A charging gun based on phase change microcapsule and liquid cooling cooperative heat dissipation

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of charging guns, and provides a charging gun based on phase change microcapsule and liquid cooling cooperative heat dissipation, which comprises: a phase change microcapsule, which has a phase change body inside for absorbing heat to generate phase change; a liquid cooling pipeline, which is distributed in the charging gun; the liquid cooling pipeline is provided with a first contact point; in a first working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is connected with a part to be cooled of the charging gun, and the other end is switched between connection and disconnection with the first contact point at a predetermined frequency; the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline starts or stops flowing corresponding to the predetermined frequency, and when the phase change microcapsule is connected with the first contact point, the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline flows, thereby solving the double problems of high energy consumption of the traditional continuous liquid cooling scheme and the inability of the traditional pure phase change heat dissipation to perform efficient heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging gun technology, and in particular to a charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] Existing methods for cooling charging guns mostly rely on single liquid cooling or natural heat dissipation.

[0003] Natural heat dissipation is extremely inefficient, easily causing local temperatures to exceed limits and triggering overheat protection to stop charging. This not only affects charging efficiency but also accelerates the aging of internal insulation materials in the charging gun due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, reducing the lifespan of the charging gun and even causing safety hazards such as leakage and short circuits. Liquid cooling, on the other hand, consumes more energy and has a larger temperature drop, which can easily lead to condensation inside the charging gun, affecting insulation performance. Furthermore, components exposed to extreme heat or cold environments will age and fail more quickly.

[0004] Therefore, none of the above methods can simultaneously meet the requirements of heat dissipation efficiency and energy consumption, and are difficult to meet the long-term stable heat dissipation needs of current charging guns.

[0005] In conclusion, the existing technology obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide a charging gun based on the synergistic heat dissipation of phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling. After the phase change microcapsules absorb heat, the coolant carries away the heat stored in the microcapsules, helping them quickly return to their initial solid state and regain the ability to undergo another heat absorption and phase change, thus achieving a cyclical process of heat absorption and dissipation. Utilizing phase change microcapsules improves heat dissipation efficiency; furthermore, the fixed-frequency start-up method reduces the consumption of liquid cooling, eliminating the need for continuous coolant circulation. Liquid supply is only activated when the phase change microcapsules have completed heat absorption and need to reset for heat dissipation, reducing ineffective pump power consumption. While ensuring the charging gun's heat dissipation capacity, the overall system energy consumption is also considered, solving the dual problems of high energy consumption in traditional continuous liquid cooling solutions and the inability of traditional pure phase change cooling to achieve efficient heat dissipation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation, comprising: a phase change microcapsule having a phase change form that absorbs heat and generates a phase change; a liquid cooling pipe distributed within the charging gun; the liquid cooling pipe being provided with a first contact; in a first working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is connected to the part of the charging gun to be cooled, and the other end switches between connection and disconnection with the first contact at a predetermined frequency; the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe starts or stops flowing according to the predetermined frequency, and when the phase change microcapsule is connected to the first contact, the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe flows.

[0008] In this invention, the temperature of the coolant in the liquid-cooled pipeline is much lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change microcapsules. By utilizing the aforementioned predetermined frequency of reciprocating switching, the coolant can promptly remove the heat stored in the phase change microcapsules after they absorb heat and reach saturation temperature. This helps the phase change microcapsules quickly return to their initial solid state and regain the ability to undergo another heat absorption and phase change, achieving a cyclical process of heat absorption and dissipation. The use of phase change microcapsules improves heat dissipation efficiency (compared to natural heat dissipation). Furthermore, the fixed-frequency start-up method reduces the consumption of liquid cooling, eliminating the need for continuous coolant circulation. Liquid supply is only activated when the phase change microcapsules have completed heat absorption and need to reset for heat dissipation, reducing ineffective pump power loss. While ensuring the peak heat dissipation capacity of the charging gun, the overall energy consumption of the system is also considered, solving the dual problems of high energy consumption in traditional continuous liquid cooling solutions and the inability of traditional pure phase change cooling to achieve efficient heat dissipation.

[0009] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, in the second working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is in contact with the part of the charging gun to be cooled, and the other end is always connected to the first contact point, and the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe is always flowing.

[0010] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, in the third working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is in contact with the part of the charging gun to be cooled, and the other end is always disconnected from the first contact point; the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe stops flowing.

[0011] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, the phase change microcapsules are equipped with an elastic heat-conducting sheet extending towards the first contact point; in the initial state, the elastic heat-conducting sheet and the first contact point are separated by a gap; after being pressed, the elastic heat-conducting sheet contacts and connects with the first contact point.

[0012] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, the elastic heat-conducting sheet is driven to move by a pressing mechanism; the pressing mechanism includes a pressing wheel and a rotation drive member for driving the pressing wheel to rotate; the pressing wheel has a pressing protrusion that protrudes outward from the wheel surface and occupies a part of the wheel surface; when the pressing wheel rotates, the pressing protrusion contacts and presses the elastic heat-conducting sheet to contact and connect with the first contact point.

[0013] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, the extrusion wheel cooperates with a limit switch that controls the start and stop of the flow of coolant in the liquid cooling pipe; when the limit switch contacts the extrusion protrusion, the flow of coolant in the liquid cooling pipe stops.

[0014] According to the present invention, a charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation is provided, wherein the phase change microcapsules are movably installed inside the charging gun so that the phase change microcapsules move to a disengaged state, in which the elastic heat-conducting sheet is disengaged from the extrusion wheel; the nozzle of the charging gun is provided with an extrusion contact for driving the phase change microcapsules to move; the nozzle of the charging gun is adapted to be inserted into the socket of the charging device, and the extrusion contact is extruded, driving the phase change microcapsules from the disengaged state to the engaged state.

[0015] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, the extrusion contacts are provided in multiple sets, all of which are connected to the phase change microcapsules.

[0016] According to the present invention, a charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation is provided in which the phase change microcapsules are provided with sliding protrusions and the charging gun is provided with a groove that cooperates with the sliding protrusions.

[0017] According to the charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation of the present invention, the phase change microcapsule is provided with a second contact, and the part of the charging gun to be cooled is provided with a third contact; when the phase change microcapsule moves to the detached state, the second contact and the third contact are detached. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cross-section at point A in the middle; In the diagram, 00-charging gun, 1-phase change microcapsule, 2-liquid cooling pipe, 21-first contact, 22-second contact, 3-elastic heat-conducting sheet, 4-extrusion wheel, 41-extrusion protrusion, 5-extrusion contact, 6-sliding protrusion, 7-third contact, 8-limit switch. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0021] Meanwhile, the meaning of "and / or" or "and / or" appearing throughout the text is that it includes three options. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes option A, option B, or an option that satisfies both A and B.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0023] See Figures 1-4 This invention provides a charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation, the charging gun comprising: Phase change microcapsule 1, which contains a phase change type that absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change; Specifically, the phase change material can absorb heat after a phase change, typically from a solid to a liquid phase. When the charging gun 00 generates heat during operation, the solid phase change material absorbs heat directly from inside the charging gun 00, achieving temperature control and cooling. The phase change material can be selected from paraffin-based, hydrated salt-based, or fatty acid-based materials depending on its phase change temperature. Different phase change temperatures allow the phase change material to adapt to the heating characteristics of charging guns 00 with different power ratings, ensuring that the charging gun 00 triggers phase change and heat absorption within its normal operating temperature range, without affecting heat dissipation due to premature or delayed phase change.

[0024] Liquid cooling pipes 2 are distributed within the charging gun 00; the liquid cooling pipes 2 are provided with first contact points 21; Specifically, the liquid-cooled pipe 2 is connected to the coolant circulation supply module, which includes a circulation pump, a radiator, and a storage tank. The coolant circulation supply module is installed inside the charging cabinet. The liquid-cooled pipe 2 is distributed among the charging gun, charging lines, and charging cabinet. The circulation pump provides power for the circulation of coolant between the liquid-cooled pipe 2 and the external module. When the coolant flows within the liquid-cooled pipe 2, it can carry away the heat generated by the charging gun 00 and absorbed by the phase change microcapsules 1. Then, the coolant carrying heat flows into the radiator to complete the heat dissipation, and then flows back to the storage tank to enter the next cycle, maintaining a continuous and stable heat dissipation effect. The first contact 21 is made of a high thermal conductivity material, such as copper, aluminum alloy, or graphite, which can quickly transfer the heat from the wall of the liquid-cooled pipe 2 to the coolant.

[0025] In the first working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule 1 is connected to the part of the charging gun 00 to be cooled, and the other end switches between connection and disconnection with the first contact 21 at a predetermined frequency; the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 2 starts or stops flowing according to the predetermined frequency. When the phase change microcapsule 1 is connected to the first contact 21, the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 2 flows.

[0026] The temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 2 is much lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change microcapsule 1. By using the predetermined frequency of reciprocating switching, the phase change microcapsule 1 can absorb heat and then have the stored heat removed by the coolant in a timely manner. This helps the phase change microcapsule 1 quickly return to its initial solid state and regain the ability to absorb heat and undergo another phase change, achieving a cycle of heat absorption and dissipation. The phase change microcapsule 1 improves heat dissipation efficiency (compared to natural heat dissipation) and provides a gentler cooling effect (compared to liquid cooling). Furthermore, the fixed-frequency start-up reduces the consumption of liquid cooling, eliminating the need for continuous coolant circulation. The coolant supply is only activated when the phase change microcapsule 1 has absorbed heat and needs to reset for heat dissipation, reducing ineffective pump power loss and assisting the phase change microcapsule 1 in improving its heat absorption efficiency. While ensuring the peak heat dissipation capacity of the charging gun, the overall energy consumption of the system is also considered, solving the dual problems of high energy consumption in traditional continuous liquid cooling solutions and the inability of traditional pure phase change cooling to achieve efficient heat dissipation.

[0027] In the second operating mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule 1 is in contact with the part of the charging gun 00 to be cooled, and the other end is always connected to the first contact 21, with the coolant constantly flowing in the liquid cooling pipe 2. This is an emergency state. If the charging gun 00 experiences a short circuit and sudden high heat, the continuously flowing coolant can continuously remove the heat. At this time, the phase change microcapsule 1 remains solid and acts as a heat conductor. The coolant continuously absorbs the large amount of heat emitted from the part of the charging gun 00 to be cooled, quickly controlling the temperature of the charging gun 00, avoiding safety accidents caused by high temperature, and ensuring the safe operation of the charging gun 00 until the system detects and forcibly cuts off the power.

[0028] When in the third working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule 1 is in contact with the part of the charging gun 00 to be cooled, and the other end is always disconnected from the first contact 21; the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 2 stops flowing.

[0029] In this state, the charging device is about to be fully charged, or the charging gun 00 has entered a low-power charging mode. Its release temperature is low, and it does not require liquid cooling in conjunction with the phase change microcapsule 1. It can meet the heat dissipation requirements simply by relying on the phase change microcapsule 1 to dissipate heat to the natural heat exchange between the charging gun 00 shell and the outside air. There will be no additional pump power consumption, which further reduces the overall energy consumption of the system under low load conditions and makes the energy distribution of the heat dissipation system more in line with the actual heat generation requirements of the charging gun 00.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase change microcapsule 1 is equipped with an elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 extending toward the first contact 21; in the initial state, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 and the first contact 21 are spaced apart; after being pressed, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 contacts and connects with the first contact 21.

[0031] Specifically, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 can be made of an elastic metal material with a high thermal conductivity, such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy, which have both good elasticity and thermal conductivity. In the initial state, the gap between the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 and the first contact point 21 can block heat transfer; this gap is about 6-12mm. Heat transfer is only achieved when the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 is compressed and makes contact with the first contact point 21.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention discloses two modes of movement of the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3; See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the first embodiment, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 is moved by a pressing mechanism; the pressing mechanism includes a pressing wheel 4 and a rotating drive component that drives the pressing wheel 4 to rotate; the pressing wheel 4 has a pressing protrusion 41 that protrudes outward from the wheel surface and occupies a portion of the wheel surface. In the figure, the pressing protrusion 41 occupies half of the wheel surface of the pressing wheel 4, but the proportion can be adjusted as needed; when the pressing wheel 4 rotates, the pressing protrusion 41 contacts and presses the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 to contact and connect with the first contact point 21. This method is proactive, and can actively adjust the heat transfer path according to the system's preset charging power and heat generation prediction, with a fast response speed and adaptability to the heat dissipation requirements of different charging conditions.

[0033] Specifically, the rotation drive component can be a miniature servo motor; a temperature sensor is installed on the heat dissipation part of the charging gun, and the rotation of the miniature servo motor is controlled by the temperature change feedback from the sensor.

[0034] In the second embodiment, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 is made of a temperature-sensitive memory alloy. When the temperature of the charging gun 00 rises to a set threshold, the temperature-sensitive memory alloy deforms, bending towards the first contact 21 and eventually making contact with the first contact 21 to conduct the heat transfer path. When the temperature of the charging gun 00 drops back to a safe range, the temperature-sensitive memory alloy returns to its initial shape, re-forming a gap with the first contact 21 and blocking heat transfer. This pressing method does not require additional driving components, is passive, and can automatically open and close the heat transfer path according to the temperature of the charging gun 00. It has a simpler structure, a more direct response, and reduces additional energy consumption.

[0035] Based on the first embodiment, the extrusion wheel 4 cooperates with a limit switch 8 that controls the start and stop of coolant flow in the liquid-cooled pipe 2. This limit switch is also connected to the coolant circulation supply module. When the limit switch contacts the extrusion protrusion 41, the coolant flow in the liquid-cooled pipe 2 stops. When the extrusion protrusion 41 leaves the limit switch, the limit switch resets, and the liquid-cooled pipe 2 resumes coolant circulation. This linkage design can precisely match the rhythm of the on / off of the heat path of the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3, allowing the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system to be precisely matched with the actual heat generation.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase change microcapsule 1 is movably installed inside the charging gun 00, so that the phase change microcapsule 1 moves to a disengaged state, in which the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 disengages from the extrusion roller 4. Figure 3 The phase change microcapsule 1 shown moves to the left); the charging gun 00 is provided with a squeezing contact 5 at the nozzle position to drive the phase change microcapsule 1 to move ( Figure 1 and Figure 4 (As shown); the nozzle of the charging gun 00 is adapted to be inserted into the socket of the charging device. The side wall of the socket squeezes the squeeze contact 5, causing the phase change microcapsule 1 to move from the detached state to the engaged state. In the engaged state, the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 engages with the squeeze wheel 4.

[0037] Specifically, in the disengaged state, the charging gun 00, due to the disengagement of the elastic heat-conducting sheet 3 from the compression wheel 4, can achieve a functional locking effect. That is, the liquid cooling will only start after the charging gun 00 is inserted into the socket of the device to be charged, which can effectively avoid energy waste caused by the accidental start of the liquid cooling system in the idle state. The phase change microcapsule 1 is connected to a spring that drives its movement and reset, ensuring its reset operation after the pressing pressure is lost.

[0038] Based on the above, multiple sets of the extrusion contacts 5 are provided, all of which are connected to the phase change microcapsule 1.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1 The extrusion contacts 5 shown are symmetrically arranged in two sets, with multiple sets of extrusion contacts 5 spaced apart. This ensures force balance, allowing the phase change microcapsule 1 to be subjected to uniform and stable force, preventing jamming or displacement. This ensures smooth switching between the engaged and disengaged states, avoiding mechanical jamming caused by uneven force, improving the reliability of the structure's operation. It also disperses the extrusion force on individual contacts, reducing structural wear and extending the overall lifespan of the structure. Furthermore, to further ensure smooth movement of the phase change microcapsule 1, it is equipped with sliding protrusions 6. The charging gun 00 has a groove that mates with the sliding protrusions 6, utilizing the interaction between the sliding protrusions 6 and the groove to achieve guided movement.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase change microcapsule 1 is provided with a second contact 22, and the part of the charging gun 00 to be cooled is provided with a third contact 7; when the phase change microcapsule 1 moves to the detached state, the second contact 22 and the third contact 7 are detached.

[0041] Specifically, when the second contact 22 is disconnected from the third contact 7, the charging gun 00 enters a heat preservation state. That is, when the charging gun 00 is pulled out from the device to be charged, the heat of the part to be cooled is slowly released through the outer shell, avoiding rapid cooling of the charging gun 00 by the external cold environment, reducing the thermal stress impact of sudden temperature changes on the internal components and sealing materials, and extending the service life of the internal components. When the charging gun 00 is reinserted into the socket for use, the squeezing contact 5 is squeezed and pushed by the inner wall of the socket, directly driving the phase change microcapsule 1 from the disconnected state to the working state, which triggers the phase change heat absorption and liquid cooling temperature control mechanism. No additional manual switching operation is required, realizing automatic switching of the usage state, adapting to the daily plugging and unplugging process of the charging gun 00, further improving the automation adaptation capability of the heat dissipation system, simplifying the user operation process while ensuring the temperature control and heat dissipation effect.

[0042] Of course, the second contact 22 and the third contact 7 can also be selected to always be in contact to maintain the stable connection initially disclosed.

[0043] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation, characterized in that, include: Phase change microcapsules contain phase change substances that absorb heat and undergo a phase change. Liquid cooling pipes are distributed inside the charging gun; The liquid cooling pipe is provided with a first contact point; in the first working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is connected to the part of the charging gun to be cooled, and the other end switches between connection and disconnection with the first contact point at a predetermined frequency. The coolant in the liquid cooling pipe starts or stops flowing according to the predetermined frequency. When the phase change microcapsule is connected to the first contact, the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe flows.

2. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is in contact with the part of the charging gun to be cooled, and the other end is always connected to the first contact point, and the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe is always flowing.

3. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the third working mode, one end of the phase change microcapsule is in contact with the part of the charging gun to be cooled, while the other end is always disconnected from the first contact point; the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe stops flowing.

4. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change microcapsule is fitted with an elastic thermally conductive sheet extending toward the first contact point; In the initial state, the gap between the elastic heat-conducting sheet and the first contact point is set; after the elastic heat-conducting sheet is compressed, it comes into contact with and connects to the first contact point.

5. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic heat-conducting sheet is moved by a pressing mechanism; The pressing mechanism includes a pressing wheel and a rotating drive component that drives the pressing wheel to rotate; The extrusion wheel has an extrusion protrusion that protrudes outward from the wheel surface and occupies a portion of the wheel surface; when the extrusion wheel rotates, the extrusion protrusion contacts and extrudes the elastic heat-conducting sheet to make contact with and connect to the first contact point.

6. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extrusion wheel is coupled with a limit switch that controls the start and stop of the flow of coolant in the liquid cooling pipe; When the limit switch contacts the compression protrusion, the flow of coolant in the liquid cooling pipe stops.

7. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase change microcapsule is movably installed inside the charging gun so that the phase change microcapsule moves to a disengaged state, in which the elastic heat-conducting sheet is disengaged from the extrusion wheel; The charging gun has a compression contact at the nozzle position to drive the phase change microcapsule to move; the nozzle of the charging gun is adapted to be inserted into the socket of the charging device, and the compression contact is compressed, driving the phase change microcapsule from a disengaged state to an engaged state.

8. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extrusion contacts are provided in multiple sets, all of which are connected to the phase change microcapsules.

9. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The phase change microcapsule is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the charging gun is provided with a groove that cooperates with the sliding protrusion.

10. The charging gun based on phase change microcapsules and liquid cooling synergistic heat dissipation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The phase change microcapsule is provided with a second contact, and the part of the charging gun to be cooled is provided with a third contact. When the phase change microcapsule moves to the detached state, the second contact separates from the third contact.

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