High-stability extruder for plastic processing
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611308665.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-25
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本发明的目的在于提供一种塑料加工用高稳定挤出机，以解决上述背景技术提出的问题，本发明技术方案针对现有技术解决方案过于单一的技术问题，提供了显著不同于现有技术的解决方案
1、该发明，设置有阻隔板、破碎箱、拉动板、连接杆、转动杆、破碎叶片和挡板；通过入料斗内的倾斜阻隔板搭配筛分过滤网实现物料的筛分，合格塑料颗粒可直接穿过滤网向下掉落，结块团料沿斜面滑入破碎箱内，通过破碎叶片与错位挡板相互剪切、撞击完成打散处理，打散的塑料颗粒穿过破碎箱底部随合格塑料颗粒一同掉落，避免大块团料直接涌入输送筒，有效避免搭桥堵料情况的出现，让塑化过程更加平稳，同时电动推杆带动拉动板往复上下移动，拉动板移动带动连接杆上下移动，进而带动两组阻隔板一端上下摆动，使阻隔板形成持续抖动效果，可有效防止塑料颗粒粘连、堆积在筛分过滤网表面，大幅提升筛分效率，保证进料筛分连续、稳定、不堵料。
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Figure CN122808092A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic processing technology, specifically to a high-stability extruder for plastic processing. Background Technology
[0002] Plastic extruders are core equipment for continuous thermoplastic molding and processing, widely used in pipes, sheets, profiles, films, cable coating, and modified granulation. Their basic working principle involves feeding plastic granules into the barrel through a hopper. Under the combined action of the rotating screw and barrel heating, solid conveying and compaction / melting are completed sequentially, ultimately resulting in continuous extrusion molding through a die. Single-screw extruders, with their simple structure and wide adaptability, have become the mainstream model for general plastic processing.
[0003] However, the plastic granules used in production are prone to agglomerating into lumps. If these lumps enter the barrel directly, they can cause problems such as bridging in the hopper and intermittent feeding. If they fall into the barrel, they may lead to large fluctuations in screw load and increased vibration of the entire machine. At the same time, the lumps may contain metal shavings and hard impurities. These impurities will enter the barrel with the material, potentially scratching the screw and the inner wall of the barrel, causing unilateral wear, widening of clearances, and significantly shortening the life of core components.
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative designs are urgently needed based on existing approaches. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly stable extruder for plastic processing to solve the problems mentioned in the background. The technical solution of this invention addresses the problem that the existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-stability extruder for plastic processing, comprising a device base, a power output module mounted on the top of the device base, a conveying cylinder mounted on the output end of the power output module, a feeding channel mounted on the top of the end of the conveying cylinder near the device base, a feeding hopper mounted on the top of the feeding channel, an extrusion die mounted on the end of the conveying cylinder away from the device base, a material distribution and crushing mechanism mounted in the feeding hopper, and an adsorption mechanism mounted in the feeding channel; The material crushing mechanism includes a baffle plate rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper. A crushing box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the feed hopper. The end of the baffle plate away from the rotation point extends to the top inlet of the crushing box and is arranged in an inclined manner. A pull plate is provided above the crushing box. Connecting rods are rotatably connected to the four corners of the pull plate. The end of the connecting rod away from the pull plate is rotatably connected to the side end of the baffle plate. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the crushing box. Crushing blades are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod. Baffles are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the crushing box.
[0007] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a rotating cylinder rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed channel. One end of the rotating cylinder extends out of the feed channel through a connecting shaft and is fixedly connected to a gear. A fixed shaft is fixedly connected inside the rotating cylinder to the inner wall of the feed channel. A magnetic block is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft. A guide groove is provided below the rotating cylinder. Discharge grooves are installed on both sides of the outer periphery of the feed channel corresponding to the guide groove positions. The guide grooves are connected to the discharge grooves.
[0008] Preferably, the barrier plate is provided in two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the crushing box. The surface of the barrier plate is provided with a through groove, and a screening filter screen is installed in the through groove.
[0009] Preferably, several sets of crushing blades are arranged laterally on the surface of the rotating rod, and several sets of baffles are arranged laterally on the inner walls of both sides of the crushing box corresponding to the crushing blades, and are staggered with the position of the crushing blades. The rotating rod is driven by a drive motor installed on the side of the feed hopper, and a notch is opened at the bottom of the crushing box, with the notch facing the outer surface of the rotating drum.
[0010] Preferably, an installation plate is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top of the feed hopper, and an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the installation plate. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the installation plate and is connected to the top of the pull plate.
[0011] Preferably, two sets of rotating drums are arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the feed channel. The gears installed on the side ends of the two sets of rotating drums mesh with each other, and the two sets of rotating drums rotate in opposite directions.
[0012] Preferably, the magnetic blocks are arranged in a semi-circular shape, and several groups of magnetic blocks are arranged laterally at equal intervals on the surface of the fixed shaft and facing the inner side of the feed channel. The magnetic blocks are permanent magnets, and the outer surface of the magnetic blocks is close to the inner wall of the rotating drum.
[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the rotating drum is fixedly connected with protrusions, and six sets of protrusions are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the rotating drum. A receiving groove is opened on the inner wall of the feed channel on the side of the rotating drum that is far away from each other. A striking rod is slidably limited in the receiving groove. A spring is fixedly connected to the back end of the striking rod, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove.
[0014] Preferably, a spiral extrusion rod is installed inside the conveying cylinder, the spiral extrusion rod is driven by a power output module, a controller is installed on one side of the device base, and a heating module is installed on the surface of the middle section of the conveying cylinder.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention comprises a baffle plate, a crushing box, a pulling plate, a connecting rod, a rotating rod, crushing blades, and baffles. Material screening is achieved through the inclined baffle plate in the feed hopper combined with a screening filter. Qualified plastic particles can directly pass through the filter and fall downwards, while lumps slide down the inclined surface into the crushing box. The crushing blades and the staggered baffles shear and impact each other to break them up. The broken plastic particles pass through the bottom of the crushing box and fall down with the qualified plastic particles, preventing large lumps from directly entering the conveyor cylinder and effectively avoiding bridging and clogging. This makes the plasticizing process more stable. Simultaneously, the electric push rod drives the pulling plate to move up and down reciprocally. The movement of the pulling plate drives the connecting rod to move up and down, which in turn causes one end of the two sets of baffle plates to swing up and down, creating a continuous shaking effect. This effectively prevents plastic particles from sticking and accumulating on the screening filter surface, significantly improving screening efficiency and ensuring continuous, stable, and non-clogging feeding and screening.
[0016] 2. This invention includes a rotating drum, gears, a fixed shaft, magnetic blocks, a discharge chute, protrusions, and a striking rod. After the agglomerated material is crushed and dispersed, the metal fragments originally wrapped inside the agglomerated plastic are completely exposed. The dispersed particles enter the feed channel and are spread out in sections by the opposing rotating drum and the protrusions on the drum surface. Metal impurities such as iron filings and steel slag mixed in with the plastic particles can be adsorbed and separated by the magnetic blocks set inside the rotating drum and adhered to the outer wall of the rotating drum. They fall into the discharge chute and are discharged in a concentrated manner as the rotating drum rotates. This greatly reduces the amount of hard metal entering the conveying drum with the plastic particles, avoids metal particles scratching the screw and the inner wall of the barrel, prevents the screw clearance from increasing, and extends the service life of the core components of the extruder. At the same time, when the rotating drum rotates, the protrusions squeeze the end of the striking rod, and with the reset action of the spring, the striking rod reciprocates to strike the outer wall of the rotating drum to generate vibration, preventing metal waste from adhering to the rotating drum surface and improving the adsorption effect. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding channel and feeding hopper of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating drum and gear structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed shaft and magnetic block structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the internal structure of the crushing chamber of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the barrier plate, pull plate, and connecting rod structure of the present invention.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Device base; 2. Power output module; 3. Conveying cylinder; 4. Feed channel; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Extrusion die; 71. Baffle plate; 72. Crushing box; 73. Pulling plate; 74. Connecting rod; 75. Rotating rod; 76. Crushing blade; 77. Baffle; 81. Rotating drum; 82. Gear; 83. Fixed shaft; 84. Magnetic block; 85. Discharge chute; 9. Screening filter screen; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Protrusion; 12. Striking rod; 13. Spiral extrusion rod; 14. Controller; 15. Heating module. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-stability extruder for plastic processing, comprising a device base 1, a power output module 2 mounted on the top of the device base 1, a conveying cylinder 3 mounted on the output end of the power output module 2, a feeding channel 4 mounted on the top of the end of the conveying cylinder 3 near the device base 1, a feeding hopper 5 mounted on the top of the feeding channel 4, an extrusion die head 6 mounted on the end of the conveying cylinder 3 away from the device base 1, a material distribution and crushing mechanism mounted in the feeding hopper 5, an adsorption mechanism mounted in the feeding channel 4, a spiral extrusion rod 13 mounted in the conveying cylinder 3, the spiral extrusion rod 13 being driven by the power output module 2, a controller 14 mounted on one side of the device base 1, and a heating module 15 mounted on the surface of the middle section of the conveying cylinder 3; The material crushing mechanism includes a baffle plate 71 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper 5. A crushing box 72 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the feed hopper 5. The end of the baffle plate 71 away from the rotation point extends to the top inlet of the crushing box 72 and is inclined. Two sets of baffle plates 71 are provided. The two sets of baffle plates 71 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the crushing box 72. A through groove is opened on the surface of the baffle plate 71, and a screening filter screen 9 is installed in the through groove. A pull plate 73 is provided in the upper area of the crushing box 72. Connecting rods 74 are rotatably connected to the four corners of the pull plate 73. The end of the connecting rod 74 away from the pull plate 73 is rotatably connected to the side end of the baffle plate 71. A rotating rod 75 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the crushing box 72. Crushing blades 76 are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod 75. Baffles 77 are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the crushing box 72. An installation plate 10 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top of the feed hopper 5. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the installation plate 10. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the installation plate 10 and is connected to the top of the pull plate 73. The electric push rod continuously drives the pull plate 73 to move up and down reciprocally. The pull plate 73 pulls the end of the barrier plate 71 through the connecting rod 74 at the four corners, causing one end of the two sets of barrier plates 71 to swing up and down, so that the barrier plate 71 forms a continuous shaking effect. Driven by the motor, the rotating rod 75 and the crushing blade 76 rotate inside the crushing box 72. The crushing blade 76 continuously impacts the incoming agglomerated plastic particles. In conjunction with the baffles 77 staggered on both sides of the crushing box 72, they form an interlaced shearing gap with the rotating blades, completely breaking down the agglomerated material of different sizes into single particles. The broken plastic particles are discharged from the bottom notch of the crushing box 72. Several sets of crushing blades 76 are arranged laterally on the surface of the rotating rod 75. Several sets of baffles 77 are arranged laterally on the inner walls of both sides of the crushing box 72, corresponding to the crushing blades 76, and are staggered from the crushing blades 76. The rotating rod 75 is driven by a drive motor installed on the side of the feed hopper 5. A notch is opened at the bottom of the crushing box 72, and the notch faces the outer surface of the rotating drum 81.
[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption mechanism includes a rotating cylinder 81 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed channel 4. One end of the rotating cylinder 81 extends out of the feed channel 4 via a connecting shaft and is fixedly connected to a gear 82. A fixed shaft 83 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed channel 4 inside the rotating cylinder 81. A magnetic block 84 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft 83. A guide groove is provided below the rotating cylinder 81. Discharge grooves 85 are installed on both sides of the outer periphery of the feed channel 4 corresponding to the guide groove positions. The guide groove and the discharge groove 85 are connected. Protrusions 11 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 81. Six sets of protrusions 11 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 81. A receiving groove is provided on the inner wall of the feeding channel 4 on the side away from the material. A striking rod 12 is slidably limited in the receiving groove. A spring is fixedly connected to the back end of the striking rod 12. The other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. The magnetic block 84 is semi-circular. Several sets of magnetic blocks 84 are arranged laterally and equidistantly on the surface of the fixed shaft 83 and are arranged facing the inner side of the feeding channel 4. The magnetic block 84 is a permanent magnet. The outer surface of the magnetic block 84 is close to the inner wall of the rotating drum 81. Two sets of rotating drums 81 are arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the feeding channel 4. The teeth of the gears 82 installed on the side ends of the two sets of rotating drums 81 mesh with each other. When the two sets of rotating drums 81 rotate, their rotation direction is relative rotation. Two sets of rotating drums 81 rotate relative to each other through the meshing of end gears 82. The surface of the rotating drum 81 is uniformly provided with protrusions 11, which continuously agitate the falling plastic particles during rotation, causing the plastic particles to disperse. At the same time, the rotating drum 81 is provided with multiple sets of magnetic blocks 84 through a fixed shaft 83. The magnetic blocks 84 form a stable adsorption magnetic field on the side facing the falling plastic particles. When the plastic particles pass through, the iron filings, steel slag and other metal impurities mixed in the plastic particles are adsorbed onto the outer wall of the rotating drum 81.
[0022] Working Principle: During operation, the extruder feeds plastic granules from the top of the feed hopper 5. The granules first fall onto the inclined baffle plates 71 on both sides of the feed hopper 5. The surface of the baffle plates 71 is equipped with a screening filter screen 9. As the plastic granules slide down the baffle plates 71, they are screened. Granules with a suitable diameter can pass directly through the screen holes and fall below the baffle plates 71. Agglomerated or lumpy materials cannot pass through the screen holes and remain on the surface of the baffle plates 71, eventually falling into the crushing box 72. Simultaneously, the electric push rod at the top of the feed hopper 5 continuously drives the pulling plate 73 to move up and down reciprocally. The pulling plate 73, through connecting rods 74 at the four corners, pulls the ends of the baffle plates 71, causing one end of the two sets of baffle plates 71 to swing up and down. The baffle plate 71 creates a continuous shaking effect, which can effectively prevent plastic particles on the surface of the baffle plate 71 from sticking and accumulating, avoid screen blockage, and at the same time accelerate the screening speed of qualified materials. It causes the agglomerated materials to slide quickly along the inclined plate surface to the middle area and fall into the crushing box 72 below. At this time, under the drive of the drive motor, the rotating rod 75 and the crushing blade 76 rotate. The crushing blade 76 continuously impacts the entering agglomerated plastic particles. With the baffles 77 arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the crushing box 72, it forms an interlaced shearing gap with the rotating blade, completely breaking the agglomerated materials of different sizes into single particles. The broken plastic particles are discharged from the bottom notch of the crushing box 72, merge with qualified materials, and enter the feed channel 4 below.
[0023] After the material enters the feeding channel 4, it falls onto the surface of the oppositely arranged rotating drum 81. The two sets of rotating drums 81 rotate relative to each other through the meshing of the end gears 82. The surface of the rotating drum 81 is uniformly provided with protrusions 11, which continuously agitate the falling plastic particles during rotation, causing the plastic particles to disperse. At the same time, the rotating drum 81 is equipped with multiple sets of magnetic blocks 84 through the fixed shaft 83. The magnetic blocks 84 form a stable adsorption magnetic field on the side facing the falling plastic particles. When the plastic particles pass through, the metal impurities such as iron filings and steel slag mixed in the plastic particles are adsorbed onto the outer wall of the rotating drum 81. As the rotating drum 81 continues to rotate, the surface of the rotating drum 81 that adsorbs the metal rotates to the non-magnetic adsorption area. At this time, the magnetic force disappears, and the metal impurities automatically fall off and fall into the discharge trough 85 through the guide groove for centralized discharge. At the same time, during the rotation of the rotating drum 81, the protrusions 11 on its surface intermittently push the striking rod 12, which, together with the spring, reciprocates to strike the outer wall of the rotating drum 81 to generate vibration, preventing the adsorbed metal impurities from adhering to the outer wall of the rotating drum 81 and ensuring smooth material discharge.
[0024] After impurity removal, the plastic granules enter the conveying cylinder 3. The power output module 2 drives the screw extrusion rod 13 to convey and extrude the plastic granules. Under the heating of the heating module 15 and the shearing action of the screw, the granules are melted and plasticized. Finally, they are extruded by the extrusion die 6 to form a continuous and stable plastic extrusion process.
[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing, comprising a device base (1), characterized in that: A power output module (2) is installed on the top of the device base (1). A conveying cylinder (3) is installed at the output end of the power output module (2). A feeding channel (4) is installed on the top of the end of the conveying cylinder (3) close to the device base (1). A feeding hopper (5) is installed on the top of the feeding channel (4). An extrusion die (6) is installed on the end of the conveying cylinder (3) away from the device base (1). A material distribution and crushing mechanism is installed in the feeding hopper (5). An adsorption mechanism is installed in the feeding channel (4). The material crushing mechanism includes a baffle plate (71) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper (5). A crushing box (72) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the feed hopper (5). The end of the baffle plate (71) away from the rotation point extends to the top entrance of the crushing box (72) and is set in an inclined position. A pull plate (73) is provided in the upper area of the crushing box (72). A connecting rod (74) is rotatably connected to the four corners of the pull plate (73). The end of the connecting rod (74) away from the pull plate (73) is rotatably connected to the side end of the baffle plate (71). A rotating rod (75) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle area of the crushing box (72). A crushing blade (76) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (75). Baffles (77) are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the crushing box (72).
2. The high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism includes a rotating cylinder (81) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed channel (4). One end of the rotating cylinder (81) extends out of the feed channel (4) through a connecting shaft and is fixedly connected to a gear (82). A fixed shaft (83) is fixedly connected inside the rotating cylinder (81) on the inner wall of the feed channel (4). A magnetic block (84) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft (83). A guide groove is provided below the rotating cylinder (81). Discharge grooves (85) are installed on both sides of the feed channel (4) corresponding to the guide groove positions. The guide groove and the discharge groove (85) are connected.
3. The high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier plate (71) is provided in two sets. The two sets of barrier plates (71) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the crushing box (72). The surface of the barrier plate (71) is provided with a through groove, and a screening filter screen (9) is installed in the through groove.
4. The high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing blades (76) are arranged in several groups on the surface of the rotating rod (75). The baffles (77) are arranged in several groups on the inner walls of both sides of the crushing box (72) corresponding to the crushing blades (76), and are staggered from the crushing blades (76). The rotating rod (75) is driven by a drive motor installed on the side of the feed hopper (5). The bottom of the crushing box (72) has a notch facing the outer surface of the rotating drum (81).
5. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation plate (10) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the feed hopper (5). An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the installation plate (10). The output end of the electric push rod passes through the installation plate (10) and is connected to the top of the pull plate (73).
6. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating drum (81) is located on the inner wall of the feed channel (4) with two sets of gears (82) installed on the side ends of the two sets of rotating drums (81) meshing with each other. When the two sets of rotating drums (81) rotate, their rotation direction is relative rotation.
7. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic block (84) is semi-circular. Several groups of magnetic blocks (84) are arranged horizontally and equidistantly on the surface of the fixed shaft (83) and are arranged facing the inside of the feed channel (4). The magnetic block (84) is a permanent magnet. The outer surface of the magnetic block (84) is close to the inner wall of the rotating drum (81).
8. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rotating drum (81) is fixedly connected with a protrusion (11). Six sets of protrusions (11) are evenly arranged around the outer surface of the rotating drum (81). A receiving groove is opened on the inner wall of the feed channel (4) on the side of the rotating drum (81) that is far away from each other. A striking rod (12) is slidably limited in the receiving groove. A spring is fixedly connected to the back end of the striking rod (12), and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove.
9. A high-stability extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying cylinder (3) is equipped with a spiral extrusion rod (13), which is driven by a power output module (2). A controller (14) is installed on one side of the device base (1), and a heating module (15) is installed on the surface of the middle section of the conveying cylinder (3).