A device for milling the inner arc surface of a bearing seat

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bearing chock inner arc face milling processing devices, belong to bearing chock mechanical processing technical field, device includes milling machine frame, milling motor, tool shank, milling cutter, tool shank end portion is covered with protective cover body, milling cutter lower part is equipped with circular arc milling surface and chip groove, upper part is equipped with helical drainage groove.Protective cover body inside is cavity and is equipped with spraying component, bottom is equipped with multiple helical drainage shell, drainage shell and cavity form air chamber, air chamber is connected with air pump to form the air curtain opposite to the direction of milling cutter, cooling hole is arranged on the drainage shell, cooling liquid flows to circular arc milling surface and is cooled by cooling hole, when drainage groove is connected with the bottom of drainage shell, cooling liquid enters drainage groove, when not connected, cooling liquid is along the helical direction of drainage shell Secondary cooling is carried out to cutting material carried away by air curtain, the present application realizes the directional separation of cooling liquid and chip, effectively solves the problem of low cooling efficiency, chip is easy to block chip groove under semi-closed environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing housing machining technology, specifically to a milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing housings are key components in mechanical transmission systems. Their inner arc surface (inner spherical surface) forms a kinematic pair with the outer ring of the bearing. Machining accuracy directly affects the operational stability and service life of the bearing. Currently, the machining of the inner arc surface of bearing housings mainly adopts the following methods: First, turning is performed using a CNC lathe, but the surface roughness can usually only reach Ra 6.3~3.2μm, which is difficult to meet the assembly requirements of high-precision bearing housings. Second, milling is performed using a multi-blade milling cutter. The workpiece is clamped in a fixture and rotates at a low speed, while the multi-blade milling cutter rotates at a high speed and feeds along a specific trajectory. The axis of the milling cutter intersects the axis of the workpiece at the center of the inner spherical surface. The surface roughness of the machined inner spherical surface can be stably maintained below Ra 1.6μm. In addition, there is also a solution of using a special boring bar to machine the inner spherical surface on a lathe or boring machine. The boring bar is oscillated at a certain angle through a linkage mechanism to form the spherical surface. Regarding tool cooling, existing technologies include structures that incorporate coolant spraying units in the reinforcing section of the cutting teeth. These units spray coolant to cool the machining area and prevent the tool from overheating.

[0003] However, existing milling devices for the inner arc surface of bearing housings still have the following shortcomings: First, in terms of cooling, existing coolant spraying methods mostly involve pouring or spraying coolant from outside the tool onto the machining area. Since the machining of the inner arc surface is a semi-enclosed environment, when the milling cutter extends into the inner hole of the bearing housing for machining, the cutting area is surrounded by the solid material of the workpiece. The externally sprayed coolant is blocked by the solid material of the workpiece, making it difficult to accurately reach the contact area between the tool tip and the workpiece, resulting in low cooling efficiency. At the same time, when the milling cutter rotates at high speed, it causes coolant to splash everywhere, and the splashed coolant impacts the machined surface, easily damaging the surface quality. Second, in terms of chip removal, the chips generated during the milling of the inner arc surface of the bearing housing are generated deep at the bottom of the hole, and the chip removal path is long and tortuous. When the chips are discharged upward along the spiral chip removal groove of the milling cutter, they are in the opposite direction to the downward flow of coolant, and the chips are very likely to accumulate and clog in the chip removal groove. The clogged chips not only aggravate tool wear, but also scratch the machined inner arc surface, affecting the surface roughness. Therefore, we propose a milling device for the inner arc surface of bearing housings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling apparatus for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing, comprising a milling machine frame and a milling motor. The milling machine frame is equipped with X, Y, and Z-axis adjustment components, which adjust the three-dimensional machining position of the milling motor. A tool holder is mounted on the spindle of the milling motor, and a milling cutter is mounted at the end of the tool holder. A protective cover is fitted over the end of the tool holder, and the exterior of the protective cover is connected to the milling motor mounting base via a connecting rod. The lower part of the milling cutter has multiple arc milling surfaces, and a chip removal groove is provided between each adjacent arc milling surface. The upper part of the milling cutter has multiple sets of spiral drainage grooves, one end of which connects to the chip removal groove. The interior of the protective cover is a cavity, and spray components are distributed within the cavity. The spray components are connected to an external coolant via hoses passing through the protective cover. The coolant is pumped into the spray unit by the pump body; the bottom of the protective cover is equipped with multiple sets of diversion shells, each diversion shell and cavity forming a separate air chamber. The outside of the air chamber is connected to the air pump through the air inlet. The diversion shell is spiral-shaped, forming an air curtain at the diversion shell in the opposite direction of the milling cutter's rotation. The spray unit sprays coolant into the air chamber. One end of the diversion channel is located at the bottom of the diversion shell, and the diversion shell is equipped with multiple cooling holes. The diameter of the cooling holes gradually decreases. The coolant flows along the cooling holes to the arc milling surface for cooling. The airflow of the air curtain carries away the cutting material in the opposite direction of the milling cutter's rotation. When the inlet end of the diversion channel is in contact with the bottom of the diversion shell, the coolant enters the diversion channel. When the inlet end of the diversion channel is not in contact with the bottom of the diversion shell, the coolant cools the cutting material carried away by the airflow along the diversion shell in a spiral direction.

[0006] Preferably, the chip removal grooves are arranged spirally on the milling cutter, the width of the chip removal grooves gradually decreases from the cutting end of the milling cutter towards the shank, and the depth of the chip removal grooves gradually decreases along the axial direction of the milling cutter from the cutting end towards the shank. The two sides of the chip removal grooves are concave arc surfaces where they meet the arc milling surface, and a slope surface is provided where the chip removal grooves meet the guide grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the milling cutter has a rectangular machining notch, and the cutting edge at the junction of the rectangular machining notch and the chip removal groove is concave arc-shaped at the deepest part of the chip removal groove.

[0008] Preferably, the spray component includes a rotating frame body rotatably disposed in the cavity, a liquid storage pipe is provided in the rotating frame body, the liquid storage pipe is connected to a hose, a plurality of control valves are distributed on the liquid storage pipe, and a nozzle is provided at the bottom of the control valves. A plurality of leakage holes are provided at the bottom of the rotating frame body. When the nozzle rotates with the rotating frame body to the position opposite to the leakage hole, the control valve opens, and the nozzle sprays coolant into the air chamber from the leakage hole.

[0009] Preferably, a fixed sleeve is installed on the upper part of the milling cutter, a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover at a position opposite to the cavity, a sealing ring is installed on the outside of the rotating frame, and the sealing ring is rotatably disposed in the sliding groove, and the sealing ring and the fixed sleeve are fixedly connected by reinforcing ribs.

[0010] Preferably, the lower part of the protective cover is conical, and the inner wall of the conical protective cover is provided with multiple clamping plates. The clamping plates are made of elastic material, and the tool holder is equipped with a mounting component for clamping the end of the milling cutter. The multiple clamping plates are circumferentially clamped to the outside of the milling cutter. When the milling cutter is subjected to radial pressure during milling, the radial pressure is released in the radial direction of the milling cutter through the multiple clamping plates.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the tool holder is provided with an inner tapered hole, the mounting component includes a mounting shell that is threadedly connected to the tool holder, a spring collet is provided inside the mounting shell, the lower part of the spring collet is provided with an outer tapered surface that matches the inner tapered hole at the end of the tool holder, the end of the spring collet has a boss surface, the inner wall of the mounting shell is provided with an inner groove that engages with the boss surface, and the milling cutter is held in the middle of the spring collet.

[0012] Preferably, the milling machine frame includes a horizontal frame and a vertical frame. The horizontal frame is equipped with a sliding saddle and an adjusting worktable. The adjusting worktable is equipped with a workpiece clamping component. A Y-axis moving motor is provided at the lower part of the sliding saddle, which drives the sliding saddle to move along the Y-axis of the horizontal frame. An X-axis moving motor is provided at the lower part of the adjusting worktable, which drives the adjusting worktable to move along the X-axis of the sliding saddle. A spindle box is slidably mounted on the vertical frame, and a milling motor is mounted on the spindle box. A Z-axis moving motor is mounted on the vertical frame, which drives the spindle box to move along the Z-axis of the vertical frame.

[0013] Preferably, the workpiece clamping component includes a clamping table with two opposing first and second surfaces. The first surface is an arc-shaped surface, and the second surface is a plane. Three sliding grooves are evenly distributed on the first surface of the clamping table, and threaded rods are rotatably installed in the three sliding grooves. Each threaded rod is connected to a rotating disk. A nut seat is installed on the threaded rod, and a clamping block is installed on the top of the nut seat. The inner wall of the clamping block is an arc-shaped surface. The outer arc-shaped part of the bearing seat is clamped by the arc-shaped surface of the clamping block. Two pneumatic cylinders are provided on the second surface of the clamping table. A pressure plate is installed at the output end of the pneumatic cylinder to press against the rectangular surface of the bearing seat.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting rod is a crankshaft rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft box, and the other end of which is connected to the protective cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. This invention utilizes a drainage shell design at the bottom of the protective cover, combined with an air pump to fill the air chamber with compressed air. Guided by the spiral structure of the drainage shell, a high-speed air curtain is formed in the opposite direction to the rotation of the milling cutter. The airflow of the air curtain forces the chips generated during the cutting process away from the cutting area in the opposite direction of the milling cutter's rotation. This effectively solves the technical problem of difficult chip removal and easy blockage of the chip removal groove in a semi-enclosed environment, avoids chip scratches on the machined surface, and significantly improves the surface quality of the inner arc surface.

[0017] 2. This invention uses multiple cooling holes with progressively smaller diameters on the cooling housing to allow the coolant to flow along the cooling holes to the arc milling surface for precise cooling. The coolant directly reaches the actual contact area between the tool tip and the workpiece, effectively avoiding the problem in traditional external pouring cooling where the coolant is blocked by the workpiece and cannot reach the cutting area. This significantly improves cooling efficiency and extends tool life.

[0018] 3. This invention achieves dual-path control of coolant flow by using a spiral-shaped drainage groove on the upper part of the milling cutter and a dual-path design with / without docking at the bottom of the drainage housing. When the inlet end of the drainage groove is in contact with the bottom of the drainage housing, the coolant enters the drainage groove and flows downward along the chip removal groove, assisting in lubricating the chip removal groove and cooling the cutting area. When the inlet end of the drainage groove is not in contact with the bottom of the drainage housing, the coolant is sprayed out in a spiral direction along the drainage housing, providing secondary cooling for the chips carried away by the airflow. The synergistic cooperation of the two paths enables the coolant to achieve "multi-purpose use," completing both precise cooling of the cutting area and auxiliary cooling of the discharged chips, thus maximizing the utilization of cooling efficiency.

[0019] 4. This invention employs a variable cross-section design where the width and depth of the chip evacuation groove gradually decrease / recedes from the cutting end of the milling cutter towards the shank. This causes the chips to be subjected to progressively increasing compression as they move upward along the chip evacuation groove, promoting natural chip breakage into short segments and preventing long chips from entangled and accumulating within the chip evacuation groove. Simultaneously, the concave arc surface design at the junction of the chip evacuation groove and the arc milling surface reduces stress concentration, improves the fatigue resistance of the milling cutter, and extends the tool life.

[0020] 5. The present invention uses an elastic clamping plate installed on the conical inner wall of the lower part of the protective cover. When the milling cutter is subjected to radial pressure, the clamping plate can generate elastic deformation in the radial direction of the milling cutter and release the radial pressure. This effectively buffers the radial impact force generated during the milling process, avoids the milling cutter from chipping or breaking due to excessive radial force, and improves the stability and safety of the machining process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the column frame of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the milling motor part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover and the knife handle after disassembly.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial exploded view of the mounting components of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the milling cutter part of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of the milling cutter and protective cover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a side view of the milling cutter and protective cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the milling cutter and protective cover after partial cross-section.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 12 for Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Milling machine frame; 2. Milling motor; 3. Tool holder; 4. Milling cutter; 5. Protective cover; 6. Spraying component; 7. Clamping plate; 8. Mounting component; 9. Workpiece clamping component; 11. Horizontal frame; 12. Vertical column frame; 13. Sliding saddle; 14. Adjusting worktable; 15. Y-axis moving motor; 16. X-axis moving motor; 17. Spindle box; 18. Z-axis moving motor; 41. Circular arc milling surface; 42. Chip removal groove; 43. Drainage groove; 44. Sloping surface; 45. Circular arc surface; 46. Rectangular machining notch; 47. Cutting edge. 51. Cavity; 52. Drainage shell; 53. Air chamber; 54. Air inlet; 55. Cooling hole; 56. Connecting rod; 61. Hose; 62. Rotating frame; 63. Liquid storage pipe; 64. Control valve; 65. Nozzle; 66. Leakage hole; 67. Fixing sleeve; 68. Sealing ring; 69. Reinforcing rib; 81. Mounting shell; 82. Spring collet; 83. Inner groove; 91. Clamping platform; 92. Slide groove; 93. Threaded rod; 94. Rotating disk; 95. Nut seat; 96. Clamping block; 97. Pneumatic cylinder; 98. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention provides a technical solution: a milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing, mainly composed of a milling machine frame 1, a milling motor 2, a tool holder 3, a milling cutter 4, a protective cover 5, a spray component 6, a clamping plate 7, a mounting component 8, a workpiece clamping component 9, and supporting auxiliary components. The equipment adopts a vertical milling machine structure, with the milling machine frame 1 serving as the basic support. The milling motor 2 is mounted on the column frame 12 of the milling machine frame 1 and can be raised and lowered along the Z-axis. The milling cutter 4 is mounted on the spindle end of the milling motor 2. The protective cover 5 is sleeved on the end of the tool holder 3 and moves synchronously with the milling cutter 4. The workpiece clamping component 9 is mounted on the adjustment worktable 14 of the milling machine frame 1, which can realize X / Y axis movement adjustment. The overall structure is compact and fully conforms to the continuous operation logic of milling the inner arc surface of the bearing housing.

[0036] The milling machine frame 1 serves as the bottom support structure of the equipment, comprising a horizontal frame 11 and a vertical frame 12. The horizontal frame 11 is horizontally positioned to support the moving parts, while the vertical frame 12 is vertically fixed to one side of the horizontal frame 11 and is used to mount the spindle box 17 and the milling motor 2. A sliding saddle 13 is mounted on the horizontal frame 11, allowing it to slide along the Y-axis (longitudinal direction). A Y-axis moving motor 15 is located below the sliding saddle 13, driving the sliding saddle 13 to move along the Y-axis of the horizontal frame 11, thus adjusting the workpiece position in the Y-axis. An adjustment worktable 14 is also mounted on the horizontal frame 11, slidably mounted above the sliding saddle 13 and capable of sliding along the X-axis (lateral direction). An X-axis moving motor 16 is located below the adjustment worktable 14, driving the adjustment worktable 14 along the X-axis of the sliding saddle 13, thus adjusting the workpiece position in the X-axis. A spindle box 17 is slidably mounted on the column frame 12, and the milling motor 2 is fixedly mounted on the spindle box 17. A Z-axis moving motor 18 is mounted on the column frame 12. The Z-axis moving motor 18 drives the spindle box 17 to move along the Z-axis (vertical direction) of the column frame 12, thereby adjusting the position of the milling cutter 4 in the Z-axis. The X, Y, and Z axis adjustment components work together to precisely adjust the machining position of the milling motor 2 in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the milling cutter 4 is accurately located at the machining position on the inner arc surface of the bearing seat.

[0037] The milling motor 2 is the power core of the equipment, mounted on the spindle box 17. Its spindle is vertically downward, and a tool holder 3 is mounted on the spindle, with a milling cutter 4 mounted at the end of the tool holder 3. When the milling motor 2 is working, the spindle drives the tool holder 3 and the milling cutter 4 to rotate at high speed, providing cutting power for milling. The speed of the milling motor 2 can be steplessly adjusted according to the processing material and cutting parameter requirements, adapting to the processing requirements of the inner arc surface of bearing seats of different specifications.

[0038] The tool holder 3 is the connecting component between the milling cutter 4 and the spindle of the milling motor 2. One end of it is fixedly connected to the spindle of the milling motor 2, and the other end extends out of the spindle housing 17 for mounting the milling cutter 4. A protective cover 5 is fitted onto the end of the tool holder 3. The protective cover 5 is the core protective and functional integrated component of this invention. Its exterior is fixedly connected to the mounting base of the milling motor 2 (i.e., the outer wall of the spindle housing 17) via a connecting rod 56, so that the protective cover 5 remains in a fixed position during the lifting and lowering of the milling motor 2 and the rotation of the milling cutter 4, and does not rotate with the milling cutter 4. The connecting rod 56 is a crankshaft. One end of the crankshaft is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spindle housing 17, and the other end of the crankshaft is connected to the protective cover 5. The bending structure of the crankshaft can effectively avoid other components of the milling motor 2 and the tool holder 3, ensuring that the protective cover 5 is stably installed at the predetermined position at the end of the tool holder 3.

[0039] The end mill 4 is the core cutting tool of this invention. Its lower part has multiple arc-shaped milling surfaces 41, each an arc-shaped cutting edge adapted to the radius of the inner arc surface of the bearing housing. These multiple arc-shaped milling surfaces 41 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the end mill 4. A chip removal groove 42 is provided between each adjacent arc-shaped milling surface 41, used to collect and guide the chips generated during the cutting process. The upper part of the end mill 4 has multiple sets of spiral drainage grooves 43. One end of each drainage groove 43 connects to the chip removal groove 42, and the other end extends to the upper end face of the end mill 4. The chip removal grooves 42 are spirally arranged on the end mill 4, with their spiral direction related to the rotation direction of the end mill 4, ensuring that chips are discharged upwards along the chip removal grooves 42 under the combined action of centrifugal force and spiral lift. The width of the chip removal groove 42 gradually decreases from the cutting end of the milling cutter 4 towards the shank, and the depth of the chip removal groove 42 gradually decreases along the axial direction of the milling cutter 4 from the cutting end towards the shank. This variable cross-section design causes the chips to be subjected to gradually increasing compression as they move upward along the chip removal groove 42, promoting the natural breakage of long chips into shorter segments and preventing chips from entangled and accumulating within the chip removal groove 42. The two sides of the chip removal groove 42 that meet the arc milling surface 41 are concave arc surfaces 45. The design of the concave arc surfaces 45 reduces stress concentration at the root of the chip removal groove 42, improving the fatigue resistance of the milling cutter 4. A ramp surface 44 is provided at the junction of the chip removal groove 42 and the guide channel 43. The ramp surface 44 smoothly guides the coolant and chips from the chip removal groove 42 into the guide channel 43. A rectangular machining notch 46 is provided at the end of the milling cutter 4. The rectangular machining notch 46 provides additional cutting space during milling, facilitating chip removal. A cutting edge 47 is provided at the junction of the rectangular machining notch 46 and the chip removal groove 42. The cutting edge 47 is concave arc-shaped at the deepest part of the chip removal groove 42. The cutting edge 47 can assist in cutting the chips during the cutting process and further promote chip fragmentation.

[0040] The protective cover 5 is a cylindrical protective component fitted onto the end of the cutter shank 3. Its interior is a cavity 51, which houses and installs the spray component 6. Multiple sets of air-guiding shells 52 are located at the bottom of the protective cover 5. These air-guiding shells 52 are one of the core innovative components of this invention, and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the bottom of the protective cover 5. Each air-guiding shell 52 and the cavity 51 constitute a separate air chamber 53. The air chamber 53 is a closed cavity structure used to contain compressed air and coolant. The exterior of the air chamber 53 is connected to an air pump via an air inlet 54, which pumps compressed air into the air chamber 53 through the air inlet 54. The air-guiding shells 52 are spiral-shaped. Guided by the spiral structure of the air-guiding shells 52, the compressed air forms a high-speed rotating air curtain at the air-guiding shells 52, opposite to the rotation direction of the milling cutter 4. This air curtain flows at high speed in the opposite direction of the milling cutter 4's rotation, generating a downward airflow thrust that forcibly blows away the chips generated during the cutting process from the cutting area.

[0041] A spray component 6 is distributed within the cavity 51. The spray component 6 is connected to an external coolant pipeline via a flexible hose 61 passing through the protective cover 5. Coolant is pumped into the spray component 6 by a pump. The spray component 6 includes a rotating frame 62 rotatably mounted within the cavity 51. The rotating frame 62 is a freely rotatable annular frame structure. A liquid storage pipe 63 is provided within the rotating frame 62. The liquid storage pipe 63 is an annular pipe connected to the flexible hose 61, through which coolant enters and is temporarily stored. Multiple control valves 64 are distributed on the liquid storage pipe 63. The control valves 64 are electrically or mechanically triggered miniature valves used to control the flow of coolant. A nozzle 65 is provided at the bottom of the control valve 64, which is used to output coolant in a spray form. Multiple drain holes 66 are provided at the bottom of the rotating frame, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the bottom of the rotating frame 62. When the nozzle 65 rotates with the rotating frame 62 to be aligned with the drain hole 66, the control valve 64 opens, and the nozzle 65 sprays coolant from the drain hole 66 into the air chamber 53. When the nozzle 65 is misaligned with the drain hole 66, the control valve 64 closes, stopping the spraying. This rotational alignment timing control method achieves intermittent and precise coolant spraying, effectively avoiding continuous waste of coolant. For the rotational timing, the rotation angle of the milling motor 2 is recorded by the PLC control. When the rotation angle of the milling motor 2 matches the interval angle of the adjacent arc milling surface 41, it is a cycle. That is, when in the position of one arc milling surface 41, the nozzle 65 is aligned with the drain hole 66, and when entering the next arc milling surface 41, the nozzle 65 is misaligned with the drain hole 66.

[0042] A fixing sleeve 67 is mounted on the upper part of the milling cutter 4. The fixing sleeve 67 is fixedly fitted onto the upper outer wall of the milling cutter 4 and rotates synchronously with the milling cutter 4. A sliding groove 92 is formed on the inner wall of the protective cover 5 at a position opposite to the cavity 51. The sliding groove 92 has an annular groove structure. A sealing ring 68 is installed on the outside of the rotating frame body 61. The sealing ring 68 is rotatably set in the sliding groove 92, allowing the rotating frame body 62 to rotate freely within the cavity 51. The sealing ring 68 and the fixed sleeve 67 are fixedly connected by the reinforcing rib 69, so that the rotating frame body 62 is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 67 through the sealing ring 68, the reinforcing rib 69, and the fixed sleeve 67. When the milling cutter 4 rotates, the fixed sleeve 67 rotates synchronously with the milling cutter 4, and drives the sealing ring 68 and the rotating frame body 62 to rotate synchronously in the slide groove 92 through the reinforcing rib 69, so as to realize the relative position control of the nozzle 65 and the leakage hole 66. At the same time, a baffle is provided at the bottom of the rotating frame body 61. The baffle is curved. When the rotating frame body 61 rotates, the baffle rotates synchronously, thereby accelerating the coolant to enter the air chamber 53.

[0043] The lower part of the protective cover 5 is conical, and the conical structure guides airflow and coolant to converge towards the cutting end of the end mill 4. Multiple clamping plates 7 are provided on the conical inner wall of the protective cover 5. The clamping plates 7 are made of elastic material (such as spring steel or rubber), and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the protective cover 5. The inner end of the clamping plate 7 abuts against the outside of the end mill 4. When the end mill 4 is subjected to radial pressure during milling, the clamping plate 7 can undergo elastic deformation, releasing the radial pressure in the radial direction of the end mill 4, effectively buffering the radial impact force generated during milling and preventing the end mill 4 from chipping or breaking due to excessive radial force. A mounting component 8 is installed at the tool holder 3 to clamp the end of the end mill 4, and the mounting component 8 is used to firmly clamp the end of the end mill 4 to the end of the tool holder 3.

[0044] The specific structure of the mounting component 8 is as follows: the end of the tool holder 3 is provided with an inner tapered hole. The mounting component 8 includes a mounting shell 81 (i.e., a locking nut) that is threadedly connected to the tool holder 3. The mounting shell 81 is a cylindrical structure with an internal thread on its inner wall, which engages with the external thread at the end of the tool holder 3. A spring collet 82 is provided inside the mounting shell 81. The spring collet 82 is an elastic cylindrical clamping element with an outer tapered surface at its lower part that matches the inner tapered hole at the end of the tool holder 3. The end (i.e., the upper part) of the spring collet 82 has a boss surface, and the inner wall of the mounting shell 81 has an inner groove 83 that engages with the boss surface. During installation, the milling cutter 4 is inserted into the middle of the spring collet 82, and the mounting shell 81 is rotated to tighten it along the thread at the end of the tool holder 3. The inner groove 83 of the mounting shell 81 drives the spring collet 82 to move upward through the boss surface. The outer tapered surface of the spring collet 82 interacts with the inner tapered hole at the end of the tool holder 3, causing the spring collet 82 to contract radially, clamping the milling cutter 4 in the middle of the spring collet 82. Rotate the mounting housing 81 in the opposite direction to loosen the spring collet 82 and remove the milling cutter 4.

[0045] The workpiece clamping component 9 is mounted on the adjusting worktable 14 and is used to clamp and fix the bearing seat workpiece in a predetermined processing position. The workpiece clamping component 9 includes a clamping table 91, which is a block structure with two opposing first and second surfaces. The first surface is an arc-shaped surface to adapt to the outer arc-shaped part of the bearing seat, and the second surface is a plane to adapt to the rectangular mounting surface of the bearing seat. Three sliding grooves 92 are evenly distributed on the first surface of the clamping table 91, and the extension directions of the three sliding grooves 92 converge at the center of the clamping table 91. Threaded rods 93 are rotatably mounted in the three sliding grooves 92, and each threaded rod 93 is connected to a rotating disk 94 (through bevel gear transmission or worm gear transmission). When the rotating disk 94 rotates, it synchronously drives the three threaded rods 93 to rotate. A nut seat 95 is mounted on the threaded rod 93, and the nut seat 95 is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 93. When the threaded rod 93 rotates, the nut seat 95 slides linearly along the sliding groove 92. A clamping block 96 is mounted on the top of the nut seat 95. The inner wall of the clamping block 96 is arc-shaped, which clamps the outer arc-shaped part of the bearing seat. The three clamping blocks 96 move synchronously towards the center, achieving uniform clamping of the outer arc-shaped part of the bearing seat. Two pneumatic cylinders 97 are provided on the second side of the clamping table 91. A pressure plate 98 is installed at the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 97. The pneumatic cylinder 97 drives the pressure plate 98 to extend and press against the rectangular surface of the bearing seat, achieving auxiliary clamping and fixing of the rectangular surface of the bearing seat. Through the double-sided clamping of the arc-shaped clamping block 96 and the flat pressure plate 98, the bearing seat workpiece is firmly fixed on the clamping table 91, effectively preventing the workpiece from shifting or vibrating during processing.

[0046] The working process of this bearing housing inner arc surface milling device is mainly divided into four stages: workpiece clamping, position adjustment, milling, cooling and chip removal combined processing, and workpiece removal. Each stage works in conjunction with the others to achieve the coordinated operation of "directional separation of coolant and chips" and "air curtain-assisted chip removal and precise cooling of coolant". The specific working principle is as follows:

[0047] Workpiece clamping: First, place the bearing housing workpiece on the first surface (arc-shaped surface) of the clamping table 91, ensuring the outer arc-shaped portion of the bearing housing is in contact with the first surface. Rotate the rotating disk 94, which synchronously drives three threaded rods 93 to rotate via a transmission component. The threaded rods 93 cause the nut seat 95 to slide centripetally along the slide groove 92, and the three clamping blocks 96 move centripetally synchronously, uniformly clamping the outer arc-shaped portion of the bearing housing through the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the clamping blocks 96. Then, activate two pneumatic cylinders 97, which drive the clamping plates 98 to extend and press against the rectangular mounting surface of the bearing housing, achieving auxiliary clamping and fixing of the rectangular surface of the bearing housing. Through the double-sided clamping of the arc-shaped surface and the rectangular surface, the bearing housing workpiece is firmly fixed on the clamping table 91, providing a stable positioning foundation for subsequent milling operations.

[0048] Position Adjustment: Activate the X-axis and Y-axis moving motors 16 and 15, and adjust the position of the worktable 14 in the X and Y axes according to the machining position requirements of the inner arc surface of the bearing housing, aligning the center of the inner arc surface of the bearing housing with the axis of the milling cutter 4. Activate the Z-axis moving motor 18, driving the spindle box 17 to descend along the column frame 12 in the Z direction, allowing the milling cutter 4 to extend into the inner hole of the bearing housing and reach the predetermined cutting depth. The coordinated operation of the X, Y, and Z axis adjustment components precisely controls the machining position of the milling cutter 4 in three-dimensional space, ensuring machining accuracy.

[0049] Milling, cooling, and chip removal combined machining: The milling motor 2 is started, and the spindle of the milling motor 2 drives the tool holder 3 and the milling cutter 4 to rotate at high speed. The arc milling surface 41 of the milling cutter 4 contacts the inner arc surface of the bearing housing to perform milling. The chips generated during the machining process move upward along the spiral chip removal groove 42 of the milling cutter 4.

[0050] As the end mill 4 rotates, the air pump is activated, and compressed air enters the air chamber 53 through the air inlet 54. Guided by the spiral structure of the guide housing 52, the compressed air forms a high-speed rotating air curtain at the guide housing 52, opposite to the rotation direction of the end mill 4. This air curtain flows at high speed in the opposite direction of the end mill 4's rotation, generating a downward airflow thrust that forces the chips discharged from the chip removal groove 42 away from the cutting area, preventing chips from accumulating and clogging in the chip removal groove 42 or scratching the machined surface.

[0051] Simultaneously, the coolant pump connected to the hose 61 is activated, and coolant enters the storage pipe 63 through the hose 61. When the milling cutter 4 rotates, the fixed sleeve 67 rotates synchronously with the milling cutter 4, and through the reinforcing rib 69, drives the sealing ring 68 and the rotating frame 62 to rotate synchronously within the slide groove 92. When the nozzle 65 rotates with the rotating frame 62 to the position opposite the drain hole 66, the control valve 64 opens, and the nozzle 65 sprays coolant from the drain hole 66 into the air chamber 53. The coolant sprayed into the air chamber 53 flows along the guide housing 52, and a portion of the coolant flows out from multiple cooling holes 55 on the guide housing 52. The diameter of the cooling holes 55 gradually decreases, causing the coolant flow rate to gradually increase. The coolant flows along the cooling holes 55 to the arc milling surface 41, precisely cooling the contact area between the cutter tip and the workpiece. Another portion of the coolant flows along the guide housing 52 to its bottom. When the inlet end of the guide channel 43 is in contact with the bottom of the guide housing 52, the coolant enters the guide channel 43 and flows along it into the chip removal channel 42, providing auxiliary cooling and lubrication for the chips in the chip removal channel 42, reducing friction between the chips and the wall of the chip removal channel 42, and promoting smooth chip discharge. When the inlet end of the guide channel 43 is not in contact with the bottom of the guide housing 52, the coolant is sprayed out in a spiral direction along the guide housing 52, providing secondary cooling for the chips carried away by the air curtain airflow, ensuring that the chips are completely cooled during discharge, and preventing high-temperature chips from burning the machined surface or the operator.

[0052] During the milling process, when the milling cutter 4 is subjected to a large radial cutting force, the elastic clamping plate 7 at the conical inner wall of the protective cover 5 undergoes elastic deformation, releasing radial pressure in the radial direction of the milling cutter 4, effectively buffering the radial impact during the milling process, and protecting the milling cutter 4 from chipping or breaking.

[0053] Complete part removal: After the milling of the inner arc surface of the bearing housing reaches the predetermined dimensions and surface quality, turn off the milling motor 2, air pump, and coolant pump. Start the Z-axis traverse motor 18, driving the spindle box 17 to rise, causing the milling cutter 4 to exit the inner hole of the bearing housing. Close the pneumatic cylinder 97, and the clamping plate 98 retracts. Rotate the rotating disk 94 in the opposite direction, and the three clamping blocks 96 move centrifugally synchronously, releasing the bearing housing workpiece. The machined bearing housing can then be removed from the clamping table 91, completing one complete cycle of milling the inner arc surface of the bearing housing.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing, comprising a milling machine frame (1) and a milling motor (2), wherein the milling machine frame (1) is equipped with X, Y, and Z three-axis adjustment components, and the machining position of the milling motor (2) in three-dimensional space is adjusted by the X, Y, and Z three-axis adjustment components, characterized in that: A tool holder (3) is mounted on the spindle of the milling motor (2), and a milling cutter (4) is mounted on the end of the tool holder (3). A protective cover (5) is fitted on the end of the tool holder (3), and the outside of the protective cover (5) is connected to the mounting base of the milling motor (2) through a connecting rod (56). The lower part of the milling cutter (4) is provided with multiple arc milling surfaces (41), and a chip removal groove (42) is provided between each adjacent arc milling surface (41). The upper part of the milling cutter (4) is provided with multiple sets of spiral drainage grooves (43), and one end of the drainage groove (43) is connected to the chip removal groove (42). The inside of the protective cover (5) is a cavity (51), and a spray component (6) is distributed in the cavity (51). The spray component (6) is connected to the external coolant through a hose (61) passing through the protective cover (5), and the coolant is pumped into the spray component (6) through the pump body. The bottom of the protective cover (5) is provided with multiple sets of drainage shells (52). Each drainage shell (52) and the cavity (51) form a separate air chamber (53). The outside of the air chamber (53) is connected to the air pump through the air inlet (54). The drainage shell (52) is spiral-shaped, forming an air curtain opposite to the rotation direction of the milling cutter (4) at the drainage shell (52). The spray component (6) sprays coolant into the air chamber (53). One end of the drainage groove (43) is located at the bottom of the drainage shell (52), and the drainage shell (52) is provided with Multiple cooling holes (55) with gradually decreasing diameters. Coolant flows along the cooling holes (55) to the arc milling surface (41) for cooling. The airflow of the air curtain carries away the cutting material in the opposite direction of the rotation of the milling cutter (4). When the inlet end of the flow channel (43) is in contact with the bottom of the flow housing (52), coolant enters the flow channel (43). When the inlet end of the flow channel (43) is not in contact with the bottom of the flow housing (52), coolant cools the cutting material carried away by the airflow in a spiral direction along the flow housing (52).

2. The milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip removal groove (42) is arranged in a spiral on the milling cutter (4). The width of the chip removal groove (42) gradually decreases from the cutting end of the milling cutter (4) towards the shank. The depth of the chip removal groove (42) gradually decreases along the axial direction of the milling cutter (4) from the cutting end towards the shank. The two sides of the chip removal groove (42) are concave arc surfaces (45) where they meet the arc milling surface (41). The chip removal groove (42) is provided with a slope surface (44) where it meets the drainage groove (43).

3. The bearing housing inner arc surface milling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the milling cutter (4) is provided with a rectangular machining notch (46), and the cutting edge (47) is cut off at the junction of the rectangular machining notch (46) and the chip groove (42). The cutting edge (47) is concave arc at the deepest part of the chip groove (42).

4. The milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray component (6) includes a rotating frame (62) rotatably disposed in a cavity (51). The rotating frame (62) is provided with a liquid storage pipe (63), which is connected to a hose (61). Multiple control valves (64) are distributed on the liquid storage pipe (63), and a nozzle (65) is provided at the bottom of the control valve (64). Multiple leakage holes (66) are provided at the bottom of the rotating frame. When the nozzle (65) rotates with the rotating frame (62) to the position opposite to the leakage hole (66), the control valve (64) opens, and the nozzle (65) sprays coolant from the leakage hole (66) into the air chamber (53).

5. The milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper part of the milling cutter (4) is equipped with a fixed sleeve (67), and a sliding groove (92) is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover (5) at a position opposite to the cavity (51). A sealing ring (68) is installed on the outside of the rotating frame, and the sealing ring (68) is rotatably disposed in the sliding groove (92). The sealing ring (68) and the fixed sleeve (67) are fixedly connected by a reinforcing rib (69).

6. The milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the protective cover (5) is conical, and multiple clamping plates (7) are provided on the conical inner wall of the protective cover (5). The clamping plates (7) are made of elastic material. The tool holder (3) is equipped with a mounting component (8) for clamping the end of the milling cutter (4). The multiple clamping plates (7) are circumferentially clamped to the outside of the milling cutter (4). When the milling cutter (4) is subjected to radial pressure during milling, the radial pressure is released in the radial direction of the milling cutter (4) through the multiple clamping plates (7).

7. The bearing housing inner arc surface milling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the tool holder (3) is provided with an inner conical hole. The mounting component (8) includes a mounting shell (81) that is threadedly connected to the tool holder (3). A spring collet (82) is provided inside the mounting shell (81). The lower part of the spring collet (82) is provided with an outer conical surface that is adapted to the inner conical hole at the end of the tool holder (3). The end of the spring collet (82) has a boss surface. The inner wall of the mounting shell (81) is provided with an inner groove (83) that engages with the boss surface. The milling cutter (4) is held in the middle of the spring collet (82).

8. The milling device for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling machine frame (1) includes a horizontal frame (11) and a column frame (12). A sliding saddle (13) is provided on the horizontal frame (11), and an adjustment worktable (14) is provided on the horizontal frame (11). A workpiece clamping component (9) is provided on the adjustment worktable (14). A Y-axis moving motor (15) is provided at the lower part of the sliding saddle (13). The sliding saddle (13) is moved along the Y-axis of the horizontal frame (11) via the Y-axis moving motor (15). The lower part of the platform (14) is provided with an X-axis moving motor (16), which moves the adjusting platform (14) along the sliding saddle (13) in the X direction. The spindle box (17) is slidably installed on the column frame (12), and the milling motor (2) is installed on the spindle box (17). The Z-axis moving motor (18) is installed on the column frame (12), which drives the spindle box (17) to move along the column frame (12) in the Z direction.

9. The bearing housing inner arc surface milling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The workpiece clamping component (9) includes a clamping table (91). The clamping table (91) has two opposing first and second surfaces. The first surface is an arc-shaped surface, and the second surface is a plane. Three sliding grooves (92) are evenly distributed on the first surface of the clamping table (91), and threaded rods (93) are rotatably installed in the three sliding grooves (92). Each threaded rod (93) is connected to a rotating disk (94). A nut seat (95) is installed on the threaded rod (93), and a clamping block (96) is installed on the top of the nut seat (95). The inner wall of the clamping block (96) is an arc-shaped surface. The outer arc-shaped part of the bearing seat is clamped by the arc-shaped surface of the clamping block (96). Two pneumatic cylinders (97) are provided on the second surface of the clamping table (91). A pressure plate (98) is installed at the output end of the pneumatic cylinder (97) to press against the rectangular surface of the bearing seat.

10. The milling apparatus for the inner arc surface of a bearing housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting rod (56) is a crankshaft rod. One end of the crankshaft rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft box (17), and the other end of the crankshaft rod is connected to the protective cover (5).

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