Tire mold deep hole processing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of deep hole processing equipment of tire mould, it is related to accessory processing technical field, including gantry type machine body frame, gantry type machine body frame includes two vertical columns of left and right vertical settings and top crossbeam, vertical column bottom is fixedly installed in bottom bed body, crossbeam is rigidly connected with vertical column top portion;Main shaft head assembly is slidably installed on crossbeam, and first motor drive structure is arranged in the side portion of crossbeam, and first motor drive structure drives main shaft head assembly to move along crossbeam by first ball screw and does X-axis horizontal movement;Slide is installed in main shaft head assembly Inner drag plate, and second motor drive structure is arranged in the top portion of main shaft head assembly, and second motor drive structure drives drag plate and does Z-axis feed movement by second ball screw;Vertical and horizontal two-purpose water-cooling direct-drive rotary table is fixedly installed in the bottom of drag plate, realize that tire mould is once clamped and complete side, top and circumferential all hole site deep hole processing, effectively reduce the positioning cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, improve processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts processing technology, specifically to a deep hole processing equipment for tire molds. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional tire mold drilling processes generally employ electrical discharge machining (EDM) and five-axis machining centers, which have long been plagued by numerous industry pain points. Not only are equipment procurement and processing costs high, but processing accuracy is also limited, making it difficult to adapt to the drilling requirements of curved mold surfaces. This results in large hole position deviations, poor surface roughness, and unstable processing quality, which greatly affects the production quality and efficiency of tire molds.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a deep hole machining equipment for tire molds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a deep hole processing device for tire molds to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a deep hole machining equipment for tire molds, comprising a gantry frame, the gantry frame including two vertically arranged columns on the left and right and a top crossbeam, the bottom of the columns being fixedly installed on the base bed, and the crossbeam being rigidly connected to the top of the columns; a spindle head assembly is slidably installed on the crossbeam, and a first motor drive structure is provided on the side of the crossbeam, the first motor drive structure driving the spindle head assembly to move horizontally along the X-axis of the crossbeam through a first ball screw; a slide plate is slidably installed inside the spindle head assembly, and a second motor drive structure is provided on the top of the spindle head assembly, the second motor drive structure driving the slide plate to move Z-axis feed through a second ball screw; a vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide plate, and the output end of the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table is fixedly connected to the deep hole machining spindle assembly; a quick-change worktable with rotatable adjustable workpiece position is provided at the bottom of the gantry frame, and a heat dissipation groove structure is provided on the side of the columns.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the medium control unit is adapted to dual operating modes: under normal temperature conditions, the medium control unit controls the temperature control guide box to conduct heat dissipation airflow, and dissipates heat to the internal components of the machine body through the heat dissipation groove structure; under low temperature conditions, the medium control unit introduces constant temperature inert gas into the temperature control guide box through the constant temperature medium conduit, forming a temperature buffer layer in the heat dissipation groove structure, balancing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the column, and suppressing structural cold contraction deformation.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, a first guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the crossbeam, and a second guide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom side wall of the crossbeam. The spindle head assembly is slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail simultaneously through a sliding support assembly. The multi-node temperature acquisition unit uses sensors, which are respectively embedded in the internal cavity stiffening plate of the crossbeam, the mounting surface of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and are arranged at multiple points along the stroke direction to collect the actual body temperature of the crossbeam and the guide rail.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the X-axis full-stroke cold shrinkage deviation and temperature gradient bending deviation based on the multi-point temperature data of the crossbeam and guide rail, combined with the material thermal expansion coefficient, and generates the X-axis position compensation value; the feed coordination control unit superimposes the compensation value into the position command of the first motor drive structure, and corrects the X-axis positioning accuracy of the spindle head assembly by adjusting the rotation stroke of the first ball screw.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the spindle head assembly is equipped with two symmetrically arranged third guide rails, and the slide plate is slidably installed on the third guide rails; the multi-node temperature acquisition unit simultaneously acquires the temperature of the third guide rail body and the real-time temperature of the workpiece surface on the quick-change worktable.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the stroke deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the third guide rail and the hole depth deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the workpiece, and generates a total feed compensation command for the Z-axis by superimposing them; the feed coordination control unit adjusts the rotation of the second ball screw through the second motor drive structure, corrects the Z-axis feed endpoint position of the slide, and adapts to the actual size of the workpiece under low temperature conditions.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the constant temperature compensation conduit is connected to the medium control unit. The medium control unit controls the temperature of the water-cooled medium through closed loop to maintain the stable working temperature of the core transmission pair of the vertical and horizontal water-cooled direct drive turntable. The multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the temperature data of the turntable transmission pair. After the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the temperature change angle deviation, the feed coordination control unit performs closed-loop correction on the rotation angle of the turntable.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the deep hole machining spindle assembly includes a base connected to the output end of the rotary table. A support housing is fixed to the side wall of the base. A third motor drive structure and a fourth guide rail are installed inside the support housing. The third motor drive structure drives the deep hole frame to perform micro-feed motion along the fourth guide rail through a third ball screw. A multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects temperature data of the front end of the electric spindle and the tool clamping part. A deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the axial thermal elongation of the tool. The feed coordination control unit links the third motor drive structure to correct the micro-feed stroke. The feed coordination control unit also collects the real-time torque of the third motor drive structure and dynamically adjusts the feed speed to adapt to the cutting load of the low-temperature workpiece.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a guide plate is fixed on the outside of the deep hole frame, and a guide seat with a detachable guide sleeve is provided at the front end of the guide plate; the chip discharge guide box is connected to the medium control unit, which combines the temperature of the cutting area and the cutting load data to dynamically adjust the negative pressure chip discharge suction and the low temperature constant temperature cutting fluid supply flow rate, maintain the temperature of the cutting area, and discharge the chips in the deep hole.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the feed coordination control unit links the angle parameters of the quick-change worktable and the vertical / horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table to achieve one-time closed-loop machining of the circumferential holes of the workpiece; the intelligent control system forms a closed-loop control system of full-link temperature acquisition, deformation calculation, feed compensation and temperature field regulation through the coordinated operation of four units, so as to achieve high-precision and stable deep hole machining in low-temperature environments.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention, by setting up a vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table, and through the cooperation of the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table and a rotatable quick-change worktable, can realize the deep hole machining of all holes on the side, top, and circumferential surfaces of the tire mold in one clamping, effectively reducing the cumulative positioning error caused by multiple clamping and improving processing efficiency; at the same time, relying on the temperature-controlled flow guide box, constant temperature pipeline and multi-unit collaborative intelligent control system, it can maintain the uniform temperature field of the entire equipment in low-temperature processing environment, based on multi-node temperature acquisition and synchronization. It solves three types of accuracy deviations: cold shrinkage of machine body structure, shrinkage of workpiece size, and thermal elongation of tool. It links each feed motor to complete micron-level closed-loop compensation. It can also dynamically adapt to the cutting characteristics of low-temperature workpieces and adjust the feed speed, negative pressure chip removal suction and constant temperature cutting fluid supply parameters. It not only solves the problem of machining accuracy decay caused by structural temperature deformation in low-temperature environment, but also improves the chip removal effect of large depth-to-diameter holes and reduces the risk of tool breakage in the machining of low-temperature high-hardness workpieces. Overall, it significantly improves the accuracy stability, operational reliability and adaptability of deep hole machining of tire molds under low-temperature conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle head assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Gantry-type machine frame; 2. Column; 3. Crossbeam; 4. Heat dissipation groove structure; 5. First guide rail; 6. Second guide rail; 7. Spindle head assembly; 8. Sliding support assembly; 9. First motor drive structure; 10. First ball screw; 11. Second motor drive structure; 12. Second ball screw; 13. Third guide rail; 14. Slide plate; 15. Large groove; 16. Vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table; 17. Deep hole machining spindle assembly; 18. Base; 19. Support housing; 20. Third motor drive structure; 21. Third ball screw; 22. Deep hole frame; 23. Deep hole structure; 24. Electric spindle; 25. High-precision collet; 26. Spindle locking nut; 27. Guide plate; 28. Guide seat; 29. ​​Guide sleeve; 30. Fourth guide rail; 31. Quick change worktable. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment discloses a deep hole machining equipment for tire molds, mainly used for deep hole machining operations of special tire molds under low-temperature workshop conditions. It can effectively suppress problems such as structural cold deformation, workpiece dimensional shrinkage, and poor chip removal caused by low-temperature environments, ensuring machining accuracy and operational stability.

[0018] The equipment includes a gantry frame 1, which consists of two vertically arranged columns 2 on the left and right and a top crossbeam 3. The columns 2 have heat dissipation grooves 4 on their sides. The bottom of the columns 2 is fixed to the bed by anchor bolts. The crossbeam 3 is rigidly connected to the top of the columns 2 by high-strength bolts. The gantry frame 1 serves as the basic skeleton of the whole machine. The crossbeam 3 is supported by the left and right columns 2, forming a stable gantry-shaped load-bearing structure, which can effectively resist structural deformation caused by cutting forces and ensure the stability of the processing.

[0019] Furthermore, a detachable temperature-controlled flow guide box is provided on the outside of the heat dissipation groove structure 4 of the column 2. The temperature-controlled flow guide box is connected to a constant temperature medium conduit. Neither the temperature-controlled flow guide box nor the constant temperature medium conduit needs to be shown separately in the attached drawings. Both are connected to the whole machine intelligent control system. The intelligent control system is an integrated electronic control module, which consists of a multi-node temperature acquisition unit, a deformation compensation calculation unit, a feed coordination control unit, and a medium control unit. The medium control unit can switch the medium parameters according to the processing conditions: under normal temperature conditions, the medium control unit controls the temperature-controlled flow guide box to conduct heat dissipation airflow, which assists the internal electrical components and transmission parts of the machine body to dissipate heat through the heat dissipation groove structure 4; under low temperature conditions, the medium control unit introduces constant temperature inert gas into the temperature-controlled flow guide box through the constant temperature medium conduit, forming a temperature buffer layer in the heat dissipation groove structure 4, balancing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the column 2, suppressing the cold contraction deformation of the metal structure, realizing the dimensional stability of the equipment in the entire temperature range, and reducing the impact of bidirectional deformation due to cold and heat on processing accuracy.

[0020] A first guide rail 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the crossbeam 3, and a second guide rail 6 is fixedly installed on the bottom side wall of the crossbeam 3. The first guide rail 5 and the second guide rail 6 are slidably connected to the spindle head assembly 7 through the sliding support assembly 8. A first motor drive structure 9 is provided on the front side of the crossbeam 3. The output end of the first motor drive structure 9 is connected to a first ball screw 10. The end of the first ball screw 10 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crossbeam 3 through a limiting structure. The back of the spindle head assembly 7 is fixedly connected to the nut seat of the first ball screw 10.

[0021] During operation, the first motor drive structure 9 drives the first ball screw 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the spindle head assembly 7 to move horizontally along the first guide rail 5 and the second guide rail 6 on the crossbeam 3. The layout of the upper and lower double guide rails has a strong anti-overturning moment capability, which can ensure the stability of the spindle head assembly 7 during high-speed movement. In the intelligent control system, the multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the point temperature data of the crossbeam 3, the first guide rail 5 and the second guide rail 6 in real time. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the stroke deviation caused by low temperature contraction by combining the thermal expansion coefficient of the guide rail material. Finally, the feed coordination control unit links the first motor drive structure 9 to dynamically compensate for the X-axis movement stroke, which offsets the positioning deviation caused by the cold contraction of the guide rail in the low temperature environment, and provides a motion basis for high-precision drilling under low temperature conditions.

[0022] The multi-node temperature acquisition unit uses high-precision resistance sensors to detect point temperatures. The sensors and their mounting structures are all standard auxiliary components of the equipment. Along the length of the crossbeam 3, miniature blind holes are opened at intervals in the upper and lower stiffening plates and guide rail mounting base of the internal cavity of the crossbeam. The sensors are embedded in the holes and fixed by filling with thermally conductive insulating glue. The core temperature of the crossbeam body is collected at multiple points to avoid interference from ambient airflow with detection accuracy. Sensors are arranged in segments along the effective stroke of the guide rails on the mounting bottom and lateral positioning surfaces of the fixed rail bodies of the first guide rail 5 and the second guide rail 6. The sensors are embedded in the pre-made countersunk holes of the guide rail mounting base and fit tightly against the rail body. They can directly collect the real temperature of the guide rail base without interfering with the movement stroke of the sliding support assembly 8.

[0023] The temperature closed-loop regulation process corresponding to the first motor drive structure 9 is as follows: Under low temperature conditions, the crossbeam 3 and the guide rail undergo cold contraction along their length, which leads to a mismatch between the motor's commanded stroke and the guide rail's actual effective stroke. At the same time, the temperature gradient formed by the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the structure will cause slight bending deformation of the crossbeam, ultimately resulting in a tool X-axis positioning deviation. Based on multi-point temperature data, combined with the linear expansion coefficients of the crossbeam and guide rail materials and the original reference length of the guide rail, the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the cold contraction deviation of the entire X-axis stroke through a pre-stored thermal error compensation model. Simultaneously, it calculates the additional positional deviation caused by bending deformation through multi-point temperature gradient calculation, generating the X-axis position of the corresponding target point. The positive axis compensation value compensates for the travel difference caused by low-temperature shrinkage. The feed coordination control unit adds the compensation value to the target position command of the X-axis and outputs the corrected pulse command to the first motor drive structure 9. Through the closed-loop control of the servo motor's position loop, the rotation number and angle of the first ball screw 10 are precisely adjusted to compensate for the X-axis movement of the spindle head assembly 7. Ultimately, this offsets the positioning error and bending runout caused by the cold shrinkage of the crossbeam and guide rail, ensuring that the horizontal X-axis coordinate of the tool is completely consistent with the designed hole position. This avoids the problems of hole position offset and hole spacing deviation in low-temperature environments, ensuring the distribution accuracy of the circumferential hole position of the tire mold and providing a motion basis for high-precision drilling under low-temperature conditions.

[0024] The top of the spindle head assembly 7 is provided with a second motor drive structure 11, the output end of the second motor drive structure 11 is connected to a second ball screw 12, and the end of the second ball screw 12 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the spindle head assembly 7 through a limiting structure; the spindle head assembly 7 is provided with two symmetrically arranged third guide rails 13, and a slide plate 14 is slidably connected on the third guide rails 13, and the slide plate 14 is fixedly connected to the nut seat of the second ball screw 12.

[0025] During operation, the second motor drive structure 11 drives the second ball screw 12 to run, which in turn drives the slide plate 14 to slide along the third guide rail 13 to complete the Z-axis sliding. The feed axis is integrated inside the spindle head assembly 7, which shortens the force transmission chain and improves the dynamic response speed. It can adapt to the following processing of complex curved surfaces. The multi-node temperature acquisition unit synchronously acquires the real-time temperature of the workpiece surface. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the low-temperature shrinkage amount in combination with the workpiece material parameters. The feed coordination control unit links the second motor drive structure 11 to correct the Z-axis feed depth in real time, so as to avoid the problem of hole depth exceeding the tolerance caused by the shrinkage of the workpiece size in the low-temperature environment.

[0026] The temperature closed-loop regulation process corresponding to the second motor drive structure 11 is as follows: Deviations under low-temperature conditions include two types: one is the large feed stroke deviation in the Z-axis caused by the cold shrinkage of the third guide rail 13; the other is the risk of hole depth exceeding tolerance caused by the overall cold shrinkage of the workpiece and the actual thickness being less than the design value at room temperature. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the two types of deviations respectively: the stroke compensation value for the cold shrinkage of the Z-axis structure is calculated based on the guide rail temperature, and the amount of cold shrinkage in the thickness direction of the workpiece is calculated based on the workpiece temperature and the linear expansion coefficient of the workpiece material, which is converted into a negative correction value for the hole depth. The two are superimposed to generate the compensation value for the total feed depth of the Z-axis. The feed coordination control unit integrates the total compensation value into the target position parameters of the Z-axis feed and sends the corrected position command to the second motor drive structure 11. The rotation of the second ball screw 12 is controlled by the servo motor to adjust the Z-axis dwell position and feed endpoint position of the slide 14. Ultimately, this corrects the Z-axis reference positioning deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the spindle internal structure and offsets the risk of hole depth deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the workpiece. This ensures that the tool entry drilling start position and the final drilling depth are adapted to the actual size of the workpiece under low temperature conditions, thus ensuring the basic accuracy of the hole depth.

[0027] A large groove 15 is provided in the bottom area of ​​the slide plate 14. A vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table 16 is fixedly installed in the large groove 15. A deep hole machining spindle assembly 17 is fixedly installed at the output end of the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table 16. The deep hole machining spindle assembly 17 is used to complete the deep hole cutting of the workpiece.

[0028] Furthermore, the water-cooled circulation loop of the vertical / horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table 16 is equipped with a constant-temperature compensation conduit. This constant-temperature compensation conduit, which does not need to be shown separately in the attached diagram, is connected to the media control unit of the intelligent control system. The vertical / horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table 16 can drive the deep-hole machining spindle assembly 17 to complete angle adjustments within the range of 0°-90°, achieving dual-mode machining. The media control unit achieves closed-loop temperature control of the water-cooled loop through the constant-temperature compensation conduit, avoiding transmission jamming and angle positioning drift caused by low-temperature contraction. Combined with the backlash-free output of the direct-drive motor, it ensures angle positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, the multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the rotary table's temperature data in real time, and the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the angle deviation caused by temperature changes. The feed coordination control unit then performs closed-loop correction of the rotary table angle. The dual-mode design allows for one-time machining of holes on the side and top surfaces of the tire mold without secondary clamping. Combined with intelligent constant-temperature control and angle compensation, it eliminates transmission backlash and temperature-induced angle deviations, significantly improving machining angle accuracy and hole wall surface finish in low-temperature environments.

[0029] The deep hole machining spindle assembly 17 includes a base 18 fixedly connected to the output end of a vertical / horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct-drive rotary table 16. A support housing 19 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the base 18. A third motor drive structure 20 is provided inside the support housing 19. A third ball screw 21 is connected to the output end of the third motor drive structure 20. The end of the third ball screw 21 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the support housing 19 through a limiting structure. A deep hole frame 22 is fixedly installed on the nut seat of the third ball screw 21. A deep hole structure 23 is installed on the outside of the deep hole frame 22. A fourth guide rail 30 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support housing 19. The deep hole frame 22 and the fourth guide rail 30 are slidably connected.

[0030] The deep hole structure 23 includes an electric spindle 24 fixedly installed on the side wall of the deep hole frame 22. A high-precision collet 25 is installed at the front end of the electric spindle 24. A spindle locking nut 26 is provided on the outside of the high-precision collet 25. The inside of the high-precision collet 25 is used to clamp the deep hole drill bit.

[0031] During operation, the third motor drive structure 20 drives the deep hole frame 22 along the fourth guide rail 30 via the third ball screw 21 to complete the micro-feed motion. At the same time, the electric spindle 24 rotates at high speed and clamps the deep hole drill bit with the high-precision collet 25 and the spindle locking nut 26 to complete the cutting operation. The multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the point temperature of the electric spindle 24 and the tool in real time. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the thermal expansion based on the tool material parameters. The feed coordination control unit links the third motor drive structure 20 to correct the micro-feed stroke. At the same time, the feed coordination control unit can dynamically adjust the feed speed according to the real-time cutting load to avoid tool breakage caused by the increase in workpiece hardness at low temperatures.

[0032] The temperature closed-loop regulation process corresponding to the third motor drive structure 20 is as follows: Although the overall environment is low temperature, the high-speed operation of the electric spindle generates heat, and the cutting friction of the drill bit generates heat, which will cause the tool to produce axial thermal elongation, which is easy to cause the hole depth to exceed the tolerance; at the same time, the hardness and brittleness of the workpiece material increase in the low temperature environment, and the cutting load fluctuates greatly, which is easy to cause tool breakage; the regulation is divided into two parallel control paths: position compensation and speed adaptation. The first is tool thermal elongation compensation. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the axial thermal elongation of the tool based on the temperature data of the electric spindle and the tool clamping end, combined with the linear expansion coefficient of the tool material and the tool overhang length, and generates the reverse compensation value of the micro feed; the feed coordination control unit adds the thermal elongation compensation value to the end position command of the micro feed and sends it to the third motor drive structure 20. The system features two main functions: First, it outputs micron-level position correction commands, which control the minute rotation angle of the third ball screw 21 via a high-precision servo motor to correct the feed endpoint position of the deep hole frame 22. This precisely offsets the thermal expansion during tool cutting, ensuring the depth accuracy of deep holes with large aspect ratios. Second, it features adaptive speed regulation based on cutting load. The feed control unit synchronously collects real-time torque data from the third motor drive structure 20 and converts it into cutting load. Combined with workpiece temperature data, it determines the workpiece hardness level. When the cutting load exceeds the safety threshold, the feed speed is reduced by adjusting the motor speed command. When the load returns to the stable range, the set feed speed is restored. This adapts to the cutting characteristics of high-hardness workpieces at low temperatures, preventing tool chipping or breakage due to impact load, and improving tool life and hole wall surface finish.

[0033] A guide plate 27 is fixedly installed on the outside of the deep hole frame 22. A guide seat 28 is provided at the front end of the guide plate 27. A guide sleeve 29 is detachably installed on the guide seat 28. During operation, the guide plate 27 moves synchronously with the deep hole frame 22. Before drilling, the front end of the guide seat 28 is in contact with the workpiece surface or a preset positioning position. The guide sleeve 29 guides the drill bit to cut into the workpiece, providing rigid support for the drill bit in the early stage of drilling, preventing the drill bit from deviating during drilling, and ensuring the accuracy of the hole position and the straightness of the hole axis.

[0034] Furthermore, a semi-enclosed chip removal guide box is installed on the outer side of the deep hole frame 22. The chip removal guide box is connected to a negative pressure chip removal conduit and a low-temperature constant temperature cutting fluid conduit. The chip removal guide box, negative pressure chip removal conduit, and low-temperature constant temperature cutting fluid conduit do not need to be shown separately in the attached drawings. They are all connected to the media control unit of the intelligent control system. During the drilling process, the media control unit combines the cutting area temperature data obtained by the multi-node temperature acquisition unit and the hole depth and cutting load data fed back by the feed coordination control unit to dynamically adjust the negative pressure chip removal suction and the cutting fluid supply flow rate. This adapts to the characteristics of chip embrittlement and easy jamming in low-temperature environments, and promptly removes the chips from inside the deep hole to avoid chip scratching the hole wall. At the same time, it maintains the temperature stability of the cutting area and reduces the temperature difference between the tool and the workpiece.

[0035] The bottom of the gantry frame 1 is equipped with a quick-change worktable 31. The quick-change worktable 31 can adjust the circumferential position of the workpiece through rotation. The feed coordination control unit can link the angle data of the quick-change worktable 31 and the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive turntable 16 to realize one-time closed-loop machining of all holes in the circumferential direction of the workpiece, reducing the workpiece temperature fluctuation and positioning cumulative error caused by multiple clamping in low temperature environment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the four units of the intelligent control system operate collaboratively to form a fully closed-loop low-temperature adaptation control system. The core functions of each unit are as follows: Multi-node temperature acquisition unit: responsible for acquiring real-time temperature data of key points throughout the entire process, including the machine frame, guide rails, spindle, rotary table, cutting tools, and workpiece surface, providing a basic data source for all control and compensation actions; Deformation compensation calculation unit: Based on the collected temperature data and combined with the thermophysical parameters of the materials of each component, it simultaneously calculates three types of accuracy deviations: the cold and hot deformation of the equipment structure, the cold shrinkage of the workpiece, and the thermal expansion of the tool, and generates standardized compensation instructions. Feed Coordination Control Unit: Receives compensation commands, links the drive ends of three sets of feed motors, vertical and horizontal rotary tables and quick-change worktables, and corrects the stroke, angle and feed amount in real time to achieve micron-level precision closed-loop control of the entire axis system; Medium control unit: Based on the temperature data of the entire range, it dynamically controls the medium temperature, flow rate and on / off status of each guide box and pipeline to maintain the temperature field balance of the entire equipment structure and adapt to different processing conditions at high and low temperatures.

[0037] This equipment, by simply adding a simple guide box and conduit-like auxiliary structures, and integrating the above four units' collaborative intelligent control logic, can adapt conventional deep hole processing equipment to low-temperature processing conditions without modifying the core mechanical architecture. It solves the industry pain points of traditional equipment such as accuracy degradation, poor operational stability, and difficulty in chip removal in deep holes under low-temperature environments, and has the advantages of low modification cost and strong adaptability to working conditions.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole processing equipment for tire molds, comprising a gantry-type machine frame (1), characterized in that, The gantry frame (1) includes two vertically arranged columns (2) on the left and right and a top crossbeam (3). The bottom of the columns (2) is fixedly installed on the bed, and the crossbeam (3) is rigidly connected to the top of the columns (2). A spindle head assembly (7) is slidably installed on the crossbeam (3). A first motor drive structure (9) is provided on the side of the crossbeam (3). The first motor drive structure (9) drives the spindle head assembly (7) to move horizontally along the X-axis of the crossbeam (3) through a first ball screw (10). A slide plate (14) is slidably installed inside the spindle head assembly (7). The top of the spindle head assembly (7) is provided with a second motor drive structure (11), which drives the slide (14) to move in the Z-axis feed through the second ball screw (12); the bottom of the slide (14) is fixedly installed with a vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive turntable (16), and the output end of the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive turntable (16) is fixedly connected to a deep hole machining spindle assembly (17); the bottom of the gantry frame (1) is provided with a quick-change worktable (31) that can rotate and adjust the position of the workpiece, and the side of the column (2) is provided with a heat dissipation groove structure (4).

2. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium control unit is adapted to dual operating modes: Under normal temperature conditions, the medium control unit controls the temperature control guide box to conduct heat dissipation airflow and dissipates heat to the internal components of the machine body through the heat dissipation groove structure (4); Under low temperature conditions, the medium control unit introduces constant temperature inert gas into the temperature control guide box through the constant temperature medium conduit, forming a temperature buffer layer in the heat dissipation groove structure (4), balancing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the column (2), and suppressing the cold shrinkage deformation of the structure.

3. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the crossbeam (3) is fixedly installed with a first guide rail (5), and the bottom side wall of the crossbeam (3) is fixedly installed with a second guide rail (6). The spindle head assembly (7) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (5) and the second guide rail (6) through the sliding support assembly (8). The multi-node temperature acquisition unit uses sensors, which are embedded in the internal cavity rib plate of the crossbeam (3), the rail mounting surface of the first guide rail (5) and the second guide rail (6), and are arranged at multiple points along the stroke direction to collect the true body temperature of the crossbeam and the guide rail.

4. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 3, characterized in that, The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the X-axis full-stroke cold shrinkage deviation and temperature gradient bending deviation based on the multi-point temperature data of the crossbeam and guide rail, and generates the X-axis position compensation value. The feed coordination control unit adds the compensation value to the position command of the first motor drive structure (9) and corrects the X-axis positioning accuracy of the spindle head assembly (7) by adjusting the rotation stroke of the first ball screw (10).

5. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spindle head assembly (7) is provided with two symmetrically arranged third guide rails (13), and the slide plate (14) is slidably installed on the third guide rails (13); the multi-node temperature acquisition unit simultaneously acquires the body temperature of the third guide rail (13) and the real-time surface temperature of the workpiece on the quick-change worktable (31).

6. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 5, characterized in that, The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the stroke deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the third guide rail (13) and the hole depth deviation caused by the cold shrinkage of the workpiece, and generates a total feed compensation command for the Z-axis by superimposing them. The feed coordination control unit adjusts the rotation of the second ball screw (12) through the second motor drive structure (11) to correct the Z-axis feed endpoint position of the slide plate (14) and adapt to the actual size of the workpiece under low temperature conditions.

7. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The constant temperature compensation conduit is connected to the medium control unit. The medium control unit controls the temperature of the water-cooled medium through closed loop to maintain the stable working temperature of the core transmission pair of the vertical and horizontal water-cooled direct drive turntable (16). The multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the temperature data of the turntable transmission pair. After the deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the temperature change angle deviation, the feed coordination control unit performs closed-loop correction on the rotation angle of the turntable.

8. The deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The deep hole machining spindle assembly (17) includes a base (18) connected to the output end of the turntable. A support housing (19) is fixed to the side wall of the base (18). A third motor drive structure (20) and a fourth guide rail (30) are arranged inside the support housing (19). The third motor drive structure (20) drives the deep hole frame (22) to perform micro-feed motion along the fourth guide rail (30) through a third ball screw (21). The multi-node temperature acquisition unit collects the temperature data of the front end of the electric spindle (24) and the tool clamping part. The deformation compensation calculation unit calculates the axial thermal elongation of the tool. The feed coordination control unit links the third motor drive structure (20) to correct the micro-feed stroke. The feed coordination control unit simultaneously collects the real-time torque of the third motor drive structure (20) and dynamically adjusts the feed speed to adapt to the low-temperature workpiece cutting load.

9. A deep hole processing equipment for tire molds according to claim 8, characterized in that, The deep hole frame (22) is fixed with a guide plate (27) on the outside. The front end of the guide plate (27) is provided with a guide seat (28) with a detachable guide sleeve (29). The chip discharge guide box is connected to the medium control unit. The medium control unit combines the temperature of the cutting area and the cutting load data to dynamically adjust the negative pressure chip discharge suction and the low temperature constant temperature cutting fluid supply flow rate, maintain the temperature of the cutting area and discharge the chips in the deep hole.

10. A deep hole machining equipment for tire molds according to claim 9, characterized in that, The feed coordination control unit links the angle parameters of the quick-change worktable (31) and the vertical and horizontal dual-use water-cooled direct drive rotary table (16) to realize one-time closed-loop machining of the circumferential hole of the workpiece; the intelligent control system forms a closed-loop control system of full-link temperature acquisition, deformation calculation, feed compensation and temperature field regulation through the coordinated operation of four units, so as to realize high-precision and stable deep hole machining in low-temperature environment.

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