Tunnel hole slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion promotion equipment and application method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of road engineering material preparation and processing, and particularly relates to a tunnel hole slag rock and asphalt interface adhesion improvement equipment and application method. The equipment comprises a screening pretreatment system, a surface modification system, a test piece forming system and an interface strengthening system. The tunnel hole slag is first subjected to vibration screening, multi-stage crushing and hot air drying pretreatment; secondly, silane coupling agent hydrolysis liquid is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the aggregate, and surface modification is completed in the reaction bin; then, the modified aggregate is mixed with hot asphalt by stirring, and a test piece with an array of injection channels in the interior is formed by hydraulic pressing; then, the vacuum pump is used to expand the interface micropores in the test piece, the injector is vertically inserted into the reserved channel of the test piece, the cylinder pushes the piston to inject the permeation liquid into the deep interface, and the secondary strengthening of the aggregate and asphalt interface is completed; finally, room temperature curing and maintenance are completed to finish the treatment. The present application realizes high-performance resource utilization of the tunnel hole slag acid aggregate, and significantly improves the adhesion of the asphalt mixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of road engineering material preparation and processing technology, specifically relating to a device and application method for improving the adhesion of acidic rock aggregate and asphalt bonding interface in tunnel excavation. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale construction of mountain highways and railway tunnels, the excavation of each tunnel typically generates hundreds of thousands or even millions of tons of excavated rock. This excavated rock is mainly composed of acidic igneous and metamorphic rocks, containing a large amount of silica. If this excavated rock can be converted into asphalt pavement aggregate on-site, it can not only solve the problem of solid waste disposal, but also reduce the cost of procuring high-quality aggregates from distant locations, which is in line with the goals of green construction and the "dual-carbon" strategy, and has significant engineering value and social benefits. However, there is an inherent interfacial chemical incompatibility defect between acidic excavated rock aggregate and asphalt, which is the core technical bottleneck restricting the resource utilization of excavated rock, especially in tunnel entrance sections and rainy and humid road sections in the south.

[0003] There are two main technical approaches to improving the adhesion between acidic aggregates and asphalt: one is to add liquid anti-stripping agents (amines) or hydrated lime powder to the asphalt; the other is to pretreat the aggregate surface with silane coupling agents (SCA). While both techniques have some effect, they share the following drawbacks: First, existing technologies are all "one-time pre-mixing treatments," and the interfacial bonding strength gradually decreases with service time and moisture intrusion, lacking proactive repair methods for existing interfacial micro-cracks and aging degradation. Second, alkaline fillers such as hydrated lime are added via dry powder direct mixing, resulting in uneven dispersion. Due to limitations in aggregate surface wettability and binder layer thickness, alkaline substances cannot effectively penetrate the aggregate-asphalt interface micro-zones, leading to low improvement efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automated continuous equipment that can organically integrate tunnel muck aggregate pretreatment, silane coupling agent surface modification, asphalt mixing and molding, and deep interface strengthening after molding. This equipment would fundamentally overcome the core defects of existing technologies, such as insufficient interface modification depth, inability to actively intervene in the interface after molding, and dispersed processing procedures. It would achieve a lasting and stable interface bond between acidic muck aggregate and asphalt, and promote the high-performance resource utilization of tunnel muck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues of insufficient interface durability, this invention provides a device and application method for improving the adhesion of tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: One objective of this invention is to provide a device for improving the adhesion of tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface, comprising a screening pretreatment system, a surface modification system, a specimen molding system, and an interface strengthening system connected in series.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention, the screening pretreatment system includes a feeding hopper, a multi-layer screening mechanism, a multi-layer crushing mechanism, and a material storage bin. The feed hopper is located at the upper inlet of the multi-layer screening mechanism; The multi-layer screening mechanism includes a coarse aggregate screening plate, a medium aggregate screening plate, and a fine aggregate screening plate arranged from top to bottom. Each of the coarse aggregate screening plate, the medium aggregate screening plate, and the fine aggregate screening plate is provided with a telescopic rod and a shock-absorbing spring below its edge. The multi-layer crushing mechanism is located on the left side of the multi-layer screening mechanism, and includes a first rotor, a second rotor, and a third rotor stacked vertically. The first rotor, the second rotor, and the third rotor are each equipped with a hammer, a pulley, and a rotor motor. The inner wall of the multi-layer crushing mechanism is provided with a toothed plate, and a crusher chamber door is provided on one side of the multi-layer crushing mechanism. The aggregate storage bin is located at the discharge end below the multi-layer screening mechanism and the multi-layer crushing mechanism, and includes a water tank, a water pump, a hot air blower, and a pneumatic door. The water tank is located on the right side of the multi-layer screening mechanism, the water pump is connected to the water tank, the hot air blower is located below the multi-layer crushing mechanism, and the pneumatic door is located at the discharge end to the right of the hot air blower.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention, the surface modification system includes a conveying mechanism and a modification mechanism; The conveying mechanism includes a mesh conveyor belt, a residual liquid recovery tank, and a reaction chamber. The residual liquid recovery tank is located directly below the mesh conveyor belt, and the reaction chamber is located inside the chamber of the rear half of the mesh conveyor belt. The modification mechanism is located directly above the conveying mechanism and includes an SCA storage tank, a metering pump, and an atomizing sprayer. The atomizing sprayer is located above the front half of the mesh conveyor belt, and the metering pump is connected to the pipeline between the SCA storage tank and the atomizing sprayer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention, the specimen molding system includes a mixing mechanism, a stirring mechanism and a molding mechanism; The mixing mechanism includes an asphalt storage tank, an inlet, and a mixing chamber. The asphalt storage tank is located on the right side of the mixing chamber and connected by a pipeline. The inlet is located on the top of the mixing chamber. The stirring mechanism is located directly below the mixing mechanism and connected via a pipeline. It includes a stirring motor, a first gear, a first agitator, a second gear, a second agitator, a reducer, and a discharge port. The output end of the stirring motor is connected to the input end of the reducer, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the end of the stirring shaft of the first agitator. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other. The first gear is connected to the first agitator, and the second gear is connected to the second agitator. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the stirring mechanism. The forming mechanism is located below the mixing mechanism and includes a mold carriage, a first hydraulic cylinder, a push plate, a second hydraulic cylinder, a compaction plate, a third hydraulic cylinder, a shaping plate, a water-cooling plate, and a mold slot door. The mold carriage is movably mounted on the track of the forming mechanism, with its initial position directly below the discharge port. The first hydraulic cylinder is horizontally mounted on one side of the mold carriage, and the push plate is connected to the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder. The second hydraulic cylinder is vertically mounted above the mold carriage, and the compaction plate is connected to the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder. The third hydraulic cylinder is located to the left of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the shaping plate is connected to the piston rod end of the third hydraulic cylinder. The water-cooling plate is attached to the outside of the push plate, and the mold slot door is located on the opposite side of the push plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention, the interface strengthening system includes a vacuum pretreatment chamber and an injection mechanism; The vacuum pretreatment chamber includes an inlet door, a guide wheel assembly, a vacuum pump, and an outlet door. The inlet door and the outlet door are respectively sealed at the inlet and outlet ends of the vacuum pretreatment chamber. The guide wheel assembly is located on the bottom surface inside the vacuum pretreatment chamber. The vacuum pump is connected to the top of the vacuum pretreatment chamber and the top of the injection chamber of the injection mechanism through branched air pipes. The injection mechanism is located above the outlet end of the vacuum pretreatment chamber and includes an injection chamber, a syringe, a fixing clamp, a push rod, a T-shaped plate, and a cylinder. The cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the injection chamber. The T-shaped plate is connected to the piston rod end of the cylinder. The two ends of the T-shaped plate are respectively connected downward to the push rod. The fixing clamp is connected to the lower end of the push rod and is located on the inner wall of the injection chamber to limit and fix the syringe. The syringe has a needle shaft with a closed solid cone tip. Several liquid outlet micropores are arranged axially on the side wall. The diameter of the liquid outlet micropores is 0.3-0.8 mm and the axial spacing is 5 mm.

[0010] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for improving the adhesion of rock-asphalt interface in tunnel slag, comprising the following steps: S1. Screening and pretreatment: The tunnel slag is fed into the feed hopper and vibrated and graded by the multi-layer screening mechanism. Oversized material enters the multi-layer crushing mechanism and is crushed to 3-19mm by the first rotor, second rotor, and third rotor in conjunction with the toothed plate. The crushed aggregate enters the aggregate storage bin, is washed by water pump and dried by hot air blower until the moisture content is less than 1%, and is quantitatively output by pneumatic door. S2. Surface modification: The dried aggregate is conveyed by a mesh conveyor belt. The metering pump delivers the silane coupling agent hydrolysate from the SCA storage tank to the atomizing sprayer to uniformly spray the aggregate surface. The remaining liquid is recycled by the remaining liquid recovery tank. After spraying, the aggregate enters the reaction chamber and reacts at 80-140℃ for 15-20 minutes to complete the surface modification of the aggregate. S3. Hot Mixing and Pressing: Modified aggregates are mixed with hot asphalt from the asphalt storage tank through the inlet in the mixing chamber. The first and second agitators are driven by a mixing motor and a reducer to rotate in opposite directions, thoroughly mixing the asphalt mixture. The mixture falls from the outlet into the mold carriage directly below. The second hydraulic cylinder drives the compaction plate downward to apply a pressure of 300-500 kPa to the mixture. After compaction, the mold carriage moves along the track to the bottom of the third hydraulic cylinder, which drives the shaping plate downward to press in. The protruding spike structure on the bottom surface of the shaping plate forms an injection channel array inside the specimen. Subsequently, the specimen is cooled in a controlled manner by a water-cooling plate. After cooling, the mold door rotates to open for demolding. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the push plate to push the demolded specimen horizontally to the inlet door of the vacuum pretreatment chamber, producing a standard specimen with an internal injection channel array. S4. Negative pressure pretreatment: The molded specimen enters the vacuum pretreatment chamber through the inlet door, is guided and positioned by the guide wheel group and output. The vacuum pump simultaneously draws the vacuum pretreatment chamber and the injection chamber to a negative pressure state through the branched air pipe. After the outlet door is opened, the specimen enters the injection chamber. S5. Targeted injection enhancement: The push rod drives the fixing clamp downwards, vertically inserting the entire needle shaft of the syringe held by the fixing clamp into the injection channel inside the specimen to the set depth; after the needle shaft is inserted into place, the cylinder drives the T-shaped plate to push the syringe piston downwards, first using low pressure to initially diffuse the composite permeate, then increasing to high pressure for deep permeation, maintaining pressure for 1-2 minutes, then the cylinder reverses to reset, and then the push rod reverses to drive the fixing clamp upwards, causing the needle shaft to exit the specimen; S6. Curing and maintenance: After injection, the specimens are left to cool and cure naturally at room temperature.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention forms a stable Si-O-Si covalent bonded layer on the surface of acidic aggregates through atomized spraying and thermal activation reaction of silane coupling agents, changing the aggregate surface from hydrophilic to asphalt-philic, fundamentally improving the interfacial chemical compatibility between acidic slag aggregates and asphalt. After treatment with this invention, the adhesion performance between aggregates and asphalt can be significantly improved.

[0012] (2) This invention proposes that after the asphalt mixture is formed, the interface micropores are expanded by using the vacuum pretreatment chamber and the injection chamber simultaneously under negative pressure. Then, the composite permeating liquid containing water-containing talc nanosheets is injected into the deep part of the aggregate and asphalt interface through the sidewall porous needle array, so as to achieve secondary chemical strengthening and micro-defect repair of the formed interface. This breaks through the technical limitation that interface modification can only be completed before the mixture is formed in the prior art.

[0013] (3) This invention integrates six major processes, namely, screening and crushing of slag, drying and cleaning of aggregates, SCA surface modification, hot mixing of asphalt, negative pressure pretreatment and interface injection strengthening, into a continuous production line. The systems are connected in series and operate in coordination, with full automation control. No frequent manual intervention is required, which significantly improves the efficiency of acidic slag aggregate processing and the stability of product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the coarse aggregate screening plate Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first rotor. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front half of the conveying mechanism. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the molding mechanism. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the injection mechanism. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the needle shaft of a syringe. Figure 9 This is a process flow diagram of the tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Screening pretreatment system; 11. Feed hopper; 12. Multi-layer screening mechanism; 121. Coarse aggregate screening plate; 1211. Telescopic rod; 1212. Shock-absorbing spring; 122. Medium aggregate screening plate; 123. Fine aggregate screening plate; 13. Multi-layer crushing mechanism; 131. First rotor; 1311. Hammer; 1312. Pulley; 1313. First rotor motor; 132. Toothed plate; 133. Second rotor; 134. Third rotor; 135. Crusher hopper door; 14. Aggregate storage bin; 141. Water tank; 142. Water pump; 143. Hot air blower; 144. Pneumatic door; 2. Surface modification system; 21. Conveying mechanism; 211. Mesh conveyor belt; 212. Residual liquid recovery tank; 213. Reaction chamber; 22. Modification mechanism; 221. SCA storage tank; 222. Metering pump; 223. Atomizing sprayer; 3. Specimen molding system; 31. Mixer Structure; 311, Asphalt storage tank; 312, Inlet; 313, Mixing bin; 32, Mixing mechanism; 321, Mixing motor; 322, First gear; 323, First agitator; 324, Second gear; 325, Second agitator; 326, Reducer; 327, Discharge port; 33, Molding mechanism; 331, Mold carriage; 332, First hydraulic cylinder; 333, Push plate; 334, Second hydraulic cylinder; 335, Compactor plate; 336. Third hydraulic cylinder; 337. Shaping plate; 338. Water-cooled plate; 339. Mold slot door; 4. Interface strengthening system; 41. Vacuum pretreatment chamber; 411. Inlet chamber door; 412. Guide wheel assembly; 413. Vacuum pump; 414. Outlet chamber door; 42. Injection mechanism; 421. Injection chamber; 422. Injector; 4221. Needle shaft; 423. Fixing fixture; 424. Push rod; 425. T-shaped plate; 426. Cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0019] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-9 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a device and application method for improving the adhesion of tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface, which includes a screening pretreatment system 1, a surface modification system 2, a specimen molding system 3 and an interface strengthening system 4 connected in series.

[0020] In this embodiment, the screening pretreatment system 1 is arranged at the upper front of the equipment, the surface modification system 2 is correspondingly arranged at the lower right side of the screening pretreatment system 1, the specimen forming system 3 is arranged at the right side of the surface modification system 2 and connected to it vertically, and the interface strengthening system 4 is arranged below the specimen forming system 3. The sequential transfer of materials and system linkage between the systems are achieved through pneumatic doors, guide wheel groups and pushing mechanisms.

[0021] Furthermore, the screening pretreatment system 1 includes a feed hopper 11, a multi-layer screening mechanism 12, a multi-layer crushing mechanism 13, and a collection temporary storage bin 14. The slag raw material is fed into the feed hopper 11, and after being vibrated and classified by the multi-layer screening mechanism 12, the qualified particle size is output downwards, and the oversized material is introduced into the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 for step-by-step crushing; after crushing, the aggregate enters the collection temporary storage bin 14, and after being washed and dried with hot air, it is quantitatively output to the surface modification system 2 through the pneumatic door 144.

[0022] Furthermore, the surface modification system 2 includes a conveying mechanism 21 and a modification mechanism 22. The dried aggregate is conveyed at a constant speed by a mesh conveyor belt 211, and after being sprayed with silane coupling agent by an atomizing sprayer 223, it enters the reaction chamber 213 for thermal activation reaction to complete the Si-O-Si covalent bond modification of the aggregate surface; the residual liquid is collected by the residual liquid recovery tank 212 and recycled.

[0023] Furthermore, the specimen molding system 3 includes a mixing mechanism 31, a stirring mechanism 32, and a molding mechanism 33. Modified aggregate is mixed with hot asphalt in a mixing chamber 313 through a feed inlet 312, and is forcibly stirred in both directions by the stirring mechanism 32. The mixed material falls into the mold carriage 331, is compacted by a compaction plate 335, pressed in by a shaping plate 337 to form an injection channel array, and cooled in a controlled manner by a water-cooling plate 338. Then, the mold slot door 339 is rotated to open for demolding, and the specimen is pushed to the inlet of the interface strengthening system 4 by a pusher plate 333.

[0024] Furthermore, the interface strengthening system 4 includes a vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 and an injection mechanism 42. After the molded specimen enters the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41, the vacuum pump 413 simultaneously draws the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 and the injection chamber 421 to a negative pressure state through a branched air pipe, and the micropores of the interface expand under the action of negative pressure; then the specimen enters the injection chamber 421, and the needle shaft 4221 of the syringe 422 is vertically inserted into the injection channel of the specimen. The cylinder 426 drives the T-shaped plate 425 to push the piston, injecting the composite penetrating liquid into the deep part of the interface through the liquid outlet micropores on the side wall of the needle shaft 4221, completing the secondary chemical strengthening of the interface; after the injection is completed, the specimen is left to cure and cure, and the finished asphalt mixture specimen with significantly improved adhesion is obtained.

[0025] It should be noted that the key process parameters of each system in this embodiment can be adjusted according to the type of cave slag aggregate to adapt to the modification requirements of different acidic aggregates such as granite, gneiss, and quartzite; the various systems of the equipment work together in a coordinated manner, and the entire process does not require frequent manual intervention, realizing continuous automated operation from the input of cave slag raw materials to the output of interface-enhanced finished products.

[0026] In summary, this embodiment 1, through the series layout and linkage design of each system, realizes the continuous treatment of acidic aggregates in tunnel muck from raw material pretreatment to deep interface strengthening, and solves the problems of dispersed processing, insufficient interface modification depth and inability to actively repair the interface after molding in traditional processing. The equipment layout is compact and the transmission of each connecting mechanism is accurate, ensuring the stability and continuity of material transfer between systems.

[0027] Example 2: Refer to Figures 2-3 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which focuses on the core working process of the multi-layer screening mechanism 12 and the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 in the screening pretreatment system 1.

[0028] Specifically, the multi-layer screening mechanism 12 includes a coarse aggregate screening plate 121, a medium aggregate screening plate 122, and a fine aggregate screening plate 123 arranged from top to bottom. Each screening plate is provided with a telescopic rod 1211 and a shock-absorbing spring 1212 below its edge. The multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 includes a first rotor 131, a second rotor 133, and a third rotor 134 stacked vertically. Each rotor is provided with a hammer 1311, a pulley 1312, and a rotor motor 1313. The inner wall of the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 is provided with a toothed plate 132, and a crusher chamber door 135 is provided on one side.

[0029] Furthermore, during the screening stage, the slag material falls from the feed hopper 11 into the multi-layer screening mechanism 12. The telescopic rod 1211 drives the coarse aggregate screening plate 121, the medium aggregate screening plate 122, and the fine aggregate screening plate 123 to vibrate. The damping spring 1212 bears the vibration load of each layer of screening plates and maintains the stable operation of the screening plates. The aggregate with the required particle size is output downward through the mesh of each layer of screening plates in sequence, while the oversized material with a particle size larger than the screen hole size is introduced into the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 for crushing treatment from the discharge end of the corresponding layer.

[0030] Furthermore, during the crushing stage, each rotor motor 1313 drives the first rotor 131, the second rotor 133, and the third rotor 134 to rotate at high speed via pulleys 1312. The hammers 1311 on each rotor impact the oversized aggregate entering the crushing chamber at high speed. Simultaneously, the shearing action of the toothed plates 132 on the inner wall of the crushing mechanism is combined to crush the aggregate to the target particle size of 3-19 mm under the layer-by-layer action of the three rotors. The crushed aggregate falls from the bottom discharge end of the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 into the aggregate temporary storage bin 14.

[0031] It should be noted that the crusher hopper door 135 is opened after a round of crushing to check whether there are still aggregates that have not been fully crushed, and to collect these aggregates again and pour them back into the feed hopper 11; the water pump 142 outside the aggregate storage hopper 14 pumps clean water from the water tank 141 into the hopper to wash the crushed aggregates and remove the dust attached to the surface. Then the hot air blower 143 blows hot air to dry the aggregates, and the pneumatic door 144 controls the quantitative output of the dried aggregates to the surface modification system 2.

[0032] In summary, this embodiment 2 achieves efficient grading and precise crushing of slag with different particle sizes through a combined process of multi-layer vibrating screening and three-stage rotor layer-by-layer crushing. The coordinated operation of the damping spring and the telescopic rod ensures the operational stability of the screening plate under continuous vibration conditions. The crushing design of the three-stage rotor and the toothed plate effectively improves the crushing efficiency, providing a foundation for dry aggregates with uniform particle size and clean surface for subsequent systems.

[0033] Example 3: Reference Figures 4-6 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which focuses on the modification process of the surface modification system 2 and the mixed pressing process of the specimen molding system 3.

[0034] Specifically, the modification mechanism 22 includes an SCA storage tank 221, a metering pump 222, and an atomizing sprayer 223. The atomizing sprayer 223 is located above the front half of the mesh conveyor belt 211, and the metering pump 222 is connected to the pipeline between the SCA storage tank 221 and the atomizing sprayer 223. The stirring mechanism 32 includes a stirring motor 321, a first gear 322, a first stirrer 323, a second gear 324, a second stirrer 325, a reducer 326, and a discharge port 327. The molding mechanism 33 includes a mold carriage 331, a first hydraulic cylinder 332, a push plate 333, a second hydraulic cylinder 334, a compaction plate 335, a third hydraulic cylinder 336, a shaping plate 337, a water-cooling plate 338, and a mold slot door 339.

[0035] Furthermore, in the SCA surface modification stage, the dried aggregate from the aggregate storage bin 14 is uniformly conveyed into the modification area by the mesh conveyor belt 211. The metering pump 222 accurately delivers the pre-hydrolyzed silane coupling agent hydrolysate from the SCA storage tank 221 to the atomizing sprayer 223 at a set flow rate. The atomizing sprayer 223 atomizes the hydrolysate into fine liquid mist of 10-50 μm and evenly sprays it onto each exposed surface of the aggregate on the conveyor belt. The residual liquid that leaks out during the spraying process is collected by the residual liquid recovery tank 212, filtered, and recycled. The sprayed aggregate enters the reaction chamber 213 in the second half of the stage along the mesh conveyor belt 211 and stays at a temperature of 80-140℃ and a relative humidity of 60%-70% for 15-20 minutes to complete the surface modification of the aggregate.

[0036] Furthermore, in the hot mixing stage, the modified aggregate enters the mixing chamber 313 through the feed inlet 312 and is initially mixed with the hot asphalt input from the asphalt storage tank 311 via pipeline before entering the mixing mechanism 32. The output end of the mixing motor 321 drives the first agitator 323 to rotate through the reducer 326. At the same time, the meshing of the first gear 322 and the second gear 324 drives the second agitator 325 to rotate in opposite directions, forcibly mixing the material in both directions. The mixed material falls from the discharge port 327 into the mold car 331 located directly below the discharge port 327 at the initial position.

[0037] Furthermore, during the pressing and molding stage, before the mixing mechanism 32 completes the mixing of the mixture and before the mixture is output from the outlet 327, a release agent is uniformly applied to the inner wall of the molding cavity of the mold carriage 331, the contact surface between the push plate 333 and the mixture, and the inner side of the mold slot 339 to ensure that a complete isolation film is formed in the parts that are in direct contact with the mixture. After the release agent is applied, the mold carriage 331 is moved to a position directly below the outlet 327 to wait for the material. The mixture falls into the mold carriage 331 from the outlet 327. The second hydraulic cylinder 334 drives the compaction plate 335 to apply a pressure of 300-500 kPa to the mixture in the mold carriage 331 vertically downwards, completing the initial compaction. After compaction... After completion, the mold carriage 331 moves along the track to directly below the third hydraulic cylinder 336. The third hydraulic cylinder 336 drives the shaping plate 337, which has a protruding spike structure on its bottom surface, to press down into the test piece. The spikes form an array of injection channels inside the test piece. Subsequently, the water cooling plate 338 cools the test piece in a controlled manner. After cooling to room temperature, the mold slot door 339 rotates and opens. Since the inner wall of the molding cavity and the inner side of the mold slot door 339 have been pre-coated with release agent, the adhesion between the test piece and each contact surface of the mold is greatly reduced, and the demolding process is smooth. The first hydraulic cylinder 332 drives the push plate 333 to horizontally push the demolded test piece to the inlet door 411 of the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41. The surface of the test piece is intact and without defects.

[0038] It should be noted that the array spacing of the protruding spike structure on the bottom surface of the shaping plate 337 precisely corresponds to the array spacing of the syringes 422 in the injection mechanism 42, ensuring that the subsequent needle rods 4221 can be accurately inserted into the specimen to the specified depth along the injection channel, avoiding needle deviation or penetration of the bottom surface of the specimen; the mold slot door 339 adopts a rotating opening method, which can achieve rapid demolding without moving the specimen, reducing the disturbance of the demolding operation to the structural integrity of the specimen.

[0039] In summary, this embodiment 3 achieved covalent bond modification of the acid aggregate surface through SCA atomization spraying and thermal activation modification process, which significantly improved the interfacial chemical compatibility between the aggregate and asphalt. The molding process of three hydraulic cylinders for step-by-step pressing and shaping ensured the compactness of the specimen structure while precisely reserving an injection channel array inside the specimen, laying a structural foundation for the subsequent targeted injection strengthening process.

[0040] Example 4: Reference Figures 7-8 This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment focuses on the core working process of the injection mechanism 42 in the interface strengthening system 4, so as to realize deep targeted injection strengthening of the aggregate-asphalt interface of the molded specimen.

[0041] Specifically, the injection mechanism 42 includes an injection chamber 421, a syringe 422, a fixing clamp 423, a push rod 424, a T-shaped plate 425, and a cylinder 426. The cylinder 426 is fixedly installed on the top of the injection chamber 421. The T-shaped plate 425 is connected to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 426. The two ends of the T-shaped plate 425 are respectively connected downward to the push rod 424. The fixing clamp 423 is connected to the lower end of the push rod 424 and limits and fixes the syringe 422. The syringe 422 is provided with a needle shaft 4221. The needle tip of the needle shaft 4221 is a closed solid cone. Several liquid outlet microholes are arranged axially along the side wall. The diameter of the liquid outlet microholes is 0.3-0.8 mm and the axial spacing is 5 mm.

[0042] Furthermore, during the negative pressure pretreatment stage, the molded specimen enters the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 through the inlet door 411. The guide wheel assembly 412 guides and carries the specimen to be stably positioned inside the chamber. The vacuum pump 413 simultaneously evacuates the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 and the injection chamber 421 through the branched air pipe, bringing the air pressure in both chambers to a negative pressure state and maintaining it for a set time. Under the action of negative pressure, the micropores at the aggregate-asphalt interface inside the specimen expand, and the gas inside the pores is continuously extracted. At the same time, the injection chamber 421 maintains the same negative pressure environment to ensure that the expanded interface micropores are maintained during the transfer of the specimen from the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 to the injection chamber 421. After the negative pressure pretreatment is completed, the outlet door 414 is opened, and the specimen enters the injection chamber 421 and is positioned under continuous negative pressure protection.

[0043] Furthermore, during the targeted injection stage, after the specimen is positioned, the push rod 424 drives the fixing clamp 423 downwards, vertically inserting the needle shaft 4221 of the syringe 422 held by the fixing clamp 423 into the specimen's internal injection channel to the set depth. The closed conical needle tip of the needle shaft 4221 acts as a guide, preventing damage to the inner wall of the channel. After the needle shaft 4221 is inserted into place, the cylinder 426 drives the T-shaped plate 425 to push the piston of the syringe 422 downwards. The composite permeate seeps out evenly in all directions through the micropores on the side wall of the needle shaft 4221. First, the permeate is initially diffused along the capillary pores of the interface at low pressure, and then the pressure is increased to drive the permeate to penetrate deeply into the dense area of ​​the interface. After maintaining the pressure for 1 to 2 minutes, the cylinder 426 is reset in the reverse direction. Then, the push rod 424 drives the fixing clamp 423 upwards in the reverse direction, causing the needle shaft 4221 to slowly withdraw from the specimen.

[0044] It should be noted that the liquid outlet micropores on the side wall of the needle 4221 are designed to be evenly spaced along the axial direction, so that the composite permeate can be evenly seeped out along the entire length within the insertion depth of the needle 4221, forming a continuous annular permeation halo, avoiding the problem of local accumulation of permeate caused by the traditional end liquid outlet method; after the injection is completed and the needle is withdrawn, the specimen is placed at room temperature to cool and solidify naturally.

[0045] It should be noted that the composite permeate uses a composite organic carrier composed of base petroleum asphalt (SP 60~80℃) and petroleum-based aromatic oil, with surface-modified hydrotalcite nanosheets and nano-CaCO3 modified with NDZ-101 as alkaline active functional components, and Span-80 as a dispersant and stabilizer to ensure the stability of the suspension system. Compared with coal tar pitch carrier, base petroleum asphalt has the same molecular structure as road petroleum asphalt, resulting in better interfacial compatibility after curing and reducing related environmental risks.

[0046] It should be noted that the base petroleum asphalt and petroleum-based aromatic oil together constitute a composite carrier system of "hard component and softener". The petroleum-based aromatic oil reduces the effective softening point of the composite carrier to the range of 52-65℃. The viscosity is low enough at the injection temperature of 120-140℃, which provides good permeability. At room temperature and normal road service temperature, it remains solid, thus balancing injection fluidity and curing thermal stability. After needle withdrawal, the specimen is allowed to cool naturally at room temperature. The composite penetrant gradually solidifies into a highly viscoelastic solid as the temperature decreases, permanently sealing the surface-modified hydrotalcite nanosheets and nano-CaCO3 in the micro-region of the aggregate-asphalt interface. At the interface, a four-layer gradient composite reinforced interface structure is formed, consisting of the aggregate mineral surface, the Si-O-Si covalent bond layer, the hydrotalcite and nano-CaCO3 composite penetrant layer, and the original petroleum asphalt film. This significantly improves the interfacial adhesion and water damage resistance.

[0047] In summary, this embodiment 4 solves the technical problem of the permeate being unable to penetrate deep into the interface under the low porosity of dense-graded asphalt mixtures by using a synergistic process of simultaneous negative pressure pretreatment in the vacuum pretreatment chamber and injection chamber and targeted injection. The porous liquid outlet structure of the needle 4221 sidewalls realizes the uniform diffusion of the composite permeate in the interface area. The step-by-step injection process effectively ensures the penetration depth and interface coverage uniformity, realizes deep secondary chemical strengthening of the formed aggregate-asphalt interface, and significantly improves the adhesion and water damage resistance of the interface.

[0048] Example 5: Refer to Figures 1-9 This is the fifth embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for enhancing the interfacial adhesion of acidic tunnel muck aggregates with different particle sizes. The processing flow of this method is basically the same, including screening and crushing, washing and drying, surface modification with silane coupling agent, hot mixing, pressing and molding, negative pressure pretreatment, targeted injection and curing. The difference lies in that the process parameters are adjusted accordingly for tunnel muck aggregates with different particle size ranges.

[0049] Specifically, acidic tunnel muck is fed into the feed hopper 11 and subjected to vibration grading by a multi-layer screening mechanism 12. Muck aggregates with particle sizes of 3-5 mm, 5-13 mm, and 13-19 mm are selected for processing. Oversized material with a particle size larger than the target range enters the multi-layer crushing mechanism 13 for step-by-step crushing. The crushed aggregate enters the aggregate storage bin 14, is washed by a water pump 142, and then dried by a hot air blower 143 until the moisture content of the aggregate is less than 1%.

[0050] Further, in the aggregate surface modification stage, the silane coupling agent hydrolysate is injected into the SCA storage tank 221 and transported to the atomizing sprayer 223 via the metering pump 222, and uniformly sprayed onto the aggregate surface. The sprayed aggregate enters the reaction chamber 213 via the mesh conveyor belt 211 for thermal activation reaction, completing the aggregate surface modification. The modified aggregate and the base petroleum asphalt are hot-mixed in the mixing chamber 313. After being fully mixed by the stirring mechanism 32, it falls into the mold cart 331. The second hydraulic cylinder 334 drives the compaction plate 335 to complete the initial compaction, and then the third hydraulic cylinder 336 drives the shaping plate 337 to press downward, forming an injection channel array inside the specimen. After being cooled by the water-cooling plate 338, the molded specimen is pushed to the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 by the pusher plate 333.

[0051] Furthermore, during the negative pressure pretreatment stage, the inlet door 411 and outlet door 414 are closed, and the vacuum pump 413 is started to simultaneously evacuate the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 and the injection chamber 421, so that the air in the injection channel inside the specimen and the pores of the aggregate-asphalt interface is fully discharged. Subsequently, the specimen enters the injection chamber 421 and is positioned.

[0052] Furthermore, in the targeted injection stage, the composite penetrating liquid is heated and injected into the syringe 422. The push rod 424 drives the fixing clamp 423 to move downward, causing the needle shaft 4221 of the syringe 422 to insert into the specimen along the reserved injection channel. The cylinder 426 drives the T-shaped plate 425 to push the piston of the syringe 422, first injecting at low pressure to allow the composite penetrating liquid to initially diffuse along the injection channel and interface pores, and then increasing the injection pressure to allow the composite penetrating liquid to further penetrate into the deep part of the aggregate-asphalt interface. After the injection is completed, the cylinder 426 and the push rod 424 reset in reverse order, causing the needle shaft 4221 to slowly withdraw from the specimen. The specimen is then left to cure at room temperature, allowing the composite penetrating liquid to gradually cool and solidify.

[0053] Furthermore, the key process parameters for acidic tunnel muck aggregates of different particle sizes are shown in Table 1.

[0054] It should be noted that the particle count, specific surface area, pore size, and interface distribution of cavitation aggregates with different particle sizes vary. Therefore, the crushing, mixing, compaction, negative pressure pretreatment, and injection parameters should be adjusted accordingly. For small-sized aggregates of 3–5 mm, the rotational speed of each stage rotor can be appropriately increased to obtain the target particle size. Due to their large specific surface area per unit mass, numerous particles, and relatively small pore channels after molding, it is advisable to appropriately extend the mixing time, increase the negative pressure and the temperature of the composite penetrating liquid, and use a higher staged injection pressure and a longer injection time to ensure the uniformity of asphalt coating on the aggregate surface and the penetration depth of the composite penetrating liquid. For medium-sized aggregates of 5–13 mm, moderate treatment parameters can be used. For aggregates with a particle size of 13–19 mm, the interparticle porosity is relatively large, and local contact stress is relatively concentrated. Therefore, the initial compaction pressure should be appropriately reduced to avoid aggregate breakage, abnormal particle interlocking, and localized damage to the asphalt film during compaction. For aggregates with a particle size of 3–5 mm, due to the larger number of particles, larger specific surface area, and significant interparticle friction, the initial compaction pressure can be appropriately increased to ensure the density and molding stability of the specimens. The reaction temperature and reaction time of the silane coupling agent are mainly determined based on the type of coupling agent and its hydrolysis state, and are not solely based on the aggregate particle size.

[0055] In summary, this embodiment adopts the same processing flow for acidic tunnel slag aggregates of different particle sizes, and adjusts the parameters of crushing, surface modification, pressing, negative pressure pretreatment and targeted injection according to the particle size, specific surface area and interfacial pore distribution characteristics, so as to realize surface modification, specimen molding and deep interfacial injection strengthening of tunnel slag aggregates of different particle sizes.

[0056] Table 1. Process parameters of acidic tunnel muck aggregates with different particle sizes ; Example 6: Refer to Figures 1-9 This is the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment compares and verifies the surface modification of silane coupling agent, post-molding negative pressure injection strengthening, and the synergistic effect of the two by setting different interface treatment processes.

[0057] Specifically, the same batch of acidic tunnel slag was selected as the aggregate raw material, and the particle size of the aggregate used in the experiment was controlled to be 5-13 mm. Each group used the same aggregate gradation, asphalt type, asphalt-aggregate ratio, mixing temperature, mixing time, compaction pressure, specimen size and curing conditions. The experiment was divided into a traditional process group, an SCA modified group, an injection-reinforced group and a composite-reinforced group, as shown in Table 2.

[0058] Furthermore, the traditional process group uses existing split-type equipment to crush, screen, and dry tunnel muck, without employing the screening pretreatment system 1, surface modification system 2, and interface strengthening system 4 described in this invention. The treated aggregate is directly hot-mixed with base petroleum asphalt containing conventional liquid anti-stripping agent, and specimen molding and curing are completed according to conventional methods.

[0059] Furthermore, the SCA modified aggregate uses the screening pretreatment system 1 described in this invention to screen, crush, wash, and hot-air dry the tunnel muck. The treated aggregate is conveyed by a mesh conveyor belt 211, and a metering pump 222 delivers the silane coupling agent hydrolysate to an atomizing sprayer 223, which then sprays it evenly onto the aggregate surface. The sprayed aggregate enters a reaction chamber 213 to complete thermal activation modification. The modified aggregate is mixed with base petroleum asphalt without anti-stripping agent and pressed into shape. After molding, no negative pressure pretreatment or targeted injection is performed.

[0060] Furthermore, the injection-reinforced group uses the screening pretreatment system 1 described in this invention to screen, crush, wash, and hot-air dry the tunnel slag, but does not perform silane coupling agent surface modification on the aggregate. The pretreated aggregate is mixed with base petroleum asphalt without anti-stripping agent and pressed into specimens with an internal injection channel array. The molded specimens are placed in the vacuum pretreatment chamber 41 and injection chamber 421 for negative pressure pretreatment, and then the composite penetrating liquid is injected into the aggregate-asphalt interface region inside the specimen by the syringe 422.

[0061] Furthermore, the composite reinforcement group adopts the complete processing technology described in this invention. After screening, crushing, washing, and hot air drying, tunnel muck is atomized and thermally activated using a silane coupling agent hydrolysate. The modified aggregate is mixed with base petroleum asphalt without anti-stripping agent and pressed into specimens with an internal injection channel array. After negative pressure pretreatment, the molded specimens are directionally injected into the deep aggregate-asphalt interface and cured at room temperature.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the interface treatment processes and mechanisms employed in each group, qualitative analyses were conducted on the interfacial bonding performance, water stability, adhesion performance, and composite permeate distribution characteristics. The expected performance characteristics for each group are shown in Table 3. The traditional process group primarily improves the adhesion between aggregates and asphalt by adding anti-stripping agents to the asphalt; the SCA-modified group improves the interfacial chemical compatibility between acidic aggregates and asphalt through surface modification with silane coupling agents; the injection-reinforced group fills some interfacial pores and microcracks inside the molded specimens through negative pressure venting and composite permeate injection; the composite-reinforced group simultaneously employs SCA surface modification and post-molding negative pressure injection, which is expected to simultaneously improve interfacial chemical compatibility and strengthen internal micro-defects.

[0063] It should be noted that the conventional process group is mainly used to evaluate the overall improvement potential of the complete treatment process of this invention compared with existing anti-stripping agent treatment processes; the SCA modified group, injection-strengthened group, and composite-strengthened group use the same raw materials and specimen preparation conditions to compare the different characteristics of silane coupling agent surface modification and negative pressure injection strengthening. Since the conventional process group and SCA modified group did not undergo composite permeate injection, their permeation distribution characteristics are not evaluated.

[0064] It should be noted that the conventional process group is mainly used to evaluate the overall improvement potential of the complete treatment process of this invention compared with existing anti-stripping agent treatment processes; the SCA modified group, injection-strengthened group, and composite-strengthened group use the same raw materials and specimen preparation conditions to compare the different characteristics of silane coupling agent surface modification and negative pressure injection strengthening. Since the conventional process group and SCA modified group did not undergo composite permeate injection, their permeation distribution characteristics are not evaluated.

[0065] In summary, this embodiment provides a comparative scheme for evaluating the characteristics of different interface treatment methods by setting up four processes: traditional anti-stripping agent treatment, SCA modification alone, negative pressure injection reinforcement alone, and composite reinforcement. Silane coupling agent surface modification is expected to improve the interfacial chemical compatibility between acidic aggregates and asphalt, while negative pressure injection reinforcement is expected to help expel air from interfacial pores and fill some internal micro-defects. The combined use of these two methods has the potential to simultaneously improve interfacial bonding and water stability.

[0066] Table 2 Information on control groups for each experiment ; Table 3 Expected Effects of Different Interface Treatment Processes ; Importantly, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for improving the adhesion of rock-asphalt interface in tunnel slag, characterized in that: It includes a screening pretreatment system (1), a surface modification system (2), a specimen forming system (3), and an interface strengthening system (4) connected in series.

2. The tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening pretreatment system (1) includes a feeding hopper (11), a multi-layer screening mechanism (12), a multi-layer crushing mechanism (13), and a material storage bin (14). The feed hopper (11) is located at the upper inlet of the multi-layer screening mechanism (12); The multi-layer screening mechanism (12) includes a coarse aggregate screening plate (121), a medium aggregate screening plate (122) and a fine aggregate screening plate (123) arranged from top to bottom. The coarse aggregate screening plate (121), the medium aggregate screening plate (122) and the fine aggregate screening plate (123) are all provided with telescopic rods (1211) and shock-absorbing springs (1212) below the edges of the plate. The multi-layer crushing mechanism (13) is located on the left side of the multi-layer screening mechanism (12), and includes a first rotor (131), a second rotor (133) and a third rotor (134) stacked vertically. The first rotor (131), the second rotor (133) and the third rotor (134) are each provided with a hammer (1311), a pulley (1312) and a rotor motor (1313). The inner wall of the multi-layer crushing mechanism (13) is provided with a toothed plate (132), and a crusher chamber door (135) is provided on one side of the multi-layer crushing mechanism (13). The aggregate storage bin (14) is located at the discharge end below the multi-layer screening mechanism (12) and the multi-layer crushing mechanism (13), and includes a water tank (141), a water pump (142), a hot air blower (143) and a pneumatic door (144). The water tank (141) is located on the right side of the multi-layer screening mechanism (12), the water pump (142) is connected to the water tank (141), the hot air blower (143) is located below the multi-layer crushing mechanism (13), and the pneumatic door (144) is located at the discharge end to the right of the hot air blower (143).

3. The tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface modification system (2) includes a conveying mechanism (21) and a modification mechanism (22). The conveying mechanism (21) includes a mesh conveyor belt (211), a residual liquid recovery tank (212), and a reaction chamber (213). The residual liquid recovery tank (212) is located directly below the mesh conveyor belt (211), and the reaction chamber (213) is located in the chamber of the rear half of the mesh conveyor belt (211). The modification mechanism is located directly above the conveying mechanism (21) and includes an SCA storage tank (221), a metering pump (222), and an atomizing sprayer (223). The atomizing sprayer (223) is located above the front half of the mesh conveyor belt (211), and the metering pump (222) is connected to the pipeline between the SCA storage tank (221) and the atomizing sprayer (223).

4. The tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen molding system (3) includes a mixing mechanism (31), a stirring mechanism (32), and a molding mechanism (33). The mixing mechanism (31) includes an asphalt storage tank (311), a feed inlet (312), and a mixing chamber (313). The asphalt storage tank (311) is located on the right side of the mixing chamber (313) and connected by a pipeline. The feed inlet (312) is located on the top of the mixing chamber (313). The stirring mechanism (32) is located directly below the mixing mechanism (31) and connected by a pipeline. It includes a stirring motor (321), a first gear (322), a first stirrer (323), a second gear (324), a second stirrer (325), a reducer (326), and a discharge port (327). The output end of the stirring motor (321) is connected to the input end of the reducer (326), and the output end of the reducer (326) is connected to the end of the stirring shaft of the first stirrer (323). The first gear (322) and the second gear (324) mesh with each other. The first gear (322) is connected to the first stirrer (323), and the second gear (324) is connected to the second stirrer (325). The discharge port (327) is located at the bottom of the stirring mechanism (32). The forming mechanism (33) is located below the mixing mechanism (32) and includes a mold carriage (331), a first hydraulic cylinder (332), a push plate (333), a second hydraulic cylinder (334), a compaction plate (335), a third hydraulic cylinder (336), a shaping plate (337), a water-cooling plate (338), and a mold slot gate (339). The mold carriage (331) is movably mounted on the track of the forming mechanism (33), with its initial position located directly below the discharge port (327). The first hydraulic cylinder (332) is horizontally mounted on one side of the mold carriage (331), and the push plate (333) is positioned below the discharge port (327). 333) is connected to the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder (332), the second hydraulic cylinder (334) is vertically arranged above the mold carriage (331), the compaction plate (335) is connected to the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder (334), the third hydraulic cylinder (336) is arranged on the left side of the second hydraulic cylinder (334), the shaping plate (337) is connected to the piston rod end of the third hydraulic cylinder (336), the water cooling plate (338) is attached to the outside of the push plate (333), and the mold slot door (339) is arranged on the opposite side of the push plate (333).

5. The tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface strengthening system (4) includes a vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) and an injection mechanism (42). The vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) includes an inlet door (411), a guide wheel assembly (412), a vacuum pump (413), and an outlet door (414). The inlet door (411) and the outlet door (414) are respectively sealed at the inlet and outlet ends of the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41). The guide wheel assembly (412) is located on the bottom surface inside the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41). The vacuum pump (413) is connected to the top of the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) and the top of the injection chamber (421) of the injection mechanism (42) through a branched air pipe. The injection mechanism (42) is located above the outlet end of the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) and includes an injection chamber (421), a syringe (422), a fixing clamp (423), a push rod (424), a T-shaped plate (425), and a cylinder (426). The cylinder (426) is fixedly installed on the top of the injection chamber (421). The T-shaped plate (425) is connected to the piston rod end of the cylinder (426). The two ends of the T-shaped plate (425) are respectively connected downward to the push rod (424). The fixing clamp (423) is connected to the lower end of the push rod (424). The fixing clamp (423) is located on the inner wall of the injection chamber (421) and limits and fixes the syringe (422). The syringe (422) is provided with a needle shaft (4221), the tip of which is a closed solid cone, and a number of liquid outlet micro-holes are arranged axially on the side wall. The diameter of the liquid outlet micro-holes is 0.3 to 0.8 mm and the axial spacing is 5 mm.

6. An application method for a tunnel slag rock-asphalt interface adhesion enhancement device based on any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Screening and pretreatment: Tunnel slag is fed into the feed hopper (11). After being vibrated and graded by the multi-layer screening mechanism (12), oversized material enters the multi-layer crushing mechanism (13) and is crushed step by step to 3-19mm by the first rotor (131), the second rotor (133), the third rotor (134) and the toothed plate (132). The crushed aggregate enters the aggregate storage bin (14), is flushed by water pump (142), and dried by hot air blower (143) until the moisture content is less than 1%. It is then quantitatively output by the pneumatic door (144). S2. Surface modification: The dried aggregate is conveyed by a mesh conveyor belt (211), and the metering pump (222) delivers the silane coupling agent hydrolysate from the SCA storage tank (221) to the atomizing sprayer (223) to uniformly spray the aggregate surface. The remaining liquid is recycled by the remaining liquid recovery tank (212). After spraying, the aggregate enters the reaction chamber (213) and reacts at 80-140℃ for 15-20 minutes to complete the surface modification of the aggregate. S3. Hot mixing and pressing: Modified aggregates are mixed with hot asphalt fed into the asphalt storage tank (311) through the feed inlet (312) in the mixing chamber (313). The mixing motor (321) drives the first agitator (323) and the second agitator (325) to rotate in opposite directions via the reducer (326) to fully mix the asphalt mixture. The mixture falls from the discharge port (327) into the mold car (331) directly below. The second hydraulic cylinder (334) drives the compaction plate (335) to apply 300-500 kPa downward to the mixture. The compaction force; after compaction, the mold carriage (331) moves along the track to the bottom of the third hydraulic cylinder (336), the third hydraulic cylinder (336) drives the shaping plate (337) to press down, and the protruding spike structure on the bottom surface of the shaping plate (337) forms an injection channel array inside the specimen; then the water cooling plate (338) cools the specimen in a controlled manner, and after cooling, the mold slot door (339) rotates to open the demolding, the first hydraulic cylinder (332) drives the push plate (333) to push the demolded specimen horizontally to the inlet door (411) of the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) to obtain a standard specimen with an injection channel array inside; S4. Negative pressure pretreatment: The molded specimen enters the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) through the inlet door (411), is guided and positioned by the guide wheel group (412) and output. The vacuum pump (413) simultaneously draws the vacuum pretreatment chamber (41) and the injection chamber (421) to a negative pressure state through the branched air pipe. After the outlet door (414) is opened, the specimen enters the injection chamber (421). S5. Targeted injection enhancement: The push rod (424) drives the fixing clamp (423) downward, vertically inserting the needle shaft (4221) of the syringe (422) held by the fixing clamp (423) into the injection channel inside the specimen to the set depth. After the needle shaft (4221) is inserted into place, the cylinder (426) drives the T-shaped plate (425) to push the piston of the syringe (422) downward. First, the composite permeate is initially diffused at low pressure, and then it is raised to high pressure for deep permeation. After maintaining the pressure for 1 to 2 minutes, the cylinder (426) is reversed and reset. Then, the push rod (424) drives the fixing clamp (423) to rise in the opposite direction, driving the needle shaft (4221) out of the specimen. S6. Curing and maintenance: After injection, the specimens are left to cool and cure naturally at room temperature.

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