Adaptive variable load anti-crash seat energy absorption structure

Abstract

The application relates to a self-adaptive variable-load anti-crash seat energy-absorbing structure, and relates to the technical field of mechanical energy-absorbing structures. The self-adaptive variable-load anti-crash seat energy-absorbing structure comprises a seat skeleton connected with a seat body, an energy-absorbing assembly is arranged in the seat skeleton, the energy-absorbing assembly comprises a height adjusting plate, an upper sliding block, a lower sliding block, a main energy-absorbing plate, an upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and a wear-reducing sheet, the height adjusting plate is fixed on the seat skeleton, the upper sliding block is fixedly connected with the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate, the lower sliding block is fixedly connected with the main energy-absorbing plate, the main energy-absorbing plate and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate are fixed on the height adjusting plate, the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate is arranged above the main energy-absorbing plate, the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block are slidably connected in the seat skeleton respectively, and the wear-reducing sheet is embedded in the side portions of the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block. The self-adaptive variable-load anti-crash seat energy-absorbing structure has the effects of increasing the energy-absorbing range of the seat, increasing the applicable population, improving the survival rate of the seat in anti-crash and greatly saving the energy-absorbing stroke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mechanical energy-absorbing structures, and in particular to an adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy-absorbing structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of aviation technology, helicopters have been widely used in military, civilian, and other fields. Helicopter safety has always been a major concern, especially in the event of a crash, where ensuring the safety of passengers and pilots is a pressing issue. As a crucial component of helicopter safety systems, the performance of crash-safe seats directly impacts the chances of survival. Improving the performance of crash-safe seats not only provides more reliable protection for personnel but also enhances public confidence in helicopter safety and promotes the further development of the helicopter industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, the conventional approach to protecting personnel during helicopter crashes primarily relies on traditional crash seats. These seats mostly absorb the energy generated during a crash through simple cushioning structures, such as rubber pads and springs. Some seats also incorporate basic energy-absorbing devices, such as deformable metal energy absorbers, which dissipate energy through the plastic deformation of the metal material. Other seats feature structural optimizations that increase the connection strength between the seat and the fuselage to disperse the impact force.

[0004] However, existing helicopter crash seats have significant drawbacks. Current crash seats primarily offer a certain level of crash safety and are applicable only to a narrow range of individuals, typically within a specific percentile. Existing adaptive variable load helicopter crash seats cannot meet the market's demand for expanding the applicable population and improving crash safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the crashworthiness of seats, this application provides an adaptive variable load crash-resistant seat energy absorption structure.

[0006] This application provides an adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure with the following technical solution: An adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure includes a seat frame connected to the seat body. An energy absorption component is installed inside the seat frame. The energy absorption component includes a height adjustment plate, an upper slider, a lower slider, a main energy absorption plate, an upper auxiliary energy absorption plate, and a wear-reducing plate. The height adjustment plate is fixed to the seat frame. The upper slider is fixedly connected to the upper auxiliary energy absorption plate. The lower slider is fixedly connected to the main energy absorption plate. The main energy absorption plate and the upper auxiliary energy absorption plate are fixedly connected. On the height adjustment plate, with the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate positioned above the main energy-absorbing plate, the upper slider and the lower slider are slidably connected within the seat frame, and the abrasion-reducing pad is embedded in the sides of the upper slider and the lower slider. Upon impact, the height adjustment plate remains fixed, the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction within the space defined between the upper slider and the height adjustment plate to absorb energy, and the main energy-absorbing plate undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction within the space defined between the lower slider and the height adjustment plate to absorb energy.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, energy-absorbing components installed inside the chair frame can absorb energy during a fall. The upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and the main energy-absorbing plate undergo plastic deformation along the height direction within the space defined by the corresponding slider and the height adjustment plate, effectively absorbing the fall energy. At the same time, the friction-reducing plates are embedded in the sides of the upper and lower sliders, effectively reducing the frictional resistance of the two sliding within the chair frame, ensuring smooth and stable changes in seat height. Energy absorption is achieved through the plastic deformation of the energy-absorbing plates. The working principle is reliable, with fewer parts, convenient assembly, low processing and maintenance costs, strong practicality, and improved user experience and service life of the mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the chair frame is provided with a leg groove that is arranged along its own height direction, and the energy-absorbing component is placed in the leg groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a sliding groove is opened on the seat frame along its own height direction and the energy-absorbing structure is placed in the sliding groove. This provides a guiding effect for the energy-absorbing structure, making the upper and lower sliders slide more smoothly and stably in the seat frame. This ensures that the energy-absorbing components can work in the predetermined direction and manner during a fall, effectively absorbing energy.

[0010] Optionally, the main energy-absorbing plate is divided into a high-speed deceleration section, a buffer section, and an adaptive variable load section along its height. The high-speed deceleration section is used to provide high drag to achieve rapid deceleration in the initial high-speed state of the impact. The buffer section is used to reduce drag in the medium-speed stage to control the occupant acceleration below the physiological injury threshold. The adaptive variable load section is used to generate differentiated plastic deformation according to the occupant mass difference in the low-speed stage to adapt to the energy absorption needs of people with different weights.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the high-speed deceleration section of the main energy-absorbing plate can provide high resistance at high speed in the initial stage of impact, enabling rapid deceleration; the buffer section can reduce resistance at medium speed, controlling the occupant acceleration below the physiological injury threshold; and the adaptive variable load section can generate differentiated plastic deformation based on the occupant mass difference at low speed, thereby adapting to the energy absorption needs of people of different weights.

[0012] Optionally, the high-speed deceleration section, buffer section, and adaptive load-changing section of the main energy-absorbing plate are integrally formed along the axial direction, and the three sections are connected by a gradual transition of cross sections. A shrinkage edge is provided at the connection between the buffer section and the adaptive load-changing section, and the acute angle formed by the shrinkage edge and the axis of the main energy-absorbing plate is 20 degrees to 45 degrees.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-speed deceleration section, buffer section and adaptive load-changing section of the main energy-absorbing plate are integrally formed along the axial direction and connected with a gradual transition in cross-section, which makes the energy absorption process of the main energy-absorbing plate more continuous and stable at different stages. The connection between the buffer section and the adaptive load-changing section is provided with a shrinkage edge, and the shrinkage edge forms an acute angle of 20 degrees to 45 degrees with the axis of the main energy-absorbing plate, which helps to better switch the energy absorption state at different stages and improve the energy absorption efficiency and adaptability.

[0014] Optionally, the installation positions of the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and the main energy-absorbing plate on the height adjustment plate can be interchanged.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation positions of the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and the main energy-absorbing plate can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the energy-absorbing structure and better meeting different impact energy absorption scenarios and requirements.

[0016] Optionally, the height adjustment plate is provided with multiple locking holes, which are equidistant from each other along the height direction of the height adjustment plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple locking holes are equidistantly arranged along the height direction on the height adjustment plate, which can realize the adjustment and locking of the seat height to meet the needs of different users or usage scenarios.

[0018] Optionally, the friction-reducing plate is a rectangular thin sheet structure, with its two ends embedded in the slots on the sides of the upper slider and the lower slider, respectively, and its outer side surface in parallel contact with the inner wall surface of the chair leg groove.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction reducing plate is a rectangular thin sheet structure with the upper and lower slider side slots embedded at both ends. The outer side is in parallel contact with the inner wall of the chair leg slide groove, which can reduce the friction force when the upper and lower slider slides in the chair frame, so that the energy absorption component works more smoothly during impact, and improves the energy absorption efficiency and reliability of the energy absorption structure.

[0020] Optionally, the upper slider has a first threaded hole, and a first screw is threaded into the first threaded hole. The first screw is threaded into the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate, and the upper slider and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate are fixedly connected by the first screw. The lower slider has a second threaded hole, and a second screw is threaded into the second threaded hole. The second screw is threaded into the main energy-absorbing plate, and the lower slider and the main energy-absorbing plate are fixedly connected by the second screw.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper slider and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate are fixed by the first screw threaded connection at the first threaded hole, and the lower slider and the main energy-absorbing plate are fixed by the second screw threaded connection at the second threaded hole, ensuring that the upper slider and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and the lower slider and the main energy-absorbing plate are firmly connected, so that the energy-absorbing component can stably play its energy-absorbing role during impact.

[0022] Optionally, a first anchor is provided on the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and fixed to the height adjustment plate, and a second anchor is provided on the main energy-absorbing plate and fixed to the height adjustment plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate is fixed to the height adjustment plate using the first anchor and the main energy-absorbing plate is fixed to the height adjustment plate using the second anchor. This ensures that the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate and the main energy-absorbing plate can undergo stable plastic deformation relative to the height adjustment plate to absorb energy during impact, thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the energy-absorbing structure.

[0024] Optionally, the adaptive load-varying section of the main energy-absorbing plate is provided with three sets of parallel V-shaped cuts along the axial direction. Each set includes two symmetrically arranged V-shaped cuts, with the opening direction of each V-shaped cut facing the stress end of the main energy-absorbing plate. The width of the plate between adjacent sets of V-shaped cuts gradually decreases. By adopting the above technical solution, during the low-speed phase of the impact, when the adaptive variable load section of the main energy-absorbing plate is subjected to axial force, the three sets of parallel V-shaped cuts can guide plastic deformation. Since the plate width between adjacent sets of V-shaped cuts gradually decreases, the force applied by occupants of different weights will cause the main energy-absorbing plate to produce differentiated plastic deformation, thereby adapting to the energy absorption needs of people of different weights.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The main energy-absorbing plate and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate are integrated into a design, which allows for arbitrary adjustment of the required energy-absorbing plate force within the limited space of the chair leg slide groove. The structure is simple and reduces the need for additional manual load-changing design. 2. The main energy-absorbing panel is designed in three sections, which can increase the crash survivability rate from 85% to 95%, expand the applicable population to the 3rd to 98th percentiles, greatly save the energy absorption stroke, and conform to the space that current rotorcraft helicopters can provide; 3. The high-speed deceleration section of the main energy-absorbing plate can quickly dissipate energy in the early stage of the impact, so that the speed drops rapidly and the braking distance is reduced in the later stage. The buffer section can effectively reduce the acceleration felt by the passengers to not exceed the injury threshold. The adaptive load section can adaptively absorb the impact energy according to the weight after the speed decreases. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main energy-absorbing plate according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking hole structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-speed deceleration section in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] In the diagram, 1. Seat body; 2. Seat frame; 21. Leg slide; 3. Energy absorption assembly; 31. Upper slider; 311. First threaded hole; 32. First screw; 33. Upper auxiliary energy absorption plate; 34. Height adjustment plate; 341. Locking hole; 35. Main energy absorption plate; 351. High-speed deceleration section; 352. Buffer section; 353. Adaptive variable load section; 36. Wear-reducing plate; 37. Lower slider; 371. Second threaded hole; 38. Second screw; 39. First anchor; 310. Second anchor; 4. Bolt; 5. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0029] An embodiment of this application is: an adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure, referring to... Figure 1 The system includes a seat frame 2 connected to the seat body 1. In this embodiment, the seat frame 2 has four sets of connecting holes 5, and bolts 4 are installed in the connecting holes. The bolts 4 are threaded onto the seat body 1, and the seat body 1 is fixed to the seat frame 2 by the bolts 4. The seat frame 2 is a mounting frame that provides support and fixation for the seat body 1 in the prior art.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3An energy-absorbing component 3 is installed inside the seat frame 2. The seat frame 2 has a leg slide groove 21 that is set along its own height direction, and the energy-absorbing component 3 is placed in the leg slide groove 21. The energy-absorbing component 3 includes a height adjustment plate 34, an upper slider 31, a lower slider 37, a main energy-absorbing plate 35, an upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33, and a wear-reducing plate 36.

[0031] The height adjustment plate 34 has multiple locking holes 341, which are equidistant from each other along the height direction of the height adjustment plate 34. In this embodiment, there are nine locking holes 341. The height adjustment plate 34 is fixed to the chair frame 2 by means of pins or other connectors. The upper slider 31 has a first threaded hole 311, and a first screw 32 is threaded into the first threaded hole 311. The first screw 32 is threaded into the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33, and the upper slider 31 and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33 are fixedly connected by the first screw 32. The lower slider 37 has a second threaded hole 371, and a second screw 38 is threaded into the second threaded hole 371. The second screw 38 is threaded into the main energy-absorbing plate 35, and the lower slider 37 and the main energy-absorbing plate 35 are fixedly connected by the second screw 38.

[0032] The upper slider 31 and the lower slider 37 are slidably connected within the seat frame 2. The abrasion-reducing plate 36 is a rectangular thin sheet structure. The side walls of the upper slider 31 and the lower slider 37 are provided with slots for the abrasion-reducing plate 36 to be inserted. The two ends of the abrasion-reducing plate 36 are respectively inserted into the slots on the sides of the upper slider 31 and the lower slider 37, and its outer side is in parallel contact with the inner wall surface of the chair leg slide groove 21. Thus, the abrasion-reducing plate 36 is embedded in the sides of the upper slider 31 and the lower slider 37.

[0033] Two first anchors 39 are inserted through the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33 and fixed to the height adjustment plate 34. Two second anchors 310 are inserted through the main energy-absorbing plate 35 and fixed to the height adjustment plate 34. The upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33 is positioned above the main energy-absorbing plate 35, and their installation positions on the height adjustment plate 34 are interchangeable. Since the force is superimposed during impact energy absorption, the width and force value of the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33 are smaller than those of the main energy-absorbing plate 35. Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The main energy-absorbing plate 35 has a thickness of 1mm-3mm. Along its height, the main energy-absorbing plate 35 is divided into a high-speed deceleration section 351, a buffer section 352, and an adaptive load-changing section 353. The high-speed deceleration section 351, the buffer section 352, and the adaptive load-changing section 353 of the main energy-absorbing plate 35 are integrally formed continuously along the axial direction. The three sections are connected by a gradual transition in cross-section. The length ratio of each section of the main energy-absorbing plate 35 in the longitudinal direction is approximately 1:1:5, which can be appropriately expanded to a corresponding range. The ratio of the widest and narrowest parts of the buffer section 352 and the adaptive load-changing section 353 is approximately 3:1.

[0034] The connection between the buffer section 352 and the adaptive load-varying section 353 is provided with a contraction edge, the acute angle formed between the contraction edge and the axis of the main energy-absorbing plate 35 is 20 degrees to 45 degrees. The adaptive load-varying section 353 of the main energy-absorbing plate 35 has three sets of parallel V-shaped cuts along the axial direction. Each set includes two symmetrically arranged V-shaped cuts. The opening direction of each V-shaped cut is towards the stress end of the main energy-absorbing plate 35, and the width of the plate body between adjacent sets of V-shaped cuts gradually decreases.

[0035] The high-speed deceleration section 351 provides high drag during the initial high-speed phase of the impact to achieve rapid deceleration. Specifically, according to the power formula P=FV, the impact velocity V is relatively high in the early stages of the impact, and the design force F of the high-speed deceleration section 351 is also relatively large. This allows for rapid energy dissipation during the high-speed deceleration phase, resulting in a rapid decrease in speed and a reduction in braking distance in the later stages. The buffer section 352 reduces drag during the medium-speed phase to control occupant acceleration below the physiological injury threshold. The adaptive variable load section 353 generates differentiated plastic deformation based on occupant mass differences during the low-speed phase to adapt to the energy absorption needs of people with different weights.

[0036] During the impact, the height adjustment plate 34 remains fixed, the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate 33 undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction within the space defined between the upper slider 31 and the height adjustment plate 34 to absorb energy, and the main energy-absorbing plate 35 undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction within the space defined between the lower slider 37 and the height adjustment plate 34 to absorb energy.

[0037] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure, comprising a seat frame (2) connected to the seat body (1), characterized in that, An energy-absorbing component (3) is installed inside the chair frame (2). The energy-absorbing component (3) includes a height adjustment plate (34), an upper slider (31), a lower slider (37), a main energy-absorbing plate (35), an upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33), and a wear-reducing plate (36). The height adjustment plate (34) is fixed to the chair frame (2). The upper slider (31) is fixedly connected to the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33). The lower slider (37) is fixedly connected to the main energy-absorbing plate (35). The main energy-absorbing plate (35) and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) are fixed on the height adjustment plate (34), and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) is placed on the main energy-absorbing plate. Above the plate (35), the upper slider (31) and the lower slider (37) are slidably connected in the seat frame (2), and the abrasion reducing plate (36) is embedded in the side of the upper slider (31) and the lower slider (37). When impacted, the height adjustment plate (34) remains fixed, the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction in the space defined between the upper slider (31) and the height adjustment plate (34) to absorb energy, and the main energy-absorbing plate (35) undergoes plastic deformation along the height direction in the space defined between the lower slider (37) and the height adjustment plate (34) to absorb energy.

2. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chair frame (2) has a leg groove (21) arranged along its own height direction, and the energy absorption component (3) is placed in the leg groove (21).

3. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main energy-absorbing plate (35) is divided into a high-speed deceleration section (351), a buffer section (352) and an adaptive load-changing section (353) along its height direction. The high-speed deceleration section (351) is used to provide high resistance in the high-speed state at the initial stage of the impact to achieve rapid deceleration. The buffer section (352) is used to reduce resistance in the medium speed stage to control the occupant acceleration below the physiological injury threshold. The adaptive load-changing section (353) is used to generate differentiated plastic deformation according to the difference in occupant mass in the low speed stage to adapt to the energy absorption needs of people with different weights.

4. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed deceleration section (351), buffer section (352) and adaptive load-changing section (353) of the main energy-absorbing plate (35) are integrally formed along the axial direction. The three sections are connected by a gradual transition of cross sections. A shrinkage edge is provided at the connection between the buffer section (352) and the adaptive load-changing section (353). The acute angle formed by the shrinkage edge and the axis of the main energy-absorbing plate (35) is 20 degrees to 45 degrees.

5. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation positions of the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) and the main energy-absorbing plate (35) on the height adjustment plate (34) are interchangeable.

6. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment plate (34) is provided with a plurality of locking holes (341), which are equidistant from each other along the height direction of the height adjustment plate (34).

7. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The friction-reducing plate (36) is a rectangular thin sheet structure, with its two ends embedded in the slots on the sides of the upper slider (31) and the lower slider (37), respectively, and its outer side surface is in parallel contact with the inner wall surface of the chair leg groove (21).

8. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper slider (31) has a first threaded hole (311), and a first screw (32) is threaded to the first threaded hole (311). The first screw (32) is threaded to the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33). The upper slider (31) and the upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) are fixedly connected by the first screw (32). The lower slider (37) has a second threaded hole (371), and a second screw (38) is threaded to the second threaded hole (371). The second screw (38) is threaded to the main energy-absorbing plate (35). The lower slider (37) and the main energy-absorbing plate (35) are fixedly connected by the second screw (38).

9. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper auxiliary energy-absorbing plate (33) is provided with a first anchor (39), which is fixed on the height adjustment plate (34). The main energy-absorbing plate (35) is provided with a second anchor (310), which is fixed on the height adjustment plate (34).

10. The adaptive variable load anti-fall seat energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive load section (353) of the main energy-absorbing plate (35) is provided with three sets of parallel V-shaped cuts along the axial direction. Each set includes two symmetrically arranged V-shaped cuts, and the opening direction of each V-shaped cut is towards the force-bearing end of the main energy-absorbing plate (35).

Images