A grey cast iron piece polishing device with adaptive constant force floating mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of gray cast iron piece polishing, and discloses a gray cast iron piece polishing device with a self-adaptive constant force floating mechanism, which comprises a workbench, a controller is fixedly installed on the right side of the workbench, a moving clamping mechanism is arranged at the top center of the workbench, and a polishing mechanism is arranged at the top rear side of the workbench. The polishing mechanism comprises a base fixedly connected with the workbench, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the base, an installation piece is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, and a polisher body is fixedly installed on the other end of the installation piece. In the present application, the installation piece and the polisher body are lowered to contact and polish the surface of the gray cast iron piece. The polishing contact pressure is detected in real time by a pressure sensor, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the controller in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the extension stroke and output pressure of the cylinder according to the feedback pressure, so as to realize the constant force floating polishing effect and make the polishing grinding wheel always adhere to the surface of the workpiece with constant pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gray cast iron grinding technology, specifically to a gray cast iron grinding equipment with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] After gray cast iron parts are cast, the surface of the workpiece generally has casting defects such as residual gating gates, flash, and unevenness. It is necessary to repair the shape through the grinding process. At present, automated grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts is divided into two categories: rigid grinding structure and ordinary passive floating grinding structure.

[0003] Rigid grinding mechanisms rely on preset strokes to drive the grinding wheel feed and lack adaptive adjustment capabilities. Due to the unevenness of the surface contour of gray cast iron blanks, the contact pressure between the grinding wheel and the workpiece fluctuates continuously. Areas with higher pressure are prone to over-grinding and edge chipping, while areas with insufficient pressure result in incomplete grinding and poor surface finish of the workpiece. At the same time, the grinding wheel is subjected to impact loads, leading to rapid material consumption.

[0004] Most of the few grinding devices on the market equipped with floating functions use springs to form a passive floating structure. Passive floating can only rely on spring deformation to achieve simple avoidance. The output grinding force will continuously change with the floating stroke, making it impossible to maintain stable grinding pressure. It is difficult to adapt to gray cast iron blanks with large surface undulations. Some simple floating devices that use cylinders lack real-time pressure feedback. The cylinder extension stroke is fixed and cannot dynamically adjust the position according to the real-time contact load, so it is also impossible to achieve constant force grinding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism, which solves the problems of traditional gray cast iron grinding equipment having rigid feed without adaptive capability and ordinary spring-type passive floating being unable to stably maintain grinding pressure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a grinding device for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism, comprising: a worktable, a controller fixedly installed on the right side of the worktable, a movable clamping mechanism provided at the top center of the worktable, a grinding mechanism provided on the top rear side of the worktable, the grinding mechanism including a base fixedly connected to the worktable, a cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the base, an installation component fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, a grinding machine body fixedly installed at the other end of the installation component, and a pressure sensor installed at the connection between the grinding machine body and the installation component; The top of the base is fixedly connected to a pair of left and right arranged guide rails, and guide blocks are slidably connected to the outer sides of the two guide rails. The inner sides of the two guide blocks are fixedly connected to the corresponding sides of the mounting components.

[0007] Preferably, the movable clamping mechanism includes an XY movable platform fixedly installed on the top of the workbench. The movable end of the XY movable platform is fixedly connected to a connecting frame. The left and right sides of the connecting frame are rotatably connected to a bidirectional threaded rod. A motor is fixedly installed on the left side of the connecting frame. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod. A pair of movable blocks arranged left and right are threadedly connected to the outer side of the bidirectional threaded rod. A pair of clamping rods are fixedly connected to the outer side of the pair of movable blocks. The clamping rod consists of a pair of horizontal bars and a vertical bar connecting the two horizontal bars. The lower horizontal bar passes through the surface of the connecting frame and is slidably connected to the surface wall of the connecting frame. An abutment box is fixedly connected to the inner end of the upper horizontal bar on the same side. A variable-distance clamping assembly is provided inside the abutment box.

[0008] Preferably, a laser sensor is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the grinding machine body, and the sensing end of the laser sensor is aligned with the grinding wheel of the grinding machine body.

[0009] Preferably, the variable-pitch clamping assembly includes slide rails fixedly connected to the left and right sides inside the abutment box, toothed plates slidably connected to the opposite sides of the two slide rails, the toothed plates are centrally symmetrical and the outer ends are fixedly connected to inclined plates; gears mesh together on the inner sides of the two toothed plates, and a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the top of the gear, the rotating rod extends upward through the inner wall of the abutment box and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the abutment box.

[0010] Preferably, an adjustment mechanism is provided on the outer side of the rotating rod. The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating cap disposed on the outer side of the rotating rod, a retaining tooth fixedly connected to one side of the rotating cap, a connecting spring fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cap, and the bottom of the connecting spring fixedly connected to a receiving box. A fixing ring coaxially arranged with the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the top of the receiving box, and a set of circumferentially arranged slots is formed on the top of the fixing ring. Preferably, sliding grooves are formed on the left and right sides of the rotating rod, and a slider is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The outer side of the slider is fixedly connected to the rotating cap.

[0011] Preferably, a collection mechanism is provided on the rear side of the workbench. The collection mechanism includes a collection box fixedly connected to the rear side of the workbench, an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the rear side of the collection box, and a fan fixedly installed inside the exhaust pipe. A filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection box, and a pair of left-right folded tubes are fixedly connected to the top of the collection box. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the folded tubes, and the other ends of the two connecting tubes are fixedly connected to a suction hood. The suction hood is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell of the grinding machine body.

[0012] Preferably, the filter screen is arranged at an angle inside the collection box.

[0013] Preferably, a partition block is fixedly connected inside the collection box, and the top of the partition block is provided with a gap that slopes towards the center; the partition block divides the collection box into upper and lower parts, and a movable drawer is provided inside the collection box.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the partition block is provided with a sealing component, the sealing component includes a pair of hinge blocks fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition block, the inner sides of the pair of hinge blocks are hinged together with a flip plate, the top of the flip plate is provided with a sealing layer, the flip plate is sealed and attached to the bottom surface of the partition block, the bottom of the flip plate is fixedly connected with a support spring, and the other side of the support spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box.

[0015] This invention provides a grinding device for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention drives the output end of the cylinder to move downwards, thereby causing the mounting component and the grinding machine body to move downwards and contact the surface of the gray cast iron part for grinding. As the mounting component moves, it drives the guide block to slide along the guide rail surface, guiding and limiting the vertical floating motion of the grinding machine body. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor detects the grinding contact pressure in real time and transmits the pressure signal to the controller. The controller dynamically adjusts the cylinder's extension and retraction stroke and output pressure based on the feedback pressure, achieving a constant-force floating grinding effect, ensuring that the grinding wheel always maintains a constant pressure against the workpiece surface. 2. This invention starts the motor through the controller. The motor's output shaft drives the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate. The rotating bidirectional threaded rod drives the two moving blocks, clamping rods, and abutment boxes to move towards each other, achieving synchronous feeding of the clamping structures on both sides to clamp the gray cast iron part. This ensures uniform force during workpiece clamping and avoids unilateral offset or tilting, achieving a stable clamping effect for the gray cast iron part.

[0016] 3. This invention uses a flip plate that fits tightly against the bottom of the partition block to maintain a sealed connection, preventing airflow short circuits and avoiding the fan from directly drawing air from the lower drawer. When the fan stops, the iron filings in the upper settling chamber accumulate to a certain weight, and the weight of the iron filings overcomes the supporting spring, pressing down on the flip plate. This causes the flip plate to flip down around the hinge block and open, allowing the accumulated iron filings to automatically fall into the lower drawer. After unloading, the supporting spring returns to its original position, pushing the flip plate back to fit against the bottom of the sealing partition block, restoring the seal and achieving the effect of intermittent automatic unloading of iron filings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the movable clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the cross-section of the collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the collection mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Workbench; 101. Controller; 2. Moving clamping mechanism; 201. XY moving platform; 202. Connecting frame; 203. Bidirectional threaded rod; 204. Moving block; 205. Clamping rod; 206. Motor; 207. Abutment box; 208. Rotating rod; 209. Gear; 210. Tooth plate; 211. Inclined plate; 3. Adjusting mechanism; 301. Rotating cap; 302. Fixing ring; 303. Slot; 304. Slot; 305. Connecting spring; 306. Slide groove; 307. Slider; 4. Grinding mechanism; 401. Base; 402. Cylinder; 403. Mounting component; 404. Grinding machine body; 405. Pressure sensor; 406. Laser sensor; 407. Guide rail; 408. Guide block; 5. Collection mechanism; 501. Collection box; 502. Air duct; 503. Fan; 504. Filter screen; 505. Folded tube; 506. Connecting tube; 507. Suction hood; 508. Divider block; 509. Drawer; 510. Hinge block; 511. Flip plate; 512. Support spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2This invention provides a grinding device for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism, including a worktable 1. A controller 101 is fixedly installed on the right side of the worktable 1. A movable clamping mechanism 2 is provided at the top center of the worktable 1. A grinding mechanism 4 is provided on the top rear side of the worktable 1. The grinding mechanism 4 includes a base 401 fixedly connected to the worktable 1. A cylinder 402 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 401. An installation component 403 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 402. A grinding machine body 404 is fixedly installed on the other end of the installation component 403. A pressure sensor 405 is installed at the connection between the grinding machine body 404 and the installation component 403. A pair of left and right arranged guide rails 407 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 401. Guide blocks 408 are slidably connected to the outer sides of the two guide rails 407. The inner sides of the two guide blocks 408 are fixedly connected to the corresponding sides of the installation component 403. The controller 101 is electrically connected to all electrical components in the device.

[0021] In use, the movable clamping mechanism 2 clamps and fixes the gray cast iron part to be ground, and can also move the gray cast iron part. After clamping and positioning, the controller 101 initiates the grinding action. The controller 101 drives the output end of the cylinder 402 to move downward, thereby causing the mounting part 403 and the grinding machine body 404 to move downward and contact the surface of the gray cast iron part for grinding. When the mounting part 403 moves, it drives the guide block 408 to slide along the surface of the guide rail 407, guiding and limiting the vertical floating movement of the grinding machine body 404, ensuring the stability of the grinding movement process and avoiding [faults / problems]. In the event of left-right swaying, the pressure sensor 405 simultaneously detects the grinding contact pressure in real time and transmits the pressure signal to the controller 101. The controller 101 dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction stroke and output pressure of the cylinder 402 based on the feedback pressure to achieve a constant force floating grinding effect. This ensures that the grinding wheel always adheres to the workpiece surface with a constant pressure, avoiding excessive pressure that could cause over-grinding, chipping, or damage, or insufficient pressure that could lead to incomplete grinding or uneven grinding patterns. This method is suitable for the uneven surface of gray cast iron blanks, improving grinding accuracy and consistency.

[0022] Reference Appendix Figure 2 A laser sensor 406 is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the grinding machine body 404. The sensing end of the laser sensor 406 is aligned with the grinding wheel of the grinding machine body 404. During the grinding process, the laser sensor 406 detects the outer diameter and wear degree of the grinding wheel in real time, collects the grinding wheel wear data in real time and transmits it to the controller 101. When the wear of the grinding wheel reaches the preset threshold, the controller 101 triggers an early warning prompt, reminding the staff to replace or repair the grinding wheel in time to avoid insufficient grinding stroke and reduced grinding accuracy due to excessive wear of the grinding wheel.

[0023] Reference Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4The movable clamping mechanism 2 includes an XY movable platform 201 fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 1. A connecting frame 202 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the XY movable platform 201. A bidirectional threaded rod 203 is rotatably connected to the left and right sides inside the connecting frame 202. A motor 206 is fixedly installed on the left side of the connecting frame 202. The output end of the motor 206 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 203. A pair of movable blocks 204 arranged on the left and right are threadedly connected to the outer side of the bidirectional threaded rod 203. A pair of clamping rods 205 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the pair of movable blocks 204. The clamping rod 205 consists of a pair of horizontal bars and a vertical bar connecting the two horizontal bars. The lower horizontal bar passes through the surface of the connecting frame 202 and is slidably connected to the surface wall of the connecting frame 202. An abutment box 207 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the upper horizontal bar on the same side. A variable distance clamping assembly is provided inside the abutment box 207.

[0024] In use, the controller 101 starts the motor 206, and the output shaft of the motor 206 drives the bidirectional threaded rod 203 to rotate. The rotating bidirectional threaded rod 203 drives the two moving blocks 204, the clamping rod 205 and the abutment box 207 to move towards each other, so as to realize the synchronous feeding of the clamping structure on both sides to clamp the gray cast iron parts, ensuring that the workpiece is subjected to uniform force during the clamping process. At the same time, in conjunction with the XY moving platform 201, it can drive the overall clamping structure and the clamped and fixed workpiece to perform planar displacement, realize multi-position and full-coverage grinding of the workpiece, eliminate the need for repeated manual adjustment of the workpiece position, improve the continuity of grinding operation and processing efficiency. The clamping rod 205 adopts a frame structure, which has strong structural stability and can resist the vibration generated during the grinding process, reducing the possibility of workpiece loosening.

[0025] Reference Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The variable-pitch clamping assembly includes slide rails fixedly connected to the left and right sides inside the abutment box 207. Toothed plates 210 are slidably connected to the opposite sides of the two slide rails. The toothed plates 210 are centrally symmetrical and inclined plates 211 are fixedly connected to their outer ends. Gears 209 mesh together on the inner sides of the two toothed plates 210. A rotating rod 208 is fixedly connected to the top of the gear 209. The rotating rod 208 extends upward through the inner wall of the abutment box 207 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the abutment box 207.

[0026] Since the sides of gray cast iron parts are not necessarily flat, it is difficult to stably clamp the gray cast iron parts using horizontal clamps. In this case, the inclined plates 211 on both sides can be used to abut against the corners of the gray cast iron parts to achieve a stable clamping. During clamping, by rotating the rotating rod 208, the rotating rod 208 drives the gear 209 to rotate in the same direction. Then, through the transmission between the gear 209 and the toothed plates 210 on both sides, the inclined plates 211 on both sides can move towards or away from each other. In use, the inclined plates 211 on both sides are abutted against the corners of the gray cast iron parts in the above manner to achieve a stable clamping of the gray cast iron parts. At the same time, compared with straight-face flat-push clamping, the inclined abutment can form a horizontal clamping force and a vertical pressing force, which can not only limit the horizontal movement of the workpiece, but also press the workpiece tightly against the worktable 1 surface, suppressing the workpiece bouncing and slipping caused by grinding vibration.

[0027] Reference Appendix Figure 5 An adjustment mechanism 3 is provided on the outside of the rotating rod 208. The adjustment mechanism 3 includes a rotating cap 301 provided on the outside of the rotating rod 208. A retaining tooth 304 is fixedly connected to the left side of the rotating cap 301. A connecting spring 305 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cap 301. The bottom of the connecting spring 305 is fixedly connected to the abutment box 207. A fixing ring 302 coaxially arranged with the rotating rod 208 is fixedly connected to the top of the abutment box 207. A set of circumferentially arranged slots 303 are opened on the top of the fixing ring 302.

[0028] Reference Appendix Figure 5 The left and right sides of the rotating rod 208 are respectively provided with sliding grooves 306, and the sliding block 307 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 306. The outer side of the sliding block 307 is fixedly connected to the rotating cap 301.

[0029] The rotating cap 301 is slidably connected to the slide groove 306 via the slider 307, so that the rotating cap 301 can only slide vertically along the rotating rod 208 in the locked state, avoiding misalignment failure during the adjustment and locking process, and improving the structural adjustment accuracy and locking stability. In use, the operator pulls the rotating cap 301 upwards, causing the slider 307 to slide upwards along the groove 306. At the same time, the connecting spring 305 is stretched and deformed, causing the locking teeth 304 on the outside of the rotating cap 301 to disengage from the slot 303 at the top of the fixing ring 302, thus releasing the locking limit on the rotating rod 208. Then, the rotating cap 301 is rotated, causing the rotating rod 208 and the gear 209 to rotate, completing the fine-tuning clamping operation of the inclined plate 211. After the clamping position is adjusted, the rotating cap 301 is released, and the connecting spring 305 pulls the rotating cap 301 vertically back to its original position by its own elasticity, causing the locking teeth 304 to engage in the corresponding slot 303, locking the angular position of the rotating cap 301 and the rotating rod 208. This achieves the effect of precise fine-tuning and quick locking of the rotating rod 208. After locking, the reverse sliding of the gear 209 can be completely restricted, preventing the problem of loosening of the clamping structure and workpiece displacement caused by grinding vibration, and ensuring the stability of the workpiece clamping for a long time.

[0030] Because the grinding process of gray cast iron parts generates a large amount of iron filings and fine dust, the dust and iron filings are easily scattered everywhere. They can easily accumulate in the gaps of the equipment, causing the mechanism to jam, wear to increase, and grinding accuracy to deteriorate. They can also pollute the working environment and pose a safety hazard of flying debris that can cause injury. Therefore, a collection mechanism 5 is proposed.

[0031] Reference Appendix Figure 6 To be continued Figure 8 A collection mechanism 5 is provided on the rear side of the workbench 1. The collection mechanism 5 includes a collection box 501 fixedly connected to the rear side of the workbench 1. An air duct 502 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the collection box 501. A fan 503 is fixedly installed inside the air duct 502. A filter screen 504 is fixedly connected inside the collection box 501. A pair of left and right folded pipes 505 are fixedly connected to the top of the collection box 501. A connecting pipe 506 is fixedly connected to the top of the folded pipes 505. The other ends of the two connecting pipes 506 are fixedly connected to a suction hood 507. The suction hood 507 is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell of the grinding machine body 404.

[0032] During the grinding operation, the controller 101 synchronously starts the fan 503. The fan 503 draws air from the inside of the collection box 501 through the air duct 502. Then, the collection box 501, under negative pressure, draws air and iron filings from the grinding area through the folded pipe 505, the connecting pipe 506, and the suction hood 507. The iron filings and dust at the grinding area are drawn into the suction hood 507 under negative pressure, and then enter the collection box 501 through the connecting pipe 506 and the folded pipe 505 in sequence. They are intercepted by the filter screen 504, and the clean air is discharged through the air duct 502, realizing the gas-solid separation of iron filings and dust. At the same time, the folded pipe 505 can adaptively extend and retract with the vertical floating action of the grinding machine body 404, ensuring the air duct connection and sealing throughout the process, and ensuring continuous and stable dust removal during dynamic grinding.

[0033] Reference Appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 Preferably, the filter screen 504 is arranged at an angle in the collection box 501. The angled arrangement of the filter screen 504 can increase the filtration contact area, improve the dust and iron filings interception efficiency, and at the same time avoid the accumulation of debris in local positions of the filter screen, which can cause rapid clogging and slow down the clogging speed of the filter screen.

[0034] Reference Appendix Figure 7 The collection box 501 is fixedly connected to a partition block 508. The top of the partition block 508 is provided with a gap that slopes towards the center. The partition block 508 divides the collection box 501 into upper and lower parts, and the collection box 501 is provided with a movable drawer 509 inside.

[0035] The separator 508 divides the collection box 501 into an upper settling and filtration chamber and a lower storage chamber, enabling the stratified collection of iron filings and dust. Large iron filings can initially settle in the settling chamber, reducing the filtration load on the filter screen 504. The drawer 509 can centrally store the fallen iron filings and debris. Later, the drawer 509 can be directly pulled out to clean the debris without disassembling the entire device, making cleaning convenient and reducing the difficulty of equipment maintenance.

[0036] Reference Appendix Figure 8 Furthermore, a sealing assembly is provided at the bottom of the partition block 508. The sealing assembly includes a pair of hinge blocks 510 fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition block 508. A flip plate 511 is hinged together on the inner side of the pair of hinge blocks 510. A sealing layer is provided on the top of the flip plate 511. The flip plate 511 is sealed and adhered to the bottom surface of the partition block 508. A support spring 512 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the flip plate 511. The other side of the support spring 512 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box 501.

[0037] During normal grinding and dust extraction, the upper cavity of the collection box 501 is under negative pressure. Under the combined action of the negative pressure suction and the support spring 512, the flip plate 511 tightly adheres to the bottom of the partition block 508, maintaining a sealed connection and preventing airflow short-circuiting. This prevents the fan 503 from directly drawing air from the lower drawer 509, ensuring stable negative pressure suction at the suction hood 507 and guaranteeing effective dust collection in the grinding area. When the fan 503 stops, the iron filings accumulate to a certain weight inside the upper settling chamber, and the weight of the iron filings overcomes the supporting force of the support spring 512. Pressing down on the flip plate 511 causes it to flip down around the hinge block 510 and open, allowing the accumulated iron filings to automatically fall into the lower drawer 509. After unloading, the support spring 512 returns to its original position, pushing the flip plate 511 back to adhere to the bottom of the sealing partition block 508, restoring the seal. The sealing component adopts a purely mechanical structure that enables intermittent automatic unloading of iron filings without the need for electrical control or manual intervention. The structure is suitable for harsh dust conditions, has a low failure rate, and can automatically collect debris while the equipment is operating continuously, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the dust collection system.

[0038] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment of the invention also provides a working principle of a gray cast iron grinding equipment with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism, including the following: After the equipment is started, the controller 101 executes the grinding operation process. The controller 101 outputs a control signal to drive the cylinder 402 to extend. The output end of the cylinder 402 pushes the mounting part 403 to move downward, synchronously driving the grinding machine body 404 to move vertically downward until the grinding wheel at the lower end of the grinding machine body 404 contacts the surface of the gray cast iron part fixed by the moving clamping mechanism 2 above the worktable 1. During the up and down movement of the mounting part 403, the guide blocks 408 on both sides follow the mounting part 403 and slide vertically along the guide rail 407, constraining the mounting part 403 to move only in the vertical direction, limiting the horizontal offset, eliminating the radial shaking of the grinding machine body 404 during operation, and ensuring the stability of the contact surface between the grinding wheel and the gray cast iron part. A pressure sensor 405 is installed between the force transmission path of the grinding machine body 404 and the mounting part 403. After the iron part comes into contact, the grinding force is directly applied to the pressure sensor 405. The pressure sensor 405 continuously collects the real-time contact pressure value and converts the analog pressure signal into an electrical signal, which is continuously fed back to the controller 101. The controller 101 has a preset target grinding pressure threshold. When the sensor feedback pressure is higher than the set threshold, it means that the grinding clamping force is too large. The controller 101 controls the cylinder 402 to retract appropriately, raising the grinding machine body 404 and reducing the holding force of the grinding wheel. If the sensor feedback pressure is lower than the set threshold, it means that the contact pressure between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is insufficient. The controller 101 controls the cylinder 402 to continue to extend, pushing the grinding machine body 404 downward to increase the contact pressure. Throughout the entire grinding process, the controller 101 continuously receives pressure signals and controls the extension and retraction position of the cylinder 402 in a closed loop. It dynamically compensates for the pressure fluctuations caused by the workpiece plane error and the grinding wheel radius loss, so that the grinding wheel always maintains a constant pressure against the surface of the casting, realizing adaptive constant force floating grinding.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grinding device for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism, characterized in that, include: A workbench (1) is provided with a controller (101) fixedly installed on the right side of the workbench (1), a moving clamping mechanism (2) is provided at the top center of the workbench (1), and a grinding mechanism (4) is provided on the top rear side of the workbench (1). The grinding mechanism (4) includes a base (401) fixedly connected to the workbench (1), a cylinder (402) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (401), an installation part (403) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (402), and a grinding machine body (404) is fixedly installed on the other end of the installation part (403). A pressure sensor (405) is installed at the connection between the grinding machine body (404) and the installation part (403). The top of the base (401) is fixedly connected to a pair of left and right arranged guide rails (407), and the outer sides of the two guide rails (407) are slidably connected to guide blocks (408). The inner sides of the two guide blocks (408) are fixedly connected to the corresponding sides of the mounting component (403).

2. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable clamping mechanism (2) includes an XY movable platform (201) fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (1). A connecting frame (202) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the XY movable platform (201). A bidirectional threaded rod (203) is rotatably connected to the left and right sides inside the connecting frame (202). A motor (206) is fixedly installed on the left side of the connecting frame (202). The output end of the motor (206) is fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (203). 03) has a pair of movable blocks (204) arranged on the left and right sides connected to the outer thread. A pair of clamping rods (205) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the pair of movable blocks (204). The clamping rods (205) consist of a pair of horizontal bars and a vertical bar connecting the two horizontal bars. The lower horizontal bar passes through the surface of the connecting frame (202) and is slidably connected to the surface wall of the connecting frame (202). The inner end of the upper horizontal bar on the same side is fixedly connected to an abutment box (207). A variable distance clamping assembly is provided in the abutment box (207).

3. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A laser sensor (406) is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the grinding machine body (404), and the sensing end of the laser sensor (406) is aligned with the grinding wheel of the grinding machine body (404).

4. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The variable-pitch clamping assembly includes slide rails fixedly connected to the left and right sides inside the abutment box (207). The two slide rails are slidably connected to toothed plates (210) on opposite sides. The toothed plates (210) are centrally symmetrical and have inclined plates (211) fixedly connected to their outer ends. The two toothed plates (210) are meshed with gears (209) on their inner sides. The top of the gears (209) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (208). The rotating rod (208) extends upward through the inner wall of the abutment box (207) and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the abutment box (207).

5. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, An adjustment mechanism (3) is provided on the outside of the rotating rod (208). The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a rotating cap (301) provided on the outside of the rotating rod (208). A locking tooth (304) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating cap (301). A connecting spring (305) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cap (301). The bottom of the connecting spring (305) is fixedly connected to the abutment box (207). A fixing ring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the abutment box (207) and is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod (208). A set of circumferentially arranged slots (303) are opened on the top of the fixing ring (302).

6. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating rod (208) has grooves (306) on its left and right sides respectively. A slider (307) is slidably connected in the groove (306). The outside of the slider (307) is fixedly connected to the rotating cap (301).

7. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collection mechanism (5) is provided on the rear side of the workbench (1). The collection mechanism (5) includes a collection box (501) fixedly connected to the rear side of the workbench (1). An air duct (502) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the collection box (501). A fan (503) is fixedly installed inside the air duct (502). A filter screen (504) is fixedly connected inside the collection box (501). A pair of left-right folded tubes (505) are fixedly connected to the top of the collection box (501). A connecting tube (506) is fixedly connected to the top of the folded tubes (505). The other ends of the two connecting tubes (506) are fixedly connected to a suction hood (507). The suction hood (507) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the grinding machine body (404).

8. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter screen (504) is arranged at an angle inside the collection box (501).

9. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The collection box (501) is fixedly connected to a partition block (508), and the top of the partition block (508) is provided with a gap that slopes towards the center; the partition block (508) divides the collection box (501) into upper and lower parts, and the collection box (501) is provided with a movable drawer (509) inside.

10. The grinding equipment for gray cast iron parts with an adaptive constant force floating mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bottom of the partition block (508) is provided with a sealing component, which includes a pair of hinge blocks (510) fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition block (508). The inner sides of the pair of hinge blocks (510) are hinged together with a flip plate (511). The top of the flip plate (511) is provided with a sealing layer. The flip plate (511) is sealed and attached to the bottom surface of the partition block (508). The bottom of the flip plate (511) is fixedly connected with a support spring (512). The other side of the support spring (512) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box (501).

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