A multi-functional positioning device for workpieces based on CNC machining and a method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a workpiece multifunctional positioning device based on CNC machining and a use method, and relates to the technical field of workpiece positioning. The application comprises a positioning box arranged in a machining center and used for positioning a workpiece body, and further comprises a driving unit, a positioning unit, a steering assembly, an outer positioning assembly and an inner positioning assembly. The outer positioning assembly is internally provided with a plurality of outer positioning seats used for realizing the positioning of the outer part of the workpiece body. The application has the advantages that: the inner and outer double positioning structure formed by the inner and outer positioning seats can realize the accurate positioning of the workpiece, the flexible clamping mode of elastic extrusion can be adopted to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes, the range of adaptation is wider, the vibration generated during the machining of the workpiece can be offset, the machining precision is higher, the position and angle of the workpiece can be adjusted in the positioning state, multifunctional positioning and machining can be realized, and the functionality is stronger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of workpiece positioning, and in particular to a multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machining centers, also known as computer numerical control machine tools, refer to machines that use computer control programs to control the machine to perform fully automatic cutting, drilling, milling and other processes on workpieces. Machining centers are usually equipped with positioning devices to position the workpiece, thereby keeping the workpiece stable during machining and improving machining accuracy. Existing positioning devices employ various methods to achieve workpiece positioning. For example, a workpiece positioning device with publication number CN104551790B includes a rotary cylinder fixed on a rotating spindle of a machine tool; a connecting rod fixedly connected to the piston rod of the rotary cylinder; a flange fixture with a positioning table for supporting the workpiece; a connecting rod rotatably supported on the flange fixture and connected to the connecting rod; a pressure plate rotatably connected to the flange fixture and having a positioning part for pressing the workpiece onto the positioning table; and a guide shaft with both ends connected to the connecting rod and the pressure plate, respectively. Existing positioning devices typically use symmetrical clamping with clamping plates to position workpieces. This positioning method has significant limitations, as it cannot adapt to workpieces of different shapes and sizes. Furthermore, it is usually a rigid clamping method, which cannot counteract vibrations generated during drilling, cutting, and other processing. Workpieces are prone to shifting, affecting processing accuracy. For example, the aforementioned prior art uses only pressure plates to rigidly fix the workpiece, which not only fails to counteract vibrations generated during processing and results in low processing accuracy, but also prevents the fixed workpiece from being repositioned and thus cannot achieve multi-position processing, thus having certain limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining and its usage method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-functional workpiece positioning device and its usage method based on CNC machining, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining, comprising a positioning box disposed in a machining center for positioning the main body of the workpiece, and further comprising: The drive unit, located inside the positioning box, includes an air-driving assembly, a pressurizing assembly, and a displacement assembly. The air-driving assembly contains multiple air-driving impellers for generating airflow, the pressurizing assembly contains a miniature pressurizing pump for converting airflow into compressed air, and the displacement assembly contains a displacement frame for driving the workpiece body to reciprocate. The positioning unit, located within the displacement frame, includes a steering component, an outer positioning component, and an inner positioning component. The steering component contains a steering motor for driving the overall steering of the workpiece body. The outer positioning component contains multiple outer positioning seats for positioning the workpiece body externally. The inner positioning component contains multiple inner positioning seats for positioning the workpiece body internally.

[0005] Preferably, the machining center is equipped with an intelligent control computer, which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the drive unit and the positioning unit to realize fully automatic positioning of the workpiece body.

[0006] Preferably, the drive unit includes a servo motor fixedly installed in the positioning box, and a drive roller is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor. A one-way bearing is provided on the drive roller, and the one-way bearing cooperates with the forward rotation of the drive roller.

[0007] Preferably, the induced draft assembly includes a chip collection box fixedly installed in the positioning box, and the chip collection box is rotatably connected to a one-way bearing. Multiple induced draft impellers are fixedly installed on the one-way bearing, and the multiple induced draft impellers are located inside the chip collection box. A filter plate for blocking processing chips is fixedly installed inside the chip collection box, and a chip discharge pipe for discharging chips is fixedly connected to the chip collection box and cooperates with the filter plate. An adsorption corrugated pipe for adsorbing processing chips and air is fixedly connected between the chip collection box and the displacement frame, and the air outlet end of the adsorption corrugated pipe is located on the side of the filter plate. An exhaust pipe for residual air is provided on the chip collection box.

[0008] Preferably, the booster assembly includes an air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the chip collection box for discharging airflow, the micro booster pump is fixedly installed on the side of the chip collection box, the micro booster pump is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is threadedly connected to the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet is threadedly connected to the positioning box with an air blower for outputting compressed air.

[0009] Preferably, the displacement assembly includes a partition plate fixedly installed inside the positioning box. A linkage roller is rotatably installed on the upper part of the partition plate inside the positioning box. A one-way bearing is provided on the drive roller, and the one-way bearing cooperates with the reverse rotation of the drive roller. A transmission belt for transmitting power is sleeved between the one-way bearing and the linkage roller. A reciprocating screw is fixedly installed on the linkage roller. Two movable slides are opened on the positioning box, and a traction frame is slidably installed on each of the two movable slides. The displacement frame is fixedly installed on the upper part of the two traction frames. A ball nut disc that cooperates with the reciprocating screw is fixedly installed on both traction frames.

[0010] Preferably, the steering assembly includes a support cylinder fixedly installed within the displacement frame, and a steering motor fixedly installed within the support cylinder, with a steering bracket for driving steering fixedly installed on the drive end of the steering motor.

[0011] Preferably, the external positioning component includes an air storage ring fixedly mounted on the steering bracket, an air replenishment ring rotatably connected to the outside of the air storage ring, and the air replenishment ring is connected to the air storage ring. An air intake bellows for conveying compressed air is fixedly connected between the air replenishment ring and the air blower. Multiple air guide support platforms are fixedly connected to the air storage ring through multiple air inlet pipes. Each of the air guide support platforms is fixedly connected to multiple air inlet pipes, each air inlet pipe is slidably installed with a push piston frame, each push piston frame is fixedly installed with a compression spring rod, and multiple external positioning seats are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rods.

[0012] Preferably, the internal positioning assembly includes multiple air supply pipes for supplying compressed air that are fixedly connected within the air storage ring. A guide column is fixedly connected to the multiple air supply pipes. A lifting piston frame is slidably installed inside the guide column, and a hexagonal plate is fixedly installed on the lifting piston frame. Multiple compression spring rods are fixedly installed on the hexagonal plate, and multiple internal positioning seats are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rods. The multiple inner positioning seats and multiple outer positioning seats are all made of elastic rubber material, and the air guide column and multiple air guide support platforms are all equipped with electronic pressure relief pipes for releasing compressed air.

[0013] A method for using a CNC-machining-based multi-functional workpiece positioning device, for use in the aforementioned multi-functional workpiece positioning device, includes the following steps: S1. Place the workpiece body to be processed between multiple external positioning seats; S2. The air intake component in the start-up drive unit generates wind and airflow, and the micro booster pump in the booster component boosts the wind and airflow, converting it into compressed air and delivering it to the outer positioning component and the inner positioning component. S3. Activate the external positioning component to move multiple external positioning seats to perform external positioning of the workpiece body, and activate the internal positioning component to move multiple internal positioning seats to perform internal positioning of the workpiece body. S4. Start the displacement component to adjust the horizontal position of the displacement frame and the workpiece body above it, and start the steering component to adjust the angular position of the workpiece body, so as to achieve multi-position adjustment of the workpiece body without changing the positioning state.

[0014] This invention provides a multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining and its usage method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. When positioning a workpiece, this positioning device adopts a double positioning structure consisting of multiple outer positioning seats and multiple inner positioning seats, which can achieve stable clamping of the workpiece body. Moreover, the outer positioning seats and inner positioning seats can be elastically extended and retracted, which can adapt to workpiece bodies of different shapes and sizes, resulting in better positioning effect and wider application range.

[0015] 2. When positioning a workpiece, this positioning device uses compressed air to drive the outer and inner positioning seats to move, which can apply a stable compressive force to the workpiece body. At the same time, with the elastic rubber material of the positioning seat and the buffer of the spring, the workpiece body is flexibly clamped, which can effectively counteract the vibration generated during the processing of the workpiece body, avoid workpiece displacement, and significantly improve processing accuracy.

[0016] 3. When positioning a workpiece, this positioning device can flexibly adjust the horizontal and angular positions of the workpiece body in the positioning state through the cooperation of the displacement component and the steering component. It can realize multi-directional processing of the workpiece body without re-clamping, which can reduce clamping errors and improve the processing efficiency of the workpiece body.

[0017] 4. When positioning a workpiece, this positioning device uses a combination of displacement frame collection and adsorption bellows to collect machining debris generated during workpiece processing in real time. This effectively prevents debris from accumulating on the workpiece and positioning seat, thus avoiding debris affecting positioning and processing accuracy. Furthermore, the negative pressure suction increases the airflow velocity near the workpiece and positioning seat, achieving synchronous cooling of the workpiece and positioning seat and improving the durability of the positioning seat.

[0018] In summary, this invention achieves precise workpiece positioning through an internal and external dual positioning structure composed of internal and external positioning seats. At the same time, the flexible clamping method of elastic compression can adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes, thus having a wider range of applications. It can also counteract the vibration generated during workpiece processing, resulting in higher processing accuracy. Furthermore, it can adjust the position and angle of the workpiece in the positioning state, achieving multi-functional positioning and processing with enhanced functionality.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining proposed in this invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after rotation at a certain angle; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning box and the displacement frame; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure after rotation at a certain angle; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Internal structure diagram of the positioning box; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The front view; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the positioning box; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chip box and the linkage roller; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the servo motor and chip collection box; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chip box; Figure 11 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-displacement frame and multiple air guide support platforms; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A structural decomposition diagram; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central gas storage ring and multiple gas guiding support platforms; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of the structure of the central guide gas support platform; Figure 15 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas storage ring and the gas guide column; Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the central guide column.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Machining center; 2. Intelligent control computer; 3. Positioning box; 4. Displacement frame; 5. Air blower; 6. Workpiece body; 7. Air guide support platform; 8. Moving slide; 9. Air inlet bellows; 10. Servo motor; 11. Drive roller; 12. Chip collection box; 13. Micro booster pump; 14. Separator plate; 15. Chip removal pipe; 16. One-way bearing 1; 17. One-way bearing 2; 18. Transmission belt; 19. Adsorption bellows; 20. Linkage roller; 21. Reciprocating screw; 22. Ball bearing nut disc; 23. Traction frame; 24. Filter impeller; 25. Exhaust fan impeller; 26. Support cylinder; 27. Steering bracket; 28. Air storage ring; 29. ​​Air replenishment ring; 30. Air inlet pipe; 31. Compression spring rod; 32. Outer positioning seat; 33. Upper air pipe; 34. Electronic pressure relief pipe; 35. Air guide column; 36. Hexagonal plate; 37. Inner positioning seat; 38. Compression spring rod; 39. Air delivery pipe; 40. Lifting piston frame. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-4 A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining includes a positioning box 3 for positioning the workpiece body 6, which is set in the machining center 1. The positioning box 3 is set in the machining center 1 and has an inspection door. The machining center 1 is equipped with an opening and closing door adapted to the inspection door, which is used to inspect and maintain the internal structure of the positioning box 3 through the opening and closing door and the inspection door.

[0024] This positioning device also includes: The drive unit, located inside the positioning box 3, provides power to the entire device, generates airflow and pressurizes it to become a power source to achieve stable positioning of the workpiece body 6. At the same time, it can realize the horizontal movement of the workpiece body 6 and the real-time adsorption of processing debris. A single power source can achieve multiple functions such as air supply, part moving, and chip collection. The power utilization is efficient, and the airflow can be recycled, saving energy and cleaning the workstation, ensuring a stable processing environment.

[0025] The positioning unit is set inside the displacement frame 4. The positioning unit can realize the flexible clamping of the workpiece body 6 on both the inner and outer sides. It can adapt to workpiece bodies 6 of different shapes and sizes, and the positioning is firm and does not shift. It can also buffer the vibration generated during processing. At the same time, the workpiece body 6 can be adjusted in position in the positioning state without secondary clamping, thus improving processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0026] The machining center 1 is equipped with an intelligent control computer 2, which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the drive unit and the positioning unit to realize the fully automatic positioning of the workpiece body 6.

[0027] Example 2: Refer to Figures 4-10The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the driving unit includes an air-guiding component, a pressurizing component and a displacement component. The air-guiding component is provided with multiple air-guiding impellers 25 for generating wind-driven airflow. The pressurizing component is provided with a miniature pressurizing pump 13 for converting wind-driven airflow into compressed air. The displacement component is provided with a displacement frame 4 for driving the workpiece body 6 to reciprocate.

[0028] The drive unit includes a servo motor 10 fixedly installed in the positioning box 3, and a drive roller 11 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor 10. A one-way bearing 16 is provided on the drive roller 11, and the one-way bearing 16 cooperates with the forward rotation of the drive roller 11. The servo motor 10 is started under the control of the intelligent control computer 2, which drives the drive roller 11 to rotate. The forward and reverse rotation direction and rotation speed of the drive roller 11 can be controlled to realize the conversion and transmission of the drive of the servo motor 10. When the servo motor 10 starts, it drives the drive roller 11 to rotate. When the drive roller 11 rotates in the forward direction, it will drive the one-way bearing 16 to rotate synchronously.

[0029] The air extraction assembly includes a chip collection box 12 fixedly installed in the positioning box 3, and the chip collection box 12 is rotatably connected to a one-way bearing 16. Multiple air extraction impellers 25 are fixedly installed on the one-way bearing 16, and the multiple air extraction impellers 25 are located inside the chip collection box 12. An adsorption corrugated pipe 19 for adsorbing processing chips and air is fixedly connected between the chip collection box 12 and the displacement frame 4. When the one-way bearing 16 rotates, it will drive the multiple induced draft impellers 25 on it to rotate. When the induced draft impellers 25 rotate, they will generate negative pressure suction in the chip collection box 12. The negative pressure suction acts on the adsorption bellows 19, which can adsorb the processing chips that fall on the displacement frame 4 through the adsorption bellows 19. At the same time, it adsorbs the air near the displacement frame 4 into the chip collection box 12, thus completing the adsorption and conduction of air and chips.

[0030] By using the adsorption effect of the adsorption bellows 19, the processing debris can be adsorbed in real time, avoiding the accumulation of debris on the workpiece body 6 and the positioning unit, and preventing the debris from affecting the positioning and processing accuracy. At the same time, the airflow generated during adsorption will carry away the heat on the workpiece body 6 and the positioning unit, realizing the synchronous cooling of the workpiece body 6 and the positioning unit, effectively improving the service life of the positioning unit, and preventing the workpiece body 6 from overheating and being damaged.

[0031] The chip collection box 12 is fixedly installed with a filter inclined plate 24 for blocking processing chips, and the air outlet of the adsorption corrugated pipe 19 is located on the side of the filter inclined plate 24. When the air and chips entering the chip collection box 12 come into contact with the filter inclined plate 24, the filter inclined plate 24 will block the chips and prevent them from passing through the filter inclined plate 24, while the air will pass through the filter inclined plate 24, thus realizing the automatic separation of wind power airflow and chips.

[0032] The chip collection box 12 is fixedly connected to a chip discharge baffle 15 that cooperates with the filter plate 24 for discharging chips. The chips intercepted by the filter plate 24 will accumulate at the bottom of the chip collection box 12, and the chip discharge baffle 15 can be opened periodically to discharge the accumulated chips.

[0033] The chip collection box 12 is equipped with an excess air exhaust pipe, which is used to discharge excess air inside the chip collection box 12 after positioning is completed, balance the air pressure inside the chip collection box 12 in real time, and prevent overpressure.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the booster assembly includes an air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the chip collection box 12 for discharging airflow, a micro booster pump 13 fixedly installed on the side of the chip collection box 12, the micro booster pump 13 is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is threadedly connected to the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet end is threadedly connected to the positioning box 3 with an air blower 5 for outputting compressed air. The airflow in the chip collection box 12 is transmitted to the micro booster pump 13 through the air outlet pipe. At this time, the micro booster pump 13 will start to compress and boost the airflow, converting it into compressed air with higher pressure. The compressed air will be discharged through the air outlet into the air blower 5 and then transported to the positioning unit through the air blower 5 to provide a driving source for the positioning of the workpiece body 6.

[0035] The micro booster pump 13 is a commonly used pressurization device in the prior art. It is mainly used to compress air and increase its pressure to form a stable high-pressure airflow, thereby providing sufficient pneumatic thrust to the positioning unit to ensure that it can accurately and reliably position the workpiece body 6. At the same time, it provides the necessary airflow pressure to the negative pressure adsorption system in the chip collection box 12, improves the intensity of chip suction and station cleaning, and can assist in the micro-displacement adjustment of the workpiece body 6 through airflow control to ensure micro-positioning accuracy during the processing. This device is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the displacement assembly includes a partition plate 14 fixedly installed in the positioning box 3. A linkage roller 20 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the partition plate 14 in the positioning box 3. A one-way bearing 17 is provided on the drive roller 11, and the one-way bearing 17 cooperates with the reverse rotation of the drive roller 11. A transmission belt 18 for transmitting power is sleeved between the one-way bearing 17 and the linkage roller 20. When the workpiece body 6 on the positioning unit needs to move, the servo motor 10 can be started to drive the drive roller 11 to rotate in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the drive roller 11 will drive the one-way bearing 17 to rotate (at this time, the one-way bearing 16 does not rotate). The rotation of the one-way bearing 17 will drive the linkage roller 20 to rotate under the action of the transmission belt 18. This completes the power conversion of the servo motor 10 output and is distinguished from the positioning of the workpiece body 6, so as to avoid the movement process affecting the positioning state.

[0037] A reciprocating screw 21 is fixedly installed on the linkage roller 20. Two movable slides 8 are opened on the positioning box 3, and a traction frame 23 is slidably installed on each of the two movable slides 8. The displacement frame 4 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the two traction frames 23. A ball nut disc 22 that cooperates with the reciprocating screw 21 is fixedly installed on both traction frames 23. When the linkage roller 20 rotates, it drives the reciprocating screw 21 to rotate. The rotation of the reciprocating screw 21 drives the ball nut disc 22 that is fitted on it to move. By utilizing the structural cooperation between the ball nut disc 22 and the reciprocating screw 21, the unidirectional rotation of the reciprocating screw 21 drives the ball nut disc 22 to move back and forth on it. When the ball nut disc 22 moves back and forth, it drives the two traction frames 23 to move synchronously, which in turn drives the displacement frame 4 on it to move back and forth. When the displacement frame 4 moves, it drives the positioning unit on it and the workpiece body 6 to move laterally. This allows for flexible adjustment of the lateral position of the workpiece body 6, enabling multi-position processing, and the lateral movement does not affect the state of the workpiece body 6.

[0038] The cooperation between the reciprocating lead screw 21 and the ball nut disc 22 is existing technology. The specific principle is as follows: the reciprocating lead screw 21 is a form of three-dimensional cam pair. Its specific structure consists of two threaded grooves with the same pitch and opposite directions of rotation. The two ends of the lead screw are connected by a transition curve. By rotating the lead screw, the side of the helical groove pushes the balls located in the helical groove of the ball nut disc 22 to make axial reciprocating motion. The reciprocating motion of the balls will drive the ball nut disc 22 to move back and forth. That is, when the reciprocating lead screw 21 rotates in one direction, it can drive the ball nut disc 22 to make it move linearly back and forth on the reciprocating lead screw 21.

[0039] Example 3: Refer to Figures 4-7 as well as Figures 11-16 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment two is that the positioning unit includes a steering component, an outer positioning component and an inner positioning component. The steering component is provided with a steering motor for driving the workpiece body 6 to turn as a whole. The outer positioning component is provided with a plurality of outer positioning seats 32 for external positioning of the workpiece body 6. The inner positioning component is provided with a plurality of inner positioning seats 37 for internal positioning of the workpiece body 6.

[0040] The steering assembly includes a support cylinder 26 fixedly installed in the displacement frame 4, and a steering motor fixedly installed in the support cylinder 26. A steering bracket 27 for driving steering is fixedly installed on the drive end of the steering motor. When the steering motor starts, it will drive the steering bracket 27 on its drive end to rotate. When the steering bracket 27 rotates, it will drive the outer positioning component and the inner positioning component on it to rotate synchronously, and then drive the workpiece body 6 positioned on it to rotate synchronously. This allows for flexible adjustment of the angle position of the workpiece body 6 to adapt to multi-angle processing, and the steering process will not affect the overall positioning state of the workpiece body 6.

[0041] The external positioning component includes an air storage ring 28 fixedly mounted on the steering bracket 27. An air replenishment ring 29 is rotatably connected to the outside of the air storage ring 28, and the air replenishment ring 29 is connected to the air storage ring 28. An air intake bellows 9 for conveying compressed air is fixedly connected between the air replenishment ring 29 and the air blower 5. Compressed air in the blasting pipe 5 is delivered to the air replenishing ring 29 through the intake bellows 9, and then to the air storage ring 28 through the air replenishing ring 29, thus completing the transmission of compressed air. The air replenishing ring 29 and the air storage ring 28 are rotatably connected, so that when the air storage ring 28 rotates with the steering bracket 27, the air replenishing ring 29 will not rotate under the restriction of the intake bellows 9, and will not affect the normal delivery of compressed air, thereby avoiding the air replenishing ring 29 affecting the normal rotation of the air storage ring 28.

[0042] Both the intake bellows 9 and the adsorption bellows 19 are used to transport air. Both are made of bellows material, which allows them to extend and bend at any angle, thereby adapting to the lateral movement of the displacement frame 4. This ensures that the intake bellows 9 and the adsorption bellows 19 will not be damaged or affect the normal transport of air when the displacement frame 4 moves laterally.

[0043] Multiple air guide support platforms 7 are fixedly connected to the air storage ring 28 through multiple air inlet pipes 33. Multiple air inlet pipes 30 are fixedly connected to each air guide support platform 7. A push piston frame is slidably installed in each air inlet pipe 30. A compression spring rod 31 is fixedly installed on each push piston frame. Multiple external positioning seats 32 are fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rod 31. Compressed air in the air storage ring 28 is injected into the air guide support platform 7 through the upper air pipe 33. The compressed air in the air guide support platform 7 is then delivered to the air inlet pipe 30 and pushes the piston frame to move. When the piston frame moves, it will drive the compression spring rod 31 and the outer positioning seat 32 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the outer positioning seat 32 so that it is pressed and adhered to the side of the workpiece body 6.

[0044] When positioning the workpiece body 6, it is first placed on multiple air guide support platforms 7, and then the external positioning assembly is activated to push multiple compression spring rods 31 and external positioning seats 32 to move, so that the multiple external positioning seats 32 are pressed and attached to different positions on the side of the workpiece body 6, and the workpiece body 6 can be firmly pressed and positioned under the elastic compression action of the compression spring rods 31.

[0045] The pressure applied by the push piston frame to the compression spring rod 31 can be flexibly adjusted according to the material of the workpiece body 6 to control the compression amplitude of the compression spring rod 31, thereby adjusting the compression force of the outer positioning seat 32 on the workpiece body 6, avoiding excessive compression force that could cause deformation of the workpiece body 6, and also avoiding detachment due to insufficient compression force.

[0046] With the cooperation of the compression spring rod 31 and the outer positioning seat 32, it can flexibly adapt to the side of the workpiece body 6 with different shapes. That is, when the side of the workpiece body 6 is convex, the compression spring rod 31 that is pressed against it has a larger compression amplitude, while when the side of the workpiece body 6 is concave, the compression spring rod 31 that is pressed against it has a smaller compression amplitude, so that the workpiece body 6 with different shapes can be stably clamped and positioned.

[0047] The compression spring rod 31 uses an elastic buffer combined with a flexible vibration absorption principle to achieve vibration reduction. During positioning, it expands and contracts with air pressure to fit the side of the workpiece body 6, changing the rigid contact to an elastic contact. When the vibration generated by the processing of the workpiece body 6 is transmitted to the compression spring rod 31, the compression spring rod 31 continuously absorbs the vibration energy through its own compression and rebound, avoiding the direct transmission of vibration and causing the workpiece body 6 to shift. At the same time, it works with the outer positioning seat 32 to achieve double buffering to weaken the vibration impact caused by cutting and drilling, maintain stable positioning, and improve processing accuracy.

[0048] In a further embodiment, the internal positioning component includes a plurality of air supply pipes 39 for supplying compressed air, which are fixedly connected within the air storage ring 28. A guide column 35 is fixedly connected to the plurality of air supply pipes 39. A lifting piston frame 40 is slidably installed inside the guide column 35. A hexagonal plate 36 is fixedly installed on the lifting piston frame 40. A plurality of compression spring rods 38 are fixedly installed on the hexagonal plate 36. A plurality of internal positioning seats 37 are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rods 38. Once the workpiece body 6 is externally positioned, multiple air supply pipes 39 can be opened to deliver compressed air from the air storage ring 28 to the air guide column 35. The increase in air in the air guide column 35 will push the lifting piston frame 40 upward. When the lifting piston frame 40 moves upward, it will drive the hexagonal plate 36 to move upward synchronously. When the hexagonal plate 36 moves upward, it will drive multiple inner positioning seats 37 to move upward through multiple compression spring rods 38.

[0049] The multiple inner positioning seats 37 are triangular wedge-shaped. The triangular wedge structure of the inner positioning seats 37 gradually contacts the inner wall of the workpiece body 6 when it moves upward. Under the action of the inner thrust of the workpiece body 6, its wedge-shaped surface is evenly attached to the inner hole or inner cavity wall of the workpiece body 6. With the adaptive centering of the inclined plane, the center of the workpiece body 6 is automatically aligned. When pushed to the highest point, the multiple inner positioning seats 37 are all located inside the workpiece body 6 and are pressed against its inner hole wall. In combination with the extrusion force applied by the compression spring rod 38, an extrusion force is applied to the workpiece body 6 from the inside out, realizing the internal positioning of the workpiece body 6. This, combined with the external positioning, further improves the positioning effect of the workpiece body 6 and makes the positioning stability better.

[0050] The inner positioning seat 37 adopts a triangular wedge shape to provide radial and circumferential constraints simultaneously. Combined with elastic buffer, it can ensure tight fit and accurate positioning, as well as buffer processing vibration and prevent damage to the inner hole of the workpiece body 6. It can also be adapted to workpiece bodies 6 with various inner diameters, making it more functional.

[0051] Multiple inner positioning seats 37 and multiple outer positioning seats 32 are made of elastic rubber material, which can avoid scratches and deformation of the workpiece body 6 caused by rigid compression by elastic contact. It is especially suitable for precision parts and thin-walled parts, and can also effectively absorb cutting vibration during processing, reduce the offset of the workpiece body 6, and significantly improve processing accuracy and stability. It can also adapt to the tiny bumps and depressions on the surface of the workpiece body 6, making it fit more tightly when clamped and the clamping force more uniform and stable. It can elastically deform to be compatible with workpiece bodies 6 of different sizes and shapes, and can adapt to multiple types of workpieces without changing the fixture, effectively improving processing efficiency.

[0052] The air guide column 35 and multiple air guide support platforms 7 are equipped with electronic pressure relief pipes 34 for releasing compressed air. After positioning is completed, the electronic pressure relief pipes 34 can be opened to automatically release the compressed air in the air guide column 35 and multiple air guide support platforms 7, so that multiple outer positioning seats 32 and inner positioning seats 37 automatically return to their original positions, realizing automatic unlocking of the workpiece body 6, and making disassembly after positioning more convenient and faster.

[0053] The working principle of this positioning device is as follows: When positioning the workpiece body 6, it is first placed on multiple air guide support platforms 7, and then the servo motor 10 is started to drive the drive roller 11 and the one-way bearing 16 to rotate forward. Under the rotation of multiple air induced impellers 25, air is adsorbed through the adsorption bellows 19, and after being pressurized by the micro booster pump 13 in the booster assembly, it is converted into compressed air with higher pressure. The compressed air is discharged into the blower pipe 5 through the air outlet, and is transported to the air replenishment ring 29 through the air inlet bellows 9, and then transported to the air storage ring 28 through the air replenishment ring 29, thus completing the transmission of compressed air.

[0054] Compressed air in the air storage ring 28 is injected into the air guide support platform 7 through the upper air pipe 33. The compressed air in the air guide support platform 7 is then delivered to the air inlet pipe 30 and pushes the piston frame to move. When the piston frame moves, it will drive the compression spring rod 31 and the outer positioning seat 32 to move, so that multiple outer positioning seats 32 are respectively squeezed and attached to different positions on the side of the workpiece body 6. Under the elastic compression action of the compression spring rod 31, the workpiece body 6 can be firmly squeezed and positioned, thus completing the external positioning of the workpiece body 6.

[0055] Once the workpiece body 6 is externally positioned, multiple air supply pipes 39 can be opened to deliver compressed air from the air storage ring 28 to the air guide column 35. The increase in air in the air guide column 35 will push the lifting piston frame 40 to move upward. When the lifting piston frame 40 moves upward, it will drive the hexagonal plate 36 to move upward synchronously. When the hexagonal plate 36 moves upward, it will drive the multiple inner positioning seats 37 to move upward through the multiple compression spring rods 38. As the inner positioning seat 37 moves upward, it gradually comes into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece body 6. Under the action of the inner thrust of the workpiece body 6, its wedge-shaped surface is evenly attached to the inner hole wall of the workpiece body 6. When pushed to the highest point, multiple inner positioning seats 37 are located inside the workpiece body 6 and are pressed against its inner hole wall. This, together with the extrusion force applied by the compression spring rod 38, applies an extrusion force to the workpiece body 6 from the inside out, realizing the internal positioning of the workpiece body 6. This can be combined with external positioning to further improve the positioning effect of the workpiece body 6 and make the positioning stability better.

[0056] This invention also provides a method for using a CNC-machining-based multi-functional workpiece positioning device, which includes the following steps: S1. Place the workpiece body 6 to be processed between multiple external positioning seats 32; S2. The air intake component in the start-up drive unit generates wind and airflow, and the micro booster pump 13 in the booster component boosts the wind and airflow, converting it into compressed air and delivering it to the outer positioning component and the inner positioning component. S3. Start the external positioning component to move multiple external positioning seats 32 to perform external positioning of the workpiece body 6, and start the internal positioning component to move multiple internal positioning seats 37 to perform internal positioning of the workpiece body 6. S4. Start the displacement component to adjust the horizontal position of the displacement frame 4 and the workpiece body 6 above it, and start the steering component to adjust the angular position of the workpiece body 6, so as to achieve multi-position adjustment of the workpiece body 6 without changing the positioning state.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining, comprising a positioning box (3) for positioning the workpiece body (6) disposed within a machining center (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The drive unit is located in the positioning box (3) and includes a wind-inducing component, a pressurizing component and a displacement component. The wind-inducing component is equipped with multiple wind-inducing impellers (25) for generating wind-powered airflow. The pressurizing component is equipped with a micro-pressurizing pump (13) for converting wind-powered airflow into compressed air. The displacement component is equipped with a displacement frame (4) for driving the workpiece body (6) to move back and forth. The positioning unit is set in the displacement frame (4) and includes a steering component, an outer positioning component and an inner positioning component. The steering component is provided with a steering motor for driving the workpiece body (6) to turn as a whole. The outer positioning component is provided with multiple outer positioning seats (32) for positioning the workpiece body (6) outside. The inner positioning component is provided with multiple inner positioning seats (37) for positioning the workpiece body (6) inside.

2. The multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining center (1) is equipped with an intelligent control computer (2), which is used to control the opening and closing and operation status of the drive unit and the positioning unit to realize the fully automatic positioning of the workpiece body (6).

3. The multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a servo motor (10) fixedly installed in the positioning box (3), and a drive roller (11) is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor (10). A one-way bearing (16) is provided on the drive roller (11), and the one-way bearing (16) cooperates with the forward rotation of the drive roller (11).

4. The multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air-exhaust assembly includes a chip collection box (12) fixedly installed in the positioning box (3), and the chip collection box (12) is rotatably connected to a one-way bearing (16). Multiple air-exhaust impellers (25) are fixedly installed on the one-way bearing (16), and multiple air-exhaust impellers (25) are located in the chip collection box (12). A filter plate (24) for blocking processing chips is fixedly installed in the chip collection box (12), and a chip discharge pipe (15) for discharging chips is fixedly connected to the chip collection box (12) and cooperates with the filter plate (24). An adsorption corrugated pipe (19) for adsorbing processing chips and air is fixedly connected between the chip collection box (12) and the displacement frame (4), and the air outlet of the adsorption corrugated pipe (19) is located on the side of the filter plate (24). An exhaust pipe for residual air is provided on the chip collection box (12).

5. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The booster assembly includes an air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the chip collection box (12) for discharging airflow. The micro booster pump (13) is fixedly installed on the side of the chip collection box (12). The micro booster pump (13) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is threadedly connected to the air outlet pipe. The air outlet is threadedly connected to the positioning box (3) with an air blower (5) for outputting compressed air.

6. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 5, characterized in that, The displacement assembly includes a partition plate (14) fixedly installed in the positioning box (3). A linkage roller (20) is rotatably installed on the upper part of the partition plate (14) in the positioning box (3). A one-way bearing (17) is provided on the drive roller (11), and the one-way bearing (17) cooperates with the reverse rotation of the drive roller (11). A transmission belt (18) for transmitting power is sleeved between the one-way bearing (17) and the linkage roller (20). A reciprocating screw (21) is fixedly installed on the linkage roller (20). Two moving slides (8) are opened on the positioning box (3), and a traction frame (23) is slidably installed on both moving slides (8). The displacement frame (4) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the two traction frames (23). A ball nut disc (22) that cooperates with the reciprocating screw (21) is fixedly installed on both traction frames (23).

7. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steering assembly includes a support cylinder (26) fixedly installed in the displacement frame (4), and a steering motor fixedly installed in the support cylinder (26). A steering bracket (27) for driving steering is fixedly installed on the drive end of the steering motor.

8. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 7, characterized in that, The external positioning component includes an air storage ring (28) fixedly installed on the steering bracket (27). An air replenishment ring (29) is rotatably connected to the outside of the air storage ring (28), and the air replenishment ring (29) is connected to the air storage ring (28). An air intake bellows (9) for conveying compressed air is fixedly connected between the air replenishment ring (29) and the air blower (5). Multiple air guide support platforms (7) are fixedly connected to the air storage ring (28) through multiple air inlet pipes (33). Each of the air guide support platforms (7) is fixedly connected to multiple air inlet pipes (30), each of the air inlet pipes (30) is slidably installed with a push piston frame, each of the push piston frames is fixedly installed with a compression spring rod (31), and multiple external positioning seats (32) are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rods (31).

9. A multi-functional workpiece positioning device based on CNC machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The internal positioning assembly includes multiple air supply pipes (39) for supplying compressed air, which are fixedly connected within the air storage ring (28). A guide column (35) is fixedly connected to the multiple air supply pipes (39). A lifting piston frame (40) is slidably installed inside the guide column (35). A hexagonal plate (36) is fixedly installed on the lifting piston frame (40). Multiple compression spring rods (38) are fixedly installed on the hexagonal plate (36). Multiple internal positioning seats (37) are fixedly installed on the corresponding compression spring rods (38). The multiple inner positioning seats (37) and multiple outer positioning seats (32) are all made of elastic rubber material, and the air guide column (35) and multiple air guide support platforms (7) are all equipped with electronic pressure relief pipes (34) for releasing compressed air.

10. A method of using a CNC-machining-based multi-functional workpiece positioning device, for use in the multi-functional workpiece positioning device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the workpiece body (6) to be processed between multiple external positioning seats (32); S2. The air duct in the drive unit generates wind and airflow, and the airflow is pressurized by the micro booster pump (13) in the booster assembly, and converted into compressed air and delivered to the outer positioning assembly and the inner positioning assembly. S3. Start the external positioning component to push multiple external positioning seats (32) to move and perform external positioning of the workpiece body (6); start the internal positioning component to push multiple internal positioning seats (37) to move and perform internal positioning of the workpiece body (6). S4. Start the displacement component to adjust the horizontal position of the displacement frame (4) and the workpiece body (6) above it, and start the steering component to adjust the angle position of the workpiece body (6), so as to achieve multi-position adjustment of the workpiece body (6) without changing the positioning state.

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