An automatic mold changing molding apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of plastic foaming forming equipment, and discloses an automatic mold changing forming device, which comprises a rack, a fixed mold plate, a movable mold plate, a plurality of guide columns, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a mold changing sliding table system and a material bucket. The mold changing sliding table system is arranged opposite to the gap opening between the guide columns, the translational bearing vehicle drives the forming mold to enter and exit the mold closing space laterally along the horizontal track, so that the loading and unloading of the forming mold are prevented from being interfered by the space of the plurality of guide columns; the automatic compression, surface contact bearing and energy interruption self-locking of the forming mold are completed by the gas-liquid booster cylinder, the locking pressure block and the anti-falling mechanical self-locking assembly; the distributed feeding, feeding port sealing and pipeline automatic butt joint are completed by the discharge port, the feeding hard pipe, the floating connection structure, the end face sealing structure, the horizontal gas pressure type material gate, the one-way pressure self-closing valve and the fluid medium automatic quick insertion system, so as to reduce the mold changing waiting time, the uneven distribution of raw materials, the pipeline air leakage and the fluid leakage risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic foam molding equipment technology, specifically to an automatic mold changing molding device. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic foam molding equipment typically uses a fixed mold plate, a moving mold plate, multiple guide pillars, and hydraulic cylinders to complete the mold opening and closing actions. Within the mold closing space, the mold undergoes material feeding, steam heating, cooling and shaping, vacuum dehydration, and demolding. Large foam molding molds are heavy and have large dimensions. Traditional molding equipment usually requires vertical lifting and hoisting from above when changing molds. Multiple guide pillars are distributed around the mold closing space, and the mold is prone to spatial interference from these pillars during hoisting and movement. The mold adjustment process requires repeated alignment, and the mold changing process is time-consuming. Manual handling and hoisting also pose a risk of collision.

[0003] When changing molds in traditional molding equipment, the molds are often fixed between the fixed and moving mold plates by manual bolt tightening. Operators need to disassemble and reassemble the locking parts one by one, which easily leads to concentrated stress on the edges of the mold and poor consistency of locking force. Steam, cooling water, vacuum, and compressed air pipelines also need to be connected manually one by one. There are many connection points, and the connection process takes a long time. Under the alternating steam and cooling water operating conditions, the connections are prone to loosening and leakage. After the mold loses fluid pressure, the locking parts lack a mechanical retaining structure in the power-off state, and the mold is at risk of loosening and falling in the mold closing space.

[0004] When plastic foam raw materials enter large molding dies, single-point feeding can easily lead to uneven material distribution in different areas of the molding cavity. When there is an assembly coordinate deviation between the feeding rigid pipe and the mold inlet, the lower end of the feeding rigid pipe and the mold inlet are prone to end-face uneven loading and rigid collision. Traditional material gate structures have rotating shaft components or structural dead corners inside the feeding rigid pipe, causing foamed plastic raw materials to easily accumulate and stagnate inside the pipeline, affecting the stability of material feeding. When small molding dies are installed in larger molding equipment, the dimensions of the moving and fixed mold plates do not match the fixed coordinates on the back of the small molding die. The interface coordinates of the main steam pipeline, cooling water pipeline, vacuum pipeline, and compressed air pipeline are also difficult to directly correspond to the fluid input interface of the small molding die, increasing the difficulty of mold changing and pipeline connection when the same molding equipment is compatible with different mold sizes.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes an automatic mold-changing forming device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic mold-changing molding device that solves the problems of mold interference from multiple guide pillars, time-consuming manual locking and manual pipeline connection, uneven locking force on the mold, lack of mechanical self-locking in the power-off state, uneven distribution of plastic foaming raw materials, and air leakage caused by misalignment between the feeding tube and the mold inlet during the mold changing process in existing plastic foaming molding equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an automatic mold-changing forming device, including a frame, a fixed mold plate, a moving mold plate, multiple guide pillars, a hydraulic cylinder, a mold-changing slide system, and a material hopper. The fixed mold plate is vertically fixedly installed at the first end of the frame. Multiple guide pillars are arranged horizontally inside the frame, with the guide pillars parallel to each other. The first end of each guide pillar is fixedly connected to the fixed mold plate, and the second end is fixedly connected to the second end of the frame. The moving mold plate has through-holes for the guide pillars, allowing it to slide and fit over the outer side of the guide pillars. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the second end of the frame, with its push rod output end fixedly connected to the surface of the moving mold plate away from the fixed mold plate. A guide pillar gap opening is provided on the side of the frame, located between two adjacent guide pillars arranged vertically.

[0008] The mold-changing slide system is located outside the machine frame, directly opposite the guide post gap opening. The system includes a horizontal track and a translating carriage. The horizontal track extends perpendicular to the axial direction of the multiple guide posts. One end of the horizontal track is fixed to the outside of the machine frame, and the second end passes through the guide post gap opening and extends to below the bottom edge of the mold-closing space between the moving and fixed mold plates. The translating carriage is slidably mounted above the horizontal track. The carriage carries the molding die through the guide post gap opening into and out of the mold-closing space.

[0009] A first locking mounting area is provided on the surface edge of the moving template facing the mold closing space, and a second locking mounting area is provided on the surface edge of the fixed template facing the mold closing space. Multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders are arrayed within both the first and second locking mounting areas. The cylinder body of each pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder is vertically fixed to the surface of either the moving or fixed template. A locking block is connected to the output end of the push rod of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder. An outwardly extending fixed flange edge is provided on the outer periphery of the back of the molding die. The action of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder drives the locking block to extend towards the edge of the back plate of the molding die, forcing the pressing end of the locking block to tightly fit and rigidly press against the fixed flange edge.

[0010] The automatic mold-changing forming device has a fall-prevention mechanical self-locking assembly installed on the outside of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder. This assembly includes a guide sleeve, a self-locking pin, and a mechanical spring. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the surface of either the moving or fixed mold plate. The self-locking pin is slidably fitted inside the guide sleeve in a direction perpendicular to the axis of movement of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. The mechanical spring is supported inside the guide sleeve and applies an extensional force to the self-locking pin in the direction of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. The push rod sidewall of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder has a continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove assembly. When the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder pushes the locking block to press against the forming mold, the mechanical spring releases its force, pushing the end of the self-locking pin to slide into the continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove assembly, thus forcibly preventing the push rod of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder from retracting under pressure loss conditions.

[0011] A material hopper is fixedly mounted on the top of the frame. Multiple discharge ports are arrayed at the bottom of the hopper. Each discharge port is connected to a feed tube directly below it. These feed tubes pass through the top of the frame and extend downwards to above the mold closing space. Each feed tube is independently equipped with a drive cylinder. The drive cylinders are vertically fixed below the top of the frame. A horizontally arranged lifting drive plate is fixedly connected to the end of the output push rod of each drive cylinder.

[0012] The lifting drive plate is mechanically connected to the connecting flange on the outside of the feeding rigid pipe. The lower end opening of the feeding rigid pipe extends outward to form a sealing flange end face. A sealing groove with an embedded elastic sealing ring is opened on the sealing flange end face. The drive cylinder moves the feeding rigid pipe downward, forcing the elastic sealing ring to press against the mating end face of the forming mold, forming a closed-loop physical fluid isolation structure.

[0013] A horizontal pneumatic material gate is installed in the middle of the feeding rigid pipe. A strip-shaped slot is formed horizontally on the side wall of the feeding rigid pipe's outer casing. The horizontal pneumatic material gate includes a horizontally placed flat gate plate and a horizontal guide bracket fixed to the outside of the feeding rigid pipe. The two side edges of the flat gate plate are slidably fitted inside the horizontal guide bracket. The horizontal pneumatic material gate also includes a pneumatic actuator cylinder horizontally fixed to the outside of the feeding rigid pipe. The output end of the pneumatic actuator cylinder is connected to a pneumatic guide column.

[0014] The end of the pneumatic guide column is fixedly connected to the first end of the flat gate. When the pneumatic actuator cylinder moves, causing the pneumatic guide column to retract outward, the pneumatic guide column pulls the flat gate to withdraw the feeding rigid tube, making the interior of the feeding rigid tube open from top to bottom. When the pneumatic actuator cylinder moves, driving the pneumatic guide column to extend inward, the pneumatic guide column pushes the flat gate through the strip slot and inserts it laterally into the interior of the feeding rigid tube, and the surface of the flat gate horizontally closes the internal cross-section of the feeding rigid tube.

[0015] The automatic mold-changing forming device has detachable support plates installed on the surfaces of both the moving and fixed mold plates. The support plates are hollow plates with a rectangular through-hole in the central area. The outer edges of the support plates extend outward to form an outer locking boundary, while the edges of the internal holes extend inward to form an inner mounting boundary.

[0016] After the small forming mold is moved and placed above the support plate, the locking blocks press against the outer locking boundary of the support plate, pressing and fixing the support plate and the small forming mold to the surfaces of the moving and fixed templates. The inner mounting boundary surface of the support plate is designed as a flat metal pressure-bearing support surface. The small mounting flange of the small forming mold is parallel and fitted to the metal pressure-bearing support surface of the support plate. Multiple fastening blocks are arranged symmetrically in an array along the outer contour of the small mounting flange. Tightening the fastening bolts causes the fastening blocks to press the small mounting flange downward.

[0017] Multiple first transition flange interfaces and multiple fluid quick-connect male connectors are fixedly arranged on the outer boundary area of ​​the support plate. Multiple second transition flange interfaces are fixedly arranged on the inner installation boundary area of ​​the support plate. The multiple fluid quick-connect male connectors and the multiple second transition flange interfaces are physically connected through rigid transition pipes. Multiple fluid quick-connect female connectors are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the moving template and the fixed template facing the mold closing space. Inside the fluid quick-connect female connector, a plug-in drive cylinder and a movable plug-in sleeve are arranged horizontally. The output end of the plug-in drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plug-in sleeve.

[0018] The inner wall of the movable plug-in sleeve has two annular mounting grooves, and high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings are embedded and fixed inside the two annular mounting grooves. The plug-in drive cylinder pushes the movable plug-in sleeve to extend outward in a horizontal straight line. The internal diameter of the movable plug-in sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the corresponding fluid quick-connect male connector, and the high-temperature fluororubber sealing rings are tightly fitted to the outer cylindrical surface of the fluid quick-connect male connector. The working air inlet port of the plug-in drive cylinder inside the fluid quick-connect female connector is physically connected to the constant pressure air source pipeline on the frame. The constant pressure air source pipeline continuously inputs compressed air into the internal air inlet chamber of the plug-in drive cylinder, generating a constant outward physical thrust. The value of the constant outward physical thrust is greater than the reverse separation thrust generated by the fluid medium acting on the pressure-bearing end face inside the movable plug-in sleeve.

[0019] This invention provides an automatic mold-changing forming device. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the cooperation of a frame, fixed template, moving template, multiple guide pillars, hydraulic cylinders, guide pillar gap openings, mold changing slide system, translational support vehicle, and top platform, enables the molding die to enter and exit the mold closing space along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the multiple guide pillars through the guide pillar gap openings. This avoids spatial interference from the multiple guide pillars during the loading and unloading of the molding die, reduces the risk of physical collision between the vertical lifting and hoisting action and the multiple guide pillars, and shortens the molding die replacement time.

[0020] 2. This invention, through the cooperation of a first locking installation area, a second locking installation area, multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders, a locking block, a fixed flange edge, a force-bearing pressing surface, a pressure-bearing plane, a limiting shoulder, and a fall-prevention mechanical self-locking assembly, enables the molding die to achieve surface contact pressing and horizontal limiting between the moving and fixed templates. In the event of power failure or gas failure, the self-locking pin and the continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group form a rigid physical barrier boundary, reducing the risk of local force damage and pressure loss falling at the edge of the molding die.

[0021] 3. This invention, through the combination of a material bucket, 44 discharge ports, 44 feeding rigid pipes, a floating connection structure, an end-face sealing structure, a horizontal pneumatic material gate, a one-way pressure self-closing valve, an automatic fluid medium quick-connection system, and a pressure compensation structure, enables the plastic foaming raw material to uniformly enter the molding cavity in a multi-channel dot matrix feeding matrix. At the same time, it completes the automatic sealing connection between the feeding rigid pipe and the molding die inlet, and between the fluid quick-connection female and the fluid quick-connection male, reducing raw material accumulation, pipeline air leakage, and fluid leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Fixed template; 3. Moving template; 4. Guide column; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Mold changing slide system; 7. Horizontal transport vehicle; 8. Top platform; and 9. Material bucket. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See attached document Figure 1 and attached Figure 2The present invention provides an automatic mold changing forming device, including a frame 1, a fixed template 2, a moving template 3, multiple guide pillars 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a mold changing slide system 6, and a material hopper 9.

[0027] The fixed template 2 is vertically fixedly installed at the first end of the frame 1. Multiple guide columns 4 are arranged horizontally inside the frame 1. The multiple guide columns 4 are distributed parallel to each other. The first end of the multiple guide columns 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed template 2, and the second end of the multiple guide columns 4 is fixedly connected to the second end of the frame 1.

[0028] The moving template 3 has multiple guide post holes. The moving template 3 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the multiple guide posts 4 through the multiple guide post holes. The fixed template 2 is opposite to and parallel to the moving template 3. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly installed at the second end of the frame 1. The push rod output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the moving template 3 away from the fixed template 2. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving template 3 to slide towards the fixed template 2 along the axial direction of the multiple guide posts 4, or the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving template 3 to slide away from the fixed template 2 along the axial direction of the multiple guide posts 4.

[0029] After the moving template 3 slides into position toward the fixed template 2, a mold-closing space is formed between the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2. The forming mold is accommodated in the mold-closing space. The forming mold is composed of a two-piece mold with a built-in air frame. The forming mold includes a first half mold and a second half mold. When the first half mold and the second half mold are closed and fitted together, they form an internal forming cavity. A mold changing slide system 6 is provided on the bottom side of the frame 1. The forming mold is supported on the top of the mold changing slide system 6. The mold changing slide system 6 pushes the forming mold from outside the frame 1 into the mold-closing space or moves the forming mold out of the frame 1 along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the multiple guide pillars 4.

[0030] The molding die is horizontally transported from the side of the frame 1 by the mold changing slide system 6, avoiding spatial interference from multiple guide pillars 4 during the loading and unloading of the molding die.

[0031] The maximum mold size of the molding die is set to 1500×1300 mm or 1850×1600 mm. A material tank 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. The internal volume of the material tank 9 is 420 liters. There are 44 discharge ports evenly distributed on the bottom of the material tank 9. The 44 discharge ports are arranged above the mold closing space. After the moving platen 3 and the fixed platen 2 are closed and locked, the 44 discharge ports convey plastic foaming raw materials into the cavity of the molding die. The maximum speed of the moving platen 3 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 5 is limited to 200 mm per second. The moving platen 3 slides back and forth along multiple guide pillars 4 to complete the mold opening and closing actions of the molding die. The basic operating space structure of the automatic mold changing molding device is constructed in conjunction with the mold changing slide system 6.

[0032] A demolding ejection mechanism is fixedly installed on the side of the moving mold plate 3 facing away from the mold closing space. The demolding ejection mechanism includes a horizontally arranged ejection cylinder and an ejector plate. The output push rod of the ejection cylinder passes through the moving mold plate 3 and is mechanically connected to the ejector plate. The linear displacement direction of the ejector plate is parallel to the axial direction of the multiple guide pillars 4.

[0033] The side of the frame 1 is provided with a guide post gap opening, which is located between two adjacent guide posts 4 arranged vertically. The mold changing slide system 6 is located outside the frame 1 and is arranged directly opposite the guide post gap opening.

[0034] The mold changing slide system 6 includes a horizontal track and a translational support vehicle 7. The horizontal track extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the multiple guide pillars 4. The first end of the horizontal track is fixed to the outside of the frame 1, and the second end of the horizontal track passes through the gap opening of the guide pillars and extends to the bottom edge of the mold closing space between the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2, so as to completely avoid the vertical gravity drop path of the molded product. The translational support vehicle 7 is slidably assembled above the horizontal track, and the molding die is supported on the top platform 8 of the translational support vehicle 7.

[0035] The translational carrier 7 is equipped with a platform lifting cylinder assembly. The top platform 8, driven by the platform lifting cylinder assembly, has a fine degree of freedom for vertical lifting and lowering. When conveying the molding die, the top platform 8 is in a raised, load-bearing state.

[0036] The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving template 3 to slide backward along multiple guide pillars 4 to the maximum stroke end. The moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 are exposed to form the maximum mold closing space. The translation carrier 7 moves along the horizontal track into the machine frame 1. The translation carrier 7 carries the forming mold through the gap opening of the guide pillars. The translation carrier 7 transports the forming mold and stops it in the center position inside the maximum mold closing space. After the translation carrier 7 stops, the first side of the forming mold is parallel to the moving template 3 and the second side of the forming mold is parallel to the fixed template 2.

[0037] When the molding mold is removed, the translation carrier 7 moves in the opposite direction to the outside of the frame 1 along the horizontal track. The translation carrier 7 carries the molding mold away from the maximum mold closing space. The molding mold moves to the outside of the frame 1 through the gap opening of the guide column. The molding mold's horizontal straight entry and exit path set by the aforementioned structure solves the technical problem of physical collision interference between the vertical lifting and hoisting action of the molding mold and the multiple guide columns 4. The time spent on changing the molding mold of the entire automatic mold changing molding device is limited to the range of 15 minutes to 30 minutes.

[0038] The frame 1 defines the overall dimensions of the automatic mold-changing forming device as follows: length 8300 mm, width 3200 mm, and height 5700 mm. The maximum mold assembly size between the fixed mold plate 2 and the moving mold plate 3 is limited to 1500 mm x 1300 mm or 1850 mm x 1600 mm. Combined with the rear window size limited to 1350 mm x 1150 mm or 1700 mm x 1450 mm, this establishes a physical space constraint limiting the maximum finished product height to 400 mm. The frame 1 is internally equipped with a hydraulic pump system with a rated power of 7.5 kW. The hydraulic working pressure output by the hydraulic pump system is limited to the range of 100 bar to 150 bar. The hydraulic pump system is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 5 via pipelines. Driven by the aforementioned hydraulic working pressure, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving mold plate 3 to slide. The maximum sliding speed of the moving mold plate 3 is set to 200 mm / s.

[0039] The aforementioned mechanical settings for the overall machine dimensions, maximum mold size, and hydraulic power parameters solve the problems of rigid support and displacement power of large foaming molding molds within the confined space of the frame 1.

[0040] The top and sides of frame 1 are fixedly equipped with a main steam pipe, a main cooling water pipe, a main vacuum pipe, and a main compressed air pipe. The inner diameter of the main steam pipe is set to DN80 or DN100 and the working pressure is 3 to 6 bar. The inner diameter of the main cooling water pipe is set to DN80 and the working pressure is 4 to 6 bar. The inner diameter of the interface of the main vacuum pipe is set to DN125 or DN150. The inner diameter of the inlet of the main compressed air pipe is set to DN50 or DN65 and the working pressure is 5 to 7 bar. A main drain pipe with an inner diameter of DN125 or DN150 is arranged at the bottom of frame 1. The main steam pipe delivers 3 to 5 kg of steam to the molding die in one molding cycle. The main cooling water pipe delivers 35 to 70 kg of cooling water with a temperature between 45 and 50 degrees Celsius to the molding die in one molding cycle. The main vacuum pipe establishes a vacuum of -0.06 MPa in the molding die. The aforementioned fluid pipelines connect to the inside of the molding die, solving the temperature control and pressure change problems required for foam material molding. Ultimately, the single molding cycle of the automatic mold changing molding device is limited to the range of 50 to 110 seconds, ensuring that the water cooling time does not exceed 5 seconds, and controlling the moisture content of the molded foam product to a range not exceeding 10%.

[0041] The moving template 3 has a first locking mounting area on its surface edge facing the mold closing space, and the fixed template 2 has a second locking mounting area on its surface edge facing the mold closing space. Multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders are arrayed within both the first and second locking mounting areas. The cylinder body of each pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder is vertically fixed to the surface of the moving template 3 or the fixed template 2, such that the push rod output direction of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder extends towards the center of the mold closing space. Furthermore, the multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders are arranged symmetrically around the rectangular outer contour of the molding die. A locking block is connected to the push rod output end of each pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder. When the mold changing slide system 6 horizontally transports the molding die to the center positioning coordinate inside the mold closing space, the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder connects to the compressed air main pipeline and hydraulic oil pump system on the frame 1, and the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder enters a ready-to-work state.

[0042] To address the technical problems of traditional molding devices that rely on manual bolt tightening of the mold, resulting in mold change times of several hours and stress concentration on the mold surface, this molding device rigidly fixes the cylinder body of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder to the periphery of the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2. Utilizing a long-stroke, rapid-advance motion driven by compressed air combined with a micro-displacement pressurization motion driven by hydraulic oil, the locking block extends linearly towards the edge of the mold's back plate, forcing its end face to tightly fit and rigidly press against the edge of the mold's back plate. Multiple symmetrically arranged pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders simultaneously output a fixing and locking thrust, pressing the mold flat and evenly between the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2. This transforms the mechanical fixing method of the mold into a controlled, automated fluid pressure-driven method, completely eliminating the manual step of climbing the equipment to tighten bolts, thus strictly limiting the total time for a single mold change to between 15 and 30 minutes.

[0043] The locking block connected to the push rod output end of the gas-hydraulic booster cylinder has an L-shaped geometry. The locking block includes a connecting end and a pressing end that are perpendicular to each other. The connecting end is fixedly connected to the push rod output end of the gas-hydraulic booster cylinder, and the pressing end extends toward the center of the forming mold in a direction parallel to the surface of the moving template 3 or the surface of the fixed template 2.

[0044] The outer edge of the back of the forming mold has an outwardly protruding fixing flange, which constitutes the mechanical reference structure for installing and fixing the forming mold. Addressing the technical problem that the high-pressure thrust output by the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder during the hydraulic boosting stage can directly act on the edge of the forming mold, easily causing localized metal yielding deformation or locking slippage due to the small contact area, this device sets the bottom surface of the locking block's pressing end as a flat pressure-bearing surface. Simultaneously, the outer surface of the fixing flange on the forming mold is set as a flat bearing surface, with the surface roughness and flatness matching between the pressure-bearing surface and the bearing surface.

[0045] When the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder drives the locking block to the locked position, the pressure-bearing surface of the locking block is completely parallel and in contact with the pressure-bearing plane of the fixed flange, forming a surface contact fit. The pressing end side of the locking block extends downward in a direction perpendicular to the pressure-bearing surface to form a limiting shoulder. The limiting shoulder abuts vertically against the side surface of the fixed flange, physically restricting the sliding displacement of the molding die in the horizontal direction.

[0046] The aforementioned surface contact structure between the pressure-bearing and pressure-pressing surfaces transforms the concentrated load output from the push rod of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder into a distributed load that is transmitted to the fixed flange edge. This significantly reduces the unit area pressure in the locking area and completely avoids permanent mechanical damage to the edge of the molding die caused by the transmission of 100 to 150 bar of hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump system to the locking block. Combined with the three-dimensional spatial limiting of the limiting shoulder, this ensures the structural integrity and rigid locking state of the molding die during rapid switching between multiple product types.

[0047] To address the technical problem of internal pressure loss in the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder during power or gas outages, leading to the retraction of the cylinder's push rod and the loosening of the locking block, which in turn causes the molding die to fall from the mold-closing space, the automatic mold-changing molding device incorporates a fall-prevention mechanical self-locking assembly on the outside of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder. This assembly includes a guide sleeve, a self-locking pin, and a mechanical spring. The guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the surface of the moving mold plate 3 or the fixed mold plate 2. The self-locking pin is slidably fitted inside the guide sleeve in a direction perpendicular to the axis of movement of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. The mechanical spring, supported inside the guide sleeve, applies an extensional force to the self-locking pin in the direction of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. The side wall of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod has a continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group that matches the geometry of the self-locking pin's end. This continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group provides multiple locking points to absorb and adapt to minor machining tolerances caused by different molding die fixing flange thicknesses.

[0048] The fall arrestor mechanical self-locking assembly also includes an unlocking cylinder. The unlocking cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the guide sleeve. The push rod output end of the unlocking cylinder is fixedly connected to the self-locking pin. The working air inlet end of the unlocking cylinder is connected to the main compressed air pipeline on the frame 1.

[0049] When the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder, driven by the hydraulic pump system, pushes the locking block to the locking position where the molding die is fully clamped, the limiting groove on the push rod sidewall of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder moves synchronously to the spatial coordinate position aligned with the self-locking pin. The mechanical spring releases its elastic force, pushing the end of the self-locking pin to slide and engage inside the limiting groove. The outer wall of the self-locking pin and the inner wall of the limiting groove mechanically adhere to each other, forming a rigid physical barrier boundary in a direction parallel to the moving axis of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. In the event of a power interruption in the automatic mold-changing molding device and a pressure loss condition where the fluid pressure inside the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder drops to 0 bar, the self-locking pin forcibly prevents the push rod of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder from retracting, continuously maintaining the clamping state between the locking block and the back edge of the molding die. The aforementioned anti-fall mechanical self-locking assembly transforms the connection between the molding die and the moving template 3 or the fixed template 2 from dynamic maintenance dependent on fluid pressure to static rigid locking under the power-off state. It solves the gravity slippage displacement phenomenon of the molding die caused by the accidental cut-off of the fluid pressure source through the spatial geometric interference of physical components.

[0050] A material tank 9 is fixedly installed above the top horizontal frame of the frame 1, with a total internal volume of 420 liters. To address the technical problem of uneven material distribution inside the cavity caused by single-point material feeding during the molding process of large foam products with a maximum mold size of 1500 mm x 1300 mm, 44 discharge ports are evenly arrayed on the bottom plate surface of the material tank 9. Each of the 44 discharge ports is vertically connected to a rigid feeding pipe via a flexible telescopic hose. These 44 rigid feeding pipes pass through the top horizontal frame of the frame 1 and extend downwards in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The end openings of the 44 rigid feeding pipes are suspended directly above the mold closing space between the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2.

[0051] The projection of 44 rigid feeding tubes onto a horizontal plane perpendicular to the axes of multiple guide pillars 4 completely covers the maximum mold size area of ​​1500 mm by 1300 mm, thus constructing a multi-channel, dot-matrix feeding matrix between the top of frame 1 and the mold closing space. Plastic foaming material stored inside the material tank 9 falls synchronously from the 44 outlets into the 44 rigid feeding tubes under gravity, resulting in a spatial physical distribution of the plastic foaming material into 44 independent vertically descending material flows. This feeding matrix structure transforms the input path of the 420-liter capacity plastic foaming material to the lower molding die from a centralized to a distributed manner, solving the material accumulation problem caused by the limited cross-sectional area of ​​a single-channel feeding system and ensuring the physical consistency of the input material volume in each area of ​​the molding die within the mold closing space.

[0052] To address the technical problem of mechanical assembly coordinate deviation between the central axes of the 44 feeding tubes and the central axes of the 44 feed inlets pre-reserved on the surface of the forming mold after the mold changing slide system 6 pushes the forming mold into the mold closing space, resulting in rigid collision interference and end-face off-center loading when the two are directly approaching each other in a straight line, the automatic mold changing forming device independently installs a drive cylinder and a floating connection structure on the outside of each of the 44 feeding tubes. The drive cylinder is vertically fixedly installed below the top horizontal frame of the frame 1. A horizontally arranged lifting drive plate is fixedly connected to the end of the output push rod of the drive cylinder. A connecting flange is welded and fixed to the outer peripheral side wall of the feeding tube. A central through hole is opened on the surface of the lifting drive plate for the corresponding feeding tube to pass through. The lifting drive plate is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding feeding tube and located above the connecting flange.

[0053] Multiple bolt holes are formed around the central through hole on the lifting drive plate, and multiple threaded holes corresponding to the spatial coordinates of these bolt holes are formed on the connecting flange. Multiple fastening bolts pass through these bolt holes and are screwed into the threaded holes, thus mechanically connecting the lifting drive plate to the connecting flange. The diameter of the bolt holes is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the bolt thread portion, creating a horizontal physical gap between the outer circumferential wall of the fastening bolt and the inner wall of the bolt hole. An elastic washer is sandwiched between the bolt head and the upper surface of the lifting drive plate. When the drive cylinder pushes the lifting drive plate downwards and moves the feeding tube closer to the feed inlet of the forming mold, if there is a misalignment between the feeding tube and the feed inlet, the guiding reaction force on the lower end of the feeding tube will force the fastening bolt to overcome the friction of the elastic washer and slide horizontally within the physical gap space of the bolt holes. The aforementioned sliding displacement between the fastening bolt and the bolt hole gives the feeding rigid tube a mechanical floating degree of freedom relative to the lifting drive plate in a horizontal two-dimensional plane, automatically compensating for the centering coordinate deviation between the feeding rigid tube and the feed port of the forming mold.

[0054] To address the technical issues of time-consuming pipe disassembly and assembly due to bolted flange locking in traditional feeding pipelines, and the susceptibility to external air leakage or internal foaming material leakage at the mating surface when the molding device is connected to the central vacuum system and generates a negative pressure of -0.06 MPa, the automatic mold-changing molding device incorporates an end-face sealing structure at the lower end of the feeding rigid pipe. A sealing flange end face is formed by extending horizontally outwards around the opening at the lower end of the feeding rigid pipe, and an annular sealing groove is formed circumferentially on the sealing flange end face. An elastic sealing ring is embedded and fixed inside the sealing groove, and a flat mating end face is machined at the end of the molding die facing the upper part of the feeding rigid pipe.

[0055] Each feed inlet of the molding die is equipped with a one-way pressure-operated self-closing valve. When the feed tube presses downward against the mating face and the central vacuum system works in conjunction with the gravity of the material, the one-way pressure-operated self-closing valve opens under the fluid thrust, allowing the material to enter. A lightweight mechanical return spring is installed inside the one-way pressure-operated self-closing valve. As the feed tube retracts upward and disengages from the mating face, the one-way pressure-operated self-closing valve immediately closes upward under the mechanical force of the lightweight mechanical return spring, preventing leakage of internal material. Subsequently, the one-way pressure-operated self-closing valve is rigidly pressed and locked by the positive pressure of the high-pressure steam established inside the molding die, completely sealing the airflow exchange path between the molding cavity and the external environment, ensuring that the high-pressure steam and cooling water inside the die do not leak out.

[0056] The drive cylinder pushes the feeding tube downwards in a straight line, bringing the sealing flange at the lower end of the feeding tube close to the mating face of the forming mold's inlet. The drive cylinder continuously outputs downward physical thrust, forcing the elastic sealing ring inside the sealing groove to press against the mating face of the forming mold. The elastic sealing ring is clamped between the sealing flange and the mating face and undergoes compressive deformation. The drive cylinder maintains a set air pressure value throughout the entire feeding cycle to maintain a stable downward physical thrust. A closed-loop physical fluid isolation structure is formed between the sealing flange and the mating face through the compressed elastic sealing ring.

[0057] The aforementioned end-face pressing and sealing contact structure eliminates the need for bolted fastening components, directly achieving a sealed connection between the feeding tube and the mold inlet using the linear thrust of the pneumatic actuator. The compressed elastic sealing ring completely blocks the airflow exchange path between the internal channel of the feeding tube and the external environment, meeting the technical parameter requirement of achieving a vacuum negative pressure of -0.06 MPa inside the mold when the central vacuum system is connected. At the same time, the overall docking time of the 44 feeding tubes is limited to the time of a single downward stroke of the drive cylinder, eliminating the time required for manual intervention in the pipeline connection process.

[0058] A horizontal pneumatic material gate is installed in the middle of the feeding rigid tube. To address the technical problem of foamed plastic raw materials accumulating and stagnating due to mechanical protrusions inside the tube during vertical descent under gravity, the horizontal pneumatic material gate incorporates a horizontal pull-out mechanism. A horizontally oriented strip slot is formed on the side wall of the outer shell of the feeding rigid tube for sliding entry. The inner wall of the feeding rigid tube remains smooth and without grooves. The horizontal pneumatic material gate includes a horizontally placed flat gate plate and a horizontal guide bracket fixed to the outside of the feeding rigid tube. The two sides of the flat gate plate are slidably fitted into the interior of the external horizontal guide bracket. The first end of the flat gate plate passes through the strip slot and extends into the external space of the feeding rigid tube.

[0059] The horizontal pneumatic material gate also includes a pneumatic actuator cylinder horizontally fixedly installed outside the feeding rigid pipe. The output end of the pneumatic actuator cylinder is connected to a pneumatic guide column 4. The end of the pneumatic guide column 4 is fixedly connected to the first end of the flat gate plate extending outside the feeding rigid pipe. The pneumatic actuator cylinder is connected to the main compressed air pipeline on the frame 1 and is driven by a working pressure of 4 to 5 bar. The actuation of the pneumatic actuator cylinder causes the pneumatic guide column 4 to retract outwards along a horizontal straight line, pulling the flat gate plate outwards along the external horizontal guide bracket towards the outside of the feeding rigid pipe. After the flat gate plate completely exits the internal space of the feeding rigid pipe, the internal diameter cross-section of the feeding rigid pipe is completely open vertically without any physical obstruction. The fully connected feeding rigid pipe, combined with the -0.06 MPa vacuum negative pressure environment established below the pipe and the material's own gravity, eliminates the mechanical obstacle area on the falling path of the foaming raw material, solves the technical problem of material obstruction caused by changes in the pipe cross-section, and realizes the vertical penetration of the foaming raw material along the central axis of the feeding rigid pipe.

[0060] After the feeding process inside the molding die is completed, the pneumatic actuator cylinder drives the pneumatic guide column 4 to extend inward in the horizontal direction. The pneumatic guide column 4 pushes the flat gate plate through the strip slot and inserts it laterally into the internal space of the feeding tube until the first end of the flat gate plate passes through the strip slot again and the second end of the flat gate plate abuts against the inner wall of the feeding tube at a relatively opposite position. The flat upper surface of the flat gate plate completely closes the internal diameter section of the feeding tube in the horizontal direction. In view of the technical problem of the traditional vertical rotary material gate, which has a rotating shaft component in the vertical direction inside the pipeline, causing the foamed plastic material to be easily stuck in the rotation gap and causing mechanical jamming, this horizontal pneumatic material gate completes the lateral physical interception of the falling material flow through the horizontal cross-section of the flat gate plate perpendicular to the material falling direction.

[0061] When the flat gate is in the closed state, it forms a horizontal physical blocking plane only inside the feeding rigid pipe. The inner wall surface of the feeding rigid pipe above the flat gate remains smooth without structural interference, thereby eliminating mechanical gaps in the vertical direction and structural dead angles that cause material retention. The remaining foamed plastic material falling inside the material hopper 9 is laid flat on the flat upper surface of the flat gate under the action of gravity, preventing the foamed plastic material from entering the assembly gap between the flat gate and the external horizontal guide support. This eliminates the physical interference caused by the foamed plastic material, ensuring that the reciprocating mechanical displacement of the pneumatic actuator cylinder and the flat gate is not physically hindered by the foamed plastic material. At the same time, the flat gate constructs a physical sealing structure inside the feeding rigid pipe that blocks the flow of gas up and down.

[0062] To address the technical problem that the maximum mold assembly size of 1500 mm x 1300 mm for the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 cannot be directly mechanically fixed to small molding dies with physical dimensions smaller than the maximum mold assembly size, the automatic mold-changing molding device has detachably installed support plates on the surfaces of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 facing the mold closing space. The support plates constitute the mechanical transfer structure connecting the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 to the small molding die, and the support plates have a hollow plate-like physical geometry with a rectangular through-hole in the central area.

[0063] The outer periphery of the support plate extends outward to form an outer locking boundary, and the inner hole edge of the support plate extends inward to form an inner mounting boundary. The outer contour dimension of the outer locking boundary matches the surface mounting dimensions of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2.

[0064] With the small molding mold and two support plates pre-assembled into a single physical unit, the mold changing slide system 6 translates and sends this single physical unit into the mold closing space. Subsequently, multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders, which are arrayed along the edges of the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2, move synchronously. The multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders, connected to locking blocks at the output ends of the push rods, press against the outer locking boundary of the support plate. The locking blocks rigidly press the support plate together with the small molding mold and fix them parallel to and attached to the surfaces of the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2.

[0065] Multiple locating pin holes and multiple mechanical threaded holes are provided on the inner mounting boundary of the support plate. Multiple locating pins pass through the outer edge of the back of the small molding die. The multiple locating pins are inserted into the multiple locating pin holes to form a two-dimensional planar spatial coordinate positioning in the horizontal and vertical directions. With the subsequent clamping block structure, the small molding die is rigidly locked and fixed to the support plate. The aforementioned support plate physically connects the outer locking coordinate system of the fixed template 2 or the moving template 3 with the internal fixed coordinate system of the small molding die. The solid structure of the support plate transmits the fluid locking thrust output by the gas-hydraulic booster cylinder into a mechanical support force for the small molding die, thereby changing the actual effective installation boundary size inside the mold closing space. This meets the physical requirements for rigid assembly of small molding dies with an outer size limited to 1200 mm by 1000 mm or other smaller specifications within the unified frame 1 space.

[0066] For small-sized molding dies, the remaining outlets at the bottom of the material barrel 9, located outside the boundary of the small molding die, are pre-sealed by a blocking plate to physically block the supply of foaming material falling into the feeding tube outside the boundary. Simultaneously, during the feeding process, the drive cylinder pushes the feeding tube outside the boundary downwards, causing its sealing flange end face to directly press against the solid plane blind area of ​​the support plate, forming a physical seal at the end face. This prevents air leakage during the central vacuum system's suction and prevents residual material inside the material barrel 9 from leaking into the frame 1.

[0067] To address the technical issue of micro-displacement or localized stress concentration at the mechanical connection point between the back edge of the small molding die and the support plate during the foaming molding cycle, which is caused by the expansion force of the foaming material, the inner mounting boundary surface of the support plate is designed as a flat metal pressure-bearing support surface. The outer edge of the back of the small molding die extends outwards parallel to the surface of the support plate to form a small mounting flange. The bottom surface of the small mounting flange is machined as a flat mating surface. After the small molding die is moved and placed above the support plate, the flat mating surface of the small mounting flange and the metal pressure-bearing support surface of the support plate are parallel and in contact, forming a closed physical surface contact force-bearing structure.

[0068] Multiple blind holes with mechanical threads are formed around the central hole array on the inner mounting boundary surface of the support plate. Multiple fastening blocks are arranged symmetrically in an array along the outer contour of the small mounting flange. The first end of each fastening block abuts against the top surface of the small mounting flange, while the second end rests on the metal bearing support surface of the support plate. Fastening bolts pass through pre-drilled holes in the center of the fastening blocks and are screwed vertically into the blind holes with mechanical threads. The axial mechanical tension generated by tightening the bolts forces the fastening blocks to physically press downwards against the small mounting flange, thereby rigidly locking the small forming mold above the inner mounting boundary of the support plate.

[0069] The bolt fastening assembly of the small molding die and the two support plates is performed in advance in the standby area outside the frame 1. After the small molding die and the two support plates are fastened and assembled into a single physical unit, the mold changing slide system 6 synchronously moves the small molding die and the two support plates, which constitute the single physical unit, into the mold closing space.

[0070] The aforementioned combined fixing system, consisting of a fastening block and a surface contact force-bearing structure, transforms the concentrated load of foam expansion inside the small molding die into a distributed load and transmits it to the support plate entity, eliminating the local stress limit point in the single bolt connection area and physically limiting the spatial deformation displacement generated by the small molding die under internal high pressure conditions.

[0071] To address the technical problem that the spatial coordinates of the main pipe docking interfaces fixedly distributed on the surfaces of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 differ from the spatial coordinates of the fluid input interfaces on the back of the small molding die, preventing the fluid inside the main steam pipeline, cooling water pipeline, vacuum pipeline, and compressed air pipeline from being directly input into the small molding die along a straight path, the automatic mold-changing molding device incorporates a media transfer assembly on the solid structure of the support plate. Multiple first transfer flange interfaces are fixedly arranged on the outer boundary area of ​​the support plate, and the spatial coordinates of these first transfer flange interfaces are perfectly aligned with the physical coordinates of the main pipe docking interfaces distributed on the surfaces of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2.

[0072] Multiple fluid quick-connect male connectors are fixedly arranged on the outer boundary area of ​​the support plate. The spatial coordinates of the multiple fluid quick-connect male connectors are completely aligned with the physical coordinates of the fluid quick-connect female connectors distributed on the surfaces of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2.

[0073] Multiple second adapter flange interfaces are fixedly arranged in the inner mounting boundary area of ​​the support plate. The spatial coordinates of the multiple second adapter flange interfaces are perfectly aligned with the physical coordinates of the fluid input interfaces distributed on the back of the small molding die. Multiple fluid quick-connect male connectors are physically connected to the multiple second adapter flange interfaces through rigid transition pipes installed on the support plate.

[0074] When the displacement action of the gas-liquid booster cylinder driving the locking block to parallelly adhere and fix the support plate to the surface of the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 is completed, the drive cylinder inside the fluid quick docking female on the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 moves synchronously, pushing the moving insertion sleeve to extend outward and automatically fit onto the outside of the corresponding fluid quick docking male on the support plate, realizing the automated insertion and connection of the fluid pipeline. Since the small forming mold has been pre-rigidly locked and fixed to the support plate outside the frame 1, multiple second adapter flange interfaces have been pre-synchronously abutted and adhered to the corresponding fluid input interfaces and fastened and connected by flange bolts. The aforementioned medium transfer component uses a rigid transition pipe to physically transport the fluid medium from the main pipeline distributed around the periphery of the support plate to the central area of ​​the support plate. This eliminates the spatial misalignment between the preset interface coordinate system of the main pipeline of the automatic mold changing device and the input interface coordinate system of the small molding die, ensuring that steam with a working pressure of 3 to 6 bar, cooling water with a working pressure of 4 to 6 bar, and vacuum negative pressure of -0.06 MPa are continuously transmitted into the internal molding cavity of the small molding die without any leakage of fluid to the outside.

[0075] To address the technical issues of traditional molding equipment where steam, cooling water, and compressed air pipelines require manual thread assembly or flange tightening during mold changing, resulting in pipeline connection operations taking tens of minutes and prone to mechanical thread loosening and fluid leakage under alternating high-temperature and high-pressure fluid impacts of 3 to 6 bar, the automatic mold-changing molding device is equipped with an automatic quick-connect fluid medium system. Multiple quick-connect female fluid connectors are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2 facing the mold closing space. The fluid input end of the quick-connect female fluid connector is connected to the main steam pipeline, main cooling water pipeline, and main compressed air pipeline on the frame 1. Multiple quick-connect male fluid connectors are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the back of the molding die. The internal channels of the quick-connect male fluid connectors are connected to the internal molding cavity of the molding die. The spatial distribution coordinates of the multiple quick-connect male fluid connectors correspond to the spatial distribution coordinates of the multiple quick-connect female fluid connectors.

[0076] The fluid quick-connect female connector has a drive cylinder and a movable insertion sleeve arranged horizontally inside. The output end of the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable insertion sleeve. The inner wall of the movable insertion sleeve has two annular mounting grooves spaced apart along the circumference. Each of the two annular mounting grooves is inlaid with a high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing ring. When the gas-liquid booster cylinder pushes the locking block to rigidly press and fix the forming mold between the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2, the drive cylinders inside the multiple fluid quick-connect female connectors act synchronously, pushing the movable insertion sleeve to extend outward along a horizontal straight line. The internal aperture of the movable insertion sleeve fits onto the outside of the corresponding fluid quick-connect male connector. The two high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings are physically compressed and tightly adhere to the outer cylindrical surface of the fluid quick-connect male connector, generating compressive physical deformation and forming two closed physical fluid isolation boundaries on the pipe connection surface.

[0077] The aforementioned automatic quick-connect fluid medium system utilizes the linear displacement drive of pneumatic actuators to synchronously connect the steam, cooling water, and compressed air supply pipelines. This transforms the manual pipeline connection operation into a controlled, automated mechanical connection, limiting the overall connection time of the pipeline system to within 5 seconds of a single cylinder stroke. The double-sealed physical compression structure between the moving insertion sleeve and the fluid quick-connect male connector meets the requirements for leak-free fluid transmission under alternating working pressures of 3 to 6 bar, completely eliminating fluid medium leakage caused by inconsistent manual tightening torque.

[0078] To address the technical problem that during the transmission of steam, cooling water, and compressed air, the fluid medium with a working pressure of 3 to 6 bar is introduced into the internal transmission channel formed after the fluid quick-connect female and fluid quick-connect male are connected. The fluid medium exerts a reverse separation thrust on the internal pressure-bearing end face of the moving insertion sleeve, causing the moving insertion sleeve to have a tendency to retract mechanically, which in turn leads to the failure of the two high-temperature fluororubber sealing rings. The automatic mold changing forming device is equipped with a pressure compensation structure inside the fluid medium automatic quick-connect system.

[0079] The working air inlet port of the drive cylinder inside the fluid quick docking female connector is physically connected to the constant pressure air source pipeline on the frame 1. The constant pressure air source pipeline continuously inputs compressed air with a working pressure set at 5 to 6 bar into the internal air inlet chamber of the drive cylinder. The compressed air acts on the piston surface inside the drive cylinder and generates a constant outward physical thrust. The constant outward physical thrust output by the drive cylinder is continuously transmitted to the docking area where the two high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings contact the outer cylindrical surface of the fluid quick docking male connector through the moving insertion sleeve.

[0080] Based on the spatial physical area ratio of the piston surface area inside the drive cylinder to the pressure-bearing end face area inside the movable plug-in sleeve, the outward constant physical thrust output by the drive cylinder is numerically set to always be greater than the reverse separation thrust generated by the fluid medium acting on the pressure-bearing end face inside the movable plug-in sleeve. Due to the aforementioned physical thrust difference, the movable plug-in sleeve maintains its outermost straight extension position throughout the entire fluid medium transmission cycle. The constant outward physical thrust continuously counteracts the mechanical separation displacement trend generated by the fluid medium, forcing the two high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings to maintain a compressed physical deformation state throughout the entire working cycle. The aforementioned pressure compensation structure utilizes a mechanical thrust balance setting, using the external constant air pressure thrust continuously input through the air source pipeline to overcome the reverse separation thrust generated by the internal fluid medium, avoiding mechanical displacement gaps between the movable plug-in sleeve and the fluid quick-connect male connector, and ensuring continuous transmission of fluid medium with a working pressure of 3 bar to 6 bar within the automatic connection pipeline without physical leakage.

[0081] To address the technical problem of traditional molding devices where changing molding dies requires manual disassembly of fluid pipelines, loosening of mechanical locking components, and movement of the molding die, resulting in a total mold-changing operation time exceeding 120 minutes, the automatic mold-changing molding device is equipped with a dynamic mechanical mold-changing sequence that is automatically executed according to set time nodes. Upon receiving a mold-changing command, the first and second halves of the old molding die are rigidly locked together as an inseparable physical unit by pre-set mechanical locking latches, preventing separation and disintegration after the moving platen 3 and fixed platen 2 are released. Subsequently, multiple drive cylinders inside the fluid quick-connect female seat synchronously perform a retraction action, pulling the moving insertion sleeve inward along a horizontal straight line and disengaging it from the fluid quick-connect male head on the old molding die, disconnecting the physical transmission paths of steam, cooling water, and compressed air.

[0082] Subsequently, the translational support carriage 7 inside the mold changing slide system 6 enters the mold closing space between the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 along the horizontal track. The translational support carriage 7 moves directly below the old molding mold and supports its bottom. The unlocking cylinder inside the anti-fall mechanical self-locking assembly pulls the self-locking pin to overcome the mechanical spring force, forcing the self-locking pin to exit the limiting groove on the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder push rod. Multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders simultaneously perform a retraction action, driving the locking block to loosen the outer edge of the back of the old molding mold. The physical weight of the old molding mold is completely transferred to the translational support carriage 7. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving template 3 to slide backward along multiple guide pillars 4 to the maximum stroke end, so that the moving template 3 and the fixed template 2 are completely separated from the old molding mold to make room for translation. Then, the mold changing slide system 6 pulls the translational support carriage 7 carrying the old molding mold out to the waiting area outside the frame 1 along the horizontal track.

[0083] The mold-changing slide system 6 grabs the new forming mold outside the frame 1 and moves it horizontally into the predetermined installation coordinate position inside the mold-closing space. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the moving platen 3 to slide towards the fixed platen 2 until the moving platen 3 and the fixed platen 2 are tightly attached to the back plates on both sides of the new forming mold. Then, multiple pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders distributed on the surfaces of the moving platen 3 and the fixed platen 2 simultaneously extend, pushing the locking block to press against the outer edge of the back of the new forming mold. The self-locking pin inside the anti-fall mechanical self-locking assembly slides and engages with the limiting groove on the push rod of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder under the thrust of the mechanical spring, forming a rigid physical lock for the new forming mold. The drive cylinders inside multiple fluid quick docking female seats simultaneously extend, pushing the moving insertion sleeve to extend outward along a horizontal straight line and fit over the fluid quick docking male head on the new forming mold, reconnecting the physical transmission paths of steam, cooling water, and compressed air.

[0084] After ensuring that the new molding die is completely suspended and clamped by the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder, the platform lifting cylinder assembly inside the translation carrier 7 is activated, driving the top platform 8 to perform a slight vertical descent, causing the top platform 8 to detach from the bottom of the new molding die and create a physical clearance. Subsequently, the mold changing slide system 6 pulls the translation carrier 7 out frictionlessly along the horizontal track to the waiting area outside the frame 1, providing physical clearance space at the bottom for the opening and closing of the molding die and the demolding and falling of the foamed product.

[0085] The aforementioned dynamic timing sequence for mechanical mold changing utilizes the parallel electromechanical-hydraulic operation of the mold changing slide system 6, the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder, and the drive cylinder to convert all physical disassembly and installation actions of the molding mold into automated linear mechanical displacement. The automatic retraction and entry of the molding mold into the mold closing space replace the original manual handling intervention, reducing the overall mold changing time of the molding device to within 15 to 30 minutes, eliminating the mechanical interference waiting time caused by manual mold handling and manual disassembly and assembly of pipelines.

[0086] To address the technical issue of long overall molding cycles caused by the time-consuming physical connections between various processes in traditional molding equipment during a single mold production cycle, the automatic mold-changing molding device incorporates a continuously executed electromechanical-hydraulic coordinated operation process within each single mold production cycle. The moving mold plate 3 performs a horizontal linear displacement towards the fixed mold plate 2 and completes a closing action, forming a sealed molding cavity between the moving mold plate 3 and the fixed mold plate 2. A drive cylinder pushes 44 feeding rigid tubes downwards in a linear motion, abutting against the feed inlet of the molding die to form an end-face sealing structure. The pneumatic actuator inside the horizontal pneumatic material gate actuates to pull out the planar gate plate, while the central vacuum system evacuates the molding cavity to a vacuum negative pressure of -0.06 MPa through the main vacuum pipeline. The foamed plastic raw material, under the combined action of gravity and vacuum negative pressure, falls synchronously into the molding cavity through the 44 feeding rigid tubes.

[0087] After the feeding process is completed, the pneumatic actuator pushes the flat gate inward to horizontally cut off the falling material flow. Simultaneously, the central vacuum system maintains negative pressure suction to clear any residual foaming material from the pipes below the flat gate. Once all the residual foaming material has entered the molding cavity, the drive cylinder moves the feeding tube upward and detaches it from the mold's inlet. The fluid quick-connector then introduces high-temperature steam (3-6 bar) into the molding cavity through the main steam pipe. The foamed plastic material inside the molding cavity expands physically due to the heat and fuses together to form the final shape. After the steam heating process, the fluid quick-connector introduces cooling water (4-6 bar) into the molding cavity through the main cooling water pipe. The cooling water cools and sets the high-temperature foamed product inside the molding cavity.

[0088] After cooling and setting, the cooling water and steam condensate inside the molding mold are discharged to the external treatment system through the main drain pipe at the bottom of frame 1. At the same time, the central vacuum system once again performs vacuum dehydration suction inside the molding cavity through the main vacuum pipe to completely remove residual moisture from the surface of the foamed product and the inside of the mold.

[0089] After the cooling, shaping, and vacuum dehydration processes are completed, the moving mold plate 3 moves horizontally away from the fixed mold plate 2. The first half of the molding die, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the moving mold plate 3 by a locking block, retracts synchronously with the moving mold plate 3. The first half of the molding die and the second half of the molding die, which are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed mold plate 2, are subjected to a mechanical reverse pulling force and physically separate, opening the internal molding cavity. The ejection cylinder inside the demolding mechanism actuates, pushing the ejector plate to perform a linear thrust action. The ejector plate ejects the molded foamed product from inside the first and second half of the mold, and the foamed product falls to the collection area below under gravity.

[0090] The aforementioned single physical production cycle, consisting of mold closing, material feeding, heating, cooling, and mold opening and demolding, utilizes the synchronous execution of a multi-channel dot-matrix distributed material supply matrix and an automatic quick-connect fluid medium system to eliminate the physical waiting time during the switching process between single-pipe fluid transmission and mechanical displacement. This physically limits the overall running time of a single production cycle to a time range of 50 to 110 seconds, solving the technical problem of mechanical idleness caused by the serial execution of multiple processes.

Claims

1. An automatic mold-changing forming device, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a fixed template (2), a moving template (3), multiple guide pillars (4), hydraulic cylinders (5), and a mold changing slide system (6); The fixed template (2) is vertically fixedly installed at the first end of the frame (1). Multiple guide columns (4) are arranged horizontally inside the frame (1). The multiple guide columns (4) are distributed parallel to each other. The first end of the multiple guide columns (4) is fixedly connected to the fixed template (2), and the second end of the multiple guide columns (4) is fixedly connected to the second end of the frame (1). The moving template (3) has multiple guide post through holes. The moving template (3) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the multiple guide posts (4) through the multiple guide post through holes. The hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly installed at the second end of the frame (1). The push rod output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the moving template (3) away from the fixed template (2). The hydraulic cylinder (5) drives the moving template (3) to slide along the axial direction of the multiple guide posts (4). The moving template (3) and the fixed template (2) form a mold closing space. The side of the frame (1) is provided with a guide post (4) gap opening. The guide post (4) gap opening is located between two guide posts (4) arranged vertically and vertically. The mold changing slide system (6) is located outside the frame (1). The mold changing slide system (6) is arranged directly opposite the gap opening of the guide post (4). The mold changing slide system (6) pushes the molding mold from outside the frame (1) into the mold closing space or moves the molding mold out of the frame (1) along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the multiple guide posts (4).

2. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold changing slide system (6) includes a horizontal track and a translational carrier (7). The horizontal track extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the multiple guide posts (4). The first end of the horizontal track is fixed to the outside of the frame (1), and the second end of the horizontal track passes through the gap opening of the guide post (4) and extends to the bottom edge of the mold closing space between the moving template (3) and the fixed template (2). The translational carrier (7) is slidably mounted above the horizontal track, and the forming mold is supported on the top platform (8) of the translational carrier (7). The translational carrier (7) is equipped with a platform lifting cylinder assembly.

3. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving template (3) has a first locking installation area on the surface edge facing the mold closing space, and the fixed template (2) has a second locking installation area on the surface edge facing the mold closing space. Multiple gas-liquid booster cylinders are arrayed in both the first locking installation area and the second locking installation area. The cylinder body of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is vertically fixedly installed on the surface of the moving template (3) or the surface of the fixed template (2), and the output end of the push rod of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is connected to a locking block. The outer edge of the back of the molding die is provided with an outwardly protruding fixed flange edge. The bottom surface of the pressing end of the locking block is set as the force-bearing pressing surface, and the surface of the fixed flange edge facing outward is set as the pressure-bearing plane. When the gas-liquid booster cylinder drives the locking block to move to the locking position, the force-bearing pressing surface and the pressure-bearing plane are completely parallel and fit together to form a surface contact fit.

4. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is provided with a fall-prevention mechanical self-locking assembly, which includes a guide sleeve, a self-locking pin, and a mechanical spring. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the surface of the moving template (3) or the surface of the fixed template (2), and the self-locking pin is slidably assembled inside the guide sleeve in a direction perpendicular to the moving axis of the gas-liquid booster cylinder push rod; The mechanical spring is supported inside the guide sleeve and applies an extension force to the self-locking pin in the direction of the push rod of the gas-liquid booster cylinder. The push rod sidewall of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is provided with a continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group. When the gas-liquid booster cylinder pushes the locking block to the locking position where it fully presses the molding die, the continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group moves synchronously to the spatial coordinate position aligned with the self-locking pin, and the mechanical spring releases its elastic force to push the end of the self-locking pin to slide into the interior of the continuous unidirectional ratchet-shaped limiting groove group.

5. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a material bucket (9), a feeding hard pipe and a drive cylinder; The material barrel (9) is fixedly installed above the top horizontal frame of the frame (1). Multiple discharge ports are evenly arrayed on the bottom plate surface of the material barrel (9). A feeding hard pipe is vertically connected directly below each of the multiple discharge ports. The multiple feeding hard pipes pass through the top horizontal frame and extend downward in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The end openings of the multiple feeding hard pipes are suspended directly above the mold closing space. Each of the multiple feeding rigid tubes is independently equipped with a drive cylinder. The drive cylinder is vertically fixed below the top horizontal frame. The output push rod of the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged lifting drive plate. A connecting flange is welded and fixed to the outer peripheral side wall of the feeding rigid tube. A central through hole is opened on the surface of the lifting drive plate for the corresponding feeding rigid tube to pass through. The lifting drive plate is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding feeding rigid tube and is located above the connecting flange.

6. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting drive plate has multiple bolt holes extending around the central through hole, and the connecting flange has multiple threaded holes corresponding to the spatial coordinates of the multiple bolt holes. Multiple fastening bolts pass through multiple bolt holes and are screwed into multiple threaded holes. The diameter of the multiple bolt holes is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the bolt thread portion. There is a horizontal physical gap between the outer peripheral sidewall of the fastening bolt and the inner wall of the bolt hole. The lower end opening of the feeding tube extends outward in a horizontal direction to form a sealing flange end face. An annular sealing groove is formed on the sealing flange end face in a circumferential direction. An elastic sealing ring is embedded and fixed inside the sealing groove. The feed port of the forming mold facing the upper end of the feeding tube has a flat mating end face. The drive cylinder pushes the feeding tube downward in a straight line, forcing the elastic sealing ring to press against the mating end face.

7. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A horizontal pneumatic material gate is provided in the middle of the feed tube, and a strip slot for sliding in is provided on the side wall of the outer shell of the feed tube in the horizontal direction. The horizontal pneumatic material gate includes a flat gate plate in a horizontally placed state and a horizontal guide bracket fixed to the outside of the feeding rigid pipe. The two sides of the flat gate plate are slidably fitted inside the horizontal guide bracket. The first end of the flat gate plate passes through the strip slot and extends to the external space of the feeding rigid pipe. The horizontal pneumatic material gate also includes a pneumatic actuator cylinder that is horizontally fixedly installed outside the feeding hard pipe. The output end of the pneumatic actuator cylinder is connected to a pneumatic guide column (4). The end of the pneumatic guide column (4) is fixedly connected to the first end of the planar gate plate extending outside the feeding hard pipe. When the pneumatic actuator cylinder moves and drives the pneumatic guide column (4) to retract outward in a horizontal straight direction, the planar gate plate completely exits the internal space of the feeding hard pipe.

8. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving template (3) and the fixed template (2) facing the mold closing space are each detachably equipped with a support plate. The support plate has a hollow plate-like physical geometry with a rectangular through hole in the central area. The outer periphery of the support plate extends outward to form an outer locking boundary, and the inner hole edge of the support plate extends inward to form an inner mounting boundary. The outer edge of the back of the small molding die extends outward in a direction parallel to the surface of the support plate to form a small mounting flange. The inner mounting boundary surface of the support plate is set as a flat metal pressure-bearing support surface. The bottom surface of the small mounting flange is machined as a flat mating surface. The flat mating surface of the small mounting flange is parallel and fits against the metal pressure-bearing support surface.

9. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple fluid quick docking female seats are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the moving template (3) and the fixed template (2) facing the mold closing space, and multiple fluid quick docking male heads are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the back of the molding die; The fluid quick docking female seat has a drive cylinder and a movable plug-in sleeve arranged horizontally inside. The output end of the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plug-in sleeve. The inner wall of the movable plug-in sleeve is provided with two annular mounting grooves spaced apart along the circumference. Each of the two annular mounting grooves is inlaid with a high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing ring. The drive cylinder actuates to push the movable plug sleeve to extend outward along a horizontal straight line. The inner diameter of the movable plug sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the corresponding fluid quick docking male. The two high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings are physically compressed and tightly adhered to the outer cylindrical surface of the fluid quick docking male.

10. The automatic mold-changing forming device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The working air inlet port of the drive cylinder inside the fluid rapid docking mother seat is physically connected to the constant pressure air source pipeline on the frame (1); The constant pressure air source pipeline continuously inputs compressed air into the internal air intake chamber of the drive cylinder. The compressed air acts on the piston surface inside the drive cylinder and generates a constant outward physical thrust. The constant outward physical thrust output by the drive cylinder is continuously transmitted through the movable plug sleeve to the docking area where the two high-temperature resistant fluororubber sealing rings contact the outer cylindrical surface of the fluid quick docking male. The constant outward physical thrust output by the drive cylinder is numerically set to always be greater than the reverse separation thrust generated by the fluid medium acting on the pressure end face inside the movable plug sleeve.

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