A nozzle outer wall welding clamp and welding method

Abstract

The application discloses a tail nozzle outer wall welding clamp and a welding method. The welding clamp comprises a base plate, a positioning block, a die seat one, a die seat two, a die seat three, a supporting block one, a central positioning seat, a supporting block two, a die seat four, a die seat five, a reinforcing plate, a support one, a die seat six, a hook-shaped bolt, a support four, a supporting block three, a supporting block four, a supporting block five and a supporting block six. When welding, the thin-walled sheet metal part one, the thin-walled sheet metal part two, the thin-walled sheet metal part three and the thin-walled sheet metal part four are positioned through the positioning block, and the die seat, the supporting block and the support are used to realize die surface support, and finally the welding of four welds is completed. The welding clamp has high die surface fitting degree, high positioning precision, high clamping efficiency and high overall rigidity, and solves the traditional problems in the welding of the tail nozzle outer wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding technology, specifically relating to a welding fixture and welding method for the outer wall of a tailpipe. Background Technology

[0002] The outer wall of the aero-engine exhaust nozzle is a high-temperature alloy thin-walled complex curved surface welded component, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the structure is formed by welding together four high-temperature alloy thin-walled sheet metal parts: thin-walled sheet metal part 1 51, thin-walled sheet metal part 2 52, thin-walled sheet metal part 3 53, and thin-walled sheet metal part 4 54. There is weld seam 1 between thin-walled sheet metal part 1 51 and thin-walled sheet metal part 2 52, weld seam 4 between thin-walled sheet metal part 1 51 and thin-walled sheet metal part 4 54, weld seam 2 between thin-walled sheet metal part 3 53 and thin-walled sheet metal part 2 52, and weld seam 3 between thin-walled sheet metal part 4 54 and thin-walled sheet metal part 3 53.

[0003] The accuracy of the flow channel profile, weld quality, and structural rigidity of the exhaust nozzle outer wall directly affect the engine's thrust efficiency, aerodynamics, and service reliability. As equipment develops towards higher thrust ratios, lighter weight, and longer service life, the exhaust nozzle outer wall exhibits complex curved surfaces, variable cross-sections, and thin walls with weak rigidity. The requirements for welding assembly and dimensional accuracy are becoming increasingly stringent, and traditional welding methods can no longer meet the needs of stable mass production.

[0004] Current methods for welding and clamping the outer wall of tail nozzles generally rely on simple positioning blocks, manual stabilization, or general-purpose clamps, which have multiple technical shortcomings: First, poor surface fit: complex curved surfaces and fixtures are in point / line contact, which cannot provide precise support for the entire contour. Welding heat input can easily cause warping, ellipticization and misalignment, and the flow channel dimensions are out of tolerance. Secondly, the positioning accuracy is low, symmetry and gap are difficult to control stably, resulting in high defect rates such as weld misalignment and incomplete fusion, and high rework and scrap costs; Third, the clamping efficiency is low, manual adjustment is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the consistency is poor, and it is difficult to adapt to automated welding. Fourth, insufficient rigidity. Thin-walled parts are prone to plastic deformation under clamping and welding stress. Surface springback and residual stress affect the overall assembly and fatigue life.

[0005] Current specialized fixtures suffer from poor versatility, long adjustment cycles, and a lack of integrated positioning, conformal clamping, and thermal deformation control functions, failing to meet the demands for high precision, high efficiency, and high reliability. To overcome the bottleneck in controlling welding deformation of thin-walled, complex surfaces and to steadily improve the welding quality and production efficiency of the tail nozzle outer wall, developing high-precision, deformation-resistant welding fixtures for the tail nozzle outer wall has become a critical technical problem urgently needing to be solved in the aerospace manufacturing field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to provide a welding fixture and welding method for the outer wall of a tailpipe, solving the problem of welding deformation of thin-walled and complex-shaped outer surfaces of the tailpipe, and steadily improving the welding quality and production efficiency of the outer wall of the tailpipe.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A welding fixture for the outer wall of a tailpipe includes: Base plate; Positioning blocks, multiple positioning blocks are arranged at intervals on the end face of the base plate along the end face contour line of the first opening end of the tail nozzle outer wall; A central positioning seat, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the base plate, extends from the first opening end to the second opening end along the central axis of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. The base plates 1, 3, 4, and 6 are detachably and movably connected at their lower ends to the upper surface of the base plate. Base plates 1 and 6 are symmetrical about the central positioning seat, and base plates 3 and 4 are symmetrical about the central positioning seat. Base plate 3 extends along the direction of weld 1 and includes a profile that fits against the outer wall of the tailpipe where weld 1 is located. Base plate 1 extends along the direction of weld 4 and includes a profile that fits against the outer wall of the tailpipe. The upper weld seam four is attached to the outer wall of the molded surface, the molded seat four extends along the direction of weld seam two and includes the molded surface attached to the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld seam two is located, the molded seat six extends along the direction of weld seam three and includes the molded surface attached to the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld seam three is located, and each of the molded seats one, three, four and six has a welding clearance groove, the shape of which is consistent with the shape of weld seam four, weld seam one, weld seam two and weld seam three respectively; Type 2 and Type 5, both of which contain protective gas passageways, are symmetrically arranged about the central positioning seat. Type 2 is located between Type 1 and Type 3, and Type 5 is located between Type 4 and Type 6. Type 2 has a relief groove welded to Type 1 and Type 3, and the surface of the relief groove welded to Type 3 has a vent hole. Type 5 has a relief groove welded to Type 4 and Type 6, and the surface of the relief groove welded to Type 6 has a vent hole. The vent holes are connected to the protective gas passageways. Both Type 2 and Type 5 are equipped with air nozzles, which are connected to the protective gas passageways. Support block one and support block two, multiple support blocks one and support block two are connected on two different surfaces of the central positioning seat and are symmetrical about the central positioning seat. The surfaces of support block one and support block two include profiles for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part two of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. Support blocks five and six are connected to two different surfaces of the central positioning seat and are symmetrical about the central positioning seat. The surfaces of support blocks five and six include profiles for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part four of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. The reinforcing plate has two ends connected to the ends of the second and fifth mold bases away from the bottom plate, respectively. Support 1, which is located between base 1 and base 6 and corresponds to the outer side of the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part 4. The lower end of support 1 is connected to the base plate. Support 1 is provided with a plurality of hexagonal head bolts for pressing the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part 4. Support 2 is located between base 3 and base 4 and corresponds to the outer side of the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 2. The lower end of support 2 is connected to the base plate. Support 2 is provided with a plurality of hexagonal head bolts for pressing the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 2. Side supports, the lower end of which is connected to the upper surface of the base plate. There are two sets of side supports, with type two and type five located between the two sets of side supports. Hexagonal head bolts are installed on the side supports. The hexagonal head bolts on one set of side supports are used to press the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part one, and the hexagonal head bolts on the other set of side supports are used to press the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part three. Hook bolts, a plurality of said hook bolts are installed on the ends of the second and fifth mold bases away from the base plate; Support block three, multiple support blocks three are connected to the mold base two, and the support block three includes a mold surface for fitting and supporting the inner surface of a thin-walled sheet metal part; Support block four, multiple support blocks four are connected to the mold base five, and the support block four includes a mold surface for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part three.

[0008] As one possible solution: there are at least four positioning blocks, and each positioning block has a positioning stop for positioning the first opening end of the outer wall of the tail nozzle.

[0009] As one option: each set of side supports includes support three and support four, wherein support three is close to support three and support four, support four is close to support one and support six, and support three and support four have different shapes.

[0010] As one possible solution: the base plate has two square slots for installing and removing the second and fifth mold bases.

[0011] As one option: the central positioning seat, type seat one, type seat two, type seat three, type seat four, type seat five and type seat six are made of aluminum alloy.

[0012] As one option: there are multiple supports one and two.

[0013] As one solution: the ends of the base plates 1, 3, 4 and 6 that are connected to the base plate have a raceway groove. The raceway groove is a long, narrow through groove, which allows the connection position of the base plates 1, 3, 4 and 6 to the base plate to change along the length of the raceway groove.

[0014] As one solution: the surfaces of the second and fifth mold bases are provided with ventilation grooves that serve as protective gas passageways, and the ventilation grooves are covered with plugs to form a sealing structure.

[0015] As one option: the support block 1, support block 2, support block 3, support block 4, support block 5 and support block 6 are sheet-like hollow structures.

[0016] A method for welding the outer wall of a tailpipe, using the aforementioned welding fixture, and comprising the following steps: Step 1: Move base 1 and base 3 in opposite directions so that base 1 and base 3 are both away from base 2 and form two gaps. Move base 4 and base 6 in opposite directions so that base 4 and base 6 are both away from base 5 and form two gaps. Step 2: Place thin-walled sheet metal parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 into the four gaps formed in Step 1, and insert the lower ends of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 into the positioning stop. Step 3: Adjust the hexagonal head bolts on support 1, support 2 and side support to contact the outer surfaces of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1, 2, 3 and 4, so that the inner surfaces of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 fit the profiles of support blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Step 4: Move mold base 1 and mold base 3 towards mold base 2 so that the surfaces of mold base 1 and mold base 3 are in contact with the surfaces of weld seam 1 and weld seam 4 on the outer wall of the tail nozzle. Move mold base 4 and mold base 6 towards mold base 5 so that the surfaces of mold base 4 and mold base 6 are in contact with the surfaces of weld seam 2 and weld seam 3 on the outer wall of the tail nozzle. Tighten the connection between mold base 1, mold base 3, mold base 4 and mold base 6 and the base plate. Hook mold base 1 and mold base 3 with the moving hook bolts and press them against mold base 2 so that the weld gap and misalignment of weld seam 1 and weld seam 4 are less than the welding requirements. Hook mold base 4 and mold base 6 with the moving hook bolts and press them against mold base 5 so that the weld gap and misalignment of weld seam 2 and weld seam 3 are less than the welding requirements. Step 5: Introduce protective gas through the air nozzle, and blow protective gas through the vent holes of mold seat 2 and mold seat 5 to weld seam 1, weld seam 2, weld seam 3 and weld seam 4. Then weld weld seam 1, weld seam 2, weld seam 3 and weld seam 4 through the welding clearance groove. Step Six: After welding is completed, first disassemble the connection between the reinforcing plate and the base plate 2 and 5. Then disassemble the connection between the base plate 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the base plate. After loosening the hook bolts, disassemble the connection between the base plate 1, 3, 4, and 6 and the base plate. Then disassemble the connection between the support block 1, 2, 5, and 6 and the central positioning seat. Finally, disassemble the connection between the base plate 2 and 5 and the base plate. Move the base plate 2 and 5 away from the outer wall of the tailpipe and remove the welded outer wall of the tailpipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the welding fixture and welding method of the present invention have the following characteristics: (1) The welding fixture of the present invention replaces the traditional point / line contact method by using multiple mold seats and multiple support blocks to fully adapt and support the welding fixture. This effectively suppresses warping, ellipticization and misalignment caused by welding heat input, avoids out-of-tolerance flow channel dimensions, and solves the problem of welding deformation of thin-walled parts. (2) The welding fixture of the present invention relies on the positioning stop on the positioning block for rapid positioning and multi-component coordinated adjustment to stably control the symmetry of the parts and the gap and misalignment of the weld (all less than 0.2mm), which greatly reduces the defect rate of weld offset and non-fusion, and reduces rework and scrap costs. (3) The welding fixture of the present invention integrates positioning and conformal clamping functions, simplifies manual adjustment steps, improves clamping consistency, breaks through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional manual stabilization and general-purpose fixtures, and can be adapted to the needs of automated welding. (4) The multiple support blocks of the present invention adopt surface contact support, which can adapt to the complex shape of the tail nozzle, and the position of the support blocks can be adjusted according to the shape change; (5) The welding fixture of the present invention enhances the rigidity of thin-walled parts during clamping and welding by combining a special type seat, support and reinforcing plate, avoids plastic deformation, reduces surface springback and residual stress, and ensures the assembly accuracy of the whole machine and the fatigue life of the parts. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the outer wall parts and welds of the tail nozzle of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the welding fixture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a left view of the welding fixture of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the welding fixture concealing the vehicle frame according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the welding fixture concealing the vehicle frame according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is another isometric view of the welding fixture concealing the vehicle frame of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture base plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture type base of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture type base of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the central positioning seat of the welding fixture of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture frame of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Base plate; 3. Positioning block; 4. Mold seat one; 5. Mold seat two; 6. Mold seat three; 7. Support block one; 8. Central positioning seat; 9. Support block two; 10. Mold seat four; 11. Mold seat five; 12. Reinforcing plate; 13. Support one; 14. Mold seat six; 15. First hex socket head cap screw; 16. First hex head bolt; 17. Support two; 18. Support three; 19. Hook bolt one; 20. Hinge support; 21. Knurled wrench nut; 22. Air valve; 23. Second hex socket head cap screw; 24. Type A welding wrench; 25. Hook bolt two; 27. Support four; 28. 29. Second hexagonal head screw; 30. Hexagonal nut; 31. Shaft screw; 32. Guide sleeve; 33. Fourth hexagonal head screw; 34. First cylindrical pin; 35. Second cylindrical pin; 36. Support block three; 37. Support block four; 38. Block plate one; 39. Block plate two; 40. Slotted cylindrical head screw; 41. Support block five; 42. Support block six; 51. Thin-walled sheet metal part one; 52. Thin-walled sheet metal part two; 53. Thin-walled sheet metal part three; 54. Thin-walled sheet metal part four; 201. Square groove; 301. Positioning stop; 501. Vent hole; 601. Raceway groove; 602. Welding clearance groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, this embodiment presents a nozzle outer wall welding fixture, including a frame 1, a base plate 2, a positioning block 3, a first mold seat 4, a second mold seat 5, a third mold seat 6, a first support block 7, a central positioning seat 8, a second support block 9, a fourth mold seat 10, a fifth mold seat 11, a reinforcing plate 12, a first support 13, a sixth mold seat 14, a first internal hexagonal socket head cap screw 15, a first hexagonal head bolt 16, a second support 17, a third support 18, a hook bolt 19, a hinge support 20, and a knurled wrench nut 21. 22. Air nozzle; 23. Second internal hex socket head cap screw; 24. Type A welding wrench; 25. Hook bolt II; 27. Support IV; 28. Third internal hex socket head cap screw; 29. ​​Second hex head bolt; 30. Hex nut; 31. Shaft screw; 32. Guide sleeve; 33. Fourth internal hex socket head cap screw; 34. First cylindrical pin; 35. Second cylindrical pin; 36. Support block III; 37. Support block IV; 38. Block I; 39. Block II; 40. Slotted cylindrical head screw; 41. Support block V; and 42. Support block VI.

[0021] like Figure 11 The frame 1 is a square frame structure with four wheel hubs at the bottom, two of which are equipped with brakes. The upper part of the frame 1 has a handlebar. At the two corners corresponding to the two ends of the diagonal of the square, there are a pair of parallel reinforcing bars. The reinforcing bars have bolt holes for connecting the base plate 2.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The base plate 2 is mounted on the frame 1 and connected to the reinforcing rod of the frame 1 using second hexagonal head bolts 29 and hexagonal nuts 30, as shown below. Figure 7Four positioning blocks 3 are provided on the upper end face of the base plate 1, which are positioned by the first cylindrical pin 34 and connected and fixed by the fourth internal hexagon socket head cap screw 33; a central positioning seat 8 is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the base plate 2, and multiple threaded holes and pin holes are provided on the lower end face of the central positioning seat 8, which are connected and fixed by the second cylindrical pin 35 and the first internal hexagon socket head cap screw 15; five support blocks 7, five support blocks 9, four support blocks 41, and four support blocks are provided on both sides of the central positioning seat 8. 6.14 is connected with hexagon socket screws; a second type 5 and a fifth type 11 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper end face of the base plate 2. Multiple holes are provided at the lower end of the second type 5 and the fifth type 11, and guide sleeves 32 are installed in the holes. The guide sleeves 32 are threaded and connected to the base plate 2 with shaft screws 31. A reinforcing plate 12 is provided at the upper end and fixed with hexagon socket screws; multiple threaded holes of various specifications are provided on the second type 5 and the fifth type 11, respectively used to connect the support block 36, the blocking plate 38, and the blocking plate. 239, air nozzle 22, multiple vent holes 501 are provided in the middle of the front and rear surfaces of the second and fifth molded bases 5 and 5; molded bases 1 4, 3 6, 4 10 and 6 14 are respectively provided at corresponding positions on the front and rear surfaces of the second and fifth molded bases 5 and 5, and are connected to the base plate 2 with hexagonal head bolts; one end of the hinge support 20 has a threaded structure and is connected to the end face of the second and fifth molded bases 5 and 5 away from the base plate 2, and the other end of the hinge support 20 has a smooth hole; Hook bolt 19 and hook bolt 25 pass through the light hole of hinge support 20 and are connected to knurled wrench nut 21. Supports 13, 27, 38, and 47 are also provided around the base plate 2. The bottom ends of supports 13, 27, 38, and 47 are connected to the base plate 2 with third hexagon socket head cap screws 28. First hexagon head bolts 16 are provided in the upper part of supports 13, 27, 38, and 47. Reinforcing plates 12 are installed at the ends of brackets 25 and 511 away from the base plate 2. Two A-type welding wrenches 24 are installed on the reinforcing plates 12 by second hexagon socket head cap screws 23.

[0023] like Figure 7 The base plate 2 has two square slots 201 for easy assembly and disassembly of the second mold base 5 and the fifth mold base 11.

[0024] There are no fewer than four positioning blocks 3. All positioning blocks 3 are provided with positioning stops 301 for quick positioning of the lower ends of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1, 51, 52, 53, and 54.

[0025] The central positioning seat 8, type seat 1 4, type seat 2 5, type seat 3 6, type seat 4 10, type seat 5 11 and type seat 6 14 are made of 2A12 aluminum alloy.

[0026] The second type seat 5 and the fifth type seat 11 are axisymmetric structures. Two ventilation grooves are provided on one side surface. They are sealed by using the first type plate 38 and the second type plate 39 in conjunction with the slotted cylindrical head screw 40. The ventilation grooves are connected to the vent hole 501 and the air nozzle 22. The hinge support 20 is installed on the end face of the second type seat 5 and the fifth type seat 11 away from the bottom plate 2. The hinge support 20 is equipped with the first type bolt 19 and the second type bolt 25. The first type bolt 19 and the second type bolt 25 are fitted with the knurled wrench nut 21. Slot 1 (4), Slot 3 (6), Slot 4 (10), and Slot 6 (14) have similar structures and are respectively matched with weld seam 4, weld seam 1, weld seam 2, and weld seam 3, as shown below. Figure 9 Runway grooves 601 and welding clearance grooves 602 are provided on the base 1 4, base 3 6, base 4 10 and base 6 14. The length of the runway grooves 601, in conjunction with the hexagonal head bolts, enables the base 1 4, base 3 6, base 4 10 and base 6 14 to move and connect on the upper end face of the base plate 2. One or more first hexagonal head bolts 16 are provided on support 13, support 27, support 38, and support 427. The number of support 13, support 27, support 38, and support 427 is set according to the part profile. The total number of supports is at least 8. In this embodiment, there are two support 13, two support 27, two support 38, and two support 427.

[0027] The welding method for the outer wall of the tailpipe in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Loosen the hexagonal head bolts in the raceway groove 601 at the lower end of the mold base 1 4, mold base 3 6, mold base 4 10 and mold base 6 14 that are used to connect and fix them to the base plate 2, and move the mold base 1 4, mold base 3 6, mold base 4 10 and mold base 6 14 so that the mold base 1 4 and mold base 3 6 are away from the mold base 2 5, and the mold base 4 10 and mold base 6 14 are away from the mold base 5 11; Step 2: Place thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 51, 2 52, 3 53 and 4 54 in the welding fixture in sequence, and use the positioning stop 301 of the positioning block 3 to position the lower ends of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 51, 2 52, 3 53 and 4 54. Step 3: Adjust the first hexagonal head bolts 16 on support 13, support 27, support 38, and support 427 respectively, so that the inner surfaces of thin-walled sheet metal parts 151, 252, 353, and 454 are in contact with the surfaces of support blocks 17, 29, 36, 437, 54, and 64, so as to achieve the effect of fitting and supporting the inner surface of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. Step 4: Adjust the positions of mold base 1 (4), mold base 3 (6), mold base 4 (10), and mold base 6 (14) respectively, so that the mold surfaces of mold base 1 (4), mold base 3 (6), mold base 4 (10), and mold base 6 (14) are in contact with the mold surfaces of weld seams 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the outer wall of the tailpipe. Tighten the hexagonal head bolts in the runway groove 601 at the lower end of mold base 1 (4), mold base 3 (6), mold base 4 (10), and mold base 6 (14), and simultaneously use hook bolts 19 and 25. Do not hook onto type seat 1 (4), type seat 3 (6), type seat 4 (10), and type seat 6 (14). Tighten the knurled wrench nut 21. Hook bolt 19 will move type seat 1 (4), type seat 3 (6), type seat 4 (10), and type seat 6 (14) and press against thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 (51), 2 (52), 3 (53), and 4 (54) so ​​that the welding gap and misalignment of each weld (weld 1, weld 2, weld 3, and weld 4) are less than 0.2mm respectively. Step 5: Purge the welding fixture with air nozzle 22 for 5 minutes, blow protective gas through vent hole 501 to the four welds, and then weld weld one, weld two, weld three and weld four. Step 6: Disassemble mold base 1 (4), mold base 3 (6), mold base 4 (10), and mold base 6 (14), and weld the areas that were not welded in Step 5. It should be noted that... Figure 6 and Figure 9 Welding clearance grooves 602 are provided on the base 1 4, base 3 6, base 4 10 and base 6 14, which reduces the structural strength of the base 1 4, base 3 6, base 4 10 and base 6 14. This will affect the constraint strength of the welding fixture on the outer wall of the tail nozzle and cause the weld to deform. Therefore, multiple reinforcing ribs are added to the base 1 4, base 3 6, base 4 10 and base 6 14. The reinforcing ribs will block the movement of the welding torch, resulting in unwelded areas at the reinforcing ribs. Therefore, step 6 needs to weld the unwelded areas blocked by the reinforcing ribs in step 5. Step 7: After all welding is completed, first disassemble the connection between the reinforcing plate 12 and the base plates 2 and 5 (remove the socket head cap screws used for connection). Then disassemble the connection between the base plates 13, 27, 318, and 427 and the base plate 2 (remove the third socket head cap screw 28 used for connection). Loosen the hook bolts (two hook bolts 19 and two hook bolts 25). Then disassemble the connection between the base plates 14, 36, 410, and 614 and the base plate 2 (remove the socket head cap screws used for connection). Finally, disassemble the support blocks 17, 29, and 310. Connect support block 5 41, support block 6 42 to the central positioning seat 8 (remove the internal hex screws used for connection; support block 1 7, support block 2 9, support block 5 41, and support block 6 42 are all hollow structures, partly to reduce weight and partly to facilitate the removal of internal hex screws from the hollow parts), finally disassemble the connection between mold seat 2 5 and mold seat 5 11 and the base plate 2 (remove the shaft screw 31), move mold seat 2 5 and mold seat 5 11 away from the outer wall of the tail nozzle until they enter the square groove 201, remove mold seat 2 5 and mold seat 5 11 from the base plate 2 from the square groove 201, and remove the welded outer wall of the tail nozzle; Step 8: Reset the base 1 (4), base 2 (5), base 3 (6), base 4 (10), base 5 (11), base 6 (14) and reinforcing plate 12.

[0028] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although illustrative specific embodiments of the invention have been described above to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. Various modifications are readily apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of this invention are protected.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for the outer wall of a tailpipe, characterized in that, include: Base plate (2); Positioning blocks (3), multiple positioning blocks (3) are arranged at intervals on the upper end face of the base plate (2) along the end face contour line of the first opening end of the tail nozzle outer wall; The lower end of the central positioning seat (8) is connected to the upper end of the base plate (2), and the central positioning seat (8) extends from the first opening end to the second opening end along the central axis direction of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. The lower ends of the first (4), third (6), fourth (10), and sixth (14) bases are detachably and movably connected to the upper surface of the base plate (2). The first (4) and sixth (14) bases are symmetrical about the central positioning seat (8), and the third (6) and fourth (10) bases are symmetrical about the central positioning seat (8). The third (6) base extends along the direction of weld seam one and includes a profile that fits against the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld seam one is located. The first (4) base extends along the direction of weld seam four. The shape of the shaped seat (10) extends along the direction of the weld and includes the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld 4 is located. The shape of the shaped seat (14) extends along the direction of the weld and includes the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld 2 is located. The shape of the shaped seat (602) extends along the direction of the weld and includes the outer wall of the tail nozzle where weld 3 is located. A welding clearance groove (602) is opened on the shaped seat (4), the shaped seat (6), the shaped seat (10) and the shaped seat (602) respectively. The shape of the welding clearance groove (602) is consistent with the shape of weld 4, weld 1, weld 2 and weld 3 respectively. Type 2 (5) and Type 5 (11) are provided, both of which contain protective gas passages. Type 2 (5) and Type 5 (11) are symmetrically arranged about the central positioning seat (8). Type 2 (5) is located between Type 1 (4) and Type 3 (6), and Type 5 (11) is located between Type 4 (10) and Type 6 (14). Type 2 (5) has a relief groove (602) welded on it corresponding to Type 1 (4). Ventilation holes (501) are opened on the surface of the welding clearance groove (602) on the third type (6). Ventilation holes (501) are opened on the surface of the welding clearance groove (602) on the fourth type (10) and the welding clearance groove (602) on the sixth type (14) on the fifth type (11). The ventilation holes (501) are connected to the protective gas passage. Air nozzles (22) are provided on the second type (5) and the fifth type (11). The air nozzles (22) are connected to the protective gas passage. Support block one (7) and support block two (9), multiple support blocks one (7) and support block two (9) are connected on two different surfaces of the central positioning seat (8) and are symmetrical about the central positioning seat (8). The surfaces of support block one (7) and support block two (9) include profiles for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part two (52) of the outer wall of the tail nozzle. Support block five (41) and support block six (42), which are connected on two different surfaces of the central positioning seat (8) and are symmetrical about the central positioning seat (8), and the surfaces of support block five (41) and support block six (42) include profiles for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part four (54) of the outer wall of the tail nozzle; The reinforcing plate (12) has two ends connected to the ends of the second (5) and the fifth (11) of the mold base away from the bottom plate (2), respectively. Support 1 (13) is located between base 1 (4) and base 6 (14) and corresponds to the outer side of the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 4 (54). The lower end of support 1 (13) is connected to the base plate (2). Support 1 (13) is provided with a number of hexagonal head bolts for pressing the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 4 (54). Support 2 (17) is located between support 3 (6) and support 4 (10) and corresponds to the outer side of the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 2 (52). The lower end of support 2 (17) is connected to the base plate (2). Support 2 (17) is provided with a number of hexagonal head bolts for pressing the outer surface of thin-walled sheet metal part 2 (52). Side support, the lower end of the side support is connected to the upper end face of the base plate (2). There are two sets of side supports. The second type of support (5) and the fifth type of support (11) are located between the two sets of side supports. Hexagonal head bolts are installed on the side supports. The hexagonal head bolts on one set of side supports are used to press the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part one (51), and the hexagonal head bolts on the other set of side supports are used to press the outer surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part three (53). Hook bolts, a plurality of said hook bolts are installed on the ends of the second (5) and the fifth (11) of the base plate (2) away from the base plate; Support block three (36), multiple support blocks three (36) are connected to the base two (5), and the support block three (36) includes a profile for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part one (51); Support block four (37), multiple support blocks four (37) are connected to the base five (11), and the support block four (37) includes a profile for fitting and supporting the inner surface of the thin-walled sheet metal part three (53).

2. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least four positioning blocks (3), and the positioning blocks (3) have positioning stops (301) for positioning the first opening end of the outer wall of the tail nozzle.

3. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of side supports includes support three (18) and support four (27), wherein support three (18) is close to support three (6) and support four (10), and support four (27) is close to support one (4) and support six (14). Support three (18) and support four (27) have different shapes.

4. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (2) has two square grooves (201) for installing and removing the second type seat (5) and the fifth type seat (11).

5. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central positioning seat (8), type seat one (4), type seat two (5), type seat three (6), type seat four (10), type seat five (11) and type seat six (14) are made of aluminum alloy.

6. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple supports one (13) and two supports two (17).

7. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base 1 (4), base 3 (6), base 4 (10) and base 6 (14) are connected to the base plate (2) with a raceway groove (601). The raceway groove (601) is a long strip through groove, which allows the connection position of base 1 (4), base 3 (6), base 4 (10) and base 6 (14) to the base plate (2) to change along the length direction of the raceway groove (601).

8. The tail nozzle outer wall welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the second (5) and the fifth (11) are provided with ventilation grooves that serve as protective gas passageways, and the ventilation grooves are covered with plugs to form a sealing structure.

9. A welding fixture for the outer wall of a tailpipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support blocks 1 (7), 2 (9), 3 (36), 4 (37), 5 (41) and 6 (42) are sheet-like hollow structures.

10. A method for welding the outer wall of a tailpipe, characterized in that, The welding fixture described in claim 2 is used, and the process includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the first (4) and the third (6) of the formwork in opposite directions so that the first (4) and the third (6) of the formwork are both away from the second (5) of the formwork and form two gaps. Move the fourth (10) and the sixth (14) of the formwork in opposite directions so that the fourth (10) and the sixth (14) of the formwork are both away from the fifth (11) of the formwork and form two gaps. Step 2: Place the thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 (51), 2 (52), 3 (53), and 4 (54) into the four gaps formed in Step 1, and insert the lower ends of the thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 (51), 2 (52), 3 (53), and 4 (54) into the positioning stop (301); Step 3: Adjust the hexagonal head bolts on support 1 (13), support 2 (17) and side support to contact the outer surfaces of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 (51), 2 (52), 3 (53) and 4 (54), so that the inner surfaces of thin-walled sheet metal parts 1 (51), 2 (52), 3 (53) and 4 (54) fit with the profiles of support block 1 (7), support block 2 (9), support block 3 (36), support block 4 (37), support block 5 (41) and support block 6 (42); Step 4: Move the first (4) and third (6) seats closer to the second (5) seat, so that the surfaces of the first (4) and third (6) seats fit against the surfaces of weld seams 1 and 4 on the outer wall of the nozzle. Move the fourth (10) and sixth (14) seats closer to the fifth (11) seat, so that the surfaces of the fourth (10) and sixth (14) seats fit against the surfaces of weld seams 2 and 3 on the outer wall of the nozzle. Tighten the first (4) and third (5) seats. The connection between the three (6), the four (10) and the six (14) base plates (2) is achieved by moving the hook bolts to hook the one (4) and the three (6) base plates and press them against the two (5) base plates, so that the weld gap and misalignment of the weld seams one and four are less than the welding requirements. The connection between the three (6) and the base plates (10) and six (14) base plates and press them against the five (11) base plates, so that the weld gap and misalignment of the weld seams two and three are less than the welding requirements. Step 5: Introduce protective gas through the air nozzle (22), blow protective gas through the vent holes (501) of the second (5) and the fifth (11) to weld seam 1, weld seam 2, weld seam 3 and weld seam 4, and then weld weld seam 1, weld seam 2, weld seam 3 and weld seam 4 through the welding clearance groove (602); Step 6: After welding is completed, first disassemble the connection between the reinforcing plate (12) and the second (5) and the fifth (11) of the base plate. Then disassemble the connection between the first (13), the second (17), the third (18), the fourth (27) of the base plate (2). After loosening the hook bolts, disassemble the connection between the first (4), the third (6), the fourth (10), and the sixth (14) of the base plate (2). Then disassemble the connection between the first (7), the second (9), the fifth (41), the sixth (42) of the support block and the central positioning seat (8). Finally, disassemble the connection between the second (5) and the fifth (11) of the base plate (2). Move the second (5) and the fifth (11) of the base plate away from the outer wall of the tail nozzle and remove the outer wall of the welded tail nozzle.

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