Automatic light pulling machine device and light pulling method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automatic light pulling machine equipment, and discloses an automatic light pulling machine equipment and a light pulling method. A single power source transmission frame with belt transmission, a bevel gear and a gear ring is adopted for the driver to drive the workbench to rotate uniformly around the center needle passage. The workbench is provided with an eccentric arc-shaped clamping plate, a spiral chute and a slider linkage mechanism. Only by relying on the feeding thrust, the workpiece radial centering clamping and axial pressing positioning can be realized synchronously. A multi-station rotary hopper structure is adopted for the lower clamping jaw, a plurality of groups of integrated polishing silk are preassembled on the lower needle seat, intermittent indexing rotation is adopted to realize automatic and rapid switching of the silk, coaxial butt joint of the upper and lower needle seats is completed through a positioning cone and a magnetic attraction structure, axial self-locking is realized through cooperation of a half-cone-shaped locking seat, the silk is driven to reciprocate along the hole axis by the double telescopic rods alternately, and cooperation with workpiece rotation realizes omnibearing light pulling of the hole inner wall. The application realizes full-process automatic operation and is suitable for batch precision machining of small-diameter inner holes of needle plate parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic polishing machine equipment technology, and particularly to an automatic polishing machine equipment and polishing method. Background Technology

[0002] Needle-plate parts are widely used in textiles, precision machinery, and other fields. Their surfaces have numerous high-precision internal holes, and the roughness and smoothness of the hole walls directly affect the performance and lifespan of the parts. Currently, polishing of these small-diameter internal holes often employs a manual polishing method. This involves manually threading polishing silk and pulling it back and forth by hand to polish the hole walls. This method is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also makes it difficult to maintain consistent force and speed during manual pulling, resulting in inconsistent polishing quality and poor uniformity of hole wall roughness in batches of workpieces, failing to meet the demands of high-precision mass production.

[0003] An automatic polishing machine and polishing method, with application number CN201910468951.4, includes a chassis, a profile frame, a feeding device, a threading device, a polishing device, and a discharging device. The chassis is equipped with a rotating platform and a stepper motor. A small-stroke cylinder, a medium-stroke cylinder, and a feeding device are mounted on the rotating platform. Below the rotating platform, corresponding to the medium-stroke cylinder, is a large-stroke cylinder and a pair of upper and lower clamps. An yode cylinder is positioned above the medium-stroke cylinder. The feeding device feeds a needle plate component to the area below the medium-stroke cylinder. The lower clamp holds a steel needle with silk thread, and the upper clamp, via the medium-stroke cylinder, grasps the steel needle and inserts the silk thread into the needle hole of the needle plate component. The rotating platform rotates by meshing with the gears of the stepper motor, pulling the silk threaded into the needle plate component to polish its inner hole.

[0004] However, in actual use, the workpiece clamping mechanism of existing polishing equipment requires independent pneumatic or electric drive components, resulting in complex equipment structure, cumbersome control logic, high manufacturing costs, and numerous potential failure points. At the same time, most clamping structures can only achieve single radial clamping, making it difficult to simultaneously complete axial clamping. Under alternating loads of polishing, the workpiece is prone to axial movement, and insufficient positioning accuracy can lead to uneven polishing of the hole wall. Moreover, traditional integrated perforating needles require manual threading of polishing silk, and replacing the silk after wear requires machine downtime, resulting in long auxiliary downtime and failing to meet the needs of continuous batch processing. Furthermore, manual threading has poor consistency and is prone to problems such as silk twisting and wrinkling, affecting polishing quality.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes an automatic polishing machine and polishing method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic polishing machine and polishing method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic polishing machine, comprising a frame, a driver fixedly mounted on the frame, a reducer connected to the output end of the driver, the output end of the reducer driving the worktable and the feeding mechanism to rotate synchronously, the feeding mechanism being mounted on the worktable, a lifting mechanism fixedly mounted on the rear top of the frame, an upper gripper mounted on the output end of the lifting mechanism, a lower gripper matching the upper gripper fixed inside the reducer, and a workpiece being clamped and assembled on the worktable; The upper gripper includes a first telescopic rod, and an upper needle seat is fixedly installed at the output end of the first telescopic rod. A locking seat is assembled on the outer side of the upper needle seat, and the outer wall of the locking seat is fixedly connected to the output end of the locking cylinder. The lower gripper includes a servo motor, and a hopper seat is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor. The end face of the hopper seat is evenly provided with storage channels along the circumferential direction. A lower needle seat is assembled at the top of each set of storage channels. The bottom of the lower needle seat is fixedly clamped with a silk body, and a reinforcing end is fixedly installed at the bottom of the silk body. A limiting ring is fixed at the bottom of each set of storage channels to limit the position of the reinforcing end. The bottom of the reinforcing end is fixedly connected to a second telescopic rod, and the other end of the second telescopic rod is fixed to the end face of the lower gripper. The workbench has an inward-shrinking hole, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the inward-shrinking hole. An arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft. A torsion spring sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected between the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping plate and the top of the workbench. An arc-shaped sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a slider is slidably mounted inside the arc-shaped sliding groove and fixed inside the inward-shrinking hole.

[0008] Preferably, a needle-threading channel is provided at the center of the workbench, and a feeding rail is provided in front of the needle-threading channel, a discharging rail is provided to the left of the needle-threading channel, and a material ejection groove is provided to the right of the needle-threading channel. The arc-shaped clamping plate is installed to the left rear of the needle-threading channel, and the arc-shaped clamping plate and the needle-threading channel are eccentrically arranged, and the workpiece is clamped and installed inside the arc-shaped clamping plate.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding cylinder installed inside the feeding track, a guide block slidably assembled inside the feeding track is fixed to the output end of the feeding cylinder, a discharging cylinder is fixed inside the discharging track, a push plate slidably assembled inside the discharging track is fixed to the output end of the discharging cylinder, and a material cylinder is installed above the feeding track by a bracket. The output end of the feeding cylinder drives the guide block to push the workpiece to the arc-shaped clamping plate, causing the arc-shaped clamping plate to rotate counterclockwise around the axis. The workpiece is clamped under the continuous pressure of the feeding cylinder and the squeezing of the arc-shaped clamping plate. At this time, the upper needle seat, the needle hole at the center of the workpiece, the needle channel and the second telescopic rod are coaxial.

[0010] Preferably, when the arc-shaped clamping plate is clamped to the workpiece, the center of the arc-shaped clamping plate is collinear with the axis of the needle-threading channel, and the left end of the arc-shaped clamping plate is flush with the rear side wall of the unloading track, so as not to interfere with the sliding of the push plate in the unloading track. When the arc-shaped clamping plate is not clamped, the right end of the arc-shaped clamping plate corresponds to the loading track, so as to ensure that when the workpiece is loaded, it contacts the arc-shaped clamping plate and pushes the arc-shaped clamping plate to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring and rotate around the pivot.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure plate is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate. When the arc-shaped clamping plate rotates with the rotating shaft, the position of the slider in the arc-shaped groove changes synchronously, driving the rotating shaft and the arc-shaped clamping plate to move synchronously into the inward shrinkage hole. The pressure plate positions and pressurizes the top of the workpiece.

[0012] Preferably, the storage channel is configured with twenty sets of through holes running vertically along the circumference of the hopper seat, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the needle hole. The second telescopic rod and the needle channel are arranged on the same axis, and the rotation angle of the servo motor is 18° for each rotation.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the upper needle holder is embedded with an annular permanent magnet, and a positioning cone is integrally formed at the center of the bottom of the upper needle holder. The top of each set of lower needle holders is embedded with a magnet piece that matches the annular permanent magnet, and a conical hole matching the positioning cone is opened at the center of the top of each set of lower needle holders.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the upper gripper is provided with a horizontally arranged slide rail, the locking seat is a semi-conical sleeve, and the bottom end of the locking seat is integrally formed with a locking ring that matches the lower needle seat, and the top of the locking seat is integrally formed with a slide seat that is slidably assembled inside the slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the driver includes a drive motor, and the output end of the drive motor drives the reducer to work through a synchronous pulley and a belt. The reducer is composed of a main bevel gear, a secondary bevel gear and a drive wheel, and the secondary bevel gear and the drive wheel are coaxially arranged through a drive shaft. An inner support frame is fixed at the bottom of the worktable, and an outer fixed frame is sleeved on the outside of the inner support frame. The inner support frame and the outer fixed frame are equipped with tapered roller bearings. A gear ring that meshes with the drive wheel is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the worktable through a spline.

[0016] This invention provides an automatic light-pulling method, the steps of which are as follows: S1. Insert the pre-installed silk body and the needle seat with the reinforced end into the storage channels of the hopper in sequence. Stack the workpieces to be processed into the material cylinder. Turn on the power and air supply of the equipment and set the process parameters of the worktable rotation speed, grinding stroke, grinding frequency and processing time. S2. The feeding cylinder extends and drives the guide block to push the workpiece towards the center of the worktable along the feeding track. The workpiece pushes the arc-shaped clamping plate to overcome the torsion spring force and rotate around the rotating shaft. Through the spiral linkage between the slider and the arc-shaped slide, the rotating shaft and the arc-shaped clamping plate move down synchronously, so that the arc-shaped clamping plate forms radial centering clamping on the workpiece and the pressure plate forms axial pressure on the workpiece, so that the needle hole of the workpiece and the needle channel at the center of the worktable remain coaxial. S3. The servo motor drives the indexing rotation of the hopper seat, which transfers a set of lower needle seats to the bottom of the needle channel and aligns them coaxially with the second telescopic rod. The lifting mechanism drives the upper gripper to move down to the processing position. The locking cylinder retracts and drives the locking seat to move laterally to avoid the downward path of the needle body. The first telescopic rod extends and drives the upper needle seat to pass down through the needle hole. The positioning cone and the tapered positioning hole cooperate to complete the coaxial alignment. Then, the upper needle seat and the lower needle seat are rigidly connected by magnetic attraction. The electromagnetic magnetic attraction connector at the top of the second telescopic rod is energized to attract and reinforce the end, and moves upward synchronously with the first telescopic rod, driving the silk body to completely pass through the needle hole. S4. After the upper needle seat and the lower needle seat reach the preset processing position, the locking cylinder extends and drives the locking seat to engage with the bottom step surface of the lower needle seat, thereby locking the needle body axially. The first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod extend and retract synchronously at a preset frequency, driving the silk body to reciprocate along the needle hole axially. At the same time, the driver drives the worktable and the workpiece to rotate at a constant speed through belt drive, bevel gear drive and gear ring meshing drive, so that the silk body performs all-round brightening processing on the inner wall of the needle hole. S5. After a single workpiece is processed, the driver stops running, the worktable stops at the initial angle, the locking cylinder retracts and releases the lock, the first telescopic rod extends and the second telescopic rod retracts synchronously, driving the lower needle seat downward through the needle hole and fall back into the storage channel. The second telescopic rod is de-energized and releases the magnetic attraction, the first telescopic rod continues to retract, driving the upper needle seat and lower needle seat to separate and reset to the initial high position, and the lifting mechanism drives the upper gripper to move upward as a whole to avoid the material discharge path. S6. The unloading cylinder extends and drives the push plate to slide towards the center along the unloading track, pushing the processed workpiece out from the arc-shaped clamping plate. The workpiece slides down the unloading groove to the finished product collection area. After the workpiece is pushed out, the torsion spring releases its elastic force, causing the arc-shaped clamping plate and the rotating shaft to rotate and reset. The loading cylinder retracts and resets synchronously. The next workpiece in the material cylinder falls into the front positioning area of ​​the guide block. The above process is repeated to enter the next processing cycle.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention breaks through the conventional technical prejudice that workpiece clamping must be equipped with an independent drive source. It uses the feeding thrust as the only power input, and through the mechanical linkage of the eccentric arc clamping plate, the spiral groove and the slider, the linear pushing action is synchronously transformed into two degrees of freedom of positioning constraints: radial centering clamping and axial pressing. This achieves a powerless self-response of clamping when feeding and releasing when unloading, without the need for additional control signals and drive components. It simplifies the complexity of the equipment from the structural level and reduces the failure rate. 2. This invention abandons the traditional integrated perforating needle manual threading and single needle recycling mode. The silk body is pre-assembled on the lower needle seat and integrated into the multi-station rotary hopper seat. The silk body is automatically switched in seconds by the indexing rotation of the servo motor. The needle threading action is completed with the magnetic docking structure. This completely solves the pain points of long downtime and low efficiency of manual operation in traditional equipment. At the same time, the split needle body avoids the weakening of structural strength by slotting and extends the life of core components. 3. This invention uses a single driver to drive the worktable to rotate via a transmission chain of belt drive, bevel gear, and gear ring. Mechanical transmission ensures rotational accuracy and stability. At the same time, loading, processing, unloading, and unloading are integrated in a cross shape on the worktable surface, so that material flow does not cross. Compared with multi-motor separate drive schemes, it eliminates synchronization errors from the root and has the dual advantages of compact layout and reliable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a first-view structural diagram of the assembly of the upper gripper, feeding mechanism and lower gripper of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a second-view structural diagram of the assembly of the upper gripper, feeding mechanism, and lower gripper of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper gripper, feeding mechanism and lower gripper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper gripper, feeding mechanism and lower gripper of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a partial assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped clamping plate structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 10. Frame; 20. Driver; 21. Drive motor; 22. Belt; 30. Reducer; 31. Main bevel gear; 32. Secondary bevel gear; 33. Drive wheel; 34. Gear ring; 35. Inner support frame; 36. Outer fixed frame; 37. Tapered roller bearing; 40. Worktable; 41. Feeding track; 42. Discharging track; 43. Unloading groove; 44. Rotating shaft; 45. Arc-shaped clamping plate; 46. Pressure plate; 47. Torsion spring; 48. Arc-shaped slide groove; 4 9. Slider; 50. Feeding mechanism; 51. Loading cylinder; 52. Guide block; 53. Unloading cylinder; 54. Push plate; 55. Material cylinder; 60. Lifting mechanism; 70. Upper gripper; 71. First telescopic rod; 72. Upper needle seat; 73. Locking cylinder; 74. Locking seat; 80. Lower gripper; 81. Material bin seat; 82. Second telescopic rod; 83. Limiting ring; 84. Reinforced end; 85. Lower needle seat; 86. Silk body; 90. Workpiece body; 91. Needle hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, this embodiment discloses an automatic polishing machine, including a frame 10. A driver 20 is fixedly installed on the frame 10. The output end of the driver 20 is connected to a reducer 30. The output end of the reducer 30 drives the worktable 40 and the feeding mechanism 50 to rotate synchronously. The feeding mechanism 50 is installed on the worktable 40. A lifting mechanism 60 is fixed to the rear top of the frame 10. An upper gripper 70 is installed at the output end of the lifting mechanism 60. A lower gripper 80 matching the upper gripper 70 is fixed inside the reducer 30. A workpiece 90 is clamped and assembled on the worktable 40. The workpiece 90 has a needle hole 91. The driver 20 includes a drive motor 21. The output end of the drive motor 21 drives the reducer 30 through a synchronous pulley and a belt 22. The output shaft of the drive motor 21 and the input shaft of the reducer 30 are connected by a synchronous pulley and a belt 22. The belt drive pair and reducer 30 are composed of a main bevel gear 31, a secondary bevel gear 32 and a drive wheel 33. The secondary bevel gear 32 and the drive wheel 33 are coaxially arranged through a drive shaft. The main bevel gear 31 is coaxially fixed to the end of the input shaft of the reducer 30. An inner support frame 35 is fixed to the bottom of the worktable 40. An outer fixed frame 36 is sleeved on the outside of the inner support frame 35. The outer fixed frame 36 is fixed to the top of the frame 10. The inner support frame 35 and the outer fixed frame 36 are equipped with tapered roller bearings 37. A gear ring 34 that meshes with the drive wheel 33 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the worktable 40 through a spline. A needle channel is opened at the center of the worktable 40. The rotation axis of the worktable 40 coincides with the axis of the needle channel at the center of the equipment. The pneumatic components on the worktable 40 are connected to an external air source through a rotary air connector set at the center to avoid the pipeline from getting tangled during rotation.

[0022] The rotational power output by the drive motor 21 is transmitted to the input shaft of the reducer 30 via the synchronous pulley and belt 22, driving the main bevel gear 31 to rotate. Through bevel gear meshing, the power is reversed and transmitted to the secondary bevel gear 32 and the coaxial drive wheel 33. The drive wheel 33 drives the worktable 40 to rotate around its own central axis through meshing with the gear ring 34. The tapered roller bearing 37 simultaneously bears the axial and radial loads of the worktable 40, maintaining the smoothness of the rotation process. The transmission architecture of belt drive combined with bevel gear reduction utilizes the buffering and vibration absorption characteristics of belt drive to reduce starting impact, and realizes 90-degree power reversal and speed reduction and torque increase through bevel gear drive. The large-diameter transmission form of gear ring meshing further reduces the rotational speed and increases the rotational torque, ensuring the uniformity and smoothness of the 90-degree rotation polishing process of the workpiece. The support form of the tapered roller bearing can effectively offset the axial alternating load during the grinding process, avoid the worktable from moving, and ensure processing accuracy. The single power source drive form eliminates the synchronization error of multi-motor drive from the root and simplifies the control system.

[0023] The worktable 40 has an inward-shrinking hole, and a rotating shaft 44 is rotatably mounted inside the inward-shrinking hole. An arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft 44. A torsion spring 47 sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 44 is fixedly connected between the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and the top of the worktable 40. An arc-shaped sliding groove 48 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 44. The arc-shaped sliding groove 48 extends spirally in the circumferential direction, and a slider 49 is fixedly mounted inside the arc-shaped sliding groove 48. A pressure plate 46 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner side wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45. When the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 rotates with the rotating shaft 44, the position of the slider 49 in the arc-shaped groove 48 changes synchronously, causing the rotating shaft 44 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 to move synchronously into the inward shrinkage hole. The pressure plate 46 positions and presses the top of the workpiece 90. That is, when the rotating shaft 44 is subjected to tangential force to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 47 and rotates counterclockwise, the slider 49 slides relative to the arc-shaped groove 48. Through the squeezing action of the spiral inclined surface, the rotating shaft 44 moves downward along the axis, thereby causing the pressure plate 46 to move downward and press the top surface of the workpiece 90.

[0024] Furthermore, a radially extending feed rail 41 is provided in front of the needle threading channel, a radially extending unfeeding rail 42 is provided to the left of the needle threading channel, and a vertically penetrating unfeeding groove 43 is provided to the right of the needle threading channel. An arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is installed to the left rear of the needle threading channel, and the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and the needle threading channel are eccentrically arranged, and the workpiece 90 is clamped and installed inside the arc-shaped clamping plate 45.

[0025] When the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is clamping the workpiece 90, the center of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is collinear with the axis of the needle-threading channel, and the left end of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is flush with the rear side wall of the unloading track 42, so as not to interfere with the sliding of the push plate 54 in the unloading track 42. When the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is not clamping, the right end of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 corresponds to the loading track 41, ensuring that when the workpiece 90 is loaded, it contacts the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and pushes the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 47 and rotate around the rotating shaft 44. When the workpiece 90 is pushed to the inside of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is rotated to the clamping position, the needle hole 91 of the workpiece 90 is coaxial with the needle channel, and the left end of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 is flush with the rear side wall of the unloading track 42, without interfering with the unloading action. In the initial state, the elastic force of the torsion spring 47 keeps the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 in the loading docking position. When the workpiece 90 is pushed to the inside of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 along the loading track 41, the outer wall of the workpiece 90 applies a tangential thrust to the arc-shaped clamping plate 45, overcoming the elastic force of the torsion spring 47 and driving the rotating shaft 44 to rotate counterclockwise. During the rotation, the fixed slider 49 interacts with the spiral arc-shaped slide 48, converting the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 44 into an axial downward displacement, causing the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 to drive the pressure plate 46 to move down synchronously until the workpiece 90 reaches the processing station. The inner arc surface of the clamping plate 45 fits tightly against the outer wall of the workpiece to achieve radial clamping. At the same time, the pressure plate 46 presses the top surface of the workpiece 90 to achieve axial positioning. After processing, the workpiece 90 is pushed out laterally. The torsion spring 47 drives the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and the rotating shaft 44 to rotate and reset. The slider 49 slides in the opposite direction along the arc-shaped groove 48 to drive the rotating shaft 44 to move upward and reset. The self-clamping structure with pure mechanical linkage can achieve radial centering clamping and axial pressing positioning of the workpiece by using only the thrust of the feeding process. There is no need to set up additional clamping drive components, which greatly simplifies the equipment structure and control logic. The linkage structure of the spiral groove and the slider converts the rotational motion into the axial pressing action, realizing multi-degree-of-freedom positioning constraints under a single input, effectively reducing the equipment manufacturing cost and failure points. Moreover, the clamping force is adaptively adjusted with the feeding thrust to avoid pressure damage to the workpiece surface caused by rigid clamping.

[0026] The feeding mechanism 50 includes a feeding cylinder 51 installed inside the feeding track 41. The output end of the feeding cylinder 51 is fixed with a guide block 52 that is slidably assembled inside the feeding track 41. The unloading track 42 is fixed with a unloading cylinder 53. The output end of the unloading cylinder 53 is fixed with a push plate 54 that is slidably assembled inside the unloading track 42. A material cylinder 55 is installed above the feeding track 41 by a bracket. Several workpieces 90 to be processed are stacked inside the material cylinder 55. The bottom outlet of the material cylinder 55 is connected to the feeding track 41, and the height of the outlet only allows a single workpiece 90 to pass through. The unloading groove 43 is arranged radially through the worktable 40 for the lateral discharge of abnormal workpieces.

[0027] During loading, the workpiece 90 at the bottom of the material cylinder 55 falls into the positioning area at the front end of the guide block 52. The loading cylinder 51 extends, driving the guide block 52 to slide towards the center along the loading track 41, pushing the workpiece 90 to the inner side of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 at the central processing station, completing the loading and clamping action. After processing, the unloading cylinder 53 extends, driving the push plate 54 to slide towards the center along the unloading track 42, pushing the processed workpiece 90 out of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45. The workpiece 90 moves outward along the unloading track 42 to the finished product collection area. If jamming or defective workpieces occur... The workpiece can be pushed out of the equipment laterally through the ejector chute 43. The cross-shaped workstation layout integrates the functions of loading, processing, unloading, and ejection on the workbench 40. The material flow path is clear and there is no cross interference. The stacked material cylinder 55, together with the single cylinder pushing loading structure, can realize continuous automatic loading without manual placement of each piece, which greatly improves the loading efficiency. The arc-shaped pushing surface of the guide block 52 can ensure the stability of the workpiece posture during the pushing process and avoid deflection and jamming. The independent ejector chute 43 design improves the abnormal handling capability of the equipment and facilitates equipment maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0028] The lower gripper 80 is fixedly positioned directly below the needle threading channel. The lower gripper 80 includes a servo motor, and a material hopper seat 81 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the servo motor. The material hopper seat 81 is disc-shaped, with the output shaft of the servo motor facing upward and fixedly connected to the center of the material hopper seat 81. The end face of the material hopper seat 81 is evenly provided with storage channels along the circumferential direction. A lower needle seat 85 is assembled at the top of each set of storage channels. The bottom of the lower needle seat 85 is fixedly clamped with a silk body 86, and a reinforcing end 84 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the silk body 86. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 83 is smaller than the outer diameter of the reinforcing end 84, which is used to limit and support the downward position of the lower needle seat 85. A limiting ring 83 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of each set of storage channels to limit the reinforcing end 84. The bottom of the reinforcing end 84 is fixedly connected to the second telescopic rod 82, and the other end of the second telescopic rod 82 is fixed to the end face of the lower gripper 80.

[0029] The storage channel is set with twenty sets of through holes running vertically along the circumference of the hopper seat 81, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the needle hole 91. The second telescopic rod 82 and the needle channel are set on the same axis. The cylinder of the second telescopic rod 82 is fixed on the mounting base of the lower gripper 80. Its piston rod end faces upward and is coaxially corresponding to the storage channel located directly below the processing station. The top of the piston rod of the second telescopic rod 82 is provided with an electromagnetic magnetic attraction connector, which is used to attract and connect with the bottom of the reinforced end 84. The electromagnetic magnetic attraction force is greater than the magnetic attraction force between the annular permanent magnet and the magnetic sheet. The servo motor rotates 18° each time, which is used to sequentially transfer the lower needle seat 85 in each set of storage channels to directly below the processing station.

[0030] Before the equipment is put into operation, each needle holder 85 is pre-assembled with the corresponding silk body 86 and reinforced end 84, and then sequentially inserted into the respective storage channels of the hopper seat 81. The limit ring 83 supports and holds the needle holder in the storage position. During processing, the servo motor drives the hopper seat 81 to perform intermittent indexing rotation, accurately transferring the needle holder 85 with the pre-installed silk body 86 to the bottom of the needle threading channel. Multiple sets of polished silk bodies 86 are pre-installed in the form of a multi-station rotary hopper. The indexing rotation realizes the rapid automatic switching of the silk body 86, eliminating the need for manual threading and significantly shortening the auxiliary downtime of the equipment, thus improving the continuous processing efficiency. The setting of the limit ring 83 ensures the consistency of the storage position of each needle holder 85 and ensures the accuracy of the second telescopic rod 82 docking each time. The reinforced end 84 effectively improves the clamping strength of the silk end, preventing the silk from falling off the needle holder during the grinding process and improving the reliability of operation.

[0031] It should be noted that the output end of the feeding cylinder 51 drives the guide block 52 to push the workpiece 90 to the arc-shaped clamping plate 45, causing the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 to rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 44. The workpiece 90 is clamped under the continuous pressure of the feeding cylinder 51 and the squeezing of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45. At this time, the upper needle seat 72, the needle hole 91 at the center of the workpiece 90, the needle channel and the second telescopic rod 82 are coaxial.

[0032] The upper gripper 70 includes a first telescopic rod 71. The cylinder of the first telescopic rod 71 is fixed to the mounting plate of the lifting mechanism 60. Its piston rod is set downward and fixedly mounted with an upper needle seat 72. A locking seat 74 is assembled on the outer side of the upper needle seat 72. The outer wall of the locking seat 74 is fixedly connected to the output end of the locking cylinder 73. An annular permanent magnet is embedded in the bottom of the upper needle seat 72. A positioning cone is integrally formed at the bottom center of the upper needle seat 72. A magnet piece matching the annular permanent magnet is embedded in the top of each set of lower needle seats 85. A conical hole matching the positioning cone is opened at the top center of each set of lower needle seats 85. A horizontally arranged slide is opened at the bottom of the upper gripper 70. The locking seat 74 is a semi-conical sleeve. A locking ring matching the lower needle seat 85 is integrally formed at the bottom end of the locking seat 74. A slide seat that is slidably assembled inside the slide is integrally formed at the top of the locking seat 74.

[0033] When the servo motor drives the hopper seat 81 to rotate to the processing station, the lifting mechanism 60 drives the upper gripper 70 to move down to the polishing station. Then, the locking cylinder 73 retracts, driving the locking seat 74 to move and disengage from the upper needle seat 72. Then, the first telescopic rod 71 extends outward, driving the upper needle seat 72 to feed downward. After the upper needle seat 72 passes through the needle hole 91, the annular permanent magnet at its lower end precisely engages with the magnet at the upper end of the lower needle seat 85, completing the coaxial docking of the upper needle seat 72 and the lower needle seat 85. Then, the first telescopic rod 71 drives the upper needle seat 72 to move upward, and the second telescopic rod 82 drives the lower needle seat 85 to move upward simultaneously, thus driving the lower needle seat 85 to engage with the polishing silk. The silk body 86 moves upward together through the needle hole 91. After the upper needle seat 72 moves to the processing station, the locking cylinder 73 moves the locking seat 74. Then the locking seat 74 engages with the bottom of the upper needle seat 72, limiting and clamping the upper needle seat 72, and completing the fixed connection between the upper needle seat 72 and the lower needle seat 85. Subsequently, the first telescopic rod 71 and the second telescopic rod 82 extend and retract synchronously and alternately, which can drive the silk body 86 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the needle hole 91. At the same time, the driver 20 drives the reducer 30 to work, which in turn drives the workpiece body 90 on the worktable 40 to rotate at a uniform speed, realizing the all-round pulling and polishing of the inner wall of the needle hole 91 on the workpiece body 90.

[0034] After the workpiece 90 is processed, the locking cylinder 73 unlocks, causing the locking seat 74 to release the lock on the lower needle seat 85. Then, the first telescopic rod 71 extends outward while the second telescopic rod 82 retracts inward, causing the lower needle seat 85 to move down through the needle hole 91 and then retract into the storage channel. Then, the second telescopic rod 82 remains stationary while the first telescopic rod 71 retracts inward, realizing the separation of the upper needle seat 72 and the lower needle seat 85. Subsequently, the first telescopic rod 71 drives the upper needle seat 72 to reset. Then, the unloading cylinder 53 extends outward, driving the push plate 5... 4. Pushing the workpiece body 90, simultaneously, the feeding cylinder 51 retracts, releasing the clamping of the workpiece body 90. The workpiece body 90 is pushed to the unloading groove 43 under the pushing action of the push plate 54, completing the unloading operation. Then, the servo motor drives the hopper seat 81 to perform intermittent indexing rotation, accurately transferring the needle seat 85 with the pre-loaded silk body 86 to the bottom of the needle channel, which can then drive the next silk body 86 to align with the storage channel. The cycle of feeding, clamping, polishing and unloading of the workpiece body 90 is repeated.

[0035] This embodiment discloses an automatic light-drawing method, which is implemented using an automatic light-drawing machine. The steps of the light-drawing method are as follows: S1. Insert the pre-installed silk body 86 and the needle seat 85 of the reinforced end 84 into the storage channels of the hopper seat 81 in sequence. Stack the workpiece body 90 to be processed into the material cylinder 55. Turn on the power supply and air supply of the equipment. Set the rotation speed of the worktable 40, the grinding stroke, the grinding frequency and the processing time process parameters. S2. The feeding cylinder 51 extends and drives the guide block 52 to push the workpiece 90 along the feeding track 41 toward the center of the worktable. The workpiece 90 pushes the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 47 and rotate around the rotating shaft 44. Through the spiral linkage of the slider 49 and the arc-shaped slide 48, the rotating shaft 44 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 move down synchronously, so that the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 forms radial centering clamping on the workpiece 90 and the pressure plate 46 forms axial clamping on the workpiece 90, so that the needle hole 91 of the workpiece 90 and the needle channel at the center of the worktable 40 remain coaxial. S3. The servo motor drives the hopper seat 81 to rotate at the index, transferring a set of lower needle seats 85 to the bottom of the needle channel and aligning them coaxially with the second telescopic rod 82. The lifting mechanism 60 drives the upper gripper 70 to descend to the processing position. The locking cylinder 73 retracts, causing the locking seat 74 to move laterally to avoid the downward path of the needle body. The first telescopic rod 71 extends, causing the upper needle seat 72 to pass downward through the needle hole 91. The positioning cone and the conical positioning hole cooperate to complete the coaxial alignment. Then, the upper needle seat 72 and the lower needle seat 85 are rigidly connected through magnetic attraction. The electromagnetic magnetic attraction connector at the top of the second telescopic rod 82 is energized to attract and reinforce the end 84, and moves upward synchronously with the first telescopic rod 71, causing the silk body 86 to completely pass through the needle hole 91. S4. After the upper needle seat 72 and the lower needle seat 85 reach the preset processing position, the locking cylinder 73 extends and drives the locking seat 74 to engage with the bottom step surface of the lower needle seat 85, thereby locking the needle body axially. The first telescopic rod 71 and the second telescopic rod 82 extend and retract synchronously at a preset frequency, driving the silk body 86 to reciprocate along the needle hole 91 axially. At the same time, the driver 20 drives the worktable 40 and the workpiece 90 to rotate at a constant speed through belt drive, bevel gear drive and gear ring meshing drive, so that the silk body 86 performs all-round polishing processing on the inner wall of the needle hole 91. S5. After a single workpiece is processed, the driver 20 stops running, the worktable 40 stops at the initial angle, the locking cylinder 73 retracts to release the lock, the first telescopic rod 71 extends and the second telescopic rod 82 retracts simultaneously, driving the lower needle seat 85 downward through the needle hole 91 and back into the storage channel. The second telescopic rod 82 is de-energized to release the magnetic attraction, the first telescopic rod 71 continues to retract, driving the upper needle seat 72 to separate from the lower needle seat 85 and reset to the initial high position. The lifting mechanism 60 drives the upper gripper 70 to move upward as a whole to avoid the material discharge path. S6. The unloading cylinder 53 extends and drives the push plate 54 to slide towards the center along the unloading track 42, pushing the processed workpiece 90 out of the arc-shaped clamping plate 45. The workpiece 90 slides down the unloading groove 43 to the finished product collection area. After the workpiece is pushed out, the torsion spring 47 releases its elastic force to drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 45 and the rotating shaft 44 to rotate and reset. The loading cylinder 51 retracts and resets synchronously. The next workpiece 90 in the material cylinder 55 falls into the front positioning area of ​​the guide block 52. The above process is repeated to enter the next processing cycle.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic varnishing machine, comprising a frame (10), characterized in that: A driver (20) is fixedly installed on the frame (10). The output end of the driver (20) is connected to a reducer (30). The output end of the reducer (30) drives the worktable (40) and the feeding mechanism (50) to rotate synchronously. The feeding mechanism (50) is installed on the worktable (40). A lifting mechanism (60) is fixed on the rear side of the top of the frame (10). An upper gripper (70) is installed on the output end of the lifting mechanism (60). A lower gripper (80) matching the upper gripper (70) is fixed inside the reducer (30). A workpiece body (90) is clamped and assembled on the worktable (40). The upper gripper (70) includes a first telescopic rod (71), and an upper needle seat (72) is fixedly installed at the output end of the first telescopic rod (71). A locking seat (74) is assembled on the outer side of the upper needle seat (72), and the outer side wall of the locking seat (74) is fixedly connected to the output end of the locking cylinder (73). The lower gripper (80) includes a servo motor, and a hopper seat (81) is fixedly installed at the output end of the servo motor. The end face of the hopper seat (81) is evenly provided with storage channels along the circumferential direction. A lower needle seat (85) is assembled at the top of each set of storage channels. The bottom of the lower needle seat (85) is fixedly clamped with a silk body (86), and a reinforcing end (84) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the silk body (86). A limiting ring (83) is fixedly fixed at the bottom of each set of storage channels to limit the reinforcing end (84). The bottom of the reinforcing end (84) is fixedly connected to the second telescopic rod (82), and the other end of the second telescopic rod (82) is fixed on the end face of the lower gripper (80). The workbench (40) has an inner recessed hole, and a rotating shaft (44) is rotatably mounted inside the inner recessed hole. An arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft (44). A torsion spring (47) sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (44) is fixedly connected between the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) and the top of the workbench (40). An arc-shaped sliding groove (48) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (44), and a slider (49) is fixedly mounted inside the arc-shaped sliding groove (48).

2. The automatic calendering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (40) has a needle-threading channel at its center, a feeding rail (41) in front of the needle-threading channel, a feeding rail (42) to the left of the needle-threading channel, and a material return groove (43) to the right of the needle-threading channel. The arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is installed to the left rear of the needle-threading channel, and the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) and the needle-threading channel are eccentrically arranged. The workpiece (90) is clamped and installed inside the arc-shaped clamping plate (45).

3. The automatic calendering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (50) includes a feeding cylinder (51) installed inside the feeding track (41), and a guide block (52) that is slidably assembled inside the feeding track (41) is fixed at the output end of the feeding cylinder (51). A discharging cylinder (53) is fixed inside the discharging track (42), and a push plate (54) that is slidably assembled inside the discharging track (42) is fixed at the output end of the discharging cylinder (53). A material cylinder (55) is installed above the feeding track (41) by a bracket. The output end of the feeding cylinder (51) drives the guide block (52) to push the workpiece (90) to the arc clamping plate (45), causing the arc clamping plate (45) to rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft (44). The workpiece (90) is clamped under the continuous pressure of the feeding cylinder (51) and the squeezing of the arc clamping plate (45). At this time, the needle seat (72), the needle hole (91) at the center of the workpiece (90), the needle channel and the second telescopic rod (82) are coaxial.

4. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is clamped to the workpiece (90), the center of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is collinear with the axis of the needle channel, and the left end of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is flush with the rear side wall of the unloading track (42), so as not to interfere with the sliding of the push plate (54) in the unloading track (42). When the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) is not clamped, the right end of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) corresponds to the loading track (41), so as to ensure that when the workpiece (90) is loaded, it contacts the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) and pushes the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring (47) and rotate around the rotating shaft (44).

5. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure plate (46) is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45). When the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) rotates with the rotating shaft (44), the position of the slider (49) in the arc-shaped groove (48) changes synchronously, driving the rotating shaft (44) and the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) to move synchronously into the inward shrinkage hole. The pressure plate (46) positions and pressurizes the top of the workpiece (90).

6. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The storage channel is set with twenty sets of through holes running vertically along the circumference of the hopper seat (81), and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the needle hole (91). The second telescopic rod (82) and the needle channel are set on the same axis, and the rotation angle of the servo motor is 18° each time.

7. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper needle seat (72) is embedded with an annular permanent magnet, and a positioning cone is integrally formed at the center of the bottom of the upper needle seat (72). The top of each set of lower needle seats (85) is embedded with a magnet piece that matches the annular permanent magnet, and a conical hole that matches the positioning cone is opened at the center of the top of each set of lower needle seats (85).

8. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper gripper (70) is provided with a horizontally arranged slide rail, the locking seat (74) is a semi-conical sleeve, and the bottom end of the locking seat (74) is integrally formed with a locking ring that matches the lower needle seat (85), and the top of the locking seat (74) is integrally formed with a slide seat that is slidably assembled inside the slide rail.

9. The automatic varnishing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driver (20) includes a drive motor (21), and the output end of the drive motor (21) drives the reducer (30) to work through a synchronous pulley and a belt (22). The reducer (30) is composed of a main bevel gear (31), a secondary bevel gear (32) and a drive wheel (33). The secondary bevel gear (32) and the drive wheel (33) are coaxially arranged through a drive shaft. The bottom of the worktable (40) is fixed with an inner support frame (35). An outer fixed frame (36) is sleeved on the outside of the inner support frame (35). The inner support frame (35) and the outer fixed frame (36) are equipped with tapered roller bearings (37). The outer wall of the worktable (40) is fixedly installed with a gear ring (34) that meshes with the drive wheel (33) through a spline.

10. An automatic light-drawing method, implemented using the automatic light-drawing machine as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of the light-pulling method are as follows: S1. Insert the pre-installed silk body (86) and the lower needle seat (85) of the reinforced end (84) into the storage channels of the hopper seat (81) in sequence. Stack the workpiece body (90) to be processed into the material cylinder (55). Turn on the power supply and air supply of the equipment. Set the rotation speed of the worktable (40), the grinding stroke, the grinding frequency and the processing time process parameters. S2. The feeding cylinder (51) extends and drives the guide block (52) to push the workpiece (90) towards the center of the worktable along the feeding track (41). The workpiece (90) pushes the arc clamping plate (45) to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring (47) and rotate around the rotating shaft (44). Through the spiral linkage of the slider (49) and the arc groove (48), the rotating shaft (44) and the arc clamping plate (45) move down synchronously, so that the arc clamping plate (45) forms radial centering clamping on the workpiece (90) and the pressure plate (46) forms axial pressing on the workpiece (90), so that the needle hole (91) of the workpiece (90) and the needle channel at the center of the worktable (40) remain coaxial. S3. The servo motor drives the hopper seat (81) to rotate in an indexing manner, and transfers a set of lower needle seats (85) to the bottom of the needle channel and aligns them coaxially with the second telescopic rod (82). The lifting mechanism (60) drives the upper jaw (70) to move down to the processing position. The locking cylinder (73) retracts and drives the locking seat (74) to move laterally to avoid the downward path of the needle body. The first telescopic rod (71) extends and drives the upper needle seat (72) to pass down through the needle hole (91). The positioning cone and the conical positioning hole cooperate to complete the coaxial alignment. Then, the upper needle seat (72) and the lower needle seat (85) are rigidly connected by magnetic attraction. The electromagnetic magnetic attraction connector at the top of the second telescopic rod (82) is energized to attract and reinforce the end (84), and moves upward synchronously with the first telescopic rod (71), driving the silk body (86) to completely pass through the needle hole (91). S4. After the upper needle seat (72) and the lower needle seat (85) reach the preset processing position, the locking cylinder (73) extends and drives the locking seat (74) to engage with the bottom step surface of the lower needle seat (85) to achieve axial locking of the needle body. The first telescopic rod (71) and the second telescopic rod (82) extend and retract synchronously at the preset frequency, driving the silk body (86) to reciprocate along the needle hole (91) axially. At the same time, the driver (20) drives the worktable (40) and the workpiece (90) to rotate at a constant speed through belt drive, bevel gear drive and gear ring meshing drive, so that the silk body (86) performs all-round polishing on the inner wall of the needle hole (91). S5. After the single workpiece is processed, the driver (20) stops running, the worktable (40) stops at the initial angle, the locking cylinder (73) retracts to release the lock, the first telescopic rod (71) extends and the second telescopic rod (82) retracts synchronously, driving the lower needle seat (85) to pass through the needle hole (91) and fall back into the storage channel. The second telescopic rod (82) is de-energized to release the magnetic attraction, the first telescopic rod (71) continues to retract, driving the upper needle seat (72) and the lower needle seat (85) to separate and reset to the initial high position. The lifting mechanism (60) drives the upper gripper (70) to move upward as a whole to avoid the material discharge path. S6. The unloading cylinder (53) extends and drives the push plate (54) to slide towards the center along the unloading track (42), pushing the processed workpiece (90) out of the arc-shaped clamping plate (45). The workpiece (90) slides down to the finished product collection area through the unloading groove (43). After the workpiece is pushed out, the torsion spring (47) releases its elastic force to drive the arc-shaped clamping plate (45) and the rotating shaft (44) to rotate and reset. The loading cylinder (51) retracts and resets synchronously. The next workpiece (90) in the material cylinder (55) falls into the front positioning area of ​​the guide block (52). The above process is repeated to enter the next processing cycle.

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