A kind of nanometer metal powder material is added for modifying plastic production and processing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of nanometer metal powder material for modifying plastic production and processing equipment, it is related to modified plastics processing technical field, for the technical problems such as difficult dispersion of nanometer metal powder modified plastics processing agglomeration, low feeding precision, powder is easy to oxidize, local overheating degradation, adopt subsection type homodromous double screw main structure, supporting setting respectively transport plastic particles and nanometer metal powder double feeding unit, ultrasonic auxiliary dispersion unit, partition temperature control unit and closed loop inert gas circulation unit;By double screw gradient shear cooperates ultrasonic oscillation, it is strengthened to break nanometer agglomerate, relies on weightlessness type weighing to realize powder high-precision quantitative feeding, with the aid of inert atmosphere in whole process inhibits metal powder oxidation, and avoids melt local overheating by partition independent temperature control.The application can improve the dispersion uniformity and addition accuracy of nanometer metal powder, reduce the risk of powder oxidation and matrix degradation, improve the performance stability and production yield of modified plastics product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of modified plastics processing technology, and more specifically to a device for producing and processing modified plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of fields such as electronics, electrical engineering, new energy, aerospace, and electromagnetic protection, the market demand for modified plastics with special functions such as conductivity, thermal conductivity, and electromagnetic shielding continues to grow. Adding nanoscale metal powders to the plastic matrix for filler modification can endow materials with excellent functionality while retaining the inherent advantages of plastics such as lightweight, corrosion resistance, and ease of molding and processing. This represents an important technological development direction in the field of polymer composite materials.

[0003] Currently, the industrial production of nano-metal powder modified plastics generally uses twin-screw extruders as the core equipment. The mainstream process route is as follows: plastic matrix granules are fed into the extruder through the main feed port and melted and plasticized under the action of screw conveying and external heating; nano-metal powder is added to the molten matrix through a side feed device, and the shearing, stretching and mixing action of the twin screws achieves the dispersion of the filler in the polymer; finally, the mixture is extruded through the die head, cooled and pelletized to obtain the finished granules. Some improved equipment improves the mixing effect by optimizing the screw element combination and adding a high-speed premixing device, which improves the uniformity of filler dispersion to a certain extent.

[0004] However, existing processing equipment still suffers from several intractable technical defects when adapting to the processing characteristics of nano-metal powders: Insufficient dispersion effect; nano-metal powders have a large specific surface area and extremely high surface energy, making them prone to forming hard agglomerates through van der Waals forces. The shear rate of ordinary twin-screw extruders is insufficient to fully break down these agglomerates, resulting in larger agglomerate sizes and poor dispersion uniformity in the finished product. This ultimately leads to significant fluctuations in the mechanical properties and electrical and thermal conductivity of the material, resulting in a low yield. Low feeding precision; nano-metal powder particles are fine, have a large angle of repose, and poor flowability. Conventional screw-type side-feeding devices are prone to powder bridging and material blockage, resulting in large feeding precision errors. This makes it impossible to achieve precise micro-addition, directly leading to significant differences in filler ratios between product batches and poor quality stability. Prominent oxidation risk; nano-metal powders have much higher activity than conventional powders. During feeding, conveying, and extrusion, they are highly susceptible to oxidation upon contact with air, forming an oxide shell on the particle surface. This significantly weakens their intrinsic electrical and thermal conductivity, reducing the modification effect. Localized overheating degradation: The thermal conductivity of metal powder is much higher than that of plastic matrix. During processing, the frictional heat generated by screw shearing can easily form local high temperature zones around the metal particles. This not only causes thermal degradation of the polymer matrix and discoloration of the material, but also further aggravates the oxidative deactivation of the nano metal powder.

[0005] In summary, existing modified plastics production equipment is ill-suited to the processing characteristics of nano-metal powders and cannot stably produce high-performance, high-quality nano-metal modified plastics products. Therefore, it is urgent to make targeted structural improvements to existing processing equipment and systematically solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides an equipment for producing modified plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials. This invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] A production and processing equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials includes a main unit. A driving unit and an extrusion unit are respectively provided at both ends of the main unit. A first feeding unit, a melting unit, a second feeding unit, an ultrasonic unit, and a zoned temperature control unit are sequentially provided on the upper side of the main unit along the axial direction from the driving unit to the extrusion unit. The first feeding unit is used to add plastic particles into the main unit, and the second feeding unit is used to add nano-metal powder into the main unit; the melting unit corresponds to the plastic melting section of the main unit and is used to heat and melt the plastic particles; the ultrasonic unit corresponds to the mixing section of the main unit and is used to apply ultrasonic oscillation to the mixture of molten plastic and nano-metal powder to assist in dispersion. The device also includes a gas circulation unit, which is connected to the main unit, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively, and is used to form an inert gas protective space that isolates air inside the main unit, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

[0008] Preferably, the main body unit includes a main frame, a first spiral rod and a second spiral rod arranged parallel to each other within the main frame, and both the first spiral rod and the second spiral rod are connected to the drive unit for transmission and are driven by the drive unit to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The first screw includes a first rotating shaft coaxially arranged, and a first plastic conveying section, a first melting section, a first mixing conveying section, a first mixing section and a first discharge conveying section arranged sequentially along the first rotating shaft along the axial direction; The second screw includes a second rotating shaft coaxially arranged, and a second plastic conveying section, a second melting section, a second mixing conveying section, a second mixing section, and a second discharge conveying section sequentially arranged along the second rotating shaft along the axial direction; The first plastic conveying section corresponds to the second plastic conveying section, the first mixing conveying section corresponds to the second mixing conveying section, and the first discharge conveying section corresponds to the second discharge conveying section. The spiral blades of the corresponding sections mesh with each other and have a large lead, forming the first conveying area, the second conveying area, and the third conveying area respectively. The first melting section and the second melting section are positioned correspondingly, and the first mixing section and the second mixing section are positioned correspondingly. The spiral blades of the corresponding sections are staggered and have a small lead, forming a plastic melting zone and a mixing and dispersing zone, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the first conveying zone is set at the discharge port of the first feeding unit, and is used to receive and convey plastic particles to the plastic melting zone; the plastic melting zone corresponds to the position of the melting unit, and is used to cooperate with the melting unit to complete the melting of plastic particles; the second conveying zone is set at the discharge port of the second feeding unit, and is used to receive nano-metal powder and convey it to the mixing and dispersing zone after combining it with molten plastic; the mixing and dispersing zone corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic unit, and is used to cooperate with the ultrasonic unit to complete the dispersion and deagglomeration of nano-metal powder; the third conveying zone is connected to the extrusion unit, and is used to convey the uniformly mixed melt to the extrusion unit for extrusion.

[0010] Preferably, the first feeding unit includes a first material cylinder, a first feed inlet at the top of the first material cylinder, a first discharge outlet at the bottom of the first material cylinder, a first stirring element disposed inside the first material cylinder, and a first air inlet on the first material cylinder. The first discharge port is connected to the interior of the main unit, and the first air inlet is connected to the gas circulation unit; the first stirring component includes a stirring shaft rotatably installed in the first material cylinder, and stirring blades and discharge blades fixed on the stirring shaft. The stirring shaft is driven to rotate by an external drive motor. The stirring blades are used to disturb the plastic particles to avoid bridging, and the discharge blades are used to control the discharge rate.

[0011] Preferably, the second feeding unit includes a second material cylinder, a second feeding port opened at the top of the second material cylinder, a high-precision weighing component, a second discharging port opened at the bottom of the second material cylinder, a second stirring component disposed inside the second material cylinder, and a second air inlet opened on the second material cylinder; The second feeding port is connected to the interior of the main unit, and the second air inlet is connected to the gas circulation unit; the high-precision weighing component is set below the second material cylinder and fixed on the main unit, and is used to detect the overall weight of the second feeding unit in real time; the structure of the second stirring component is the same as that of the first stirring component, and is used to agitate the nano metal powder and control the feeding rate.

[0012] Preferably, a flexible connector is provided at the second discharge port, and the second material cylinder is sealed to the main unit through the flexible connector.

[0013] Preferably, the gas circulation unit includes a gas storage tank, a first air passage, a first air inlet, a second air inlet, a third air inlet, and a circulation air passage; The outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the first air passage. The inlet ends of the first, second, and third air inlets are all connected in parallel to the first air passage. The outlet end of the first air inlet is connected to the interior of the main frame. The outlet end of the second air inlet is connected to the second air inlet. The outlet end of the third air inlet is connected to the first air inlet. The inlet end of the circulating air passage is connected to the tail end of the main frame, and the outlet end flows back to the gas storage tank, forming a closed-loop inert gas circulation circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the ultrasonic unit includes at least one set of ultrasonic transducers and an amplitude transformer, wherein the active end of the amplitude transformer extends into the main unit and contacts the melt.

[0015] Preferably, the partitioned temperature control unit is equipped with temperature sensors and heating and cooling components for each functional section of the main unit, and each functional section is independently temperature controlled to accurately control the melt temperature of each section.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the high-precision weighing component, the drive unit, and the second stirring component, respectively, and is used to collect real-time weight data from the high-precision weighing component.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By using twin screws rotating synchronously in the same direction, combined with a segmented spiral blade design, stable conveying of plastic granules, efficient melting, and uniform mixing of nano-metal powders are achieved, thereby improving the processing quality and production efficiency of modified plastics.

[0018] 2. The ultrasonic unit assists in dispersion through ultrasonic oscillation, and the staggered shearing action of the twin-screw blades in the mixing zone fully breaks down hard agglomerates of nano-metal powder. The cavitation and vibration effects of ultrasound promote the dispersion of nanoparticles, inhibit re-agglomeration, and improve melt flowability.

[0019] 3. By connecting the gas circulation unit with the main unit, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, a complete inert gas circulation protection system is formed inside the equipment to prevent the nano metal powder from oxidizing during processing and to ensure product quality.

[0020] 4. Through high-precision weighing components and PID algorithm closed-loop control, high-precision, stable and continuous feeding of nano-metal powder is achieved, ensuring the accuracy of the proportion; at the same time, in conjunction with the zoned temperature control unit, the temperature of each zone is precisely controlled through segmented temperature control to avoid local overheating around the metal particles and ensure the stability of product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas circulation unit in this invention; Figure 3 : A schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this invention; Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure in which the first helical rod and the second helical rod cooperate in this invention; Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the first feeding unit in this invention; Figure 6 : A cross-sectional structural diagram of the first feeding unit in this invention; Figure 7 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the second feeding unit in this invention; Figure 8 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the second discharge port in this invention.

[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Main unit; 11. Main frame; 12. First screw rod; 121. First rotating shaft; 122. First plastic conveying section; 123. First melting section; 124. First mixing conveying section; 125. First mixing section; 126. First discharge conveying section; 13. Second screw rod; 131. Second rotating shaft; 132. Second plastic conveying section; 133. Second melting section; 134. Second mixing conveying section; 135. Second mixing section; 136. Second discharge conveying section; 2. Drive unit; 3. Extrusion unit; 4. Melting unit; 5. Ultrasonic unit; 6. Zoned temperature control unit; 7. First feeding unit; 71. First material cylinder; 72. First feed inlet; 73. First discharge outlet; 74. First agitator; 741. Agitator shaft; 742. Agitator blades; 743. Discharge blades; 75. First air inlet; 8. Second feeding unit; 81. Second material cylinder; 82. Second feeding port; 83. High-precision weighing component; 84. Second discharge port; 841. Flexible connector; 85. Second stirring component; 86. Second air inlet; 9. Gas circulation unit; 91. Gas storage tank; 92. First air passage; 93. First air intake passage; 94. Second air intake passage; 95. Third air intake passage; 96. Circulation air passage. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the first embodiment of the present invention, a processing device for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials is provided. The device includes a main unit 1, with a drive unit 2 and an extrusion unit 3 fixedly mounted at both axial ends of the main unit 1. Along the upper surface of the main unit 1, from one end of the drive unit 2 to the other end of the extrusion unit 3, a first feeding unit 7, a melting unit 4, a second feeding unit 8, an ultrasonic unit 5, and a zoned temperature control unit 6 are sequentially fixedly arranged. The device also includes an independent gas circulation unit 9, which is connected to the main unit 1, the first feeding unit 7, and the second feeding unit 8 via sealed pipelines, forming an inert gas protective space that isolates the nano-metal powder from air throughout the processing, preventing oxidation and failure of the nano-metal powder during processing.

[0027] The main unit 1 includes a main frame 11 serving as the mounting base for the entire machine, and a first spiral rod 12 and a second spiral rod 13 arranged parallel to each other within the inner cavity of the main frame 11. The input ends of both the first spiral rod 12 and the second spiral rod 13 extend into the transmission box of the drive unit 2 and mesh with the transmission gear. The drive unit 2 adopts a structure of a geared motor and a distribution gearbox, which outputs power to drive the two spiral rods to rotate synchronously in the same direction and at the same speed, thereby realizing the functions of material conveying, melting, and mixing.

[0028] The first screw 12 includes a first rotating shaft 121 coaxially arranged. A first plastic conveying section 122, a first melting section 123, a first mixing conveying section 124, a first mixing section 125, and a first discharge conveying section 126 are integrally machined sequentially along the material conveying direction on the shaft of the first rotating shaft 121. Correspondingly, the second screw 13 includes a second rotating shaft 131 coaxially arranged. A second plastic conveying section 132, a second melting section 133, a second mixing conveying section 134, a second mixing section 135, and a second discharge conveying section 136 are integrally machined sequentially along the material conveying direction on the shaft of the second rotating shaft 131.

[0029] The functional sections of the two helical rods correspond one-to-one along the axial direction, wherein: The spiral blades of the first plastic conveying section 122 and the second plastic conveying section 132, the first mixing conveying section 124 and the second mixing conveying section 134, and the first discharge conveying section 126 and the second discharge conveying section 136 mesh with each other. All three sections adopt a positive thread structure with a large lead and shallow screw groove, forming the first conveying area, the second conveying area, and the third conveying area, respectively. These sections mainly undertake the function of smooth material conveying, with high conveying efficiency and weak shearing action, which can reduce unnecessary shearing heat generation.

[0030] The spiral blades of the first melting section 123 and the second melting section 133, and the first mixing section 125 and the second mixing section 135 are arranged alternately and adopt a small lead and a closely spaced meshing thread structure to form a plastic melting zone and a mixing and dispersion zone, respectively. The blade meshing gap of this type of section is small and the shear rate is high, which can apply strong shear and stretching action to the material, thereby realizing the efficient melting of plastic and the crushing and dispersion of nano-agglomerates, respectively.

[0031] The axial positions of each functional section correspond one-to-one with the upper unit: the first conveying zone is directly opposite the discharge port of the first feeding unit 7, the plastic melting zone is directly opposite the installation position of the melting unit 4, the second conveying zone is directly opposite the discharge port of the second feeding unit 8, the mixing and dispersing zone is directly opposite the installation position of the ultrasonic unit 5, and the end of the third conveying zone is connected to the extrusion unit 3.

[0032] The first feeding unit 7 is used for feeding and continuously conveying plastic matrix granules, and includes a first material cylinder 71, a first feed inlet 72, a first discharge inlet 73, a first agitator 74, and a first air inlet 75. The first feed inlet 72 is located at the top of the first material cylinder 71 and can be connected to the upstream feeding equipment; the first discharge inlet 73 is located at the bottom of the first material cylinder 71 and is sealed to the inner cavity of the main frame 11. The three are integrally formed to ensure structural airtightness. The first air inlet 75 is located at the upper part of the first material cylinder 71 and is connected to the pipeline of the gas circulation unit 9 to continuously introduce inert gas to maintain an oxygen-free micro-positive pressure environment inside the material cylinder.

[0033] The first stirring component 74 is vertically installed inside the first material cylinder 71, including a centrally located stirring shaft 741, and stirring blades 742 and feeding blades 743 fixed in layers on the stirring shaft 741. The top end of the stirring shaft 741 extends out of the top cover of the first material cylinder 71 and is connected to an external geared motor, which drives it to rotate at a constant speed. The upper stirring blades 742 are inclined paddle-shaped, continuously agitating the plastic particles inside the material cylinder during rotation to prevent particle bridging and blockage, ensuring stable feeding. The lower feeding blades 743 have a spiral structure and are set against the inner wall of the first feeding port 73. The feeding speed of the plastic particles can be linearly adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the stirring shaft 741.

[0034] The second feeding unit 8 is used for precise quantitative feeding of nano-metal powder. Its overall structure corresponds to that of the first feeding unit 7, including a second material cylinder 81, a second feed inlet 82, a high-precision weighing component 83, a second discharge port 84, a second stirring component 85, and a second air inlet 86. The structure and function of the second material cylinder 81, the second feed inlet 82, the second stirring component 85, and the second air inlet 86 are the same as those of the first material cylinder 71, the first feed inlet 72, the first stirring component 74, and the first air inlet 75, respectively, to achieve stable feeding of nano-metal powder and inert gas protection.

[0035] A high-precision weighing element 83 is installed below the second material cylinder 81. The bottom of the high-precision weighing element 83 is fixed on the mounting support of the main frame 11, and the top supports the overall structure of the second material cylinder 81. It can collect the overall weight data of the second feeding unit 8 in real time. By measuring the weight change per unit time, the actual feeding rate of the nano-metal powder can be accurately calculated. A flexible connector 841 is installed at the second discharge port 84. The second material cylinder 81 is sealed to the main frame 11 through the flexible connector 841, which isolates the vibration of the main unit 1 during operation from being transmitted to the material cylinder, eliminates the interference of vibration on the weighing accuracy, and ensures the accuracy of feeding and metering.

[0036] The melting unit 4 is installed on the outer wall of the plastic melting zone of the main frame 11. It adopts a cast aluminum electric heating ring and a heat-conducting bushing structure to uniformly heat the barrel in this section and transfer the heat to the internal material. Combined with the frictional heat generated by the screw shearing, the plastic particles are quickly melted into a continuous and uniform melt state.

[0037] The ultrasonic unit 5 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main frame 11 corresponding to the mixing and dispersion zone. It includes 2-4 sets of ultrasonic transducers and matching amplitude transformers. The active end of the amplitude transformer extends into the inner cavity of the main frame 11 through a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant titanium alloy sealed window, directly contacting the molten mixture. During operation, the transducers convert electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration, which is amplified by the amplitude transformer and transmitted into the melt. Utilizing the cavitation effect and micro-vibration effect of ultrasound, the hard agglomerates of nano-metal powder are broken up, while simultaneously improving melt flowability, inhibiting particle re-agglomeration, and enhancing dispersion uniformity.

[0038] The zoned temperature control unit 6 is arranged independently along the axial direction of the main frame 11, corresponding to the functional sections of conveying, melting, mixing, and discharging. Each section is equipped with a temperature sensor, an electric heating element, and a cooling water circuit. The temperature sensor collects the barrel and melt temperature of the corresponding section in real time, and feeds it back to the control system to independently adjust the heating power and cooling water flow rate, so as to achieve precise and independent temperature control of each section. This avoids the problem of local high temperature forming around the particles due to the high thermal conductivity of nano-metal particles, and prevents polymer thermal degradation and powder oxidation and discoloration.

[0039] The gas circulation unit 9 provides inert gas protection for the entire equipment, including a gas storage tank 91, a first gas channel 92, a first air inlet 93, a second air inlet 94, a third air inlet 95, and a circulation gas channel 96; The gas storage tank 91 is used to store high-purity nitrogen or argon, and its outlet is connected to the first gas channel 92 of the main line. Three branch gas channels are connected in parallel on the first gas channel 92: the first gas inlet 93 enters the front end of the inner cavity of the main frame 11, the second gas inlet 94 is connected to the second gas inlet 86 of the second feeding unit 8, and the third gas inlet 95 is connected to the first gas inlet 75 of the first feeding unit 7, respectively filling the three spaces with inert gas to replace the internal air.

[0040] The air inlet of the circulating air duct 96 is connected to the upper part of the tail end of the main frame 11, and the air outlet is connected back to the air inlet side of the air storage tank 91. Gas purification and pressure stabilization components are provided on the pipeline to form a complete closed-loop gas circulation circuit; it can continuously maintain the oxygen content inside the equipment at an extremely low level, while reducing the consumption of inert gas.

[0041] The extrusion unit 3 is installed at the material output end of the main frame 11. It includes an extruder head and a replaceable die. The uniformly mixed modified plastic melt is conveyed to this place through the third conveying zone and extruded into continuous strips through the die. The finished modified plastic granules can be obtained by water cooling, air drying and pelletizing processes.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this is the second embodiment of the present invention, which, based on embodiment 1, details the working steps and processing flow of the device as follows: Before the equipment starts production, the gas circulation unit 9 is turned on to fill the first feeding unit 7, the second feeding unit 8 and the main unit 1 with high-purity nitrogen. The internal air is continuously replaced through the circulation channel 96, and a slightly positive pressure inert protective atmosphere is maintained throughout the process.

[0044] The start-up drive unit 2 drives the two screw rods to rotate synchronously in the same direction, feeding plastic matrix particles into the first feed cylinder 71 from the first feed port 72; the first stirring element 74 rotates at low speed, the stirring blades 742 continuously disturb the particles to prevent bridging, and the feeding blades 743 uniformly feed the plastic particles into the first conveying area of ​​the main unit 1; the large-lead first plastic conveying section 122 and the second plastic conveying section 132 mesh and rotate, smoothly conveying the plastic particles forward to the plastic melting area.

[0045] After the plastic granules enter the plastic melting zone, the melting unit 4 externally heats the barrel, and with the shearing heat generated by the small-lead staggered blades, the plastic granules are rapidly heated and completely melted to form a continuous and uniform plastic melt.

[0046] The molten plastic continues to flow into the second conveying zone; simultaneously, nano-metal powder is fed into the second feed cylinder 81 through the second inlet 82. The second agitator 85 rotates, causing the powder to be fed at a uniform speed, falling into the second conveying zone from the second outlet 84, where it merges with the forward-flowing molten plastic. A high-precision weighing device 83 monitors the weight change of the feed cylinder in real time, ensuring accurate and stable nano-powder addition ratios through closed-loop control.

[0047] After merging, the materials are conveyed into the mixing and dispersion zone by the screw. The staggered small-lead blades of the first mixing section 125 and the second mixing section 135 apply high-intensity shearing action to the materials, initially breaking up the soft agglomerates and some hard agglomerates of the nano-metal powder. At the same time, the ultrasonic unit 5 is activated, applying high-frequency ultrasonic oscillation to the mixture. The micro-jet generated by the cavitation effect further breaks up the hard agglomerates and promotes the uniform diffusion of nanoparticles in the melt, inhibiting the re-agglomeration of particles, and finally achieving nanoscale uniform dispersion of nano-metal powder in the plastic matrix.

[0048] The dispersed melt continues to move forward into the third conveying zone, and is smoothly conveyed to the extrusion unit 3 through the first discharge conveying section 126 and the second discharge conveying section 136. It is continuously extruded into uniform strips through the die head. The strips are then cooled in a water cooling tank, dried in an air dryer, and granulated by a pelletizer to obtain nano-metal powder modified plastic finished product granules.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this is the third embodiment of the present invention, which, based on embodiments 1 and 2, details the online monitoring and closed-loop control system of the equipment as follows: This equipment is equipped with an industrial PLC control system, which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor of the zone temperature control unit 6, the high-precision weighing component 83, the drive unit 2, the drive motors of each stirring component, the ultrasonic unit 5, and the oxygen content sensor of the gas circulation unit 9, to realize online monitoring and automatic closed-loop adjustment of the process parameters throughout the entire process.

[0051] The high-precision weighing component 83 collects the total weight of the second feeding unit 8 in real time. The system calculates the amount of weight reduction per unit time to obtain the actual feeding rate, and compares it with the set feeding rate. When a deviation occurs, the rotation speed of the second stirring component 85 is adjusted in real time through the PID algorithm, and the screw speed of the fine-tuning drive unit 2 is simultaneously adjusted to ensure the stable ratio of nano-metal powder to plastic matrix and meet the requirements of micro-precision addition process.

[0052] Temperature sensors in each section collect barrel and melt temperatures in real time. The system independently adjusts the heating power and cooling water flow rate of each section according to the set process parameters. When the temperature in the mixing zone exceeds the limit due to strong shear heating, the system automatically increases the cooling water flow rate and appropriately reduces the screw speed to avoid plastic degradation and powder oxidation caused by local overheating around the nano-metal particles, thus ensuring that the melt temperature fluctuation is controlled within a reasonable range.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A production and processing equipment for adding nano-metal powder materials to modify plastics, comprising a main unit (1), characterized in that, The main body unit (1) is provided with a driving unit (2) and an extrusion unit (3) at both ends respectively. The upper side of the main body unit (1) is provided with a first feeding unit (7), a melting unit (4), a second feeding unit (8), an ultrasonic unit (5), and a zoned temperature control unit (6) in sequence along the axial direction from the driving unit (2) to the extrusion unit (3). The first feeding unit (7) is used to add plastic particles into the main body unit (1), and the second feeding unit (8) is used to add nano metal powder into the main body unit (1); the melting unit (4) corresponds to the plastic melting section of the main body unit (1) and is used to heat and melt the plastic particles; the ultrasonic unit (5) corresponds to the mixing section of the main body unit (1) and is used to apply ultrasonic oscillation to the mixture of molten plastic and nano metal powder to assist in dispersion. The device also includes a gas circulation unit (9), which is connected to the main body unit (1), the first feeding unit (7) and the second feeding unit (8) respectively, and is used to form an air-isolated inert gas protective space inside the main body unit (1), the first feeding unit (7) and the second feeding unit (8).

2. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body unit (1) includes a main frame (11), a first spiral rod (12) and a second spiral rod (13) arranged in parallel within the main frame (11). The first spiral rod (12) and the second spiral rod (13) are both connected to the drive unit (2) for transmission and are driven by the drive unit (2) to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The first screw rod (12) includes a first rotating shaft (121) coaxially arranged, and a first plastic conveying section (122), a first melting section (123), a first mixing conveying section (124), a first mixing section (125) and a first discharge conveying section (126) arranged sequentially along the first rotating shaft (121) along the axial direction. The second screw (13) includes a second rotating shaft (131) coaxially arranged, and a second plastic conveying section (132), a second melting section (133), a second mixing conveying section (134), a second mixing section (135) and a second discharge conveying section (136) arranged sequentially along the second rotating shaft (131) along the axial direction. The first plastic conveying section (122) and the second plastic conveying section (132) are in the same position, the first mixing conveying section (124) and the second mixing conveying section (134) are in the same position, and the first discharge conveying section (126) and the second discharge conveying section (136) are in the same position. The spiral blades of the corresponding sections mesh with each other and have a large lead, forming the first conveying area, the second conveying area and the third conveying area respectively. The first melting section (123) and the second melting section (133) are in the same position, and the first mixing section (125) and the second mixing section (135) are in the same position. The spiral blades of the corresponding sections are staggered and have a small lead, forming a plastic melting zone and a mixing and dispersing zone respectively.

3. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first conveying zone is set at the discharge port of the first feeding unit (7) and is used to receive and convey plastic particles to the plastic melting zone; the plastic melting zone is located in the same position as the melting unit (4) and is used to cooperate with the melting unit (4) to complete the melting of plastic particles; the second conveying zone is set at the discharge port of the second feeding unit (8) and is used to receive nano-metal powder and convey it to the mixing and dispersing zone after combining it with the molten plastic; the mixing and dispersing zone is located in the same position as the ultrasonic unit (5) and is used to cooperate with the ultrasonic unit (5) to complete the dispersion and deagglomeration of nano-metal powder; the third conveying zone is connected to the extrusion unit (3) and is used to convey the uniformly mixed melt to the extrusion unit (3) for extrusion.

4. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feeding unit (7) includes a first material cylinder (71), a first inlet (72) opened at the top of the first material cylinder (71), a first discharge port (73) opened at the bottom of the first material cylinder (71), a first stirring member (74) disposed inside the first material cylinder (71), and a first air inlet (75) opened on the first material cylinder (71). The first discharge port (73) is connected to the interior of the main body unit (1), and the first air inlet (75) is connected to the gas circulation unit (9); the first stirring component (74) includes a stirring shaft (741) rotatably installed in the first material cylinder (71), and stirring blades (742) and discharge blades (743) fixed on the stirring shaft (741). The stirring shaft (741) is driven to rotate by an external drive motor. The stirring blades (742) are used to disturb the plastic particles to avoid bridging, and the discharge blades (743) are used to control the discharge rate.

5. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second feeding unit (8) includes a second material cylinder (81), a second feeding port (82) opened at the top of the second material cylinder (81), a high-precision weighing component (83), a second discharge port (84) opened at the bottom of the second material cylinder (81), a second stirring component (85) disposed inside the second material cylinder (81), and a second air inlet (86) opened on the second material cylinder (81). The second discharge port (84) is connected to the interior of the main body unit (1), and the second air inlet (86) is connected to the gas circulation unit (9); the high-precision weighing component (83) is set below the second material cylinder (81) and fixed on the main body unit (1) for real-time detection of the overall weight of the second feeding unit (8); the structure of the second stirring component (85) is the same as that of the first stirring component (74), and it is used to agitate the nano metal powder and control the feeding rate.

6. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flexible connector (841) is provided at the second discharge port (84), and the second material cylinder (81) is sealed to the main body unit (1) through the flexible connector (841).

7. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas circulation unit (9) includes a gas storage tank (91), a first air passage (92), a first air inlet (93), a second air inlet (94), a third air inlet (95), and a circulation air passage (96). The outlet of the gas storage tank (91) is connected to the first air passage (92). The air inlets of the first air inlet (93), the second air inlet (94), and the third air inlet (95) are all connected in parallel to the first air passage (92). The air outlet of the first air inlet (93) is connected to the interior of the main frame (11). The air outlet of the second air inlet (94) is connected to the second air inlet (86). The air outlet of the third air inlet (95) is connected to the first air inlet (75). The air inlet of the circulating air passage (96) is connected to the tail end of the main frame (11), and the air outlet flows back to the gas storage tank (91), forming a closed-loop inert gas circulation loop.

8. The equipment for modifying plastics production and processing by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic unit (5) includes at least one set of ultrasonic transducers and an amplitude transformer, the working end of which extends into the main body unit (1) and contacts the melt.

9. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition temperature control unit (6) is equipped with temperature sensors and heating and cooling components for each functional section of the main unit (1). Each functional section is independently temperature controlled to accurately control the melt temperature of each section.

10. The equipment for modifying plastics by adding nano-metal powder materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the high-precision weighing component (83), the drive unit (2), and the second stirring component (85), respectively, and is used to collect real-time weight data from the high-precision weighing component (83).

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