A spherical surface grinding mechanism and vertical numerical control spherical surface forming machining center

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of spherical grinding, in particular to a spherical grinding mechanism and a vertical numerical control spherical forming machining center, which comprises a mounting frame, a rotating sleeve is mounted on the mounting frame, limit sleeves are mounted at the two ends of the rotating sleeve, a sliding groove is formed in the limit sleeve, a mounting column is sleeved in the limit sleeve, a sliding block is mounted on the mounting column, a grinding block is mounted on the mounting column, a machining motor can drive the grinding block to rotate to grind a workpiece, a buffer is arranged in the rotating sleeve, the buffer can buffer the extrusion force generated when the grinding block and the workpiece center are aligned, a locking piece is arranged in the rotating sleeve, the locking piece can limit the mounting column, the buffer function of the buffer ensures the lossless centering before grinding, the mounting column is axially limited after the extrusion force between the grinding block and the workpiece reaches a preset value, the high system stiffness required during grinding is met, and the precision and surface quality of spherical grinding can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spherical grinding technology, specifically a spherical grinding mechanism and a vertical CNC spherical forming machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical grinding is a precision machining process that uses a high-speed rotating grinding tool (grinding wheel / grinding block) to cut a workpiece, ultimately creating a spherical or segmental curved surface on the workpiece surface. It is widely used in optical lenses, bearing raceways, valve sealing surfaces, mold cavities, artificial joints, and other fields. This process utilizes the relative motion between the high-speed rotating grinding tool (grinding wheel or grinding block) and the workpiece to enclose a spherical or approximately spherical complex surface with a predetermined curvature on the workpiece surface. Because spherical geometry is extremely sensitive to center coincidence, any slight eccentricity or axial movement will directly result in contour errors and surface roughness deterioration. Therefore, spherical grinding places strict requirements on machine tool rigidity, tool setting stability, and centering accuracy. Specifically, spherical grinding requires that the rotation axis of the grinding block must pass through the center of the workpiece sphere. The initial contact between the grinding block and the workpiece surface during the tool setting stage is the critical window for achieving center coincidence.

[0003] Common spherical grinding equipment mainly includes a spindle motor, a rigid tool holder, and a grinding block. During machining, the spindle motor directly drives the grinding block to rotate through a rigid transmission chain (such as a flange or rigid connecting rod), and the worktable feeds the workpiece to achieve spherical forming.

[0004] Because the grinding block and spindle motor of common spherical grinding devices are rigidly connected, there is a lack of buffering between the grinding block and the workpiece during tool setting and center alignment, making them highly susceptible to rigid impacts. Even a slight feed overtravel or CNC system lag during workpiece zero-point or center alignment can cause the high-speed rotating grinding block to impact the workpiece surface with tremendous kinetic energy. This hard-on-hard contact often results in chipped edges of the grinding block (grinding wheel), irreparable micro-scratches or indentations on the workpiece surface, severely impacting the yield of high-value parts such as optical components and sealing valve seats. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spherical grinding mechanism and a vertical CNC spherical forming machining center to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spherical grinding mechanism includes a mounting frame on which a processing motor is mounted; It also includes a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the output end of the processing motor, with limit sleeves installed at both ends of the rotating sleeve; a sliding groove is provided on the limit sleeve; a mounting post is sleeved inside the limit sleeve, and a slider that slides and engages with the sliding groove is installed at both ends of the mounting post. A grinding block is installed at one end of the mounting column; the processing motor can drive the mounting column to rotate through the rotating sleeve, thereby driving the grinding block to rotate, so as to grind the workpiece; The rotating sleeve is equipped with a buffer. During the center alignment of the grinding block and the workpiece, the mounting post can slide inward along the axial direction of the rotating sleeve, thereby buffering the extrusion force generated by the contact between the two. The rotating sleeve is equipped with a locking element, which can limit the mounting column after the extrusion pressure between the grinding block and the workpiece reaches a preset value, thus switching it from a floating buffer state to a rigid connection state.

[0007] The spherical grinding mechanism described above includes: a buffer member including a baffle installed inside the rotating sleeve; a limiting plate installed on the mounting post, the limiting plate being able to abut against the limiting sleeve; a buffer spring sleeved on the mounting post, the buffer spring being located between the limiting plate and the baffle, and its two ends abutting against the baffle and the limiting plate respectively; under normal conditions, the mounting post is supported to extend by the elastic force of the buffer spring.

[0008] The spherical grinding mechanism described above includes: a locking member comprising an annular groove formed on the mounting post; multiple sets of mounting blocks are equidistantly mounted on the circumference of the rotating sleeve; symmetrically arranged guide rails are mounted on the mounting blocks; a sliding plate is slidably mounted on the guide rails; a locking plate is connected to the sliding plate via a telescopic member; a spherical block is mounted on one end of the locking plate; a pressing plate is disposed inside the mounting block; a sliding column is mounted on the sliding plate and slidably engages with the pressing plate; a retaining spring is sleeved on the sliding column; and both ends of the retaining spring abut against the sliding plate and the pressing plate, respectively.

[0009] As described above, the spherical grinding mechanism is such that when the spherical blocks on the two mutually symmetrical locking plates are in contact with each other, they can form a hemispherical sphere with the same radius as the annular groove. When the two symmetrical locking plates move towards each other to their limit positions under the action of the sliding plate, the spherical blocks on the two locking plates fit together seamlessly and form a ring structure with a semi-circular cross-section. The outer contour of the ring structure is a hemispherical sphere with the same radius of curvature as the bottom arc surface of the ring groove. The diameter of the spherical block is adapted to the bottom diameter of the annular groove so that when the locking plates move away from each other, the outer peripheral surface of the spherical block can simultaneously and evenly adhere to and abut against the two opposing groove walls of the annular groove.

[0010] The spherical grinding mechanism described above includes a telescopic component consisting of a telescopic column mounted on the sliding plate, a telescopic sleeve mounted on the locking plate that slides and engages with the telescopic column, and a relief spring provided inside the telescopic sleeve, with both ends of the relief spring abutting against the telescopic column and the locking plate, respectively.

[0011] The spherical grinding mechanism described above includes: a locking motor mounted on the mounting block; a lead screw mounted on the output end of the locking motor; a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the lead screw mounted on the extrusion plate; the extrusion plate slidingly engaging with the guide rail; a wedge block mounted on the end of the locking plate away from the spherical block; and a top block that engages with the wedge block on the extrusion plate.

[0012] The spherical grinding mechanism described above: the sides of the multiple sets of wedges away from the sliding plate are inclined; when the multiple sets of wedges are in contact, their inclined surfaces form a triangular groove.

[0013] The spherical grinding mechanism described above: the top block is triangular in shape, and its size is larger than the size of the groove formed when multiple sets of wedges are fitted together.

[0014] As described above, in the spherical grinding mechanism: when the threaded sleeve approaches the mounting post along the screw axis, the pressing plate can drive the top block to move synchronously to cooperate with the groove. Thus, through the pressing action of the top block on the wedge block, the multiple sets of locking plates tend to move away from each other, thereby driving the multiple sets of spherical blocks to synchronously press the annular groove wall in opposite directions.

[0015] A vertical CNC spherical forming machining center includes a spherical grinding mechanism as described above; It also includes a chassis, which is connected to the spherical grinding mechanism via a lifting module; a worktable is provided on the chassis; During the preparation stage, the lifting module drives the spherical grinding mechanism to descend, so that the grinding block abuts against the workpiece surface. The buffer in the spherical grinding mechanism absorbs the impact of the tool setting and achieves center self-alignment. When the tool setting pressure reaches a preset threshold, the locking component activates to rigidly lock the mounting column onto the rotating sleeve. During the grinding process, the worktable can rotate at multiple angles and in multiple directions around at least two intersecting axes. The multidimensional rotational motion of the worktable is combined with the rotational motion of the spherical grinding mechanism to form a spherical surface or irregular curved surface with a predetermined curvature on the workpiece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. During tool setting and center alignment, the buffer spring can utilize its own elastic deformation to transform the rigid impact between the grinding block and the workpiece into a gentle elastic contraction. This effectively buffers the instantaneous impact force, avoids tool chipping and micro-scratches on the workpiece surface, and improves the processing safety of high-value parts; When the tool setting pressure reaches the threshold, the locking component moves quickly, and the ball block is embedded in the annular groove to switch the mounting post from a floating buffer state to a rigid connection state; thereby eliminating the axial clearance in the transmission chain, making the rotating sleeve and the mounting post form a highly rigid whole, which meets the stringent requirements of vibration resistance in heavy grinding. The buffering effect of the buffer during the tool setting process ensures non-destructive centering before grinding. After the pressure between the grinding block and the workpiece reaches the preset value, the mounting post is axially limited, thus meeting the high system rigidity required during grinding and improving the accuracy and surface quality of spherical grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical CNC spherical forming machining center.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical grinding mechanism.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a spherical grinding mechanism from a cross-sectional perspective.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer component in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting block in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking plate in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting column in a spherical grinding mechanism.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Workbench; 3. Lifting module; 4. Install the frame; 5. Machining motors; 6. Rotate the sleeve; 601. Baffle; 7. Limiting sleeve; 701. Slide groove; 8. Mounting column; 801. Slider; 802. Limiting plate; 803. Annular groove; 9. Buffer spring; 10. Grinding block; 11. Mounting block; 12. Lock the motor; 13. Guide rail; 14. Sliding plate; 1401. Telescopic column; 1402. Sliding column; 15. Yield spring; 16. Locking plate; 1601. Telescopic sleeve; 1602. Spherical block; 1603. Wedge block; 17. Clamping spring; 18. Lead screw; 19. Extrusion plate; 1901. Threaded sleeve; 1902. Top block. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-10 As an embodiment of the present invention, the spherical grinding mechanism includes a mounting frame 4, on which a processing motor 5 is mounted; It also includes a rotating sleeve 6 rotatably mounted on the output end of the processing motor 5, with limit sleeves 7 installed at both ends of the rotating sleeve 6; a sliding groove 701 is provided on the limit sleeve 7; an installation post 8 is sleeved inside the limit sleeve 7, and a slider 801 that slides and engages with the sliding groove 701 is installed at both ends of the installation post 8. A grinding block 10 is installed at one end of the mounting column 8; the processing motor 5 can drive the mounting column 8 to rotate through the rotating sleeve 6, thereby driving the grinding block 10 to rotate, so as to grind the workpiece. The rotating sleeve 6 is provided with a buffer. During the process of center alignment between the grinding block 10 and the workpiece, the mounting post 8 can slide inward along the axial direction of the rotating sleeve 6, thereby buffering the squeezing force generated by the contact between the two. The rotating sleeve 6 is provided with a locking element, which can limit the mounting column 8 after the extrusion pressure between the grinding block 10 and the workpiece reaches a preset value, thus switching it from a floating buffer state to a rigid connection state.

[0031] In this embodiment, in the initial state, under the action of the buffer, the mounting post 8 extends out of the rotating sleeve 6; at this time, the locking member is in the released state, and the mounting post 8 can float freely along the axial direction.

[0032] The circumferential and axial constraints of the mounting column 8 are released, and the mounting column 8 achieves torque transmission only through the cooperation of the slider 801 and the groove 701, while retaining the degree of freedom of movement along the axis.

[0033] During tool setting and center alignment, the grinding block 10 first contacts the spherical workpiece to be machined. If there is a slight eccentricity or positional deviation at this time, the workpiece will generate an axial reaction force on the grinding block 10. This force overcomes the preload of the buffer and pushes the mounting post 8 along with the slider 801 to slide inward along the slide groove 701. During this process, the buffer undergoes elastic deformation to absorb impact energy, effectively avoiding tool chipping or micro-scratches on the workpiece surface caused by instantaneous hard contact. Furthermore, the floating stage of the mounting post 8 provides space for the grinding block 10 to align, ensuring that the rotation center of the grinding block 10 precisely coincides with the center of the spherical surface of the workpiece.

[0034] As the grinding block 10 is gradually pressed into the workpiece surface, the contact force between them continuously increases, and the mounting post 8 retracts inward. When the pressing force reaches a preset threshold (which corresponds to the preload required for optimal grinding rigidity), the locking element activates, axially limiting the mounting post 8 and forming a stable rigid connection with the rotating sleeve 6. Subsequently, the processing motor 5 drives the grinding block 10 to rotate through the rigidly connected transmission chain (rotating sleeve 6 and mounting post 8), performing high-intensity grinding on the workpiece.

[0035] The buffering effect of the buffer during the tool setting process ensures non-destructive centering before grinding. After the extrusion pressure between the grinding block 10 and the workpiece reaches the preset value, the mounting column 8 is axially limited, thereby meeting the high system rigidity required during grinding and improving the accuracy and surface quality of spherical grinding.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the buffer includes a baffle 601 installed inside the rotating sleeve 6, a limiting plate 802 installed on the mounting post 8, the limiting plate 802 being able to abut against the limiting sleeve 7; a buffer spring 9 is sleeved on the mounting post 8, the buffer spring 9 being located between the limiting plate 802 and the baffle 601, and its two ends abutting against the baffle 601 and the limiting plate 802 respectively, and under normal conditions, the elastic force of the buffer spring 9 supports the extension of the mounting post 8.

[0037] In this embodiment, under normal conditions (i.e., when not in contact with the workpiece), the buffer spring 9 sleeved on the mounting post 8 is in a pre-compressed state, with its two ends abutting against the baffle 601 and the limiting plate 802, respectively. Under the action of the elastic force, the limiting plate 802 is pushed towards the limiting sleeve 7 and abuts against it, thereby limiting the extreme position of the mounting post 8 extending outward. At this time, the grinding block 10 is in the outermost standby position.

[0038] When the grinding block 10 feeds toward the workpiece and comes into contact with the spherical surface, the reaction force applied by the workpiece is transmitted to the limiting plate 802 through the mounting post 8, forcing the limiting plate 802 to compress the buffer spring 9 and move toward the baffle 601. The elastic force of the buffer spring 9 transforms the instantaneous rigid impact into a smooth elastic contraction, which absorbs the impact energy and effectively avoids tool chipping or micro-scratches on the workpiece surface caused by instantaneous hard contact.

[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the locking member includes an annular groove 803 formed on the mounting post 8, and multiple sets of mounting blocks 11 are equidistantly mounted on the circumference of the rotating sleeve 6; symmetrically arranged guide rails 13 are mounted on the mounting blocks 11, and sliding plates 14 are slidably mounted on the guide rails 13. The sliding plates 14 are connected to a locking plate 16 through a telescopic member. A spherical block 1602 is mounted on one end of the locking plate 16. A pressing plate 19 is provided inside the mounting blocks 11, and a sliding post 1402 that slidably engages with the pressing plate 19 is mounted on the sliding plate 14. A retaining spring 17 is sleeved on the sliding post 1402, and the two ends of the retaining spring 17 abut against the sliding plate 14 and the pressing plate 19, respectively.

[0040] As a further embodiment of the present invention, when the spherical blocks 1602 on the two mutually symmetrical locking plates 16 are in contact with each other, they can form a hemispherical sphere with the same radius as the annular groove 803. When the two symmetrical locking plates 16 move towards each other to their limit positions under the drive of the sliding plate 14, the spherical blocks 1602 on the two locking plates 16 fit together and are seamlessly connected, forming a ring structure with a semi-circular cross-section. The outer contour of the ring structure is a hemispherical sphere with the same radius of curvature as the bottom arc surface of the ring groove 803. The diameter of the spherical block 1602 is adapted to the bottom diameter of the annular groove 803 so that when the locking plates 16 are far apart, the outer peripheral surface of the spherical block 1602 can simultaneously and evenly adhere to and abut against the two opposite groove walls of the annular groove 803.

[0041] In this embodiment, under normal conditions, multiple sets of locking plates 16 are attached to each other, and multiple sets of spherical blocks 1602 are attached to each other to form a hemispherical structure; at this time, the hemispherical structure is misaligned with the annular groove 803; at the same time, the spherical block 1602 abuts against the mounting post 8, thereby causing the clamping spring 17 to be in a compressed state.

[0042] When the grinding block 10 comes into contact with the workpiece, the continuing to move mounting frame 4 will cause the mounting column 8 to slide inward within the rotating sleeve 6. During this process, the buffer spring 9 is gradually compressed, and its elastic force gradually increases; at the same time, the annular groove 803 gradually moves closer to the spherical block 1602.

[0043] When the annular groove 803 is aligned with the spherical block 1602 (at the set pressure value), under the elastic force of the clamping spring 17, the sliding plate 14 will drive the locking plate 16 to move towards the mounting post 8 through the telescopic component, thereby driving the spherical block 1602 into the annular groove 803, and the spherical block 1602 will fit against the bottom arc surface of the annular groove 803.

[0044] The outer contour of the spherical block 1602 fits snugly against the curved surfaces of the two groove walls of the annular groove 803, effectively increasing the contact area and reducing contact stress. This results in more uniform wear and effectively improves accuracy after long-term use.

[0045] The buffering effect of the buffer during the tool setting process ensures non-destructive centering before grinding. After the extrusion pressure between the grinding block 10 and the workpiece reaches the preset value, the mounting column 8 is axially limited, thereby meeting the high system rigidity required during grinding and improving the accuracy and surface quality of spherical grinding.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic component includes a telescopic column 1401 mounted on the sliding plate 14, and a telescopic sleeve 1601 mounted on the locking plate 16 that slides and engages with the telescopic column 1401. A relief spring 15 is provided inside the telescopic sleeve 1601, and the two ends of the relief spring 15 abut against the telescopic column 1401 and the locking plate 16, respectively.

[0047] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the locking member further includes a locking motor 12 mounted on the mounting block 11; a lead screw 18 is mounted on the output end of the locking motor 12; a threaded sleeve 1901 threadedly connected to the lead screw 18 is mounted on the pressing plate 19; the pressing plate 19 is slidably engaged with the guide rail 13; a wedge block 1603 is mounted on the end of the locking plate 16 away from the spherical block 1602; and a top block 1902 that presses against the wedge block 1603 is mounted on the pressing plate 19.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the spherical block 1602 enters the annular groove 803, the locking motor 12 is started. At this time, the lead screw 18 rotates, and through the threaded engagement, it drives the threaded sleeve 1901 to move towards the mounting post 8, thereby driving the extrusion plate 19 to move synchronously. During this process, the top block 1902 gradually approaches the wedge block 1603, and the clamping spring 17 is gradually compressed, making the spherical block 1602 and the annular groove 803 fit more tightly.

[0049] When the top block 1902 and the wedge block 1603 are in contact, the threaded engagement between the lead screw 18 and the threaded sleeve 1901 allows the compressive force between the top block 1902 and the wedge block 1603 to gradually increase. Furthermore, the guiding effect of the wedge block 1603 causes the locking plates 16 to tend to move away from each other, resulting in the telescopic column 1401 tending to slide inwards within the telescopic sleeve 1601, and the relief spring 15 tending to contract. Simultaneously, the spherical blocks 1602 tend to separate from each other. This causes the compressive force between the spherical blocks 1602 and the wall of the annular groove 803 to gradually increase. Since the compressive forces exerted by the two spherical blocks 1602 on the annular groove 803 are opposite in direction and equal in magnitude, they form a pair of symmetrical clamping forces, which increases the difficulty of axial movement of the mounting column 8.

[0050] During the pressing process of multiple sets of spherical blocks 1602 on the groove wall of the annular groove 803, the annular groove 803 is subjected to two extrusion forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction. The interaction of the two extrusion forces makes the annular groove 803 able to maintain its position, that is, the difficulty of the mounting post 8 sliding in the rotating sleeve 6 is increased, thereby transforming the elastic connection between the mounting post 8 and the rotating sleeve 6 into a rigid connection. In addition, multiple sets of locking elements are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the mounting post 8. The multiple sets of locking elements cooperate with each other, making the rotation of the mounting post 8 relatively stable and preventing vibration, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0051] The buffering effect of the buffer during the tool setting process ensures non-destructive centering before grinding. After the extrusion pressure between the grinding block 10 and the workpiece reaches the preset value, the mounting column 8 is axially limited, thereby meeting the high system rigidity required during grinding and improving the accuracy and surface quality of spherical grinding.

[0052] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the sides of the multiple sets of wedges 1603 away from the sliding plate 14 are inclined; when the multiple sets of wedges 1603 are in contact, their inclined surfaces form a triangular groove.

[0053] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the top block 1902 is triangular in shape, and its size is larger than the size of the groove formed when multiple sets of wedge blocks 1603 are attached.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the locking motor 12 drives the pressing plate 19 to move towards the mounting post 8, the triangular top block 1902 is the first to insert into the triangular groove formed by multiple sets of wedges 1603. Since the size of the top block 1902 is larger than the initial size of the groove, the two form an interference fit at the moment of contact. As the pressing plate 19 continues to advance, the top block 1902, like a wedge, forcibly opens up each set of wedges 1603, forcing the locking plate 16 to overcome the resistance of the relief spring 15 and expand radially outward.

[0055] Through the cooperation of the top block 1902 and the wedge block 1603, the squeezing force of the top block 1902 on the wedge block 1603 is converted into a component force that causes the locking plates 16 to move away from each other and a component force that causes the locking plates 16 to move closer to the mounting post 8.

[0056] The component force that moves the locking plates 16 away from each other increases the compressive force between the spherical block 1602 and the annular groove 803, thereby increasing the difficulty of axial movement of the mounting post 8. The component force that moves the locking plates 16 closer to the mounting post 8 increases the difficulty of separation between the spherical block 1602 and the annular groove 803. Furthermore, by using multiple sets of locking elements to compress the mounting post 8 radially along multiple directions, the axis of the mounting post 8 remains relatively stable, which improves the stability of subsequent grinding and thus improves the grinding quality.

[0057] As a further embodiment of the present invention, when the threaded sleeve 1901 approaches the mounting post 8 along the axial direction of the lead screw 18, the pressing plate 19 can drive the top block 1902 to move synchronously to cooperate with the groove. Thus, through the pressing action of the top block 1902 on the wedge block 1603, the multiple sets of locking plates 16 tend to move away from each other, thereby driving the multiple sets of spherical blocks 1602 to synchronously press the groove wall of the annular groove 803 in opposite directions.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the threaded sleeve 1901 smoothly approaches the mounting post 8 axially under the drive of the lead screw 18, the pressing plate 19 fixed to it drives the triangular top block 1902 to advance together. Since the outer dimensions of the top block 1902 are larger than the groove formed by the wedge blocks 1603, its insertion process is not a simple linear contact, but rather utilizes the geometric characteristics of the triangular face to apply an equal, radially outward, and strictly symmetrical expansion force to the multiple circumferentially distributed wedge blocks 1603.

[0059] During the pressing process of multiple sets of spherical blocks 1602 on the groove wall of the annular groove 803, the annular groove 803 is subjected to two extrusion forces of equal magnitude and opposite direction. The interaction of the two extrusion forces makes the annular groove 803 able to maintain its position, that is, the difficulty of the mounting post 8 sliding in the rotating sleeve 6 is increased, thereby transforming the elastic connection between the mounting post 8 and the rotating sleeve 6 into a rigid connection. In addition, multiple sets of locking elements are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the mounting post 8. The multiple sets of locking elements cooperate with each other, making the rotation of the mounting post 8 relatively stable and preventing vibration, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0060] A vertical CNC spherical forming machining center includes a spherical grinding mechanism as described above; It also includes a chassis 1, which is connected to the spherical grinding mechanism via a lifting module 3; a worktable 2 is provided on the chassis 1; During the processing preparation stage, the lifting module 3 drives the spherical grinding mechanism to descend, so that the grinding block 10 abuts against the workpiece surface. The buffer in the spherical grinding mechanism absorbs the impact of the tool setting and achieves center self-alignment. When the tool setting pressure reaches a preset threshold, the locking component moves to rigidly lock the mounting column 8 onto the rotating sleeve 6. During the grinding process, the worktable 2 can rotate around at least two intersecting axes at multiple angles and in multiple directions. The multidimensional rotational motion of the worktable 2 is combined with the rotational motion of the spherical grinding mechanism to form a spherical surface or irregular curved surface with a predetermined curvature on the workpiece.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A spherical grinding mechanism, characterized in that, Includes a mounting frame on which a processing motor is mounted; It also includes a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the output end of the processing motor, with limit sleeves installed at both ends of the rotating sleeve; a sliding groove is provided on the limit sleeve; a mounting post is sleeved inside the limit sleeve, and a slider that slides and engages with the sliding groove is installed at both ends of the mounting post. A grinding block is installed at one end of the mounting column; the processing motor can drive the mounting column to rotate through the rotating sleeve, thereby driving the grinding block to rotate, so as to grind the workpiece; The rotating sleeve is equipped with a buffer. During the center alignment of the grinding block and the workpiece, the mounting post can slide inward along the axial direction of the rotating sleeve, thereby buffering the extrusion force generated by the contact between the two. The rotating sleeve is equipped with a locking element, which can limit the mounting column after the extrusion pressure between the grinding block and the workpiece reaches a preset value, thus switching it from a floating buffer state to a rigid connection state.

2. The spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer component includes a baffle installed inside the rotating sleeve, a limiting plate installed on the mounting post, the limiting plate being able to abut against the limiting sleeve; a buffer spring is sleeved on the mounting post, the buffer spring being located between the limiting plate and the baffle, and its two ends abutting against the baffle and the limiting plate respectively, and under normal conditions, the mounting post is supported to extend by the elastic force of the buffer spring.

3. The spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking component includes an annular groove formed on the mounting post. Multiple sets of mounting blocks are equidistantly installed on the circumference of the rotating sleeve. Symmetrically arranged guide rails are installed on the mounting blocks. A sliding plate is slidably installed on the guide rails. A locking plate is connected to the sliding plate through a telescopic component. A spherical block is installed at one end of the locking plate. A pressing plate is provided inside the mounting block. A sliding column that slidably engages with the pressing plate is installed on the sliding plate. A clamping spring is sleeved on the sliding column. Both ends of the clamping spring abut against the sliding plate and the pressing plate, respectively.

4. The spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the spherical blocks on the two mutually symmetrical locking plates are fitted together, they can form a hemispherical sphere with the same radius as the annular groove. When the two symmetrical locking plates move towards each other to their limit positions under the action of the sliding plate, the spherical blocks on the two locking plates fit together seamlessly and form a ring structure with a semi-circular cross-section. The outer contour of the ring structure is a hemispherical sphere with the same radius of curvature as the bottom arc surface of the ring groove. The diameter of the spherical block is adapted to the bottom diameter of the annular groove so that when the locking plates move away from each other, the outer peripheral surface of the spherical block can simultaneously and evenly adhere to and abut against the two opposing groove walls of the annular groove.

5. A spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic component includes a telescopic column mounted on the sliding plate, a telescopic sleeve mounted on the locking plate that slides and engages with the telescopic column, and a relief spring provided inside the telescopic sleeve, with both ends of the relief spring abutting against the telescopic column and the locking plate, respectively.

6. A spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking component also includes a locking motor mounted on the mounting block; a lead screw is mounted on the output end of the locking motor; a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the lead screw is mounted on the extrusion plate; the extrusion plate is slidably fitted with the guide rail; a wedge is mounted on the end of the locking plate away from the spherical block; and a top block is mounted on the extrusion plate that is in extrusion engagement with the wedge.

7. A spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sides of the multiple sets of wedges away from the sliding plate are inclined; when the multiple sets of wedges are in contact, their inclined surfaces form a triangular groove.

8. A spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top block is triangular in shape, and its size is larger than the size of the groove formed when multiple sets of wedges are fitted together.

9. A spherical grinding mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the threaded sleeve approaches the mounting post along the axial direction of the lead screw, the extrusion plate can drive the top block to move synchronously to cooperate with the groove. Thus, through the extrusion action of the top block on the wedge block, the multiple sets of locking plates tend to move away from each other, thereby driving the multiple sets of spherical blocks to synchronously extrude the annular groove wall in opposite directions.

10. A vertical CNC spherical forming machining center, characterized in that, Includes the spherical grinding mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9; It also includes a chassis, which is connected to the spherical grinding mechanism via a lifting module; a worktable is provided on the chassis; During the preparation stage, the lifting module drives the spherical grinding mechanism to descend, so that the grinding block abuts against the workpiece surface. The buffer in the spherical grinding mechanism absorbs the impact of the tool setting and achieves center self-alignment. When the tool setting pressure reaches a preset threshold, the locking component activates to rigidly lock the mounting column onto the rotating sleeve. During the grinding process, the worktable can rotate at multiple angles and in multiple directions around at least two intersecting axes. The multidimensional rotational motion of the worktable is combined with the rotational motion of the spherical grinding mechanism to form a spherical surface or irregular curved surface with a predetermined curvature on the workpiece.

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