Positioning device and positioning method for tunnel steel arch and connecting steel plate

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning device and positioning method for a tunnel steel arch and a connecting steel plate, which comprises an outer frame, a first positioning assembly, an inner frame, a second positioning assembly, a driving assembly and a fastening and clamping assembly, the first positioning assembly is installed on the outer frame, the first positioning assembly is provided with three first positioning ends for positioning three outer sides of the end of the steel arch respectively, the first positioning assembly is provided with three first driving ends, the inner frame is vertically and slidingly connected to the outer frame under the action of a driven second driving end, the second positioning assembly is installed on the inner frame, the second positioning assembly is provided with three second positioning ends for clamping and positioning three outer sides of the connecting steel plate respectively, the second positioning assembly is provided with three third driving ends, and the center of the three second positioning ends is located directly above the center of the three first positioning ends. The application can realize cooperative positioning, has high precision and high efficiency, is convenient to debug and can adapt to batch operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and particularly relates to a positioning device and positioning method for tunnel steel arch frames and connecting steel plates. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, steel arch frames are important initial support structures. Steel arch frames are typically constructed by welding together multiple sections of curved steel (such as I-beams and U-beams) using connecting steel plates. Currently, when welding the connecting steel plates to the ends of the steel arch frame, manual straightening, alignment, and temporary electric welding are often used for fixation.

[0003] This method has the following problems: First, the positioning accuracy depends on the worker's experience, making it difficult to guarantee the perpendicularity and relative position of the connecting steel plate and the end face of the steel arch, which will affect the welding quality and the overall installation accuracy of the steel arch; second, it is inefficient, as each connecting steel plate needs to be manually aligned and temporarily fixed, resulting in high labor intensity; third, during the welding process, the connecting steel plate is prone to displacement due to heat or improper operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning device for tunnel steel arch frames and connecting steel plates, which can accurately position tunnel steel arch frames and connecting steel plates.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, a positioning device for a tunnel steel arch frame and a connecting steel plate is provided, comprising: outer frame; The first positioning component is mounted on the outer frame. The first positioning component is provided with three first positioning ends for positioning the three outer sides of the steel arch frame ends respectively. The first positioning component is provided with three first driving ends for driving the three first positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. The inner frame is vertically slidably connected to the outer frame by the action of the driven second drive end; The second positioning component is installed on the inner frame. The second positioning component is provided with three second positioning ends for clamping and positioning the three outer sides of the connecting steel plate respectively. The second positioning component is provided with three third driving ends for driving the three second positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. The positioning center of the three second positioning ends is located directly above the positioning center of the three first positioning ends. The drive assembly is connected to three first drive ends via three clutch structures, and is also connected to the second drive end. Fastening and clamping assembly, which is located below the outer frame and is used to fasten and clamp the frame body of the steel arch frame.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer frame includes a first longitudinal frame and two first transverse frames respectively disposed at both ends of the first longitudinal frame; The first positioning component includes three first connecting rods. Two first connecting rods are slidably connected to two first transverse frames along the longitudinal direction, and the other first connecting rod is slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame along the transverse direction. The inner end of the first connecting rod is provided with an "L"-shaped positioning block for positioning the outer side and upper end of the steel arch frame. The outer end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first driving end. The inner frame includes a second longitudinal frame and two second transverse frames respectively disposed at both ends of the second longitudinal frame. The outer side of the second longitudinal frame is vertically slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame and is provided with a second drive end. The second positioning component includes three second connecting rods. Two of the second connecting rods are slidably connected to two second transverse frames along the longitudinal direction, and the other second connecting rod is slidably connected to a second longitudinal frame along the transverse direction. The inner end of the second connecting rod is provided with an "L"-shaped fixing block for positioning the outer and upper ends of the connecting steel plate, and the outer end of the second connecting rod is provided with a third driving end.

[0007] Furthermore, the first positioning component includes a first transmission rod, the inner end of which is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of a first connecting rod, and the first transmission rod is coaxially provided with a first threaded portion for threaded connection around its own axis to the outer frame, and the outer end of the first transmission rod is connected to a clutch structure. The first longitudinal frame is rotatably connected to a lead screw that is connected to the drive assembly, and the outer side of the second longitudinal frame serves as a lead screw nut that is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes three rotating rods. One rotating rod is rotatably connected in the first longitudinal frame, driven by one end of a clutch structure and driven by a lead screw. The other two rotating rods are rotatably connected in the two first transverse frames and driven by one end of the other two clutch structures, respectively. The two ends of the longitudinal rotating rod are driven by one end of the two transverse rotating rods, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the longitudinal rotating rod is connected to the lead screw via a worm gear mechanism; and / or The longitudinal rotating rod is connected to the transverse rotating rod via a first bevel gear transmission mechanism; and / or The rotating rod is connected to one end of the clutch structure via a second bevel gear transmission mechanism; and / or The first transmission rod is connected to the other end of the clutch structure via a gear transmission mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the clutch structure includes a first support shaft and a second support shaft rotatably connected to the outer frame, and the first support shaft and the second support shaft are coaxial; A sleeve is coaxially splined to one end of the first support shaft near the second support shaft. A first friction plate is coaxially fixed to one end of the sleeve near the second support shaft. A second friction plate is coaxially fixed to one end of the second support shaft near the first support shaft. A slide cylinder is slidably connected coaxially to the outside of the first support shaft. The end of the sleeve away from the first friction plate is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder. A spring sleeved on the first support shaft is provided between the sleeve and the slide cylinder. A lever is fixedly installed radially on the side wall of the slide cylinder; Three irregularly shaped slots are provided through the outer frame, and the end of the lever away from the slide tube protrudes from the irregularly shaped slot; When the lever moves along the path of the irregular groove to one end of the irregular groove, the first friction plate separates from the second friction plate; when the lever moves along the path of the irregular groove to the other end of the irregular groove, the first friction plate adheres to the second friction plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the second positioning component includes a second transmission rod, the inner end of which is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of the second connecting rod, and the second transmission rod is coaxially provided with a second threaded portion for threaded connection around its own axis to the inner frame.

[0012] Furthermore, a magnet is installed inside the "L"-shaped fixing block.

[0013] Furthermore, the fastening and clamping assembly includes two support frames symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the outer frame and extending vertically. The two support frames are sequentially threaded with several horizontally extending clamping rods along the length direction, and the inner end of the clamping rods is provided with a rubber clamping plate.

[0014] Secondly, a positioning method is provided, utilizing a positioning device for a tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plates, which includes the following steps: Adjust the three clutch structures to the disengaged state; adjust the positioning dimensions and positioning centers of the three first positioning ends through the three first drive ends, and adjust the positioning dimensions and positioning centers of the three second positioning ends through the three third drive ends, so that the positioning dimensions of the three first positioning ends match the dimensions of the steel arch end and the positioning dimensions of the three second positioning ends match the dimensions of the connecting steel plate, and the positioning centers of the three second positioning ends are located directly above the positioning centers of the three first positioning ends; move the second positioning assembly to a higher position with the inner frame through the second drive end; then adjust the three clutch structures to the engaged state. The connecting steel plate is clamped and positioned between the three second positioning ends; the positioning device is sleeved on the end of the steel arch frame so that the three first positioning ends respectively fit the three outer sides of the end of the steel arch frame; the frame body of the steel arch frame is clamped and secured by the clamping assembly; the connecting steel plate clamped and positioned by the second positioning assembly is driven to move down to fit the end face of the steel arch frame through the first driving end or the second driving end, and the three first positioning ends are driven to move outward simultaneously. After the steel arch frame is welded to the connecting steel plate, the three second positioning ends are driven to move outward through the third driving end; the second positioning component is driven to move upward through the first driving end or the second driving end, and the three first positioning ends are driven to move inward simultaneously; the clamping component is released from clamping the frame body of the steel arch frame, and then the positioning device is removed.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It achieves collaborative positioning with high precision and efficiency: Through integrated mechanical linkage design, only one drive end needs to be operated to simultaneously complete the vertical lowering of the connecting steel plate and the horizontal movement of the three first positioning ends; this collaborative action ensures that the connecting steel plate can reach the predetermined welding position accurately and smoothly, while the first positioning component makes room for welding operation, completely changing the traditional manual alignment and electric welding operation mode, and greatly improving positioning accuracy and welding operation efficiency. Easy to debug and adaptable to batch operations: The positioning device is equipped with a disengageable clutch structure; during the initial debugging stage, after disconnecting the transmission, the positions of the clamping points on the three first positioning ends and three second positioning ends can be adjusted independently and manually to accurately adapt to the end of the steel arch frame and the size of the connecting steel plate of a specific specification; once the debugging is completed, the clutch structure is restored to the engaged state, and the positioning device becomes a special fixture for the steel arch frame of that specification, which can be quickly and repeatedly applied to the welding operations of all subsequent steel arch frames of the same specification. It can be used in batches after one debugging, reducing the auxiliary time for single-piece operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning device in this invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning device in this invention is shown; Figure 3 A connection diagram of the driving components in this invention is shown; Figure 4 Showing Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 Showing Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B: In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.

[0017] Figure label: 100. Outer frame; 110. First longitudinal frame; 120. First transverse frame; 130. Irregular groove; 200. First positioning component; 210. First connecting rod; 220. "L"-shaped positioning block; 230. First transmission rod; 231. First threaded part; 232. Long toothed part; 300. Steel arch frame; 400. Inner frame; 500. Second positioning component; 510. Second connecting rod; 520. "L"-shaped fixing block; 530. Second transmission rod; 600. Connecting steel plate; 700. Drive component; 710. Rotating rod; 720. Worm gear mechanism; 730. Lead screw; 740, First bevel gear transmission mechanism; 750, Second bevel gear transmission mechanism; 760, Handle; 800, Fastening and clamping assembly; 810, Support frame; 820, Pressure rod; 830, Rubber pressure plate; 900, Clutch structure; 910, First support shaft; 920, Slide cylinder; 930, Spring; 940, Lever; 950, Sleeve; 960, First friction plate; 970, Second friction plate; 980, Second support shaft; 990, Transmission gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] This invention provides a positioning device for a tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes: Outer frame 100; The first positioning component 200 is mounted on the outer frame 100. The first positioning component 200 is provided with three first positioning ends for positioning the three outer sides of the end of the steel arch frame 300 respectively. The first positioning component 200 is also provided with three first driving ends for driving the three first positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. The inner frame 400 is vertically slidably connected to the outer frame 100 under the action of the driven second drive end. The second positioning component 500 is mounted on the inner frame 400. The second positioning component 500 is provided with three second positioning ends for clamping and positioning the three outer sides of the connecting steel plate 600 respectively. The second positioning component 500 is also provided with three third driving ends for driving the three second positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. The positioning center of the three second positioning ends is located directly above the positioning center of the three first positioning ends. The drive assembly 700 is connected to three first drive ends via three clutch structures 900, and is also connected to a second drive end. If the three clutch structures 900 are engaged, the second positioning assembly 500 moves downward while the three first positioning ends move outward, or the second positioning assembly 500 moves upward while the three first positioning ends move inward. The fastening clamping assembly 800 is located below the outer frame 100 and is used to fasten and clamp the frame body of the steel arch frame 300.

[0020] It should be noted that this positioning device is mainly used when welding the connecting steel plate 600 at the end of the steel arch frame 300. It positions the connecting steel plate 600 to facilitate welding. After debugging, the entire positioning device can be used for welding the ends of steel arch frames 300 and connecting steel plates 600 of the same specification. Debugging mainly involves adjusting the initial positions of the three first positioning ends so that they align with the three sides of the end of the steel arch frame 300. When adjusting the three first positioning ends, the clutch structure 900 needs to be activated so that the first friction plate 960 of the clutch structure 900 moves away from the second friction plate 970. After adjustment, the three second positioning ends are then adjusted to meet the dimensions and spatial position of the connecting steel plate 600, causing the second positioning assembly 500 to move downwards until the connecting steel plate 600 aligns with the end of the steel arch frame 300. The second positioning assembly 500 and the first positioning assembly 200 are located at different heights. After positioning, the clutch structure 900 needs to be adjusted so that the first friction plate 960 of the clutch structure 900 is in contact with the second friction plate 970. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the second positioning component 500 is at the highest point. The positioning device is fixed on the steel arch frame 300 by the fastening clamping component 800. The adjustment of the first positioning component 200 can be done before the positioning device is set on the steel arch frame 300. First, measure the length and width of the end of the steel arch frame 300 and adjust the distance between the three first positioning ends according to its length and width so that the three first positioning ends are in contact with the three sides of the steel arch frame 300. When adjusting the first positioning end and the second positioning end, it is necessary to ensure that the center of the positioning of the two is consistent, so that the center of the end of the steel arch frame 300 and the center of the connecting steel plate 600 coincide in the horizontal direction to meet the assembly expectation. By rotating the drive assembly 700, the three first positioning ends can move outward and the three second positioning ends can drive the connecting steel plate 600 to move downward and fit against the end of the steel arch frame 300; wherein, the three first positioning ends move outward to make room for the three second positioning ends to drive the connecting steel plate 600 to move downward. Welding can be carried out after the connecting steel plate 600 is attached; the presence of resistance to the rotation of the drive component 700 after attachment can be used to determine whether the connecting steel plate 600 is attached to the end of the steel arch frame 300. After welding is completed, the drive assembly 700 is rotated in the opposite direction so that the second positioning assembly 500 is at the highest point; the highest point can be determined by whether the drive assembly 700 is obstructed from rotating; at this time, the three first positioning ends return to their original positions and fit against the ends of the steel arch frame 300. Then loosen the fastening clamping assembly 800 to remove the entire positioning device. After that, the end of the next steel arch frame 300 of the same specification can be welded. When welding the steel arch frame 300 of the same specification, no further adjustment is required.

[0021] In one embodiment, the outer frame 100 is C-shaped and includes a first longitudinal frame 110 and two first transverse frames 120 respectively disposed at both ends of the first longitudinal frame 110. The first positioning component 200 includes three first connecting rods 210. Two of the first connecting rods 210 are slidably connected to two first transverse frames 120 along the longitudinal direction, and the other first connecting rod 210 is slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame 110 along the transverse direction. The inner end of the first connecting rod 210 is provided with an "L"-shaped positioning block 220 for positioning the outer side and upper end of the steel arch frame 300. The outer end of the first connecting rod 210 is provided with a first driving end. The inner frame 400 is C-shaped and includes a second longitudinal frame and two second transverse frames respectively disposed at both ends of the second longitudinal frame. The outer side of the second longitudinal frame is vertically slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame 110 and is provided with a second drive end. The second positioning component 500 includes three second connecting rods 510. Two of the second connecting rods 510 are slidably connected to two second transverse frames along the longitudinal direction, and the other second connecting rod 510 is slidably connected to a second longitudinal frame along the transverse direction. The inner end of the second connecting rod 510 is provided with an "L"-shaped fixing block 520 for positioning the outer side and upper end of the connecting steel plate 600. The outer end of the second connecting rod 510 is provided with a third driving end.

[0022] It should be noted that the vertical height of the step dividing part of the "L"-shaped fixing block 520 is lower than the lowest point of the inner frame 400, so as to ensure that the inner frame 400 will not collide with the "L"-shaped fixing block 520 when it moves down to the lowest point, thereby avoiding obstructing the normal operation of the positioning device.

[0023] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2-5 As shown, the first positioning component 200 includes a first transmission rod 230, the inner end of the first transmission rod 230 is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of the first connecting rod 210, the first transmission rod 230 is coaxially provided with a first threaded part 231 for threaded connection around its own axis to the outer frame 100, and the outer end of the first transmission rod 230 is connected to a clutch structure 900. The first longitudinal frame 110 is rotatably connected to a lead screw 730 that is transmitted to the drive assembly 700. The outer part of the second longitudinal frame serves as a lead screw nut threadedly connected to the lead screw 730. When the lead screw 730 rotates, it drives the inner frame 400 to move vertically, thereby causing the third second positioning end to move the connecting steel plate 600 closer to or away from the end of the steel arch frame 300. The outer part of the second longitudinal frame is a horizontally extending plate. The inner wall of the first longitudinal frame 110 is provided with a strip-shaped sliding opening that connects to the interior and is adapted to the width of the plate. The plate can slide vertically within the strip-shaped sliding opening, and the lead screw 730 is actually threaded vertically connected to the plate. The second connecting rod 510 is located below the plate and is offset vertically to facilitate adjustment. The specific adjustment can be made according to the actual situation.

[0024] In one embodiment, the drive assembly 700 includes three rotating rods 710. One rotating rod 710 is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal frame 110 about the longitudinal direction, is driven to one end of a clutch structure 900, is driven to the lead screw 730, and has a handle 760 extending outward from the first longitudinal frame 110. The handle 760 can provide driving force to the entire positioning device. The other two rotating rods 710 are rotatably connected to the two first transverse frames 120 about the transverse direction and are driven to one end of the other two clutch structures 900 respectively. The two ends of the longitudinal rotating rod 710 are driven to one end of the two transverse rotating rods 710 respectively.

[0025] In one embodiment, the longitudinal rotating rod 710 is connected to the lead screw 730 via a worm gear mechanism 720. The longitudinal rotating rod 710 is connected to the transverse rotating rod 710 via the first bevel gear transmission mechanism 740; The rotating rod 710 is connected to one end of the clutch structure 900 via the second bevel gear transmission mechanism 750. The first transmission rod 230 is connected to the other end of the clutch structure 900 via a gear transmission mechanism.

[0026] It should be noted that the spatial arrangement of the drive assembly 700 can be referred to the figure, and will not be described in detail; in addition, the connecting brackets of each gear and rod are not shown, these are basic operations that can be achieved by those skilled in the art according to specific settings, and will not be described in detail.

[0027] It should be noted that the gear transmission mechanism includes a long toothed section 232 and a transmission tooth 990 located at the other end of the clutch structure 900. The transmission tooth 990 meshes with the long toothed section 232. The first transmission rod 230 is provided with a long toothed section 232 and a first threaded section 231 from the outside to the inside. Limiting plates are provided at both ends of the long toothed section 232 to prevent the transmission tooth 990 from disengaging from the long toothed section 232 due to excessive extension and retraction. Other parts can be adjusted in length to achieve the purpose of not disengaging from each other. The inner sides of the first longitudinal frame 110 and the two first transverse frames 120 are each provided with a first support cylinder. The outer side of the first support cylinder is provided with a third threaded part. The first threaded part 231 is threadedly connected to the third threaded part. When the first transmission rod 230 rotates, it can drive the "L"-shaped positioning block 220 to move inward or outward. The first connecting rod 210 is splinedly connected to the first support cylinder to ensure that the "L"-shaped positioning block 220 will not rotate, so as to ensure the spatial posture of the "L"-shaped positioning block 220. The inner end of the first transmission rod 230 is provided with a limiting block. The outer end of the first connecting rod 210 is threadedly connected with a pressing cover. The size of the limiting block is larger than that of the first threaded part 231. The pressing cover is inserted from the outside of the first threaded part 231 and tightened on the limiting block to form a rotatable point. The inner diameter of the limiting part of the pressing cover is the same as the diameter of the first threaded part 231. The outer end of the first transmission rod 230 is provided with a detachable handle to facilitate the insertion of the pressing cover. Furthermore, the sliding drive conditions at the second connecting rod 510 and the second transmission rod 530 are the same as those at the second connecting rod 510 and the second transmission rod 530, and will not be described again here.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the clutch structure 900 includes a first support shaft 910 and a second support shaft 980 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100, and the first support shaft 910 and the second support shaft 980 are coaxial. A sleeve 950 is coaxially splined to one end of the first support shaft 910 near the second support shaft 980. A first friction plate 960 is coaxially fixed to one end of the sleeve 950 near the second support shaft 980. A second friction plate 970 is coaxially fixed to one end of the second support shaft 980 near the first support shaft 910. A transmission gear 990 is coaxially fixed to one end of the second support shaft 980 away from the first support shaft 910. The first friction plate 960 and the second friction plate 970 are driven by friction. The first support shaft 910 is parallel to the corresponding first connecting rod 210. The transmission gear 990 meshes with the elongated toothed portion 232 and will not disengage. A slide cylinder 920 is slidably connected coaxially to the outside of the first support shaft 910. The end of the sleeve 950 away from the first friction plate 960 is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder 920. A spring 930 is provided between the sleeve 950 and the slide cylinder 920 and is sleeved on the first support shaft 910. The sleeve 950 is not completely located inside the slide cylinder 920, and a part of it is pressed to the outside by the spring 930. The spring 930 mainly provides a preload force when the first friction plate 960 and the second friction plate 970 are in contact. A lever 940 is fixedly installed radially on the side wall of the slide cylinder 920; Three irregular grooves 130 are respectively provided through the first longitudinal frame 110 and the two first transverse frames 120. A lever 940 is provided in the irregular groove 130. The lever 940 can move along the path of the irregular groove 130 and make the first friction plate 960 approach or move away from the second friction plate 970, thereby realizing transmission or disconnection. Specifically, when the lever 940 moves along the path of the irregular groove 130 to one end of the irregular groove 130, the first friction plate 960 separates from the second friction plate 970; when the lever 940 moves along the path of the irregular groove 130 to the other end of the irregular groove 130, the first friction plate 960 adheres to the second friction plate 970.

[0029] It should be noted that the irregular groove 130 is divided into two horizontal sections and one transition section. The two horizontal sections are set perpendicular to the first support shaft 910. When the lever 940 is in one of the two different horizontal sections, it represents the contact and disengagement between the first friction plate 960 and the second friction plate 970, respectively. The transition section is a smooth straight section, which facilitates the sliding and changing position of the lever 940 between the two horizontal sections. The ratio of the length of the lever 940 to the inner diameter of the slide cylinder 920 should be as small as possible to avoid a situation like a pry bar due to an excessively long lever arm, thereby preventing the lever 940 from being unable to slide and drive the first friction plate 960 to move axially. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, when the lever 940 is in the left horizontal section, the first friction plate 960 and the second friction plate 970 are separated. At this time, the position of the first transmission rod 230 and the corresponding rod can be manually adjusted by rotation, and it will not be restricted by the drive assembly 700. When the lever 940 is in the right horizontal section, the first friction plate 960 and the second friction plate 970 are in contact, and the position of the first transmission rod 230 and the corresponding rod cannot be actively adjusted.

[0030] In one embodiment, the second positioning component 500 includes a second transmission rod 530, the inner end of which is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of the second connecting rod 510, and the second transmission rod 530 is coaxially provided with a second threaded portion for threaded connection around its own axis to the inner frame 400. The second longitudinal frame and the two second transverse frames are provided with a second support cylinder on their inner sides. The second support cylinder is provided with a fourth threaded part near the outer side. The second support cylinder is splined to the first connecting rod 210. The second threaded part is threaded to the fourth threaded part.

[0031] It should be noted that by rotating the second transmission rod 530, the positions of the three "L"-shaped fixing blocks 520 are adjusted so that they abut against and fix the steel plate 600. When adjusting the second transmission rod 530, it should be ensured as much as possible that the three "L"-shaped fixing blocks 520 can keep the center of the connecting steel plate 600 at the center of the inner frame 400, and the center of the inner frame 400 is set to be consistent with the center of the outer frame 100. In addition, one side of the first threaded part 231 and the second threaded part is a flat surface, which can be marked with a scale. This scale can indicate the distance between the connection point of the "L"-shaped positioning block 220 and the "L"-shaped fixing block 520 and the center position. After the adjustment is completed, this distance can indicate half of the length and width of the end of the steel arch frame 300 and the connecting steel plate 600. This scale can greatly reduce the adjustment complexity. The scale is set on the observable side of the entire corresponding rod. The scale rotates with the rotation of the rod. The entire positioning device does not have a completely obstructed surface, so it is observable.

[0032] In one embodiment, an L-shaped fixing block 520 is provided with a magnet, which can attract the connecting steel plate 600 through the magnetism of the magnet to prevent the connecting steel plate 600 from falling off.

[0033] In one embodiment, the fastening clamping assembly 800 includes two support frames 810 that are symmetrically arranged at the lower ends of the two first transverse frames 120 and extend vertically. The two support frames 810 are threadedly connected in sequence with a plurality of longitudinally extending clamping rods 820 along the length direction. The inner end of the clamping rods 820 is provided with a rubber clamping sheet 830, which is used to abut against and clamp the surface of the steel arch frame 300.

[0034] It should be noted that since the steel arch frame 300 is curved, multiple clamping rods 820 are required to achieve clamping. In order to prevent it from deflecting, multiple rows of clamping rods 820 can be set along the length of the first transverse frame 120, that is, several rows of clamping rods 820 can be set in the transverse direction to prevent the steel arch frame 300 from deflecting left and right, thereby achieving a better clamping effect.

[0035] The present invention also provides a positioning method, which utilizes a positioning device for a tunnel steel arch frame and a connecting steel plate, and includes the following steps: Debugging: Move the three levers 940 to the "disconnect" position; measure the dimensions of the end of the steel arch frame 300 and the connecting steel plate 600; rotate the three first transmission rods 230 to make the "L"-shaped positioning block 220 meet the dimensions of the end of the steel arch frame 300; rotate the three second transmission rods 530 to adjust the positional relationship of the three "L"-shaped fixing blocks 520 to meet the dimensions of the connecting steel plate 600; during this adjustment, the center of the connecting steel plate 600 and the end of the steel arch frame 300 must be on the same vertical line, and the inner frame 400 and its second positioning component 500 must be at the highest point; then move the levers 940 back to the "engaged" position. Usage: Place the positioning device on the end of the steel arch frame 300 of the same specification to be welded, so that the three "L"-shaped positioning blocks 220 respectively fit against the three outer sides of the end of the steel arch frame 300; tighten the clamping rod 820 to securely hold the frame of the steel arch frame 300; rotate the handle 760 in the forward direction, the drive assembly 700 drives the second positioning assembly 500 to move down to fit the connecting steel plate 600 against the end face of the steel arch frame 300, and at the same time drives the first positioning assembly 200 to move outward to make room for welding; then, weld the end of the steel arch frame 300 to the connecting steel plate 600. Reset and disassembly: After welding is completed, rotate the handle 760 in the opposite direction to raise the second positioning component 500 and move the first positioning component 200 inward to reset; loosen the clamping rod 820 and remove the positioning device.

[0036] In summary, this invention achieves automated collaborative positioning with high precision and efficiency. Specifically, through integrated mechanical linkage design, only one handle 760 needs to be operated to simultaneously complete the vertical lowering of the connecting steel plate 600 and the horizontal movement of the three "L"-shaped positioning blocks 220. This coordinated action ensures that the connecting steel plate 600 can accurately and smoothly reach the predetermined welding position, while the first positioning component 200 automatically makes way for the welding operation space, completely changing the traditional manual alignment and electric welding operation mode, and greatly improving positioning accuracy and welding operation efficiency. This invention is easy to debug and can be adapted to batch operations. Specifically, the positioning device is equipped with a disengageable clutch structure 900. During the initial debugging stage, after the transmission is disconnected, the positions of the clamping points on the three "L"-shaped positioning blocks 220 and the three "L"-shaped fixing blocks 520 can be adjusted independently and manually to accurately adapt to the dimensions of the end of the steel arch frame 300 and the connecting steel plate 600 of a specific specification. Once the debugging is completed, the clutch structure 900 is restored to the engaged state, and the positioning device becomes a special fixture for the steel arch frame 300 of that specification. It can be quickly and repeatedly applied to the welding operations of all subsequent steel arch frames 300 of the same specification. It can be used in batches after one debugging, reducing the auxiliary time for single-piece operations.

[0037] In the clutch structure 900 of the present invention, the engagement and disengagement of the transmission can be conveniently achieved by moving the lever 940 in the irregular groove 130, which clearly separates the two stages of debugging and use, and makes the operation intuitive and simple. This invention enables self-locking and precise transmission. Specifically, the drive assembly 700 uses a worm gear mechanism 720 to drive the inner frame 400, which has good self-locking performance and can prevent the connecting steel plate 600 from sliding down under gravity or accidental conditions, thus ensuring positioning stability. At the same time, the power is distributed through a bevel gear transmission mechanism, making the transmission precise and reliable.

[0038] The present invention features auxiliary scales that are securely fixed. Specifically, scales are provided at key adjustment threaded sections such as the first threaded section 231 and the second threaded section, which helps to quickly and accurately record and reproduce debugging parameters, further improving the consistency of batch operations. The clamping rod 820 with a rubber clamping plate 830 at the lower part of the positioning device can securely clamp the entire positioning device onto the curved steel arch frame 300 to prevent the positioning device from shifting during welding, thereby ensuring the stability of the welding process.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0040] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A positioning device for a tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate, characterized in that, include: Outer frame (100); The first positioning component (200) is mounted on the outer frame (100). The first positioning component (200) is provided with three first positioning ends for positioning the three outer sides of the end of the steel arch frame (300) respectively. The first positioning component (200) is provided with three first driving ends for driving the three first positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. An inner frame (400) is vertically slidably connected to the outer frame (100) by a driven second drive end; The second positioning component (500) is mounted on the inner frame (400). The second positioning component (500) is provided with three second positioning ends for clamping and positioning the three outer sides of the connecting steel plate (600) respectively. The second positioning component (500) is provided with three third driving ends for driving the three second positioning ends to move inward and outward respectively. The positioning center of the three second positioning ends is located directly above the positioning center of the three first positioning ends. A drive assembly (700) is connected to the three first drive ends via three clutch structures (900), and the drive assembly (700) is also connected to the second drive end. A fastening clamping assembly (800) is disposed below the outer frame (100) and is used to fasten and clamp the frame body of the steel arch frame (300).

2. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer frame (100) includes a first longitudinal frame (110) and two first transverse frames (120) respectively disposed at both ends of the first longitudinal frame (110). The first positioning component (200) includes three first connecting rods (210). Two of the first connecting rods (210) are slidably connected to the two first transverse frames (120) along the longitudinal direction, and the other first connecting rod (210) is slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame (110) along the transverse direction. The inner end of the first connecting rod (210) is provided with an "L"-shaped positioning block (220) for positioning the outer side and upper end of the steel arch frame (300). The outer end of the first connecting rod (210) is provided with a first driving end. The inner frame (400) includes a second longitudinal frame and two second transverse frames respectively disposed at both ends of the second longitudinal frame. The outer side of the second longitudinal frame is vertically slidably connected to the first longitudinal frame (110) and is provided with a second drive end. The second positioning component (500) includes three second connecting rods (510). Two of the second connecting rods (510) are slidably connected to two second transverse frames along the longitudinal direction, and the other second connecting rod (510) is slidably connected to the second longitudinal frame along the transverse direction. The inner end of the second connecting rod (510) is provided with an "L"-shaped fixing block (520) for positioning the outer side and upper end of the connecting steel plate (600). The outer end of the second connecting rod (510) is provided with a third driving end.

3. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first positioning component (200) includes a first transmission rod (230), the inner end of the first transmission rod (230) is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of the first connecting rod (210), the first transmission rod (230) is coaxially provided with a first threaded portion (231) for threaded connection around its own axis to the outer frame (100), and the outer end of the first transmission rod (230) is connected to the clutch structure (900). The first longitudinal frame (110) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (730) that is connected to the drive assembly (700) for transmission, and the outer side of the second longitudinal frame serves as a lead screw nut that is threadedly connected to the lead screw (730).

4. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly (700) includes three rotating rods (710). One rotating rod (710) is rotatably connected in the first longitudinal frame (110) about the longitudinal direction, and is drivenly connected to one end of a clutch structure (900) and to the lead screw (730). The other two rotating rods (710) are rotatably connected in the first transverse frame (120) about the transverse direction and are drivenly connected to one end of the other two clutch structures (900). The two ends of the longitudinal rotating rod (710) are drivenly connected to one end of the two transverse rotating rods (710).

5. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal rotating rod (710) is connected to the lead screw (730) via a worm gear mechanism (720); and / or The longitudinal rotating rod (710) is connected to the transverse rotating rod (710) via a first bevel gear transmission mechanism (740); and / or The rotating rod (710) is connected to one end of the clutch structure (900) via a second bevel gear transmission mechanism (750); and / or The first transmission rod (230) is connected to the other end of the clutch structure (900) via a gear transmission mechanism.

6. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The clutch structure (900) includes a first support shaft (910) and a second support shaft (980) rotatably connected to the outer frame (100), and the first support shaft (910) and the second support shaft (980) are coaxial; The first support shaft (910) is coaxially splined to a sleeve (950) at one end near the second support shaft (980), and a first friction plate (960) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve (950) near the second support shaft (980), and a second friction plate (970) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the second support shaft (980) near the first support shaft (910). A slide cylinder (920) is slidably connected coaxially to the outside of the first support shaft (910). The end of the sleeve (950) away from the first friction plate (960) is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder (920). A spring (930) sleeved on the first support shaft (910) is provided between the sleeve (950) and the slide cylinder (920). A lever (940) is fixedly installed radially on the side wall of the slide cylinder (920). The outer frame (100) has three irregular grooves (130) through it, and the end of the lever (940) away from the slide cylinder (920) passes through the irregular groove (130); When the lever (940) moves along the path of the irregular groove (130) to one end of the irregular groove (130), the first friction plate (960) separates from the second friction plate (970); when the lever (940) moves along the path of the irregular groove (130) to the other end of the irregular groove (130), the first friction plate (960) adheres to the second friction plate (970).

7. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second positioning component (500) includes a second transmission rod (530), the inner end of which is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer end of the second connecting rod (510), and the second transmission rod (530) is coaxially provided with a second threaded portion for threaded connection around its own axis to the inner frame (400).

8. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that, A magnet is installed inside the "L"-shaped fixing block (520).

9. The positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening clamping assembly (800) includes two support frames (810) symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the outer frame (100) and extending vertically. The two support frames (810) are connected in sequence with a number of horizontally extending clamping rods (820) along the length direction. The inner end of the clamping rod (820) is provided with a rubber clamping sheet (830).

10. A positioning method, utilizing the positioning device for the tunnel steel arch frame and connecting steel plate as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Adjust the three clutch structures (900) to the disengaged state; adjust the positioning dimensions and positioning centers of the three first positioning ends through the three first drive ends, and adjust the positioning dimensions and positioning centers of the three second positioning ends through the three third drive ends, so that the positioning dimensions of the three first positioning ends match the end dimensions of the steel arch frame (300) and the positioning dimensions of the three second positioning ends match the dimensions of the connecting steel plate (600), and make the positioning centers of the three second positioning ends located directly above the positioning centers of the three first positioning ends; move the second positioning component (500) to a high position along with the inner frame (400) through the second drive end; then adjust the three clutch structures (900) to the engaged state; The connecting steel plate (600) is clamped and positioned between the three second positioning ends; the positioning device is sleeved on the end of the steel arch frame (300) so that the three first positioning ends respectively fit against the three outer sides of the end of the steel arch frame (300); the frame body of the steel arch frame (300) is clamped and secured by the clamping assembly (800); the connecting steel plate (600) clamped and positioned by the second positioning assembly (500) is driven to move down to fit against the end face of the steel arch frame (300) through the first driving end or the second driving end, and the three first positioning ends are driven to move outward simultaneously; After the steel arch frame (300) and the connecting steel plate (600) are welded together, the three second positioning ends are driven to move outward through the third driving end; the second positioning component (500) is driven to move upward through the first driving end or the second driving end, and the three first positioning ends are driven to move inward simultaneously. The fastening clamping assembly (800) releases the clamping steel arch frame (300) from the frame body, and then removes the positioning device.

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