A flow-regulation-based cell electrolyte coating printing method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing and coating printing, in particular to a kind of electrolyte coating printing method of battery based on flow regulation, comprising: obtaining battery process, ink, nozzle, equipment parameter and printing path;Path is segmented, and data such as flow, pressure, speed and coating detection are associated with encoder position as reference;Based on target film thickness, line width, speed and path segment type, determine the target flow of each position;Real-time acquisition flow and pressure and calculate the rate of change, combined with flow deviation to determine normal, bubble, blockage, overpressure or ink breakage etc. state;State adjusts pump frequency, valve or speed, and handles exception;Subsequent target flow is corrected using the data deviation of printed coating, update cycle threshold is updated, and data is stored;To improve control stability, correction efficiency and subsequent task reuse ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery manufacturing and coating printing technology, specifically to a cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of electrolyte coating printing in battery cells, it is usually necessary to correlate the path position, output parameters and coating detection results in order to judge the printing status and make subsequent corrections. Existing methods mostly rely on decentralized collection and independent calculation. When various detection data arrive at different sampling periods, it is difficult to accurately correspond to the specific path position. When controlling the electrolyte coating printing process using the above methods, issues arise where flow rate, pressure, and film formation detection results are out of sync. This leads to deviations in the determination of path start / stop, cornering, deceleration, and stopping segments that exceed the process tolerance range, thus affecting the accuracy of anomaly identification and adjustment. Simultaneously, the detection results of printed areas cannot be applied to subsequent unprinted path positions in a timely manner, making it difficult to correct local thickness and linewidth deviations promptly. Furthermore, parameter updates, threshold adjustments, and historical data storage during the printing process are usually separate, making it difficult to form a continuous and consistent control loop. This results in control stability that is lower than the process requirements, correction efficiency that does not meet the control loop standard, and insufficient reusability for subsequent tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation, which solves the problem that various detection data in the existing printing process are difficult to accurately correspond to specific path positions, resulting in large deviations in state judgment and affecting the accuracy of anomaly identification. Furthermore, it can promptly apply the detection results of the printed area to the subsequent unprinted path positions to correct thickness and line width deviations, thereby forming a continuous and consistent control closed loop and improving the control stability and correction efficiency of the printing process.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The printing control system acquires battery cell process parameters including the battery cell model, printing path, ink batch parameters, nozzle parameters including nozzle numbers, and equipment operating parameters. Among these, the battery cell process parameters include the target wet film thickness and target linewidth, used to determine the target flow rate at each path position; the printing path is used for path segmentation and position association based on the path position; the ink batch parameters and nozzle numbers are used to acquire corresponding flow rate, pressure, and temperature reference values, and are used for the association and storage of printing process parameters and coating detection data; the equipment operating parameters are used to limit the adjustment range of pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed, as well as the threshold for determining the printing status. The motion control mechanism segments the printing path to obtain path segment types including start segment, corner segment, deceleration segment and stop segment; the motion encoder obtains the path position, and uses this as a reference to correlate the position of flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data including wet film thickness and line width; Based on the target wet film thickness, target line width, set path speed and path segment type, determine the target flow rate at each path location; The micro-flow meter and pressure sensor collect and detect the flow rate and pressure, calculate the flow rate and pressure change rate, and obtain the current pump drive frequency; based on the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate, the flow rate and pressure change rate, and the current pump drive frequency, the printing status is determined, including normal printing, air bubbles, nozzle blockage, overpressure, ink failure, and communication abnormality. Adjust the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening or set path speed according to the printing status; when an abnormal state is detected, reduce pressure when there is overpressure, back suction or clean when the nozzle is blocked, and pause when there is ink interruption or communication abnormality. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, or set path speed are used for printing. The detected flow rate and detected pressure collected by the micro-flow meter and the pressure sensor in the current printing cycle are used for threshold update or target flow rate correction in the next printing cycle. Based on the deviation of the wet film thickness and linewidth of the printed position coating inspection data relative to the target, the target flow rate of the unprinted path position is corrected, and the printing process parameters and coating inspection data are stored.

[0005] In some possible implementations, pre-filling is performed before printing, and the detection flow rate, detection pressure, and ink temperature are collected under different pump drive frequencies to establish reference values ​​for flow rate, pressure, and temperature corresponding to ink batch parameters and nozzle numbers. The pump drive frequency is steppedly adjusted, and the response delay time of the pump body and the feed pipeline is determined based on the time required for the detected flow rate to reach the allowable deviation range centered on the target flow rate.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the target flow rate is determined by the product of the target wet film thickness, target linewidth, set path speed, path segment compensation coefficient, temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, and film quality compensation coefficient. Among them, each compensation coefficient is a dimensionless coefficient, and the film formation quality compensation coefficient adopts a preset constant in the initial state; when the deviation between the detected path speed and the set path speed exceeds the set range, the detected path speed is used to correct the target flow rate.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the path position output by the motion encoder is used as the synchronization reference to synchronize the flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data at different sampling frequencies, and generate a dataset corresponding to each path position. When data from a micro-flow meter or pressure sensor is missing, exceeds the sensor's range, or cannot be associated with the path location, the corresponding dataset is marked as invalid, and the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed of the previous valid state are maintained; when the invalid state continues for more than the communication timeout threshold, it is determined to be a communication abnormality and printing is suspended.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the equipment operating parameters include flow tolerance (calculated from wet film thickness tolerance according to fluid volume relationship), fluctuation coverage coefficient, pressure sensor resolution, nozzle allowable pressure fluctuation and setting multiple; The flow deviation threshold is the larger of the product of the flow tolerance, the preset straight-line flow standard deviation, and the fluctuation coverage coefficient; the pressure deviation threshold is the larger of the product of the minimum pressure threshold determined based on the pressure sensor resolution and the allowable pressure fluctuation of the nozzle, the preset straight-line pressure standard deviation, and the set multiple.

[0009] In some possible implementations, when the absolute values ​​of the pressure drop rate and the flow rate rise rate are greater than or equal to the set pressure change rate threshold and flow change rate threshold, respectively, and return to the range centered on the target flow rate and limited by the flow deviation threshold within a preset time, it is determined to be a bubble; When the detection pressure continues to rise, the detection flow rate continues to be lower than the target flow rate, and the pump drive frequency reaches the upper limit set to maintain printing and continues to exceed the blockage judgment time, it is judged that the nozzle is blocked. Among them, the blockage determination time shall not be less than the larger value among the three sampling cycles and the response delay time of the microflow meter; when the detected pressure is greater than the overpressure threshold, it shall be determined as overpressure; When the detected flow rate is below the ink cut-off threshold, it is determined to be an ink cut-off; when no key data is received from the microflow meter or pressure sensor, it is determined to be a communication abnormality.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the advance compensation distance is determined based on the response delay time and the set path speed at the corresponding path location; Pre-filling is performed before the initial section reaches the printing area where the target coating needs to be formed. The pump drive frequency or pressure valve opening is reduced before the corner section or deceleration section is reached. Pressure is depressurized before the stop section is reached, and back suction is performed at the stop position to reduce the risk of material shortage at the initial position, material accumulation at the corner position, and material dripping at the stop position.

[0011] In some possible implementations, when there is no abnormal state, the pump drive frequency and pressure valve opening are first adjusted according to the path segment type and the set path speed, and then the set path speed is adjusted according to the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed are all limited according to the equipment's safety range, and the changes in each parameter between adjacent printing cycles are restricted.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the film quality compensation coefficient of the unprinted path position that has a same layer adjacent mapping relationship with the detected path position is updated based on the wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation of the detected path position relative to the target. The film quality compensation coefficient is corrected by multiplying the wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation by the corresponding preset weights, and the corrected film quality compensation coefficient is subject to upper and lower limit processing according to the equipment safety range. When the wet film thickness exceeds the set overthickness threshold, perform local reprinting; when ink breaks or voids are detected, perform area isolation; when coating breakage is detected, perform pause inspection.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the target flow rate, detection flow rate, pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, detection pressure, temperature, set path speed, printhead gap, wet film thickness, line width, printing status, and processing actions are associated and stored according to ink batch parameters, nozzle number, cell model, and path location. When the same deviation in the same direction at the same path location occurs repeatedly in multiple consecutive prints, and the statistical mean deviation of the coating detection data exceeds the set threshold, the current observation value and historical value are weighted using preset weights, and the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount or abnormal threshold are updated, and the update results are limited to the corresponding safe operating range of the equipment.

[0014] Using the above method, printing flow rate, feed pressure, ink temperature, movement speed, printhead gap and coating quality can be synchronously correlated based on the path position, so as to achieve target flow control and dynamic compensation for different path segments. By pre-filling, response delay compensation, corner deceleration compensation, stop depressurization and back suction control, the phenomena of material shortage in the initial section, material accumulation in the corner section and dripping in the stop section are reduced; By identifying and handling issues such as air bubbles, nozzle blockage, overpressure, ink failure, and communication anomalies, the stability, film formation consistency, and anomaly handling efficiency of battery cell electrolyte coating printing are improved.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses the path position output by the motion encoder as a synchronization reference to correlate the position of flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap, wet film thickness, and line width. It also combines path segmentation, target flow generation, printing status determination, anomaly handling, subsequent unprinted path correction, and the correlation storage and threshold update of process parameters and detection data to improve control stability, correction efficiency, and subsequent task reuse capability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 A method for printing electrolyte coating on battery cells based on flow regulation includes: a printing control system acquiring battery cell process parameters including the battery cell model, printing path, ink batch parameters, nozzle parameters including the nozzle number, and equipment operating parameters; The motion control mechanism segments the printing path to obtain path segment types including start segment, corner segment, deceleration segment and stop segment; the motion encoder obtains the path position, and uses this as a reference to correlate the position of flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data including wet film thickness and line width; Based on the target wet film thickness, target line width, set path speed and path segment type, determine the target flow rate at each path location; Micro-flow meters and pressure sensors collect and detect flow rate and pressure, calculate the rate of change of flow rate and pressure, and obtain the current pump drive frequency; The printing status is determined based on the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate, the rate of change of flow rate and pressure, and the current pump drive frequency. This includes normal printing, air bubbles, nozzle blockage, overpressure, ink failure, and communication abnormality. Adjust the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening or set path speed according to the printing status; when an abnormal state is detected, reduce pressure when there is overpressure, back suction or clean when the nozzle is blocked, and pause when there is ink interruption or communication abnormality. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, or set path speed are used for printing. The detected flow rate and detected pressure collected by the micro-flow meter and the pressure sensor in the current printing cycle are used for threshold update or target flow rate correction in the next printing cycle. Based on the wet film thickness and linewidth deviation of the printed position coating detection data relative to the target, the target flow rate of the unprinted path position is corrected, and the printing process parameters and coating detection data are stored. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the printing control system acquires the battery cell process parameters including the battery cell model, the printing path, the ink batch parameters, the nozzle parameters including the nozzle number, and the equipment operating parameters, the method further includes: pre-filling the ink before printing, collecting the detection flow rate, detection pressure, and ink temperature under different pump drive frequencies, and acquiring the flow rate, pressure, and temperature reference values ​​corresponding to the ink batch parameters and nozzle numbers. The pump drive frequency is stepped and the response delay time of the pump and the feed pipeline is determined based on the time required for the detected flow rate to reach the allowable deviation range centered on the target flow rate. The target traffic is determined by the following formula: ; in, For path location, For target traffic, For the target wet film thickness, For the target line width, To set the path speed, The path segment compensation coefficient, This is the temperature compensation coefficient. This is the nozzle gap compensation coefficient. This is the film formation quality compensation coefficient with an initial value of 1. All compensation coefficients are dimensionless coefficients. When the deviation between the detected path speed and the set path speed exceeds the set range, the detected path speed is used instead of the set path speed to correct the target flow.

[0019] When printing electrolyte coating on the surface of the battery cell electrode, the printing control system first calls the process parameters corresponding to the current battery cell model, and at the same time reads the printing path, current ink batch parameters, nozzle number and equipment operating parameters corresponding to the battery cell. Equipment operating parameters are mainly used to limit the allowable range of subsequent control, such as the pump drive range, pressure valve opening range, and judgment boundaries related to sensor accuracy; cell process parameters, including target wet film thickness and target linewidth, serve as inputs to determine the target flow rate at each path position; the printing path is used for path segmentation and position association based on the path position; ink batch parameters and nozzle numbers are used to establish corresponding flow rate, pressure, and temperature reference values, and serve as indexes for the associated storage of printing process parameters and coating detection data; the above parameters serve as inputs for the target flow rate determination, position association, printing status judgment, parameter adjustment, and associated storage steps, respectively, and work together to achieve closed-loop control of the printing process based on the path position as the synchronous reference; The above content is written into the parameter record of the current print job and flows into a circular process window in the order of the path position after printing starts. The records of completed positions are set to the historical state, and the records of incomplete positions are kept in the pending update state. If the newly arrived data is inconsistent with the current position, it is first kept in the matching area and then merged into the corresponding position after the synchronization benchmark is confirmed, thereby avoiding repeated reading of the original settings in each processing link. By unifying path information, discharge information, and film formation detection information to the same path location, subsequent adjustments can be organized accordingly; After receiving the printed path, the motion control mechanism divides the path into a starting segment, a turning segment, a deceleration segment, and a stopping segment according to the path geometry and speed plan. The path segmentation results are not stored separately, but are associated with the path locations, so that when any path location is accessed later, its path segment type can be directly obtained. The motion encoder continuously outputs the path position. The system uses this path position as a synchronization reference and associates the flow rate returned by the micro-flow meter, the detection pressure returned by the pressure sensor, the ink temperature returned by the temperature sensor, the set path speed in the motion controller, the gap value output by the printhead gap sensor, and the wet film thickness and line width obtained by online detection with the corresponding path position one by one. For micro-flow meters and pressure sensors located in the feeding path, when there is a transmission lag between the detection values ​​of micro-flow meters and pressure sensors and the film formation position at the nozzle outlet, the system first maps the corresponding detection values ​​back along the printing direction to an earlier path position according to the response delay time obtained in the pre-filling stage before participating in position association. If the response delay time is updated within the same control cycle, the updated backtracking mapping will only be applied to the path locations that have not yet been printed, and the stored historical location association results will not be rewritten. Based on the above mapping relationship, subsequent state determination does not rely on a simple time sequence, but compares the same path position to avoid judgment deviations caused by time misalignment when the path starts, stops, turns, or decelerates. Before the actual printing, the system first performs pre-filling; during the pre-filling stage, it does not enter the effective printing area, but instead collects the detection flow rate, detection pressure and ink temperature corresponding to different pump drive frequencies in the feeding path, thereby forming reference values ​​of flow rate, pressure and temperature corresponding to the current ink batch parameters and nozzle number; This reference value is bound to and saved for this task, and during task execution, it retains the most recent few valid samples in the form of a sliding window. Samples outside the window are removed in a first-in-first-out manner and do not participate in real-time control. The pump drive frequency is steppedly adjusted, and the system observes the number of cycles required for the flow rate to transition from the pre-step state to the allowable deviation range centered on the target flow rate, and determines the response delay time of the pump and the feed pipeline accordingly. The target flow rate is the set target flow rate after this step, and corresponds to the first target flow rate interval of the effective printing area to be entered next. If the next adjacent area is a non-printing moving area, the prefill setting value is still used as the comparison benchmark and the non-printing moving speed is not directly substituted into the target flow rate calculation. The number of cycles is converted into time values ​​according to the corresponding sampling cycle and written into the control parameter area of ​​the current path task for subsequent path segment feedforward correction calls; if there is a continuous flow interruption, abnormal pressure rise, or the detected flow rate cannot enter the allowable deviation range during the pre-filling period, the current pre-filling result will not be adopted, the system will remain in a paused state, and wait for the next initialization after defoaming, cleaning, or manual confirmation. Regarding the generation of target traffic, this implementation method adopts a calculation method corresponding to path location; for any location on the path... The target traffic at this path location The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, Target wet film thickness; Target line width; To set the path speed; This refers to the path segment compensation coefficient. This is the temperature compensation coefficient; This is the nozzle gap compensation coefficient; This is the film formation quality compensation coefficient; Of the above compensation parameters, except , Except for dimensionless coefficients, The dimension of is the reciprocal of temperature, which makes The overall coefficients are dimensionless; the target wet film thickness and target linewidth are in units of length, and the set path speed is in units of length divided by time. Therefore, the dimension of the target flow rate is volume divided by time. The path segment compensation coefficient is used to reflect the different requirements of the starting section, turning section, deceleration section, and stopping section for the discharge rate; the temperature compensation coefficient... According to the formula: ; in, This represents the measured ink temperature at the corresponding path location. For the preset reference temperature, The preset ink viscosity-temperature compensation constant; printhead gap compensation coefficient. According to the formula: ; in, This represents the measured nozzle gap at the corresponding path location. For the target standard gap, The initial value of the film quality compensation coefficient is the preset gap compensation constant; the film quality compensation coefficient is reserved for subsequent correction based on the detection results of the printed area. The initial value of the film quality compensation coefficient is the preset constant. During printing, if the deviation between the detected path speed and the set path speed exceeds the set range, the system will no longer continue to use the original set path speed, but will instead use the detected path speed. Adjust the target traffic for this location and subsequent related locations; Among them, the subsequent relevant locations are limited to the path locations within the same speed plan interval and that have not yet reached the next set speed update point, in order to avoid propagating the speed deviation of a single segment to unrelated path locations and reduce the target flow miscorrection caused by speed interval switching. During the printing cycle, the system continuously receives the flow rate detected by the micro-flow meter and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, calculates the flow rate change rate and pressure rate change rate between adjacent path locations, and reads the current pump drive frequency. The deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate, the rate of change of flow rate, the rate of change of pressure, and the current pump drive frequency are all fed into the status determination process; the determination results include normal printing, air bubbles, nozzle blockage, overpressure, ink failure, and communication abnormality; The judgment does not rely on a single pressure value or a single flow value in isolation, but compares the target demand at the current location with the detection results at the current location simultaneously to reduce the probability of misjudgment at path transition segments. When the judgment result is normal printing, the system continues to adjust the pump body drive frequency, pressure valve opening or set path speed based on the deviation of the current position, and sends the adjusted parameters directly to the pump body controller, pressure valve controller or motion controller. If an abnormal state is determined, different processing branches are initiated according to the abnormality category: if overpressure is determined, pressure reduction is performed; if nozzle blockage is determined, back suction or cleaning is performed. When an ink failure or communication anomaly is detected, the process is paused. The related processing actions do not overwrite the original process parameters, but are saved as execution records under the current task for subsequent traceability and threshold updates for the next printing cycle. Threshold updates are performed in a fixed order: first, data in the current cycle that are in normal printing status and whose detection flow and detection pressure are both valid are filtered; among them, the detection flow and detection pressure used for threshold updates or target flow correction in the next printing cycle are the detection flow and detection pressure collected by the micro-flow meter and pressure sensor and associated with the path position in the current printing cycle, rather than the data collected again after the adjustment parameters are issued; Then, select data belonging to a preset straight line segment from these valid data as statistical samples; if the number of statistical samples reaches a preset minimum number... and The value of is a constant between 50 and 200. Then, the average value of the absolute value of the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate and the average value of the absolute value of the deviation between the detected pressure and the current pressure reference are calculated respectively, and the average value is compared with the corresponding statistical base value in the original judgment parameter area. The new average value is used to replace the original statistical base value and the threshold for subsequent printing periods is recalculated only when the new average value falls within the allowable update interval for multiple consecutive printing periods. If the sample size is insufficient, there are abnormal conditions, or the comparison results exceed the allowable update interval, the original threshold remains unchanged. If a key detection value is missing in a certain cycle, the system will not directly increase the adjustment amount based on this, but will prioritize maintaining the control parameters of the previous effective cycle to avoid parameter changes that deviate from the safe range of the equipment when there is a lack of reliable data; if the missing state continues, the subsequent communication anomaly branch will take over. In terms of film formation correction, after online detection, the wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation relative to the target can be obtained in the printed area. The system associates these deviation information back to the corresponding printed path position, and then finds the unprinted path positions that have subsequent association with it, and corrects the target flow of these unprinted positions. Subsequent relationships are determined according to fixed rules: priority is given to finding unprinted positions with a path number greater than the currently printed position within the same battery cell, same coating layer, and same nozzle execution sequence; If there are multiple candidate positions, the subsequent position in the same continuous path segment as the currently printed position is selected first. If the same path segment has been completed, the position in the next continuous path segment that is closest to the predetermined printing direction is selected. If a candidate position has already entered the execution buffer and the remaining adjustable period is less than the preset minimum correction period, the candidate position will no longer accept this correction and will be postponed to the next unprinted position. During correction, the system first writes the wet film thickness deviation and line width deviation of the printed position into the printed position record, and then determines the unprinted positions to be corrected one by one according to the above rules, and performs a single overwrite update on the film quality compensation coefficient or the directly cached target flow value in the target flow generation parameters. The same unprinted position will only receive one correction from the most recently detected position within the same printing cycle. If multiple upstream detection results are received within the same cycle, the set of deviations with the closest path distance and the latest detection time will be used as the valid correction source for that position. Through the above processing, the detection results are directly applied to subsequent paths that have not yet been executed, avoiding the execution of invalid callbacks for completed paths; the corrected target traffic will overwrite the corresponding data originally cached in the queue of unexecuted paths, and the updated results will be read directly in the next printing cycle; At the same time, printing process parameters and coating detection data are stored together. When storing, at least ink batch parameters, nozzle number, cell model and path location are associated so that subsequent printing tasks can call historical records to update thresholds or correct target flow under the same material and nozzle conditions. For electrolyte coating paths on cell electrodes that include continuous straight segments and local corner segments, the above process can be described as follows: In the straight segments, the system maintains a relatively stable target flow rate based on the currently set path speed and target film thickness. Before the path enters a corner, because the path segment type has been written in advance to the corresponding path position, the target traffic is synchronously switched to the value after considering corner compensation at the corresponding position. If online detection finds that the wet film thickness of the previously printed area is lower than the target value, the deviation will not be corrected back to the completed area, but will be written into the film quality compensation coefficient corresponding to the subsequent unprinted path position, so that the target flow rate of the subsequent same layer path will be adjusted accordingly. The processing sequence is limited to a single electrolyte coating task of the same cell and does not involve switching to other process conditions.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position association step includes: using the path position output by the motion encoder as a synchronization reference, synchronizing the flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data at different sampling frequencies to generate a dataset corresponding to each path position. When the data from the micro-flow meter or pressure sensor is missing, exceeds the sensor's range, or cannot be associated with the path location, the corresponding dataset will be marked as invalid. The previously valid pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed will be maintained. If the invalid state continues for more than the communication timeout threshold, it will be judged as a communication abnormality and printing will be suspended. The equipment operating parameters include the flow tolerance, fluctuation coverage coefficient, pressure sensor resolution, nozzle allowable pressure fluctuation and setting multiple, which are calculated from the wet film thickness tolerance according to the fluid volume relationship; The flow deviation threshold is taken as the larger of the following two values: flow tolerance, and the product of the flow standard deviation of the preset straight line segment and the fluctuation coverage coefficient; The pressure deviation threshold is the larger of the following two values: the minimum pressure threshold determined based on the pressure sensor resolution and the allowable pressure fluctuation of the nozzle, and the set multiple of the pressure standard deviation of the preset straight line segment, with the set multiple ranging from 2 to 5. The steps for determining the printing status include: when the absolute values ​​of the pressure drop rate and the flow rate rise rate are greater than or equal to the set pressure change rate threshold and flow change rate threshold, respectively, and return to the range centered on the target flow rate and limited by the flow deviation threshold within a preset time, it is determined that there are air bubbles. When the detection pressure continues to rise, the detection flow rate continues to be lower than the target flow rate, and the pump drive frequency reaches the upper limit set to maintain printing, and continues to exceed the blockage judgment time, the nozzle is judged to be blocked; the blockage judgment time shall not be less than the larger value among the three sampling cycles of the microflow meter and the response delay time. When the detected pressure is greater than or equal to the overpressure threshold, it is determined to be overpressure; when the detected flow rate is less than or equal to the ink interruption threshold, it is determined to be ink interruption; when no key data is received from the microflow meter or pressure sensor, it is determined to be a communication abnormality. The advance compensation distance is determined by multiplying the response delay time by the set path speed at the corresponding path position; pre-filling is performed before the initial segment reaches the printing area where the target coating needs to be formed; the pump drive frequency or pressure valve opening is reduced before the corner segment or deceleration segment is reached; pressure is depressurized before the stop segment is reached; and back suction is performed at the stop position.

[0021] When the electrolyte coating path of the cell electrode contains continuous straight sections, local corner sections, and end stop sections, if the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and film formation detection data are processed only in the order of uniform sampling period, mismatches will occur at the path speed changes. Especially during deceleration at corners and depressurization before stopping, the sensor sampling frequency is different. Simply splicing data in chronological order will cause the flow rate, pressure value and path position in the same calculation cycle to no longer correspond, affecting the judgment of anomalies. Therefore, this implementation method further defines the data synchronization rules, threshold formation method and specific judgment and early compensation method for abnormal states based on the previous solution. By merging detection results from different sampling frequencies to the same path location, subsequent judgments are organized accordingly; After the motion encoder continuously outputs the path position, the system uses this path position as a synchronization reference to synchronize the flow data of the micro-flow meter, the pressure data of the pressure sensor, the temperature data, the set path speed, the nozzle gap, and the coating detection data to form a dataset corresponding to each path position. The dataset is stored in the process record area of ​​the current printing task and formed into an ordered window according to timestamp, path location number and data validity mark. The subsequent status determination module and control execution module extract data from this window according to the path location, instead of accessing the original data stream of each sensor separately. Through the above synchronization process, even if the arrival period of coating detection data is longer than the sampling period of flow data, it will only participate in the subsequent correction of that position when it can correspond to a certain path position. If there is no corresponding value yet, it remains in a pending state and does not directly participate in the current rapid adjustment; specifically, for continuous sampling data such as flow rate, pressure, temperature and nozzle gap, the system uses the data closest to the current path position and no later than the path position in time as the correlation value for that position; For coating detection data with sampling delay, such as wet film thickness and linewidth, the corresponding data is backfilled into the dataset corresponding to that path location after the corresponding path location is identified. When the micro-flow meter and pressure sensor are located upstream of the nozzle, the system first converts the detection time into the equivalent path position corresponding to the nozzle outlet based on the response delay time, and then performs the nearest matching according to the equivalent path position, so that the flow rate, pressure and film formation position are under the same spatial reference. If the backtracking distance corresponding to the response delay time is greater than the length of the currently completed path, the detection value is only mapped to the starting valid path position of this printing task and is no longer extended to before the task starting point; if there are multiple candidate data of the same type at the same path position within the allowed synchronization window, the data with the smallest distance from the path position is selected first, and the same path position is only mapped once for the same type of data; If the data exceeds the allowed synchronization window, it will not be included in the path position determination. The allowed synchronization window is calculated by combining the current set path speed and the sampling period, and is limited to no more than half of the distance between the sampling positions of two adjacent paths, so as to avoid the same detection value being repeatedly mapped to multiple path positions. When the current set path speed is zero or lower than the preset minimum calculation speed, the synchronization window is allowed to be converted according to the preset minimum calculation speed, and is still subject to the aforementioned half upper limit, so as to avoid the data that could be mapped cannot be completed due to the synchronization window shrinking to zero in the stop segment or extremely low speed segment. Furthermore, for each newly arrived path location, the system performs the following processing in a fixed order: first, read the path location number; then, retrieve candidate data that meets the synchronization window conditions from the flow buffer, pressure buffer, temperature buffer, gap buffer, and coating detection buffer, respectively. Perform a single-item matching for each type of candidate data. If there is a unique candidate value, write it directly into the path location dataset. If there are multiple candidate values, select the one with the smallest path distance. If there is no candidate value, mark the item as missing. When either flow rate or pressure is missing, the path location dataset is directly marked as invalid. When only temperature, nozzle gap, or coating detection data is missing, the corresponding field is left in a pending state without changing the validity of the dataset. Therefore, there is a clear entry point for determining whether the dataset is valid, and the subsequent status determination module can directly enter the normal determination or communication abnormal determination branch based on this flag. To facilitate direct implementation, all the above caches are stored in the following order: acquisition time, original detection value, range verification mark, and equivalent path location after mapping. The range verification mark is obtained by comparing the corresponding sensor output value with its upper and lower range limits. If it is within the range, it is considered valid; if it is outside the range, it is considered out of bounds; if it is missing, it is considered missing. Only the candidate values ​​that are considered valid will enter the nearest matching step. To ensure the availability of the dataset, the system also performs validity checks on each set of data corresponding to the path location; if the data from the microflow meter or pressure sensor is missing, exceeds the sensor's range, or cannot be associated with the current path location, the dataset corresponding to that path location is marked as invalid. After an invalid flag is generated, the control execution side does not recalculate the new drive quantity based on the dataset. Instead, it maintains the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening and set path speed that have been issued in the previous effective cycle to ensure that the printing process does not immediately produce a deviation exceeding the set tolerance threshold due to a single data mismatch. If the invalid state persists for a continuous period and exceeds the communication timeout threshold, the system will escalate it to a communication anomaly and suspend printing. When paused, the current path position and the previous valid control parameters are retained to facilitate the continued location of the corresponding path segment for recovery processing after the anomaly is resolved; if valid data that can be associated is subsequently received, the new dataset is continued to be written to the process record area, and a recovery flag is added while the original invalid flag is retained; The recovery marker only applies to the control and decision-making at the current and subsequent pending execution path positions, and does not reverse the historical control records that have been processed as invalid datasets; The communication timeout threshold is determined by the larger of the sampling period of the microflow meter and the sampling period of the pressure sensor, which is the duration of no less than 3 consecutive cycles, or by the communication monitoring duration pre-stored in the equipment operating parameters; when both values ​​exist, the larger one is taken to ensure that the pause is not triggered prematurely under normal sampling jitter. Furthermore, "cannot be associated with the current path position" means that the distance between the equivalent path position of the candidate data and the current path position is greater than the allowed synchronization window, or that the same candidate data has already completed a unique mapping to a closer path position and cannot be reused again; therefore, the triggering condition for invalidation is consistent with the location synchronization rules. Regarding threshold setting, this implementation combines the process tolerance and equipment measurement capability in the equipment operating parameters; the flow deviation threshold is not directly taken as a single empirical value, but rather the larger of two results: one part is the flow tolerance calculated based on the wet film thickness tolerance according to the fluid volume relationship, and the other part is the product of the flow standard deviation of the preset straight line segment and the fluctuation coverage coefficient. If only the thickness tolerance conversion value is used, the system will identify normal fluctuations as deviations when the baseline fluctuation of the micro-flowmeter exceeds the preset threshold; if only the flow rate standard deviation is used, the judgment boundary will be relaxed when the process tolerance is reduced. Therefore, taking the larger of the two values ​​can simultaneously take into account both film formation requirements and current equipment fluctuations; the pressure deviation threshold is also determined in a similar way, that is, taking the larger of the minimum pressure threshold obtained based on the pressure sensor resolution and the nozzle's allowable pressure fluctuations, and the pressure standard deviation of the preset straight line segment multiplied by a set multiple. The obtained flow deviation threshold and pressure deviation threshold will be written into the judgment parameter area of ​​this printing task for continuous use in status recognition; among them, the preset straight line segment is a continuous straight line area in the current printing path with a length not less than three times the pre-compensation distance and without including the starting segment, corner segment, deceleration segment and stop segment; When multiple candidate straight line regions exist, the region with the longest length is selected first as the threshold statistical base segment; the fluctuation coverage coefficient is set to 1.5 to 3.0, and the multiple is set to 2 to 5. In the same printing job, if the device operating parameter library has saved historical values ​​corresponding to the current ink batch parameters and nozzle number, the historical values ​​will be used first; otherwise, the device default values ​​will be used. When converting the flow rate tolerance from the wet film thickness tolerance, the conversion is performed using the target line width, the set path speed, and the volume change corresponding to the upper limit of the tolerance, so that the flow rate deviation threshold and the film formation allowable error are kept from the same constraint source. In practice, the system first takes the larger absolute value of the upper tolerance and lower tolerance of the target wet film thickness as the thickness tolerance base value, and then multiplies the thickness tolerance base value with the target line width and the set path speed at the corresponding position to obtain the flow tolerance in the sense of volumetric flow rate. If the target line width or set path speed within the same statistical base segment is a segmented variation value, then the length-weighted average value within that statistical base segment is used for conversion, so that the threshold is consistent with the working conditions of that statistical base segment. When determining a specific state, the system reads the dataset corresponding to the current path position and then combines it with the response delay time obtained in the pre-filling stage to make a judgment. For bubble identification, when the absolute values ​​of the pressure drop rate and the flow rate rise rate are greater than the set pressure change rate threshold and flow change rate threshold, respectively, and the detected flow rate can return to the range centered on the target flow rate and limited by the flow deviation threshold within a preset time, it is determined that bubbles exist. Here, the pressure drop rate refers to the negative change portion of the result obtained by dividing the detected pressure difference between adjacent effective path locations by the corresponding path advancement time, and its absolute value is used for comparison with the pressure change rate threshold. The flow rate increase rate refers to the positive change portion of the result obtained by dividing the difference in detected flow between adjacent effective path locations by the corresponding path advancement time. Its absolute value is used to compare with the flow rate change rate threshold, thereby avoiding the erroneous inclusion of pressure increase or flow decrease into the bubble criterion. The requirement to restore to the allowable range is to distinguish between short-term fluctuations and continuous feeding anomalies; the preset time can be converted into the corresponding continuous judgment duration according to the sampling period during execution; if pressure drop and flow rate increase occur simultaneously but do not recover subsequently, it will not be treated as a bubble, but will continue to enter the subsequent anomaly branch comparison prompt; The pressure change rate threshold and flow change rate threshold are determined primarily based on stable data from the pre-filling stage and the preset straight section: the average absolute value of the change rate of the aforementioned stable data is used as a benchmark, and then multiplied by an amplification amount of 1.5 to 3.0 respectively; when the stable data is insufficient to form statistical results, the default change rate threshold stored in the equipment operating parameters is called. Furthermore, to avoid division by zero or pseudo-high change rate due to extremely small denominators when the motion encoder repeatedly outputs the same path position in the stop segment, extremely low speed segment, or when the path advancement time corresponding to adjacent valid path positions is less than the preset minimum calculation time, or the path increment between adjacent valid path positions is less than the preset minimum position resolution, the system does not perform change rate division calculation on the pair of adjacent positions, but uses the most recent valid change rate and marks the current position as the change rate to be updated; The rate of change calculation is resumed only when a subsequent adjacent valid path position that simultaneously satisfies the minimum computation time and minimum location resolution conditions appears. The preset minimum calculation time is the larger of the sampling period of the microflow meter and the sampling period of the pressure sensor, or the larger of the time obtained by dividing the minimum position resolution by the current effective path speed. Furthermore, the status determination is performed in a fixed order: first, check whether the current path location dataset is valid; if invalid, proceed directly to the communication anomaly determination; if valid, first compare whether the detection pressure is greater than the overpressure threshold; if it is, directly determine it as overpressure. If the conditions are not met, then compare whether the detection flow rate is continuously lower than the ink interruption threshold and reaches the specified duration. If the conditions are met, it is determined to be an ink interruption. If the conditions are still not met, check whether there is a continuous increase in pressure, a continuous flow rate below the target flow rate, and the pump drive frequency reaching the set upper limit at the same time. Also check whether the duration of this state exceeds the blockage judgment time. If the conditions are met, the nozzle is judged to be blocked. If none of the above conditions are met, continue to check whether the pressure drop rate and flow rate increase rate both exceed the corresponding change rate thresholds, and whether they recover to the target flow rate within the preset time. If they are met, it is determined to be a bubble; otherwise, it is determined to be normal printing. This sequence clearly distinguishes the boundaries between overpressure, ink failure, blockage, and air bubbles, preventing the same set of data from falling into multiple abnormal categories simultaneously. Here, continuous rise, continuous fall, and continuous fall are all based on the judgment sequence formed by adjacent valid path positions: when the same criterion maintains the same direction in two or more consecutive valid path positions, it is recorded as continuous. If any position does not meet the directional condition, the continuous count is cleared and restarted. To identify nozzle blockage, the system observes whether the detection pressure continues to rise, whether the detection flow rate continues to be lower than the target flow rate, and whether the current pump drive frequency has reached the set upper limit for maintaining printing. Only when all three conditions are met simultaneously and the duration exceeds the blockage determination time is the nozzle determined to be blocked. The blockage determination time shall not be less than the larger of the three sampling cycles and the response delay time of the microflow meter; if only the pressure build-up or feeding lag occurs with a duration shorter than the blockage determination time, and the flow rate has not yet recovered, it does not indicate that the nozzle is blocked. Only when the pressure continues to rise and the flow rate remains low after a sufficient response period has been given, is it considered that there is a substantial blockage at the nozzle outlet. If the detected pressure is greater than the overpressure threshold, it is directly determined to be overpressure; if the detected flow rate is lower than the ink cut-off threshold, it is determined to be ink cut-off. If the critical data from the microflow meter or pressure sensor is not received, it is determined to be a communication anomaly. The critical data refers to the detection flow rate and detection pressure necessary for determining the current path location. If either is missing and cannot be effectively mapped by synchronous processing, the normal determination will not continue. The overpressure threshold is determined by the sum of the nozzle's allowable pressure fluctuation limit and the current preset average pressure of the straight section, and shall not exceed the nozzle's safe pressure limit in the equipment's operating parameters. The ink failure threshold is determined according to a certain proportion of the target flow rate, with the proportion ranging from 0.05 to 0.20. When the detected flow rate is continuously lower than this threshold and reaches at least 2 micro-flow meter sampling cycles, it is judged as ink failure, in order to avoid false judgments triggered by noise at a single sampling point. The upper limit for maintaining printing is the upper limit value of the pump drive frequency read from the device operating parameters before the start of this task; if the device supports setting the drive upper limit separately according to the nozzle number, the upper limit value corresponding to the current nozzle number is called; otherwise, the upper limit value shared by the device is called. Regarding path-related compensation, although the previous-level solution has already organized the target flow using path segment types, in the starting segment, turning segment, deceleration segment, and stopping segment, if the response lag of the feeding system itself is not considered, the setting change in the path position may still be later than the change in the output. This implementation therefore further introduces an advance compensation distance; the system determines the advance compensation distance based on the product of the response delay time and the set path speed at the corresponding path position, and writes this distance back into the execution parameters of the corresponding path segment; Here, the set path speed in the product is taken as the valid set path speed in the control interval before the event to be compensated. If there is a detection path speed that has been replaced and taken effect in the interval, the detection path speed is used to calculate the advance compensation distance to ensure that the distance conversion is consistent with the path advancement speed. For the initial stage, the system pre-fills the material before reaching the printing area where the target coating needs to be formed, so that the nozzle outlet has already established a material discharge state that matches the target flow rate when effective printing begins. For corner sections or deceleration sections, the system reduces the pump drive frequency or pressure valve opening by advance compensation distance before reaching the path section, so that the output decreases synchronously when entering the corner or deceleration zone. For the stopping section, the system depressurizes before reaching the stopping position and performs back suction at the stopping position to reduce residual material discharge after stopping; the triggering basis of the above actions is all from the comparison result of the path position and the advance compensation distance, so it does not depend on a fixed time, but always corresponds to the spatial advancement process of the current printing path; To avoid the advance compensation distance exceeding the available path length, if the advance compensation distance calculated based on the currently set path speed is greater than the remaining length of the corresponding path segment during execution, the remaining length will be used as the execution distance. If there is not enough non-printing movement distance before the starting section, the prefill material will be allocated to the standby area before the starting section and the initial non-critical area of ​​the starting section to be completed continuously. Furthermore, the execution module triggers advance compensation according to the following rules: when the remaining path distance from the current position to the starting point of the target path event is greater than the advance compensation distance, the current control parameters are maintained; when the remaining path distance is less than or equal to the advance compensation distance and the target event is a corner segment or a deceleration segment, the pump drive frequency or pressure valve opening is adjusted downward according to the segment type compensation table. When the target event is a stop segment, the pressure relief command is executed first after the remaining path distance enters the advance compensation distance, and the suction command is executed after reaching the stop position; When the target event is the initial segment entering the effective printing area, pre-filling is started before the printhead enters the effective printing area and the remaining path distance is less than or equal to the advance compensation distance corresponding to the initial pre-filling. Therefore, the advance compensation distance not only provides the calculation basis, but also gives clear triggering conditions and action sequence; in order to facilitate direct calling, the segment type compensation table stores at least four items for each path segment type: corresponding segment type number, default action category, action start ratio, and maximum adjustment step size per cycle; Among them, the default action category of the corner section and the deceleration section is one or both of the following linkage methods: reducing the pump body drive frequency or reducing the pressure valve opening; the default action category of the stop section is depressurization and back suction at the stop position; and the default action category of the start section is pre-filling. During execution, the unique corresponding record is first retrieved by segment type number, and then the starting position is obtained by multiplying the action start ratio by the advance compensation distance. The target compensation amount is approached cycle by cycle with the maximum adjustment step size in a single cycle, thereby avoiding a step that exceeds the limit rate of change in the first cycle of entering the compensation zone. For a closed contour coating path on the same cell electrode sheet, the above method can be expressed as follows: after the system establishes stable material output in the straight section, as the path position advances, the control parameters corresponding to the advance compensation distance have been written into the subsequent corner section; when the nozzle has not yet reached the corner, the pump drive frequency or pressure valve opening has been reduced in advance according to the distance. If a short-term drop in pressure and a momentary increase in flow rate are detected at this time, and the flow rate recovers within the allowable range, the system will record this segment as a bubble interference location and continue printing; If the detection pressure continues to rise, the flow rate continues to be low, and the drive frequency has reached its upper limit, then the nozzle blockage process will be initiated, and effective printing will no longer proceed. The entire process is always limited to the single working condition of battery electrolyte coating.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steps of adjusting the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, or set path speed include: when there is no abnormal state, first adjusting the pump drive frequency and pressure valve opening according to the path segment type and set path speed, and then adjusting the set path speed according to the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed are each limited based on the equipment's safety range, and the changes in pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed between adjacent printing cycles are restricted. The steps to correct target traffic that has not yet printed path locations include: based on the detected path locations. The wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation relative to the target are used to update the detected path position. Unprinted path locations with adjacent mapping relationships at the same level Film quality compensation coefficient: ; in, Location of the detected path The relative deviation of the wet film thickness relative to the target. Location of the detected path The relative deviation of the line width relative to the target. and The weighting coefficients are preset; and the calculated film quality compensation coefficients are subject to upper and lower limit processing based on the equipment safety range. When the wet film thickness in the coating inspection data is greater than or equal to the set overthickness threshold, local reprinting is performed; when ink breaks or voids are detected, area isolation is performed; when coating breakage is detected, inspection is paused. The steps for storing printing process parameters and coating detection data include: according to ink batch parameters, nozzle number, cell model and path position, storing the target flow rate, detection flow rate, pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, detection pressure, temperature, set path speed, printhead gap, wet film thickness, line width, printing status and processing actions in association; When the same deviation in the same direction at the same path location occurs repeatedly in multiple consecutive prints and the statistical mean of the coating inspection data deviates beyond the set threshold, the current observation value and the historical value are weighted and summed using preset weights. Then, the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount, or abnormal threshold are updated, and the update results are limited to the corresponding safe operating range of the equipment.

[0023] For continuous electrolyte coating printing of the same type of battery cell, if the pump drive is directly increased or decreased based on the current flow deviation without distinguishing between path segment feedforward adjustment and subsequent speed correction, repeated adjustments will occur before and after turning, deceleration, and stopping. If the online thickness and line width detection results are only used as final inspection records and no longer applied to subsequent unprinted paths, then the insufficient thickness or excessive width that has already appeared in adjacent areas of the same layer will continue to accumulate in subsequent paths; therefore, this implementation further defines the adjustment sequence under normal conditions, the quality compensation method for subsequent paths, and the associated storage and parameter update method after printing is completed. When no abnormal conditions are found, the control quantities are adjusted in the following order: After the system determines that there are no abnormal conditions at the current path position, it first adjusts the pump drive frequency and pressure valve opening according to the path segment type and set path speed of that position; that is, the material supply adjustment of the starting section, corner section, deceleration section and stop section is executed according to the path event first, so that the material output change is consistent with the path movement change; after completing this step, the system then adjusts the set path speed according to the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate; If the path speed is changed first, and then the pump drive frequency and valve opening are corrected, the output and path advance at the same path position will change simultaneously, which will cause interference in the judgment of the source of deviation. By prioritizing the feeding corrections corresponding to the path segment type and the set path speed, and only correcting the set path speed based on the flow deviation, the feeding system adjustment and the motion system adjustment can be handled separately. During actual execution, the pump drive frequency and pressure valve opening adjustment corresponding to the path segment type are based on the segment type compensation table pre-stored in the current task parameter area. The compensation table at least gives the drive correction amount or valve opening correction amount corresponding to the starting segment, turning segment, deceleration segment and stopping segment. When the same location simultaneously meets the conditions for path segment compensation and flow deviation correction, path segment compensation is performed first, followed by speed correction based on flow deviation. The segment type compensation table here is established according to six fields: segment type number, lower limit of speed range, upper limit of speed range, pump body drive frequency correction amount, pressure valve opening correction amount, and priority execution object. For each segment type, multiple records can be pre-stored according to different set path speed ranges. During execution, the same type of records are first filtered out by the segment type number of the current path position, and then the unique record is determined by the speed range that the current set path speed falls into. If there are boundary values ​​that are hit at the same time, the record whose upper limit is closer to the current set path speed is taken first. The priority execution object is used to indicate that the record prioritizes adjusting the pump body drive frequency, prioritizes adjusting the pressure valve opening, or simultaneously adjusts both proportionally. Therefore, the compensation table not only provides the compensation object, but also the calling conditions and the output content of a single record, avoiding the selection of compensation amount based solely on experience; the adjustment of the set path speed adopts a tiered approach: when the absolute value of the deviation between the detected flow and the target flow is not greater than the flow deviation threshold, the current set path speed remains unchanged; When the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the flow deviation threshold but not more than twice it, the set path speed is adjusted by the preset minimum step size; when the absolute value of the deviation is more than twice it, the set path speed is adjusted by twice the minimum step size. The minimum step size is 0.5% to 2% of the current set path speed; when the detected flow rate is higher than the target flow rate, the system maintains the target flow rate set in the current cycle. Provided the baseline is not refreshed in reverse, the movement speed of the current execution stage is temporarily increased; when the detected flow rate is lower than the target flow rate, the movement speed is temporarily reduced, thereby adjusting the output amount per unit path length toward the target value, and this temporary speed correction value is strictly prohibited from being substituted into the target flow rate closed-loop equation of subsequent paths; If the set path speed has reached the upper or lower limit of the device's safe range, stop adjusting in that direction and retain the remaining flow deviation for the next printing cycle to judge. After completing the above adjustments, the system does not directly send out all the calculation results. Instead, it first limits the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening and set path speed based on the equipment safety range. The results after amplitude limiting continue to be limited by the change amount of adjacent printing cycles to avoid sudden changes in the control quantity due to fluctuations in the detection value within a certain cycle; the change amount limit acts on the difference between adjacent cycles, rather than on the cumulative value throughout the entire process, so it can both allow the control quantity to change gradually as the path progresses and suppress abrupt changes within a single cycle; If the target flow rate requirement cannot be met after limiting the flow rate, the system will retain the deviation and continue to make a judgment in subsequent cycles, instead of exceeding the equipment's safety range in the current cycle. Among them, the single-cycle variation of the pump body drive frequency is limited to 1% to 5% of the current allowable drive range, the single-cycle variation of the pressure valve opening is limited to 1% to 5% of the full opening range, and the single-cycle variation of the set path speed is limited to 0.5% to 3% of the current set path speed; The above-mentioned limit values ​​shall be based on the pre-stored values ​​in the equipment operating parameters. If no pre-stored values ​​are available, the median value of each range shall be used as the default value. Furthermore, when both the pump drive frequency and the pressure valve opening are adjustable within the same cycle, first compare the proportions of their remaining adjustable amounts relative to their respective safe ranges, and prioritize adjusting the control quantity with the larger proportion of remaining adjustable amounts. If the remaining adjustable amounts of the two are the same, the priority execution object in the aforementioned segment type compensation table shall be determined. If they still cannot be distinguished, the pump drive frequency shall be adjusted first and then the pressure valve opening shall be adjusted. After this processing, there is a clear conflict resolution order among multiple adjustable objects in the same cycle. Regarding quality compensation, this implementation only corrects the path positions that have not yet been printed; the system first corrects the path positions that have already been detected. Read the wet film thickness deviation relative to the target. Line width deviation Then, based on the unprinted path positions that have an adjacent mapping relationship at the same level, Update the film quality compensation coefficients at these subsequent locations: ; in, and These are preset weighting coefficients used to characterize the degree of influence of wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation on subsequent target flow correction; The calculated film quality compensation coefficient also needs to be limited to the upper and lower limits based on the equipment's safety range. The result after limitation is written back into the target flow generation parameters of the unprinted path position and participates in the target flow calculation when the subsequent path is executed. Based on the above processing, the detection results of the printed area only change the material supply requirements of the subsequent path and do not repeat the calculation of the completed area. The wet film thickness deviation and line width deviation are expressed as relative deviations relative to their respective target values, that is, by dividing the difference between the measured wet film thickness and the target wet film thickness by the target wet film thickness, and by dividing the difference between the measured line width and the target line width by the target line width, respectively. When the corresponding target value is zero or less than the minimum effective target value allowed by the device, the path location will not be subject to the above-mentioned proportional correction, but will be marked as an ineffective coating location; and A positive value indicates that the measured value is higher than the target value, and a negative value indicates that the measured value is lower than the target value; and All coefficients are dimensionless coefficients between 0 and 1, and the sum of the two is not greater than 1; In this embodiment, the initial preset constant of the film formation quality compensation coefficient is set to 1, so that when the wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation are both zero, the updated film formation quality compensation coefficient is consistent with its initial value. For adjacent mapping relationships on the same layer, the unprinted path position that is in the same coating layer as the detected path position and is closest to the subsequent printing direction is selected first. When there are multiple candidate positions, the same correction result is assigned in order of path distance from near to far until the preset mapping length limit is reached. The film formation quality compensation coefficient is limited to a range of 0.85 to 1.15 to avoid the subsequent target flow rate being excessively amplified or reduced by a single detection result; and Prioritize selection based on the current coating process focus: when the thickness tolerance occupancy rate is higher than the line tolerance occupancy rate, take... Greater than When the line tolerance occupancy rate is higher than the thickness tolerance occupancy rate, take... Greater than When the tolerance occupancy rates of the two are equivalent, they are taken as equal. The tolerance occupancy rate is obtained by dividing the absolute value of the corresponding deviation by the respective tolerance limit, so that the weight selection can directly correspond to the current dominant defect type and avoid introducing non-quantitative implicit judgment rules. If the wet film thickness is detected to be greater than the set overthickness threshold at a certain path location, then that location will no longer rely solely on proportional compensation, but will instead undergo local reprinting. Local reprinting is not a direct overlay printing on the ultra-thick coating. Instead, it first stops the subsequent overlaying of the defective area and records the physical coordinate boundaries of the start and end points of the ultra-thick area. Then, it calls an external cleaning mechanism to drive to the coordinate boundary and performs vacuum suction or mechanical scraping at a preset constant negative pressure value. After cleaning, the wet film thickness of the area is re-inspected. Electrolyte coating is only performed again according to the printing path corresponding to the area if the test result is lower than the allowable lower limit of the target wet film thickness and there is no coating breakage or irreversible damage on the substrate surface. If the wet film thickness is still higher than the allowable limit after cleaning, or if the cleaning process makes the area no longer meet the reprinting conditions, then the area will be transferred to area isolation or suspended inspection, and direct reprinting will not be performed; thus, local reprinting is used to restore the local undercoated areas formed after cleaning, and to avoid increasing the output on the original ultra-thick coating. If ink breaks or voids are detected, area isolation is performed; if coating cracks are detected, a pause inspection operation is performed; the above processing results are also written to the current task record for data archiving and subsequent parameter adjustment after printing is completed; the overthickness threshold is determined according to the sum of the target wet film thickness and its thickness tolerance upper limit; A break in ink or a void is determined when the wet film thickness in the detection area is less than 20% of the target wet film thickness and the continuous length reaches the minimum recognition length; a coating break is determined when the line width detection result drops to less than 30% of the target line width in the continuous path range and forms a non-intermittent gap. When multiple quality anomaly conditions are met simultaneously in the same area, the processing actions are determined in the order of ink breakage or voids, coating cracks, and excessive thickness. Areas that have already entered area isolation or suspended inspection will not be subject to additional local reprinting to avoid the same defective area being given conflicting processing results repeatedly. The minimum identification length is determined to be 1 to 3 times the current nozzle exit equivalent width. If the online detection resolution is insufficient to directly judge based on length continuity, then the equivalent continuous length criterion is to use the simultaneous satisfaction of defect conditions at the sampling positions of multiple consecutive adjacent paths. For associated storage, this implementation organizes the printing process data of each battery cell according to ink batch parameters, nozzle number, battery cell model and path location; Target flow rate, detected flow rate, pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, detected pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap, wet film thickness, line width, printing status, and processing actions are all stored in conjunction with the above index conditions. The records established in this way can be used to trace a single printing process, or to compare the results of multiple print runs under the same ink batch and nozzle conditions; When storing data, it is not required that all fields have been obtained in every cycle. For example, if the online detection has not yet returned the wet film thickness or line width, the corresponding fields can remain in a pending state and be filled back into the same record after the detection results of the corresponding path location arrive, instead of splitting the independent records separately. Regarding the utilization of multiple printing results, the system does not update the compensation parameters as soon as a deviation occurs; only when the same deviation in the same direction at the same path position occurs repeatedly in multiple consecutive printings, and the statistical mean deviation of the coating detection data exceeds the set threshold, will the current observation value and historical value be weighted and summed using preset weights, and the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount, or abnormal threshold be updated. The current observation value is not a direct addition of wet film thickness, linewidth, or detection pressure to the parameter to be updated with different dimensions. Instead, it refers to the candidate parameter value formed based on the current continuous multiple printing records, which has the same physical meaning and dimensions as the parameter to be updated. Historical values ​​are the original values ​​of the same parameters in the parameter library that match the current ink batch parameters, nozzle number, cell model, and corresponding path segment type; The system first determines the type of deviation, and then generates only one candidate value for a parameter corresponding to that type of deviation, without using the same set of thickness deviations or line width deviations for all parameter updates at the same time. The candidate parameter values ​​are determined according to the pre-stored parameter correction table; the parameter correction table sets the deviation direction, deviation range and corresponding parameter adjustment step size for the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount and abnormal threshold respectively; The system uses the mean deviation of wet film thickness and mean deviation of line width in multiple consecutive prints, as well as the corresponding temperature, nozzle gap and path segment type, as search conditions to select a unique corresponding adjustment step size, and adds the adjustment step size to the historical value to obtain the current observation value; For dimensionless temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, and rotation angle compensation, the adjustment step size is 0.5% to 2% of the full allowable range of the corresponding parameter; for pre-filling time, the adjustment step size is 5% to 20% of the response delay time. For the backflow amount, the adjustment step size is 2% to 10% of the current backflow amount; the adjustment direction is determined according to the physical relationship of the deviation: when the starting position is continuously under-thick, increase the pre-filling time; when the starting position is continuously over-thick, decrease the pre-filling time; when the end of the stop section is continuously piled up, increase the backflow amount; when the end of the stop section is continuously under-thick, decrease the backflow amount. When the corner section is continuously too thick, reduce the corner compensation amount; when the corner section is continuously too thin, increase the corner compensation amount. The adjustment direction of the temperature compensation coefficient and the nozzle gap compensation coefficient is determined according to the stable correspondence between the change direction of the corresponding variable and the film formation deviation direction in the historical record. Only when this correspondence remains consistent in multiple consecutive prints will parameter candidate values ​​be generated. To facilitate direct implementation, the parameter correction table is established with seven fields: parameter type to be updated, applicable path segment type, deviation direction, lower limit of deviation amplitude, upper limit of deviation amplitude, adjustment step size, and adjustment direction. When performing a search, first filter by the type of parameter to be updated, then match by the type of applicable path segment, and determine a unique record by the deviation direction and deviation range. If the same observation value falls on the boundary of an adjacent interval at the same time, then take the record whose upper limit of the deviation range is closer to the current observation value. Therefore, the input conditions, output content, and conflict resolution methods of the parameter correction table are all limited, and those skilled in the art can establish the table structure and complete the call accordingly. For the current observation value of the abnormal threshold, only the data with normal printing status, valid detection flow and detection pressure, and coating detection results within the allowable range are selected as samples; When it is necessary to update the traffic anomaly threshold, the upper bound of the absolute value of the deviation of the detected traffic from the target traffic in the sample is used as the candidate base value. When it is necessary to update the pressure-related anomaly threshold, the upper limit of the absolute value of the deviation of the detected pressure in the sample from the pressure benchmark is used as the candidate base value, and then multiplied by the existing fluctuation coverage coefficient or a set multiple in the equipment operating parameters to form the current observation value with the same dimensions as the original anomaly threshold. If the number of valid samples does not reach the preset minimum number, or if the current observation value would cause the anomaly threshold to be lower than the minimum threshold limited by the equipment resolution or higher than the equipment safety threshold, then this round of update will not be performed. Before the update result is written back to the corresponding parameter library, it must also be limited to the safe operating range of the equipment. Since a single anomaly is caused by temporary fluctuations, immediately overwriting the original parameters will cause subsequent printing to lose a stable baseline. Only when there are continuous deviations in the same direction and accompanied by a shift in the statistical mean does it indicate that the current ink batch, nozzle status, or device response characteristics have changed steadily, and it is necessary to correct the parameters of subsequent printing tasks. For continuous printing, 3 to 10 consecutive printing jobs are preferred; the statistical mean deviation exceeding the set threshold means that the absolute value of the deviation of the average wet film thickness or average line width of the corresponding path position in the continuous printing job from the target value exceeds 50% to 100% of their respective tolerance limits. In the preset weights, the weight of the current observation is 0.4 to 0.7, the weight of the historical value is 0.3 to 0.6, and the sum of the two is 1; as the number of consecutive prints increases, the weight of the historical value can be gradually increased to suppress the impact of a single fluctuation on the parameter library; Furthermore, the update does not rewrite all parameters at the same time, but selects the corresponding parameters in sequence according to the path location and type of deviation: when the deviation at the same path location mainly changes in the same direction with the ink temperature, and the printhead gap record remains within the allowable fluctuation range, the temperature compensation coefficient is updated first. When the deviation mainly changes in the same direction as the printhead gap and the ink temperature remains near the reference temperature, the printhead gap compensation coefficient should be updated first; when the deviation is concentrated in the first segment after the initial segment enters the effective printing area, the pre-filling time should be updated first. When the out-of-tolerance values ​​are concentrated at the end of the stop section and manifest as tail-end accumulation or residual discharge after stopping, the back suction amount should be updated first; when the out-of-tolerance values ​​are concentrated in the corner section and the statistical results in the straight section are normal, the corner compensation amount should be updated first; when the film formation results are normal but the state judgment still repeatedly triggers the same abnormal category, the abnormal threshold should be updated first. If the same batch of historical records meets multiple update conditions at the same time, the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount, and abnormal threshold are checked one by one in that order. If the previous condition is met, the update is completed first, and then the correction effect is observed in the next printing task. If the update conditions are no longer met, the subsequent parameter rewriting is not performed. The weighted summation is performed as follows: first, read the current observation value and the historical value in the parameter library that have the same scale as the parameter to be updated, then calculate the update candidate value according to their respective preset weights, limit the update candidate value within a safe range, and write it back to the parameter library; If the dataset corresponding to the current observation contains invalid markers, region isolation markers, or pause check markers, then the observation will not participate in this round of parameter updates; The calculation of updated candidate values ​​according to their respective preset weights means that the weight of the current observation value and the weight of the historical value are multiplied once and then summed. Only one updated candidate value is output in the same round of updates, and multiple candidate values ​​are not fused again. In the continuous multi-layer coating process of the battery cell electrode sheet, the above method can be expressed as follows: after the system detects a local lack of thickness in the previous path, it does not directly adjust the material output of the completed area in reverse. Instead, according to the mapping relationship between adjacent layers, it converts the lack of thickness information into the film quality compensation coefficient of the subsequent path position and considers it together when calculating the target flow rate. If an area is already too thick, first remove the excess coating in that area according to the boundary of the excessive thickness, and only perform local reprinting if the retest results show that the area is ready for recoating. After printing is completed, all control quantities, detection values ​​and processing actions related to the path position are merged into the same task record for subsequent printing of the same type of battery cell; the entire process revolves around the battery cell electrolyte coating printing and does not introduce other manufacturing conditions.

Claims

1. A cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation, characterized in that, include: The printing control system acquires battery cell process parameters including the battery cell model, printing path, ink batch parameters, nozzle parameters including nozzle numbers, and equipment operating parameters. Among these, the battery cell process parameters include the target wet film thickness and target linewidth, used to determine the target flow rate at each path position; the printing path is used for path segmentation and position association based on the path position; the ink batch parameters and nozzle numbers are used to acquire corresponding flow rate, pressure, and temperature reference values, and are used for the association and storage of printing process parameters and coating detection data; the equipment operating parameters are used to limit the adjustment range of pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed, as well as the threshold for determining the printing status. The motion control mechanism segments the printing path to obtain path segment types including start segment, corner segment, deceleration segment and stop segment; the motion encoder obtains the path position, and uses this as a reference to correlate the position of flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data including wet film thickness and line width; Based on the target wet film thickness, target line width, set path speed and path segment type, determine the target flow rate at each path location; Micro-flow meters and pressure sensors collect and detect flow rate and pressure, calculate the rate of change of flow rate and pressure, and obtain the current pump drive frequency; The printing status is determined based on the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate, the flow rate and pressure change rate, and the current pump drive frequency. This includes normal printing, air bubbles, nozzle blockage, overpressure, ink failure, and communication abnormality. Adjust the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening or set path speed according to the printing status; when an abnormal state is detected, reduce pressure when there is overpressure, back suction or clean when the nozzle is blocked, and pause when there is ink interruption or communication abnormality. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, or set path speed are used for printing. The detected flow rate and detected pressure collected by the micro-flow meter and the pressure sensor in the current printing cycle are used for threshold update or target flow rate correction in the next printing cycle. Based on the deviation of the wet film thickness and linewidth of the printed position coating inspection data relative to the target, the target flow rate of the unprinted path position is corrected, and the printing process parameters and coating inspection data are stored.

2. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the printing control system acquires the cell process parameters including the cell model, printing path, ink batch parameters, nozzle parameters including the nozzle number, and equipment operating parameters, the system further includes: pre-filling the ink before printing, collecting the detection flow rate, detection pressure, and ink temperature at different pump drive frequencies, and acquiring reference values ​​for the flow rate, pressure, and temperature corresponding to the ink batch parameters and the nozzle number. The pump drive frequency is stepped adjusted, and the response delay time of the pump body and the feed pipeline is determined based on the time required for the detected flow rate to reach the allowable deviation range centered on the target flow rate.

3. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target flow rate is determined according to the following formula: ； in, The path location, For the target traffic, The target wet film thickness, The target line width, For the set path speed, The path segment compensation coefficient, This is the temperature compensation coefficient. This is the nozzle gap compensation coefficient. The film formation quality compensation coefficient is initially set to 1, and all the compensation coefficients are dimensionless coefficients. When the deviation between the detected path speed and the set path speed exceeds a set range, the detected path speed is used instead of the set path speed to correct the target flow.

4. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The location association steps include: Using the path position output by the motion encoder as a synchronization reference, the flow rate, pressure, temperature, set path speed, nozzle gap and coating detection data at different sampling frequencies are synchronized to generate a dataset corresponding to each path position. When data from the micro-flow meter or pressure sensor is missing, exceeds the sensor's range, or cannot be associated with the path location, the corresponding dataset is marked as invalid. The previously valid pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed are maintained. If the invalid state continues for more than the communication timeout threshold, it is determined to be a communication anomaly and printing is suspended.

5. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment operating parameters include flow tolerance, fluctuation coverage coefficient, pressure sensor resolution, nozzle allowable pressure fluctuation and setting multiple, which are calculated from the wet film thickness tolerance according to the fluid volume relationship; The flow deviation threshold is taken as the larger of the following two values: the flow tolerance, and the product of the flow standard deviation of the preset straight line segment and the fluctuation coverage coefficient; The pressure deviation threshold is the larger of the following two values: the minimum pressure threshold determined based on the pressure sensor resolution and the allowable pressure fluctuation of the nozzle, and the set multiple of the pressure standard deviation of the preset straight line segment, wherein the set multiple is between 2 and 5.

6. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for determining the printing status include: When the absolute values ​​of the pressure drop rate and the flow rate rise rate are greater than or equal to the set pressure change rate threshold and flow change rate threshold, respectively, and return to the range centered on the target flow rate and limited by the flow deviation threshold within a preset time, it is determined that the bubble exists. When the detection pressure continues to rise, the detection flow rate continues to be lower than the target flow rate, and the pump drive frequency reaches the set upper limit for maintaining printing, and continues to exceed the blockage determination time, the nozzle is determined to be blocked; the blockage determination time is not less than the larger value among the three sampling cycles of the microflow meter and the response delay time; When the detected pressure is greater than or equal to the overpressure threshold, it is determined to be overpressure; when the detected flow rate is less than or equal to the ink interruption threshold, it is determined to be ink interruption; when no key data is received from the microflow meter or pressure sensor, it is determined to be communication abnormality.

7. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The advance compensation distance is determined by multiplying the response delay time by the set path speed at the corresponding path position. Pre-filling is performed before the initial section reaches the printing area where the target coating needs to be formed; the pump drive frequency or the opening of the pressure valve is reduced before the corner section or deceleration section is reached; pressure is released before the stop section is reached; and back suction is performed at the stop position.

8. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of adjusting the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, or setting the path speed include: When the abnormal state is not present, first adjust the pump drive frequency and pressure valve opening according to the path segment type and the set path speed, and then adjust the set path speed according to the deviation between the detected flow rate and the target flow rate. The adjusted pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed are each limited based on the equipment's safe range, and the changes in the pump drive frequency, pressure valve opening, and set path speed between adjacent printing cycles are restricted.

9. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of correcting the target traffic for which the path location has not yet been printed includes: Based on the detected path location The wet film thickness deviation and linewidth deviation relative to the target are used to update the detected path position. Unprinted path locations with adjacent mapping relationships at the same level Film quality compensation coefficient: ； in, Location of the detected path The relative deviation of the wet film thickness relative to the target. Location of the detected path The relative deviation of the line width relative to the target. and The weighting coefficients are preset, and the calculated film quality compensation coefficients are subject to upper and lower limit processing based on the equipment safety range. When the wet film thickness in the coating detection data is greater than or equal to the set overthickness threshold, local reprinting is performed; when ink breaks or voids are detected, area isolation is performed; and when coating breakage is detected, the inspection is paused.

10. The cell electrolyte coating printing method based on flow regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for storing printing process parameters and coating inspection data include: Based on the ink batch parameters, the nozzle number, the battery cell model, and the path position, the target flow rate, the detected flow rate, the pump drive frequency, the pressure valve opening, the detected pressure, the temperature, the set path speed, the printhead gap, the wet film thickness, the line width, the printing status, and the processing actions are associated and stored. When the same deviation in the same direction at the same path location occurs repeatedly in multiple consecutive prints and the statistical mean deviation of the coating detection data exceeds the set threshold, the temperature compensation coefficient, nozzle gap compensation coefficient, pre-filling time, back suction amount, corner compensation amount or abnormal threshold are updated after the current observation value and historical value are weighted and summed using preset weights, and the update result is limited to the corresponding safe operating range of the equipment.

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