Optical self-centering lathe

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cutting processing equipment, and relates to an optical self-centering lathe which comprises a lower support, the top of the lower support is provided with a feeding mechanism, a turning tool is installed on the feeding mechanism, a side box body is fixed on the lower support, a centering detection unit is arranged on the side box body, and a lens protection mechanism is arranged on the side box body; the lens protection mechanism can effectively isolate the interference of temperature fluctuation of an optical detection path on detection precision during optical detection operation, and the accuracy and repeatability of optical centering detection are improved; the adjustable clamping mechanism can realize high-precision concentricity self-adaptive correction of an optical lens assembly workpiece, and effectively solves the machining precision out-of-tolerance problem caused by workpiece clamping eccentricity and optical axis inclination; through the pure mechanical linkage cooperation of the shielding mechanism and the upper protection mechanism, the functions of automatic avoidance of a detection light path and double protection in a machining state are realized, and the detection permeability and equipment protection are considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cutting and machining equipment, and specifically relates to an optical self-centering lathe. Background Technology

[0002] Optical self-centering lathes are specialized equipment for ultra-precision machining of optical lens mounts. They mainly rely on autocollimating optical detectors to detect workpiece optical axis eccentricity and tilt, and cooperate with clamping mechanisms to achieve workpiece centering correction. They are widely used in the turning of high-precision parts such as optical lenses, precision lens groups, and optoelectronic components.

[0003] Existing optical centering lathes generally employ a fixed optical path detection structure, using a top-mounted autocollimating optical detector to directly detect the optical axis centering of the workpiece below, thereby achieving workpiece eccentricity correction and precision turning. However, because the optical detection path is exposed to the open environment of the workshop, the hot airflow generated during processing and fluctuations in ambient temperature can easily cause uneven air refractive index in the optical path, leading to detection errors and affecting centering accuracy. Furthermore, traditional equipment lacks a mechanical protective structure that operates in conjunction with the process, making it impossible to achieve constant temperature isolation for the detection optical path. Additionally, the optical lenses and optical path mirrors are constantly exposed, making them susceptible to corrosion from cutting debris and high-temperature oil mist, thus limiting the stability and lifespan of the equipment during continuous processing. Therefore, it is necessary to design an optical self-centering lathe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optical self-centering lathe with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: An optical self-centering lathe includes a lower support, a feed mechanism at the top of the lower support, a turning tool mounted on the feed mechanism, a side housing fixed to the lower support, a centering detection unit mounted on the side housing, a lens protection mechanism mounted on the side housing, and an adjustable clamping mechanism located below the centering detection unit on the lower support. The lens protection mechanism includes a push cylinder fixed in a groove in the side housing, a support cylinder fixedly connected to the output end of the push cylinder, a heat insulation layer fixed to the inner wall of the support cylinder, a lower lens fixed to the bottom of the support cylinder, a shielding mechanism for protecting the lower lens mounted on the support cylinder, and an upper protection mechanism mounted on the centering detection unit. The upper protection mechanism includes a fixed mounting frame, limit rods symmetrically arranged on the mounting frame, a sliding rod fixed to the limit rod, a protective frame slidably connected to the sliding rod, and a return spring sleeved on the limit rod between the protective frame and the mounting frame.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, a lifting platform is slidably connected to the protective frame, and a flexible pad is fixed at the top center of the lifting platform.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, an inclined surface is provided on one side of the bottom of the lifting platform, and a pusher that can abut against the inclined surface is fixed on the side wall of the support cylinder.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the shielding mechanism includes a rotating frame fixed to the outside of the support cylinder, an unfolding frame symmetrically rotatably connected to the top of the rotating frame, and a protrusion fixed on the mounting frame that can abut against the unfolding frame as it opens to both sides.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, a connecting frame is fixed on the rotating frame, and a spring sheet that abuts against the unfolding frame is fixed on the connecting frame.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the bottom of the rotating frame is symmetrically connected to a closed plate, the closed plate and the unfolding frame are fixed by a side support rod, and the contact surface of the two closed plates is provided with an elastic strip.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the adjustable clamping mechanism includes a rotating disk rotatably connected to the lower support, an adjusting disk rotatably connected to the rotating disk, an adjusting motor fixed on the rotating disk, the output end of the adjusting motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting disk, the rotating disk being connected to the output end of the drive motor via a belt and rollers, and the drive motor being fixed inside the lower support.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, a lower support is rotatably connected to the adjusting plate, an adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the adjusting plate, the output end of the adjusting cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower support, a horizontal lead screw module is fixed on the lower support, a vertical lead screw module is fixed to the moving end of the horizontal lead screw module, and a four-jaw chuck is fixed to the moving end of the vertical lead screw module.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a lifting module fixed on the lower support, a translation module fixed at the moving end of the lifting module, and a turning tool fixed on the moving end of the translation module.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the centering detection unit includes a fixing frame fixed on the side box, a self-collimating optical detector fixed on the fixing frame, a mounting frame fixed on the self-collimating optical detector, and an operation screen fixed on the side box.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. When the device of the present invention performs centering detection, the push cylinder extends and pushes the support cylinder to move to the optical path area between the autocollimating optical detector and the workpiece. The support cylinder, together with the heat insulation layer set in the inner wall, forms an independent and sealed constant temperature optical path channel, which can effectively isolate the temperature difference of the workshop environment, the residual heat of cutting and the disturbance of dynamic hot air flow, stabilize the air temperature field inside the optical path channel, avoid the refractive index gradient deviation of the air in the optical path due to temperature fluctuation, prevent the eccentricity and tilt detection errors caused by temperature interference, ensure that the autocollimating optical detector collects real and stable optical axis parameters of the workpiece throughout the process, and improve the accuracy and repeatability of optical centering detection.

[0016] 2. After the workpiece is clamped, when the centering detection unit detects the workpiece's optical axis eccentricity and tilt deviation, the adjusting motor can drive the adjusting disk to deflect relative to the rotating disk, and the adjusting cylinder can drive the lower support to rotate relative to the adjusting disk. In conjunction with the horizontal lead screw module and the vertical lead screw module, the workpiece mounted on the four-jaw chuck can be driven to perform multi-dimensional micro-adjustment of two-dimensional translation and two-dimensional tilt, accurately correcting the coaxiality and parallelism deviation between the workpiece's optical axis and the rotation center of the rotating disk, which serves as the machine tool spindle. After correction, the workpiece's optical axis and the spindle rotation center can be accurately aligned, ensuring the concentricity accuracy of subsequent precision turning and improving the quality of the finished product.

[0017] 3. In the centering inspection process of this invention, the support cylinder moves forward, and the protrusion on the mounting frame presses against the unfolding frame to overcome the elastic force of the spring sheet and open. Simultaneously, the side support rod drives the sealing plate to fully open, exposing the lower lens, ensuring unobstructed and transparent transmission of the inspection optical path, and meeting the requirements of high-precision optical inspection. In the turning process, the support cylinder retracts from the optical path area, and the spring sheet rebounds and resets, driving the sealing plate to close and seal the lower lens, avoiding contamination of the lens by cutting debris and high-temperature oil mist. At the same time, the reset spring can drive the protective frame to slide to the bottom of the autocollimating optical inspection instrument, and cooperate with the pusher to push the lifting platform, so that the flexible pad tightly fits the bottom lens of the autocollimating optical inspection instrument, forming a sealed protective structure to protect the optical inspection components, effectively extending the service life of optical components, reducing the frequency of equipment downtime for cleaning, and improving the stability of continuous processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper protective mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable clamping mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the adjusting cylinder in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the four-jaw chuck in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the protrusion in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Lower support; 2. Side housing; 3. Feed mechanism; 31. Lifting module; 32. Translation module; 4. Turning tool; 5. Centering detection unit; 51. Fixing frame; 52. Autocollimating optical inspection instrument; 6. Lens protection mechanism; 7. Upper protection mechanism; 8. Adjustable clamping mechanism; 9. Operation panel; 61. Push cylinder; 62. Support cylinder; 63. Thermal insulation layer; 64. Lower lens; 65. Shielding mechanism; 651. Rotating frame; 652. Unfolding frame; 653. Protrusion; 654. Connecting... 655. Connecting frame; 656. Spring; 657. Enclosure plate; 658. Side support rod; 659. Elastic strip; 70. Return spring; 71. Mounting frame; 72. Limiting rod; 73. Sliding rod; 74. Protective frame; 75. Flexible pad; 76. Lifting platform; 77. Inclined surface; 78. Pushing frame; 80. Adjusting cylinder; 81. Rotary disc; 82. Adjusting disc; 83. Adjusting motor; 84. Drive motor; 85. Lower bracket; 86. Horizontal lead screw module; 87. Longitudinal lead screw module; 88. Four-jaw chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0021] Example: Please refer to Figures 1-7An optical self-centering lathe includes a lower support 1, a feed mechanism 3 on the top of the lower support 1, a lifting module 31 fixed to the lower support 1, a translation module 32 fixed to the moving end of the lifting module 31, and a turning tool 4 fixed to the moving end of the translation module 32. The lifting module 31 and translation module 32 are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. They can work together to adjust the height and feed rate of the turning tool 4, achieving multi-dimensional precise feeding of the turning tool 4 and ensuring dimensional accuracy and surface quality in the turning process. A side housing 2 is fixed to the lower support 1, and a centering detection unit 5 is provided on the side housing 2. The centering detection unit 5 includes a fixing frame 51 fixed to the side housing 2, and a self-aligning... The self-collimating optical inspection instrument 52 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. It can accurately collect the optical axis eccentricity and tilt parameters of the optical mirror of the workpiece in a non-contact manner, providing data basis for the correction of the clamping position. An operation screen 9 is fixed on the side box 2, which can realize the setting of equipment parameters, real-time display of detection data, monitoring of processing status and control of process switching, improving the ease of operation of the equipment. A lens protection mechanism 6 is set on the side box 2, and an adjustable clamping mechanism 8 is set on the lower support 1 below the centering detection unit 5. The adjustable clamping mechanism 8 is used to clamp and fix the workpiece, and adjust the centering of the workpiece in combination with the detection results of the centering detection unit 5, and complete the precision turning operation with the workpiece rotating on the adjustable clamping mechanism 8.

[0022] Please see Figures 3-5The adjustable clamping mechanism 8 includes a rotating disk 81 rotatably connected to a lower support 1, an adjusting disk 82 rotatably connected to the rotating disk 81, an adjusting motor 83 fixed to the rotating disk 81, the output end of the adjusting motor 83 fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting disk 82, the rotating disk 81 being connected to the output end of a drive motor 84 via a belt and rollers, the drive motor 84 being fixed inside the lower support 1, a lower bracket 85 rotatably connected to the adjusting disk 82, an adjusting cylinder 80 rotatably connected to the adjusting disk 82, the output end of the adjusting cylinder 80 rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower bracket 85, a transverse lead screw module 86 fixed to the lower bracket 85, a longitudinal lead screw module 87 fixed to the moving end of the transverse lead screw module 86, and a four-jaw chuck 88 fixed to the moving end of the longitudinal lead screw module 87 (the four-jaw chuck 88 is prior art and will not be described in detail here); the adjustable clamping mechanism 8 is used for clamping and fixing... The optical lens assembly workpiece can be fixed, enabling overall rotation, angle tilting, and multi-dimensional micro-adjustment in the lateral and longitudinal directions. Combined with the centering detection unit 5, it corrects the optical axis eccentricity of the workpiece, ensuring optical coaxiality accuracy before machining. The rotating disk 81 carries the workpiece for circumferential rotation, and the drive motor 84 enables high-speed rotation of the workpiece during turning. The adjusting cylinder 80 drives the lower support 85 to rotate on the adjusting disk 82, achieving micro-adjustment of the workpiece's pitch angle. Simultaneously, the adjusting motor 83 adjusts the tilt angle of the adjusting disk 82 relative to the rotating disk 81, thereby correcting the tilt deviation of the workpiece's optical axis. The lateral lead screw module 86 and the longitudinal lead screw module 87 can respectively achieve precise lateral and longitudinal translation of the workpiece, correcting the radial eccentricity deviation of the workpiece's optical axis. The four-jaw chuck 88 enables stable clamping of the optical lens assembly workpiece, adapting to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different sizes and ensuring initial coaxiality during clamping.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-2 and Figure 6The lens protection mechanism 6 includes a push cylinder 61 fixed in the groove of the side housing 2. A support cylinder 62 is fixedly connected to the output end of the push cylinder 61. A heat insulation layer 63 is fixed on the inner wall of the support cylinder 62. A lower lens 64 is fixed to the bottom of the support cylinder 62. A shielding mechanism 65 is provided on the support cylinder 62 to protect the lower lens 64. An upper protection mechanism 7 is provided on the centering detection unit 5 to protect the lens of the autocollimating optical inspection instrument 52. The lens protection mechanism 6 can drive the support cylinder 62 to move horizontally via the push cylinder 61. During the inspection station, the support cylinder 62 is positioned between the autocollimating optical inspection instrument 52 and the workpiece, forming an independent constant-temperature optical path channel using the cylinder and the heat insulation layer 63, thus isolating... External temperature fluctuations and hot air flow disturbances ensure uniform air refractive index in the detection optical path, avoiding false eccentricity detection errors. During the cutting station, the support cylinder 62 moves out of the optical path area to avoid the turning machining space. The push cylinder 61 provides a stable linear reciprocating driving force, enabling precise switching and positioning of the support cylinder 62 between the detection station and the cutting station. The heat insulation layer 63 uses a low thermal conductivity insulation material, which can effectively isolate cutting heat radiation and ambient temperature conduction, further improving the constant temperature effect of the optical path channel. The lower lens 64 uses a high transmittance optical lens, which can ensure lossless transmission of the detection optical path, while blocking large particles of impurities from entering the optical path channel between the support cylinders 62, protecting the lens on the self-collimating optical detector 52.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 and Figures 6-7The shielding mechanism 65 includes a rotating frame 651 fixed to the outside of the support cylinder 62. A deployable frame 652 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the top of the rotating frame 651. A protrusion 653, which abuts against the deployable frame 652 and opens to both sides, is fixed to the upper protective mechanism 7. A connecting frame 654 is fixed to the rotating frame 651, and a spring piece 655 is fixed to the connecting frame 654. The spring piece 655 abuts against the deployable frame 652 and provides a stable restoring force, ensuring that the deployable frame 652 can quickly retract and return to its original position after disengaging from the protrusion 653. A closing plate 656 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating frame 651. The closing plate 656 and the deployable frame 652 are fixed by a side support rod 657. The side support rod 657 enables synchronous linkage between the deployable frame 652 and the closing plate 656, ensuring the opening and closing motion... The two sealing plates 656 are equipped with elastic strips 658 on their contact surfaces. The elastic strips 658 can improve the sealing performance of the sealing plates 656 after they are closed, while avoiding wear and noise caused by rigid collisions and extending the service life of the mechanism. The shielding mechanism 65 opens and closes the sealing plates 656 as the support cylinder 62 moves forward and backward. When the support cylinder 62 moves forward to the detection position, the protrusion 653 presses against the unfolding frame 652 to overcome the elastic force of the spring piece 655 and opens. The side support rod 657 drives the sealing plates 656 to open synchronously, exposing the lower lens 64 and ensuring that the optical path is unobstructed. When the support cylinder 62 is withdrawn from the optical path, the spring piece 655 springs back to its original position, driving the unfolding frame 652 to close. The sealing plates 656 close and seal the lower lens 64 to prevent cutting chips and oil mist from contaminating the lower lens 64.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 and Figures 6-7The upper protective mechanism 7 includes a mounting bracket 71 fixed to the autocollimating optical detector 52, a protrusion 653 fixed to the mounting bracket 71, limit rods 72 symmetrically fixed to the mounting bracket 71, a sliding rod 73 fixed to the limit rod 72, and a protective frame 74 slidably connected to the sliding rod 73. The limit rod 72 and the sliding rod 73 form a stepped shaft sliding structure, which can limit the sliding position of the protective frame 74. A return spring 70 is provided between the protective frame 74 and the mounting bracket 71, and the return spring 70 is sleeved on the limit rod 72 and the sliding rod 73. A lifting platform 76 is slidably connected to the moving rod 73 and the protective frame 74. A flexible pad 75 is fixed at the center of the top of the lifting platform 76, and an inclined surface 77 is provided on one side of the bottom of the lifting platform 76. A pusher 78 that can abut against the inclined surface 77 is fixed on the side wall of the support cylinder 62. The return spring 70 is always in a stretched state. When the support cylinder 62 is above the cutting position, the lifting platform 76 abuts against the support cylinder 62 under the elastic force of the return spring 70. When the support cylinder 62 retracts from the cutting position, the lifting platform 76 moves with the protective frame 74. When the return spring 70 moves, it pulls the protective frame 74 to slide closer to the detector until the protective frame 74 contacts the limit rod 72. The support cylinder 62 continues to move and disengages from the lifting platform 76. At this time, under the pulling force of the return spring 70, the protective frame 74 remains below the autocollimating optical detector 52 until the pusher 78 contacts the inclined surface 77 and pushes up the lifting platform 76 by pressing against the inclined surface 77, causing the flexible pad 75 to move upward and fit against the bottom lens of the autocollimating optical detector 52, achieving sealed dust protection during the processing; support cylinder When the 62 forward-moving reset detection station is reached, the pusher 78 first disengages from the inclined surface 77, and the lifting platform 76 falls under gravity until the support cylinder 62 abuts against the lifting platform 76, pushing the lifting platform 76 and the protective frame 74 out of the space below the autocollimating optical detector 52, removing the lens obstruction and automatically clearing the detection optical path; the flexible pad 75 is made of a flexible material that is anti-static and resistant to high and low temperatures, and can fit tightly against the bottom lens of the autocollimating optical detector 52, ensuring dust protection while avoiding rigid contact that could scratch the optical surface of the lens.

[0026] It should be noted that, when using this optical self-centering lathe, the optical lens assembly to be processed is first clamped on the four-jaw chuck 88. The four-jaw chuck 88 can ensure the stability of the workpiece clamping and the initial position accuracy, providing a basis for subsequent centering inspection. After the equipment is started, it enters the pre-inspection process. The push cylinder 61 extends and pushes the support cylinder 62 to move to the optical path area between the autocollimating optical inspection instrument 52 and the workpiece. At this time, the push frame 78 on the side wall of the support cylinder 62 disengages from the inclined surface 77 of the lifting platform 76. The lifting platform 76 falls under the action of gravity, and the flexible pad 75 separates from the bottom of the autocollimating optical inspection instrument 52. As the support cylinder 62 moves, the support cylinder 62 abuts against the lifting platform 76, pushing the lifting platform 76 and the protective frame 74 out of the space below the autocollimating optical inspection instrument 52, releasing the lens obstruction and automatically clearing the inspection optical path. Simultaneously, as the support cylinder 62 moves forward, the protrusions 653 on the mounting frame 71 press against the two sides of the unfolding frame 652, causing the unfolding frame 652 to compress the spring sheet 655 and deform elastically, opening to both sides. The unfolding frame 652, through the side support rod 657, simultaneously drives the two sets of bottom sealing plates 656 to fully open, exposing the lower lens 64 at the bottom of the support cylinder 62, revealing the vertical detection channel without obstruction. At this time, the self-collimating optical detector 52 is activated, and the detection light path passes through the lower lens 64 and is projected onto the optical mirror surface of the workpiece. The support cylinder 62, together with the inner wall insulation layer 63, forms a sealed constant temperature light path space, isolating the temperature difference and hot air flow disturbance of the workshop environment, ensuring the uniformity of the light path temperature field, eliminating the detection refractive index deviation caused by temperature fluctuations, and accurately collecting the workpiece optical axis eccentricity and tilt data. When the workpiece is detected to have optical axis eccentricity or tilting deviation, the adjustable clamping mechanism 8 performs correction: the adjusting motor 83 drives the adjusting disk 82 to deflect relative to the rotating disk 81, and in conjunction with the adjusting cylinder 80, the horizontal lead screw module 86 and the vertical lead screw module 87, completes the two-dimensional translation and two-dimensional tilting fine adjustment of the workpiece mounted on the four-jaw chuck 88, so that the optical axis of the workpiece is coaxial with the rotation center of the rotating disk 81, which is the machine tool spindle, thereby correcting the coaxiality deviation between the optical axis of the workpiece and the rotation center of the machine tool spindle. After the correction is completed, it is retested by the centering detection unit 5 until the eccentricity parameter meets the standard. After the workpiece is centered and corrected, it enters the turning process. The push cylinder 61 retracts and pulls the support cylinder 62 to the side to exit the optical path area. During the retraction of the support cylinder 62, the protrusion 653 disengages from the unfolding frame 652, and the deformed spring 655 elastically rebounds, driving the unfolding frames 652 on both sides to retract and reset. At the same time, the side support rod 657 drives the two sets of sealing plates 656 at the bottom to close in opposite directions. With the elastic strip 658 of the contact surface, they are sealed and fitted together, completely shielding and protecting the lower lens 64. The closed protective structure can completely block the chips and oil mist during the cutting process, greatly reducing the probability of lens contamination and reducing the frequency of equipment downtime for cleaning. At the same time, as the spring 70 of the support cylinder 62 releases its elastic force, the protective frame 74 slides along the sliding rod 73 and the limiting rod 72 and approaches the autocollimating optical detector 52. Then, the pusher 78 on the side wall of the support cylinder 62 presses against the inclined surface 7 of the lifting platform 76, pushing the lifting platform 76 upward, so that the top flexible pad 75 is tightly attached to the bottom lens end face of the autocollimating optical detector 52. The sealed protective cavity formed can completely isolate the high temperature oil mist and metal debris in the processing process from corroding the detector lens, extend the service life of optical components, and ensure the long-term stability of detection accuracy. At this time, the feed mechanism 3 is started, and the lifting module 31 and the translation module 32 cooperate to drive the turning tool 4 to feed precisely, ensuring that the dimensional accuracy, roundness and surface roughness of the lens mount meet the requirements of optical lens assembly, and performing ultra-precision turning on the lens mount workpiece after centering and correction. After a batch of workpieces is turned, the equipment switches to the re-inspection process. The push cylinder 61 extends again to push the support cylinder 62 back to its original position, the push frame 78 gradually separates from the inclined surface 77, and the lifting platform 76 falls automatically by gravity after losing its pushing force. The flexible pad 75 detaches from the lens of the detector to remove its protection. At the same time, the shielding mechanism 65 automatically opens again, exposing the lower lens 64, and the optical path is reopened. The equipment restarts the optical centering detection to complete the precision re-inspection of the workpiece after processing. This verifies the centering accuracy and processing accuracy of the workpiece, realizes closed-loop quality control throughout the entire process, and ensures the finished product qualification rate.

[0027] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical self-centering lathe, comprising a lower support (1), characterized in that: The lower support (1) is provided with a feed mechanism (3) at its top, and a turning tool (4) is mounted on the feed mechanism (3). A side box (2) is fixed on the lower support (1), and a centering detection unit (5) is provided on the side box (2). A lens protection mechanism (6) is provided on the side box (2). An adjustable clamping mechanism (8) located below the centering detection unit (5) is provided on the lower support (1). The lens protection mechanism (6) includes a push cylinder (61) fixed in the groove of the side box (2). The output end of the push cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to a support cylinder (62). A support cylinder (62) is fixed on the inner wall of the support cylinder (62). The insulation layer (63) has a lower lens (64) fixed at the bottom of the support cylinder (62). The support cylinder (62) is provided with a shielding mechanism (65) to protect the lower lens (64). The centering detection unit (5) is provided with an upper protection mechanism (7). The upper protection mechanism (7) includes a fixed mounting frame (71). Limiting rods (72) are symmetrically arranged on the mounting frame (71). A sliding rod (73) is fixed on the limiting rod (72). A protective frame (74) is slidably connected on the sliding rod (73). A reset spring (70) sleeved on the limiting rod (72) is provided between the protective frame (74) and the mounting frame (71).

2. The optical self-centering lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting platform (76) is slidably connected to the protective frame (74), and a flexible pad (75) is fixed at the top center of the lifting platform (76).

3. The optical self-centering lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom side of the lifting platform (76) is provided with an inclined surface (77), and a pusher (78) that can abut against the inclined surface (77) is fixed on the side wall of the support cylinder (62).

4. The optical self-centering lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding mechanism (65) includes a rotating frame (651) fixed outside the support cylinder (62), and an unfolding frame (652) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the top of the rotating frame (651). A protrusion (653) that can abut against the unfolding frame (652) and open to both sides is fixed on the mounting frame (71).

5. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting frame (654) is fixed on the rotating frame (651), and a spring piece (655) is fixed on the connecting frame (654) to abut against the unfolding frame (652).

6. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating frame (651) is symmetrically rotatably connected with a closing plate (656). The closing plate (656) and the unfolding frame (652) are fixed by a side support rod (657). The contact surface of the two closing plates (656) is provided with an elastic strip (658).

7. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable clamping mechanism (8) includes a rotating disk (81) rotatably connected to the lower support (1), an adjusting disk (82) rotatably connected to the rotating disk (81), an adjusting motor (83) fixed on the rotating disk (81), the output end of the adjusting motor (83) fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting disk (82), the rotating disk (81) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (84) through a belt and rollers, and the drive motor (84) is fixed inside the lower support (1).

8. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment plate (82) is rotatably connected to a lower bracket (85), and the adjustment plate (82) is rotatably connected to an adjustment cylinder (80). The output end of the adjustment cylinder (80) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lower bracket (85). A horizontal lead screw module (86) is fixed on the lower bracket (85). A vertical lead screw module (87) is fixed on the moving end of the horizontal lead screw module (86). A four-jaw chuck (88) is fixed on the moving end of the vertical lead screw module (87).

9. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (3) includes a lifting module (31) fixed on the lower support (1), a translation module (32) fixed on the moving end of the lifting module (31), and a turning tool (4) fixed on the moving end of the translation module (32).

10. An optical self-centering lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering detection unit (5) includes a fixing frame (51) fixed on the side box (2), a self-collimating optical detector (52) fixed on the fixing frame (51), a mounting frame (71) fixed on the self-collimating optical detector (52), and an operation screen (9) fixed on the side box (2).

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