Optimization of transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and method for assembling sections thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a ship transverse bulkhead structure optimization and a segmented general assembly method thereof, which comprises the following steps: a multifunctional auxiliary structure assembly is installed in the transverse bulkhead segment construction; the cross-segment positioning pin is installed in the segment stage; a movable adjusting steel support is arranged in the non-cross-segment; the cross-segment is transported to a general assembly site base position by using a flat car; another side segment is transported to a closing opening together with the movable support; after precision adjustment is carried out by using the movable support, welding and fixing are carried out; the non-cross-segment positioning pin is finally installed; after general assembly seam welding and coating, the general segment is transported to a door machine area by using a flat car and is carried. The transverse bulkhead segment general assembly can be completed without occupying large door machine resources, the multifunctional auxiliary structure assembly realizes compatible sharing of a scaffold, the positioning pin process is moved forward to shorten a construction period, and the application has the advantages of small site occupation, low cost and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Transverse bulkheads are vertical bulkhead structures arranged along the width of the ship and perpendicular to its length. They are the core transverse load-bearing components of the hull, connecting to the bottom, the deck, and welded to the outer side plating on both sides. Their main functions are to separate compartments and ensure the transverse strength and anti-sinking capability of the hull. Section assembly is an intermediate process in which two or more adjacent sections from the same area are spliced ​​and welded together in a site near the slipway or dry dock to form a large section, which is then hoisted to the slipway or dry dock for installation.

[0003] Transverse bulkhead sections are typically large in both width and height, with large container ships having transverse bulkheads that can reach tens of meters in width and height, while their length is generally only about 1-2 meters. Therefore, the assembly of transverse bulkhead sections traditionally employs a horizontal assembly method, where large gantry cranes are used to hoist several sections onto pier jigs for horizontal assembly. Temporary scaffolding must be erected around the sections during assembly, and then large gantry cranes on the slipway or dry dock are used to turn the sections upright before hoisting them into place.

[0004] Currently, relevant technologies have been explored in the assembly of transverse bulkheads. For example, patent CN118953628A discloses a method for assembling transverse bulkheads, which achieves the stacking and assembly of two transverse bulkhead sections by arranging support groups on the assembly platform, alleviating the problem of limited assembly site resources. Patent CN115285311A discloses a container ship transverse bulkhead assembly system and method, which achieves an assembly process without gantry cranes by arranging dock pier arrays on the assembly platform and using transport vehicles to transport the sections.

[0005] However, existing technologies still have the following prominent problems: (1) Assembly site relies on large gantry crane resources: Traditional horizontal assembly of transverse bulkhead sections requires hoisting each section to the assembly site, which necessitates the use of space resources under large gantry cranes. Moreover, the assembly construction site area is enormous, reaching dozens of times the area of ​​the transverse bulkhead itself, resulting in a severe shortage of assembly site resources next to the slipway or dock. Although patent CN115285311A achieves assembly without gantry cranes by transporting sections by transport vehicles, its assembly process still relies on the arrangement of dock pier arrays, and the means of adjusting the accuracy of section closure are limited. Furthermore, there is no relevant structural optimization to facilitate assembly and loading construction.

[0006] (2) Repeated erection and dismantling of temporary construction scaffolding: During the assembly and loading of transverse bulkhead sections, temporary construction scaffolding and edge railings need to be erected on the top and sides. Each stage requires separate erection and dismantling, resulting in a large amount of repetitive work and consuming a lot of manpower and time. Although temporary protection solutions such as insertable uprights have been proposed, these solutions are mainly aimed at the construction protection around the cargo hold structure and have not yet been systematically integrated with the assembly process of transverse bulkhead section construction.

[0007] (3) Low installation efficiency of hatch cover locating pins: Large container ships typically use locating pins to fix the hatch cover in both directions in the horizontal plane, ensuring accurate placement each time. The installation accuracy of the locating pins is extremely high, with a deviation of no more than 2 mm. Currently, locating pins are mostly installed during the assembly or loading stage, requiring marking and positioning only after the hatch cover is hoisted into place. This results in a long installation cycle and less ideal construction conditions compared to the segmented stage. Although there have been technical attempts to advance the installation of locating pins to the segmented stage, existing solutions mainly focus on accuracy control methods. For example, Chinese patent CN116331438A discloses an accuracy control method for installing locating pins in the segmented stage. However, the optimization of the transverse bulkhead structure and the structural optimization of the locating pins themselves, as well as their systematic integration with the transverse bulkhead segmented construction process, are still insufficient.

[0008] (4) High cost of off-site assembly: When there is insufficient assembly space next to the slipway or dock, the transverse bulkhead sections need to be transported to an off-site site for assembly. Off-site assembly not only requires additional space, but also requires large gantry cranes for hoisting. After the assembly is completed, it needs to be transported back to the shipyard by barge, resulting in a large amount of transportation costs.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of ships and its segmented assembly. Through the systematic integration of flatbed truck transportation, mobile adjustment piers, multifunctional auxiliary structural components, and segmented installation of positioning pins, the entire process of transverse bulkhead segmented assembly is optimized. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical defects of existing transverse bulkhead segment assembly methods, such as the serious occupation of large gantry crane resources, repeated erection of temporary scaffolding, low efficiency of hatch cover accessory positioning pin installation, and high cost of off-site assembly, and to provide a method for optimizing ship transverse bulkhead structure and its segment assembly.

[0011] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly includes the following steps: S1. The transverse bulkheads are constructed in sections, and multi-functional auxiliary structural components are installed on the top of the front and rear bulkheads of the transverse bulkheads. S2. During the construction of transverse bulkhead sections, two locating pins are installed on the mid-span section: one is located near the top hatch cover of the mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the mid-span section, and the other is located between the dividing line of the transverse bulkhead section and the centerline of the ship, called the center locating pin; one locating pin is installed on non-mid-span sections, located near the top hatch cover of the non-mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the non-mid-span section, which is symmetrical to the side locating pin of the mid-span section about the centerline of the ship; the locating pins for the hatch cover accessories of the mid-span section are installed during the sectioning stage, and the locating pins for the non-mid-span section are temporarily fixed by spot welding during the sectioning stage; S3. After the non-span transverse bulkhead is constructed in sections, movable and adjustable steel piers are installed at the surrounding strong structures. The upper end of the pier is equipped with a spiral lifting device, and the lower end is equipped with rollers. S4. The cross-section of the transverse bulkhead is transported to the assembly site by flatbed truck and placed on the pier frame for reference positioning. S5. Use a flatbed truck to transport the other side transverse bulkhead section along with its movable adjustable steel pier to the reference positioning section joining point. S6. After precision adjustment of the transverse bulkhead sections on both sides using movable adjustable steel piers, the sections are welded and fixed. S7. After the transverse bulkhead section is assembled, the final installation of the non-mid-span section positioning pins is carried out. S8. After the welding and painting of the main assembly seams are completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings are removed, and the transverse bulkhead section is transported to the gantry crane hoisting area by flatbed truck for installation.

[0012] Further, in step S1, the multifunctional auxiliary structure component includes a tube, a connecting plate, a supporting tube, a reinforcing plate, and a supporting plate. The tube is a vertically arranged round tube, with its bottom vertically connected to the supporting tube and its side connected to the transverse bulkhead panel through the connecting plate, for inserting scaffolding tubes or railing posts.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the positioning pin body has a cylindrical structure with a round upper part and a square lower part. The part that connects to the transverse bulkhead in sections is square, and the upper part is round. The top of the positioning pin body is provided with a lifting eye plate.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, when the positioning pins of the mid-span segment are installed in the segmentation stage, the positioning pin holes of the plate at the positioning pin part are pre-drilled in the cutting stage, and the positioning pins are installed on site after the segment is formed, with the installation deviation controlled within ≤2mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the spiral lifting device of the movable adjusting steel pier is used for fine adjustment of the segment height direction, and the rollers are used for segment movement in the horizontal plane.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S6, the precision adjustment includes horizontal position adjustment, front-back position adjustment and segment distance adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, rigid electric welding is performed to fix the connection.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S7, the edge positioning pins of non-mid-segment segments are positioned according to the mid-segment positioning pins to ensure that the spacing meets the design requirements.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S8, during the overall assembly construction, scaffolding pipes or railing posts are inserted into the support tubes of the multi-functional auxiliary structural component to build temporary railings. After the overall assembly seam welding and painting are completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings are removed, and the transverse bulkhead section is transported to the gantry crane hoisting area using a flatbed truck for installation. During installation, scaffolding pipes or railing posts are inserted into the tubes of the multi-functional auxiliary structural component to build temporary railings. After the installation work is completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings in the tubes are removed, and the multi-functional auxiliary structural component is retained as a permanent structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the locating pins are welded using a symmetrical welding method to reduce segmented torsional deformation caused by the welding of the locating pins.

[0020] Furthermore, when the transverse bulkhead is divided into two or more sections, each section is transported, precision adjusted, and assembled in sequence according to the same principle.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides an optimization method for ship transverse bulkhead structures and its segmented assembly method. This method allows for the ground assembly of transverse bulkhead segments without requiring large gantry cranes, utilizing flatbed trucks and mobile adjusting piers. Furthermore, the use of locating pin distances effectively ensures the accuracy requirements of the segmented assembly, while permanent tooling structural components facilitate the construction of temporary railings during the assembly and loading phases. It possesses the following specific advantages: (1) No need to occupy large gantry crane resources during the assembly process: This invention uses flatbed trucks to transport transverse bulkhead sections from the section manufacturing site to the assembly site, and uses mobile adjustment piers to complete the precise positioning and adjustment of the sections. The entire assembly process does not require the participation of large gantry cranes for hoisting. Compared with the existing technology that requires the sections to be hoisted to the gantry crane coverage area for assembly, this invention can make full use of the vacant space in the shipyard's non-gantry crane coverage area for assembly operations, effectively alleviating the problem of tight assembly site resources next to the slipway or dock. Taking a 9000TEU container ship as an example, it can reduce the construction site by about 10,000 square meters, and at the same time greatly reduce the requirements for off-site assembly sites, eliminating the need for gantry cranes to hoist sections, saving equipment costs of about 10 million yuan.

[0022] (2) Compatibility and shared use of temporary scaffolding and guardrails: By setting a permanent multi-functional auxiliary structural component on the top of the transverse bulkhead panel, scaffolding tubes or guardrail posts can be inserted during both the assembly and installation stages, achieving compatibility and shared use of construction scaffolding and edge guardrails across different construction stages. Compared to the repetitive operations of erecting and dismantling temporary scaffolding separately during the assembly and installation stages in the traditional method, this invention significantly reduces the workload of repeatedly erecting and dismantling temporary construction scaffolding and edge guardrails, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0023] (3) The installation process of the hatch cover positioning pins is moved forward: the positioning pins of the mid-span section are installed during the sectioning stage, and the other positioning pins are finally installed during the final assembly stage. This moves the installation of the positioning pins from the traditional assembly stage to the sectioning or final assembly stage, which can better ensure the accuracy requirements of the sectioning and final assembly. The structural design of the positioning pin with a round upper part and a square lower part facilitates welding positioning and construction during the sectioning stage, and the permanent lifting eye plate on the top eliminates the need for repeated welding and cutting of the traditional temporary lifting ring. Moving the installation process of the positioning pins forward effectively shortens the final assembly cycle and improves production efficiency.

[0024] (4) The precision adjustment is flexible and efficient: the spiral lifting device at the upper end of the movable steel pier can realize the precise fine adjustment of the section height, and the roller at the lower end can realize the flexible movement of the section in the horizontal plane, so that the centering precision adjustment between the transverse bulkhead sections does not require repeated hoisting and coordination by large gantry cranes, making the operation simple and efficient.

[0025] (5) Wide range of applications: This invention is not only applicable to the assembly of transverse bulkheads of container ships, but can also be extended to the assembly of transverse bulkheads of other ship types and similar large plate frame structures. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the transverse bulkhead segment structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the transverse bulkhead segment structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA sectional view.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Side view of the center locating pin from direction C.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Sectional view A-1.

[0032] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the railing of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary erection of the railing during the mounting phase of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a sectional view of the railing during the construction and assembly phases of the present invention.

[0035] in: 1. Port side section of transverse bulkhead; 2. Starboard side section of transverse bulkhead; 3. Hatch coaming top plate; 4. Forward bulkhead plate of transverse bulkhead; 5. Aft bulkhead plate of transverse bulkhead; 6. Portal locating pin; 7. Center locating pin; 8. Starboard locating pin; 8.1. Locating pin lifting lug; 8.2. Locating pin base plate; 8.3. Multifunctional auxiliary structure component; 9. Insertion tube; 9.1. Connecting plate; 9.2. Supporting insertion tube; 9.3. Reinforcing plate; 9.4. Support plate; 9.5. Railing; 10. Railing post; 10.1. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with relevant illustrations. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the technical solution of the present invention, but are merely possible implementations of the technical solution of the present invention. It should be noted that the descriptions of the positional relationships of the components herein, such as component A being located above component B, are based on the relative positions of the components in the illustrations and are not intended to limit the actual positional relationships of the components.

[0037] See Figure 1-9 , Figure 1 A top view of the transverse bulkhead segment structure involved in this invention is shown. As illustrated, a method for optimizing a ship's transverse bulkhead structure and assembling its segments according to this invention includes the following steps: S1. Division and construction of transverse bulkhead sections; The transverse bulkheads are divided into sections according to standard requirements. The sections of the transverse bulkheads are constructed using conventional processes. Multifunctional auxiliary structural components are installed on the top of the front and rear bulkhead panels. These components are permanent structures used for the subsequent insertion of scaffolding pipes or railing posts, enabling compatibility and shared use of the top construction scaffolding and temporary railings during the overall assembly and installation phases.

[0038] S2. Segmented installation of positioning pins; When constructing transverse bulkhead sections, two locating pins are installed on the mid-span section: one is located near the top hatch cover of the mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the mid-span section, and the other is located between the dividing line of the transverse bulkhead section and the centerline of the ship, called the center locating pin; one locating pin is installed on the non-mid-span section, located near the top hatch cover of the non-mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the non-mid-span section, which is symmetrical to the side locating pin of the mid-span section about the centerline of the ship.

[0039] The locating pins for the top hatch cover accessories of the mid-section are installed during the sectioning phase. Other locating pins are only temporarily fixed by spot welding during the sectioning phase, and are then installed according to the hatch cover size requirements during the final assembly phase. The locating pin body structure is round at the top and square at the bottom; that is, the part connecting to the transverse bulkhead section structure is square, while the upper part is round to facilitate the insertion of the hatch cover during hoisting. The top of the locating pin body is equipped with a hoisting eye plate to facilitate the transportation, hoisting, and section installation of the locating pin.

[0040] S3, Setting of movable adjustable bearing piers; When the non-span transverse bulkhead section is completed and the scaffolding is removed, movable and adjustable steel supports are installed at the surrounding strong structures. The upper end of the support is equipped with a spiral lifting device and is temporarily welded and fixed to the transverse bulkhead. The lower end is equipped with rollers to facilitate small-range left, right, forward and backward movement and adjustment during the overall construction of the transverse bulkhead section.

[0041] S4. Cross-span benchmark segmented transportation and positioning; The mid-span transverse bulkhead sections are transported by flatbed truck to a site outside the slipway / dock area and without gantry cranes for section hoisting. The mid-span transverse bulkhead sections are placed on pre-arranged pier frames for reference positioning. After positioning, the flatbed trucks are removed from the site.

[0042] S5. Sectional transport and precision adjustment on the other side; The other transverse bulkhead section was transported by flatbed truck, along with the movable, adjustable steel piers rigidly connected to its surrounding structural supports, to the merging point of the reference positioning section. The horizontal position, fore-aft position, and inter-section distance of this transverse bulkhead section were then precisely adjusted relative to the original mid-span reference positioning transverse bulkhead section.

[0043] S6. Segmented connection and fixing; After the precision adjustment meets the standards, the transverse bulkheads on both sides are rigidly connected and fixed by electric welding. If a transverse bulkhead is divided into more than two sections, the same principle is followed to transport, adjust the precision, and assemble each section in sequence.

[0044] S7. Final installation of the locating pin; After the positioning, assembly, and connection of the transverse bulkhead sections are completed, the locating pins for the non-mid-span sections are installed. The side locating pins of the non-mid-span sections in the bulkhead are positioned according to the center locating pins to ensure that the spacing meets the design requirements.

[0045] S8. Assembly seam welding and painting; After all assembly work on the transverse bulkhead section is completed, welding and painting of the assembly seams will commence. During the welding process, scaffolding pipes inserted into the multi-functional auxiliary structural components provide a working platform for construction workers, while temporary railings ensure operational safety.

[0046] S9, overall transportation and loading; After the assembly of the transverse bulkhead sections is completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings are removed, while the multi-functional auxiliary structural components are retained as permanent structures. During the installation phase, scaffolding pipes are then inserted along the height of the transverse bulkhead as protective railings for the construction edges. The transverse bulkhead sections are transported to the dock or slipway area where they can be lifted by large gantry cranes, and then installed using these cranes.

[0047] The multifunctional auxiliary structure component includes a tube, a connecting plate, a supporting tube, a reinforcing plate, and a supporting plate. The tube is a vertically arranged circular tube, inserted into the scaffolding tube during the assembly phase to form an edge protection railing. A horizontally placed supporting tube is located at the bottom, inserted into the scaffolding tube during segmented or assembly phases to form an edge protection railing. The tube and supporting tube are vertically connected. One end of the supporting tube is welded to the bottom end of the tube, and the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the front or rear bulkhead of the transverse bulkhead. The side of the tube is connected to the transverse bulkhead panel via a connecting plate. A reinforcing plate is arranged parallel to the inner wall of the transverse bulkhead panel, and a supporting plate is located at the bottom of the reinforcing plate.

[0048] The square structure at the bottom of the positioning pin facilitates welding positioning and precision control in segmented stages, while the circular structure at the top facilitates guiding insertion during hatch cover hoisting. The thickness of the hoisting eye plate of the positioning pin body is not less than 15mm.

[0049] The spiral lifting device at the upper end of the movable adjustable steel pier can achieve fine adjustment of the segment height, and the rollers at the lower end can achieve small-range forward, backward and left and right movement of the segments in the horizontal plane. Precision adjustment does not require the cooperation of a large gantry crane.

[0050] When installing the top hatch cover accessory positioning pins of the mid-span section in the segmented stage, the positioning pin holes should be pre-drilled in the plate material of the positioning pin part during the cutting process. After the segment is formed, the holes should be enlarged on site according to the positioning pin layout drawing and the positioning pins should be installed with the deviation controlled within ≤2mm.

[0051] Example 1: Dual-fuel container ship transverse bulkhead section without gantry crane assembly; This embodiment 1 relates to a method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly. Taking a dual-fuel container ship as an example, the ship's cargo hold area has seven transverse bulkheads, which are divided into two segments on the port and starboard sides. This embodiment describes the assembly process of one of the transverse bulkhead segments.

[0052] S1. Division and construction of transverse bulkhead sections; The transverse bulkhead is conventionally divided into port and starboard sections: port section 1 and starboard section 2. Both sections are topped with hatch coamings 3, have a forward bulkhead 4 at the front, and a rear bulkhead 5 at the rear. In this embodiment, starboard section 2 is a mid-span section. The transverse bulkhead sections are constructed using conventional methods.

[0053] Multiple evenly distributed multi-functional auxiliary structural components 9 are installed on the top of the forward bulkhead 4 and the aft bulkhead 5 of the transverse bulkhead. The multi-functional auxiliary structural components 9 on the forward bulkhead 4 and the aft bulkhead 5 correspond one-to-one and are arranged symmetrically. Each multi-functional auxiliary structural component 9 includes a tube 9.1, a connecting plate 9.2, a supporting tube 9.3, a reinforcing plate 9.4, and a supporting plate 9.5.

[0054] In this embodiment, the insertion tube 9.1 is a cylindrical tube with a diameter of 42 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm, and is vertically arranged. A horizontally positioned supporting insertion tube 9.3 is provided at the bottom of the insertion tube 9.1, and the insertion tube 9.1 and the supporting insertion tube 9.3 are welded perpendicularly. The top surface of one end of the supporting insertion tube 9.3 is welded to the bottom end of the insertion tube 9.1, and the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the front bulkhead 4 or the rear bulkhead 5 of the transverse bulkhead. The side of the insertion tube 9.1 is connected to the transverse bulkhead wall panel via a connecting plate 9.2 (plate thickness 12 mm), and the bottom surface of the connecting plate 9.2 is provided on the supporting insertion tube 9.3. A reinforcing plate 9.4 (plate thickness 12 mm) is provided parallel to the inner wall of the transverse bulkhead wall panel, and a supporting plate 9.5 is provided at the bottom of the reinforcing plate 9.4, which is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the transverse bulkhead wall panel. After the segmented construction and completion, scaffolding pipes or railing posts 10.1 can be inserted into the insert pipes 9.1 and support insert pipes 9.3 as needed, so as to facilitate the compatibility and sharing of the top construction scaffolding and temporary railings 10 during segmentation, assembly and installation.

[0055] S2. Segmented installation of positioning pins; The starboard section 2 of the transverse bulkhead is a mid-span section, which is equipped with two locating pins: a starboard locating pin 8 and a center locating pin 7. The starboard locating pin 8 is located near the top hatch cover of the starboard section 2 of the transverse bulkhead, and the center locating pin 7 is located between the dividing line of the transverse bulkhead section and the centerline of the ship. The port section 1 of the transverse bulkhead is equipped with one locating pin: a port locating pin 6. The port locating pin 6 is located near the top hatch cover of the port side of the transverse bulkhead and is symmetrical to the starboard locating pin 8 about the centerline of the ship.

[0056] The three locating pins have the same structure. For example... Figure 5As shown, the right-side positioning pin 8 includes a positioning pin body 8.1, which has a cylindrical structure with a round upper part and a square lower part. The part connecting to the transverse bulkhead segment structure is square to facilitate segmented construction, while the upper part is round to facilitate the hoisting and insertion of the hatch cover. The top surface of the positioning pin body 8.1 is provided with a positioning pin lifting lug 8.2, which is 15mm thick to facilitate the transportation, hoisting, and segmented installation of the positioning pin. The bottom of the positioning pin body 8.1 is provided with a positioning pin base plate 8.3, which is placed horizontally between the front bulkhead plate 4 and the rear bulkhead plate 5 of the transverse bulkhead.

[0057] The installation of the top hatch cover locating pins for the mid-section is completed during the sectioning stage, specifically the installation of the right-hand locating pin 8 and the center locating pin 7 for the starboard section 2 of the transverse bulkhead. The locating pin holes are pre-drilled in the plate material at the locating pin locations of the transverse bulkhead sections during material cutting, with each side of the hole being 10mm smaller than the locating pin. After the section is formed, the holes are enlarged on-site according to the locating pin layout drawing, and the locating pins are installed with a deviation controlled to ≤2mm. The locating pins must be measured and inspected according to the dimensions on the drawings before and after welding. The dimensions on the drawings include the distance from the centerline and the distance from the inner wall of the cargo hold; the measurement data must be recorded.

[0058] The center locating pin 7 is positioned along the center line, and the side locating pins (left locating pin 6 and right locating pin 8) are positioned along the center locating pin 7 to ensure proper spacing. When welding the qualified locating pins, attention should be paid to symmetrical welding to reduce segmental twisting deformation caused by welding.

[0059] The left locating pin 6 of the port side section 1 of the transverse bulkhead is only temporarily fixed by spot welding during the sectioning stage, and is then installed according to the hatch cover size requirements during the final assembly stage.

[0060] S3, Setting of movable adjustable bearing piers; For the non-mid-span transverse bulkhead section, specifically transverse bulkhead section 1 on the port side, movable adjustable steel piers are installed at the surrounding strong structural points during the final installation of the formwork. These movable adjustable steel piers have a screw-lifting device at the upper end and are temporarily welded to the transverse bulkhead, while rollers are installed at the lower end. The screw-lifting device allows for precise fine-tuning of the section height, with an adjustment accuracy of ±1mm, and the rollers allow for small-range forward, backward, left, and right movement of the section within the horizontal plane.

[0061] S4. Cross-span benchmark segmented transportation and positioning; The transverse bulkhead section, namely the starboard section 2, was transported by flatbed truck to a site outside the slipway / dock area and without gantry cranes for section installation. The starboard section 2 was placed on a pre-arranged pier frame for reference positioning, and the flatbed truck was removed from the site after positioning was completed.

[0062] S5. Sectional transport and precision adjustment on the other side; The port transverse bulkhead section 1, along with its rigidly connected movable adjusting steel piers at its surrounding structural supports, was transported to the reference positioning section joining point using a flatbed truck. The port transverse bulkhead section 1 and the starboard transverse bulkhead section 2 were precisely adjusted for horizontal position, fore-aft position, and inter-section distance using the movable adjusting piers' screw-lifting device and rollers. During adjustment, the section height was fine-tuned by rotating the screw-lifting device, and the section's horizontal position was adjusted by pushing the rollers on the ground.

[0063] S6. Segmented connection and fixing; After the precision adjustment meets the standard, the port side transverse bulkhead section 1 and the starboard side transverse bulkhead section 2 are rigidly connected and fixed by electric welding to form a complete transverse bulkhead section.

[0064] S7. Final installation of the locating pin; After the positioning, assembly, and connection of the transverse bulkhead section are completed, the final installation of the left-side positioning pin 6 is carried out. The left-side positioning pin 6 is positioned according to the center positioning pin 7 to ensure that the spacing meets the hatch cover design requirements.

[0065] S8. Assembly seam welding and painting; After all assembly work on the transverse bulkhead section is completed, welding and painting of the assembly seams are carried out. During the welding of the assembly seams, scaffolding pipes or railing posts 10.1 are inserted into the support tubes 9.3 of the multi-functional auxiliary structure component 9 to build temporary railings 10: the bottom ends of multiple railing posts 10.1 are inserted into the support tubes 9.3 of each multi-functional auxiliary structure component 9, and each railing post 10.1 has two fixing rings at the top. The transverse railing is set on the railing post 10.1 through the fixing rings to form a safety protection for the construction personnel's working platform.

[0066] S9, overall transportation and loading; After the assembly of the transverse bulkhead section is completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings 10 are removed, leaving the multi-functional auxiliary structure component 9 as the permanent structure. The transverse bulkhead section is transported to a dry dock or slipway area where it can be lifted by a large gantry crane, and then hoisted using the crane for installation. During installation, scaffolding pipes or railing posts 10.1 are inserted into the insertion pipes 9.1 of the multi-functional auxiliary structure component 9 to erect temporary railings 10. After installation, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings 10 in the insertion pipes 9.1 are removed, leaving the multi-functional auxiliary structure component 9 as the permanent structure.

[0067] Example 2: Multi-batch assembly of transverse bulkhead sections of ultra-large container ships; This embodiment 2 relates to a method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the transverse bulkhead is larger and heavier. The transverse bulkhead of a 24,000 TEU container ship is approximately 56m in width and 33m in height, with a single segment weighing approximately 80-280 tons. Furthermore, the assembly of multiple transverse bulkhead segments needs to be carried out simultaneously.

[0068] Multiple batches of overall group layout: Multiple assembly workstations are planned in areas not covered by the gantry crane, with each workstation pre-positioned with a support frame. The assembly process for each transverse bulkhead section is the same as in Example 1, with multiple workstations operating in parallel. Flatbed truck passageways are reserved between each workstation to ensure smooth transportation. Assembly is carried out in batches of three transverse bulkhead sections, with all three assembly workstations operating simultaneously.

[0069] Transportation organization optimization: The mid-span reference section is transported to each workstation for reference positioning, and the non-mid-span sections at each workstation are transported to their respective positions sequentially according to the overall assembly schedule. Flatbed trucks circulate between workstations, enabling efficient assembly of multiple batches of transverse bulkhead sections. After assembly, each transverse bulkhead section is transported sequentially by flatbed truck to the gantry crane hoisting area for loading.

[0070] Example 3: LNG ship transverse bulkhead section without gantry crane assembly; This embodiment 3 applies the present invention to the assembly of transverse bulkhead sections of an LNG carrier. The transverse bulkhead structure of an LNG carrier involves cryogenic steel materials and special insulation layer installation requirements.

[0071] Low-temperature steel welding process compatibility: The transverse bulkhead is made of 9% Ni steel, and the overall assembly seam welding requires a specialized low-temperature steel welding process. Before the overall assembly seam welding, the segmented docking positions are precisely adjusted using the helical lifting device of the movable adjusting pier to ensure that the weld gap and misalignment meet the requirements of the low-temperature steel welding process. During the overall assembly seam welding process, the scaffolding pipes inserted into the multi-functional auxiliary structural components provide a stable working platform for the welders.

[0072] Insulation layer construction coordination: After the welding and painting of the transverse bulkhead sections are completed in the assembly stage, the sections can be transported to a dedicated site by flatbed truck for the early installation of the insulation layer. This realizes the forward movement of the insulation layer installation process and further shortens the dock cycle.

[0073] Working principle: This invention provides a method for optimizing ship transverse bulkhead structures and assembling their sections, which works collaboratively based on the following core mechanisms: (1) Planar transportation and positioning mechanism of flatbed truck and mobile pier: The transverse bulkhead sections are transported horizontally from the section manufacturing site to the assembly site using flatbed trucks, eliminating the reliance on vertical lifting by large gantry cranes. The spiral lifting device at the upper end of the mobile adjustable steel pier provides precise fine-tuning capability in the height direction of the section, and the rollers at the lower end provide small-range movement capability in the horizontal plane, so that the precise positioning of the section in the assembly site does not require repeated lifting by large gantry cranes.

[0074] (2) Permanent compatibility design mechanism of multifunctional auxiliary structural components: The multifunctional auxiliary structural components are installed as permanent structural parts on the top of the transverse bulkhead panels, and their inserts are compatible with the insertion of scaffolding pipes and railing posts. This design allows the construction scaffolding and edge railings in the assembly and installation phases to share the same insert structure. After each phase of construction is completed, only the scaffolding pipes and railing posts need to be removed, without the need to dismantle and rebuild the auxiliary components themselves. Compared with the traditional method of erecting and dismantling temporary scaffolding separately in the assembly and installation phases, this significantly reduces the amount of repetitive work.

[0075] (3) Mechanism for advancing the installation of locating pins in sections and completing the assembly in the final stage: The locating pins of the mid-span sections are fully installed during the sectioning stage, while the locating pins of the non-mid-span sections are temporarily fixed by spot welding during the sectioning stage and finally installed in the final assembly stage. The structural design of the locating pins with a round upper part and a square lower part facilitates welding positioning and construction accuracy control during the sectioning stage, and the permanent lifting eye plate at the top eliminates the need for repeated welding and cutting of the traditional temporary lifting rings. Advancing the installation of locating pins from the traditional mounting stage to the sectioning or final assembly stage allows the installation of hatch cover accessories to be completed under better construction conditions.

[0076] (4) Optimization mechanism for assembly site resources: Since the assembly process does not require the participation of large gantry cranes, the assembly site can be expanded from the traditional gantry crane coverage area to any vacant site in the shipyard that is accessible to flatbed trucks. This increased flexibility in site selection allows the shipyard to make full use of areas not covered by gantry cranes for the assembly of transverse bulkhead sections, effectively alleviating the resource shortage of assembly sites next to the slipway or dock.

[0077] The above are merely specific application examples of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformations or equivalent substitutions fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The transverse bulkheads are constructed in sections, and multi-functional auxiliary structural components are installed on the top of the front and rear bulkheads of the transverse bulkheads. S2. When constructing transverse bulkhead sections, two locating pins are installed on the mid-span section: one is located near the top hatch cover of the mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the mid-span section, and the other is located between the dividing line of the transverse bulkhead section and the centerline of the ship, called the center locating pin; one locating pin is installed on non-mid-span sections, located near the top hatch cover of the non-mid-span section, called the side locating pin of the non-mid-span section, which is symmetrical to the side locating pin of the mid-span section about the centerline of the ship. The locating pins for hatch covers in the mid-span section are installed during the sectioning stage, while the locating pins for non-mid-span sections are temporarily fixed by spot welding during the sectioning stage. S3. After the non-span transverse bulkhead is constructed in sections, movable and adjustable steel piers are installed at the surrounding strong structures. The upper end of the pier is equipped with a spiral lifting device, and the lower end is equipped with rollers. S4. The cross-section of the transverse bulkhead is transported to the assembly site by flatbed truck and placed on the pier frame for reference positioning. S5. Use a flatbed truck to transport the other side transverse bulkhead section along with its movable adjustable steel pier to the reference positioning section joining point. S6. After precision adjustment of the transverse bulkhead sections on both sides using movable adjustable steel piers, the sections are welded and fixed. S7. After the transverse bulkhead section is assembled, the final installation of the non-mid-span section positioning pins is carried out. S8. After the welding and painting of the main assembly seams are completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings are removed, and the transverse bulkhead section is transported to the gantry crane hoisting area by flatbed truck for installation.

2. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the multifunctional auxiliary structure component includes a tube, a connecting plate, a supporting tube, a reinforcing plate, and a supporting plate. The tube is a vertically arranged round tube with its bottom vertically connected to the supporting tube and its side connected to the transverse bulkhead panel through the connecting plate. It is used to insert scaffolding tubes or railing posts.

3. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the positioning pin body has a cylindrical structure with a round upper part and a square lower part. The part that connects to the transverse bulkhead is square, and the upper part is round. The top of the positioning pin body is provided with a lifting eye plate.

4. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when the positioning pins of the mid-span segment are installed in the segmentation stage, the positioning pin holes of the plate at the positioning pin part are pre-drilled in the cutting stage. After the segment is formed, the holes are enlarged on site and the positioning pins are installed. The installation deviation is controlled within ≤2mm.

5. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spiral lifting device of the movable adjusting steel pier is used for fine adjustment of the segment height direction, and the rollers are used for segment movement in the horizontal plane.

6. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the precision adjustment includes horizontal position adjustment, front-back position adjustment and segment distance adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, rigid electric welding is used to fix the connection.

7. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the edge positioning pins of non-mid-segment segments are positioned according to the mid-segment positioning pins to ensure that the spacing meets the design requirements.

8. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, during the overall assembly construction, scaffolding pipes or railing posts are inserted into the support tubes of the multi-functional auxiliary structure component to build temporary railings. After the overall assembly seam welding and painting are completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings are removed, and the transverse bulkhead section is transported to the gantry crane hoisting area using a flatbed truck for installation. During installation, scaffolding pipes or railing posts are inserted into the tubes of the multi-functional auxiliary structure component to build temporary railings. After the installation work is completed, the temporary scaffolding pipes and temporary railings in the tubes are removed, and the multi-functional auxiliary structure component is retained as a permanent structure.

9. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locating pins are welded using a symmetrical welding method to reduce segmented torsional deformation caused by welding.

10. The method for optimizing the transverse bulkhead structure of a ship and its segmented assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the transverse bulkhead is divided into two or more sections, each section is transported, precision adjusted, and assembled in sequence according to the same principle.

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