.

[0028] In this embodiment, the guide assembly includes a guide rod 21 and a support 22. Guide holes are provided at both ends of the transverse baffle 14. The guide rod 21 is slidably disposed in the guide holes along the longitudinal direction. The guide rod 21 is connected to the transverse baffle 14 by a locking member 24. The two ends of the guide rod 21 are connected to the support 22, which is connected to the magnetic base plate 6. By setting the guide rod 21, the relative position of the transverse baffle 14 in the longitudinal direction can be easily adjusted, making it more stable when moving.

[0029] In this embodiment, a rear ring plate 25 is installed on the end of the laser rod 3 away from the laser head 1. A hydraulic telescopic device 26 is installed on the rear ring plate 25. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic device 26 is connected to the front ring plate 4. The output direction of the hydraulic telescopic device 26 is parallel to the axis of the laser rod 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the center of the front ring plate 4 is fixed with a first sleeve 28 by a first support plate 27. The first sleeve 28 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the laser rod 3. The center of the rear ring plate 25 is fixed with a second sleeve 30 by a second support plate 29. The second sleeve 30 is rotatably disposed on the outside of the laser rod 3. A gear ring 31 is provided on the outside of the second sleeve 30. The gear ring 31 meshes with a gear 32. The gear 32 is connected to a motor 33. The motor 33 is mounted on the laser rod 3. By designing the motor 33, the angle of the front ring plate 4 can be rotated, so that the upper shock absorber 5 on the front ring plate 4 can avoid the weld slag at the weld when moving, making its displacement more stable.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper damping component 5 includes a disturbance seat 34, a disturbance rod 35, a pin 36, and a tension damper 37. The disturbance seat 34 is fixed to the front end of the front end ring plate 4. The disturbance seat 34 is hinged to the middle of the disturbance rod 35 via the pin 36. The front end of the disturbance rod 35 extends outward, and the rear end of the disturbance rod 35 is connected to the front end ring plate 4 via the tension damper 37. In some other embodiments, a ball bearing can be rotatably installed at the lower end of the disturbance rod 35. The ball bearing contacts the upper surface of the stainless steel plate, using a rolling fit, which facilitates displacement while welding.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device adapted for stainless steel sheets, characterized in that: The system includes a laser head and a three-dimensional drive system for controlling the laser head's displacement. The three-dimensional drive system is connected to the laser head via a laser rod. A front ring plate is installed at the end of the laser rod closest to the laser head, and an upper shock absorber is installed on the front ring plate. A magnetic base plate is installed on the lower side of the laser head, and multiple lower shock absorbers are installed on the magnetic base plate. The lower shock absorber includes a base, a support rod, a lower hinge seat, a spring damper, and an upper hinge seat. The base is magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate. A threaded hole is opened on the base, with the axis of the threaded hole along the vertical direction. The lower end of the support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the lower hinge seat. The upper end of the lower hinge seat is connected to the upper hinge seat via a spring damper, and the upper end of the upper hinge seat forms a support surface for supporting the stainless steel plate.

2. The laser cutting equipment adapted for stainless steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple bottom beams are installed at even intervals along the horizontal direction on the magnetic base plate. The bottom beams are magnetically connected to the magnetic base plate. The bottom beams extend longitudinally. Multiple horizontal baffles are evenly spaced along the longitudinal direction on the upper side of the bottom beams. The horizontal baffles extend laterally. Guide components are connected to both ends of the horizontal baffles. A longitudinal telescopic plate is installed between two adjacent horizontal baffles. Multiple longitudinal telescopic plates form a group. The same group of longitudinal telescopic plates is connected to a corresponding bottom beam. The horizontal baffles and longitudinal telescopic plates can be combined to form a protective cavity.

3. The laser cutting equipment adapted for stainless steel plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal telescopic plate includes a fixed plate, a movable plate, and a support spring. The lower end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the bottom beam. One side of the fixed plate is adjacent to one of the transverse baffles. The other side of the fixed plate has a groove in which the movable plate is slidably arranged. The movable plate is connected to the fixed plate through the support spring. Under the support of the support spring, the movable plate abuts against another transverse baffle.

4. The laser cutting equipment adapted for stainless steel plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide assembly includes a guide rod and supports. Guide holes are provided at both ends of the transverse baffle. The guide rod is slidably disposed in the guide holes along the longitudinal direction. The guide rod is connected to the transverse baffle by a locking device. Supports are connected to both ends of the guide rod and the supports are connected to the magnetic base plate.

5. The laser cutting equipment adapted for stainless steel plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rear ring plate is installed on the laser rod at the end away from the laser head. A hydraulic telescopic device is installed on the rear ring plate. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic device is connected to the front ring plate. The output direction of the hydraulic telescopic device is parallel to the axis of the laser rod.

6. The laser cutting equipment adapted for stainless steel plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The center of the front ring plate is fixed with a first sleeve through a first support plate. The first sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the laser rod. The center of the rear ring plate is fixed with a second sleeve through a second support plate. The second sleeve is rotatably set on the outside of the laser rod. A gear ring is provided on the outside of the second sleeve. The gear ring meshes with a gear. The gear is connected to a motor. The motor is mounted on the laser rod.

7. A laser cutting device adapted for stainless steel sheets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper damping component includes a disturbance seat, a disturbance rod, a pin, and a tension damper. The disturbance seat is fixed to the front end of the front ring plate. The disturbance seat is hinged to the middle of the disturbance rod via the pin. The front end of the disturbance rod extends outward, and the rear end of the disturbance rod is connected to the front ring plate via the tension damper.

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