Plate reciprocating surface polishing machine integrated with follow-up dustproof and chip collecting cover

Abstract

The application discloses a plate reciprocating surface polishing machine integrated with a follow-up dustproof dust collecting cover and relates to the field of plate grinding processing.The plate reciprocating surface polishing machine integrated with a follow-up dustproof dust collecting cover comprises a rack, a workbench and a gantry, a driving structure on the gantry drives an outer shell to reciprocate in a guide groove, a built-in motor of the outer shell drives a polishing wheel, a side surface is connected with a fixed support through an adjusting structure, a floating plate in the support is connected with a connecting frame through a floating structure and is hinged, the connecting frame is driven to deflect by a cylinder, the connecting frame is provided with rollers at four corners, a connecting plate on one side is sleeved outside the polishing wheel and is fixedly connected with the dust collecting cover, a wedge baffle is arranged in the dust collecting cover, and the bottom is provided with a ventilation cylinder and a spray head.The plate reciprocating surface polishing machine integrated with a follow-up dustproof dust collecting cover is provided with a full follow-up dustproof unit composed of flexible corrugated sections, realizes zero-gap sealing, cooperatively collects dust through the volute surface in the cover, the antistatic coating and the wedge baffle, the bottom air curtain and the negative pressure push-pull cover gap seal the cover gap, the polishing is carried out by the hydraulic damping spring floating constant pressure, the polyurethane rollers do not damage the plate surface, the eccentric hand wheel accurately adjusts the depth of cutting, the roller height is independently compensated, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate grinding, and in particular to a reciprocating surface polishing machine for plates with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover. Background Technology

[0002] In the surface polishing process of high-gloss materials such as acrylic, stainless steel, and composite panels, reciprocating polishing machines are usually used for grinding to obtain a mirror-like finish. During the polishing process, a large amount of fine dust is generated. If it cannot be effectively collected, it will not only seriously pollute the workshop environment and endanger the health of operators, but may also cause secondary scratches on the already processed high-gloss surface, leading to a decrease in product yield.

[0003] Traditional chip collection hoods are mostly fixed structures, which cannot independently and in real time adapt to the local undulations of the plate thickness or the edge cutting process. When the polishing wheel cuts into the wedge plate or makes thickness compensation adjustments, a funnel-shaped open gap will inevitably be generated between the edge of the rigid hood and the plate. High-speed centrifugal dust will overflow from this gap in large quantities, seriously polluting the workshop environment and causing falling particles to scratch the polished high-gloss surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issue of the chip collection hood being unable to move, this application provides a reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof chip collection hood.

[0005] The technical solution of this application for a reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover is as follows:

[0006] A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dust and chip collection cover includes a frame, a vacuum adsorption worktable on the top surface of the frame, a gantry frame spanning the top surface of the frame, a drive structure on the gantry frame, guide grooves on the sides of the gantry frame, and a housing driven by the drive structure slidably connected within the guide grooves.

[0007] The housing contains a second motor, and a main bearing seat is fixed inside the housing. A main shaft is rotatably connected inside the main bearing seat. A polishing wheel is fixed at the bottom end of the main shaft. The drive shaft of the second motor is connected to the main shaft via a coupling. A fixed bracket is connected to the side of the housing via an adjustment structure. A floating plate is connected to the fixed bracket via a floating structure. A connecting frame is hinged to the bottom surface of the floating plate. A cylinder that drives the connecting frame to deflect around the hinge point is provided on the top surface of the floating plate. An clearance hole is provided on the floating plate. The piston rod of the cylinder passes downward through the clearance hole and is hinged to the top surface of the connecting frame. The top end of the cylinder body is hinged to the floating plate via an upper trunnion. The bottom end of the piston rod of the cylinder is movably hinged to the mounting seat on the top surface of the connecting frame via a ball joint bearing.

[0008] Rollers are installed at all four ends of the bottom surface of the connecting frame. A semi-circular arc-shaped connecting plate is fixed on the side of the connecting frame near the outer shell. The arc-shaped connecting plate is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the polishing wheel with a gap. A chip collection cover is fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0009] The inner wall of the chip collection hood has an antistatic and non-stick coating. Its internal cavity is an asymmetric logarithmic spiral volute surface. The airflow inlet of the chip collection hood converges at a position opposite to the tangential spiraling side of the polishing wheel's grinding tangent direction. Wedge-shaped baffles are arranged alternately inside the chip collection hood. An air vent is fixed at the bottom of the chip collection hood. Several nozzles are provided on the bottom surface of the air vent. A flexible cable chain system is provided on the side of the frame. The air inlet of the air vent is connected to a high-pressure hose, which is laid inside the flexible cable chain system.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the frame is used to support all components, the vacuum adsorption worktable is used to adsorb and fix the plate 12, the gantry frame is straddling above the worktable to install the drive structure, the drive structure and the guide groove jointly drive the reciprocating motion of the outer shell, the outer shell is used to house the second motor, the second motor drives the polishing wheel to rotate at high speed, the adjustment structure is used to connect the fixed bracket and precisely adjust the cutting depth, the fixed bracket is used to install the floating structure, the floating structure allows the floating plate to float up and down to maintain constant pressure, the floating plate is hinged to the connecting frame and provides the mounting base, the cylinder drives the connecting frame to deflect to adapt to the tilt of the plate. The blade is angled or deflected, and the roller is used to roll and support the material surface and provide a floating reference. The connecting plate is sleeved outside the polishing wheel and connected to the chip collection hood to achieve dynamic follow-up. The antistatic and non-stick coating on the inner wall of the chip collection hood is used to prevent dust from sticking to the wall. The internal logarithmic spiral volute surface is used to guide the dust-laden airflow to slide smoothly against the wall. The airflow inlet converges directly opposite the upward spiraling side of the polishing wheel tangent to reduce turbulence loss. The wedge-shaped baffle is used to generate boundary layer separation vortices to trap coarse dust particles. The vent and bottom nozzle are used to form a cone-shaped air curtain to force the escaping dust to the negative pressure zone at the center of the hood.

[0011] Preferably, the drive structure includes a fixed frame fixed to the top surface of the gantry frame, an adjusting screw is provided inside the fixed frame, a first motor connected to the adjusting screw is provided on one side of the fixed frame via a coupling, a first slider adapted to the thread of the adjusting screw is slidably provided inside the fixed frame, and the first slider is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and protective plates are fixed between the two sides of the first slider and the inner wall of the fixed frame.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed frame is used to provide the mounting base for the screw drive. The screw is adjusted to rotate under the drive of the first motor, which drives the first slider that is threadedly matched to it to move linearly along the inner cavity of the fixed frame. The first slider is fixed to the outer shell to drive it to reciprocate. The protective plates on both sides extend and retract with the first slider to cover the screw pair and prevent dust from entering.

[0013] Preferably, the floating structure includes guide rods symmetrically fixed in a fixed bracket, the floating plate is slidably disposed on the surface of the guide rods, and a damper and a compression spring are installed between the floating plate and the fixed bracket.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod is symmetrically fixed in the fixed bracket to provide vertical sliding guidance for the floating plate. The damper is installed between the floating plate and the fixed bracket to provide speed-related damping to suppress high-frequency flutter. The compression spring is also installed between the two to apply linear flexible preload to maintain constant polishing pressure.

[0015] Preferably, the adjustment structure includes a groove formed on the outer shell, a fixed seat fixedly provided on the surface of the fixed bracket that slides with the groove, a disc rotatably disposed on the outer shell, a connecting rod provided between the eccentric part of the disc and the fixed seat, a handwheel fixedly disposed at the center of the disc, and circular holes arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the outer shell with the rotation axis of the disc as the center. A handle that is slidably disposed on the handwheel and adapted to be inserted into the circular holes is provided on the handwheel. A number of scale lines are provided on the surface of the outer shell, and a pointer pointing to the scale lines is provided on the fixed seat.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a slide groove is opened on the outer shell and slides with the fixed seat to limit the adjustment direction. The disc is rotated on the outer shell, and its eccentric part is hinged to the fixed seat through a connecting rod, which converts the rotational motion into the lifting motion of the fixed seat and the fixed support. The handwheel is fixed in the center of the disc for operation. The handle is slidably set on the handwheel and is inserted into the round hole on the surface of the outer shell to achieve angle locking. The scale line and the pointer cooperate to display the displacement, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the cutting depth.

[0017] Preferably, the four corners of the connecting frame are provided with rectangular slots, the roller bearing is locked by bolts passing through the rectangular slots, and the outer wall of the connecting frame corresponding to the rectangular slots is covered with a dustproof silicone gasket with an elastic self-closing slit, and the bolts are set through the slits.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the rectangular grooves opened at the four corners of the connecting frame provide vertical adjustment space for the roller bearing seat. The bolts pass through the rectangular grooves to lock the roller bearing seat. After loosening the bolts, the height of the roller can be adjusted up and down along the groove to adapt to different plate thicknesses and compensate for roller wear.

[0019] Preferably, the upper and lower rigid sections of the chip collection hood are made of aluminum alloy, the middle flexible section is a hydrogenated nitrile rubber corrugated section with an internally embedded spring steel skeleton, the baffle is embedded in the rigid positioning ring on the inner wall of the rubber corrugated section, and the cross-section of the baffle is wedge-shaped.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper and lower hard aluminum alloy sections of the chip collection hood provide structural support and installation rigidity; the middle hydrogenated nitrile rubber corrugated section allows the hood to bend flexibly with the deflection of the connecting frame, and the spring steel skeleton embedded inside enhances the fatigue resistance of repeated bending; the baffle is embedded in the hard positioning ring on the inner wall of the rubber corrugated section to ensure stability, and its wedge-shaped cross section induces boundary layer separation when the airflow passes over it, generating micro separation vortices to intercept coarse dust particles.

[0021] Preferably, the outer surface of the guide rod is fitted with a first corrugated sleeve, the damper and the compression spring are arranged coaxially, and the outer surfaces of both are fitted with a second corrugated sleeve.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the first corrugated sleeve fitted on the outer surface of the guide rod is used to provide full-seal protection for the guide rod, and the second corrugated sleeve fitted on the outer surface of the damper and compression spring is used to provide full-seal protection for the damper and spring, preventing dust and moisture from corroding the internal precision components.

[0023] Preferably, the nozzle has an orifice diameter of 0.8 mm and the spray direction of the nozzle forms a 30° angle with the vertical plane.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the nozzle aperture is set to 0.8mm to form a fine and high-speed jet airflow; its jet direction is at a 30° angle to the vertical plane, so that all jets are uniformly pointed obliquely downwards from the central axis of the polishing wheel, and multiple jets converge to form a conical air curtain that converges towards the center, forcibly blowing the outward dust into the negative pressure zone.

[0025] Preferably, the large-diameter dust extraction port of the chip collection hood is connected to an external vacuum network via a polyurethane corrugated hose reinforced with spiral steel wire.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the large-diameter dust extraction port of the dust collection hood is connected to the external vacuum pipeline through a polyurethane corrugated hose reinforced with spiral steel wire. The spiral steel wire skeleton is used to support the pipe wall and prevent the corrugated hose from collapsing or fatigue breaking during continuous reciprocating bending, thus ensuring that the dust extraction pipeline is unobstructed for a long time.

[0027] Preferably, the support feet at the bottom of the frame include casters and adjustable anchor bolts, with shock-absorbing rubber fixed to the bottom of the anchor bolts.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the casters in the bottom support feet of the frame are used for rapid movement of the equipment, the adjustable anchor bolts are used for ground leveling, and the shock-absorbing rubber fixed at the bottom of the anchor bolts is used to absorb operating vibration, thereby achieving vibration isolation and ensuring equipment stability.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. By fixing the chip collection hood to the bottom of the connecting plate that can rotate and rise synchronously with the connecting frame, and setting a flexible rubber corrugated section in the middle of the chip collection hood, the chip collection hood, air curtain nozzle and floating roller system form an integrated fully dynamic dustproof unit. No matter what positional changes the polishing wheel undergoes due to cutting depth adjustment, wedge shape adaptation of the plate or cutting requirements, the chip collection hood can dynamically envelop the cutting area to achieve zero-gap dynamic sealing, fundamentally eliminating the problem of dust escape due to positional changes in fixed hood structures.

[0031] 2. The internal cavity of the dust collection hood adopts an asymmetric logarithmic spiral volute surface design, and the airflow inlet convergence point is precisely positioned on the side where the polishing wheel pulls upward for cutting. This allows the dust-laden airflow to glide smoothly along the wall, effectively reducing turbulent energy loss and improving negative pressure suction efficiency. At the same time, the antistatic polytetrafluoroethylene non-stick coating on the hood wall eliminates the frictional adhesion of fine dust. Combined with the staggered wedge-shaped baffles in the central flexible section, the micro separation vortex generated by boundary layer separation forms a local high-resistance retention zone, which powerfully intercepts residual coarse dust particles. This achieves a triple synergistic high-efficiency dust collection system of "volute flow guidance - wedge interception - coating anti-stick".

[0032] 3. The annular vent at the bottom of the dust collection hood forms a cone-shaped air curtain with multiple 0.8mm diameter nozzles arranged in a high density, pointing obliquely directly below the central axis of the polishing wheel. This air curtain forms an active gaseous barrier around the polishing area, forcibly blowing the dust that splashes outward due to centrifugal force and escapes along the surface of the board towards the negative pressure zone in the center of the hood. This, together with the dust extraction negative pressure, forms a "push-pull" combined force, effectively sealing the dynamic gap at the edge of the hood opening and significantly improving the dust collection rate throughout the entire reciprocating motion process.

[0033] 4. A floating structure combining a micro hydraulic damper and a rectangular cross-section mold spring is adopted to provide speed-related damping and linear flexible preload for the floating plate and connecting frame. The hydraulic damper can quickly attenuate the high-frequency flutter generated during high-speed reciprocating motion and suppress the generation of vibration marks. The rectangular mold spring ensures that the polishing pressure is always constant. The four corner-mounted Shore 85A polyurethane elastomer rollers roll with low contact stress and follow the shape of the plate surface, providing a stable floating reference surface and ensuring that the high-gloss surface is free from pressure marks and scratches.

[0034] 5. The eccentric adjustment mechanism consisting of a handwheel, disc, and connecting rod, along with pointer and scale display, enables precise fine-tuning and rapid locking of the cutting depth of the fixed bracket and polishing wheel. Meanwhile, the roller bearing seat can achieve independent height compensation adjustment through rectangular groove and bolt cooperation, adapting to different plate thicknesses and roller wear compensation. The above design gives the equipment significant advantages such as convenient operation, high adjustment accuracy, and low maintenance cost. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed frame in this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 For the purposes of this application Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 5 For the purposes of this application Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the outer casing and the handwheel in this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chip collection hood in this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ventilator and the nozzle in this application.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 11. Workbench; 12. Sheet metal; 13. Gantry frame; 14. Guide groove; 15. Fixing frame; 16. First motor; 17. Adjusting screw; 18. First slider; 19. Protective plate;

[0044] 2. Outer casing; 21. Second motor; 22. Polishing wheel; 23. Fixed bracket; 24. Guide rod; 25. First corrugated sleeve; 26. Floating plate; 27. Damper; 28. Compression spring; 29. ​​Second corrugated sleeve;

[0045] 3. Connecting frame; 31. Rectangular groove; 32. Roller; 33. Bolt; 34. Cylinder; 35. Connecting plate;

[0046] 4. Slide groove; 41. Connecting rod; 42. Fixing base; 43. Scale line; 44. Pointer; 45. Disc; 46. Handwheel; 47. Handle; 48. Round hole;

[0047] 5. Chip collection hood; 51. Baffle; 52. Ventilation pipe; 53. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0049] This application discloses a reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover.

[0050] Reference Figures 1-3 A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover includes a frame 1. The support feet at the bottom of the frame 1 include casters and adjustable anchor studs. The bottom of the anchor studs is fixed with shock-absorbing rubber to enable rapid movement, leveling, and vibration isolation of the equipment. A vacuum adsorption worktable 11 is provided on the top surface of the frame 1 for adsorbing and fixing the sheet metal 12 to be processed. A gantry frame 13 spans the top surface of the frame 1. A drive structure is provided on the gantry frame 13. The drive structure includes a fixed frame 15 fixed on the top surface of the gantry frame 13. An adjusting screw 17 is rotatably provided inside the fixed frame 15. A first motor 16 is installed on one side of the fixed frame 15 and is connected to the adjusting screw 17. A first slider 18 is slidably connected inside the fixed frame 15 and is threadedly adapted to the adjusting screw 17. Protective plates 19 that can move and extend with the first slider 18 are fixed between the two sides of the first slider 18 and the ends of the fixed frame 15. The protective plates 19 adopt an accordion-style cover to prevent dust from entering the screw pair.

[0051] The side of the gantry frame 13 is provided with a guide groove 14 extending along the length of the plate 12. The outer shell 2 is slidably connected in the guide groove 14. The outer shell 2 is fixedly connected to the first slider 18. Thus, the first motor 16 drives the outer shell 2 to reciprocate along the guide groove 14 via the adjusting screw 17. The outer shell 2 houses a second motor 21. The drive shaft of the second motor 21 extends vertically downward and is fixed with a polishing wheel 22. The second motor 21 drives the polishing wheel 22 to rotate at high speed for grinding and polishing. The outer shell 2 is fixed with a main bearing seat. An independent main shaft is rotatably connected in the main bearing seat. The bottom end of the main shaft is fixed with the polishing wheel 22 through a flange. The drive shaft of the second motor 21 is connected to the top end of the main shaft through a coupling to isolate the radial and axial loads generated by the polishing wheel 22.

[0052] First, place the sheet material 12 to be processed on the vacuum adsorption workbench 11, start the vacuum adsorption system to firmly adsorb and fix the sheet material 12 on the workbench 11, adjust the anchor bolts of each support foot at the bottom of the frame 1, and move the equipment to a suitable position with the casters and complete the ground leveling, so that the shock-absorbing rubber is in full contact with the ground, ensuring the stability and vibration isolation effect of the equipment in subsequent operation.

[0053] After the equipment is started, the second motor 21 is powered on and runs, and its drive shaft drives the polishing wheel 22 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the first motor 16 starts and drives the adjusting screw 17 in the fixed frame 15 to rotate. The adjusting screw 17 drives the first slider 18, which is threadedly matched with it, to move linearly back and forth along the inner cavity of the fixed frame 15. During the sliding process, the protective plates 19 on both sides of the first slider 18 extend and retract synchronously, always effectively shielding the screw pair and preventing dust generated during polishing from entering.

[0054] Since the outer shell 2 is fixedly connected to the first slider 18 and the outer shell 2 is slidably fitted in the guide groove 14 on the side of the gantry frame 13, the reciprocating motion of the first slider 18 directly drives the outer shell 2 to move synchronously along the guide groove 14. The movement of the outer shell 2 drives the second motor 21 inside and the polishing wheel 22 fixed at the bottom to move back and forth along the length of the plate 12. The high-speed rotating polishing wheel 22 continuously and uniformly grinds and polishes the surface of the plate 12 during the movement.

[0055] Reference Figure 6 An adjustment structure is provided on the side of the outer casing 2 near the polishing wheel 22, and a fixed bracket 23 is connected to the adjustment structure. The adjustment structure includes a vertical slide groove 4 on the outer casing 2. A fixed seat 42 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed bracket 23 and slidably connected in the slide groove 4. A disc 45 is rotatably connected to the outer casing 2 via a bearing. A connecting rod 41 is hinged between the eccentric part of the disc 45 and the fixed seat 42. A handwheel 46 is fixedly connected to the center of the disc 45. Multiple circular holes 48 are arranged in a circular array around the rotation center of the disc 45 on the surface of the outer casing 2. The handwheel 46... A handle 47 is slidably connected along the axial direction, and the handle 47 is inserted into and adapted to the round hole 48. Several scale lines 43 are provided on both sides of the slide groove 4 on the surface of the outer shell 2. A pointer 44 pointing to the scale line 43 is fixed on the fixed seat 42. By pulling out the handle 47 and turning the handwheel 46, the disc 45 drives the fixed seat 42 and the fixed bracket 23 to move up and down along the slide groove 4 via the connecting rod 41. The pointer 44, in conjunction with the scale line 43, displays the precise displacement. After it is in place, the handle 47 can be pushed into the corresponding round hole 48 to lock it, thereby realizing high-precision adjustment of the cutting depth of the polishing wheel 22 relative to the floating reference.

[0056] When it is necessary to adjust the depth of cut of the polishing wheel 22 relative to the floating reference, the operator first holds the handle 47 and pulls it outward along the axis of the handwheel 46, so that the plug end of the handle 47 disengages from the corresponding circular hole 48 on the surface of the housing 2. At this time, the handwheel 46 is unlocked and can rotate freely.

[0057] Subsequently, the operator rotates the handwheel 46, which drives the disk 45 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously around its center. Since the eccentric part of the disk 45 is hinged to the fixed seat 42 through the connecting rod 41, and the fixed seat 42 is restricted to slide up and down in the vertical slide groove 4, the rotational motion of the disk 45 is converted into the linear lifting and lowering motion of the fixed seat 42 along the slide groove 4 through the connecting rod 41. The lifting and lowering of the fixed seat 42 drives the fixed bracket 23 fixed to it to move up and down synchronously. During the adjustment process, the pointer 44 on the fixed seat 42 moves together with the fixed seat 42 and points to the scale line 43 at different positions on the surface of the outer shell 2 in real time. By observing the relative position of the pointer 44 and the scale line 43, the operator can accurately read the current displacement and achieve high-precision cutting depth setting.

[0058] Once the fixed bracket 23 is adjusted to the target position, the operator releases the handle 47. Under the action of the internal return spring, the handle 47 slides inward along the handwheel 46 axis, and its plug end automatically inserts into the round hole 48 on the surface of the outer casing 2 that is facing at this time, locking the handwheel 46, the disc 45 and the entire adjustment mechanism at the current angle, thereby accurately fixing the cutting depth of the polishing wheel 22 and completing the adjustment.

[0059] Reference Figures 3-5 A floating plate 26 is connected inside the fixed bracket 23 via a floating structure. The floating structure includes two guide rods 24 symmetrically fixed inside the fixed bracket 23. The floating plate 26 is slidably sleeved on the surface of the guide rods 24. A damper 27 and a compression spring 28 are installed between the top surface of the floating plate 26 and the top surface of the inner wall of the fixed bracket 23. The damper 27 is preferably a miniature hydraulic damper, which provides speed-related damping to suppress high-frequency chatter during the polishing process. The compression spring 28 is preferably a rectangular cross-section mold spring, which provides linear flexible preload. The outer surfaces of the guide rods 24 on the upper and lower sides of the floating plate 26 are respectively fitted with first corrugated sleeves 25, and the outer surfaces of the damper 27 and the compression spring 28 are fitted with second corrugated sleeves 29. The first corrugated sleeves 25 and the second corrugated sleeves 29 are both made of EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, which provides a fully sealed protection for the guide rods 24, the compression springs 28 and the damper 27, preventing dust and moisture erosion.

[0060] A connecting frame 3 is hinged to one side of the bottom surface of the floating plate 26. A cylinder 34 is also installed inside the floating plate 26. The driving end of the cylinder 34 extends downwards and is movably connected to the top surface of the connecting frame 3 on the other side. The extension and retraction of the cylinder 34 can drive the connecting frame 3 to deflect at a small angle around the hinge point. To avoid radial jamming and bending moment interference on the piston rod of the cylinder 34 when the connecting frame 3 deflects, the top of the cylinder body of the cylinder 34 is hinged to the top of the inner cavity of the floating plate 26 via an upper trunnion structure. The bottom end of the piston rod of the cylinder 34 is hinged to the mounting seat on the top surface of the connecting frame 3 on the other side via a ball joint bearing. Through the coordinated compensation of the swing freedom of the upper trunnion and the multi-directional rotational freedom of the ball joint bearing at the bottom end, it is ensured that when the cylinder 34 drives the connecting frame 3 to tilt at any angle, the piston rod always remains collinear with the direction of the load force, bearing only pure axial force. The push-pull force enables smooth, interference-free deflection of the mechanism. Rollers 32 are installed at all four ends of the bottom surface of the connecting frame 3. Specifically, vertically extending rectangular grooves 31 are provided at the four corners of the connecting frame 3. The bearing seat of each roller 32 is locked to the connecting frame 3 by bolts 33 that pass through the rectangular grooves 31. After loosening the bolts 33, the height position of the roller 32 can be adjusted up and down along the rectangular grooves 31 to accommodate different thickness plates 12 and to compensate for wear of the roller 32. After adjustment, it is locked again. The outer ring of the roller 32 is covered with a layer of cast polyurethane elastomer with a hardness of Shore 85A to ensure that it will not cause pressure or scratches when rolling and contacting the surface of the high-gloss plate 12. A connecting plate 35 is fixed on the side of the connecting frame 3 near the outer shell 2. The connecting plate 35 is fitted on the outer surface of the polishing wheel 22, and a uniform gap is left between the two. A chip collection cover 5 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate 35.

[0061] During the polishing process, the floating plate 26 inside the fixed bracket 23 can slide freely up and down along the two guide rods 24 under the flexible preload applied by the compression spring 28. When local thickness fluctuations occur on the surface of the plate 12 or vibrations occur during equipment operation, the floating plate 26 rapidly attenuates high-frequency chatter through the speed-related damping provided by the micro hydraulic damper 27, ensuring that the cutting depth of the polishing wheel 22 remains uniform. The first corrugated sleeve 25 outside the guide rod 24 and the damper 27 and the second corrugated sleeve 29 outside the compression spring 28 extend and retract synchronously with the movement of the floating plate 26, thus providing continuous polishing for the internal precision components. For sealing and protection, the connecting frame 3 on the bottom of the floating plate 26 is hinged on one side and driven by the cylinder 34 on the other side. The rollers 32 at the four corners of the connecting frame 3 are covered with Shore 85A polyurethane elastomer. Under the combined action of the compression spring 28 and the floating plate 26, they are always in constant pressure against the upper surface of the plate 12 and roll with the shape, providing a stable floating reference without damaging or scratching the processed high-gloss surface. Depending on the thickness of the plate 12 and the wear of the rollers 32, the bolts 33 at the rectangular groove 31 can be loosened, the height of each roller 32 can be finely adjusted vertically, and then tightened to ensure uniform contact between the rollers 32 and the plate 12. The arc-shaped connecting plate 35 on the side of the connecting frame 3 has a uniform gap with the outer surface of the polishing wheel 22 and achieves dynamic follow-up. The chip collection cover 5 fixed at its bottom moves in conjunction with the whole, always enveloping the polishing area to complete efficient follow-up dust collection.

[0062] Reference Figures 7-8 The upper and lower sections of the chip collection hood 5 are made of hard aluminum alloy, while the middle section is a corrugated section of hydrogenated nitrile rubber with an internally embedded spring steel frame, allowing the chip collection hood 5 to flexibly bend with the deflection of the connecting frame 3. The inner wall of the chip collection hood 5 is entirely coated with an antistatic polytetrafluoroethylene non-stick coating to eliminate dust adhesion. Its internal cavity is designed as an asymmetrical logarithmic spiral volute surface, with the airflow inlet converging directly opposite the side of the polishing wheel 22 that pulls upwards for cutting, allowing the dust-laden airflow to... It can smoothly slide along the tangent and against the wall, reducing turbulence loss. In the middle flexible section of the inner cavity of the dust collection hood 5, multiple sets of baffles 51 are arranged in an alternating manner. Specifically, the baffles 51 are fixed to the rigid positioning ring embedded in the inner wall of the rubber corrugated section. The windward side of the baffles 51 is wedge-shaped. When the dust-laden airflow sliding against the wall passes the wedge, boundary layer separation occurs behind it and a micro separation vortex is generated, forming a local high-resistance retention area, which traps the remaining coarse dust particles in the hood and is drawn away by negative pressure.

[0063] The bottom of the chip collection hood 5 is fixed with an annular vent 52. The bottom surface of the vent 52 is densely machined with multiple nozzles 53. The nozzles 53 have an orifice diameter of 0.8mm. The spray direction of the nozzles 53 is at a 30° angle to the vertical plane, and all nozzles 53 spray in the same direction, pointing obliquely to the position directly below the central axis of the polishing wheel 22. The vent 52 is connected to the workshop's 0.6MPa compressed air through a quick-connect connector. The multiple oblique jets sprayed from the nozzles 53 form a conical air curtain that converges towards the center, forcibly blowing the escaping dust towards the negative pressure zone in the center of the chip collection hood 5. A large-diameter dust extraction port is opened at the top of the chip collection hood 5. This dust extraction port is connected to an external vacuum network through a polyurethane corrugated hose reinforced with spiral steel wire. The steel wire skeleton ensures that no collapse or fatigue fracture occurs during continuous reciprocating bending.

[0064] While the polishing operation is underway, the external vacuum network is activated to create a continuous negative pressure suction environment inside the chip collection hood 5. Simultaneously, the air vent 52 is connected to the workshop's 0.6MPa compressed air source via a quick-connect coupling. Compressed air is ejected at high speed from multiple 0.8mm diameter nozzles 53 on the bottom surface. The jet direction of each nozzle 53 is at a 30° angle to the vertical plane and uniformly points obliquely downwards from the central axis of the polishing wheel 22. Multiple jets converge to form a conical air curtain that converges towards the center, effectively trapping the polishing wheel. Dust escaping to the outside is forcibly blown towards the central negative pressure zone of the chip collection hood 5. Under the suction of the negative pressure, the dust-laden airflow generated during polishing slides along the tangent of the asymmetric logarithmic spiral volute surface inside the chip collection hood 5. The airflow inlet converges directly opposite the side of the polishing wheel 22 that is lifting and cutting upwards, allowing the airflow and dust to smoothly enter the hood cavity, significantly reducing turbulent energy loss caused by fluid impact. The antistatic polytetrafluoroethylene non-stick coating on the inner wall of the chip collection hood 5 effectively eliminates the impact of fine dust... The dust accumulation phenomenon caused by static electricity causes the dust-laden airflow to slide at high speed on the wall surface. When the airflow passes through the baffles 51 arranged in a staggered manner in the middle flexible section, the airflow crosses the wedge-shaped windward surface of the baffles 51 and undergoes strong boundary layer separation behind them, generating micro separation vortices and forming a local high-resistance retention area. This forcibly traps any residual coarse dust particles in the airflow that are not directly drawn away by the negative pressure inside the hood, and then completely removes them by continuous negative pressure suction. During this process, the middle section of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber corrugated section of the dust collection hood 5 undergoes flexible bending as the connecting frame 3 deflects. The internally embedded spring steel skeleton ensures that the corrugated section maintains good elastic recovery ability during repeated bending, so that the dust collection hood 5 always tightly envelops the polishing area. The spiral steel wire reinforced polyurethane corrugated hose connected to the large-diameter dust extraction port at the top of the dust collection hood 5, relies on the support of its built-in steel wire skeleton to keep the pipe cross section unobstructed during continuous reciprocating bending operations, preventing collapse or fatigue fracture, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the vacuum suction pipeline.

[0065] The frame 1 is equipped with a flexible cable chain system on its side that follows the linear reciprocating motion of the outer shell 2. The main air supply pipe for the workshop's 0.6MPa compressed air is laid inside the flexible cable chain system and passes through the side of the outer shell 2. The end of the pipe after passing through is connected to a section of high-pressure polyurethane spiral spring hose. The output end of the spiral spring hose is connected to the air inlet of the ventilation cylinder 52 through a quick-connect connector. The spiral extension and retraction elasticity of the spiral spring hose itself is used to absorb the vertical lifting adjustment of the fixed bracket 23 in real time, as well as the dynamic floating deflection displacement of the floating plate 26 and the connecting frame 3 during operation, to ensure the physical continuity and fatigue resistance safety of the high-pressure air supply circuit under the reciprocating motion in three-dimensional space.

[0066] To prevent polishing dust from entering and jamming the rectangular groove 31, the outer wall of the connecting frame 3 corresponding to the rectangular groove 31 is covered with a dustproof silicone gasket with an elastic self-closing slit. The shank of the bolt 33 passes through the slit. When the bolt 33 is tightened, its flange face presses against the dustproof silicone gasket to achieve a static seal at the end face. When the bolt 33 is loosened for height adjustment, the slit of the dustproof silicone gasket allows the bolt 33 to slide up and down by the deformation of the rubber. After adjustment and locking, the elastic force of the rubber material re-attaches and closes the excess hollow opening of the rectangular groove 31, realizing a maintenance-free and jam-proof precision adjustment mechanism.

[0067] A counterweight is also provided between the fixed bracket 23 and the slide groove 4 of the outer shell 2 to counteract the weight of the fixed bracket 23 and the components it supports.

[0068] The implementation principle of a reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to an embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0069] After the plate 12 is adsorbed and fixed onto the vacuum adsorption worktable 11 and the equipment is leveled, the second motor 21 is started to drive the polishing wheel 22 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the first motor 16 drives the outer shell 2 to reciprocate along the guide groove 14 via the adjusting screw 17 and the first slider 18, so as to achieve continuous grinding and polishing of the surface of the plate 12. Before operation, the handwheel 46 is turned by pulling out the handle 47, and the fixed bracket 23 is moved up and down along the slide groove 4 by the disc 45 and the connecting rod 41. The depth of cut of the polishing wheel 22 is precisely set according to the pointer 44 and the scale line 43 and then locked. During the polishing process, the floating plate 26 moves along the guide groove 22 under the combined action of the compression spring 28 and the hydraulic damper 27. The floating rod 24 effectively attenuates high-frequency flutter and maintains constant polishing pressure. The rollers 32 with polyurethane elastomers at the four corners roll against the upper surface of the plate 12 with constant pressure, achieving smooth contact without damaging the high-gloss surface. At the same time, under the negative pressure suction of the external vacuum network, the dust-laden airflow inside the dust collection hood 5 slides smoothly along the logarithmic spiral volute surface and is intercepted by the separation vortex generated by the wedge-shaped baffle 51. The nozzles 53 of the bottom annular vent 52 spray conical air curtains at a 30° angle to the vertical plane, pointing directly below the polishing wheel 22, forcibly blowing the escaped dust into the negative pressure zone of the hood, achieving fully dynamic and efficient dust collection.

[0070] The above are merely optional embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Various modifications and variations can be made to this disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover, characterized in that: Includes a frame (1), the top surface of which is provided with a vacuum adsorption worktable (11), a gantry frame (13) spanning the top surface of the frame (1), a drive structure on the gantry frame (13), a guide groove (14) on the side of the gantry frame (13), and a shell (2) driven by the drive structure is slidably connected in the guide groove (14). The outer casing (2) houses a second motor (21). A main bearing seat is fixed inside the outer casing (2). A main shaft is rotatably connected inside the main bearing seat. A polishing wheel (22) is fixed at the bottom end of the main shaft. The drive shaft of the second motor (21) is connected to the main shaft via a coupling. A fixed bracket (23) is connected to the side of the outer casing (2) via an adjustment structure. A floating plate (26) is connected inside the fixed bracket (23) via a floating structure. A connecting rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the floating plate (26). The top surface of the connecting frame (3) is provided with a cylinder (34) that drives the connecting frame (3) to deflect around the hinge point. The floating plate (26) is provided with a clearance hole. The piston rod of the cylinder (34) passes down through the clearance hole and is hinged to the top surface of the connecting frame (3). The top of the cylinder body of the cylinder (34) is hinged to the floating plate (26) through the upper trunnion. The bottom end of the piston rod of the cylinder (34) is movably hinged to the mounting seat on the top surface of the connecting frame (3) through a ball joint bearing. Rollers (32) are installed at all four ends of the bottom surface of the connecting frame (3). A semi-circular arc-shaped connecting plate (35) is fixed on the side of the connecting frame (3) near the outer shell (2). The arc-shaped connecting plate (35) is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the polishing wheel (22) with a gap. A chip collection cover (5) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate (35). The inner wall of the chip collection hood (5) has an antistatic and non-stick coating. Its internal cavity is an asymmetric logarithmic spiral volute surface. The airflow inlet of the chip collection hood (5) converges at the position opposite to the tangential spiraling side of the grinding tangent of the polishing wheel (22). The chip collection hood (5) is staggered with wedge-shaped baffles (51). The bottom of the chip collection hood (5) is fixed with an air vent (52). The bottom surface of the air vent (52) is provided with several nozzles (53). The side of the frame (1) is provided with a flexible cable chain system. The air inlet of the air vent (52) is connected to a high-pressure hose. The high-pressure hose is located inside the flexible cable chain system.

2. The reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive structure includes a fixed frame (15) fixed on the top surface of the gantry (13). An adjusting screw (17) is provided inside the fixed frame (15). A first motor (16) connected to the adjusting screw (17) is provided on one side of the fixed frame (15) via a coupling. A first slider (18) adapted to the thread of the adjusting screw (17) is slidably provided inside the fixed frame (15). The first slider (18) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (2). Protective plates (19) are fixed between the two sides of the first slider (18) and the inner wall of the fixed frame (15).

3. The reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating structure includes guide rods (24) symmetrically fixed in a fixed bracket (23), a floating plate (26) slidably disposed on the surface of the guide rods (24), and a damper (27) and a compression spring (28) installed between the floating plate (26) and the fixed bracket (23).

4. The reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes a groove (4) on the outer shell (2), a fixed seat (42) that slides and engages with the groove (4) on the surface of the fixed bracket (23), a disc (45) that is rotatably mounted on the outer shell (2), a connecting rod (41) that is between the eccentric part of the disc (45) and the fixed seat (42), a handwheel (46) that is fixed at the center of the disc (45), and a circular hole (48) that is circumferentially arranged on the surface of the outer shell (2) with the rotation axis of the disc (45) as the center. A handle (47) that is slidably mounted on the handwheel (46) and is adapted to be inserted into the circular hole (48). A number of scale lines (43) are provided on the surface of the outer shell (2), and a pointer (44) that points to the scale lines (43) is provided on the fixed seat (42).

5. The reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the connecting frame (3) are provided with rectangular slots (31). The bearing seat of the roller (32) is locked by bolts (33) that pass through the rectangular slots (31). The outer wall of the connecting frame (3) corresponding to the rectangular slots (31) is covered with a dustproof silicone gasket with an elastic self-closing slit. The bolts (33) are set through the slit.

6. The reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower hard sections of the chip collection cover (5) are made of aluminum alloy, and the middle flexible section is a hydrogenated nitrile rubber corrugated section with a spring steel skeleton embedded inside. The baffle (51) is embedded in the hard positioning ring on the inner wall of the rubber corrugated section, and the cross section of the baffle (51) is wedge-shaped.

7. A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the guide rod (24) is fitted with a first corrugated sleeve (25), the damper (27) and the compression spring (28) are arranged coaxially, and the outer surfaces of both are fitted with a second corrugated sleeve (29).

8. A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (53) has an orifice diameter of 0.8 mm, and the spray direction of the nozzle (53) forms a 30° angle with the vertical plane.

9. A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 8, characterized in that: The large-diameter dust extraction port of the chip collection hood (5) is connected to the external vacuum network through a polyurethane corrugated hose reinforced with spiral steel wire.

10. A reciprocating surface polishing machine for sheet metal with an integrated follow-up dustproof and chip collection cover according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support feet at the bottom of the frame (1) include casters and adjustable anchor bolts, with shock-absorbing rubber fixed to the bottom of the anchor bolts.

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