A crushing and pressing integrated device for soybean oil pretreatment

Abstract

The application discloses a crushing and pressing integrated device for soybean oil pretreatment and belongs to the milling technical field.The device comprises a whole machine rack, a crushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the surface of the whole machine rack, a spiral pressing mechanism is in communication with one side of the crushing mechanism, a back pressure disc is arranged at the end of the spiral pressing mechanism, and a back pressure adjusting mechanism is arranged on the side, away from the spiral pressing mechanism, of the back pressure disc.In the application, the crushing tooth plate is rotatably assembled on the inner side of the back pressure disc, a plurality of groups of hard teeth are uniformly arranged on the side end face of the crushing tooth plate, which faces the pressing cylinder, the teeth are in sharp corner protruding structures and are equidistantly arranged along the circumference, the hardened and consolidated and clumped residue cakes are continuously scratched and cut and crushed, the compact residue cake consolidation and clamping under the mature pressing working condition are broken, and the discharging jamming and blocking is avoided, manual shutdown and cleaning are not needed, the continuous operation of the soybean mature pressing process is guaranteed, and the hot oil pressing discharging stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressing technology, specifically to an integrated crushing and pressing device for soybean oilseed pretreatment. Background Technology

[0002] Soybean oil is a mainstream edible vegetable oil made from soybeans. It is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E, has a clear color, and a moderate smoke point. It is widely used for frying, stir-frying, and cooking, and is a common oil for domestic households and restaurants. It is divided into two types of products: pressed and solvent-extracted. In the early stage of production, it is necessary to clean the soybeans of impurities. The core processing relies on an integrated raw material crushing and pressing equipment. This machine integrates feeding, crushing, and screw pressing modules, eliminating the need for segmented raw material transfer. The equipment first crushes the whole soybeans to increase the contact area of ​​the oil, and then releases the oil through screw extrusion, continuously producing crude soybean oil. This simplifies the traditional multi-machine step-by-step process, reduces raw material loss, and improves oil extraction efficiency. The crude oil is then refined through degumming, decolorization, and deodorization to remove impurities and odors, finally producing finished soybean oil that meets national standards.

[0003] In the existing technology, after the crushing roller crushes the soybeans into soybean blanks, the soybean blanks are directly fed into the screw press mechanism. The screw shaft continuously rotates and pushes and squeezes the soybean blanks step by step, and the oil is extracted from the oil outlet on the side wall of the press cylinder. The pressed soybean meal is transported to the tail of the cylinder and formed into a cake by the back pressure plate, which falls and is collected naturally. In order to assist the discharge, the back pressure plate is equipped with a synchronously rotating vertical rod on the side facing the pressing mechanism. It scrapes and disperses the sticky cake with the rhythm of conveying, which is used to alleviate the problem of cake sticking to the wall and poor discharge.

[0004] However, in actual use, the soybean oil pressing process usually involves first roasting and conditioning the soybeans, and then crushing and pressing them. Due to the residual heat from the high temperature, the pressed soybean meal loses water and hardens. The residue cake is very prone to high-temperature caking, hardening and clumping. Relying solely on the simple synchronous rotating vertical rod, the scraping force is weak and cannot break up the hardened residue cake. Discharge jamming and blockage will still occur, making it difficult to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the oil pressing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated crushing and pressing device for soybean oilseed pretreatment, so as to solve the problem that the residue cake is not easy to fall off on its own in the prior art.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: including a machine frame, a crushing mechanism is provided on one side of the surface of the machine frame, a screw pressing mechanism is connected to one side of the crushing mechanism, a back pressure plate is provided at the end of the screw pressing mechanism, a back pressure adjusting mechanism is provided on the side of the back pressure plate away from the screw pressing mechanism, and the back pressure adjusting mechanism is fixedly installed on the machine frame; An auxiliary discharge mechanism is provided on the side of the back pressure plate near the screw pressing mechanism. The auxiliary discharge mechanism includes a crushing tooth plate, which is rotatably mounted on the back pressure plate. The surface of the crushing tooth plate is provided with a number of teeth. When the crushing tooth plate rotates, the teeth rotate with the crushing tooth plate and can break the residue cake and make it fall off.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary discharge mechanism further includes a movable cavity opened on the back pressure plate, the crushing tooth plate is slidably installed inside the movable cavity, a second spring is provided inside the movable cavity, the two ends of the second spring press against the crushing tooth plate and the movable cavity respectively, a servo motor is provided on the side of the back pressure plate away from the crushing tooth plate, the servo motor is provided with an output shaft, and the output shaft passes through the back pressure plate and is connected to the crushing tooth plate.

[0008] Preferably, the output shaft has a movable groove at one end inside the crushing tooth plate, and the movable groove extends along the length of the output shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the crushing toothed plate has an adapter groove in the middle, a groove on one side of the adapter groove, and a vertical rod is vertically installed on the inner wall of the groove, and the vertical rod is slidably installed inside the movable groove.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting mechanism is provided between the back pressure plate and the crushing tooth plate. The limiting mechanism includes a groove formed on the crushing tooth plate, a protrusion slidably installed inside the groove, and a spring three is also provided inside the groove, with the two ends of the spring three pressing on the groove and the protrusion respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting mechanism further includes a through groove formed on the back pressure plate, and a threaded pin is rotatably installed inside the through groove.

[0012] Preferably, a gap adjustment mechanism is provided between the screw pressing mechanism and the back pressure plate. The gap adjustment mechanism includes a limiting block fixed on the screw pressing mechanism, and a limiting groove is formed on the limiting block. The screw pressing mechanism also includes a mounting plate and a second servo motor. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the back pressure plate, and the second servo motor is mounted on the mounting plate. The output end of the second servo motor passes through the inner wall of the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to an abutment block. The abutment block is engaged with the limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a guide hopper, the opening of which is hinged with a cover plate, and a crushing roller is provided inside the guide hopper.

[0014] Preferably, the screw pressing mechanism includes an oil collecting shell, inside which a pressing cylinder is provided, and a plurality of oil outlets are opened on one side surface of the pressing cylinder, and a screw shaft is rotatably installed inside the pressing cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the back pressure adjustment mechanism includes a mounting component, the mounting component having symmetrically arranged mounting cavities inside, a pressing plate being slidably mounted inside the mounting cavity, a telescopic rod being fixedly connected to one end of the pressing plate, the end of the telescopic rod away from the pressing plate passing through the inner wall of the mounting component and being fixedly connected to the back pressure plate, and a spring being provided inside the mounting cavity, the two ends of the spring pressing on the pressing plate and the mounting cavity respectively.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. In this invention, a crushing toothed plate is rotated and assembled inside the back pressure plate, and multiple sets of hard teeth are evenly arranged on the end face of the crushing toothed plate facing the pressing cylinder. The teeth have a pointed protrusion structure and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference, thereby continuously scraping, cutting and crushing the high-temperature hardened and clump-like residue cake. This achieves the effect of breaking up the dense residue cake that is stuck under the cooked pressing condition and avoiding the blockage of the discharge. There is no need for manual shutdown to clean the material, ensuring continuous operation of the soybean cooked pressing process and improving the stability of the hot oil pressing output.

[0017] 2. In this invention, a limiting mechanism is set to controllably limit and lock the crushing tooth plate. In the closed standby state of the equipment, the crushing tooth plate is fixed and stored by using the protrusion to lock the through groove, which isolates the bidirectional pressure of the slag cake and the spring on the two pairs of crushing tooth plates, avoiding affecting the gap between the back pressure plate and the pressing cylinder. After the back pressure plate is pushed by the slag cake to form a qualified slag discharge gap, the crushing tooth plate can be manually unlocked and released to pop out. This avoids the defect of the bidirectional pressure restricting the formation of the slag discharge gap and causing the material discharge to be obstructed, and improves the stability and continuity of the equipment's pressing output.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the gap is controllable by setting a gap adjustment mechanism and using a servo motor to drive the rotating locking of the abutment block. When the equipment stops, the residue cake has not completely fallen off, and the back pressure plate and the pressing cylinder are in the open state, the abutment block can be rotated in advance to make it perpendicular to the limiting groove and abut against the limiting block. The position of the back pressure plate is locked by mechanical locking, and the opening gap of the equipment is continuously maintained. After cleaning, the abutment block can be rotated back to release the limiting, and the back pressure plate will automatically close under the action of the spring. This avoids the defects of no residue cake pushing force after the equipment stops and the gap closing automatically, which makes it difficult to clean the internal residue and sewage. It simplifies the equipment maintenance process and improves the convenience of equipment use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spiral pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back pressure adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the back pressure plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gap adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the two-variation structure of the spring of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Machine frame; 2. Crushing mechanism; 21. Guide hopper; 22. Cover plate; 23. Crushing roller; 3. Screw pressing mechanism; 31. Oil collecting shell; 32. Pressing cylinder; 321. Oil outlet; 33. Screw shaft; 4. Back pressure adjusting mechanism; 41. Mounting component; 42. Mounting cavity; 43. Extrusion plate; 44. Telescopic rod; 45. Spring 1; 5. Back pressure plate; 6. Auxiliary discharge mechanism; 61. Movable cavity; 62. Crushing tooth plate 621. Adaptor slot; 622. Groove; 623. Vertical rod; 63. Tooth; 64. Servo motor one; 641. Output shaft; 642. Movable slot; 65. Spring two; 7. Limiting mechanism; 71. Countersunk groove; 72. Protrusion; 73. Spring three; 74. Through groove; 75. Threaded pin; 8. Gap adjustment mechanism; 81. Limiting block; 811. Limiting groove; 82. Servo motor two; 83. Abutment block; 84. Mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 In actual use, the soybean oil pressing process usually involves first roasting and conditioning the soybeans, and then crushing and pressing them. Due to the high temperature and residual heat, the pressed soybean meal loses water and hardens. The residue cake is very easy to clump together and harden at high temperatures. Relying solely on the simple, synchronously rotating vertical rod, the scraping force is weak and cannot break up the hardened residue cake. This still results in discharge jamming and blockage, making it difficult to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the oil pressing equipment.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 9 In this embodiment, the machine includes a frame 1, a crushing mechanism 2 is provided on one side of the surface of the frame 1, a screw pressing mechanism 3 is connected to one side of the crushing mechanism 2, a back pressure plate 5 is provided at the end of the screw pressing mechanism 3, a back pressure adjusting mechanism 4 is provided on the side of the back pressure plate 5 away from the screw pressing mechanism 3, and the back pressure adjusting mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. An auxiliary discharge mechanism 6 is provided on the side of the back pressure plate 5 near the screw pressing mechanism 3. The auxiliary discharge mechanism 6 includes a crushing tooth plate 62, which is rotatably mounted on the back pressure plate 5. The surface of the crushing tooth plate 62 is provided with a number of teeth 63. When the crushing tooth plate 62 rotates, the teeth 63 rotate with the crushing tooth plate 62 and can crush the residue cake and drop it.

[0024] Working principle: such as Figure 7 When the equipment is working, the frame 1 provides installation support for each mechanism. After being crushed by the crushing mechanism 2, the soybean raw material is conveyed to the screw pressing mechanism 3 for oil extraction. The back pressure adjustment mechanism 4 is installed on the frame 1 and can adjust the position of the back pressure plate 5 to control the discharge gap and pressing pressure of the screw pressing mechanism 3. The pressed residue cake is conveyed to the discharge position. Relying on the structure of the crushing tooth plate 62 rotating on the back pressure plate 5, the crushing tooth plate 62 drives several teeth 63 on its surface to rotate synchronously, mechanically crushing the residue cake that is stuck at the discharge end, so that the compact and sticky residue cake can be crushed and fall off smoothly, completing the automated auxiliary discharge operation.

[0025] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the following: by rotating and assembling the crushing tooth plate 62 inside the back pressure plate 5, and evenly arranging multiple sets of hard teeth 63 on the end face of the crushing tooth plate 62 facing the pressing cylinder 32, the teeth 63 have a pointed protruding structure and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference, thereby continuously scraping, cutting and crushing the high-temperature hardened and clumped residue cake, which can break up the dense residue cake that is stuck under the cooked pressing condition and avoid the discharge jamming. There is no need for manual shutdown to clean the material, ensuring continuous operation of the soybean cooked pressing process and improving the stability of the hot oil pressing output.

[0026] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the auxiliary discharge mechanism 6 further includes a movable cavity 61 opened on the back pressure plate 5. The crushing tooth plate 62 is slidably installed inside the movable cavity 61. A second spring 65 is provided inside the movable cavity 61. The two ends of the second spring 65 press on the crushing tooth plate 62 and the movable cavity 61 respectively. A servo motor 64 is provided on the side of the back pressure plate 5 away from the crushing tooth plate 62. An output shaft 641 is provided on the servo motor 64. The output shaft 641 passes through the back pressure plate 5 and is connected to the crushing tooth plate 62.

[0027] It should be noted that the movable cavity 61 on the back pressure plate 5 provides installation and movement space, and the crushing tooth plate 62 is slidably installed inside the movable cavity 61. During the initial standby and pressing start-up stages of the equipment, the crushing tooth plate 62 is completely housed inside the movable cavity 61. On the one hand, the back pressure plate 5 can seal the oil collection shell 31. On the other hand, it avoids the force defect of the residue preferentially squeezing the crushing tooth plate 62 in the early stage of pressing, and then indirectly pushing the back pressure plate 5. It also eliminates the interference of the front extrusion force with the back pressure plate gap adjustment and prevents the pressing chamber from locking up and being unable to discharge material before a compliant discharge gap is formed. The crushing toothed plate 62 can extend and retract within the movable cavity 61. A second spring 65 is installed inside the movable cavity 61, with its two ends abutting against the crushing toothed plate 62 and the cavity wall of the movable cavity 61, respectively, providing elastic limiting and resetting functions for the crushing toothed plate 62. A servo motor 64 is installed and fixed on the outside of the back pressure plate 5. The output shaft 641 of the servo motor 64 passes through the back pressure plate 5 and is connected to the crushing toothed plate 62. The servo motor 64 can output power through the output shaft 641. After the crushing chamber is formed into a qualified slag discharge gap, it drives the crushing toothed plate 62 to rotate and extend, realizing the slag cake crushing and discharge operation.

[0028] like Figure 6 In this embodiment, the output shaft 641 is provided with a movable groove 642 at one end inside the crushing tooth plate 62, and the movable groove 642 extends along the length direction of the output shaft 641; the crushing tooth plate 62 is provided with an adapter groove 621 in the middle, and a groove 622 is provided on one side of the adapter groove 621. A vertical rod 623 is vertically installed on the inner wall of the groove 622, and the vertical rod 623 is slidably installed inside the movable groove 642.

[0029] It should be noted that the output shaft 641 has a movable groove 642 along its length at its end. The crushing tooth plate 62 is provided with a connected adapter groove 621 and a groove 622 in sequence. A vertical rod 623 is provided inside the groove 622, and the vertical rod 623 is slidably fitted inside the movable groove 642. When the equipment is stopped and the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 are in a closed state, the crushing tooth plate 62 retracts into the movable cavity 61, and the second spring 65 is in a compressed state. When the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 are released and the equipment is in the slag discharge state, the second spring 65 rebounds and drives the crushing tooth plate 62 to extend outside the movable cavity 61. During the extension and retraction displacement of the crushing tooth plate 62, the vertical rod 623 always maintains a sliding fit with the movable groove 642, so that the crushing tooth plate 62 and the servo motor 64 always maintain a transmission connection. There will be no transmission disengagement or inability to rotate due to changes in the extension and retraction position, and the output shaft 641 torque can be continuously received to complete the slag cake crushing operation.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 2 includes a guide hopper 21, a cover plate 22 is hinged to the opening of the guide hopper 21, and a crushing roller 23 is provided inside the guide hopper 21.

[0031] It should be noted that the crushing mechanism 2 completes the raw material introduction through the guide hopper 21. The guide hopper 21 is used to receive and guide the raw material to be processed, so as to achieve stable feeding of the raw material. The cover plate 22 is hinged to the opening of the guide hopper 21. The cover plate 22 can open and close relative to the guide hopper 21, and can close or open the upper opening of the guide hopper 21, so as to play a protective and shielding role. The crushing roller 23 is installed inside the guide hopper 21. After the raw material enters the guide hopper 21, it can contact the crushing roller 23. The crushing roller 23 crushes the raw material by squeezing and crushing it, thus completing the raw material crushing process and providing qualified materials for subsequent pressing processing.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the screw pressing mechanism 3 includes an oil collecting shell 31, and a pressing cylinder 32 is provided inside the oil collecting shell 31. A plurality of oil outlets 321 are opened on one side surface of the pressing cylinder 32, and a screw shaft 33 is rotatably installed inside the pressing cylinder 32.

[0033] It should be noted that the screw pressing mechanism 3 provides external protection and oil collection installation space through the oil collecting shell 31. The inside of the oil collecting shell 31 is used to install and fix the pressing cylinder 32. The pressing cylinder 32 serves as the main structure for pressing, and several oil outlets 321 on its side wall are used to discharge the oil extracted by the material. A screw shaft 33 is rotatably installed inside the pressing cylinder 32. During the rotation of the screw shaft 33, it can continuously push the crushed material and continuously squeeze the material, so that the oil inside the material is squeezed out through the oil outlets 321, thus realizing the pressing and oil extraction operation of the material.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the back pressure adjustment mechanism 4 includes a mounting member 41. The mounting member 41 has symmetrically opened mounting cavities 42. A pressing plate 43 is slidably installed inside the mounting cavity 42. One end of the pressing plate 43 is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod 44. The end of the telescopic rod 44 away from the pressing plate 43 passes through the inner wall of the mounting member 41 and is fixedly connected to the back pressure plate 5. A spring 45 is also provided inside the mounting cavity 42. The two ends of the spring 45 press on the pressing plate 43 and the mounting cavity 42 respectively.

[0035] It should be noted that the back pressure adjustment mechanism 4 uses the mounting component 41 as the overall mounting base. The mounting cavity 42 symmetrically opened inside the mounting component 41 is used to provide sliding mounting space. The extrusion plate 43 is slidably assembled inside the mounting cavity 42. The extrusion plate 43 can slide and move along the inside of the mounting cavity 42. The extrusion plate 43 is fixedly connected to the back pressure plate 5 through the telescopic rod 44. During the pressing operation, the residue cake is continuously pushed and presses against the back pressure plate 5, so that the back pressure plate 5 drives the extrusion plate 43 to slide and move through the telescopic rod 44. The spring 45 inside the mounting cavity 42 is compressed and deformed as the extrusion plate 43 slides. The elastic resistance of the spring 45 maintains the back pressure inside the pressing chamber. At the same time, the discharge gap can be adaptively adjusted according to the extrusion cake pushing force.

[0036] Example 2 It is understandable that in Embodiment 1, by adding a rotatable crushing toothed plate 62 to the back pressure plate 5, and by using the teeth 63 evenly distributed on its surface to continuously scrape, crush, and disperse the formed slag cake at the discharge end, the discharge is not obstructed. However, in actual use, during normal slag discharge, the outer slag cake will continuously exert a pushing pressure on the crushing toothed plate 62, while the second spring 65 will continuously exert an elastic pushing force on the crushing toothed plate 62. The crushing toothed plate 62 is subjected to bidirectional pressure, and the force is transmitted to the back pressure plate 5, which restricts the displacement adjustment of the back pressure plate 5. This results in the inability to form a normal slag discharge gap between the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32, hindering the normal discharge of the slag cake and affecting the efficiency of continuous discharge operation of the equipment.

[0037] like Figure 7 To solve the above problems, a limiting mechanism 7 is provided between the back pressure plate 5 and the crushing tooth plate 62. The limiting mechanism 7 includes a groove 71 opened on the crushing tooth plate 62. A protrusion 72 is slidably installed inside the groove 71. A spring 73 is also provided inside the groove 71. The two ends of the spring 73 press on the groove 71 and the protrusion 72 respectively.

[0038] Working principle: such as Figure 7 The limiting mechanism 7 is located between the back pressure plate 5 and the crushing tooth plate 62. When the crushing tooth plate 62 is housed inside the movable cavity 61, the settling trough 71 and the through groove 74 are positioned opposite each other. The protrusion 72 pops out under the action of the spring 3 73 and gets stuck inside the through groove 74, thus limiting the housing of the crushing tooth plate 62. At this time, a pre-reserved gap is left between the threaded nail 75 and the protrusion 72. After the slag cake is continuously pushed and pushed against the back pressure plate 5, so that the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 form a compliant slag discharge gap, the knob on the threaded nail 75 is manually turned. The bottom of the threaded nail 75 squeezes the protrusion 72, so that the protrusion 72 compresses the spring 3 73 and retracts into the settling trough 71, thus releasing the limiting lock. The crushing tooth plate 62 pops out from inside the movable cavity 61 under the action of the spring 2 65. At the same time, the servo motor 1 64 drives the crushing tooth plate 62 to rotate through the output shaft 641 to crush the slag cake at the discharge port.

[0039] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in: by setting a limiting mechanism 7, the crushing tooth plate 62 is controlled and locked; in the closed standby state of the equipment, the crushing tooth plate 62 is fixed by using the protrusion 72 to engage the through groove 74, isolating the bidirectional pressure of the slag cake and the spring 65 on the crushing tooth plate 62, avoiding affecting the gap between the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32. After the back pressure plate 5 is pushed by the slag cake to form a qualified slag discharge gap, the crushing tooth plate 62 can be manually unlocked and released for pop-out operation; this avoids the defect of the bidirectional pressure restricting the formation of the slag discharge gap and causing the material discharge to be obstructed, thus improving the stability and continuity of the equipment's pressing output.

[0040] like Figure 7In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 7 also includes a through groove 74 formed on the back pressure plate 5, and a threaded pin 75 is rotatably installed inside the through groove 74.

[0041] It should be noted that the through groove 74 provides space for the installation and rotation of the threaded pin 75, which is rotatably assembled inside the through groove 74. The threaded pin 75 can rotate within the through groove 74 to achieve axial feed displacement. By screwing the threaded pin 75, its end can extend and press against the protrusion 72, thereby completing the limit unlocking action of the breaking tooth plate 62 and realizing the controllable unlocking engagement of the structure.

[0042] Example 3 It is understandable that in Embodiment 2, by setting the limiting mechanism 7, the crushing tooth plate 62 is controlled and locked to avoid the defect of obstructed material discharge due to the limitation of slag discharge gap caused by bidirectional pressure, thereby improving the stability and continuity of the equipment's pressing output. However, in actual use, when the equipment is stopped, the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 remain closed. When it is necessary to perform a shutdown cleaning operation inside the oil collection shell 31, there is no slag cake pushing force inside the equipment, so the back pressure plate 5 cannot be pushed open. As a result, a cleaning gap cannot be formed between the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32, and the sewage cannot be discharged normally, making the cleaning operation inside the oil collection shell 31 difficult and affecting the equipment's shutdown maintenance efficiency.

[0043] like Figure 8 To solve the above problems, a gap adjustment mechanism 8 is provided between the screw pressing mechanism 3 and the back pressure plate 5. The gap adjustment mechanism 8 includes a limiting block 81 fixed on the screw pressing mechanism 3. A limiting groove 811 is opened on the limiting block 81. The screw pressing mechanism 3 also includes a mounting plate 84 and a servo motor 82. The mounting plate 84 is fixedly mounted on the back pressure plate 5. The servo motor 82 is mounted on the mounting plate 84. The output end of the servo motor 82 passes through the inner wall of the mounting plate 84 and is fixedly connected to an abutment block 83. The abutment block 83 is engaged with the limiting groove 811.

[0044] Working principle: such as Figure 8The gap adjustment mechanism 8 is located between the screw pressing mechanism 3 and the back pressure plate 5 to actively control the opening and closing gap of the equipment; the limiting block 81 is fixed on the screw pressing mechanism 3, and the limiting block 81 has a limiting groove 811; before the equipment stops, residue cake remains between the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32, and the two are in a separated state. The abutment block 83 moves away from the limiting groove 811 with the back pressure plate 5 and is always outside the limiting groove 811; before the equipment cleaning operation, after the residue cake has completely fallen off and the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 are closed, the gap adjustment mechanism 8 is adjusted to allow the equipment to close properly. Before closing, servo motor 2 drives the abutment block 83 to rotate, so that the abutment block 83 is perpendicular to the limiting groove 811. After the residue cake has completely fallen off and there is no pushing force, the abutment block 83 abuts against the limiting block 81, locking the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 in the open state. When the equipment needs to be closed, servo motor 2 drives the abutment block 83 to rotate again, so that the abutment block 83 and the limiting groove 811 are aligned and the limiting is released. The back pressure plate 5 is reset under the elastic force of spring 45 and closes with the pressing cylinder 32.

[0045] It should be emphasized that the core improvement of this embodiment lies in the following: by setting a gap adjustment mechanism 8 and driving the abutment block 83 to rotate and lock in place by a servo motor 2 82, the gap can be controlled and adjusted. When the equipment stops, the residue cake has not completely fallen off, and the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 are in the open state, the abutment block 83 can be rotated in advance to make it perpendicular to the limiting groove 811 and abut against the limiting block 81. The position of the back pressure plate 5 is locked by mechanical locking, and the opening gap of the equipment is maintained continuously. After cleaning, the abutment block 83 can be rotated back to release the limit, and the back pressure plate 5 will automatically close under the action of the spring 1 45. This avoids the defects of no residue cake pushing force after the equipment stops and the gap closing automatically, which makes it difficult to clean the internal residue and sewage. It simplifies the equipment maintenance process and improves the convenience of equipment use.

[0046] Working principle: When in use, first open the cover plate 22, then pour the soybean raw material into the guide hopper 21 through the opening of the guide hopper 21. Under the guidance of the guide hopper 21, the raw material enters the equipment. Then, the soybean raw material is squeezed and crushed by the crushing roller 23 to process the raw material into a material suitable for pressing operation. After crushing, the material is continuously conveyed to the screw press mechanism 3. Next, the material enters the inside of the pressing cylinder 32. The spiral shaft 33 continuously rotates and pushes the material and continuously squeezes it. The oil extracted by the material under pressure is discharged through several oil outlets 321 on the side wall of the pressing cylinder 32, completing the oil pressing operation. During the operation, the residue cake is continuously pushed forward and presses against the back pressure plate 5, which drives the telescopic rod 44 and the extrusion plate 43 to slide along the mounting cavity 42 and compress the spring 45. The elastic force of the spring 45 is used to adaptively adjust the discharge gap between the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32, stabilizing the pressing back pressure inside the pressing chamber. After the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 form a compliant slag discharge gap, manually tighten the threaded nail 75 so that the end of the threaded nail 75 presses against the protrusion 72, causing the protrusion 72 to compress the spring 73 and retract into the settling trough 71, thus releasing the limit lock on the crushing tooth plate 62. After unlocking, the crushing tooth plate 62 pops out from the movable cavity 61 under the rebound action of the spring 65. At the same time, the servo motor 64 drives the crushing tooth plate 62 to rotate through the output shaft 641, using the teeth 63 to crush and remove the slag cake at the discharge end, completing the auxiliary discharge operation. During the extension and retraction of the crushing tooth plate 62, the vertical rod 623 always slides and engages in the movable groove 642 of the output shaft 641, ensuring that the transmission connection is always maintained during the extension and retraction of the crushing tooth plate 62, and the crushed cake can be rotated continuously and stably. During normal operation of the equipment, the limiting mechanism 7 can effectively isolate the bidirectional pressure formed by the pressure on the top of the slag cake and the elastic force of the spring 65, avoid the bidirectional pressure from interfering with the gap adjustment of the back pressure plate 5, ensure the stable formation of the slag discharge gap, and prevent material discharge jamming and blockage. When the equipment needs to be stopped for cleaning, when the equipment is stopped, the residue cake has not completely fallen off, and the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 are in the open state, the servo motor 82 drives the abutment block 83 to rotate, so that the abutment block 83 is perpendicular to the limiting groove 811 and abuts against the limiting block 81, using mechanical locking to lock the open position of the back pressure plate 5; after the residue cake has completely fallen off and there is no pushing force, the back pressure plate 5 and the pressing cylinder 32 can still maintain a fixed cleaning gap, and the staff can clean the sewage and residue inside the oil collection shell 31; after the cleaning operation is completed, the servo motor 82 drives the abutment block 83 to rotate and reset, so that the abutment block 83 is aligned with the limiting groove 811 and the limiting is released, the back pressure plate 5 is reset under the elastic force of the spring 45 and closes with the pressing cylinder 32, the equipment completes the whole machine reset, and waits for the next operation.

[0047] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.

Claims

1. An integrated crushing and pressing device for soybean oilseed pretreatment, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (1), a crushing mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the surface of the frame (1), a screw pressing mechanism (3) is connected to one side of the crushing mechanism (2), a back pressure plate (5) is provided at the end of the screw pressing mechanism (3), a back pressure adjusting mechanism (4) is provided on the side of the back pressure plate (5) away from the screw pressing mechanism (3), and the back pressure adjusting mechanism (4) is fixedly installed on the frame (1). An auxiliary discharge mechanism (6) is provided on the side of the back pressure plate (5) near the screw pressing mechanism (3). The auxiliary discharge mechanism (6) includes a crushing tooth plate (62). The crushing tooth plate (62) is rotatably mounted on the back pressure plate (5). The surface of the crushing tooth plate (62) is provided with a number of teeth (63). When the crushing tooth plate (62) rotates, the teeth (63) rotate with the crushing tooth plate (62) and can crush the residue cake and make it fall off.

2. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary discharge mechanism (6) also includes a movable cavity (61) opened on the back pressure plate (5). The crushing tooth plate (62) is slidably installed inside the movable cavity (61). A second spring (65) is provided inside the movable cavity (61). The two ends of the second spring (65) press on the crushing tooth plate (62) and the movable cavity (61) respectively. A servo motor (64) is provided on the side of the back pressure plate (5) away from the crushing tooth plate (62). An output shaft (641) is provided on the servo motor (64). The output shaft (641) passes through the back pressure plate (5) and is connected to the crushing tooth plate (62).

3. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The output shaft (641) is provided with a movable groove (642) at one end inside the crushing tooth plate (62), and the movable groove (642) extends along the length direction of the output shaft (641).

4. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing toothed plate (62) has an adapter groove (621) in the middle, and a groove (622) is provided on one side of the adapter groove (621). A vertical rod (623) is installed vertically on the inner wall of the groove (622), and the vertical rod (623) is slidably installed inside the movable groove (642).

5. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting mechanism (7) is provided between the back pressure plate (5) and the crushing tooth plate (62). The limiting mechanism (7) includes a groove (71) opened on the crushing tooth plate (62). A protrusion (72) is slidably installed inside the groove (71). A spring (73) is also provided inside the groove (71). The two ends of the spring (73) press on the groove (71) and the protrusion (72) respectively.

6. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism (7) also includes a through groove (74) opened on the back pressure plate (5), and a threaded pin (75) is rotatably installed inside the through groove (74).

7. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A gap adjustment mechanism (8) is provided between the spiral pressing mechanism (3) and the back pressure plate (5). The gap adjustment mechanism (8) includes a limiting block (81) fixed on the spiral pressing mechanism (3). A limiting groove (811) is provided on the limiting block (81). The spiral pressing mechanism (3) also includes a mounting plate (84) and a servo motor (82). The mounting plate (84) is fixedly mounted on the back pressure plate (5). The servo motor (82) is mounted on the mounting plate (84). The output end of the servo motor (82) passes through the inner wall of the mounting plate (84) and is fixedly connected to an abutment block (83). The abutment block (83) is engaged with the limiting groove (811).

8. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (2) includes a guide hopper (21), the opening of which is hinged with a cover plate (22), and the inside of the guide hopper (21) is provided with a crushing roller (23).

9. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral pressing mechanism (3) includes an oil collecting shell (31), and a pressing cylinder (32) is provided inside the oil collecting shell (31). Several oil outlets (321) are opened on one side surface of the pressing cylinder (32), and a spiral shaft (33) is rotatably installed inside the pressing cylinder (32).

10. The integrated crushing and pressing equipment for soybean oilseed pretreatment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The back pressure adjustment mechanism (4) includes a mounting component (41). The mounting component (41) has symmetrically arranged mounting cavities (42). A pressing plate (43) is slidably installed inside the mounting cavity (42). A telescopic rod (44) is fixedly connected to one end of the pressing plate (43). The end of the telescopic rod (44) away from the pressing plate (43) passes through the inner wall of the mounting component (41) and is fixedly connected to the back pressure plate (5). A spring (45) is also provided inside the mounting cavity (42). The two ends of the spring (45) press on the pressing plate (43) and the mounting cavity (42) respectively.

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