Multi-station drilling and tapping machine and collaborative machining control method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of drilling and tapping processing equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-station drilling and tapping machine and a collaborative processing control method thereof, comprising a rack, an electric control box, a feeding mechanism, a transfer mechanism and a drilling and tapping mechanism. The drilling and tapping mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a drilling and tapping assembly and a drilling and tapping jig. The multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided by the application integrates the functions of workpiece clamping and transfer and pressing and positioning through the transfer mechanism, effectively reduces the production cost, assembly difficulty and later maintenance and repair cost of the equipment; meanwhile, the transfer mechanism completes the clamping, transfer and pressing and positioning of multiple workpieces at one time, without the need for repeated clamping and positioning after single processing, completely solves the process lag problem of traditional equipment that needs to clamp and position again after each discharging, greatly shortens the processing auxiliary time, realizes continuous and uninterrupted batch processing of workpieces, effectively improves the overall processing efficiency of the drilling and tapping process of sleeve-shaped parts, and adapts to large-scale batch production requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of drilling and tapping equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-station drilling and tapping machine. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling and tapping machines are commonly used automated equipment in the machining field, mainly used for precision machining processes such as drilling and tapping of workpieces. They are widely used in the batch processing of sleeve-shaped parts such as bushings, shaft sleeves, and bushings in industries such as automotive parts, hardware accessories, precision machinery, and 3C electronics. With the development of automation, precision, and efficiency in manufacturing, the market demands for machining accuracy, production efficiency, and equipment stability of sleeve-shaped parts are continuously increasing. Traditional multi-station drilling and tapping machines have some shortcomings in actual processing and are difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0003] When machining sleeve-shaped parts, existing traditional multi-station drilling and tapping machines require two independent mechanisms—a dedicated clamping structure and a dedicated positioning structure—to ensure stability and machining accuracy. The positioning structure is only used for initial position calibration and limiting fixation of the sleeve-shaped part, while the clamping structure is solely responsible for clamping, loading, transferring, and unloading. These two mechanisms operate independently, each performing its own function, and cannot achieve functional integration. This split-structure design has the following drawbacks: First, the large number of components and the redundant and complex structure significantly increase assembly difficulty, manufacturing costs, and maintenance costs. The overlapping operation of multiple mechanisms also increases the equipment's failure rate and reduces overall operational stability. Second, the precise timing of the two independent mechanisms requires cumbersome debugging processes and poor adaptability to different parts. When machining sleeve-shaped parts of different specifications, the positioning and clamping structures must be debugged separately, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-station drilling and tapping machine and its collaborative processing control method, aiming to solve the technical problems of traditional multi-station drilling and tapping machines in the prior art, such as structural redundancy, high failure rate, cumbersome debugging, and low processing efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a frame, an electrical control box, a feeding mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a drilling and tapping mechanism. The electrical control box is fixed to the frame and electrically connected to the feeding mechanism, the transfer mechanism, and the drilling and tapping mechanism respectively. The feeding mechanism is located on one side of the frame, the transfer mechanism is located on the frame and on one side of the drilling and tapping mechanism, and the drilling and tapping mechanism is located on the frame. A movable slot is provided on the frame, and the transfer mechanism is movably located in the movable slot. The transfer mechanism clamps and feeds the workpiece from the feeding mechanism to the drilling and tapping mechanism and presses and positions the workpiece. The drilling and tapping mechanism includes a drive assembly, a drilling and tapping assembly, and a drilling and tapping fixture. The drive assembly is fixed to the frame, and three drilling and tapping assemblies are provided and evenly fixed to the drive assembly. The number of drilling and tapping fixtures is the same as the number of drilling and tapping assemblies, and they are also evenly fixed to the frame. The drilling and tapping assemblies are located on one side of the drilling and tapping fixture, and the drilling and tapping assemblies and the drilling and tapping fixture are arranged on the same straight line.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive screw, a drive bearing, a drive nut, a drive plate, a drive slider, and a drive slide rail. The drive motor is fixed to the frame and electrically connected to the electrical control box. The drive screw is fixed to the drive motor and passes through the drive bearing, which is fixed to the frame. The drive nut is threaded to the drive screw. The drive plate is fixed to the drive nut and the drive slider, respectively. The drive slider is slidably connected to the drive slide rail, which is fixed to the frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the drilling and tapping assembly includes a drilling and tapping spindle and a drilling and tapping cutter head. The drilling and tapping spindle is fixed to the drive plate and electrically connected to the electrical control box, and the drilling and tapping cutter head is fixed to the drilling and tapping spindle.

[0008] Furthermore, the drilling and tapping fixture includes a fixture body and a positioning platform. The fixture body is fixed to the frame, and the positioning platform is fixed to the fixture body. A clearance groove is provided on the side of the positioning platform near the drilling and tapping head. Both the fixture body and the positioning platform are cylindrical, and the diameter of the positioning platform is smaller than that of the fixture body. The center of the drilling and tapping head and the center of the clearance groove are on the same straight line.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding frame, a vibratory feeder, and a feeding seat. The feeding frame is disposed on one side of the machine frame, the vibratory feeder is fixed to the feeding frame and one end is disposed on the feeding seat, and the feeding seat is fixed to the machine frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the transfer mechanism includes a movable cylinder, a movable push plate, a movable frame, a movable slider, a movable slide rail, and transfer components. The movable cylinder is fixed to the bottom side of the frame and is fixedly connected to the movable push plate. The movable frame is fixed to the movable push plate and the movable slider respectively. The movable slider is slidably connected to the movable slide rail, and the movable slide rail is fixed to the frame. Three transfer components are provided and are evenly fixed to the movable frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the transfer assembly includes a transfer cylinder, a lifting plate, and a transfer suction cup. The transfer cylinder is fixed to the moving frame, the lifting plate is fixed to the transfer cylinder, and the transfer suction cup is fixed to the lifting plate. The center of the transfer suction cup and the center of the feeding seat are arranged on the same straight line.

[0012] Furthermore, the transfer suction cup is positioned above the positioning platform. When the center of one of the transfer suction cups coincides with the center of one of the positioning platforms, the centers of the other two transfer suction cups also coincide with the center of the positioning platform.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a collaborative machining control method for a multi-station drilling and tapping machine, the collaborative machining control method for the multi-station drilling and tapping machine including the following steps:

[0014] S1. Equipment initialization calibration: Power on the whole machine through the electrical control box to perform self-test, calibrate the operating reference positions of the feeding mechanism, transfer mechanism and drilling mechanism, and calibrate the coaxial coordination parameters of the three transfer suction cups, the three drilling and tapping heads and the three positioning tables to ensure that the other stations are synchronously aligned when a single axis coincides, and complete the equipment standby initialization.

[0015] S2. Automatic and orderly feeding: The vibratory feeder of the feeding mechanism continuously sorts and conveys the workpieces to be processed, accurately conveying each workpiece to the preset pick-up point of the feeding seat, completing the workpiece positioning and pick-up preparation.

[0016] S3. Synchronous material picking and clamping positioning: The electrical control box controls the operation of the transfer mechanism. The moving cylinder drives the moving frame to move horizontally to the material picking station. The three transfer cylinders extend synchronously, driving the corresponding lifting plate and transfer suction cup to move down and grab the workpiece in the feeding seat. After the grabbing is completed, the transfer suction cup maintains the adsorption and clamping state, and the transfer cylinder maintains the extended clamping posture, so that the workpiece is firmly clamped and positioned without loosening or displacement.

[0017] S4. Multi-station synchronous and precise alignment: The moving cylinder drives the moving frame carrying the pressed workpiece to move horizontally as a whole. Based on the coaxial structure of the equipment, when the center of any one transfer suction cup coincides with the center of the corresponding positioning table, the remaining two transfer suction cups are synchronously and precisely coaxially aligned with the corresponding positioning table, so that the three sets of pressed workpieces are aligned one by one with the processing area of ​​the three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures.

[0018] S5. Collaborative drilling and tapping operation under clamping state: After the workpiece is aligned, the transfer cylinder continues to maintain the downward clamping state, the electrical control box starts the drilling and tapping mechanism, the drive component drives the three drilling and tapping components to feed synchronously, and the three drilling and tapping heads perform drilling and tapping on the workpiece clamped and fixed below in the coaxial direction. The entire process relies on the clamping force of the transfer suction cup and the transfer cylinder to achieve workpiece processing and positioning, and prevents workpiece processing offset and shaking.

[0019] S6. Direct unloading after processing: After all workpieces have been drilled and tapped, the drilling and tapping assembly is reset and exits the processing area. The transfer cylinder retracts, driving the transfer suction cup and workpiece to rise. The completed workpiece is then directly carried away from the processing station by the moving cylinder, completing the automatic unloading. After unloading, the transfer mechanism is reset to the material picking station. The above process is repeated to achieve continuous collaborative drilling and tapping of workpieces.

[0020] The multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in this invention has at least one of the following technical effects:

[0021] The multi-station drilling and tapping machine and its collaborative processing control method provided in this application integrate the dual functions of workpiece clamping and transfer, and clamping and positioning through a transfer mechanism. This eliminates the need for separate dedicated clamping and positioning mechanisms, significantly reducing the number of overall equipment parts, simplifying the equipment assembly structure, and effectively lowering equipment manufacturing costs, assembly difficulty, and subsequent maintenance costs. Simultaneously, it reduces the number of failure points in the collaborative operation of multiple mechanisms, avoiding problems such as timing mismatch, mechanism interference, and positioning misalignment in split mechanisms, significantly improving the overall operational stability and service life of the equipment, and reducing the equipment failure rate. Furthermore, the transfer mechanism completes the clamping, transfer, and clamping / positioning of multiple workpieces in one operation, eliminating the need for repeated clamping and recalibration after each processing cycle. This completely solves the problem of process delays caused by the need for re-clamping and repositioning after each unloading in traditional equipment, significantly shortening processing auxiliary time, enabling continuous and uninterrupted batch processing of workpieces, effectively improving the overall processing efficiency of drilling and tapping processes for sleeve-shaped parts, and adapting to the needs of large-scale batch production. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2This is a perspective view of the transfer mechanism of a multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the drilling and tapping fixture for a multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the drive assembly and drilling assembly of the multi-station drilling and tapping machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0028] 1. Frame; 2. Electrical control box; 3. Feeding mechanism; 4. Transfer mechanism; 5. Drive assembly; 6. Drilling and tapping assembly; 7. Drilling and tapping fixture;

[0029] 40. Moving cylinder; 41. Moving push plate; 42. Moving frame; 43. Moving slider; 44. Moving slide rail; 45. Transfer cylinder; 46. Lifting plate; 47. Transfer suction cup;

[0030] 11. Movable slot;

[0031] 31. Feeding rack; 32. Vibratory feeder; 33. Feeding seat;

[0032] 51. Drive motor; 52. Drive screw; 53. Drive bearing; 54. Drive plate; 55. Drive slide rail;

[0033] 61. Drilling and tapping spindle; 62. Drilling and tapping tool;

[0034] 71. Fixture body; 72. Positioning table;

[0035] 721. Clearance groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, a multi-station drilling and tapping machine and its collaborative processing control method are provided, specifically for batch drilling and tapping precision machining of sleeve-shaped parts. The machine includes a frame 1, an electrical control box 2, a feeding mechanism 3, a transfer mechanism 4, and a drilling and tapping mechanism. The electrical control box 2 is fixed inside the side wall of the frame 1 and integrates core electrical control components such as a PLC controller, servo drive module, timing control module, and wiring module. The electrical control box 2 is electrically connected to the feeding mechanism 3, the transfer mechanism 4, and the drilling and tapping mechanism, realizing fully automated timing control, parameter adjustment, and fault monitoring of the entire equipment.

[0041] The feeding mechanism 3 is installed on the left side of the frame 1 to realize the automatic sorting and continuous feeding of sleeve-shaped workpieces. Specifically, it includes a feeding rack 31, a vibratory feeder 32, and a feeding seat 33. The vibratory feeder 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the feeding rack 31, with its discharge end aligned with the feeding seat 33. The feeding seat 33 is fixedly embedded in the left end table of the frame 1. A limiting slot matching the sleeve-shaped workpiece is provided in the middle of the feeding seat 33, which can temporarily limit and fix the workpiece after discharge, ensuring the uniform position of the workpiece in its waiting state and providing a benchmark for subsequent precise transfer. The vibration frequency of the vibratory feeder 32 is controlled by the electrical control box 2 to achieve orderly, continuous, and automatic discharge of sleeve-shaped workpieces, avoiding workpiece stacking, jamming, and misalignment problems. The vibratory feeder 32 can be a JY-200 precision hardware sleeve vibratory feeder 32.

[0042] The frame 1 has a horizontally arranged movable slot 11 in the middle. The transfer mechanism 4 is movably installed inside the movable slot 11 and can slide horizontally back and forth along the movable slot 11 to realize the precise transfer of the workpiece from the feeding mechanism 3 to the drilling and tapping mechanism. The transfer mechanism 4 specifically includes a movable cylinder 40, a movable push plate 41, a movable frame 42, a movable slider 43, a movable slide rail 44, and three sets of evenly arranged transfer components. The movable cylinder 40 is fixed to the middle of the bottom side of the frame 1 by bolts. The telescopic end of the movable cylinder 40 is fixedly connected to the middle of the movable push plate 41, which can drive the movable push plate 41 to move laterally back and forth. Two sets of movable slide rails 44 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the movable slot 11 on the table surface of the frame 1. Each set of movable slide rails 44 is slidably equipped with a movable slider 43. The bottom ends of the movable frame 42 are fixedly connected to the two movable sliders 43 respectively. The bottom middle of the movable frame 42 is fixedly connected to the movable push plate 41. Through the telescopic drive of the movable cylinder 40, the movable push plate 41, movable frame 42, and movable slider 43 are driven to slide smoothly along the movable slide rails 44. The sliding process is smooth and without jamming or deviation, ensuring the accuracy of the transfer displacement.

[0043] Three sets of transfer components are evenly and uniformly fixed to the top of the moving frame 42, corresponding one-to-one with the three subsequent drilling and tapping stations. Each set of transfer components includes a transfer cylinder 45, a lifting plate 46, and a transfer suction cup 47. The transfer cylinder 45 is vertically fixed to the top of the moving frame 42, with its telescopic end facing upwards and fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 46. The transfer suction cup 47 is fixedly installed at the top center of the lifting plate 46. The transfer suction cup 47 adopts a vacuum suction cup structure, suitable for adsorbing and fixing the end face of cylindrical workpieces, ensuring stable adsorption without damaging the workpiece surface. In the initial state, the center of the transfer suction cup 47 is coaxially aligned with the center of the feeding seat 33, ensuring accurate and consistent position for each adsorption and material retrieval.

[0044] The drilling and tapping mechanism is fixedly installed on the right side of the frame 1, behind the transfer mechanism 4. It is the core execution structure for workpiece drilling and tapping, including a drive assembly 5, three sets of drilling and tapping assemblies 6, and three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures 7. The drive assembly 5 is the feed drive structure for the drilling and tapping assembly 6, including a drive motor 51, a drive screw 52, ​​a drive bearing 53, a drive nut, a drive plate 54, a drive slider, and a drive slide rail 55. The drive motor 51 is a servo motor, fixed to the rear right side of the frame 1, and electrically connected to the control box 2. It can precisely control the speed and feed stroke. The drive screw 52 is horizontally arranged, with one end fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 51, and the other end fixedly inserted into the drive bearing 53. The drive bearing 53 is embedded and fixed in the bearing seat of the frame 1, providing support and limiting for the drive screw 52, ​​ensuring its smooth rotation. The drive nut is threaded onto the outside of the drive screw 52, ​​with its top fixedly connected to the bottom middle of the drive plate 54. Drive sliders are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the drive plate 54, and a drive slide rail 55 matching the drive slider is fixed on the table surface of the frame 1. The drive slider slides are slidably engaged with the drive slide rail 55. When the drive motor 51 operates, it drives the drive screw 52 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive nut to move axially along the drive screw 52 through threaded transmission. This, in turn, drives the drive plate 54 and the drive slider to slide smoothly back and forth along the drive slide rail 55, achieving precise feed and reset of the drilling and tapping assembly 6.

[0045] Three sets of drilling and tapping assemblies 6 are evenly and uniformly fixed on the top of the drive plate 54, and move synchronously with the drive plate 54. Each set of drilling and tapping assemblies 6 includes a drilling and tapping spindle 61 and a drilling and tapping head 62. The drilling and tapping spindle 61 is vertically fixed to the drive plate 54 and electrically connected to the electrical control box 2, enabling high-speed rotation start and stop control. The drilling and tapping head 62 is detachably fixed to the bottom end of the drilling and tapping spindle 61, and can be quickly replaced according to the workpiece's machining hole diameter and thread specification to adapt to different machining needs. The drilling and tapping spindle 61 can be a Haozhi Electromechanical DGZX-10030 / 6.0 high-speed drilling and tapping electric spindle.

[0046] Three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures 7 correspond one-to-one with three sets of drilling and tapping components 6, and are evenly fixed to the table surface of the machine frame 1, located directly below the drilling and tapping components 6. Each set of drilling and tapping fixtures 7 includes a fixture body 71 and a positioning table 72. The fixture body 71 is fixed to the table surface of the machine frame 1 and has an overall cylindrical structure, which is stable and has strong load-bearing capacity. The positioning table 72 is coaxially fixed to the top of the fixture body 71. The diameter of the positioning table 72 is smaller than the diameter of the fixture body 71, which is suitable for the installation of cylindrical workpieces. An avoidance groove 721 is opened at the center of the top of the positioning table 72 near the drill and tapping head 62. The avoidance groove 721 is a circular groove structure used to avoid the feed stroke of the drill and tapping head 62, preventing the head from colliding with the fixture, and ensuring that the workpiece processing position is unobstructed. The center of the drill and tapping head 62 and the center of the avoidance groove 721 are always kept coaxial to ensure processing accuracy.

[0047] In this embodiment, the spacing of the three sets of transfer components, the three sets of drilling and tapping components 6, and the three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures 7 are perfectly matched. When the transfer mechanism 4 slides to the processing station with the moving cylinder 40, the three sets of transfer suction cups 47 can simultaneously correspond to the three sets of positioning tables 72, and the center of all transfer suction cups 47 is completely coincident with the center of the corresponding positioning table 72, so as to realize multi-station synchronous alignment and synchronous clamping positioning.

[0048] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also includes a multi-station drilling and tapping machine collaborative processing control method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Equipment initialization: Complete the equipment parameter debugging through the electrical control box 2, calibrate the coaxial accuracy, sliding stroke, and cylinder extension stroke of each mechanism, and put the equipment into standby mode.

[0050] S2. Automatic feeding: The vibratory feeder 32 starts working and orderly transports the internally stacked sleeve-shaped workpieces to the feeding seat 33. The feeding seat 33 limits and fixes the workpieces, completing the preparation for material waiting.

[0051] S3. Synchronous material handling: The initial position of the transfer mechanism 4 is aligned with the feeding mechanism 3. The transfer cylinder 45 is activated and extended, driving the lifting plate 46 and the transfer suction cup 47 to descend. The transfer suction cup 47 adsorbs and fixes the sleeve-shaped workpiece in the feeding seat 33. Then the transfer cylinder 45 is reset and raised to complete the automatic material handling.

[0052] S4. Precise Transfer and Clamping Positioning: The moving cylinder 40 is activated, driving the moving frame 42 to slide smoothly along the moving slide rail 44, which drives the three sets of transfer components and the adsorbed workpieces to move synchronously to the work position above the drilling and tapping mechanism, so that the three sets of workpieces correspond to the positioning tables 72 of the three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures 7 respectively; then the transfer cylinder 45 extends again, driving the workpiece to descend, and the sleeve-shaped workpiece is placed on the outside of the positioning table 72. The downward pressure of the transfer suction cup 47 tightly clamps and fixes the workpiece to the top surface of the positioning table 72, completing the precise positioning and clamping fixation of the workpiece without the need for additional positioning and clamping mechanisms.

[0053] S5. Multi-station synchronous drilling and tapping: The drive motor 51 starts, the drive screw 52 rotates and drives the drive plate 54 to move forward, so that the three sets of drilling and tapping components 6 feed synchronously. The drilling and tapping spindle 61 drives the drilling and tapping head 62 to rotate at high speed, passing through the clearance groove 721 to drill and tap the sleeve-shaped workpiece that is clamped and positioned below; multi-station synchronous operation, completing the drilling and tapping process of three workpieces at one time.

[0054] S6. Reset and continuous processing: After a batch of workpieces is processed, the drilling and tapping assembly 6 is reset and retracted with the drive plate 54. The transfer cylinder 45 rises and drives the processed workpiece to leave the positioning table 72. The moving cylinder 40 drives the transfer mechanism 4 to reset to the feeding station, completes the unloading, and simultaneously grabs a new workpiece to be processed, and enters the next processing cycle. The whole process is continuous and uninterrupted.

[0055] Throughout the entire processing, the electrical control box 2 provides unified control over the timing of each mechanism's actions, ensuring precise linkage between feeding, picking, transferring, positioning, processing, and resetting processes. There is no waiting time between processes, no interference between mechanisms, and no positioning deviation, enabling automated, high-precision, and high-efficiency batch processing of sleeve-shaped workpieces.

[0056] This invention integrates clamping and positioning functions through the transfer mechanism 4, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing failure points; through the three-station synchronous processing structure, it eliminates the tedious process of repeated clamping and positioning, greatly improving processing efficiency; and through the coaxial precision positioning structure, it effectively solves the problem of cumulative positioning error, significantly improving processing accuracy and product qualification rate.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, an electrical control box, a feeding mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a drilling and tapping mechanism. The electrical control box is fixed to the frame and electrically connected to the feeding mechanism, the transfer mechanism, and the drilling and tapping mechanism, respectively. The feeding mechanism is located on one side of the frame, the transfer mechanism is located on the frame and on one side of the drilling and tapping mechanism, and the drilling and tapping mechanism is located on the frame. The frame is provided with a movable slot, and the transfer mechanism is movably disposed in the movable slot; The transfer mechanism clamps the workpiece on the feeding mechanism and feeds it to the drilling and tapping mechanism, and presses and positions the workpiece. The drilling and tapping mechanism includes a drive assembly, a drilling and tapping assembly, and a drilling and tapping fixture. The drive assembly is fixed to the frame. There are three drilling and tapping assemblies, which are evenly fixed to the drive assembly. There are also three drilling and tapping fixtures, which are evenly fixed to the frame. The drilling and tapping assemblies are located on one side of the drilling and tapping fixture, and the drilling and tapping assemblies and the drilling and tapping fixture are arranged on the same straight line.

2. The multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive screw, a drive bearing, a drive nut, a drive plate, a drive slider, and a drive slide rail. The drive motor is fixed to the frame and electrically connected to the electrical control box. The drive screw is fixed to the drive motor and passes through the drive bearing, which is fixed to the frame. The drive nut is threaded to the drive screw. The drive plate is fixed to the drive nut and the drive slider, respectively. The drive slider is slidably connected to the drive slide rail, which is fixed to the frame.

3. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling and tapping assembly includes a drilling and tapping spindle and a drilling and tapping cutter head. The drilling and tapping spindle is fixed to the drive plate and electrically connected to the electrical control box. The drilling and tapping cutter head is fixed to the drilling and tapping spindle.

4. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drilling and tapping fixture includes a fixture body and a positioning platform. The fixture body is fixed to the frame, and the positioning platform is fixed to the fixture body. A clearance groove is provided on the side of the positioning platform near the drilling and tapping head. Both the fixture body and the positioning platform are cylindrical, and the diameter of the positioning platform is smaller than that of the fixture body. The center of the drilling and tapping head and the center of the clearance groove are on the same straight line.

5. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a feeding frame, a vibratory feeder, and a feeding seat. The feeding frame is disposed on one side of the machine frame, the vibratory feeder is fixed to the feeding frame and one end is disposed on the feeding seat, and the feeding seat is fixed to the machine frame.

6. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transfer mechanism includes a movable cylinder, a movable push plate, a movable frame, a movable slider, a movable slide rail, and transfer components. The movable cylinder is fixed to the bottom side of the frame and is fixedly connected to the movable push plate. The movable frame is fixed to the movable push plate and the movable slider respectively. The movable slider is slidably connected to the movable slide rail, and the movable slide rail is fixed to the frame. Three transfer components are provided and are evenly fixed to the movable frame.

7. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transfer assembly includes a transfer cylinder, a lifting plate, and a transfer suction cup. The transfer cylinder is fixed to the movable frame, the lifting plate is fixed to the transfer cylinder, and the transfer suction cup is fixed to the lifting plate. The center of the transfer suction cup and the center of the feeding seat are arranged on the same straight line.

8. A multi-station drilling and tapping machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transfer suction cup is positioned above the positioning platform. When the center of one of the transfer suction cups coincides with the center of one of the positioning platforms, the centers of the other two transfer suction cups also coincide with the center of the positioning platform.

9. A collaborative machining control method for a multi-station drilling and tapping machine, based on the multi-station drilling and tapping machine of claim 8, characterized in that, The collaborative processing control method for the multi-station drilling and tapping machine includes the following steps: S1. Equipment initialization calibration: Power on the whole machine through the electrical control box to perform self-test, calibrate the operating reference positions of the feeding mechanism, transfer mechanism and drilling mechanism, and calibrate the coaxial coordination parameters of the three transfer suction cups, the three drilling and tapping heads and the three positioning tables to ensure that the other stations are synchronously aligned when a single axis coincides, and complete the equipment standby initialization. S2. Automatic and orderly feeding: The vibratory feeder of the feeding mechanism continuously sorts and conveys the workpieces to be processed, accurately conveying each workpiece to the preset pick-up point of the feeding seat, completing the workpiece positioning and pick-up preparation. S3. Synchronous material picking and clamping positioning: The electrical control box controls the operation of the transfer mechanism. The moving cylinder drives the moving frame to move horizontally to the material picking station. The three transfer cylinders extend synchronously, driving the corresponding lifting plate and transfer suction cup to move down and grab the workpiece in the feeding seat. After the grabbing is completed, the transfer suction cup maintains the adsorption and clamping state, and the transfer cylinder maintains the extended clamping posture, so that the workpiece is firmly clamped and positioned without loosening or displacement. S4. Multi-station synchronous and precise alignment: The moving cylinder drives the moving frame carrying the pressed workpiece to move horizontally as a whole. Based on the coaxial structure of the equipment, when the center of any one transfer suction cup coincides with the center of the corresponding positioning table, the remaining two transfer suction cups are synchronously and precisely coaxially aligned with the corresponding positioning table, so that the three sets of pressed workpieces are aligned one by one with the processing area of ​​the three sets of drilling and tapping fixtures. S5. Collaborative drilling and tapping operation under clamping state: After the workpiece is aligned, the transfer cylinder continues to maintain the downward clamping state, the electrical control box starts the drilling and tapping mechanism, the drive component drives the three drilling and tapping components to feed synchronously, and the three drilling and tapping heads perform drilling and tapping on the workpiece clamped and fixed below in the coaxial direction. The entire process relies on the clamping force of the transfer suction cup and the transfer cylinder to achieve workpiece processing and positioning, and prevents workpiece processing offset and shaking. S6. Direct unloading after processing: After all workpieces have been drilled and tapped, the drilling and tapping assembly is reset and exits the processing area. The transfer cylinder retracts, driving the transfer suction cup and workpiece to rise. The completed workpiece is then directly carried away from the processing station by the moving cylinder, completing the automatic unloading. After unloading, the transfer mechanism is reset to the material picking station. The above process is repeated to achieve continuous collaborative drilling and tapping of workpieces.

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