Stacked busbar hot press tray alignment, restraint release, and hot plate compensation system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a laminated busbar hot-pressing tray alignment, constraint release and hot plate compensation system and method. The system comprises a shared bearing tray, an alignment reference assembly, a pre-hot-pressing holding assembly, a dynamic constraint release assembly, a hot plate hot-state calibration compensation assembly, a state detection assembly and a controller. The controller establishes a constraint state table of process stage-constraint object-feedback signal-admission condition according to product specifications, so that the layer material is kept by the main reference positioning piece, the secondary reference positioning piece and the pre-hot-pressing holding assembly in the assembly, transfer and detection stages, and at least two types of constraints are converted into the yielding, floating, unloading or low friction state before the initial closing, temperature rising or pressure building of the hot pressing. The hot plate hot-state calibration compensation assembly determines the theoretical slip amount and compensation amount of the supporting point based on the hot plate size, support layout, temperature field, load and measured target displacement, and re-measures the hot-state surface shape residual error. The system takes the constraint release to position, compensation to position and residual error qualification as the common admission conditions of the corresponding hot pressing stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the manufacturing of laminated busbars, hot pressing, flexible production line pallet transfer, fixture control, hot plate hot surface shape calibration and compensation technology, and especially to the alignment and maintenance of laminated busbar layers in multi-station transfer, revocable positioning constraints before and after entering the hot pressing stage, low strength maintenance and zoned unloading, hot plate support sliding, hot surface shape measurement compensation and interlock control in the hot pressing stage. Background Technology

[0002] Laminated busbars are typically formed by laminating conductive layers (such as copper or aluminum busbars), insulating layers, adhesive films, cover layers, insulating layers, and partial inserts, followed by hot pressing and curing. Before hot pressing, each layer needs to maintain consistent alignment at mounting holes, welding areas, insulation boundaries, outlines, and process waste edges. During hot pressing, the insulating film, adhesive film, and adjacent layers undergo thermal expansion, softening, thickness compression, or local slippage under the influence of temperature, pressure, and adhesive film flow. Therefore, the manufacturing process of laminated busbars simultaneously presents the opposing requirements of maintaining stability before hot pressing and releasing unfavorable constraints during hot pressing.

[0003] Existing hot pressing solutions for laminated busbars typically focus on the configuration of hot pressing equipment, hot pressing molds, temperature rise and insulation, pressing load, cooling station, or pressing cycle. While these solutions can provide the temperature and pressure conditions required for pressing the laminates, they often lack structured designs for how the same alignment reference is inherited between the stages of feeding, stacking, testing, pre-pressing, transfer, and hot pressing, and how the holding structures such as positioning, holding, and adsorption are released sequentially during the hot pressing stage. They also lack engineering implementation methods that correlate and store holding forces, release states, and hot pressing stage access conditions.

[0004] In flexible production lines, shared support pallets can carry laminated busbar semi-finished products between multiple workstations. While using fixed positioning pins, rigid guards, or rigid grippers to hold the layers for extended periods can improve positional stability during transfer and inspection, these rigid holding structures can restrict thermal expansion, film flow, and thickness compression during hot pressing processes such as closing, heating, pressure building, and holding. This can also lead to localized over-constraint at hole locations, insulation edges, process waste edges, or pressing boundaries. After hot pressing, if hole-peripheral stretching, insulation wrinkling, edge indentations, or interlayer misalignment occur, it is difficult to determine whether these are related to a specific positioning component, pressing component, or negative pressure holding condition.

[0005] Conversely, if the positioning and holding structures on the tray are completely removed before hot pressing, the laminate may shift relative to the substrate due to vibration, airflow, static electricity, film warping, or insufficient initial adhesion before transfer, waiting, visual inspection, pre-pressing, or mold closing. This can lead to inconsistencies between the inspection reference, tray reference, and hot pressing reference. Especially in scenarios with multiple product types, small batches, or flexible buffers, the laminate needs to maintain sufficient stability before entering the hot pressing station, while once in the hot pressing stage, rigid constraints that hinder thermal expansion and film flow need to be reduced.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper or lower hot plate in the hot pressing station will experience thermal expansion, support point slippage, and changes in hot surface shape under the effects of heating, heat preservation, pressing load, and cooling cycles. If multiple rigid fixing points are set between the hot plate and the frame, the in-plane expansion of the hot plate may be constrained by multiple points and form a second in-plane positioning reference, thus affecting the hot working surface shape. If only cold-state leveling, fixing shims, or manual experience compensation are relied upon, the hot unloaded surface shape, hot loaded surface shape, support point slippage, and the residual after compensation are difficult to correlate with the hot pressing stage access conditions.

[0007] Therefore, a technical solution is needed for the flexible production and hot pressing of laminated busbars. This solution should enable the laminates to maintain a unified alignment reference through a shared bearing tray before hot pressing, release or weaken unfavorable constraints according to the process state during hot pressing, and incorporate the hot plate surface shape, support point slippage, compensation execution, residual retesting, and abnormal retreat states into a control interlock. This technical solution should allocate the two opposing requirements of "maintaining stability before hot pressing" and "releasing degrees of freedom during hot pressing" to different stages and structural states, in order to balance alignment stability before hot pressing, constraint release during hot pressing, and traceability of the hot plate surface shape. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide a system and method for aligning, releasing constraints, and compensating hot plates of stacked busbar hot pressing trays, which solves the problem that it is difficult to balance maintaining stability before hot pressing and releasing unfavorable constraints during hot pressing in the existing stacked busbar hot pressing process, and solves the problem that it is difficult to form a closed loop with the hot pressing stage access for hot plate hot surface shape changes, support point slippage, compensation execution status, and post-compensation residuals.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a stacked busbar hot-pressing tray alignment, constraint release, and hot plate compensation system, including a shared load-bearing tray, an alignment reference component, a hot-pressing pre-holding component, a dynamic constraint release component, a hot plate thermal calibration compensation component, a status detection component, and a controller.

[0010] The shared support tray carries at least two layers of the laminated busbar and moves between loading, stacking, inspection, pre-pressing, transfer, or hot-pressing stations. An alignment reference assembly is mounted on the shared support tray to establish the product coordinates of the layers relative to the tray's coordinate reference before hot pressing, and to allow for the release of degrees of freedom for in-plane thermal expansion or film flow of the layers during hot pressing, while also allowing for layer thickness compression. Hot plate support sliding is handled by the hot plate thermal calibration compensation assembly; the release of degrees of freedom for the layers and the hot plate support sliding are managed separately in structure and control logic.

[0011] The alignment reference assembly includes a primary reference positioning component, a secondary reference positioning component, and a floating limiting component. The primary reference positioning component defines the first reference point of the layer material and establishes the product coordinates before hot pressing; the secondary reference positioning component defines the directional reference of the layer material and allows the layer material to undergo in-plane displacement along at least one preset release direction through a long-round fit, unidirectional guidance, or groove guidance; the floating limiting component restricts layer material offset during the transfer and inspection stages and allows the layer material to undergo slight slippage along the preset release direction during the hot pressing stage. Thus, the alignment reference assembly forms a clear reference before hot pressing, reduces the accumulation of multi-point rigid constraints during hot pressing, and avoids the formation of a closed rigid positioning ring within the layer material surface.

[0012] Pre-press holding components are used to maintain the relative position of the layers during assembly, transfer, testing, or pre-pressing stages. These components may include at least one of a negative pressure holding unit, a flexible pressure finger unit, a floating frame unit, or a localized point-pressure unit. The negative pressure holding unit is preferably a low-strength surface holding structure whose holding force is used to resist transfer disturbances, film warping, and slight interlayer movement, and is not used to provide hot-pressing pressure. Micro-holes or shallow grooves on the bearing surface are preferably arranged in non-functional areas of the layers, process waste areas, or areas of insulating layers where adsorption is permitted, avoiding exposed conductive areas of copper busbars, solder areas, plating areas, and locations where adsorption marks are not permitted. Flexible pressure finger units or floating frame units are used to hold non-functional edges, process waste edges, or insulating cover edges that allow for holding, and can retract, open, or transition to a low-preload floating state before the hot press closes or during the initial low-pressure phase.

[0013] The dynamic constraint release component is used to convert at least some positioning or holding constraints into a retracted, floating, unloading, or low-friction state when the pallet arrives at the hot-pressing station and meets the hot-pressing stage conditions, or meets the pre-pressing or transfer conditions associated with the hot-pressing action. The dynamic constraint release component may include at least two of the following: a positioning retraction mechanism, a clamp release mechanism, a negative pressure unloading mechanism, and a low-friction conversion mechanism. These mechanisms may operate sequentially according to a predetermined constraint release sequence, or they may operate in parallel or selectively based on product specifications, film flow window, whether the pallet has entered the hot-pressing chamber, the hot-pressing machine closing signal, temperature stage, or pressure stage. The controller may store a constraint state table to define the constraints that are allowed to remain, the constraints that must be released or weakened, and the corresponding feedback signals for each stage.

[0014] The status detection component is used to detect or acquire pallet position, pallet identification results, positioning component position, holding status, hot pressing stage signals, hot plate displacement, measurement target status, compensation execution status, or measurement data used to calculate retest residuals. The status detection component includes a sensor group, a signal acquisition module, and a hot press signal interface. The sensor group corresponds at least to pallet positioning, positioning pin position, pressure finger status, negative pressure, temperature, pressure, hot plate displacement, measurement target status, and visual recognition signals. The controller controls the dynamic constraint release component and the hot plate thermal calibration compensation component based on the signals from the status detection component, and performs access judgments for pallet positioning, positioning component retraction, negative pressure unloading, clamp opening, measurement target signal, compensation execution status, retest residuals, and failure rollback status. When any necessary status does not meet the corresponding hot pressing stage conditions, the controller prohibits the hot press from entering the corresponding stage, or keeps the equipment at low pressure, keeps the mold open, waits for retesting, or enters the manual confirmation process.

[0015] The hot plate thermal calibration compensation assembly is used to receive or store hot plate dimensions, effective pressing area, material parameters, heating or cooling channel positions, support layout, temperature field, pressing load, and target hot surface tolerances. The hot plate is either the upper or lower hot plate of a hot press. Fixed reference supports and sliding supports are respectively a fixed reference seat and a low-constraint sliding seat, used to determine the theoretical slippage, compensation amount, or compensation limit of the support points. The hot plate support structure includes at least one fixed reference support and at least one sliding support. The fixed reference support can be formed by a locating pin, a stop, or a reference seat, while the sliding support can be formed by an elongated hole, a guide rail, a roller, or a low-friction pad. The fixed reference support is used to establish the hot plate installation reference, and the sliding support allows the hot plate to displace along the theoretical slippage direction calculated from the coefficient of linear expansion, effective pressing area dimensions, temperature field, and support point positions. For load-bearing, anti-rotation, or anti-detachment connection points that still need to be retained, gaps, elongated holes, floating clamping, or low-friction contact structures are used to prevent them from forming a second in-plane positioning reference within the hot plate working surface.

[0016] The hot plate thermal calibration compensation assembly may also include a hot plate displacement sensor, a measuring target, and a compensation actuator. The measuring target's mounting surface is located on the edge, back, or follow-up measuring bracket of the hot plate body, and forms a displacement correspondence with the hot plate working surface through a fixed connection, a follow-up connection, or a calibrated force transmission measuring structure, allowing sensor readings to be mapped to the target's thermal surface shape. The compensation actuator can be at least one of a wedge, a servo push rod, or a hydraulic micro-cylinder, used to apply micro-displacement or micro-load to the back of the hot plate body or the area near the support point, and is selected based on compensation stroke, compensation force, response time, backlash, power-off retention, failure retreat, and maintenance accessibility. The controller can determine the compensation amount based on the influence coefficient of the compensation actuator on the hot plate measuring point, and in the failure retreat state, prevent the compensation actuator from applying additional loads exceeding safety limits to the hot plate, tooling, or laminated busbar materials.

[0017] This application also provides a method for aligning, releasing constraints, and compensating for hot-pressing pallets of laminated busbars, comprising: establishing a constraint status table and hot-pressing compensation parameters based on product specifications, layer material type, adhesive film flow window, and hot-pressing process stage; associating the stage access conditions in the constraint status table with the compensation limits in the hot-pressing compensation parameters; positioning the layers on a shared bearing pallet using a primary reference positioning component, a secondary reference positioning component, and a floating limit component; activating the pre-hot-pressing holding assembly to maintain the relative position of the layers; monitoring the pallet position, alignment status, holding status, and pallet identity during transfer and pre-hot-pressing inspection; and controlling the dynamic constraint release when the pallet arrives at the hot-pressing station and meets the hot-pressing stage conditions. The components convert at least some positioning constraints or holding constraints into a yielding, floating, unloading, or low-friction state, and confirm that the constraints are released in place; determine the compensation amount based on the cold state morphology, hot unloaded morphology, hot loaded morphology, support point slippage, temperature field, load, and target hot surface tolerance; drive the compensation actuator to perform compensation and re-measure the residual, forming a hot plate hot calibration record; allow the hot press to enter the corresponding hot pressing stage after the constraint release state meets the corresponding stage access conditions, the compensation execution state and the re-measured residual meet the set threshold corresponding to the target hot surface tolerance; after the hot pressing is completed, reset the alignment reference component, the pre-hot pressing holding component, the dynamic constraint release component, and the compensation actuator.

[0018] Beneficial effects Compared with solutions that rely solely on fixed positioning pins, rigid grippers, or ordinary hot pressing molds, this application establishes a unified pallet coordinate reference before hot pressing by sharing a load-bearing pallet and alignment reference components. This allows the layer material to be maintained and verified along the same coordinate system during the feeding, stacking, transfer, inspection, and pre-pressing stages, which helps reduce the risk of inconsistencies between the inspection reference and the hot pressing reference during multi-station flow.

[0019] This application, through the allocation of degrees of freedom among the primary reference positioning component, secondary reference positioning component, and floating limiting component, enables the laminate to have a clear positioning reference before hot pressing, and to generate release displacement along a predetermined direction during the hot pressing stage. This structure helps to reduce the cumulative constraint caused by the simultaneous action of multiple rigid positioning points, and helps to reduce the risk of periphery pulling, insulating film wrinkling, edge indentation, or interlayer relative misalignment.

[0020] This application provides low-strength retention before hot pressing by using negative pressure holding units, elastic pressure finger units, floating frame units, or local point pressure units. It also reduces the risk of overall drift of the laminate at the moment of release by holding force grading, partitioned unloading, or slow unloading. At the same time, the dynamic constraint release component converts the positioning constraint or holding constraint into a yielding, floating, unloading, or low-friction state during the hot pressing stage, so that the retention before hot pressing and the release during hot pressing correspond to different process stages. This structural mechanism mitigates the adverse effects of the fixed holding structure on thermal expansion, film flow, and thickness compression.

[0021] This application establishes a closed-loop confirmation mechanism between constraint release actions and hot pressing stage conditions by detecting pallet position, positioning component position, negative pressure state, pressure finger state, hot press closure signal, hot plate displacement, measuring target state, and compensation execution state. When the positioning component fails to retract, the negative pressure is not unloaded, the clamping component is not opened, the measuring target signal is abnormal, compensation execution is incomplete, or failure retraction is not confirmed, the controller can prevent entry into the corresponding hot pressing stage, or maintain low pressure, keep the mold open, wait for retesting, or initiate a manual confirmation process, thereby improving the controllability and traceability of the process.

[0022] This application utilizes a hot plate hot-state calibration compensation component, taking the hot plate dimensions, effective pressing area, material parameters, heating or cooling channel location, support layout, temperature field, load, and target hot-state surface shape tolerance as inputs for the theoretical slip and compensation amounts of the support points. This allows the hot plate hot-state surface shape control to be verified based on hot-state unloaded, hot-state loaded, and post-compensation remeasurement residuals. This method helps reduce the risk of pressing deviations caused by inconsistencies between the cold-state and hot-state working surface shapes and facilitates the creation of traceable hot-state calibration records.

[0023] This application maps hold, release, compensation, and interlock conditions to specific process stages through a constraint state table. This is beneficial for calling different release timings and compensation parameters according to product specifications in multi-variety, small-batch, or flexible caching scenarios, reducing the risk of process fluctuations caused by manual experience switching.

[0024] This application uses a hot plate support structure with at least one fixed reference support and at least one sliding support, which enables the hot plate to release in-plane expansion along the theoretical sliding direction under heating and load. For connection points that bear load, prevent rotation, or prevent detachment, by avoiding the formation of a second in-plane positioning reference, it is beneficial to reduce the influence of over-constraint of the hot plate support on the hot surface shape.

[0025] This application integrates thermal surface compensation with a safe backoff mechanism through the design of the compensation actuator's compensation stroke, compensation force, response time, backlash, power-off retention, failure retreat, and maintenance accessibility. In the event of power failure, gas supply failure, sensor failure, compensation overtravel, or residual exceeding limits, the compensation actuator can enter a power-off retention or failure retreat state, which helps reduce the risk of additional load damage to the hot plate, tooling, or laminated busbar materials caused by the compensation mechanism.

[0026] This application, through a combination of phased constraint management, hot plate support sliding, hot surface calibration compensation, and state interlocking, enables the recording and traceability of tray alignment deviation, positioning component retraction status, negative pressure unloading records, pressure finger status records, hot surface residual records, compensation execution records, and abnormal status logs corresponding to specific process stages. The aforementioned effects stem from the synergy between the allocation of degrees of freedom across different process stages, low-strength maintenance, revocable constraints, and the closed-loop hot plate hot compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the shared load-bearing tray, alignment reference assembly, negative pressure holding unit, and elastic pressure finger in this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the negative pressure holding unit, negative pressure chamber, and negative pressure unloading valve of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hot plate body, the hot plate working surface, the heating channel or cooling channel, and the hot plate displacement sensor of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the tray alignment retention, constraint release and hot plate compensation components of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the timing of actions and interlock signals for holding the device in place before hot pressing and releasing the constraint during hot pressing.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of the shared carrying pallet in various workstations of the flexible production line, as well as the relationship between the pallet identification unit, controller recipe call, and hot plate calibration data access.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hot calibration, compensation, retesting of residuals, and interlocking rollback process of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Shared load-bearing pallet; 2. Stacked busbar material; 3. Primary reference positioning component; 4. Secondary reference positioning component; 5. Floating limit component; 6. Negative pressure holding unit; 7. Negative pressure chamber; 8. Negative pressure unloading valve; 9. Elastic pressure finger; 10. Positioning component retraction mechanism and dynamic constraint release assembly; 11. Pallet identification unit and visual reference mark; 12. Controller and status detection assembly; 13. Hot plate thermal calibration compensation assembly; 14. Hot plate body and effective pressing area range; 15. Hot plate working surface and 16. Heating or cooling channels formed within the hot plate body or attached to the back of the hot plate; 17. Fixed reference support, including reference seat, locating pin or clamping bolt; 18. Sliding support, including elongated hole support, guide rail slider, roller support or low friction pad preload support; 19. Hot plate displacement sensor; 20. Measurement target; 21. Compensation actuator; 22. Failure retraction mechanism and power failure holding structure, including return spring, limit stop, pressure relief circuit or normally closed brake. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following combination Figures 1 to 7 The embodiments of this application are further described below. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application; where there is no conflict, the structures, control steps, detection methods and control parameters in each embodiment can be combined.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the shared support tray 1 is used to support the laminated busbar layer 2, which may include conductive layers, insulating layers, adhesive layers, covering layers, or other layers that need to participate in thermoforming. The shared support tray 1 can be transferred between the loading, stacking, inspection, pre-pressing, transfer, and thermoforming stations, so that the coordinate reference of the same tray can be inherited between multiple stations.

[0037] In one embodiment, the bearing surface of the shared bearing tray 1 is provided with a primary reference positioning element 3, a secondary reference positioning element 4, and a floating limiting element 5. The primary reference positioning element 3 is used to define a first reference point for the stacked motherboard layer 2; the secondary reference positioning element 4 is used to define the directional reference of the stacked motherboard layer 2, and allows the layer to generate release displacement in at least one direction through a long circle fit, a groove guide, or a one-way stop; the floating limiting element 5 is used to limit the layer offset during the transfer and inspection stages, and allows the layer to generate a small amount of slippage in a preset direction during the hot pressing stage.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the primary reference positioning component 3 can be a liftable cylindrical pin, a tapered pin, a stepped pin, or a reference stop; the secondary reference positioning component 4 can be an elongated pin, a one-way stop, or a grooved guide; and the floating limiting component 5 can be an elastic flange, a roller flange, a low-friction slider, or a spring-preloaded limiting block. The primary reference positioning component 3, the secondary reference positioning component 4, and the floating limiting component 5 together form a constraint chain that maintains positioning before hot pressing and releases or weakens constraints during hot pressing. This constraint chain constrains the origin and direction of the layer material coordinates before hot pressing and releases at least one in-plane degree of freedom or reduces one edge constraint force during the hot pressing stage.

[0039] As a method of allocating degrees of freedom, the primary reference positioning element 3 defines the in-plane origin of the laminate before hot pressing, the secondary reference positioning element 4 defines the angular or unidirectional reference of the laminate, and the floating limiting element 5 only provides anti-warping, anti-movement, or free edge protection functions. During the hot pressing stage, the secondary reference positioning element 4 and the floating limiting element 5 are preferentially converted to a state that allows slippage, and the primary reference positioning element 3 can be retracted or weakened after low-pressure closure, thereby avoiding multiple positioning points from forming closed constraints when the laminate expands thermally or the adhesive film flows.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pre-pressing retaining assembly may include at least one of the following: a negative pressure retaining unit 6, an elastic pressure finger 9, a floating frame, or a localized point-pressure structure. The negative pressure retaining unit 6 may include micro-holes or shallow grooves on the bearing surface, a negative pressure chamber 7, a negative pressure pipeline, and a negative pressure unloading valve 8. The micro-holes or shallow grooves on the bearing surface are preferably arranged in non-functional areas, process waste areas, or insulating layer areas where adsorption is permitted in the laminated busbar layer 2, and avoid exposed conductive areas of the copper busbar, soldering areas, plating areas, and locations where adsorption marks are not permitted.

[0041] The negative pressure holding unit 6 is used to provide low-strength surface retention during the stacking, transfer, waiting, testing, or pre-compression stages of the laminates. Its holding force is used to resist transfer disturbances, film warping, and slight interlayer movement, and is not used to provide hot-compression pressure. The negative pressure unloading valve 8 is used to unload the negative pressure or reduce the negative pressure below a preset release threshold when the constraint release conditions are met, so that the negative pressure holding does not hinder the thermal expansion of the laminates, film flow, or thickness compression.

[0042] The term "low-strength surface retention" as used in this application refers to a retention state where the negative pressure or holding force is sufficient to resist disturbances during assembly, transportation, and testing, but is below the limit value that would cause the laminate to form adsorption marks, edge indentations, or buckling. The target retention range can be expressed as Fmin≤Fh≤Fmax, where Fh is the actual retention force formed by negative pressure or holding. The actual retention force formed by negative pressure retention is obtained by multiplying the pressure difference inside and outside the negative pressure chamber by the effective adsorption area, and the actual retention force formed by holding is obtained by the calibration value of the pressure finger preload. Fmin is determined by at least one of the laminate mass, tray transportation acceleration, airflow disturbance, electrostatic adsorption, and safety factor. Fmax is determined by at least one of the allowable indentation amount, laminate bending stiffness, film softening window, adsorption or holding area, and pre-calibration results. In terms of control, the negative pressure value, pressure finger preload, or floating frame preload can be limited within the target retention range, and the state exceeding the target retention range can be used as an interlocking condition for the hot pressing stage.

[0043] In one negative pressure zoning method, the negative pressure chamber 7 can be divided into a reference side negative pressure zone near the main reference positioning component 3, a directional side negative pressure zone near the secondary reference positioning component 4, and a free side negative pressure zone near the free edge. During release, the controller and status detection component 12 can first slowly lower the free side negative pressure zone, then slowly lower the directional side negative pressure zone, and finally unload the reference side negative pressure zone; alternatively, it can select overall unloading based on the shape of the laminate, the flow direction of the adhesive film, or visual inspection results to reduce the rotation or drift of the laminate at the moment of release.

[0044] The resilient clamping finger 9 or floating frame is used to clamp non-functional edges, process waste edges, or insulating cover edges that allow clamping of the stacked busbar layer 2. Before hot pressing, the resilient clamping finger 9 provides anti-slip retention; after the initial closure of the hot press, pressure build-up, or other predetermined stages are reached, the resilient clamping finger 9 can be driven away from the layer by the positioning retraction mechanism and the dynamic constraint release assembly 10, or it can be converted to a low preload floating state.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the positioning component retraction mechanism and dynamic constraint release assembly 10 can be triggered by the closing action of the hot press, or by pneumatic, electric, or control signals. If mechanical triggering is used, the hot press closing lever cooperates with the wedge, connecting rod, or top rod on the shared bearing tray 1 to automatically lower, retract, or enter a low preload floating position for the main reference positioning component 3 or the secondary reference positioning component 4, and the positioning is confirmed by a position sensor, mechanical limit, or pressure feedback. The trigger stroke of the mechanical triggering structure should be set at the stage before the hot plate applies a high-pressure holding load to avoid the positioning component being forcibly frictionally withdrawn under high load.

[0046] If electric or pneumatic triggering is used, the controller and status detection component 12 can output a constraint release command based on the tray positioning signal, hot press closing signal, temperature stage signal, pressure stage signal, measurement target 20 reading, hot plate displacement sensor 19 reading, and compensation actuator 21 status. In electric or pneumatic triggering mode, the action results of the positioning component retraction mechanism and dynamic constraint release component 10 should still participate in interlock verification through positioning feedback; in case of abnormal air pressure or power supply, the mechanism can maintain the current safe state, return to standby state, or output a manual confirmation signal.

[0047] The dynamic constraint release described in this application does not completely cancel positioning or holding at all stages. Instead, when the pallet reaches the hot-pressing station and meets the corresponding stage conditions, at least some positioning or holding constraints are converted to a yielding state, a floating state, an unloading state, or a low-friction state. Depending on the product specifications, the film flow window, whether the pallet has entered the hot-pressing chamber, and the hot-pressing stage signal, the constraint release action can be executed sequentially, selectively adjusted, or executed in parallel. For adjusted release actions, the controller still records its alternative state, such as whether the constraint is not involved in the current product specification, has been released at the previous station, or has been replaced by a low-friction structure.

[0048] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the controller and status detection component 12 include functions such as stage identification, holding force management, constraint release timing, hot plate calibration parameters, compensation safety, and abnormal interlocking. The status detection component 12 includes a sensor group, a signal acquisition module, and a hot press signal interface. The sensor group is used to collect data on tray positioning, positioning pin position, pressure finger status, negative pressure, temperature, pressure, hot plate displacement 19, and the status of the measuring target 20. The signal acquisition module outputs these signals to the controller for interlock judgment. The tray identification unit and visual reference mark 11 are used to identify the shared carrying tray 1 and its corresponding product process formula. Figure 5 The system includes identification tags for each workstation tray; the controller and status detection component 12 are control units for recipe calling, tray identification, and hot plate calibration data access, and can call constraint release sequence, holding force target range, compensation limit and stage access conditions that match the product specifications, tray number and hot plate calibration record.

[0049] The status detection component is used to prevent malfunctions and make each stage of the operation traceable. For example, if the main reference positioning component 3 or the secondary reference positioning component 4 does not retract to the allowed position, the controller and status detection component 12 will prevent the hot press from entering the high pressure holding or corresponding compensation execution stage; if the negative pressure holding unit 6 is not unloaded or has not dropped below the preset release threshold, it will be prohibited from entering the corresponding heating, pressurizing or holding stage; if the elastic pressure finger 9 is not opened or has not switched to the low preload floating state, it will be prohibited from mold closing pressurization or high pressure holding.

[0050] If the signal from the measuring target 20 is abnormal, the anti-collision clearance of the hot plate displacement sensor 19 is insufficient, the compensation actuator 21 is not in place, or the retest residual exceeds the limit or the failure rollback mechanism and power-off holding structure 22 (including the reset spring, limit block, normally closed brake, or pressure relief circuit) are not confirmed, the controller and status detection component 12 are prohibited from entering the corresponding compensation or pressure holding stage. The prohibited actions are not limited to complete shutdown, but may also include maintaining low pressure, maintaining mold opening, pausing the process formula execution, waiting for retesting, executing failure rollback, or outputting a manual confirmation command.

[0051] The constraint state table in the controller and state detection component 12 can adopt a data structure of "stage-constraint object-target state-feedback signal-admission condition". The stage can include feeding, stacking, detection, transfer, initial closure, heating, pressure building, pressure holding, cooling and mold opening; the constraint object can include the main reference, direction reference, edge clamping, negative pressure holding, low friction support and hot plate compensation; the target state can include holding, yielding, floating, unloading, low friction, compensation in place and residual qualified; the admission condition is used to determine whether the current stage allows entry into the next stage.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the bearing surface of the shared bearing tray 1 is provided with one main circular pin, one long circular pin, and two floating guards. The main circular pin serves as the main reference positioning element 3, the long circular pin serves as the secondary reference positioning element 4, and the two floating guards serve as floating limiting elements 5. After the stacked motherboard layers 2 are stacked, the relative positions of the layers are maintained by the negative pressure shallow groove and four sets of elastic pressure fingers 9. The negative pressure shallow groove can be divided into multiple negative pressure zones according to the main reference side, the secondary reference side, and the free edge side, so as to perform zoned unloading or slow unloading during the release phase.

[0053] When the shared bearing pallet 1 enters the hot pressing station and is identified as matching the product process formula, the controller and status detection component 12 first confirms that the pallet is in place, the product is aligned, and the status is maintained. When the hot press is initially closed, the positioning component retraction mechanism and dynamic constraint release component 10 retract the long round pin to a position below the bearing surface, or make the long round pin enter a low preload floating position. Subsequently, the negative pressure unloading valve 8 unloads the negative pressure or reduces the negative pressure to below the preset release threshold. Before entering the high pressure holding stage, the main round pin sinks to a position below the bearing surface and is confirmed by the sensor.

[0054] In the above specific embodiments, the release sequence of each constraint can be: pallet positioning confirmation, edge clamp release, initial closure of the hot press, secondary reference positioning component 4 retracting or floating, negative pressure holding unit 6 unloading or reducing pressure, main reference positioning component 3 retracting or floating, compensation confirmation, high-pressure holding, and mold opening and reset. For pallet structures that do not enter the hot press chamber, the constraint release action can also be completed before pre-pressing, transfer, or handover to the hot press fixture. The above release sequence can be adjusted according to the temperature range in which the adhesive film begins to flow, the initial closure position of the hot press, or the allowable displacement of the layer edge, but necessary release confirmation related to the current product should be completed before high-pressure holding.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hot plate thermal calibration compensation assembly 13 may include a hot plate body and an effective pressing area 14, a hot plate working surface and a target hot surface shape 15, a heating channel or cooling channel 16, a fixed reference support 17, a sliding support 18, a hot plate displacement sensor 19, a measuring target 20, a compensation execution mechanism 21, and a failure retraction mechanism and a power-off retention structure 22. The hot plate body is the upper or lower hot plate of the hot press. The effective pressing area is the projected area in the hot plate working surface that applies pressure to the laminated busbar layer 2. The hot plate working surface is the surface facing the hot press fixture or laminated busbar layer 2. The fixed reference support 17 is used to establish the hot plate installation reference, and the sliding support 18 is used to allow the hot plate to move along the theoretical sliding direction. The fixed reference support 17 includes a reference seat, a positioning pin, and a clamping bolt connected to the frame. The sliding support 18 includes a long hole support, a roller support, a guide rail slider, or a low-friction pad pre-tightening support. The extension direction of the long hole or guide rail is consistent with the theoretical sliding direction.

[0056] In one embodiment, the material parameters, dimensions, effective pressing area range, location of heating or cooling channels 16 formed within or attached to the back of the hot plate body and the effective pressing area 14, temperature field, pressing load, and target hot surface tolerance can be used as inputs to the hot plate hot calibration compensation component 13. The controller and status detection component 12 can determine the theoretical slippage of each sliding support 18 based on the linear expansion coefficient of the hot plate material, the position of the support point relative to the fixed reference support 17, the temperature rise of the corresponding temperature zone, or the measured temperature difference, and thereby determine the stroke margin of the sliding support 18, the compensation limit of the compensation actuator 21, and the failure retraction boundary.

[0057] The theoretical slip of the support point can be determined by the projection of the thermal expansion displacement onto the slip direction: δi = α·ΔTi·Li, where δi is the theoretical slip of the i-th sliding support 18 relative to the fixed reference support 17, α is the linear expansion coefficient of the hot plate material, ΔTi is the temperature rise of the corresponding support area relative to the cold reference temperature, and Li is the distance from the fixed reference support 17 to the i-th sliding support 18 along the theoretical slip direction. When the hot plate has multiple temperature zones, ΔTi can be the temperature measurement value of the corresponding area or the weighted value of the segmented temperature rise along the slip direction. The effective stroke of the elongated hole, guide rail, or low-friction contact surface of the sliding support 18 can be set to be greater than the sum of the theoretical slip and the assembly error, thermal cycle drift, and maintenance allowance.

[0058] For connection points that require retaining load-bearing, anti-rotation, or anti-detachment functions, gaps, elongated holes, floating clamping, or low-friction contact structures can be used to ensure a safe connection while preventing the formation of a second in-plane positioning reference within the plane of the hot plate working surface and the target hot surface shape 15. The effective pressing zone is the boundary of the area where the hot plate working surface applies pressure to the product, and the hot plate working surface and the target hot surface shape 15 are the surface contour targets participating in pressing within this area. Thus, under heating and load, the hot plate can release in-plane expansion in a predetermined direction and reduce the impact of multi-point rigid fixing on the hot surface shape.

[0059] The hot plate displacement sensor 19 can be arranged inside or outside the high-temperature cavity and fixed to the frame, measuring bracket, hot pressing cavity wall, or a mounting base stationary relative to the hot plate. When the hot plate displacement sensor 19 is arranged inside the high-temperature cavity, a temperature-resistant, contamination-proof, and anti-collision gap should be provided for the mold closing state. When arranged outside the cavity, the displacement changes of the hot plate working surface and the target hot surface 15 can be mapped to a measurable position through the measuring target 20 or a force transmission measuring structure. The measuring target 20 can be installed on the edge, back, or on a measuring bracket that moves with the hot plate working surface 15. The mounting surface of the measuring target 20 should form a displacement correspondence with the hot plate working surface and the target hot surface 15 through a fixed connection, a moving connection, or a calibrated force transmission measuring structure.

[0060] The displacement correspondence between the measuring target 20 and the working surface of the hot plate and the target hot surface 15 can be established through cold calibration, hot no-load calibration, or hot loaded calibration. If there are force transmission components or heat insulation components between the measuring target 20 and the working surface of the hot plate, the sensor reading can be corrected by calibration coefficients. When the corrected reading exceeds the range, drift limit, mold closing anti-collision gap, or adjacent measuring point consistency limit, the controller and status detection component 12 will determine the measurement result as abnormal.

[0061] The compensation actuator 21 can be a wedge, servo push rod, or hydraulic micro-cylinder. The compensation actuator 21 applies micro-displacement or micro-load to the back of the hot plate body 14, the area adjacent to the fixed reference support 17, or the area adjacent to the sliding support 18, so that the working surface of the hot plate and the target hot surface shape 15 approach the target tolerance. The compensation stroke, compensation force, response time, backlash, power-off retention, failure retreat, and maintenance accessibility of the compensation actuator 21 can be determined based on the hot calibration record and equipment safety boundaries. The failure retreat mechanism and power-off retention structure 22 may include a return spring, mechanical limit switch, normally closed brake, check valve, pressure relief valve, or power-off brake. In the failure retreat state, the compensation actuator 21 does not continuously apply additional loads exceeding safety limits to the hot plate, tooling, or laminated busbar material 2.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, the hot calibration process may include cold-state morphology measurement, hot-state unloaded morphology measurement, hot-state loaded morphology measurement, recording of theoretical and measured slip at support points, temperature field recording, load recording, compensation recording, and recording of residuals after compensation retesting. These records can be used to establish the compensation limits, stage entry thresholds, and abnormal rollback conditions for the hot plate hot calibration compensation component 13.

[0063] The residual after compensation and remeasurement can be represented by the maximum deviation, average deviation, or root mean square deviation of the target measuring point, and compared with a preset threshold. The preset threshold is determined by the target hot surface tolerance, the effective pressing zone size, and the product specifications. If multiple compensation actuators 21 are used, the controller and state detection component 12 can form a combination of compensation amounts based on the influence coefficient of each actuator on the displacement of the measuring point. The influence coefficient can be obtained through cold calibration, hot no-load calibration, or hot loaded calibration, and is used to limit the single-point compensation amount, the difference between adjacent compensation amounts, the total compensation force, and the actuator stroke.

[0064] When the hot plate temperature zone can be independently adjusted, the controller and status detection component 12 can adjust the medium temperature, on / off state, or power of the local heating channel or cooling channel 16 to create a temperature difference and change the local thermal expansion of the hot plate. When the compensation actuator 21 is a wedge, servo push rod, or hydraulic micro-cylinder, the controller and status detection component 12 can change the position of the hot plate working surface near the corresponding measuring point through displacement closed loop or pressure closed loop. Different compensation methods can be used individually or in combination without conflict.

[0065] During the compensation process, the controller and status detection component 12 can first calculate the compensation amount based on the thermal calibration record, then drive the compensation execution mechanism 21 to operate, and re-measure the residual after compensation through the hot plate displacement sensor 19 and the measuring target 20. When the re-measured residual meets the set threshold, the controller and status detection component 12 allows entry into the corresponding hot-pressing stage; when the re-measured residual does not meet the set threshold, the controller and status detection component 12 can maintain low pressure, wait for re-measurement, adjust the compensation amount, execute failure rollback, or output a manual confirmation command.

[0066] In another embodiment, if a power outage, gas outage, sensor failure, compensation overtravel, residual error exceeding limits, contamination of the measuring target 20, abnormal identification of the pallet identification unit and visual reference mark 11, or jamming of the positioning component retraction mechanism and dynamic constraint release component 10 occurs, the controller and status detection component 12 cause the compensation actuator 21 to enter the power outage holding or failure retraction position. The failure retraction position is limited by the reset end of the reset spring, the mechanical limit end, or the no-load position after depressurization, and keeps the hot press in an open mold, low-pressure, or suspended formula propagation state until maintenance personnel confirm or the system retests pass. Abnormal states can be written to a log, which includes at least the pallet number, product specifications, stage of occurrence, sensor readings, actuator position, and interlock actions.

[0067] After hot pressing is completed, the controller and status detection component 12 outputs a reset signal, restoring the main reference positioning component 3, secondary reference positioning component 4, floating limit component 5, negative pressure holding unit 6, elastic pressure finger 9, positioning component retraction mechanism, dynamic constraint release component 10, and compensation execution mechanism 21 to their ready-to-stack or ready-to-detect states. After the reset is completed, the pallet identity, positioning status, negative pressure status, pressure finger status, hot plate compensation status, and failure retraction status can be written to the status log for subsequent process traceability.

[0068] This application utilizes a combination of low-strength maintenance before hot pressing, constraint release during hot pressing, hot plate support sliding, hot surface shape calibration compensation, and abnormal interlocking to ensure that the alignment stability before hot pressing, the release of unfavorable constraints during hot pressing, and the surface shape traceability during hot pressing are supported by corresponding structures and control logic. The tray alignment deviation, positioning component retraction status, negative pressure unloading status, pressure finger status, hot surface shape residual, compensation execution status, and abnormal status can be recorded by the status detection component and controller for process traceability.

Claims

1. A system for aligning, releasing constraints, and compensating for hot plate pressure trays of laminated busbars, characterized in that, It includes a shared load-bearing tray, alignment reference assembly, hot-press pre-holding assembly, dynamic constraint release assembly, hot plate hot-state calibration compensation assembly, state detection assembly, and controller; A shared support tray is used to support at least two layers of a stacked busbar, the layers including at least two of conductive layers, insulating layers, adhesive film layers or covering layers, and is transferred between loading, stacking, inspection, pre-pressing, transfer or hot pressing stations to maintain the correspondence between the layers and the tray coordinate reference before entering the hot pressing stage; The alignment reference assembly is set on the shared bearing tray, including a primary reference positioning component, a secondary reference positioning component, and a floating limit component. It is used to establish the product coordinates of the layer material relative to the tray coordinate reference before hot pressing, and to retain the degree of freedom for in-plane thermal expansion or film flow of the layer material during the hot pressing stage, while allowing the layer material thickness to be compressed. The hot-pressing pre-holding assembly includes at least one of a negative pressure holding unit, an elastic pressure finger unit, a floating frame unit, or a local point pressure unit, for applying low-strength holding to the layer material during assembly, transfer, inspection, or pre-pressing stages; The dynamic constraint release component is used to convert at least one type of positioning constraint among the main reference positioning component, secondary reference positioning component or floating limit component, and at least one type of holding constraint among the negative pressure holding unit, elastic pressure finger unit, floating frame unit or local point pressure unit into a yielding state, floating state, unloading state or low friction state when the pallet arrives at the hot pressing station and meets the hot pressing stage conditions. The hot plate thermal calibration compensation component includes a hot plate body, a hot plate support structure, a hot plate displacement sensor, a measuring target, and a compensation execution mechanism. The hot plate body is the upper or lower hot plate of a hot press and has a hot plate working surface facing the hot pressing fixture or the laminated busbar material, as well as an effective pressing area located within the hot plate working surface. The hot plate support structure includes a fixed reference support and a sliding support. The hot plate thermal calibration compensation component is used to determine the theoretical slip, compensation amount, and compensation limit of the support point based on the hot plate size, effective pressing area, hot plate material parameters, support layout, temperature field, pressing load, and target thermal surface tolerance. It also re-measures the thermal surface residual after compensation using the hot plate displacement sensor and the measuring target. The status detection component is used to detect or receive pallet position, pallet identification results, positioning component position, holding status, hot pressing stage signals, hot plate displacement, measurement target status, compensation execution status, and measurement data used to calculate retest residuals; The controller stores a constraint status table and hot plate compensation parameters corresponding to product specifications and pallet identification results. The constraint status table includes at least the process stage, constraint object, target constraint state, feedback signal, and stage access condition. The stage access condition is associated with the compensation limit in the hot plate compensation parameters. The controller controls the dynamic constraint release component and the hot plate thermal calibration compensation component to operate according to the signal from the status detection component. The controller uses the state that the constraint release state, compensation execution state, and retest residual all meet the corresponding stage access condition as the condition for the hot press to enter the corresponding hot pressing stage.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary reference positioning component is a liftable cylindrical pin, conical pin, stepped pin, or reference block, used to define the first reference point of the layer material and serve as the primary reference for alignment before hot pressing. It can also exit the bearing surface, reduce the preload, or switch to a floating limit state during the constraint release phase. The secondary reference positioning component is an elongated pin, a one-way block, or a grooved guide, used to define the directional reference of the layer material and allow the layer material to undergo in-plane displacement along at least one preset release direction without forming a closed rigid in-plane positioning with the primary reference positioning component. The floating limit component is an elastic sidewall, a roller sidewall, a low-friction slider, or a spring preload limit block, used to limit the free edge displacement of the layer material during the transfer phase and allow the layer material to slide slightly along the preset release direction or the direction corresponding to the film flow direction during the hot pressing phase.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-hot-press holding assembly has a graded holding force structure. The controller determines the target holding range based on at least one of the following: layer thickness, layer stiffness, allowable indentation amount, tray transfer acceleration, adsorption area, or holding area. This ensures that the holding force is not lower than the disturbance holding force required to prevent relative displacement of the layers under transfer disturbances, and not higher than the upper limit of the holding force that would cause adsorption marks, edge indentations, insulation film buckling, or unexpected overflow of the adhesive film. When the pre-hot-press holding assembly includes a negative pressure holding unit, the negative pressure holding unit includes a bearing surface micro-hole or shallow groove, a negative pressure chamber, a negative pressure pipeline, and a negative pressure unloading valve. The bearing surface micro-hole or shallow groove is arranged in the non-functional area of ​​the layer, the process waste edge area, or the insulation layer area where adsorption is allowed, avoiding exposed conductive areas, welding areas, plating areas, and locations where adsorption marks are not allowed to form. The negative pressure chamber is divided into multiple negative pressure zones corresponding to the main reference side, the secondary reference side, or the free edge side. The negative pressure unloading valve is used to unload the multiple negative pressure zones as a whole, in sections, or with a slow descent, and the unloading status is confirmed by feedback from the negative pressure sensor.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic constraint release assembly includes at least two of the following: a positioning component retraction mechanism, a clamp release mechanism, a negative pressure unloading mechanism, and a low-friction conversion mechanism. Each mechanism operates sequentially or in parallel according to the constraint release sequence and forms an action confirmation closed loop with the controller. The positioning component retraction mechanism has at least two of the following positions: a raised positioning position, a floating limit position, and a retraction position below the bearing surface. The retraction position is confirmed by a position sensor, a mechanical limit, pressure feedback, or drive current feedback. The low-friction conversion mechanism includes at least one of a roller, a ball, or a low-friction slider, used to reduce in-plane friction constraints at the edge of the laminate or the contact area of ​​the tray during the hot pressing stage.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller performs phased release according to the constraint status table. The phased release includes: confirming the alignment of the layers and maintaining a low strength state after the pallet is in place; releasing the edge clamps or converting the edge clamps to a low pre-tight floating state during the initial closing or pre-pressing stage of the hot press; unloading the negative pressure or reducing the negative pressure to below a preset release threshold before entering the heating or pressure building stage; causing at least one of the main reference positioning component and the secondary reference positioning component to retract or float before entering the high-pressure holding stage; and allowing entry into the next hot pressing stage after the feedback of each stage's completion meets the access conditions.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot plate support structure includes at least one fixed reference support and at least one sliding support. The fixed reference support is used to establish the hot plate installation reference and includes at least one of the following: a reference seat formed by a locating pin and a clamping bolt, a stop reference seat, or a spherical support seat. The sliding support is used to allow the hot plate to move or maintain a low-constraint connection state along the theoretical sliding direction determined by the hot plate's linear expansion coefficient, the effective pressing zone size, the temperature field, and the support point position. The sliding support includes at least one of the following: a long hole support, a guide rail slider, a roller support, or a low-friction pad preload support. The available stroke of the sliding support is not less than the sum of the theoretical sliding amount of the support point, the assembly error allowance, and the thermal cycle drift allowance. Wherein, when the support point that retains the connection function only undertakes the functions of bearing, anti-rotation, or anti-detachment, its gap, long hole, or floating clamping structure does not form an in-plane second positioning reference within the working surface of the hot plate.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status detection component includes at least one of the following: a tray position sensor, a positioning pin position sensor, a pressure finger status sensor, a negative pressure sensor, a hot press closure signal interface, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a hot plate displacement sensor, a measurement target status detection component, a visual recognition unit, or a tray identification unit. The mounting surface of the measurement target and the working surface of the hot plate form a displacement correspondence through a fixed connection, a follow-up connection, or a calibrated force transmission measurement structure. The controller maps the sensor readings to the hot surface shape of the hot plate working surface according to the displacement correspondence, and determines whether the measurement result is valid based on the contamination status of the measurement target, the sensor range, the sensor drift, the mold closing anti-collision gap, or the signal continuity.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation actuator is at least one of a wedge, a servo push rod, or a hydraulic micro-cylinder, and is configured to apply micro-displacement or micro-load to the back of the hot plate body or the area adjacent to the sliding support. It has at least one of the following selection parameters or safety design parameters: compensation stroke, compensation force, response time, backlash, power failure retention, failure retreat, and maintenance accessibility. The failure retreat is formed by at least one of a return spring, a limit stop, a pressure relief circuit, or a normally closed brake. The controller determines the compensation amount based on the thermal calibration record, the influence coefficient of the compensation actuator on the displacement of the hot plate measuring point, and the compensation limit. When the compensation amount exceeds the compensation limit, the retest residual exceeds the preset threshold, or the compensation actuator provides abnormal feedback, the controller keeps the compensation actuator in a safe position or enters the failure retreat state.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller includes a stage identification module, a holding force management module, a constraint release timing module, a hot plate calibration parameter module, a compensation safety module, and an abnormal interlock module. The constraint release timing module divides the constraint release action into at least two stages and interlocks the stage completion confirmation with the hot plate compensation confirmation. It also enables or adjusts the constraint release action according to the pre-stored product specifications, film flow window, tray entering the hot pressing chamber state, or the initial closing state of the hot press. The abnormal interlock module prohibits the hot press from entering the corresponding stage when the tray is not in place, the positioning component has not retracted, the negative pressure has not been unloaded, the clamping component has not opened, the measurement target signal is abnormal, the compensation execution is not in place, the retest residual exceeds the limit, or the failure retreat is not confirmed. It also records the cause of the abnormality, the stage of occurrence, and the corresponding process formula identifier.

10. A method for aligning, releasing constraints, and compensating for hot plate of laminated busbars using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: Based on the product specifications, layer types, adhesive flow windows, and hot-pressing process stages of the laminated busbar, a constraint status table and hot plate compensation parameters are established. These are then linked to the pallet identification results and hot plate calibration records. The stage access conditions in the constraint status table are associated with the compensation limits in the hot plate compensation parameters. Layers are positioned on the shared load-bearing pallet using primary reference positioning components, secondary reference positioning components, and floating limit components. The pre-hot-pressing holding components maintain the relative positions of the layers within the target holding range. Pallet position, alignment status, holding status, and pallet identification are monitored during transfer and pre-hot-pressing inspection. When the pallet arrives at the hot-pressing station and meets the hot-pressing stage conditions, the dynamic constraint release components are controlled according to a predetermined constraint release sequence to ensure that at least one type of positioning constraint and... At least one type of constraint is converted to a yielding, floating, unloading, or low-friction state, and the constraint release is confirmed to be in place; the compensation amount is determined based on the cold state morphology, the hot state unloaded morphology, the hot state loaded morphology, the theoretical and measured slip of the support point, the temperature field, the load, the target hot state surface tolerance, and the compensation limit; the compensation actuator is driven to perform compensation and the residual after compensation is re-measured to form a hot plate hot state calibration record; after the constraint release state meets the corresponding stage access conditions, the compensation execution state and the re-measured residual meet the set threshold corresponding to the target hot state surface tolerance, the hot press is allowed to enter the corresponding hot pressing stage; after the hot pressing is completed, the alignment reference component, the hot pressing pre-holding component, the dynamic constraint release component and the compensation actuator are reset, and the tray status, release status, compensation status and abnormal status are recorded.

Images