A small trolley for construction work

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building engineering material transfer equipment, in particular to a small trolley for building engineering, which comprises a trolley frame, a bearing base and a hopper, the bearing base is fixedly installed on the top of the trolley frame, the hopper is hingedly connected to the bearing base, a lifting synchronization mechanism and a hydraulic drive assembly are arranged between the bearing base and the hopper, and a buffer support column is arranged on the top of the bearing base; the present application forms an independent locking structure by cooperating the lock tongue block with the locking buffer assembly, can share the long-term load of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder during transfer, solves the defects of cylinder deformation and seal damage caused by single-cylinder bearing and alternating load of traditional equipment, and the rigid locking structure can constrain the large-scale movement of the hopper to avoid the fatigue damage caused by repeated pulling of the cylinder piston rod by the vibration of the hopper bottom pad; the sliding seat can slightly slide along the guide frame to avoid the rigid transmission of the vibration force to the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, greatly prolonging the service life of the cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction material transfer equipment technology, specifically a trolley for construction projects. Background Technology

[0002] Construction sites require frequent transfer of various bulk materials such as sand, gravel, cement, concrete, and bricks. Electric dump trucks are widely used due to their advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, flexible site access, and convenient operation. Currently, most dump trucks on the market use a structure where hydraulic cylinders directly push the hopper. Whether it is unloading and lifting or keeping the hopper level and limited during material transfer, the entire process relies on the single force support of the hydraulic cylinder, without an independent locking and unloading structure.

[0003] Under full-load transfer conditions, the weight of the hopper and the material load are all borne by the hydraulic telescopic cylinder. Road bumps cause continuous reciprocating vibrations, and the hopper moves up and down constantly. Alternating tensile and compressive loads act continuously on the cylinder piston rod, which can easily lead to faults such as piston rod bending, seal wear and oil leakage. The hydraulic parts need to be replaced frequently, resulting in high equipment maintenance costs. At the same time, the hopper lacks rigid limit constraints during the transfer process, which causes large-scale back-and-forth and up-and-down swaying. The hopper bottom pad vibrates at high frequency, and the vibration load is directly transmitted unidirectionally to the cylinder telescopic rod. Long-term reciprocating tension can easily cause metal fatigue of the rod, further shortening the overall service life of the hydraulic cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a handcart for construction engineering, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, namely, that existing self-unloading handcarts rely solely on hydraulic telescopic cylinders to bear the entire load, lack an independent locking and unloading structure, are prone to deformation and leakage under alternating loads in bumpy working conditions, and suffer from metal fatigue due to large-scale shaking of the hopper pulling the telescopic rod, resulting in rapid wear and tear of hydraulic components, high maintenance costs, and short service life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a trolley for construction engineering, comprising a frame, a support base and a hopper, wherein the support base is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, the hopper is hinged to the support base, a lifting synchronization mechanism and a hydraulic drive assembly are provided between the support base and the hopper, and a buffer support column is provided on the top of the support base; The lifting synchronization mechanism includes a hinge seat that is coaxially hinged to the hopper, a detachable locking component is provided between the hinge seat and the hopper, and a locking buffer assembly is provided at the bottom of the hinge seat. The hydraulic drive assembly includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder and a sliding seat slidably mounted on the support base. The two ends of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder are rotatably connected to the hinge seat and the sliding seat, respectively. The sliding seat is provided with a locking tongue block that corresponds to and cooperates with the locking buffer assembly. When the hydraulic telescopic cylinder retracts and resets, it can drive the locking tongue block to lock with the locking buffer assembly, thereby achieving buffer locking of the hopper in conjunction with the buffer support column.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above solution, the hopper includes a hopper body, hinge ears, and a hopper bottom pad. The hopper bottom pad is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom of the hopper body, and the hinge ears are symmetrically fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the hopper body. The hopper body is hinged to the supporting base through the hinge ears.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above solution, a connecting seat is fixed at the end of the hinge seat, and hinge blocks are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the connecting seat. The hinge seat is hinged to the bearing base through the hinge blocks, and the hinge axis is coaxial with the hinge axis of the hopper.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above solution, the locking buffer assembly includes a fixed frame, a buffer sleeve, and a buffer spring. The fixed frame is fixed to the lower surface of the hinge seat, the buffer sleeve is vertically slidably assembled in the fixed frame, and the buffer spring is connected between the buffer sleeve and the inner wall of the fixed frame. Limiting grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the fixed frame, and limiting sliders are provided on both sides of the buffer sleeve, which are slidably assembled in the limiting grooves.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above solution, the detachable locking component includes a limiting sleeve, a pressing block, an adjusting screw, and a threaded seat. The limiting sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the hopper and passes through the hinge seat. The threaded seat is fixed to the bottom of the hinge seat. The adjusting screw is threadedly assembled into the threaded seat. The end of the adjusting screw is connected to the pressing block through a bearing. The adjusting screw can push the pressing block into the limiting sleeve to achieve locking.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, a guide frame is fixed inside the bearing base, and the sliding seat is slidably assembled in the guide frame through a sliding bracket; the sliding bracket includes a base plate and two sets of guide arms, the base plate is fixed to the bottom of the sliding seat, the guide arms are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base plate and clamped between the sliding seat and the guide frame, and the top of the guide arms is provided with wear-resistant rollers, which roll in contact with the guide frame.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, the locking tongue block includes a mounting base and an inclined guide push block. The mounting base is fixed to the top of the guide arm, and the inclined guide push block is fixed to the inner side of the mounting base. The bottom of the inclined guide push block is provided with an inclined guide surface, which can push the locking buffer assembly to complete the locking.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, the buffer support column includes a sleeve, a buffer top column, a shock-absorbing spring, and a limiting stop. The sleeve is fixed to the upper surface of the bearing base, the buffer top column is vertically slidably assembled inside the sleeve, the shock-absorbing spring is connected between the sleeve and the buffer top column, and the limiting stop is fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the sleeve.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention forms an independent locking structure by cooperating with the locking tongue block and the locking buffer assembly. During transportation, it can share the long-term load of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, solving the defects of traditional equipment caused by single-cylinder load and alternating load, which leads to cylinder deformation and seal damage. At the same time, the rigid locking structure can restrain the large-scale movement of the hopper and avoid fatigue damage caused by repeated pulling of the cylinder piston rod due to vibration of the hopper bottom pad. The sliding seat can slide slightly along the guide frame to avoid rigid transmission of vibration force to the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, which greatly extends the service life of the cylinder. This invention forms a dual-spring damping buffer system by combining a buffer support column and a locking buffer assembly, which can quickly dissipate driving vibrations, making the hopper transfer smooth and less prone to spillage; the sliding bracket uses wear-resistant rollers for rolling cooperation, and the locking tongue locks and unlocks smoothly without jamming; the detachable locking part can release the constraint between the hinge seat and the hopper bottom pad, and the hopper can still be manually raised to increase the unloading angle after the hydraulic cylinder reaches its maximum stroke, so that the material is dumped more thoroughly and the hopper is easier to clean. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support base and hopper of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the support base and the hopper of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the support base and the bucket body of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the support base of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the hopper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting synchronization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the hinge seat of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic drive assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the guide frame and sliding bracket of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding bracket of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the locking buffer assembly of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable locking component of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer support column of the present invention.

[0015] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 1. Chassis; 2. Support base; 3. Hopper; 31. Hopper body; 32. Hinge lug; 33. Hopper bottom pad; 4. Lifting synchronization mechanism; 41. Hinge seat; 42. Connecting seat; 43. Locking buffer assembly; 431. Fixing frame; 432. Buffer sleeve; 433. Buffer spring; 434. Limiting slider; 435. Limiting groove; 44. Hinge block; 45. Removable locking component; 451. Limiting sleeve; 452. Pressing block; 45 3. Adjusting screw; 4. Threaded seat; 5. Hydraulic drive assembly; 51. Hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 52. Connector; 53. Sliding seat; 54. Guide frame; 55. Sliding bracket; 551. Base plate; 552. Guide arm; 553. Wear-resistant roller; 56. Locking tongue block; 561. Mounting seat; 562. Angled guide push block; 6. Buffer support column; 61. Sleeve; 62. Buffer top column; 63. Shock-absorbing spring; 64. Limit stop. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figures 1 to 14 The illustrated trolley for construction engineering includes a frame 1, a support base 2, and a hopper 3. The support base 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1, and the hopper 3 is hinged to the top of the support base 2 and can be flipped around the hinge to empty the internal materials. A lifting synchronization mechanism 4 and a hydraulic drive assembly 5 are provided between the support base 2 and the hopper bottom pad 33. Two symmetrically distributed buffer support columns 6 are provided on the top of the support base 2.

[0018] The hopper 3 includes a hopper body 31, hinge ears 32, and a hopper bottom pad 33. The hopper bottom pad 33 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom of the hopper body 31. The outer side of the bottom of the hopper body 31 is also fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed hinge ears 32. The hopper body 31 is hinged to the bearing base 2 through the hinge ears 32, so that the entire hopper 3 can complete the flipping and unloading action around the axis of the hinge ears 32.

[0019] The lifting synchronization mechanism 4 includes a hinge seat 41 and a connecting seat 42. Two symmetrically distributed hinge blocks 44 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting seat 42, and the hinge blocks 44 are hinged to the support base 2. The connecting seat 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the hinge seat 41 near the hinge point between the support base 2 and the hopper 3. The hinge axes of the hinge seat 41 and the connecting seat 42 are coaxial with the hinge axis of the hopper 3, so that the hinge seat 41 can rotate synchronously with the hopper 3. The bottom of the hinge seat 41 is also provided with symmetrically distributed... The two locking buffer components 43 of the cloth, the hinge seat 41 and the bottom pad plate 33 are provided with a detachable locking part 45. The detachable locking part 45 can realize the attachment and fixation between the bottom pad plate 33 and the hinge seat 41. So that during the unloading process, after the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 reaches the maximum support stroke, the operator can release the fixation between the hinge seat 41 and the hopper 3. At this time, the hopper 3 can continue to be turned over, so that the material inside can be poured out more thoroughly and the hopper can be cleaned more easily.

[0020] The hydraulic drive assembly 5 includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51, a connector 52, a sliding seat 53, and a guide frame 54. The connector 52 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hinge seat 41, the guide frame 54 is fixedly installed on the top inner side of the bearing base 2, and the sliding seat 53 is slidably installed on the inner side of the guide frame 54 through the sliding bracket 55. The piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 is rotatably connected to the connector 52, and the tail end of the cylinder body is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 53, so that the hinge seat 41 can be pushed through the connector 52 during the telescopic process. The hinge seat 41 drives the bottom pad 33 to rotate around the hinge. Two symmetrically distributed locking tongue blocks 56 are provided on the top of the sliding bracket 55.

[0021] When the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 retracts, it shortens the distance between the connector 52 and the sliding seat 53. During the retraction process, the weight of the hopper 3 and the material inside it ensures that the sliding seat 53 remains in contact with the end of the guide frame 54 away from the connector 52, providing stable support to the bottom of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. This ensures that the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 can stably pull the connector 52 and the hinge seat 41 and drive the hopper 3 to rotate synchronously during the telescopic process. When the connector 52 falls with the hinge seat 41 to contact the top surface of the buffer support column 6, the buffer support column 6 first provides elastic cushioning and support for the falling hopper 3. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 cannot pull the hinge seat 41 downwards even if it continues to retract; it can only pull the sliding seat 53 along the guide frame. 54. Horizontal sliding; when the sliding seat 53 slides, it drives the locking tongue block 56 to move synchronously through the sliding bracket 55. The locking tongue block 56 cooperates with the locking buffer assembly 43 to lock the position of the hopper 3. This locking structure shares the load that the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 bears for a long time, avoiding the failure of deformation and seal damage caused by the hydraulic cylinder being repeatedly subjected to alternating loads under bumpy conditions when the traditional equipment relies solely on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 to bear the load. At the same time, the locking structure can restrain the large-scale movement of the hopper 3, avoiding the problem of fatigue damage caused by the continuous vibration of the bottom pad 33 pulling the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. When the transfer is bumpy, the sliding seat 53 can slide slightly horizontally along the guide frame 54 to release the horizontal component force caused by the vibration, avoid the piston rod being subjected to alternating lateral loads, and greatly extend the service life of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0022] The locking buffer assembly 43 includes a fixed frame 431 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hinge seat 41. A buffer sleeve 432 is slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 431. A through groove is horizontally opened on the side of the buffer sleeve 432 near the locking tongue block 56. A buffer spring 433 is fixedly installed between the top of the buffer sleeve 432 and the inner wall of the fixed frame 431. A buffer pad is provided between the bottom surface of the buffer sleeve 432 and the bottom inner wall of the fixed frame 431. In the initial state of the conveying station, the buffer spring 433 is in a pre-compressed state, and the bottom surface of the buffer sleeve 432 and the bottom inner wall of the fixed frame 431 are tightly attached by the buffer pad. When the locking tongue block 56 slides along the sliding bracket 55 toward the hinge seat 41, the inclined guide push block 562 will extend into the through groove on the buffer sleeve 432, and the hopper 3 will be locked and fixed on the bearing base 2 by pressing down the inner wall of the bottom of the buffer sleeve 432; two limiting grooves 435 are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the fixed frame 431, and two symmetrically distributed limiting sliders 434 are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the buffer sleeve 432. The limiting sliders 434 are slidably installed on the inner side of the limiting grooves 435 to limit the up and down sliding stroke of the buffer sleeve 432 and prevent the buffer sleeve 432 from coming out of the fixed frame 431.

[0023] The detachable locking component 45 includes a limiting sleeve 451 fixedly connected to the bottom of the bucket bottom pad 33, with the bottom of the limiting sleeve 451 penetrating the hinge seat 41; a threaded seat 454 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hinge seat 41, and an adjusting screw 453 is installed on the internal thread of the threaded seat 454. One end of the adjusting screw 453 near the limiting sleeve 451 is rotatably connected to a pressing block 452 via a bearing. The upper surface of the pressing block 452 is in contact with the lower surface of the hinge seat 41, and the adjusting screw... Under the push of 453, it can slide horizontally inside the limiting sleeve 451; the pressing block 452 has an inclined surface at one end near the limiting sleeve 451. When the adjusting screw 453 is turned in the forward direction, the inclined surface presses the limiting sleeve 451 downward, causing the bottom pad 33 to fit tightly with the hinge seat 41, so as to achieve rigid fixation between the two; when the adjusting screw 453 is turned in the reverse direction, the pressing block 452 exits from the inside of the limiting sleeve 451, which can release the locking constraint between the bottom pad 33 and the hinge seat 41.

[0024] The sliding bracket 55 includes a base plate 551 fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding seat 53. Two symmetrically distributed guide arms 552 are fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 551. The guide arms 552 are slidably installed between the sliding seat 53 and the guide frame 54. Multiple wear-resistant rollers 553 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the top of the guide arms 552. The wear-resistant rollers 553 roll on the upper surface of the guide frame 54, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the moving resistance of the sliding seat 53. At the same time, the guide arms 552 on both sides limit the sliding seat 53 to the left and right, preventing the sliding seat 53 from deviating or getting stuck during the sliding process.

[0025] The locking tongue block 56 includes a mounting base 561 fixedly connected to the top of the guide arm 552. An inclined guide push block 562 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting base 561. The bottom of the inclined guide push block 562 extending out of the mounting base 561 has an inclined surface. When the sliding seat 53 moves toward the hinge seat 41, the inclined surface can smoothly extend into the buffer sleeve 432 and push the buffer sleeve 432 downward, so that the buffer sleeve 432 moves to the locking position, thereby locking the hinge seat 41 and the hopper 3. In the fully locked condition, the bottom inner wall of the buffer sleeve 432 is completely in contact with the lower surface of the inclined guide push block 562, forming a rigid limiting structure, which restricts the hopper 3 from moving up and down and back and forth, and ensures the safety of material transportation.

[0026] The buffer support column 6 includes a sleeve 61 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing base 2. A buffer top column 62 is slidably installed inside the sleeve 61. A shock-absorbing spring 63 is fixedly installed between the sleeve 61 and the buffer top column 62. A limit stop 64 is also fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the sleeve 61. When the hopper 3 is driven to return downward by the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51, the bottom pad 33 of the hopper first contacts the top surface of the buffer top column 62, compressing the shock-absorbing spring 63 downward to complete the first stage of elastic buffering. After the buffer top column 62 descends to the bottom and fits against the limit stop 64, the sleeve 61 provides stable rigid support for the hopper 3, sharing the bearing pressure at the retracting end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. The top of the limit stop 64 is provided with a shock-absorbing pad, which avoids rigid contact and can cooperate to perform subsequent shock absorption. During transportation, the buffer support column 6 and the locking buffer... When the impact assembly 43 works in concert, the vibration load is synchronously transmitted to the buffer top column 62 and the buffer sleeve 432 when the road surface is bumpy and vibrates up and down. The shock-absorbing spring 63 and the buffer spring 433 are alternately compressed and stretched to form a double buffer system, ensuring that the hopper 3 moves smoothly without violent shaking when it moves with the frame 1. When the hopper 3 is flipped to the top of the support base 2, it is in the standard conveying position. Under this condition, the shock-absorbing spring 63 is in a pre-compressed state. The limit stop 64 prevents the buffer top column 62 from going down too far and limits the maximum downward stroke of the hopper 3 to prevent the hopper 3 from being damaged by excessive downward pressure. In the conveying state, the buffer spring 433 inside the locking buffer assembly 43 and the shock-absorbing spring 63 inside the buffer support column 6 are both kept in a pre-compressed state. When the vehicle is bumpy, the two sets of springs are compressed and reset repeatedly to continuously absorb the vibration impact.

[0027] Working principle: During the material transfer station operation, after the equipment completes unloading and reset, the whole machine enters the material transfer mode. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 is fully retracted to the shortest stroke. Under the action of the oil cylinder, the sliding seat 53 is attached to the end of the guide frame 54 near the hinge seat 41. The sliding bracket 55 moves forward synchronously with the sliding seat 53. The inclined guide push block 562 of the locking tongue block 56 slides completely into the bottom of the buffer sleeve 432 and pushes the buffer sleeve 432 downward.

[0028] At the same time, the hopper 3 is placed horizontally above the bearing base 2. The bottom pad 33 is pressed completely against the buffer top column 62 of the buffer support column 6 on both sides through the hinge seat 41. The buffer top column 62 compresses the shock-absorbing spring 63 downward. The bottom end of the buffer top column 62 abuts against the shock-absorbing pad of the limit stop 64. The limit stop 64 restricts the buffer top column 62 from continuing to move downward, thereby locking the limit position of the hopper 3 to flip downward, and preventing the weight of the hopper 3 and the weight of the material from pressing on the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51.

[0029] When the trolley travels on uneven roads and causes bumps, the hopper 3 will vibrate up and down: when vibrating upwards, the damping spring 63 rebounds and pushes up the buffer top column 62, and the buffer sleeve 432 moves downwards relative to the hopper 3 to compress the buffer pad and stretch the buffer spring 433; when vibrating downwards, the hopper 3 presses down on the buffer top column 62 to compress the damping spring 63 and the damping pad, while the buffer sleeve 432 moves upwards relative to the hopper 3 and compresses the buffer spring 433; the two sets of springs alternately compress and rebound, and rely on the internal metal friction of the springs, the sliding friction between the limit slider 434 and the limit groove 435, and the sliding friction between the buffer top column 62 and the sleeve 61 to continuously consume the vibration energy, forming stable damping and shock absorption, which greatly reduces the impact load transmitted to the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51.

[0030] Furthermore, the sliding seat 53 can slide slightly horizontally on the guide frame 54 by relying on the wear-resistant roller 553 throughout the entire transfer process. The vibration force will not form a one-way rigid pulling force to continuously pull the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51, thereby reducing cylinder fatigue wear from the root. The inclined guide block 562 and the buffer sleeve 432 are rigidly locked together throughout the entire process, so the hopper 3 will not move back and forth or up and down significantly. When transporting bulk materials such as sand, gravel and mortar, there will be no spillage, and the overall safety of the machine operation will be greatly improved.

[0031] During the unloading operation, the operator starts the hydraulic oil supply system to supply oil to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. The piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 gradually extends outward, increasing the overall length of the cylinder and increasing the distance between the connector 52 and the sliding seat 53. The tail end of the cylinder pulls the sliding seat 53 to slide horizontally along the guide frame 54 away from the hinge seat 41. The sliding bracket 55 moves backward synchronously, and the locking tongue block 56 slides along with it. The inclined guide push block 562 gradually slides out from the bottom of the buffer sleeve 432, and the locking state of the locking buffer assembly 43 is automatically released.

[0032] As the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 continues to extend, the piston rod pushes the hinge seat 41 upward through the connector 52. Since the hinge seat 41 and the hinge axis of the hopper 3 are completely coaxial, the hinge seat 41 drives the bottom pad 33 and the entire hopper 3 to rotate upward around the hinge ear 32 axis through the locked detachable locking part 45. During the lifting process of the hopper 3, the bottom pad 33 disengages from the buffer top column 62, and the shock-absorbing spring 63 fully rebounds and extends.

[0033] When the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 extends to its maximum rated stroke, the tilting angle of the hopper 3 is limited by the length of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. Clumps of mortar and gravel will remain on the inner wall of the hopper body 31 and the surface of the hopper bottom pad 33. At this time, the operator manually loosens the adjusting screw 453 in the opposite direction. The screw drives the pressure block 452 to exit horizontally from the inside of the limit sleeve 451, releasing the rigid constraint between the hopper bottom pad 33 and the hinge seat 41. The hinge seat 41 only maintains a fixed tilt angle with the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51. The operator can manually lift the rear half of the hopper 3 to further increase the unloading tilt angle. The residual material in the hopper will completely slide off under the action of gravity, making it easy for the operator to enter the hopper to clean up the clumps of residue.

[0034] During the unloading, reset, and locking process, after the material is completely dumped and cleaned, the hydraulic system is reversed. The rod chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 is supplied with oil, and the piston rod retracts and shortens inward, pulling the connector 52 to rotate downward. The hinge seat 41 and the hopper 3 fall downward around the hinge axis in sync. In the initial stage of the descent, the hopper 3 is in a suspended state without any supporting load. It relies solely on the slow pull of the oil cylinder to avoid impact from rapid descent.

[0035] When the lower surface of the bottom pad 33 contacts the top surface of the buffer top column 62 of the buffer support column 6, the buffer top column 62 is compressed downward to compress the shock absorption spring 63, and the spring elasticity buffers the impact of the falling hopper 3. After the buffer top column 62 descends to the bottom and fits against the limit stop 64, the sleeve 61 forms a stable rigid support for the hopper 3. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 51 continues to retract but cannot pull the hinge seat 41 to rotate downward. All the pulling force is converted into the power to pull the sliding seat 53 to move horizontally forward.

[0036] Under the pulling force of the hydraulic cylinder, the sliding seat 53 slides along the guide frame 54 toward the hinge seat 41. The base plate 551, guide arm 552, and locking tongue block 56 move forward synchronously. The wear-resistant roller 553 rolls along the top surface of the guide frame 54 to reduce sliding resistance. The inclined surface of the inclined guide push block 562 contacts the inner wall of the bottom end of the buffer sleeve 432 again and continues to slide inward, pressing down on the buffer sleeve 432. Until the inclined guide push block 562 slides completely into the bottom of the buffer sleeve 432, the lower surfaces of the two are completely in contact, and the locking buffer assembly 43 completes rigid locking.

[0037] At this point, the machine automatically returns to the horizontal conveying position, the shock-absorbing spring 63 and the buffer spring 433 return to the pre-compression state, the locking and double buffer structures are all reset, and the material can be reloaded to carry out the next round of transfer operations.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A trolley for construction projects, comprising a frame, a support base, and a hopper, wherein the support base is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, and the hopper is hinged to the top of the support base, characterized in that: A lifting synchronization mechanism and a hydraulic drive assembly are provided between the support base and the hopper, and a buffer support column is provided on the top of the support base; The lifting synchronization mechanism includes a hinge seat that is coaxially hinged to the hopper, a detachable locking component is provided between the hinge seat and the hopper, and a locking buffer assembly is provided at the bottom of the hinge seat. The hydraulic drive assembly includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a connector fixedly mounted on a hinged seat, and a sliding seat slidably mounted on a bearing base. The two ends of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder are rotatably connected to the connector and the sliding seat, respectively. The sliding seat is provided with a locking tongue block that corresponds to and cooperates with the locking buffer assembly. During the retraction and reset process of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, it drives the locking tongue block to lock and engage with the locking buffer assembly, which together with the buffer support column completes the buffer limit locking of the hopper.

2. The trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper includes a hopper body, hinge ears, and a hopper bottom pad. The hopper bottom pad is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hopper body, and the hinge ears are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the hopper body. The hopper body is hinged to the supporting base through the hinge ears.

3. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting seat is fixed at the end of the hinge seat, and hinge blocks are symmetrically fixed at the bottom of the connecting seat. The hinge seat is hinged to the bearing base through the hinge blocks, and the hinge axis is coaxial with the hinge axis of the hopper.

4. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking buffer assembly includes a fixed frame, a buffer sleeve, and a buffer spring. The fixed frame is fixed to the lower surface of the hinge seat, the buffer sleeve is vertically slidably assembled inside the fixed frame, and the buffer spring is connected between the buffer sleeve and the inner wall of the fixed frame. Limiting grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the fixed frame, and limiting sliders are provided on both sides of the buffer sleeve, which are slidably assembled inside the limiting grooves.

5. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable locking component includes a limiting sleeve, a pressing block, an adjusting screw, and a threaded seat. The limiting sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the hopper and passes through the hinge seat. The threaded seat is fixed to the bottom of the hinge seat. The adjusting screw is threadedly assembled inside the threaded seat. The end of the adjusting screw is connected to the pressing block through a bearing.

6. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide frame is fixed inside the support base, and the sliding seat is slidably assembled in the guide frame through a sliding bracket. The sliding bracket includes a base plate and two sets of guide arms. The base plate is fixed to the bottom of the sliding seat, and the guide arms are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base plate and clamped between the sliding seat and the guide frame. The top of the guide arms is provided with wear-resistant rollers, and the wear-resistant rollers are in rolling contact with the guide frame.

7. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking tongue block includes a mounting base and an inclined guide push block. The mounting base is fixed to the top of the guide arm, and the inclined guide push block is fixed to the inside of the mounting base. The bottom of the end of the inclined guide push block is provided with an inclined guide surface, which can push the locking buffer assembly to complete the locking.

8. A trolley for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer support column includes a sleeve, a buffer top column, a shock-absorbing spring, and a limiting stop. The sleeve is fixed to the upper surface of the bearing base, the buffer top column is vertically slidably assembled inside the sleeve, the shock-absorbing spring is connected between the sleeve and the buffer top column, and the limiting stop is fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the sleeve.

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