A garbage truck step-by-step unloading device based on a slip locking mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to the field of truck unloading technology, in particular to a garbage truck step-by-step unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism, which comprises a guide rail installed in a cargo box during use, a locking mechanism, a push plate used for pushing garbage and a step-by-step hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body and the telescopic end of the step-by-step hydraulic cylinder are connected to the push plate and the locking mechanism respectively, the locking mechanism and the push plate are both slidingly connected to the guide rail, and the guide rail is provided with locking structures used for inserting and matching the locking end of the locking mechanism at intervals along the length direction. The application can adapt to the length of the cargo box and stably unload in a relatively limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of truck unloading technology, and in particular to a garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Garbage trucks are core equipment for garbage collection and transportation. Traditional rear-tipping or side-tipping garbage trucks unload by lifting the truck bed, which has inherent drawbacks such as a shift in the center of gravity that makes them prone to tipping over, and dust and pollution generated during lifting. To address these issues, the industry has developed a push-type unloading solution that eliminates the need for a lifting truck bed. This solution uses hydraulic cylinders to drive a push plate that moves horizontally within the truck bed to push the garbage out, significantly improving safety.

[0003] In unloading technology, existing methods often employ multi-stage sleeve cylinders to push the pusher plate. This method involves installing multi-stage sleeve cylinders at the front of the cargo compartment, with the piston rods of the cylinders connected to the pusher plate. The cylinders extend stage by stage, pushing the pusher plate to eject the waste through the rear door in one go. Its structure is simple, its control logic is clear, and it is widely used in short- to medium-sized cargo compartments.

[0004] However, the multi-stage sleeve cylinder solution has the following drawbacks: First, the stroke ratio between the retracted and fully extended states of the cylinder is limited by the number of stages and the length of each stage. When the cargo box exceeds a certain length, extra-long multi-stage cylinders need to be customized, which is difficult and costly to manufacture. Second, during long-stroke operation, the piston rod of the multi-stage cylinder exhibits significant deflection after extension, reducing its pressure-bearing capacity and making it prone to bending or even breakage. Third, the numerous sealing links between each cylinder stage, coupled with long-term use in the corrosive environment of landfill leachate, increase the risk of leakage and raise maintenance costs. Furthermore, to meet length requirements, the single-section length of the multi-stage cylinder is relatively long, wasting considerable cargo box space. Therefore, how to adapt the cargo box length within a relatively limited space for stable unloading is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to achieve stable unloading within a relatively limited space by adapting to the length of the cargo box, this application provides a garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism.

[0006] This application provides a garbage truck step-by-step unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism, which adopts the following technical solution: A garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism includes a guide rail installed in the cargo box during use, a locking mechanism, a push plate for pushing garbage, and a step hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body and telescopic end of the step hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the push plate and the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism and the push plate are slidably connected to the guide rail. The guide rail is provided with locking structures at intervals along its length for inserting and cooperating with the locking end of the locking mechanism.

[0007] Optionally, the locking mechanism includes a locking seat and a locking hydraulic cylinder disposed on the locking seat. The locking seat is slidably disposed on the guide rail. The telescopic end of the locking hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the locking end of the locking mechanism to insert and engage with the locking structure. The stepping hydraulic cylinder is connected to the locking seat.

[0008] Optionally, the locking hydraulic cylinder is connected to the locking seat via a connector, and the connector serves as the locking end of the locking mechanism for plugging into and engaging the locking structure.

[0009] Optionally, the connector includes a connecting base plate and several connecting rods. The two ends of the connecting rods are respectively connected to the guide rail and pass through and slidably connected to the connecting base plate. The locking hydraulic cylinder is disposed on the connecting base plate and its telescopic end passes through the connecting base plate and is connected to the locking seat. The connecting base plate is provided with several locking rods that pass through the locking seat for inserting and cooperating with the locking structure.

[0010] Optionally, the locking seat is provided with several locking tubes that are sleeved on the locking rod, and the locking rod is sleeved with locking springs at both ends that abut against the locking tubes and the connecting seat plate, respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder is connected to the locking mechanism via a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a connecting shaft connected to the locking mechanism, a connecting ring, and a lifting lug fixed to the connecting ring. The end of the connecting shaft facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder has a convex spherical structure. The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a fixing ring, both the inner and outer sides of which are spherical structures. The connecting ring is sleeved on the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder and makes spherical contact with the fixing ring. The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder is in contact with the connecting shaft via the fixing ring, and the lifting lug is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, the pusher plate includes a main pusher plate and a pusher frame slidably disposed on the guide rail. The main pusher plate is fixed to the pusher frame on the side facing the waste. The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder is used to push the pusher frame or the main pusher plate.

[0013] Optionally, the push plate is provided with a fixing component for sliding and locking the push plate when the locking seat is pulled toward the push plate.

[0014] Optionally, the fixing component includes a fixing pin slidably disposed on the push plate, a fixing tube sleeved on the fixing pin and connected to the push plate, and a control component for controlling the input or output of fluid in the fixing tube, wherein the fixing pin is used for insertion and locking structure.

[0015] Optionally, the control component includes a control tube with closed ends and two control pistons slidably disposed on the control tube. The control tube is fixed to a push plate. The two control pistons are provided with connecting parts that are connected to the force-bearing positions of the push plate and slide relative to the control tube. A control spring is provided at the end of the control tube facing the locking mechanism to push the corresponding end control piston to reset. The connecting part is configured to compress the fluid at one end of the control tube when the control piston is pushed by force. The fixing pin is a stepped shaft with its large end located inside the fixing tube. Both ends of the control tube are connected to the fixing tube through pipes to transport fluid to the fixing tube. The large end of the fixing pin faces the guide rail. A fixing spring is provided inside the fixing tube to push the fixing pin to slide towards the guide rail.

[0016] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the garbage truck pushes the garbage towards the cargo box outlet for unloading via a push plate, compared to traditional multi-section long-arm hydraulic cylinders, in this embodiment, the telescopic end of the locking hydraulic cylinder retracts, causing the connecting seat plate to slide relative to the connecting rod and move towards the guide rail. Simultaneously, the locking rod on the connecting seat plate slides towards the guide rail and engages with the locking structure. Then, the stepping hydraulic cylinder extends and applies a thrust towards the locking seat via the connecting shaft, while simultaneously pushing the pusher frame to slide. During the pushing and pressing process, the connecting shaft can rotate in all directions with the fixed ring, connecting ring, and the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder through the fixed ring contacting the connecting shaft. This effectively prevents the telescopic end from being out of sync with the cylinder barrel of the stepping hydraulic cylinder when under force. The main push plate can reciprocate to push the waste towards the cargo box, thus reducing the possibility of damage. The extension and retraction stroke of the stepping hydraulic cylinder can also withstand relatively large pressure when compressing the waste. After one stroke, the locking hydraulic cylinder extends, causing the locking rod to disengage from the locking structure. The stepping hydraulic cylinder then retracts, causing the locking seat to move towards the push frame and fully retract or retract to reach the hole position of the next locking structure. The locking hydraulic cylinder then causes the locking rod to re-insert into the locking structure, thus repeating the process. This allows the main push plate to reciprocate to push the waste towards the outlet of the cargo box, enabling the short-stroke stepping hydraulic cylinder to adapt to the length of the cargo box for stable unloading within a relatively limited space. 2. During use, as the stepping hydraulic cylinder extends, it pushes the control piston to compress the liquid in the control pipe, which in turn pushes the fixing pin away from the guide rail. This causes the fixing pin to disengage from the guide rail and release the locking mechanism, allowing the pusher to slide relative to the guide rail. However, compared to directly releasing the sliding lock, due to the pressure of the waste itself and the action of the fixing spring, the stepping hydraulic cylinder needs to exert a certain thrust before the fixing pin disengages from the locking mechanism. This prevents sudden stress on the connecting shaft and the stepping hydraulic cylinder due to the transition from a locked to a sliding state, which could affect stability during use. When the stepping hydraulic cylinder needs to retract, the presence of the fixing spring causes the fixing pin to gradually reduce its thrust. Due to the action of the fixing spring and the reduction in thrust, the fluid can flow back to the control pipe, and the fixing pin gradually extends and engages with the locking structure. Because of the presence of the control spring, the control piston facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder will not compress the fluid and affect the sliding lock state. This achieves automatic release of the sliding lock during stepping and reduces sudden force. During stepping retraction, it can achieve automatic mechanical sliding lock of the push plate, which can significantly prevent the push plate from retracting during the stepping process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation steps of Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism and the stepping hydraulic cylinder in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component in Embodiment 1.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting shaft and the stepping hydraulic cylinder in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the connecting component in Embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed component in Embodiment 2.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cargo box; 2. Guide rail; 21. Locking structure; 3. Locking mechanism; 31. Locking seat; 311. Locking tube; 312. Locking spring; 32. Locking hydraulic cylinder; 33. Connecting component; 331. Connecting seat plate; 332. Connecting rod; 333. Locking rod; 4. Push plate; 41. Main push plate; 42. Push frame; 421. First guide wheel; 5. Stepping hydraulic cylinder; 51. Connecting assembly; 511. Connecting... 512. Shaft; 513. Connecting ring; 514. Lifting lug; 515. Fixing ring; 516. Fixing hinge shaft; 6. Fixing assembly; 61. Fixing pin; 62. Fixing tube; 620. Pushing cavity; 621. Fixing spring; 63. Control component; 630. Elongated hole; 6301. Pipe; 631. Control tube; 632. Control piston; 633. Control seat; 634. Connecting part; 635. Control spring; 636. Restricting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0027] Embodiment 1 of this application discloses a garbage truck step-by-step unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The garbage truck step-type unloading device based on the sliding locking mechanism includes a guide rail 2, a locking mechanism 3, a push plate 4, and a stepping hydraulic cylinder 5. The guide rail 2 is installed inside the garbage truck's cargo box 1 during use. Specifically, it can be installed along the length of the cargo box 1 on the bottom wall inside the cargo box 1 as a mounting base. The push plate 4 includes an inclined main push plate 41 and a push frame 42. The main push plate 41 is located on the side of the push frame 42 facing the outlet of the cargo box 1, and is inclined towards the push frame 42. The main push plate 41 is mounted on the push frame 42, and the push frame 42 is slidably connected to the guide rail 2 to optimize the stability of the main push plate 41 when pushing the garbage.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the guide rail 2 has an I-beam cross-section and passes through the bottom of the pusher 42. Two sets of first guide wheels 421 (not shown in the figure) are rolled along the length of the guide rail 2 at the bottom of the pusher 42. These two sets of first guide wheels 421 are rolled along the inner side of the guide rail 2. Of course, to optimize stability, other first guide wheels 421 can also be rolled and connected to the bottom wall of the cargo box 1 at both ends of the pusher 42 along its width, so that the main pusher plate 41 can push the waste towards the outlet of the cargo box 1; or slide rails can be embedded and fixed on both sides of the pusher 42 or the main pusher plate 41 to cooperate with the guide structure on the cargo box 1 to guide and position the pusher plate 4 as a whole.

[0030] The locking mechanism 3 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 2, and the two ends of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 are directly or indirectly connected to the locking mechanism 3 and the pusher 42, respectively. This enables the following: when pushing the garbage, the locking mechanism 3 slides and locks relative to the guide rail 2, and the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 extends and pushes the main push plate 41 through the pusher 42 to push the garbage out of the cargo box 1. When the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 approaches or reaches its stroke limit, the locking mechanism 3 is released from its lock relative to the guide rail 2. Then, the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts and pulls the locking mechanism 3 to slide toward the pusher 42, and then locks it as the force basis for pushing the pusher 4. This cycle repeats to achieve the stepping pusher 4 moving toward the outlet of the cargo box 1 to unload the cargo.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the guide rail 2 is provided with locking structures 21 at intervals along its length for inserting and engaging the locking end of the locking mechanism 3. In this embodiment 1, the locking structure 21 is a locking hole structure that extends transversely through the guide rail 2. The locking mechanism 3 includes a locking seat 31 and a locking hydraulic cylinder 32. The locking hydraulic cylinder 32 is disposed on the locking seat 31 and serves as the power driver for the locking end of the locking mechanism 3 to insert and engage the locking structure 21, thereby achieving sliding locking. The locking seat 31 is slidably connected to the guide rail 2, that is, the bottom of the locking seat 31 is provided with a groove, the guide rail 2 passes through the groove on the locking seat 31, and several second guide wheels are provided on both sides of the locking seat 31 along the sliding direction to reduce the resistance of the locking seat 31 sliding relative to the guide rail 2.

[0032] The locking hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected to the locking seat 31 through the connector 33. The connector 33 serves as the locking end of the locking mechanism 3 and is inserted into the locking structure 21 to achieve sliding locking.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting member 33 includes a connecting seat plate 331, several connecting rods 332, and a locking rod 333. The two ends of the connecting rods 332 are respectively connected to the locking seat 31 and pass through and slidably connected to the upper part of the connecting seat plate 331. The cylinder body of the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 is fixedly installed on the connecting seat plate 331, and its telescopic end extends through the connecting seat plate 331 toward the guide rail 2 and is connected to the locking seat 31. The locking rod 333 passes through the locking seat 31 and is used to insert and engage with the locking structure 21. When locking, the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 extends and retracts, driving the connecting seat plate 331 to slide relative to the connecting rods 332, causing the locking rod 333 to pass through the locking seat 31 and insert and engage with the locking structure 21 to achieve sliding locking.

[0034] The locking seat 31 is provided with several locking tubes 311 that are sleeved on the locking rods 333. The locking rods 333 are sleeved with locking springs 312 whose two ends respectively abut against the locking tubes 311 and the connecting seat plate 331, so as to facilitate the reset of the locking rods 333. In this embodiment 1, there are two locking rods 333. The locking structure 21 is a hole structure that is spaced apart along the length of the guide rail 2, and the hole spacing is equal to the spacing between the two locking rods 333, so that the two locking rods 333 can be inserted and engaged at the same time.

[0035] When the garbage truck pushes the garbage toward the outlet of the cargo box 1 via the push plate 4 for unloading, compared with the traditional multi-section long-arm hydraulic cylinder, in this embodiment 1, the extension end of the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 retracts, causing the connecting seat plate 331 to slide relative to the connecting rod 332 and move toward the guide rail 2, simultaneously driving the locking rod 333 on the connecting seat plate 331 to slide toward the guide rail 2 and insert into the locking structure 21. Then, the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 extends to push the push frame 42 to slide, thereby enabling the main push plate 41 to push the garbage toward the cargo box and extend the stroke of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5. Afterwards, the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 extends, causing the locking rod 333 to disengage from the locking structure 21. The stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 then retracts, causing the locking seat 31 to move toward the push frame 42 and fully retract or retract until the next hole of the locking structure 21 is reached. Then, the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 causes the locking rod 333 to re-insert into the locking structure 21, thus repeating the process. This allows the main push plate 41 to reciprocate and push the garbage toward the outlet of the cargo box 1, enabling the short-stroke stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 to adapt to the length of the cargo box for stable unloading within a relatively limited space.

[0036] Furthermore, since existing garbage trucks require hydraulic cylinders to compress the garbage before loading, the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 needs to withstand relatively large pressure during unloading and the final stages of loading. To further optimize unloading stability, the following settings are made: Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the locking seat 31 via the connecting assembly 51. The cylinder body of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 can be connected to the push frame 42 or the main push plate 41, preferably the push frame 42, and the connection to the push frame 42 is used as an example for explanation.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The connecting assembly 51 includes a connecting shaft 511 connected to the locking seat 31, a connecting ring 512, and a lifting lug 513 fixed to the connecting ring 512. The end of the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 facing the connecting shaft 511 is fixed with a fixed ring 514, which has a spherical structure on both the inner and outer sides. The connecting ring 512 is sleeved on the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 and makes spherical contact with the fixed ring 514. The connecting ring 512 and the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 are clearance fit so that the connecting ring 512 and the fixed ring 514 can make spherical contact with each other and rotate relative to each other. The spherical end of the connecting shaft 511 makes spherical contact with the inner side of the fixed ring 514. There are two lifting lugs 513 arranged symmetrically around the connecting ring 512, and the lifting lugs 513 are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 511 through a fixed hinge shaft 515. This design ensures that when the entire stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 is under pressure and during its extension and retraction, the connecting assembly 51 is subjected to torques in different directions. The connecting shaft 511 can rotate in all directions with the fixed ring 514, the connecting ring 512, and the extension and retraction end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 through the ball contact of the fixed ring 514 with the connecting shaft 511. This effectively avoids the possibility of damage caused by the extension and retraction end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 being misaligned with the cylinder barrel when under force, thus optimizing the stability of the unloading process.

[0038] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: (Refer to...) Figure 1 When the garbage truck pushes the garbage towards the outlet of the cargo box 1 via the push plate 4 for unloading, compared to the traditional multi-section long-arm hydraulic cylinder, in this embodiment 1, the telescopic end of the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 retracts, causing the connecting seat plate 331 to slide relative to the connecting rod 332 and move towards the guide rail 2. Simultaneously, the locking rod 333 on the connecting seat plate 331 slides towards the guide rail 2 and engages with the locking structure 21. Then, the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 extends and applies a thrust towards the locking seat 31 via the connecting shaft 511, and pushes the pusher 32 to slide. During the pushing and pressing process, the connecting shaft 511 can rotate in all directions with the fixed ring 514, the connecting ring 512, and the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 through the ball contact of the fixed ring 514 with the connecting shaft 511, effectively preventing the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 from being relative to the stepping cylinder when under force. The possibility of damage caused by misalignment of the cylinder barrel of hydraulic cylinder 5 is reduced, thus enabling the main push plate 41 to relatively stably push the garbage towards the cargo box during the extension and retraction stroke of the step hydraulic cylinder 5. At the same time, it can also withstand relatively large pressure when compressing garbage. After one stroke, the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 extends, causing the locking rod 333 to disengage from the locking structure 21. The step hydraulic cylinder 5 then retracts, causing the locking seat 31 to move towards the push frame 42 and fully retract or retract until the next hole of the locking structure 21 is reached. Then, the locking hydraulic cylinder 32 causes the locking rod 333 to re-insert into the locking structure 21, thus repeating the process. This allows the main push plate 41 to reciprocate and push the garbage towards the outlet of the cargo box 1. This enables the short-stroke step hydraulic cylinder 5 to adapt to the length of the cargo box for stable unloading within a relatively limited space. Example 2

[0039] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the push plate 4 is provided with a fixing component 6 for sliding and locking the push plate 4 relative to the guide rail 2 when the locking seat 31 is pulled towards the push plate 4, so as to avoid the possibility that the push plate 4 will move back during the retraction process due to the pressure of the garbage and the release of the sliding lock of the locking mechanism 3.

[0040] Specifically, the fixing component 6 includes a fixing pin 61 slidably disposed on the push plate 4, a fixing tube 62 sleeved on the fixing pin 61 and connected to the push plate 4, and a control component 63 for controlling the input or output of fluid in the fixing tube 62. The fixing pin 61 is used for insertion and locking with the locking structure 21. The fixing pin 61 is perpendicular to the guide rail 2 and horizontally slidably connected to the push frame 42, for example, by a sleeve structure. The fixing pin 61 is a stepped shaft with its large end located inside the fixing tube 62. The fixing tube 62 is also fixedly connected to the push frame 42, and the large end of the fixing pin 61 and the fixing tube 62 are sealed by a sealing ring. The large end of the fixing pin 61 and the side of the fixing tube 62 facing the guide rail 2 form a sealed pushing cavity 620, so that the extension and retraction of the fixing pin 61 can be controlled by inputting or extracting liquid toward the pushing cavity 620.

[0041] The control component 63 includes a control tube 631 filled with liquid and a control piston 632 slidably disposed within the control tube 631. The control tube 631 is fixed to the pusher 42, and the control piston 632 is connected to the force-bearing position of the pusher 4 and, when force is applied, pushes the control piston 632 to slide and compress the fluid in the control tube 631.

[0042] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8Specifically, the control tube 631 has closed ends and an elongated hole 630 in the middle. Two control pistons 632 are provided, both located in the middle of the control tube 631. The pusher 42 is slidably connected to the control seat 633, which is connected to the cylinder body of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5. The control seat 633 protrudes partially and is fixed with a connecting part 634. The connecting part 634 passes through the elongated hole 630 and abuts against the opposing ends of the two control pistons 632, so that the connecting part 634 can slide along the elongated hole 630 and push the control pistons 632 toward the end of the control tube 631. The control tube 631 is provided with two limiting rings 636 to limit the opposing sliding of the two control pistons 632. The control piston 632 and control pipe 631 are parallel to the connecting shaft 511. A control spring 635 is installed in the end of the control pipe 631 facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 to push the corresponding end of the control piston 632 towards the connecting part 634. Simultaneously, fluid is transported from both ends of the control pipe 631 to the fixed pipe 62 via pipes 6301, with the large end of the fixing pin 61 facing the guide rail 2. That is, the control pipe 631 is connected to the pushing chamber 620 via pipes 6301, and a fixing spring 621 is installed in the fixed pipe 62 to push the fixing pin 61 towards the guide rail 2. This allows the control seat 633 to be pushed by the control piston 632 to compress the liquid in the control pipe 631 when it is under pressure towards the push plate 4 (i.e., during the extension of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5). When the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts and pulls the locking mechanism 3 towards the push frame 42, the pushed control piston 632 resets, simultaneously pulling the control piston 632 towards the push frame 42 to reset and create negative pressure.

[0043] During the extension of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5, the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 pushes the locking seat 31. At this time, since the cylinder body of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the control seat 633, the control seat 633 will push the control piston 632 through the connecting part 634 to compress the liquid in the control tube 631 toward the end of the main push plate 41, and push the fixing pin 61 to move away from the guide rail 2 through the pipe 6301, so that the fixing pin 61 disengages from the guide rail 2 and releases the plug-in engagement with the locking structure 21, so that the pusher 42 can slide relative to the guide rail 2. At the same time, compared with the state of directly releasing the sliding lock, due to the pressure of the garbage itself and the effect of the fixing spring 621, the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 needs to reach a certain thrust before the fixing pin 61 can disengage from the locking structure 21, so as to avoid the connection shaft 511 and the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 being suddenly stressed due to the change from the locked state to the sliding state, which would affect the stability during use.

[0044] When the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts, due to the presence of the fixing spring 621, the fixing pin 61 will gradually extend towards the guide rail 2 and push the liquid back into the control tube 631 after the thrust of the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 gradually decreases.

[0045] Since the locking seat 31 is rolled to the guide rail 2 via the second guide wheel, the sliding resistance is relatively small. With the obstruction of the fixed spring 621 and the control spring 635, the sliding amount of the corresponding control piston 632 is relatively small. At this time, the liquid output generated by the control piston 632 on the side facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 compressing the liquid will not cause the fixed pin 61 to slide away from the guide rail 2. Therefore, the sliding locking state of the pusher 42 relative to the guide rail 2 will not be affected because the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 needs to pull the locking mechanism 3 to slide relative to the guide rail 2. At this time, the locking seat 31 remains in the state of sliding lock release relative to the guide rail 2, which can realize the automatic release of sliding lock during stepping and reduce the situation of sudden force. When the stepping locking seat 31 retracts, it can realize the automatic mechanical sliding lock of the pusher 4, which can significantly avoid the retraction of the pusher 4 during the stepping process.

[0046] Finally, when the push plate 4 needs to be fully reset relative to the cargo box 1, the locking mechanism 3 only needs to slide and lock relative to the guide rail 2, and the tension during retraction is gradually increased. At this time, the control piston 632 at the end of the control tube 631 facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 will gradually compress the control spring 635 and output compressed liquid, while overcoming the obstruction of the control spring 635 and the fixed spring 621, so that the liquid in the control tube 631 facing the locking seat 31 flows towards the fixed tube 62 until it pushes the fixed pin 61 away from the guide rail 2. Therefore, after the fixed pin 61 applies a pressure exceeding that of the control spring 635 and the fixed spring 621 and compresses a certain stroke when the stepping hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts, it will push the liquid into the fixed tube 62 and cause the fixed pin 61 to disengage from the locking structure 21, completing the sliding lock release of the push frame 42 away from the outlet of the cargo box 1. At this time, the push frame 42 can slide relative to the guide rail 2 towards the locking seat 31 to perform step reset.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a guide rail (2) installed in the cargo box (1) during use, a locking mechanism (3), a push plate (4) for pushing garbage and a stepping hydraulic cylinder (5). The cylinder body and telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) are respectively connected to the push plate (4) and the locking mechanism (3). The locking mechanism (3) and the push plate (4) are slidably connected to the guide rail (2). The guide rail (2) is provided with locking structures (21) at intervals along the length direction for inserting and cooperating with the locking end of the locking mechanism (3).

2. The garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (3) includes a locking seat (31) and a locking hydraulic cylinder (32) disposed on the locking seat (31). The locking seat (31) is slidably disposed on the guide rail (2). The telescopic end of the locking hydraulic cylinder (32) is used to drive the locking end of the locking mechanism (3) to insert and cooperate with the locking structure (21). The stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected to the locking seat (31).

3. A garbage truck stepping unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking hydraulic cylinder (32) is connected to the locking seat (31) via a connector (33), and the connector (33) serves as the locking end of the locking mechanism (3) to be inserted into the locking structure (21).

4. A garbage truck stepping unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connector (33) includes a connecting base plate (331) and several connecting rods (332). The two ends of the connecting rods (332) are respectively connected to the guide rail (2) and pass through and slide on the connecting base plate (331). The locking hydraulic cylinder (32) is set on the connecting base plate (331) and its telescopic end passes through the connecting base plate (331) and is connected to the locking seat (31). The connecting base plate (331) is provided with several locking rods (333) that pass through the locking seat (31) for inserting and cooperating with the locking structure (21).

5. A garbage truck stepping unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking seat (31) is provided with a plurality of locking tubes (311) sleeved on the locking rod (333), and the locking rod (333) is sleeved with locking springs (312) whose two ends respectively abut against the locking tubes (311) and the connecting seat plate (331).

6. A garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected to the locking mechanism (3) through a connecting assembly (51). The connecting assembly (51) includes a connecting shaft (511) connected to the locking mechanism (3), a connecting ring (512), and a lifting lug (513) fixed to the connecting ring (512). The end of the connecting shaft (511) facing the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) is a convex spherical structure. The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixed with a fixing ring (514) with spherical structures on both the inner and outer sides. The connecting ring (512) is sleeved on the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) and makes spherical contact with the fixing ring (514). The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) makes spherical contact with the connecting shaft (511) through the fixing ring (514), and the lifting lug (513) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5).

7. A garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The push plate (4) includes a main push plate (41) and a push frame (42) slidably disposed on the guide rail (2). The main push plate (41) is fixed to the push frame (42) facing the garbage side. The telescopic end of the stepping hydraulic cylinder (5) is used to push the push frame (42) or the main push plate (41).

8. A garbage truck step-type unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The push plate (4) is provided with a fixing component (6) for sliding and locking the push plate (4) when the locking seat (31) is pulled toward the push plate (4).

9. A garbage truck stepping unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing component (6) includes a fixing pin (61) slidably disposed on the push plate (4), a fixing tube (62) sleeved on the fixing pin (61) and connected to the push plate (4), and a control component (63) for controlling the fluid input or output in the fixing tube (62). The fixing pin (61) is used to insert and engage with the locking structure (21).

10. A garbage truck stepping unloading device based on a sliding locking mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control component (63) includes a control tube (631) with closed ends and two control pistons (632) slidably disposed on the control tube (631). The control tube (631) is fixed to the push plate (4). A connecting part (634) is provided between the two control pistons (632) for connecting the force-bearing position of the push plate (4) and sliding relative to the control tube (631). A control spring (635) is provided at the end of the control tube (631) facing the locking mechanism (3) to push the corresponding end control piston (632) to reset. The connecting part (634) is configured to slide and compress the fluid at one end of the control pipe (631) in the force-driven control piston (632). The fixing pin (61) is a stepped shaft with its large end located in the fixing pipe (62). Both ends of the control pipe (631) are transported to the fixing pipe (62) through the pipe (6301) with the large end of the fixing pin (61) facing the guide rail (2). The fixing pipe (62) is provided with a fixing spring (621) for pushing the fixing pin (61) to slide towards the guide rail (2).

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