Drilling and milling mobile machining device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of machining, and provides a drilling and milling type mobile machining device.The drilling and milling type mobile machining device comprises a main shaft, a machining assembly and a pull-stud steel ball anti-disengagement mechanism; the drilling and milling type mobile machining device realizes quick replacement of a tool shank, improves the efficiency of tool replacement, solves the problems of complicated replacement operation and long time consumption of a traditional tool shank, avoids the failure caused by the loss or drop of a steel ball into the interior of equipment, guarantees the structural integrity of a tool shank locking mechanism and the usability when the tool shank is loaded next time, and improves the maintenance convenience and use reliability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining and provides a drilling and milling type moving machining device. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein are provided only as background information in connection with this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] When modifying or processing existing parts, it is often necessary to disassemble and disassemble the workpieces and place them on large equipment locomotives for processing. This has the disadvantages of complicated operation, long cycle, and low equipment utilization.

[0004] Taking the frame as an example, after the frame threads are damaged, the threaded holes need to be ground and welded. After welding, the frame needs to be hoisted to the frame processing production line for surface machining, drilling, tapping, and other tasks. This involves multiple processes, low efficiency, and low equipment utilization. Existing drilling machines and small milling machines lack fixed positions, and the tool holder diameter is limited by the existing locomotives, making it impossible to use large-specification tools for machining. When machining in the horizontal direction, existing small manipulators cannot meet the drilling and milling requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a drilling and milling type mobile machining device to solve the defects of cumbersome machining processes and complex operations in related technologies.

[0006] This invention provides a drilling and milling type moving machining device, including a spindle and a machining assembly, wherein the machining assembly includes a tool holder, a tool holder pull stud, and a pull stud steel ball; A pull rod is provided inside the main shaft, and the pull rod is connected to a pull rod locking nut and a pull rod locking spring. The pull stud steel ball is installed above the pull rod. After the pull rod locking nut is loosened, the pull rod locking spring pushes the pull rod downward, and the pull pin steel ball locks the groove of the tool holder pull pin by cooperating with the inner wall of the spindle; After tightening the locking nut of the pull rod, the pull rod moves upward, the steel ball of the pull stud pops outward, and the pull stud of the knife handle is released; The drilling and milling type moving machining device also includes a pull stud steel ball anti-dislodgement mechanism, which includes an anti-dislodgement guide post, a positioning screw and a spring. During the process of the tool holder pull stud retraction, the anti-dislodgement guide post is filled forward to fill the original position of the tool holder pull stud under the action of the spring to prevent the pull stud steel ball from dislodging. The positioning screw limits the movement distance of the anti-dislodgement guide post.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, during the withdrawal process of the tool holder pull stud, the pull stud ball is pushed outward and passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud to withdraw the tool holder.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder is a BT30 tool holder with a taper of 7:24.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprising a tapered sleeve, an inner guide cylinder, a needle roller bearing, a rolling bearing, a copper sleeve, a rear bearing housing, and a bearing mandrel; The needle roller bearing and the rolling bearing support the main shaft. The tapered sleeve is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and the copper sleeve is installed at the rear end of the main shaft. The copper sleeve is taperedly fitted with the inner guide cylinder to eliminate the wobble clearance of the main shaft.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a drive assembly, the drive assembly including a drive motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a timing belt; The drive motor transmits rotational torque to the main shaft through the driving step pulley, the synchronous belt, and the driven step pulley, and adjusts the speed of the main shaft by adjusting the speed of the drive motor.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly further includes a spindle feed stepper motor, a reducer, a bracket, a guide cylinder, a bearing, a bearing housing, and a ball screw; The spindle is mounted on a spindle support seat. The spindle feed stepper motor drives the ball screw through the reducer to move the spindle support seat, thereby controlling the drilling depth and milling depth.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a base is also included, the base comprising a replaceable horizontal machining base and a vertical machining base, the horizontal machining base being used for horizontal machining support and the vertical machining base being used for vertical machining support, so as to realize horizontal and vertical machining operations respectively using the same machining device.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a double-layer guide rail, the double-layer guide rail including a primary guide rail seat, a guide rail bearing support seat, a secondary guide rail seat, a primary guide rail lead screw, and a secondary guide rail lead screw; The double-layer guide rail is connected to the base to enable movement in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the primary guide rail screw and / or the secondary guide rail screw is connected to a handwheel for manual movement, or connected to a servo motor for precise electric control, thereby realizing dual-layer manual and electric control.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal layout of the drilling and milling moving machining device adopts a gantry structure.

[0016] The drilling and milling mobile machining device provided by the present invention utilizes the cooperation of a pull rod locking nut, a pull rod locking spring, and a pull rod. The axial displacement of the pull rod drives the pull stud steel ball to achieve radial locking and releasing, simplifying the locking and releasing operation of the tool holder and ensuring reliable operation. The tool holder can be clamped and disassembled simply by tightening the pull rod locking nut, enabling rapid tool holder replacement and improving tool change efficiency. This solves the problems of cumbersome and time-consuming traditional tool holder replacement operations. After the pull rod locking nut is released, the pull rod locking spring automatically pushes the pull rod downwards, causing the pull stud steel ball to automatically lock the tool holder pull stud without the need for additional locking force. The elastic force of the spring can continuously maintain the locked state, ensuring that the tool holder will not loosen due to cutting vibration during drilling and milling operations. This high locking reliability ensures the safety of the machining process and the stability of machining accuracy. The pull stud steel ball locks the tool holder pull stud groove by mating with the inner wall of the spindle. The contact between the spherical surface of the steel ball and the arc surface of the groove ensures that the locking force is evenly distributed along the circumference. This uniform and symmetrical locking force on the tool holder pull stud avoids tool holder misalignment caused by single-point locking, improves the centering accuracy and connection rigidity of the tool holder, and ensures the coaxiality of the tool during rotation. Machining accuracy can be controlled to the 0.01 mm level. After the tool holder pull stud is removed, the pull stud steel ball anti-dislodgement mechanism, through the anti-dislodgement guide post under the action of a spring, fills the original position of the tool holder pull stud. This effectively prevents the pull stud steel ball from coming out of the steel ball mounting hole of the spindle after losing the constraint of the tool holder pull stud, avoiding malfunctions caused by the steel ball being lost or falling into the equipment. This ensures the structural integrity of the tool holder locking mechanism and its availability for the next tool loading, improving the ease of maintenance and reliability of the equipment. The positioning screw limits the movement distance of the anti-detachment guide post, which ensures that the anti-detachment guide post can fully fill the inner space of the steel ball, so that the pull stud steel ball is always confined within the mounting hole, and also prevents the anti-detachment guide post from moving too far forward and coming out. The structure is simple and reliable, and the anti-detachment function can be achieved without a complicated control mechanism, which reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of the drilling and milling mobile machining device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2This is another schematic perspective view of the drilling and milling mobile machining device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is another schematic perspective view of the drilling and milling mobile machining device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic bottom view of the drilling and milling mobile machining device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic perspective view of the anti-detachment mechanism for the steel ball with rivets provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: 100. Spindle; 102. Tool holder; 104. Tool holder pull stud; 106. Pull stud steel ball; 108. Pull rod; 110. Pull rod locking nut; 112. Pull rod locking spring; 114. Pull stud steel ball anti-loosening mechanism; 116. Anti-loosening guide post; 118. Positioning screw; 120. Spring; 122. Tapered sleeve; 124. Inner guide cylinder; 126. Needle roller bearing; 128. Rolling bearing; 130. Copper sleeve; 132. Rear bearing housing; 134. Bearing mandrel; 36. Drive motor; 138. Active stepper pulley; 140. Driven stepper pulley; 142. Spindle feed stepper motor; 144. Reducer; 146. Bracket; 148. Guide cylinder; 150. Bearing housing; 152. Ball screw; 154. Horizontal machining base; 156. Vertical machining base; 158. Primary guide rail seat; 160. Guide rail bearing support seat; 162. Secondary guide rail seat; 164. Primary guide rail screw; 166. Secondary guide rail screw. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a drilling and milling type moving machining device, including a spindle 100 and a machining assembly, the machining assembly including a tool holder 102, a tool holder pull stud 104 and a pull stud steel ball 106; A pull rod 108 is provided inside the spindle 100. The pull rod 108 is connected to a pull rod locking nut 110 and a pull rod locking spring 112. A pull stud steel ball 106 is installed above the pull rod 108. After the pull rod locking nut 110 is loosened, the pull rod locking spring 112 pushes the pull rod 108 downward, and the pull pin steel ball 106 locks the groove of the tool holder pull pin 104 by cooperating with the inner wall of the spindle 100; After tightening the locking nut 110 of the pull rod, the pull rod 108 moves upward, the steel ball 106 of the pull pin pops outward, and the pull pin 104 of the tool handle is released; The drilling and milling type moving machining device also includes a pull stud steel ball 106 anti-disengagement mechanism. The pull stud steel ball 106 anti-disengagement mechanism includes an anti-disengagement guide post 116, a positioning screw 118 and a spring 120. During the process of the tool holder pull stud 104 retracting, the anti-disengagement guide post 116, under the action of the spring 120, moves forward to fill the original position of the tool holder pull stud 104 to prevent the pull stud steel ball 106 from disengaging. The positioning screw 118 limits the movement distance of the anti-disengagement guide post 116.

[0031] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the drilling and milling mobile machining device, through the cooperation of the pull rod locking nut 110, the pull rod locking spring 112 and the pull rod 108, uses the axial displacement of the pull rod 108 to drive the pull stud steel ball 106 to achieve radial locking and releasing, making the locking and releasing operation of the tool holder 102 simple and reliable. The tool holder 102 can be clamped and disassembled simply by turning the pull rod locking nut 110, realizing the rapid replacement of the tool holder 102, improving the efficiency of tool replacement, and solving the problem of cumbersome and time-consuming operation of traditional tool holder 102 replacement. After the pull rod locking spring 112 releases the pull rod locking nut 110, it automatically pushes the pull rod 108 downward, causing the pull stud steel ball 106 to automatically lock the tool holder pull stud 104. No additional locking force is required; the elastic force of the spring 120 maintains the locking state continuously, ensuring that the tool holder 102 will not loosen due to cutting vibration during drilling and milling. This high locking reliability guarantees the safety and stability of the machining process. The pull stud steel ball 106 locks the groove of the tool holder pull stud 104 by cooperating with the inner wall of the spindle 100. The contact between the spherical surface of the steel ball and the arc surface of the groove ensures that the locking force is evenly distributed along the circumference. The locking force on the tool holder pull stud 104 is uniform and symmetrical, avoiding the skew of the tool holder 102 caused by single-point locking. This improves the centering accuracy and connection rigidity of the tool holder 102, ensuring the coaxiality of the tool during rotation, and controlling the machining accuracy to the 0.01 mm level. After the pull stud 104 is removed from the tool holder, the anti-disengagement mechanism of the pull stud steel ball 106, under the action of the spring 120, fills the original position of the pull stud 104 through the anti-disengagement guide post 116. This effectively prevents the pull stud steel ball 106 from coming out of the steel ball mounting hole of the spindle 100 after losing the constraint of the pull stud 104, avoiding malfunctions caused by the steel ball being lost or falling into the equipment. This ensures the structural integrity of the tool holder 102 locking mechanism and its availability for the next tool loading, improving the maintenance convenience and reliability of the equipment. The positioning screw 118 limits the movement distance of the anti-disengagement guide post 116, ensuring that the anti-disengagement guide post 116 can fully fill the inner space of the steel ball, keeping the pull stud steel ball 106 always confined within the mounting hole, while also preventing the anti-disengagement guide post 116 from moving too far forward and coming out. The structure is simple and reliable, and the anti-disengagement function can be achieved without a complex control mechanism, reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment.

[0032] Please continue reading Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a drilling and milling type moving machining device, including a spindle 100 and a machining assembly. The machining assembly includes a tool holder 102, a tool holder pull stud 104, and a pull stud steel ball 106. A pull rod 108 is provided inside the spindle 100, and the pull rod 108 is connected to a pull rod locking nut 110 and a pull rod locking spring 112. The pull stud steel ball 106 is installed above the pull rod 108.

[0033] After the pull rod locking nut 110 is released, the pull rod locking spring 112 pushes the pull rod 108 downward, and the pull pin steel ball 106 locks the groove of the tool holder pull pin 104 by cooperating with the inner wall of the spindle 100. Specifically, when the pull rod 108 moves downward, it drives the pull pin steel ball 106 to move downward synchronously. The inner wall of the spindle 100 forms a radially inward constraint on the pull pin steel ball 106, causing the pull pin steel ball 106 to retract radially inward and get stuck in the annular groove of the tool holder pull pin 104, thereby locking the tool holder pull pin 104 axially and realizing the fixed connection between the tool holder 102 and the spindle 100.

[0034] After tightening the pull rod locking nut 110, the pull rod 108 moves upward, and the pull pin steel ball 106 pops outward, releasing the tool holder pull pin 104. Specifically, when tightening the pull rod locking nut 110, the pull rod locking nut 110 drives the pull rod 108 to move upward against the elastic force of the pull rod locking spring 112. When the pull rod 108 moves upward, it drives the pull pin steel ball 106 to move upward synchronously. The radial constraint of the inner wall of the spindle 100 on the pull pin steel ball 106 is gradually released. The pull pin steel ball 106 pops out radially and disengages from the groove of the tool holder pull pin 104. The tool holder pull pin 104 loses the axial locking constraint of the pull pin steel ball 106, thereby allowing the tool holder 102 to smoothly exit from the spindle 100.

[0035] The milling and drilling moving machining device also includes a pull stud steel ball 106 anti-disengagement mechanism, which includes an anti-disengagement guide post 116, a positioning screw 118, and a spring 120. During the retraction of the tool holder pull stud 104, the pull stud steel ball 106 is pushed outward and passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud 104, the tool retracts, and the anti-disengagement guide post 116, under the action of the spring 120, moves forward to fill the original position of the tool holder pull stud 104 to prevent the pull stud steel ball 106 from disengaging. The positioning screw 118 limits the movement distance of the anti-disengagement guide post 116 to prevent the anti-disengagement guide post 116 from moving too far forward and disengaging.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, during the withdrawal of the tool holder pull stud 104, the pull stud ball 106 is pushed outward and passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud 104, so that the tool holder 102 is withdrawn.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the withdrawal of the tool holder pull stud 104, the pull stud steel ball 106 is pushed outward and passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud 104, so that the tool holder 102 can be withdrawn. Specifically, when it is necessary to change the tool, the pull rod locking nut 110 is tightened. The pull rod locking nut 110 drives the pull rod 108 to move upward. During the upward movement of the pull rod 108, the pull stud steel ball 106 moves upward synchronously. Under the guidance of the inner wall of the spindle 100, the pull stud steel ball 106 is gradually pushed outward radially. After moving outward, the pull stud steel ball 106 passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud 104, so that the pull stud steel ball 106 is no longer locked in the groove of the tool holder pull stud 104. The tool holder pull stud 104 loses the locking constraint of the pull stud steel ball 106, so that the tool holder 102 can be smoothly withdrawn from the spindle 100.

[0038] After the tool holder 102 is retracted, the anti-disengagement mechanism of the pull stud steel ball 106 is activated. The anti-disengagement guide post 116, under the elastic force of the spring 120, moves forward to fill the original position of the pull stud 104 in the tool holder, preventing the pull stud steel ball 106 from coming out of the steel ball mounting hole of the spindle 100. The positioning screw 118 limits the movement distance of the anti-disengagement guide post 116, preventing the anti-disengagement guide post 116 from moving too far forward and coming out.

[0039] The tool holder 102 is released by pushing the pull stud steel ball 106 outward and over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud 104. The radial movement of the steel ball and the axial limiting action of the shoulder make the locking and releasing action of the tool holder 102 reliable and the stroke clear. After the pull stud steel ball 106 passes over the shoulder, the tool holder 102 is completely released without jamming or incomplete release, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of tool changing.

[0040] The anti-disengagement mechanism of the pull stud steel ball 106 promptly fills the original position of the pull stud 104 after the tool holder 102 is withdrawn. This effectively prevents the pull stud steel ball 106 from coming out of the steel ball mounting hole of the spindle 100 after losing the constraint of the pull stud 104, avoiding malfunctions caused by the loss or falling of the steel ball into the equipment. This ensures the structural integrity of the locking mechanism of the tool holder 102 and its availability for the next tool loading. The positioning screw 118 limits the movement distance of the anti-disengagement guide post 116, ensuring that the anti-disengagement guide post 116 can fully fill the inner space of the steel ball while preventing the anti-disengagement guide post 116 from moving too far forward and coming out. The structure is simple and reliable.

[0041] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the pull stud steel balls 106 are arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed structure. Multiple steel balls simultaneously lock the groove of the pull stud 104, ensuring that the locking force on the pull stud 104 is evenly distributed circumferentially. This avoids the misalignment of the handle 102 caused by single-point locking, further improving the centering accuracy and locking rigidity of the handle 102. The front end of the anti-detachment guide post 116 is provided with a guide cone surface that matches the shape of the end of the pull stud 104, allowing the anti-detachment guide post 116 to smoothly guide the pull stud steel balls 106 to remain within the mounting hole during the filling process, preventing jamming.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder 102 is a BT30 tool holder 102 with a taper of 7:24.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder 102 is a BT30 tool holder 102 with a taper of 7:24, that is, the taper of the tapered surface of the tool holder 102 is 7:24. The tapered shank portion of the tool holder 102 is inserted into the tapered inner hole of the spindle 100, and centering and torque transmission are achieved through the tapered surface fit. The BT30 tool holder 102 is a general-purpose standard tool holder 102 for machining centers, and its tapered shank size and pull stud specifications all conform to a unified standard, which can be adapted to various drilling and milling tools that conform to the BT30 standard.

[0044] The front end of the tool holder 102 is provided with a tool mounting interface for mounting machining tools such as drill bits and milling cutters; the rear end of the tool holder 102 is provided with a tool holder pull stud 104, which has an annular groove and a shoulder structure. The annular groove is used to cooperate with the pull stud steel ball 106 to achieve locking, and the shoulder is used to cooperate with the pull stud steel ball 106 to achieve release during the withdrawal of the tool holder 102.

[0045] By adopting the BT30 standard tool holder 102 with a taper of 7:24, this device can directly use the BT30 series tools commonly used in machining centers, without the need for specially customized non-standard tool holders 102. This greatly improves the versatility and selectivity of the tools. Users can flexibly select various standard drilling and milling tools according to their machining needs, realizing the machining functions of larger internal holes and planes. This solves the problem that existing small machine tools cannot use large-specification tools for machining due to the limited diameter of the tool holder 102.

[0046] The 7:24 taper fit provides excellent centering accuracy and connection rigidity. After the tool holder 102 is inserted into the taper hole of the spindle 100, it can automatically center itself. The large contact area of ​​the taper surface allows for the transmission of significant torque and axial force, ensuring tool stability during drilling and milling operations. Machining accuracy can be controlled to the 0.01 mm level. As an industry standard part, the BT30 tool holder 102 boasts advantages such as high rigidity, low cost, strong versatility, and high centering accuracy, facilitating procurement and replacement and reducing equipment operating costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0047] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the tapered surface of the BT30 tool holder 102 is precision ground to achieve a high level of surface roughness, ensuring tightness and contact rigidity of the tapered fit and reducing tool vibration during machining. The tool holder pull stud 104 adopts a standard specification and is threaded to the rear end of the tool holder 102, facilitating the replacement of worn pull studs without replacing the entire tool holder 102, further reducing maintenance costs.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a transmission assembly, which includes a tapered sleeve 122, an inner guide cylinder 124, a needle roller bearing 126, a rolling bearing 128, a copper sleeve 130, a rear bearing seat 132, and a bearing mandrel 134. Needle roller bearing 126 and rolling bearing 128 support spindle 100. Tapered sleeve 122 is installed at the front end of spindle 100 and copper sleeve 130 is installed at the rear end of spindle 100. Copper sleeve 130 is tapered with inner guide cylinder 124 to eliminate the wobble clearance of spindle 100.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a tapered sleeve 122, an inner guide cylinder 124, a needle roller bearing 126, a rolling bearing 128, a copper sleeve 130, a rear bearing housing 132, and a bearing spindle 134. The needle roller bearing 126 and the rolling bearing 128 jointly support the main shaft 100, wherein the needle roller bearing 126 is disposed in the front end region of the main shaft 100, and the rolling bearing 128 is disposed in the rear end region of the main shaft 100. The two sets of bearings together provide front and rear support for the main shaft 100, enabling the main shaft 100 to rotate smoothly within the mounting base.

[0050] A tapered sleeve 122 is installed at the front end of the spindle 100. The outer tapered surface of the tapered sleeve 122 mates with the inner tapered hole of the spindle 100 mounting base, eliminating radial clearance at the front end of the spindle 100 through the tapered surface fit. A copper sleeve 130 is installed at the rear end of the spindle 100. The copper sleeve 130 and the inner guide cylinder 124 are taper-fitted, eliminating radial wobble clearance at the rear end of the spindle 100 through the mutual contact between the outer tapered surface of the copper sleeve 130 and the inner tapered surface of the inner guide cylinder 124. The rear bearing housing 132 is used to install and fix the rolling bearing 128 at the rear end, and the bearing spindle 134 is used for auxiliary support and positioning.

[0051] By using a combination of needle roller bearings 126 and rolling bearings 128 to support the spindle 100, the needle roller bearings 126 have small radial dimensions and high load-bearing capacity, making them suitable for providing radial support in the limited space at the front end of the spindle 100; the rolling bearings 128 have low friction coefficients and high rotational accuracy, making them suitable for being placed at the rear end of the spindle 100 to ensure the high-speed rotation performance of the spindle 100. The two bearings work together to balance support rigidity and rotational accuracy, keeping the spindle 100 stable during high-speed rotation, reducing tool vibration during machining, and improving machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0052] A tapered sleeve 122 is installed at the front end of the spindle 100, and a copper sleeve 130 is installed at the rear end, which tapers with the inner guide cylinder 124. The radial wobble clearance of the spindle 100 in the mounting seat is eliminated by the taper surface of the front and rear ends. That is, the tapered sleeve 122 is used to eliminate the clearance, so that the spindle 100 and the mounting seat can achieve a clearance-free fit. This fundamentally solves the problem of the spindle 100 wobble in the mounting seat, greatly improves the connection stability between the spindle 100 and the tool holder, and ensures the consistency and repeatability of machining accuracy.

[0053] In other embodiments, both the tapered sleeve 122 and the copper sleeve 130 employ an interference fit or an adjustable clearance tapered fit. By axially adjusting the insertion depth of the tapered sleeve 122 or the copper sleeve 130, the tightness of the tapered surface fit can be finely adjusted, thereby precisely eliminating the radial clearance of the spindle 100 during assembly and avoiding excessive rotational resistance of the spindle 100 due to overtight fit. The tapered sleeve 122 is made of alloy steel and has undergone heat treatment, possessing high hardness and wear resistance, and can maintain the accuracy of the tapered surface fit over a long period of time.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor 136, a driving pulley 138, a driven pulley 140, and a timing belt; The drive motor 136 transmits rotational torque to the main shaft 100 through the active stepper pulley 138, the synchronous belt, and the driven stepper pulley 140, and adjusts the speed of the main shaft 100 by adjusting the speed of the drive motor 136.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 136, a driving pulley 138, a driven pulley 140, and a timing belt. The drive motor 136 is fixedly mounted on a support base or frame of the main shaft 100, the driving pulley 138 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 136, the driven pulley 140 is mounted on the rear end of the main shaft 100 or coaxially connected to the main shaft 100, and the timing belt is sleeved on the driving pulley 138 and the driven pulley 140, forming a timing belt drive mechanism.

[0056] When the drive motor 136 operates, it drives the active stepper pulley 138 to rotate. The active stepper pulley 138 drives the driven stepper pulley 140 to rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt. The driven stepper pulley 140 then drives the spindle 100 to rotate, transmitting the rotational torque required for machining to the spindle 100. The speed of the spindle 100 can be adjusted by regulating the speed of the drive motor 136. The drive motor 136 can use frequency conversion speed regulation or servo speed regulation to achieve continuous adjustment of the spindle 100 speed.

[0057] By employing a drive motor 136 in conjunction with a synchronous belt drive to transmit rotational torque to the spindle 100, the synchronous belt drive features accurate transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, and smooth transmission. This ensures a precise correspondence between the spindle 100's speed and the motor's speed, preventing slippage and thus guaranteeing the stability of the spindle 100's speed and the consistency of machining quality. The synchronous belt drive also has damping and vibration-absorbing capabilities, reducing the transmission of motor vibration to the spindle 100 and further improving the smoothness of the spindle 100's rotation.

[0058] The spindle speed is directly adjusted by regulating the speed of the drive motor 136. Unlike traditional drilling and milling machines, there is no need to change the transmission ratio by changing the diameter of the drive pulley or replacing gears. This eliminates the cumbersome mechanical speed adjustment operation, making speed adjustment more convenient and efficient. It can also achieve continuous stepless speed adjustment, adapting to the processing speed requirements of different tools and materials, thus improving the processing adaptability and ease of operation of the equipment.

[0059] In other embodiments, the synchronous belt is a toothed synchronous belt, with the teeth of the driving pulley 138 and the driven pulley 140 meshing with the teeth of the synchronous belt, ensuring the synchronicity and accuracy of the transmission. The tension of the synchronous belt can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the drive motor 136, ensuring the reliability of the transmission. The synchronous belt drive, rather than a direct connection, between the drive motor 136 and the main shaft 100 allows for a spatially staggered arrangement of the motor and the main shaft 100, optimizing the overall layout of the equipment and reducing the radial dimension.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly further includes a spindle feed stepper motor 142, a reducer 144, a bracket 146, a guide cylinder 148, a bearing, a bearing housing 150, and a ball screw 152. The spindle 100 is mounted on the spindle 100 support seat. The spindle feed stepper motor 142 drives the ball screw 152 through the reducer 144 to move the spindle 100 support seat to control the drilling depth and milling depth.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly further includes a spindle feed stepper motor 142, a reducer 144, a bracket 146, a guide cylinder 148, bearings, a bearing housing 150, and a ball screw 152. The spindle 100 is mounted on a spindle 100 support, which is axially slidable along the guide cylinder 148. The spindle feed stepper motor 142 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 146. The output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the input end of the reducer 144, and the output end of the reducer 144 is connected to the ball screw 152. The nut of the ball screw 152 is fixedly connected to the spindle 100 support.

[0062] When the spindle feed stepper motor 142 operates, it drives the ball screw 152 to rotate after being reduced in speed and torque by the reducer 144. The ball screw 152 converts the rotational motion into the linear motion of the nut. The nut drives the spindle 100 support to move axially along the guide cylinder 148, thereby driving the spindle 100 to achieve axial feed motion to control the drilling depth and milling depth. The bearing and bearing housing 150 are used to support both ends of the ball screw 152 to ensure the stability of the rotation of the ball screw 152.

[0063] The axial feed of the spindle 100 is controlled by using a spindle feed stepper motor 142 that drives the ball screw 152 through a reducer 144 to move the spindle 100 support seat. The stepper motor has the characteristics of precise step pitch and high positioning accuracy, which can accurately control the feed displacement of the spindle 100, thereby achieving precise control of drilling depth and milling depth, meeting the strict requirements of precision machining for depth dimensions, and solving the problems of low depth control accuracy and poor consistency of traditional manual feed methods.

[0064] The reducer 144 reduces the output speed of the stepper motor and increases the output torque, ensuring that the ball screw 152 receives sufficient driving torque. This guarantees that the spindle 100 can overcome the axial resistance during drilling and milling, resulting in smooth and powerful feed motion without skipped steps or jamming. The ball screw 152 transmission has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, high positioning accuracy, and smooth movement. It can accurately convert the rotational motion of the stepper motor into the linear feed motion of the spindle 100, further ensuring the control accuracy of the feed depth.

[0065] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the guide cylinder 148 provides precise linear guidance for the axial movement of the spindle 100 support, preventing the spindle 100 support from skewing or wobbling during movement. This ensures the consistency between the spindle 100 feed direction and the tool axis, thereby guaranteeing the perpendicularity of drilling and the flatness of milling. The bracket 146 provides stable mounting support for the stepper motor, reducer 144, and ball screw 152, ensuring the coaxiality and positional accuracy between the various transmission components.

[0066] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a base is also included, the base including a replaceable horizontal machining base 154 and a vertical machining base 156, the horizontal machining base 154 being used for horizontal machining support and the vertical machining base 156 being used for vertical machining support, so as to realize horizontal and vertical machining operations respectively using the same machining device.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drilling and milling mobile machining device further includes a base, which includes a replaceable horizontal machining base 154 and a vertical machining base 156. The horizontal machining base 154 is used for horizontal machining support. When drilling or milling is required on the horizontal surface of the workpiece, the machining device is mounted on the horizontal machining base 154, so that the axis of the spindle 100 is vertical, and the tool moves downward to machine the horizontal surface of the workpiece.

[0068] The vertical orientation machining base 156 is used for vertical orientation machining support. When drilling or milling is required on the vertical surface of a workpiece, the machining device is mounted on the vertical orientation machining base 156, so that the axis of the spindle 100 is horizontal, and the tool performs transverse machining on the vertical surface of the workpiece. Both types of bases use a unified connection interface with the machining device, allowing for quick replacement of the corresponding base according to the machining direction requirements. The same machining device can be used to perform both horizontal and vertical machining operations.

[0069] By configuring replaceable horizontal machining base 154 and vertical machining base 156, the same machining device can be adapted to both horizontal and vertical machining orientations. Users only need to replace the base to switch machining directions, eliminating the need to purchase two machining devices with different orientations. This greatly improves the versatility and applicability of the equipment and solves the problem that existing small machine tools cannot complete drilling and milling requirements in the horizontal working direction.

[0070] Both types of bases use a unified connection interface, making replacement simple and quick. The base form can be quickly switched on-site according to the processing surface direction of the workpiece, adapting to the needs of different workpieces and different processing positions. It is especially suitable for in-situ modification of large components that have already been installed in unconventional work sites, without the need to disassemble and transport the workpiece to large processing equipment, which greatly shortens the processing cycle and improves work efficiency and equipment utilization.

[0071] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, both the horizontal machining base 154 and the vertical machining base 156 are provided with mounting holes, allowing the base to be fixed to the workpiece or work platform using bolts or pressure plates, ensuring the stability of the equipment during machining. The support surface of the base is precision machined to ensure the perpendicularity or parallelism between the axis of the spindle 100 and the machining surface after installation, ensuring machining accuracy. The structural strength of both bases has been optimized to withstand the cutting forces and vibrations during drilling and milling without deformation or displacement.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a double-layer guide rail, which includes a primary guide rail seat 158, a guide rail bearing support seat 160, a secondary guide rail seat 162, a primary guide rail lead screw 164, and a secondary guide rail lead screw 166. The double-layer guide rails are connected to the base to enable movement in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drilling and milling type moving machining device further includes a double-layer guide rail, which includes a primary guide rail seat 158, a guide rail bearing support seat 160, a secondary guide rail seat 162, a primary guide rail lead screw 164, and a secondary guide rail lead screw 166. The primary guide rail seat 158 ​​is mounted on the base, forming the first layer of guide rail; the secondary guide rail seat 162 is mounted on the primary guide rail seat 158 ​​via the guide rail bearing support seat 160 and can move along the primary guide rail seat 158, forming the second layer of guide rail; the spindle 100 support seat of the machining device is mounted on the secondary guide rail seat 162 and can move along the secondary guide rail seat 162.

[0074] A primary guide screw 164 is mounted on a primary guide seat 158 ​​and drives a secondary guide seat 162 to move along the first layer of guide rails. A secondary guide screw 166 is mounted on a secondary guide seat 162 and drives the spindle 100 support to move along the second layer of guide rails. The double-layer guide rails are connected to the base, and the perpendicular arrangement of the two layers of guide rails enables movement in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, allowing the spindle 100 to be adjusted in both the longitudinal and transverse directions in the horizontal plane.

[0075] By adopting a double-layer guide rail structure, and through the perpendicular arrangement of the primary and secondary guide rails, the spindle 100 can move independently in both the longitudinal and transverse directions in the horizontal plane. This allows the machining device to complete the machining and positioning of different parts of the workpiece without moving the base, enabling milling in all four directions and hole machining in different parts. This significantly improves the machining coverage and positioning flexibility, eliminates the need for frequent re-fixing of the equipment, and improves machining efficiency.

[0076] The guide rail bearing support 160 provides low-friction, high-precision linear guidance for the movement of the secondary guide rail seat 162, ensuring the smoothness and positioning accuracy of the movement of the secondary guide rail seat 162. The primary guide rail lead screw 164 and the secondary guide rail lead screw 166 drive the movement of the two layers of guide rails respectively. The lead screw drive has the characteristics of precise positioning and smooth movement, and can accurately control the amount of movement of the spindle 100 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, ensuring the accuracy of the machining position.

[0077] In addition, in some other embodiments, both layers of the double-layer guide rail are equipped with limiting structures to restrict the maximum travel of the guide rail and prevent component collisions or damage caused by overtravel. The guide rail surface is hardened or made of wear-resistant material, possessing high hardness and wear resistance, and can maintain the guide rail's movement accuracy over a long period of time. The guide rail bearing support uses rolling bearings 128 or linear guide sliders, resulting in low frictional resistance, easy movement, and convenient manual or electric drive.

[0078] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the primary guide rail screw 164 and / or the secondary guide rail screw 166 is connected to a handwheel for manual movement, or connected to a servo motor for precise electric control, thereby realizing dual-layer manual and electric control.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, the input ends of the primary guide rail screw 164 and the secondary guide rail screw 166 can be connected to handwheels for manual movement, or to servo motors for precise electric control, achieving dual-layer manual and electric control. When manual control is used, the handwheel is installed at the input end of the ball screw 152. The operator drives the ball screw 152 to rotate by rotating the handwheel, thereby moving the guide rail. This is suitable for scenarios requiring precise manual operation, such as tool setting and fine-tuning.

[0080] When electric control is used, a servo motor is installed at the input end of the ball screw 152. The servo motor drives the ball screw 152 to rotate, realizing automatic movement and precise positioning of the guide rail. This is suitable for batch processing or scenarios requiring precise control of the movement distance. Manual and electric control modes can be flexibly selected according to actual processing needs, and both control modes can be configured simultaneously on the same equipment to achieve switching between manual and electric operation.

[0081] The ball screw 152's input end supports both manual control via handwheel and electric control via servo motor, giving the equipment both the flexibility of manual operation and the precision of electric control, meeting the dual needs of automated and manual machining. Manual control requires no power supply and is suitable for on-site tool setting, fine-tuning, and other scenarios; it is intuitive and cost-effective. Electric control, driven by a servo motor, offers high movement speed and positioning accuracy, making it suitable for batch processing or scenarios requiring precise control of movement distance, significantly improving processing efficiency and positioning accuracy.

[0082] The dual manual and electric control design allows the equipment to adapt to different processing conditions and operating habits. When there is power, electric control can be used to improve efficiency, while manual control can be used to ensure flexibility when there is no power or when fine adjustments are required. This enhances the equipment's adaptability to unconventional work sites, making it especially suitable for use in the field or temporary work sites.

[0083] Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the servo motor is equipped with an encoder, which can provide real-time feedback on the guide rail's movement position, achieving closed-loop control and further improving positioning accuracy and repeatability. The handwheel is a precision handwheel with graduations; each rotation corresponds to a fixed guide rail movement distance, facilitating precise control of the movement by the operator. The manual / electric switching is achieved using a clutch structure; during electric operation, the handwheel does not move with the motor. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal layout of the drilling and milling moving machining device adopts a gantry structure.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal layout of the drilling and milling mobile machining device adopts a gantry structure, that is, the base has upward-extending columns on both sides, and the tops of the two columns are connected by a crossbeam to form a gantry frame structure. The double-layer guide rails and the machining device are installed between the crossbeam or the columns, and the spindle 100 is suspended in the middle area of ​​the gantry frame, enabling it to move longitudinally and laterally along the gantry frame. The symmetrical arrangement of the columns on both sides of the gantry structure provides stable support and guidance for the machining device.

[0085] The bottom of the gantry structure has a horizontal mounting surface for connecting with the horizontal machining base 154 or the vertical machining base 156. The overall structure is compact, and all functional components are integrated into the gantry frame, which reduces the footprint of the equipment and improves space utilization.

[0086] The machine adopts a gantry structure with a horizontal layout. The gantry structure has advantages such as good symmetry, high structural rigidity, and strong load-bearing capacity. The portal frame formed by the two side columns and crossbeams effectively resists the cutting forces and vibrations generated during drilling and milling, keeping the equipment stable during processing, reducing machining errors caused by equipment deformation or vibration, and improving machining accuracy and surface quality. The symmetrical layout of the gantry structure also makes the stress on the equipment more even, avoiding structural imbalance caused by unilateral stress.

[0087] The gantry structure integrates various functional components such as double-layer guide rails, drive units, transmission devices, and processing units within a portal frame. This compact structure reduces the overall footprint of the equipment, improves space utilization, and facilitates the arrangement and movement of the equipment within limited working spaces. Furthermore, the gantry structure provides reliable positioning during processing operations, with the spindle 100 maintaining stable support as it moves within the gantry frame. This allows for longitudinal, lateral, and vertical displacement of the moving processing equipment, ensuring consistent processing results.

[0088] Furthermore, in other embodiments, the columns and beams of the gantry structure adopt box-section or reinforced rib structures, which reduces the overall weight of the equipment while ensuring structural rigidity, facilitating its movement and handling. The various connecting parts of the gantry frame are precision-machined and bolted together, ensuring the geometric accuracy and structural stability of the frame. The open space of the gantry structure also facilitates operators' observation of the processing area and tool changes, improving operational convenience and safety.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and milling type moving machining device, characterized in that, It includes a spindle and a machining assembly, the machining assembly including a tool holder, a tool holder pull stud, and a pull stud ball; A pull rod is provided inside the main shaft, and the pull rod is connected to a pull rod locking nut and a pull rod locking spring. The pull stud steel ball is installed above the pull rod. After the pull rod locking nut is loosened, the pull rod locking spring pushes the pull rod downward, and the pull pin steel ball locks the groove of the tool holder pull pin by cooperating with the inner wall of the spindle; After tightening the locking nut of the pull rod, the pull rod moves upward, the steel ball of the pull stud pops outward, and the pull stud of the knife handle is released; The drilling and milling type moving machining assembly also includes a pull stud steel ball anti-dislodgement mechanism, which includes an anti-dislodgement guide post, a positioning screw, and a spring. During the withdrawal of the tool holder pull stud, the anti-dislodgement guide post moves forward to fill the original position of the tool holder pull stud under the action of the spring to prevent the pull stud steel ball from dislodging. The positioning screw limits the movement distance of the anti-dislodgement guide post.

2. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the withdrawal of the tool holder pull stud, the pull stud ball is pushed outward and passes over the shoulder of the tool holder pull stud to withdraw the tool holder.

3. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool holder is a BT30 tool holder with a taper of 7:

24.

4. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission assembly, which comprises a tapered sleeve, an inner guide cylinder, a needle roller bearing, a rolling bearing, a copper sleeve, a rear bearing housing, and a bearing mandrel; The needle roller bearing and the rolling bearing support the main shaft. The tapered sleeve is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and the copper sleeve is installed at the rear end of the main shaft. The copper sleeve is taperedly fitted with the inner guide cylinder to eliminate the wobble clearance of the main shaft.

5. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a timing belt; The drive motor transmits rotational torque to the main shaft through the driving step pulley, the synchronous belt, and the driven step pulley, and adjusts the speed of the main shaft by adjusting the speed of the drive motor.

6. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly also includes a spindle feed stepper motor, a reducer, a bracket, a guide cylinder, bearings, bearing housings, and a ball screw; The spindle is mounted on a spindle support seat. The spindle feed stepper motor drives the ball screw through the reducer to move the spindle support seat, thereby controlling the drilling depth and milling depth.

7. The drilling and milling type moving machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a base, which includes a replaceable horizontal machining base and a vertical machining base. The horizontal machining base is used for horizontal machining support, and the vertical machining base is used for vertical machining support, so as to realize horizontal and vertical machining operations respectively using the same machining device.

8. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a double-layer guide rail, which includes a primary guide rail seat, a guide rail bearing support seat, a secondary guide rail seat, a primary guide rail lead screw, and a secondary guide rail lead screw; The double-layer guide rail is connected to the base to enable movement in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

9. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The input ends of the primary guide rail screw and / or the secondary guide rail screw are connected to a handwheel for manual movement, or to a servo motor for precise electric control, thus achieving dual-layer manual and electric control.

10. The drilling and milling type moving machining device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The overall horizontal layout of the drilling and milling mobile machining device adopts a gantry structure.

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