Adjustable workpiece auxiliary supporting device for vertical lathe

Abstract

The application discloses an adjustable workpiece auxiliary supporting device for a vertical lathe and relates to the technical field of workpiece supporting equipment of vertical lathes. The device comprises three sets of expansion supporting assemblies. The expansion supporting assembly comprises a mounting disc, a rotating disc, a second motor and a first sliding rod. The second motor is engaged to drive the rotating disc to rotate. The rotating disc is internally provided with an Archimedes spiral arc-shaped groove. The first sliding rod is in sliding fit with the arc-shaped groove to realize radial expansion and contraction. The first sliding rod is provided at the end portion with a self-adapting expansion locking mechanism. The self-adapting expansion locking mechanism comprises an expansion head, a pushing boss, a spring, an electric control contact and a metal sheet. When the expansion head is attached to the pushing boss, the electric control contact is in conduction with the metal sheet to form a rigid locking state. When the expansion head slides outward and separates, the loop is disconnected and the rigid locking is released. Relying on the detection structure of the electric control contact compressed in place and in conduction, the device can accurately identify the supporting loosening failure working condition caused by cutting and diameter expansion and automatically complete dynamic supporting and locking. After the cutting and diameter expansion, the device continues to maintain the rigid support without clearance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of workpiece support equipment for vertical lathes, specifically to an adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for vertical lathes. Background Technology

[0002] During the machining of the inner wall of cylindrical workpieces on a vertical lathe, an auxiliary support structure is required to ensure machining accuracy and stability. Existing conventional workpiece auxiliary support devices are mostly fixed structures with relatively fixed support height and support points, making it difficult to achieve layered point adjustment and adapt to the differentiated machining support requirements of workpieces of different heights and specifications. Furthermore, the linkage and synchronization of conventional radial expansion support structures are limited, easily leading to uneven support force and differences in local fitting gaps, affecting the uniformity of workpiece support and machining consistency. During the cutting of the inner wall of the workpiece, the inner diameter of the workpiece will undergo slight expansion changes as the cutting process progresses. Conventional support structures cannot adapt to the workpiece deformation state in real time or dynamically compensate for support gaps, easily resulting in support gaps and loosening, affecting the stability of the workpiece machining process. In addition, the support angle of traditional support structures is mostly fixed, with limited adaptability, making it difficult to fit the irregularly shaped workpiece surface with an inclined inner wall, and failing to meet the precise support machining requirements of irregularly shaped inclined inner walls. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the inability to identify support failure caused by cutting and diameter expansion in real time. An adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for vertical lathes is proposed to solve the problem in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe, comprising: frame; A crossbeam, which is slidably mounted on the frame and can move vertically; a drive screw mechanism, including two sets of first motors and screws, wherein the first motors are fixed to the upper end of the frame, and the screws are connected to the output end of the first motors and are threadedly driven with the crossbeam; A sliding column is fixedly installed at the lower end of the crossbeam, and a sliding groove is provided inside the sliding column; A segmented screw, wherein the segmented screw is rotatably mounted inside the slide groove, and a limiting platform is provided in the middle of the segmented screw, the limiting platform dividing the segmented screw into two transmission sections; Three sets of expansion components, including a fixed expansion component fixed to the lower end of the sliding column and two sets of synchronously adjustable expansion components that are threadedly engaged with the two transmission sections respectively. When the segmented screw rotates, the two sets of synchronously adjustable expansion components move up and down axially in sync. Each expansion component includes a mounting plate, a rotating plate, a second motor, and a first sliding rod. The second motor meshes with and drives the rotating plate to rotate. The rotating plate has an Archimedean spiral arc groove inside. The first sliding rod slides with the arc groove to achieve radial extension and retraction. The first slide rod end is provided with an adaptive telescopic locking mechanism, which includes a telescopic head, a push-up boss, a spring, an electronic control contact, and a metal plate. When the telescopic head is in contact with the push-up boss, the electronic control contact and the metal plate are connected to form a rigid locking state. When the telescopic head slides outward and separates, the circuit is disconnected and the rigid locking is released. The telescopic head end is provided with an angle-adaptive support mechanism, which includes a support wheel, a hinge seat and a torsion spring assembly. The support wheel can adaptively deflect by the pressure of the inner wall surface of the workpiece, and automatically reset through the torsion spring assembly after it is released from the pressure.

[0005] Preferably, vertical slide rails are provided on both sides of the frame, and sliders are matched at both ends of the crossbeam. The crossbeam slides in cooperation with the vertical slide rails through the sliders. Two sets of screws are vertically symmetrically arranged inside the slide rails. The screws are threadedly connected to the sliders, and the screws are rotatably installed inside both sides of the frame.

[0006] Preferably, the limiting platform is a ring structure, and the outer diameter of the limiting platform is larger than the width of the segmented screw, so that the limiting platform physically isolates the two transmission sections.

[0007] Preferably, a protective cover is installed on the upper end of the expansion assembly, and the protective cover is fixedly connected to the rotating disk by screws, with the protective cover covering the upper end of the rotating disk.

[0008] Preferably, the arc-shaped grooves are arranged in three groups and are evenly distributed in a ring, and the arc-shaped grooves are opened using an equidistant Archimedean spiral trajectory.

[0009] Preferably, the adaptive telescopic locking mechanism further includes a push-up boss, a limiting ring, and a moving rod, wherein the spring normally pushes the telescopic head away from the push-up boss.

[0010] Preferably, the electronic control contact is a protruding elastic telescopic structure with a built-in micro telescopic spring. Under normal conditions, the end of the electronic control contact protrudes and is separated from the metal sheet. When the electronic control contact is compressed into position, it is pressed tightly against the metal sheet to conduct the circuit. The adaptive telescopic locking mechanism is in a rigid locked support state when the circuit is conducting. When the electronic control contact is conducting with the metal sheet, the telescopic head is in a locked state. At this time, the telescopic head is tightly fitted with the push boss to form a rigid support contact. However, the telescopic head can still retract slightly under the thrust generated by the expansion of the inner diameter of the workpiece. When the retraction exceeds a preset threshold, the electronic control contact separates from the metal sheet, the circuit is broken, and the supplementary support is triggered.

[0011] Preferably, the torsion spring assembly normally maintains the reference support posture of the hinge seat, and the support wheel can adaptively deflect by the pressure of the inner wall of the workpiece, and automatically reset after retraction.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the support wheel is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

[0013] Preferably, the assembly also includes a clamping assembly and a cutting assembly. The clamping assembly is mounted on the bottom of the frame for clamping and driving the workpiece to rotate, and the cutting assembly is slidably mounted on the lower part of the crossbeam, which can move relative to the workpiece and complete the cutting process.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe, which has the following advantages: The multi-layer adjustable support structure allows for customized support height and position to accommodate the machining needs of thin-walled workpieces of varying specifications. Combined with a motor-engaged synchronous support structure, it achieves uniform multi-point support, preventing localized deformation of the workpiece. Simultaneously, a detection structure that detects the compression and activation of electrical contacts accurately identifies support loosening failures caused by cutting and diameter expansion, automatically performing dynamic support replenishment and locking to maintain gapless rigid support after cutting and diameter expansion. In conjunction with an adaptive angle support structure, it can accommodate irregularly shaped, inclined inner-walled workpieces, effectively suppressing cutting vibration and workpiece deformation, significantly improving the machining accuracy and stability of thin-walled workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram showing the initial position of the expansion and support component in this invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the sliding column in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal laying of the expansion and support components in this invention along the direction of the arrow; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the expansion and support components in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the telescopic head in this invention; Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 Internal structure diagram; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion and support assembly supporting the cutting workpiece in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the radial adjustment of the support wheel after partial cutting of the workpiece in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 101. Crossbeam; 102. Screw; 103. First motor; 2. Sliding column; 201. Sliding groove; 202. Segmented screw; 203. Limiting platform; 3. Expansion assembly; 301. Mounting plate; 302. Rotary plate; 303. Convex tooth; 304. Second motor; 305. Arc groove; 306. Slide seat; 307. First sliding rod; 308. Guide pin; 309. Rotary ring; 310. Protective cover; 4. Telescopic head; 401. Second sliding rod; 402. Pushing boss; 403. Limiting ring; 404. Moving rod; 405. Spring; 406. Electrical control contact; 407. Metal sheet; 5. Support wheel; 501. Hinge seat; 502. Torsion spring seat; 503. Torsion spring assembly; 6. Clamp assembly; 7. Cutting assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, some features described in the examples may be combined in other examples.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses an adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe, including a frame 1, a crossbeam 101, a drive screw mechanism, a sliding column 2, a segmented screw 202, three sets of expansion components 3, an adaptive telescopic locking mechanism, and an angle-adaptive support mechanism. The crossbeam 101 is vertically slidably mounted on the frame 1. The drive screw mechanism, sliding column 2, segmented screw 202, and expansion components 3 are sequentially assembled and cooperated to realize multi-layer, synchronous, and adaptive inner wall support operation for the workpiece.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, the frame 1 serves as the overall support and mounting base for the device, undertaking the assembly and positioning functions of all support and processing mechanisms. Symmetrical vertical slide rail structures are installed on the left and right sides of the frame 1. Matching slider structures are installed at the left and right ends of the crossbeam 101. The sliders precisely slide against the vertical slide rails, allowing the crossbeam 101 to slide smoothly and vertically along the frame 1. Two sets of first motors 103 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper surface of the frame 1. The output ends of the two sets of first motors 103 are coaxially fixedly connected to a screw 102. The two screws 102 are symmetrically and vertically arranged inside both sides of the frame 1, and simultaneously engage with the corresponding positions of the crossbeam 101 via threaded transmission. In actual operation, the two sets of first motors 103 start and stop synchronously, rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, driving the two sets of screws 102 to rotate synchronously. Utilizing the principle of uniform feed of the screw, they stably drive the crossbeam 101 and all the support components assembled at the lower end of the crossbeam 101 to rise and fall vertically as a whole. The overall support height can be freely adjusted according to the overall height of the workpiece to be processed and the processing area, so as to achieve coarse adjustment of the overall support position of the device.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a vertically fixed sliding column 2 is installed at the center of the lower end of the crossbeam 101. A through-type elongated sliding groove 201 is vertically opened inside the sliding column 201. A segmented screw 202 is vertically rotatably assembled inside the sliding groove 201. The segmented screw 202 can rotate stably inside the sliding groove 201. An integrally formed annular limiting platform 203 is fixedly installed in the middle of the segmented screw 202. The outer diameter of the limiting platform 203 is larger than the width of the segmented screw 202 itself, forming a physical partition structure. Through the physical isolation effect of the limiting platform 203, the segmented screw 202 is divided into upper and lower threaded transmission sections. The upper and lower threaded sections can be adjusted synchronously for threaded transmission. Corresponding to the two transmission sections and the fixed position at the bottom of the slide column 202, the device is equipped with three sets of expansion components 3. One set of expansion components 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide column 2, and its position remains constant, forming a fixed support point at the bottom. The other two sets of expansion components 3 are threadedly assembled into the upper and lower transmission sections of the segmented screw 202, and can be adjusted vertically synchronously with the forward and reverse rotation of the segmented screw 202. Finally, a three-layer adjustable and layered support point structure is formed, which can adapt to thin-walled workpieces of different lengths, heights and processing ranges, and solves the defects of traditional devices with single support points, inability to provide layered support and poor adaptability.

[0021] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the three sets of expansion support components 3 have completely identical structures and unified synchronization logic, ensuring the consistency of multi-layer support actions and uniform force distribution. Figure 4As shown, the expansion assembly 3 uses the fixedly installed mounting plate 301 as the supporting base. The rotating plate 302 is coaxially mounted on the outer end face of the upper end of the mounting plate 301, allowing for smooth circumferential rotation. The outer circumference of the rotating plate 302 is integrally formed with annular protrusions 303. The second motor 304 is fixedly mounted at the corresponding position on the mounting plate 301. The output gear of the second motor 304 precisely meshes with the outer circumferential protrusions 303 of the rotating plate 302, forming a stable and reliable gear meshing drive structure. This ensures that the output torque of the second motor 304 can accurately and losslessly drive the rotating plate 302 to rotate at a uniform speed, with high transmission accuracy, no slippage, and no lag. The inner end face of the rotating plate 302 is evenly distributed with three sets of equidistant Archimedean spiral arc grooves 305. The angles, pitches, and trajectories of the three sets of arc grooves 305 are completely consistent, forming a uniform annular distribution. A slide block 306 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mounting plate 301. The first slide rod 307 slides through the slide block 306, and the slide block 306 forms a radial sliding limit and guide support for the first slide rod 307. Each set of arc-shaped grooves 305 has a rotating ring 309 and a guide pin 308 slidably matched inside. The guide pin 308 is fixed to the end of the first slide rod 307, and the rotating ring 309 is sleeved on the outside of the guide pin 308, which can rotate freely, effectively reducing sliding friction resistance. Through the helical trajectory constraint of the arc-shaped grooves 305, the circumferential rotation of the rotating plate 302 can be synchronously and uniformly converted into the radial extension and retraction linear motion of the three sets of first slide rods 307, realizing multi-point synchronous expansion and completely consistent extension and retraction displacement, ensuring uniform circumferential force on the inner wall of the workpiece, and preventing problems such as local suspension, local tightness, and uneven deformation. Meanwhile, a protective cover 310 is installed on the upper end of the expansion component 3. The protective cover 310 and the rotating disk 302 are fixedly connected by screws. The protective cover 310 covers the upper end of the rotating disk 302, effectively preventing iron chips and dust generated by lathe cutting from entering the mating gap and improving the stability of equipment operation.

[0022] The first slide bar 307 integrates an adaptive telescopic locking mechanism at its telescopic working end. This mechanism is linked in real time with the expansion drive structure and lathe cutting conditions, and is specifically designed to address issues such as diameter expansion during thin-walled workpiece cutting, support clearance failure, and support force attenuation. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the adaptive telescopic locking mechanism is assembled from a telescopic head 4, a second slide rod 401, a push-up boss 402, a limiting ring 403, a moving rod 404, a spring 405, an electrical control contact 406, and a metal plate 407. These components work together to form an integrated mechanical and electrical control structure capable of adaptive dynamic compensation. The second slide rod 401 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first slide rod 307. A limiting ring 403 is fixedly installed inside the telescopic head 4, abutting against the spring 405. The moving rod 404 slides through the inside of the telescopic head 4, and the push-up boss 402 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the moving rod 404. The spring 405 is sleeved on the outside of the moving rod 404. Under normal conditions, the spring 405 remains stably extended, continuously applying a pushing force to the telescopic head 4, keeping the telescopic head 4 away from the push-up boss 402. The electrical control contact 406 adopts a protruding elastic telescopic structure with a built-in miniature telescopic spring. Under normal conditions, the contact end is arranged protrudingly, with elastic telescopic margin. Only after the electrical control contact 406 contacts the metal sheet 407 and is fully compressed into place can the two be tightly pressed together and conduct the electrical control circuit, realizing real-time electrical identification of the support effective state and the support failure state.

[0023] like Figures 4 to 8As shown, during the initial support and positioning stage of the device, the second motor 304 drives the first slide rod 307 to extend radially outward, causing the support wheel 5 at the end of the telescopic head 4 to initially fit against the inner wall of the workpiece. After fitting, the first slide rod 307 continues to extend radially outward, causing the push boss 402 and the second slide rod 401 to move together. When the end of the push boss 402 fits against the telescopic head 4, the electrical control contact 406 is simultaneously pressed and gradually retracts until the electrical control contact 406 is fully compressed into place and tightly pressed against the metal sheet 407. Only then is the electrical control circuit stably connected, determining that the device is in place. At this time, the telescopic structure directly forms a rigid fit and locks the support, ensuring that the initial support is without gaps or loosening, thus completing the initial support and positioning. During the continuous cutting process of the vertical lathe, the material on the inner wall of the workpiece is continuously cut away, and the inner diameter of the workpiece will gradually and slightly increase. The originally tightly fitted support structure will develop a small gap as the workpiece diameter increases, directly leading to a decrease in the support clamping force and a decrease in support rigidity, creating a potential for support failure and easily causing workpiece vibration, shaking, and deformation problems. When a support gap occurs, the telescopic head 4 loses the workpiece pressure constraint, the electronic control contact 406 elastically resets and pops out, the compression is released, and the pressing and sticking state between the electronic control contact 406 and the metal sheet 407 is simultaneously released. The electronic control circuit is instantly disconnected, and the device identifies the support failure condition through the circuit on / off signal and immediately triggers the adaptive support adjustment logic. Subsequently, the first slide bar 307 automatically and precisely extends forward to compensate, pushing the push boss 402 and the second slide bar 401 to move and stick to the telescopic head 4, pressing the electronic control contact 406 into place again and pressing it tightly against the metal sheet 407 to complete the conduction circuit, immediately stopping the telescopic movement and re-forming a rigid, gapless, locked support. Through the closed-loop linkage logic of "cutting and expanding diameter—gap generation—circuit disconnection—failure identification—automatic extension—re-connection and locking," dynamic adaptive compensation is achieved throughout the entire machining process. After cutting and expanding diameter, the rigid support state is maintained, solving the technical defects of traditional support devices that cannot monitor the support status in real time and cannot dynamically compensate for the cutting and expanding diameter gap.

[0024] The telescopic head features a four-end linkage assembly angle adaptation support mechanism that works in conjunction with an adaptive telescopic locking mechanism to further improve the support adaptability and fitting accuracy of irregularly shaped, inclined inner wall workpieces, avoiding localized suspended support. For example... Figure 5As shown, the angle-adaptive support mechanism mainly consists of a support wheel 5, a hinge seat 501, a torsion spring seat 502, and a torsion spring assembly 503. The two ends of the torsion spring assembly 503 are inserted into the torsion spring seat 502 and the telescopic head 4, respectively. Under normal working conditions without external pressure, the torsion spring assembly 503 maintains the horizontal reference support posture of the hinge seat 501, ensuring vertical support and positive force support for conventional vertical inner wall workpieces, resulting in uniform and stable support force. When processing irregularly shaped thin-walled workpieces with an inclined inner wall, the support wheel 5, after contacting the inclined inner wall of the workpiece, will be subjected to an oblique extrusion force from the inner wall. This extrusion force can drive the hinge seat 501 to overcome the torsion spring torque and adaptively deflect a small angle, causing the wheel surface of the support wheel 5 to conform to the contour of the inclined inner wall of the workpiece, achieving a seamless and pressure-free fit support. When the workpiece cutting is completed, the expansion assembly 3 retracts radially, and the reset torque of the torsion spring assembly 503 can automatically drive the hinge seat 501 and the support wheel 5 to rotate and reset, returning to the initial reference posture, which facilitates the next workpiece clamping and support operation. At the same time, the outer surface of the support wheel 5 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which can reduce the friction loss between the wheel and the inner wall of the workpiece, improve the service life of the structure, and prevent metal rigid contact from scratching the precision-machined inner wall of the workpiece, effectively ensuring the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0025] The entire device is precisely matched and linked with the vertical lathe machining mechanism, forming an integrated collaborative operation system for clamping, support, adjustment, and cutting. The clamping assembly 6 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame 1 to stably clamp and rotate thin-walled workpieces, limiting horizontal workpiece displacement and ensuring stable workpiece machining datum. The cutting assembly 7 is slidably mounted on the lower part of the crossbeam 101, and can synchronously adjust vertically along with the crossbeam 101. The entire device forms a complete mechanical and electrical control linkage closed loop: coarse overall height adjustment is achieved through a dual-motor screw structure; fine adjustment of multi-layer support points is achieved through segmented independent screws; multi-point synchronous expansion and positioning is achieved through motor gear meshing and the Archimedes spiral arc groove 305 structure; the electrical control circuit monitors support failure status in real time and dynamically and adaptively compensates for support locking; and the hinged torsion spring structure achieves adaptive fitting of irregularly shaped workpiece angles. These mechanisms cooperate with each other, improving the structural rigidity and forming accuracy of the thin-walled workpiece machining process.

[0026] The complete workflow of this invention is as follows: First, based on the overall height specifications of the workpiece to be processed, two sets of first motors 103 are started, driving the screws 102 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the crossbeam 101 to rise and fall vertically as a whole, completing the rough positioning of the overall support height of the device; then, based on the workpiece processing height range, the segmented screws 202 are rotated to adjust the vertical position of the two sets of adjustable expansion components 3 at the top, cooperating with the fixed expansion components 3 at the bottom to construct a three-layer layered support system adapted to the workpiece length; after completing the point adjustment, each set of second motors 304 is started, driving the rotating disk 302 to rotate at a uniform speed through gear meshing, utilizing the trajectory constraint effect of the Archimedean spiral arc groove 305 to drive the three sets of first sliding... Rod 307 extends radially outward synchronously, causing the end support wheel 5 to fit against the inner wall of the workpiece, completing the initial adaptive angle fit and rigid support locking; clamping assembly 6 clamps and rotates the workpiece, and cutting assembly 7 cuts the workpiece. Throughout the subsequent cutting process, the device continuously monitors the support gap and support effectiveness in real time through the on / off state of the circuit between the electrical control contact 406 and the metal plate 407. Once the support becomes loose or the gap fails due to the expansion of the inner diameter of the workpiece during cutting, the adaptive micro-extension compensation logic is immediately triggered to automatically replenish the support and relock, maintaining the rigid gapless support of the inner wall of the workpiece, effectively suppressing cutting vibration, deformation and displacement, and ultimately achieving high-precision and high-stability automated cutting of thin-walled workpieces.

[0027] It should be noted that the upper and lower threads of the segmented screw 202 rotate in opposite directions, so that when the segmented screw 202 rotates in one direction, the expansion assembly 3 on the upper transmission section and the expansion assembly 3 on the lower transmission section move synchronously towards or away from each other, realizing the symmetrical lifting and lowering adjustment of the two sets of expansion assemblies 3.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the embodiments described above, all of which are within the protection scope of the embodiments described above.

Claims

1. An adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe, characterized in that, Including: Rack (1); The sliding column (2) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the crossbeam (101). The sliding column (2) has a sliding groove (201) inside, and a segmented screw (202) is rotatably installed inside the sliding groove (201). Three sets of expansion components (3) include a set of fixed expansion components fixed to the lower end of the slide column (2) and two sets of synchronous adjustment expansion components that are threadedly engaged with the two transmission sections respectively. When the segmented screw (202) rotates, the two sets of synchronous adjustment expansion components move up and down axially in sync. The expansion assembly (3) includes a first slide rod (307), and the end of the first slide rod (307) is provided with an adaptive telescopic locking mechanism. The adaptive telescopic locking mechanism includes a telescopic head (4), a push boss (402), a spring (405), an electronic control contact (406), and a metal sheet (407). When the telescopic head (4) is in contact with the push boss (402), the electronic control contact (406) and the metal sheet (407) are connected to form a rigid locking state. When the telescopic head (4) slides outward and separates, the circuit is disconnected and the rigid locking is released. The telescopic head (4) is provided with an angle-adaptive support mechanism at its end. The angle-adaptive support mechanism includes a support wheel (5), a hinge seat (501), and a torsion spring assembly (503). The support wheel (5) can be adaptively deflected by the inner wall surface of the workpiece and automatically reset through the torsion spring assembly (503) after it is released from the pressure.

2. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion assembly (3) includes a mounting plate (301), a rotating plate (302), a second motor (304), and a first slide rod (307). The second motor (304) engages to drive the rotating plate (302) to rotate. The rotating plate (302) has an arc-shaped groove (305) inside. The first slide rod (307) slides with the arc-shaped groove (305) to achieve radial extension and retraction. A crossbeam (101) is slidably mounted on the frame (1) and can move vertically; a drive screw mechanism includes two sets of first motors (103) and screws (102), the first motors (103) are fixed to the upper end of the frame (1), and the screws (102) are connected to the output end of the first motors (103) and are threadedly driven with the crossbeam (101); The frame (1) is provided with vertical slide rails on both sides, and sliders are matched at both ends of the crossbeam (101). The crossbeam (101) slides with the vertical slide rails through the sliders. Two sets of screws (102) are vertically symmetrically arranged inside the slide rails. The screws (102) are threadedly connected to the sliders. The screws (102) are rotatably installed inside the two sides of the frame (1).

3. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented screw (202) is provided with a limiting platform (203) in the middle. The limiting platform (203) divides the segmented screw (202) into two transmission sections. The limiting platform (203) is a ring structure. The outer diameter of the limiting platform (203) is larger than the width of the segmented screw (202). The limiting platform (203) forms a physical isolation between the two transmission sections.

4. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the expansion component (3) is equipped with a protective cover (310), which is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (302) by screws. The protective cover (310) covers the upper end of the rotating disk (302).

5. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped grooves (305) are arranged in three groups and are evenly distributed in a ring. The arc-shaped grooves (305) are opened using equidistant Archimedean spiral trajectories.

6. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive telescopic locking mechanism also includes a push boss (402), a limiting ring (403) and a moving rod (404). The spring (405) normally pushes the telescopic head (4) away from the push boss (402).

7. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control contact (406) is a protruding elastic telescopic structure with a built-in micro telescopic spring. Under normal conditions, the end of the electronic control contact (406) protrudes and is separated from the metal sheet (407). When the electronic control contact (406) is compressed into place, it presses tightly against the metal sheet (407) to conduct the circuit. The adaptive telescopic locking mechanism is in a rigid locking support state when the circuit is conducting.

8. The adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion spring assembly (503) normally maintains the reference support posture of the hinge seat (501), and the support wheel (5) can be adaptively deflected by the inner wall of the workpiece and automatically reset after being retracted.

9. An adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support wheel (5) is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

10. An adjustable workpiece auxiliary support device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping assembly (6) and a cutting assembly (7). The clamping assembly (6) is mounted on the bottom of the frame (1) for clamping and driving the workpiece to rotate. The cutting assembly (7) is slidably mounted on the lower part of the crossbeam (101) and can move relative to the workpiece to complete the cutting process.

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