High capacity pneumatic rotary clamp

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp, and relates to the technical field of pneumatic clamping tools.The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp comprises a shell, a piston rod, a rear end cover, a lower piston and a sleeve plate, a hollow groove is formed in the inner surface of the shell, the piston rod is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the hollow groove, and a spiral groove is formed in the surface bottom of the piston rod.The scheme is characterized in that independent double air paths are matched with a mechanical direction-changing structure of a ball bearing and a spiral groove, and differential driving design of upper and lower pistons is combined, so that the piston rod can be precisely rotated by 90 degrees for lifting and clamping and loosening without additional rotary driving components, the structure is compact and reliable, the clamping driving force is strong, the positioning precision is high, the clamp can be adapted to clamping of workpieces of multiple specifications, and the technical problems of a bulky structure of a traditional device, weak clamping capacity and poor positioning stability are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of pneumatic clamping tooling technology, and more specifically, to a high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing pneumatic rotary clamping devices suffer from core technological deficiencies in practical applications. Traditional pneumatic rotary clamping structures mostly employ a single air path drive and lack efficient differential drive coordination structures and precise mechanical direction-changing and limiting structures. Such structures cannot simultaneously meet the operational requirements of high clamping force output and precise rotary positioning while simplifying the equipment architecture. Most devices require additional rotary drive components to achieve the clamping and releasing rotary avoidance actions, resulting in a bulky overall structure, occupying a large installation space, and having high manufacturing costs. It also increases the risk of transmission structure failures.

[0003] Meanwhile, conventional clamping equipment has a single piston drive structure with insufficient downward clamping driving force, making it difficult to meet the clamping conditions of high load and high capacity workpieces. In addition, the matching accuracy between the rotation stroke and the axial stroke is poor, making it impossible to achieve a stable 90° precise rotation switch. The positioning repeatability and stability are poor, and it is very easy to have clamping deviation and insufficient clamping force. It cannot be adapted to the stable clamping operation of precision workpieces and multi-specification workpieces, which seriously restricts the operating accuracy and applicability of pneumatic clamping equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp, which, through an independent dual air path combined with a ball bearing and spiral groove mechanical direction-changing structure, and combined with a differential drive design of upper and lower pistons, can achieve precise 90-degree rotation and lifting clamping and releasing actions of the piston rod without additional rotary drive components. It has a compact and reliable structure, strong clamping drive force, and high positioning accuracy. At the same time, it can be adapted to clamping workpieces of various specifications, effectively solving the technical problems of bulky structure, weak clamping capacity, and poor positioning stability of traditional equipment.

[0005] A high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to an embodiment of this application includes a housing, a piston rod, a rear end cover, a lower piston, and a sleeve plate. A hollow groove is formed on the inner surface of the housing. The piston rod is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the hollow groove. A spiral groove is formed on the bottom surface of the piston rod. The rear end cover is installed below the inner cavity of the housing. A reversing ring plate is connected to the top of the rear end cover. A ball bearing is installed on the surface of the reversing ring plate. The ball bearing cooperates with the spiral groove. When the piston rod is moved, the ball bearing can drive the piston rod to rotate horizontally. The lower piston is fixedly fitted below the piston rod. The sleeve plate is fitted on the top surface of the housing. An air inlet hole one and an air inlet hole two are symmetrically penetrating one end of one side of the sleeve plate.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, a pressure plate is fitted on the top surface of the piston rod, the pressure plate being used to clamp and position the workpiece, and an upper piston is movably fitted above the surface of the piston rod.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the housing are respectively provided with an upper slot and a lower slot, the rear end cover is sealed and installed in the lower slot, and the top of the piston rod is provided through the end of the housing.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, a second ventilation groove is horizontally opened on one side of the inner cavity end of the housing, and the second ventilation groove is interconnected with the second air inlet and the inner cavity of the upper hollow groove, so as to introduce the gas of the first airflow channel into the inner cavity of the hollow groove.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the inner surface of the sleeve is provided with a vertical air-guiding groove, and the surface of the housing and one side of the air-guiding groove is provided with a ventilation groove. The air-guiding groove is connected to the inner cavity of the ventilation groove and the air inlet hole, respectively, so as to guide the gas of the second airflow channel to the inner cavity of the hollow groove and located between the lower piston and the upper piston.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, a vent hole is provided through the top of the piston rod cavity, and a through groove is provided through the inner surface of the piston rod vertically. The upper end of the vent hole is connected to the vent groove, and the lower end of the vent hole is connected to the bottom of the hollow groove cavity through the through groove, so that a part of the airflow in the first airflow channel enters the bottom of the hollow groove cavity through the vent hole and the through groove, pushing the piston rod and the lower piston to move upward.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the surface of the deflector plate is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting balls; The spiral groove is a spiral guide groove, and the lead of the spiral groove is matched with the axial stroke of the piston rod so that the piston rod can complete a 90-degree horizontal rotation while completing the set axial stroke.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the lower piston is fixedly fitted and locked below the piston rod, the upper piston is movably fitted above the piston rod with clearance fit, the outer diameters of the lower and upper pistons are slidably sealed to the inner diameter of the hollow groove, and a sealing ring is provided between the outer circular surface of the lower and upper pistons and the inner wall of the hollow groove.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the pressure plate is detachably connected to the piston rod by fasteners to adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different specifications, and the lower surface of the pressure plate is provided with an elastic buffer layer.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing, piston rod, rear end cover, reversing ring plate, and sleeve plate are all made of metal, and the balls are made of bearing steel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This device, relying on the precise directional change mechanism of the bottom spiral groove on the piston rod surface and the embedded ball bearings in the directional change ring plate, can automatically convert the axial linear motion of the piston rod into horizontal rotational motion. This eliminates the need for an additional independent rotary drive device, significantly simplifying the overall structure of the equipment, achieving a highly compact structure, effectively reducing the space occupied and manufacturing costs, while also reducing the failure rate of transmission components and improving the overall operational reliability and service life of the equipment. This device is equipped with two independent and non-interfering airflow channels, a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel, respectively controlling the upward rotation and release and downward rotation and clamping actions of the piston rod. The airflow delivery and power drive response speed is fast, and the action switching is precise and stable, effectively improving the overall working efficiency and motion control accuracy of the clamping device, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment. By using a differentiated assembly structure where the lower piston is fixedly fitted below the piston rod and the upper piston is movably fitted above the piston rod, the airflow introduced into the pressure chamber between the lower and upper pistons through the second airflow channel can form a differential drive effect, allowing the piston rod to obtain a greater downward driving force, effectively improving the clamping power of the device. With its high output capacity, this device meets the demands of high-capacity clamping operations. By precisely matching the spiral groove lead with the piston rod's axial stroke, it ensures that the piston rod rotates 90 degrees horizontally each time it completes the set axial stroke. This guarantees accurate and stable switching between the pressure plate and the vertical clamping position, resulting in high positioning accuracy and consistent repeatability. The pressure plate uses a detachable fastener connection structure, allowing for flexible replacement of the appropriate pressure plate based on the specifications, shape, and material of different workpieces. The elastic buffer layer on the lower surface of the pressure plate provides effective cushioning during clamping operations, preventing indentations and damage to the surfaces of precision and easily deformable workpieces due to rigid clamping. This significantly improves the device's versatility, adaptability, and workpiece clamping protection. Furthermore, sealing rings are installed between the rear end cover and the lower cavity of the housing, and between the lower and upper pistons and the inner wall of the hollow cavity of the housing. These seals comprehensively block airflow leakage channels, effectively ensuring the sealing and air pressure stability of the pneumatic drive process. This ensures continuous and stable clamping force output, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the equipment. It is widely adaptable to various workpiece clamping requirements under diverse working conditions.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the overall structural three-dimensional assembly schematic diagrams according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional assembly diagram of the overall structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is an exploded front view schematic diagram of the overall structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a top view of the overall structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the section cut at point AA along the middle; Figure 6 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the section cut at the CC point; Figure 7 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB; Figure 8 This is an exploded perspective view of the structure of the rear end cover, deflector ring plate, mounting groove, piston rod, spiral groove and pressure plate according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow channel and piston rod structure in the loosened state according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the airflow channel and piston rod structure clamping state according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the airflow channel and piston rod structure clamping state according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Icons: 100, Housing; 101, Hollow Groove; 102, Lower Hollow Groove; 103, Upper Hollow Groove; 110, Sleeve Plate; 200, Air Inlet One; 201, Air Drain Groove; 202, Vent Groove One; 210, Air Inlet Two; 211, Vent Groove Two; 300, Piston Rod; 301, Vent Hole; 302, Through Groove; 303, Spiral Groove; 310, Pressure Plate; 400, Rear End Cover; 410, Directional Ring Plate; 411, Mounting Groove; 420, Ball Bearing; 500, Lower Piston; 510, Upper Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figures 1-11 As shown, a high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to an embodiment of this application includes main components such as a housing 100, a sleeve plate 110, a piston rod 300, a pressure plate 310, a rear end cover 400, a reversing ring plate 410, ball bearings 420, a lower piston 500, and an upper piston 510. This invention achieves pneumatic rotary clamping function by setting two independent airflow channels to drive the piston rod 300 to complete two action cycles: upward rotation for releasing and downward rotation for clamping.

[0022] Specifically, the housing 100 is the basic load-bearing component of this invention, such as... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the overall structure is cylindrical and made of metal, preferably aluminum alloy or carbon steel, to balance strength and weight. A hollow groove 101 is formed along the axial direction on the inner surface of the housing 100. The hollow groove 101 is an annular cavity structure, forming the vertical movement space for the piston rod 300. The inner diameter of the hollow groove 101 matches the outer diameter of the piston rod 300, allowing the piston rod 300 to slide axially within the cavity of the hollow groove 101.

[0023] Furthermore, an upper hollow groove 103 and a lower hollow groove 102 are respectively provided through the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the housing 100. The upper hollow groove 103 is located in the upper region of the inner cavity of the housing 100, and its inner diameter is smaller than that of the hollow groove 101. It is used to accommodate the upper piston 510 and provide space for the upper piston 510 to move up and down. The lower hollow groove 102 is located in the lower region of the inner cavity of the housing 100, and its inner diameter is larger than that of the hollow groove 101. It is used to install components such as the rear end cover 400 and the deflector plate 410. The hollow groove 101, the lower hollow groove 102, and the upper hollow groove 103 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the housing 100 and are interconnected, forming a stepped continuous inner cavity structure inside the housing 100.

[0024] Specifically, the sleeve 110 is fitted onto the top surface of the housing 100. The sleeve 110 is a rectangular plate structure made of metal, preferably carbon steel. The inner diameter of the sleeve 110 is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the housing 100 or fixed by a threaded connection to achieve a stable connection between the sleeve 110 and the housing 100. The top end face of the sleeve 110 is higher than the top end face of the housing 100, forming a shield and guiding protection for the top through section of the piston rod 300. A first air inlet 200 and a second air inlet 210 are symmetrically penetrating both ends of one side of the sleeve 110. Both the first air inlet 200 and the second air inlet 210 are cylindrical channels that penetrate radially through the sleeve 110, used to connect to the compressed air sources of the two airflow channels respectively.

[0025] Specifically, the piston rod 300 is the core moving component of this invention, made of metal, preferably high-strength carbon steel that has undergone quenching treatment, to meet the wear resistance requirements of frequent reciprocating motion. The piston rod 300 is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the hollow groove 101, with its bottom positioned above the rear end cover 400, and its top extending through the housing 100 and out of the sleeve plate 110 to connect to the pressure plate 310.

[0026] Specifically, a spiral groove 303 is formed on the bottom surface of the piston rod 300. Several spiral grooves 303 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the piston rod 300, and each spiral groove 303 corresponds one-to-one with the mounting groove 411 on the surface of the deflector ring plate 410. The spiral groove 303 is a helical guide groove, and its helix angle and lead are designed according to the required axial stroke and rotation angle of the piston rod 300. In this embodiment, the lead of the spiral groove 303 matches the axial stroke of the piston rod 300, so that the piston rod 300 completes a 90-degree horizontal rotation while completing the set axial stroke.

[0027] As an alternative to the above embodiment, the number of spiral grooves 303 can be two, three, or four, and the number of mounting grooves 411 and balls 420 can be adjusted accordingly to adapt to application scenarios with different torque and rotational accuracy requirements. The more spiral grooves 303 there are, the more uniform the force on the piston rod 300 during rotation, and the smoother the movement.

[0028] The piston rod 300 has a vent hole 301 extending through the top of its inner cavity. The vent hole 301 is a cylindrical channel extending axially along the piston rod 300, used to guide a portion of the airflow in the first airflow channel. A through groove 302 extends vertically through the inner surface of the piston rod 300 from its upper part to its bottom, connecting the upper end of the vent hole 301 to the vent groove 211, and the lower end of the vent hole 301 to the bottom of the hollow groove 101 via the through groove 302. Through the cooperation of the vent hole 301 and the through groove 302, a portion of the airflow in the first airflow channel can be introduced from the upper part of the piston rod 300 to the bottom of the hollow groove 101, thereby pushing the piston rod 300 and the lower piston 500 upwards.

[0029] Specifically, the pressure plate 310 is mounted on the top surface of the piston rod 300 for clamping and positioning the workpiece. The pressure plate 310 is detachably mounted on the top surface of the piston rod 300 and is detachably connected to the piston rod 300 by fasteners, preferably bolts or nuts. The pressure plate 310 is made of metal, and its lower surface has an elastic buffer layer made of rubber or polyurethane material to provide cushioning protection and prevent damage to the workpiece surface when clamping it. Due to its detachable design, operators can replace the pressure plate 310 with different sizes or shapes to meet the clamping requirements of different workpiece specifications.

[0030] As an alternative to the above embodiments, the shape of the pressure plate 310 can be customized according to the specific shape of the workpiece, including but not limited to flat, L-shaped, V-shaped or arc-shaped, to adapt to the clamping and positioning requirements of different workpieces.

[0031] As an alternative to the above embodiments, the elastic buffer layer can be made of elastic materials such as rubber, polyurethane, silicone, or fluororubber to adapt to the clamping requirements of different workpiece materials and surface roughness. For workpieces with high surface precision requirements, an elastic buffer layer with lower hardness can be selected; for applications requiring greater clamping force, an elastic buffer layer with higher hardness can be selected.

[0032] Furthermore, the rear end cover 400 is installed below the inner cavity of the housing 100, specifically in a sealed installation at the lower slot 102. The rear end cover 400 has a disc-shaped structure, is made of metal, and its outer diameter is sealed to the inner diameter of the lower slot 102. A sealing ring is provided between the outer circular surface of the rear end cover 400 and the inner wall of the lower slot 102 to prevent airflow leakage from the bottom. The rear end cover 400 forms a seal to the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 100, and at the same time provides a support reference for the bottom of the steering ring plate 410 and the piston rod 300.

[0033] Specifically, a reversing ring plate 410 is connected to the top of the rear end cover 400. The reversing ring plate 410 is an annular sleeve structure made of metal and is fitted onto the bottom outer circumference of the piston rod 300. The reversing ring plate 410 and the rear end cover 400 can be fixedly connected by bolts, interference fit, or welding. The surface of the reversing ring plate 410 has multiple mounting grooves 411 for mounting balls 420. The mounting grooves 411 are spherical recesses evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the reversing ring plate 410, and each mounting groove 411 is fitted with a ball 420.

[0034] As an alternative to the above embodiments, the materials of the housing 100, piston rod 300, rear end cover 400, reversing ring plate 410, and sleeve plate 110 can be selected according to the operating environment and load requirements, including but not limited to metal materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel. For corrosive environments, each component can be made of stainless steel with a corrosion-resistant coating.

[0035] The ball 420 is a spherical rolling element made of bearing steel, and its diameter is matched with the depth of the mounting groove 411 and the width of the spiral groove 303. The ball 420 is embedded between the mounting groove 411 and the spiral groove 303, that is, the outer side of the ball 420 is embedded in the mounting groove 411, and the inner side of the ball 420 rolls in contact with the bottom of the spiral groove 303. When the piston rod 300 moves axially, the ball 420 rolls along the spiral guide surface of the spiral groove 303. Since the ball 420 is constrained to a fixed circumferential position by the deflector ring plate 410 through the mounting groove 411, the rolling of the ball 420 forces the piston rod 300 to rotate horizontally around its own axis while moving axially. Through the matching design of the lead of the spiral groove 303 and the axial stroke of the piston rod 300, the piston rod 300 completes a 90-degree horizontal rotation while completing the set axial stroke.

[0036] Specifically, the lower piston 500 is fixedly mounted below the piston rod 300. The lower piston 500 has a circular structure and is made of metal or wear-resistant engineering plastic. The lower piston 500 is fixedly mounted and locked below the piston rod 300 by fasteners or interference fit, so that the lower piston 500 and the piston rod 300 move synchronously. The outer diameter of the lower piston 500 slides and seals with the inner diameter of the hollow groove 101. A sealing ring is provided between the outer circular surface of the lower piston 500 and the inner wall of the hollow groove 101 to prevent airflow from leaking from the lower piston 500.

[0037] The upper piston 510 is movably fitted above the piston rod 300. The upper piston 510 has a circular structure and is made of metal or wear-resistant engineering plastic. The upper piston 510 is movably fitted above the piston rod 300 with a clearance fit, allowing it to slide independently relative to the piston rod 300 along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the upper piston 510 slides and seals with the inner diameter of the hollow groove 101. A sealing ring is provided between the outer surface of the upper piston 510 and the inner wall of the hollow groove 101 to prevent airflow leakage from the upper piston 510.

[0038] The lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510 are axially spaced on the piston rod 300, and the space between them forms a pneumatic chamber. When airflow is introduced between the lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510, the air pressure acts simultaneously on the bottom surface of the lower piston 500 and the top surface of the upper piston 510. Since the lower piston 500 is fixed to the piston rod 300, while the upper piston 510 moves along the piston rod 300, the two pistons produce displacements in opposite directions under the action of air pressure: the lower piston 500 moves downward and drives the piston rod 300 to move downward synchronously, while the upper piston 510 moves upward and slides along the piston rod 300.

[0039] The present invention is provided with two independent airflow channels: a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel, which are used to drive the piston rod 300 to complete the two actions of moving upward to release and moving downward to clamp, respectively.

[0040] Specifically, the first airflow channel consists of an air inlet 210, a ventilation slot 211, a ventilation hole 301, and a through slot 302.

[0041] The second air inlet 210 extends symmetrically to the front end of one side of the sleeve 110, serving as the inlet of the first airflow channel. The outer end of the second air inlet 210 is connected to an external compressed air source, and the inner end is connected to the second ventilation slot 211.

[0042] Specifically, the second ventilation slot 211 is horizontally formed on one side of the inner cavity of the housing 100, that is, in the upper region of the inner cavity of the housing 100. The second ventilation slot 211 is interconnected with the inner cavity of the second air inlet 210 and the upper cavity 103. When compressed gas enters from the second air inlet 210, it is guided into the inner cavity of the upper cavity 103 through the second ventilation slot 211, and then into the inner cavity of the hollow cavity 101.

[0043] The gas enters the hollow groove 101 and splits into two paths: the first path acts on the top surface of the upper piston 510, causing it to move downwards; the second path enters the bottom of the hollow groove 101 through the vent hole 301 and the through groove 302 of the piston rod 300, pushing the piston rod 300 and the lower piston 500 upwards. Under the combined action of the spiral groove 303 and the ball bearing 420, the piston rod 300 rotates horizontally while moving upwards, forming a... Figure 9 The pressure plate 310 shown is in the loosened state.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the second airflow channel consists of an air inlet 200, an air intake groove 201, and a ventilation groove 202.

[0045] The air inlet 200 extends symmetrically to the rear end of one side of the sleeve 110, serving as the inlet for the second airflow channel. The outer end of the air inlet 200 is connected to an external compressed air source, and the inner end is connected to the air intake groove 201.

[0046] Specifically, the air intake groove 201 is vertically formed on the inner surface of the sleeve plate 110, that is, on the mating surface between the sleeve plate 110 and the housing 100. The air intake groove 201 extends along the axial direction of the sleeve plate 110, with its upper end communicating with the inner cavity of the air inlet hole 200 and its lower end communicating with the ventilation groove 202.

[0047] Ventilation groove 202 is formed on the surface of housing 100 and located on one side of air intake groove 201. Ventilation groove 202 is a groove structure extending axially along housing 100. When sleeve plate 110 is fitted onto the surface of housing 100, air intake groove 201 and ventilation groove 202 are aligned and fitted to form an airflow channel. The inner end of ventilation groove 202 communicates with the inner cavity of hollow groove 101, and the communication position is located between lower piston 500 and upper piston 510.

[0048] Through the connection and cooperation of the air inlet 200, the air duct 201 and the ventilation duct 202, the gas in the second airflow channel is guided to the inner cavity of the hollow duct 101 and the air pressure chamber located between the lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510.

[0049] As an alternative to the above embodiments, air inlet 200 and air inlet 210 can be connected to independent solenoid directional valves and air pressure regulating valves respectively to realize automated control of the clamp and stepless adjustment of the clamping force.

[0050] The working process of this invention is divided into two stages: a releasing action and a clamping action. The two stages are driven independently by the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel, respectively.

[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, when the workpiece needs to be released, an external compressed air source supplies air through air inlet 210. The gas enters venting groove 211 through air inlet 210, and then is introduced into the inner cavity of upper cavity 103 through venting groove 211, and then into the inner cavity of hollow groove 101. The gas entering the inner cavity of hollow groove 101 is divided into two paths: In actual use, the first airflow acts on the top surface of the upper piston 510, and under the action of air pressure, it drives the upper piston 510 to move downward along the piston rod 300. After the upper piston 510 moves downward, it compresses the gas in the upper part of the hollow groove 101 downward, which helps to push the lower piston 500 upward.

[0052] The second airflow enters the piston rod 300 through the vent 301, and is then guided to the bottom of the hollow groove 101 via the through groove 302. This airflow creates an upward air pressure thrust at the bottom of the piston rod 300 and the lower piston 500, pushing the piston rod 300 and the lower piston 500 upward synchronously.

[0053] During the upward movement of the piston rod 300, the balls 420 are constrained to a fixed circumferential position by the mounting groove 411 of the reversing ring plate 410. The balls 420 roll along the helical groove 303 on the bottom surface of the piston rod 300, forcing the piston rod 300 to rotate horizontally around its own axis while moving upward. Through the lead design of the helical groove 303, the piston rod 300 completes a 90-degree horizontal rotation when it moves upward to the set stroke position.

[0054] The piston rod 300 moves upward and rotates, causing the pressure plate 310 to move upward and rotate 90 degrees simultaneously, so that the pressure plate 310 rotates from the vertical clamping position to the horizontal clearance position and moves upward, forming a shape as shown in the figure. Figure 9 The pressure plate 310 shown is in the loosened state, at which time the operator can freely pick up and put down the workpiece.

[0055] like Figure 10 As shown, when it is necessary to clamp the workpiece, the external compressed air source supplies air through the air inlet 200. The gas flows sequentially through the air inlet 200, the air guide groove 201 and the air passage groove 202 into the inner cavity of the hollow groove 101, and the airflow is guided to the air pressure chamber between the lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510.

[0056] Specifically, air pressure acts simultaneously on the bottom surface of the lower piston 500 and the top surface of the upper piston 510. Since the lower piston 500 is fixedly fitted below the piston rod 300, and the upper piston 510 is movably fitted above the piston rod 300, under the action of air pressure, the lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510 produce opposite displacements: the lower piston 500 moves downward and drives the piston rod 300 to move downward synchronously, while the upper piston 510 moves upward and slides along the piston rod 300.

[0057] Specifically, the lower piston 500 moves downward, causing the piston rod 300 to move downward. Under the action of the reversing ring plate 410 and with the cooperation of the helical groove 303 and the ball bearing 420, the piston rod 300 rotates horizontally around its own axis while moving downward. Through the lead design of the helical groove 303, the piston rod 300 completes a 90-degree horizontal rotation when it moves downward to the set stroke position.

[0058] In this process, the piston rod 300 moves downward and rotates, causing the pressure plate 310 to move downward and rotate 90 degrees simultaneously. This causes the pressure plate 310 to rotate from a horizontal clearance position to a vertical clamping position and move downward. The lower surface of the pressure plate 310 presses the workpiece, forming a... Figure 10 The pressure plate 310 shown is in a clamping state, completing the clamping and positioning of the workpiece.

[0059] In the clamped state, as long as the air pressure supply to the air inlet 200 is maintained, the pressure plate 310 will continuously apply a stable clamping force to the workpiece. When it is necessary to release the workpiece, the air supply to the air inlet 200 is cut off and the air supply is switched to the air inlet 210, which will drive the piston rod 300 to move in the opposite direction and return to the released state.

[0060] This solution uses a reversible coupling mechanism between the spiral groove 303 and the ball bearing 420 to automatically convert the linear motion of the piston rod 300 into rotational motion, achieving a combined action of upward rotational loosening and downward rotational clamping. No additional rotational drive device is required, resulting in a compact structure and high reliability.

[0061] The first and second airflow channels of this design control the two actions of releasing and clamping, respectively. The two channels are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, which can achieve rapid response and precise control, thereby improving the working efficiency of the clamp.

[0062] This solution fixes the lower piston 500 to the piston rod 300 and the upper piston 510 moves to the piston rod 300. When the airflow in the second airflow channel acts between the two, it produces a differential effect, which allows the piston rod 300 to obtain a greater downward driving force, thereby achieving high-capacity clamping output.

[0063] This solution precisely matches the lead of the spiral groove 303 with the axial stroke of the piston rod 300, ensuring that the piston rod 300 rotates precisely 90 degrees each time it completes the set stroke. This guarantees that the pressure plate 310 accurately switches between the clamping and releasing states, resulting in high positioning accuracy and good repeatability.

[0064] This solution provides cushioning protection when clamping workpieces by using an elastic buffer layer on the lower surface of the pressure plate 310, avoiding hard contact that could cause indentations or damage to the workpiece surface. It is particularly suitable for clamping precision workpieces and easily deformable materials.

[0065] The pressure plate 310 in this solution is detachably connected by fasteners. Operators can replace the appropriate pressure plate 310 according to the shape, size and material of different workpieces, thereby improving the versatility and applicability of the clamp.

[0066] This design incorporates sealing rings between the rear end cover 400 and the lower hollow groove 102, and between the lower piston 500 and the upper piston 510 and the inner wall of the hollow groove 101, effectively preventing airflow leakage and ensuring the stability of the pneumatic drive and the continuous output of clamping force.

[0067] It should be noted that the model and specifications of the electrical equipment involved in this solution need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0068] The power supply and operating principles of the electrical equipment involved in this solution are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0069] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0070] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp, characterized in that, Includes a housing (100), and a hollow groove (101) is formed on the inner surface of the housing (100). A piston rod (300) is vertically installed in the inner cavity of the hollow groove (101), and a spiral groove (303) is provided on the bottom surface of the piston rod (300). A rear end cover (400) is installed below the inner cavity of the housing (100). A reversing ring plate (410) is connected to the top of the rear end cover (400). A ball bearing (420) is installed on the surface of the reversing ring plate (410). The ball bearing (420) cooperates with the spiral groove (303). When the piston rod (300) is moved, the ball bearing (420) can drive the piston rod (300) to rotate horizontally. The lower piston (500) is fixedly fitted below the piston rod (300); A sleeve plate (110) is fitted onto the top surface of the housing (100). The sleeve plate (110) has an air inlet hole 1 (200) and an air inlet hole 2 (210) symmetrically penetrating its front and rear ends on one side.

2. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure plate (310) is fitted on the top of the surface of the piston rod (300), and the pressure plate (310) is used to clamp and position the workpiece. An upper piston (510) is movably fitted on the top of the surface of the piston rod (300).

3. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the housing (100) is provided with an upper slot (103) and a lower slot (102) through the upper and lower ends respectively. The rear end cover (400) is sealed and installed at the lower slot (102). The top of the piston rod (300) is provided through the end of the housing (100).

4. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the housing (100) is provided with a horizontal ventilation groove (211) on one side, and the ventilation groove (211) is connected to the inner cavity of the air inlet (210) and the upper cavity (103) respectively, so as to introduce the gas of the first airflow channel into the inner cavity of the hollow cavity (101).

5. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the sleeve plate (110) is provided with a vertical air intake groove (201), and the surface of the housing (100) and one side of the air intake groove (201) is provided with a ventilation groove (202). The air intake groove (201) is connected to the inner cavity of the ventilation groove (202) and the air inlet hole (200) respectively, so as to guide the gas of the second airflow channel to the inner cavity of the hollow groove (101) and located between the lower piston (500) and the upper piston (510).

6. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that, A vent hole (301) is provided through the top of the inner cavity of the piston rod (300), and a through groove (302) is provided through the inner surface of the piston rod (300). The upper end of the vent hole (301) is connected to the second vent groove (211), and the lower end of the vent hole (301) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow groove (101) through the through groove (302), so that a part of the airflow in the first airflow channel enters the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow groove (101) through the vent hole (301) and the through groove (302), pushing the piston rod (300) and the lower piston (500) to move upward.

7. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the deflection ring plate (410) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (411) for mounting the balls (420). The spiral groove (303) is a spiral guide groove. The lead of the spiral groove (303) matches the axial stroke of the piston rod (300) so that the piston rod (300) can complete a 90-degree horizontal rotation while completing the set axial stroke.

8. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower piston (500) is fixedly fitted and locked below the piston rod (300), and the upper piston (510) is movably fitted above the piston rod (300) with clearance fit. The outer diameters of the lower piston (500) and the upper piston (510) are slidably sealed with the inner diameter of the hollow groove (101). A sealing ring is provided between the outer circular surface of the lower piston (500) and the upper piston (510) and the inner wall of the hollow groove (101).

9. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure plate (310) is detachably connected to the piston rod (300) by fasteners to adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different specifications. The lower surface of the pressure plate (310) is provided with an elastic buffer layer.

10. The high-capacity pneumatic rotary clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (100), piston rod (300), rear end cover (400), reversing ring plate (410) and sleeve plate (110) are all made of metal, and the ball (420) is made of bearing steel.

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