Full-automatic spiral conveying device for straw treatment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of full-automatic spiral conveying devices for material of straw treatment, it is related to the technical field of agricultural waste straw resource fermentation treatment equipment, including driving motor, speed reducer, spiral shaft, inclined baffle, spiral blade, center shaft, wall scraping mechanism and tooth rake assembly;Driving motor is fixed at the bottom of fermentation bin, and its output end is connected with spiral shaft transmission through speed reducer;Inclined baffle covers the outside of driving motor and speed reducer;Spiral shaft includes the center shaft that section size gradually shrinks along the material discharge direction and the spiral blade fixed on the center shaft, and the pitch of spiral blade increases along the discharge direction;Wall scraping mechanism includes driving turntable, first gear, gear ring, multiple second gears, positioning sleeve, extension rod and scraping strip.The application realizes the effect that gradually changing spiral cavity uniformly expands capacity and pushes straw, and the discharge flow is stably and uniformly continuously conveyed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste straw resource fermentation treatment equipment, and in particular to a fully automatic screw conveyor device for straw treatment materials. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing straw fermentation processes involve first conveying crushed straw into the fermentation chamber via a feeding belt. A distribution device, located at the end of the belt and reciprocating within the chamber, ensures even distribution of the straw. Simultaneously, a spray system sprays alkali and microbial inoculants onto the material, adjusting spray parameters to ensure the pH level matches the microbial growth requirements. Leachate produced during fermentation is collected in a filtrate collection tank via a dedicated pipeline. A pH meter within the tank monitors the leachate's acidity and alkalinity in real-time, dynamically adjusting the alkali ratio in the spray system. The existing process also includes a spray system consisting of a DN250 stainless steel pipe with an internal DN50 stainless steel pipe and a thermometer. This system replenishes oxygen, alkali, and microbial inoculants as needed throughout the fermentation process and automatically adjusts the spray volume based on real-time temperature data to adapt to changing fermentation conditions. Light gases generated during fermentation rise and are collected and treated via a duct connected to a ventilation fan at the top of the fermentation chamber. Once the fermentation process is completed, the material is discharged using a variable pitch screw mechanism that can reciprocate within the fermentation chamber. The time interval between feeding and discharging in the entire process is 72 hours. Finally, the discharged material is conveyed to the next processing step via a discharge belt.

[0003] Among them, the fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing is a specialized discharge conveying device adapted to the aerobic fermentation chamber of straw. It relies on the rotation of the screw shaft to push highly moist, decomposed straw, integrating a structure that combines linkage cleaning, material loosening, and power protection. It can complete the continuous transfer of fermented straw without human intervention, making it the core discharge unit of the straw-to-organic fertilizer production line. This equipment differs from general industrial screw conveyors, being specifically customized for the special working conditions of straw with high moisture content, easy clumping, easy adhesion to the chamber walls, and high humidity and corrosion inside the fermentation chamber.

[0004] Existing straw fermentation equipment with screw conveyors consists only of a bottom drive motor, a reducer, and a screw shaft with equal diameter and pitch, forming a basic conveying structure. The drive motor and reducer are directly exposed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber without a dedicated shielding or protective structure. The screw shaft only has the single function of pushing materials in one direction and is not equipped with a structure for scraping residual material from the chamber wall that can operate synchronously. At the same time, there is no built-in rake for loosening material, and the functions of conveying, cleaning the chamber, and loosening material are isolated from each other and cannot be linked, resulting in a low overall level of automation for the equipment.

[0005] The fixed volume of the screw conveyor with equal diameter and pitch makes it easy for the compacted straw to clump and clog during the conveying process, resulting in inconsistent discharge flow and poor conveying continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing, which achieves the effect of uniformly expanding the volume of the gradually changing screw cavity to push straw and ensuring stable, uniform, and continuous conveying of the discharge flow.

[0007] This application provides a fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing, which adopts the following technical solution: A fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing includes a drive motor, a reducer, a screw shaft, an inclined baffle, screw blades, a central shaft, a scraping mechanism, and a toothed rake assembly. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and its output end is connected to the screw shaft through the reducer. The inclined baffle covers the outside of the drive motor and the reducer; The spiral shaft includes a central shaft with a cross-sectional dimension that gradually decreases along the material discharge direction and spiral blades fixed on the central shaft, wherein the pitch of the spiral blades increases along the discharge direction. The wall scraping mechanism includes a drive turntable, a first gear, a gear ring, multiple second gears, a positioning sleeve, an extension rod, and a scraper. The drive turntable is coaxially fixed to the central shaft, the first gear is coaxially fixed to the drive turntable, the gear ring is arranged around the outside of the first gear, the second gear is rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber and simultaneously meshes with the first gear and the gear ring, the positioning sleeve is coaxially fixed to the second gear, the extension rod is radially fixed to the positioning sleeve, and the scraper is disposed at the end of the extension rod and fits against the inner wall of the fermentation chamber; the toothed rake assembly is fixed to the side of the extension rod facing the spiral shaft.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom drive motor drives the gradually changing spiral shaft through the reducer, and is combined with the gear linkage scraping mechanism and the side-mounted toothed rake assembly. The power components are covered by inclined baffles. This produces the technical effects of uniform straw discharge, real-time self-cleaning of the bin wall, and loosening and guiding the material in the bin. It also plays a role in fully automatic continuous operation, solving the problem of material blockage and accumulation, and adapting to the complex working conditions of high humidity during straw fermentation.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral shaft has a cutting surface in the middle, and the cutting surface forms an inner cutting edge and an outer cutting edge with different heights.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a cutting surface is opened in the middle of the spiral shaft to form inner and outer cutting blades with different heights; this produces the technical effect of layered cutting and crushing of straw clumps, and also plays a role in conveying and simultaneously breaking up and compacting materials, eliminating blind spots in the conveying process, and preventing residual materials from becoming moldy and contaminating new materials.

[0011] Preferably, a bearing is provided between the positioning sleeve and the central shaft, and an air jet assembly is provided inside the positioning sleeve, with the nozzle of the air jet assembly facing the spiral shaft.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by assembling a bearing between the positioning sleeve and the central shaft, and setting an air jet assembly facing the spiral shaft inside the sleeve, the technical effects of isolating the transmission gap and flushing the shaft dust and debris with high-pressure airflow are achieved. This also helps to prevent transmission components from jamming and corroding, and to extend the service life of bearings, gears and precision parts.

[0013] Preferably, the scraper is rotatably connected to the end of the extension rod via a rotating shaft.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the scraper is rotatably connected to the end of the extension rod via a rotating shaft; this produces the technical effect of automatically adjusting the scraper's fit angle to the unevenness of the bin wall, and also serves to buffer rigid collisions, eliminate dead corners in bin wall cleaning, and reduce the probability of scraper breakage and damage.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-section of the scraper is tapered.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and designing the scraper blade with a tapered cross-section structure, the scraper blade has a sharp edge and a stronger ability to peel off hard, hardened residue from the bin wall. This also improves the cleanliness of the bin wall and reduces the operating resistance during the cleaning process.

[0017] Preferably, the toothed rake assembly includes an L-shaped connecting rod and a plurality of racks, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod is fixed to the extension rod, and the plurality of racks are spaced apart from the L-shaped connecting rod.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, an L-shaped connecting rod with equidistant racks is fixed on the inner side of the extension rod to form a toothed rake assembly; this generates a circular motion to rake and compact materials in the bin in all directions, and also guides materials into the screw conveyor area, reduces equipment load, and lowers energy consumption.

[0019] Preferably, the jet assembly is located on the side of the support bearing near the helical shaft, and the axis of each nozzle of the jet assembly is at an angle of 15° to 45° with the axis of the central shaft and is inclined toward the direction of the helical shaft.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the nozzle of the jet assembly is placed on the side of the bearing near the spiral shaft, with the nozzle axis inclined at 15°~45° to the central axis towards the spiral shaft; this produces the technical effect of directional flushing of the shaft gaps and accelerating local ventilation and dehumidification, and also plays a role in inhibiting secondary adhesion of materials and assisting in preventing blockage of loose straw materials.

[0021] Preferably, the second gear is evenly distributed between the first gear and the gear ring.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple sets of second gears are evenly arranged between the first gear and the gear ring, resulting in balanced gear meshing force and smooth synchronous transmission. This also ensures the stable reverse rotation of the scraping mechanism and avoids transmission misalignment and jamming.

[0023] Preferably, the surface of the inclined baffle is a continuous smooth surface.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting the inclined baffle to a continuous smooth surface, the technical effect of automatically sliding and guiding dust and condensed water droplets down the slope is achieved. This also serves to block high-humidity corrosive media, ensure heat dissipation of the motor and reducer, and reduce manual cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. To further optimize the function of the power components at the bottom of the fermentation chamber being corroded by high-humidity dust and having their heat dissipation channels blocked by accumulated material, this invention also includes an inclined baffle covering the outside of the motor and reducer. The slope automatically guides the falling dust and condensed water droplets, which is used to isolate the corrosive media inside the chamber, ensure continuous heat dissipation of the power components, and significantly reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance.

[0026] 2. To address the issues of uneven material discharge and easy clogging of compacted straw caused by traditional equal-diameter, equal-pitch screw conveyors, this invention further optimizes the process by incorporating a gradually narrowing central shaft in the discharge direction, paired with screw blades of increasing pitch. This structure enables uniform expansion of the conveying cavity along the discharge end, effectively spreading and compacting the straw, and ensuring stable, uniform, and continuous material discharge. Furthermore, the gradually narrowing cavity can accommodate straw materials with varying moisture contents, broadening the equipment's applicability to different working conditions.

[0027] 3. To further optimize the function of removing residual material from the inner wall of the fermentation chamber and requiring manual cleaning after shutdown, this invention also includes a gear-linked wall scraping mechanism consisting of a drive turntable, a first gear, a gear ring, a second gear, a positioning sleeve, an extension rod, and a scraper. This mechanism rotates synchronously in the opposite direction with the spiral shaft to achieve a fully automatic cleaning effect, including real-time automatic scraping of residual material from the chamber wall, self-cleaning without dead angles, and no need for manual cleaning after shutdown.

[0028] 4. To further optimize the function of addressing the issues of material compaction and stagnation within the silo, creating blind spots in the conveying process, this invention also includes a toothed rake assembly fixed to the inner side of the extension rod. This assembly moves synchronously with the wall-scraping mechanism in a circular motion, enabling the omnidirectional rakeing of compacted and agglomerated materials within the silo, guiding materials into the screw conveyor zone, reducing the equipment's conveying load, and achieving energy savings. Subsequently, the toothed rake works in conjunction with the wall-scraping and screw conveyor structures to form an integrated collaborative operation system for loosening, cleaning, and conveying. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the screw conveyor in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the helical shaft in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure between the first gear, the gear ring, and the second gear in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the toothed rake assembly in this embodiment; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fermentation chamber; 2. Drive motor; 3. Reducer; 4. Spiral shaft; 41. Central shaft; 42. Spiral blade; 43. Cut surface; 5. Inclined baffle; 6. Drive turntable; 7. First gear; 8. Gear ring; 9. Second gear; 10. Positioning sleeve; 11. Extension rod; 12. Scraper; 13. Air jet assembly; 14. Toothed rake assembly; 1401. L-shaped connecting rod; 1402. Comb teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content. Example

[0031] This invention discloses a fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing, specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the basic power source of this device is the drive motor 2, which is fixedly installed on the bottom frame of the fermentation chamber 1. To adapt to the high-load and high-resistance conveying conditions of straw materials, the power output end of the drive motor 2 is connected to the screw shaft 4 through the reducer 3. Compared with the direct drive method of the drive motor 2, this solution achieves the mechanical adjustment effect of reducing speed and increasing torque through the reducer 3. On the one hand, it can effectively buffer the instantaneous impact load caused by material congestion and jamming, avoid overload and burnout of the drive motor 2, and ensure the stability of power output. On the other hand, it can precisely control the operating speed of the screw shaft 4, which can prevent the straw materials from being over-crushed and dust from leaking out due to excessive speed, and also avoid insufficient conveying efficiency due to excessively low speed, thus providing a basic guarantee for the stable operation of the device from the power source.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, based on the established basic power transmission structure, to improve the operating environment of the power components and extend the service life of the equipment, inclined baffles 5 are installed on the outside of the drive motor 2 and the reducer 3. Because the fermentation chamber 1 operates in a high-humidity, dusty environment for extended periods, the exposed drive motor 2 and reducer 3 are prone to accumulating straw powder, composting residue, and condensed moisture. This not only clogs the equipment's heat dissipation holes, leading to excessive temperature rise and power attenuation, but also allows the damp corrosive medium to penetrate the equipment's transmission gaps and wiring ports, causing malfunctions such as electrical leakage, transmission jamming, and equipment failure. Therefore, the inclined baffle 5 structure adopted in this invention utilizes the slope guiding principle to allow falling dust, residue, and condensed water droplets to automatically slide down the slope, physically preventing impurities from accumulating on the surface of the power equipment. This structural design not only ensures the heat dissipation and ventilation of the drive motor 2 and reducer 3, preventing high-temperature failures, but also forms a stable protective barrier to prevent corrosive media from entering the equipment, significantly reducing the failure rate of the power mechanism, effectively reducing manual cleaning and equipment maintenance costs, and improving the adaptability and durability of the equipment under complex fermentation conditions.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, to further address the core issues of uneven material discharge and easy material blockage in traditional screw conveyor structures, this solution innovatively improves the structure of the core conveying component, the screw shaft 4. Unlike the traditional integrated screw structure with equal diameter and pitch, the screw shaft 4 of this device adopts a composite structure of a central shaft 41 with a gradually decreasing cross-section and variable pitch screw blades 42. Specifically, the cross-sectional size of the central shaft 41 gradually decreases along the material discharge direction, while the pitch of the screw blades 42 increases uniformly along the discharge direction, forming a gradually changing conveying cavity with decreasing shaft diameter and increasing pitch. Based on this structural design, during the rotation of the screw shaft 4 to push the material, the effective volume of the conveying cavity continuously and uniformly expands along the discharge direction. In actual operation, the straw material accumulated in the fermentation chamber 1 moves towards the discharge port under the thrust of the screw blades 42. The gradually expanding cavity provides sufficient loosening and expansion space for the compacted straw material, gradually releasing the material accumulation stress and completely avoiding the problems of material compression, clumping, and jamming caused by a closed cavity. Meanwhile, the uniformly varying cavity volume can precisely match the dynamic changes in material conveying flow, completely solving the defects of traditional structures such as material accumulation at the front end, idling at the rear end, and inconsistent discharge speed, ensuring uniform discharge and continuous smooth conveying throughout the process. Furthermore, this gradient spiral structure can adapt to straw fermentation materials with different moisture contents and bulk densities, making the equipment more versatile. The uniform and stable discharge effect can also accurately match the feeding requirements of subsequent processes, effectively improving the operational precision and production efficiency of the entire production line.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, to further address the problem of fermented materials becoming damp, caking, and compacted, making them difficult to transport, this invention features a V-shaped cutting surface 43 at the central cutting edge of the spiral shaft 4. This surface 43 forms two symmetrically arranged cutting blades, with the inner blade height lower than the outer blade height, creating a staggered double-layer cutting blade layout. When the spiral shaft 4 rotates, the staggered double blades create a layered crushing effect. The outer blade prioritizes cutting and breaking down large, bulky straw clumps on the surface, while the inner blade simultaneously performs secondary crushing of deeply compacted, adhered, and smaller clumps. Compared to traditional equipment that only pushes materials and cannot handle clumps, this invention eliminates the need for separate crushing equipment. It can simultaneously break up and pre-crush clumps during material transport, truly achieving integrated transport and crushing operations. This structure not only simplifies the overall equipment structure and reduces equipment investment costs, but also completely eliminates the blind spots in the conveying process caused by material clumping and overhead suspension, preventing the continuous fermentation and mold growth of stagnant materials and contamination of new batches of materials, thus ensuring the integrity and cleanliness of material conveying from the source.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to completely overcome the industry problem of residue adhesion and caking accumulation on the inner wall of fermentation chamber 1, this invention is equipped with a gear-linked reverse wall cleaning mechanism, which complements the above-mentioned spiral conveying structure. Specifically, the assembly structure is as follows: a drive turntable 6 is fixedly installed coaxially with the central shaft 41 of the spiral shaft 4 and the output end of the reducer 3. A first gear 7 is coaxially fixed on the drive turntable 6. A toothed ring 8 is arranged around the outer side of the first gear 7. The inner ring of the toothed ring 8 and the outer ring of the first gear 7 are meshed and driven by multiple sets of evenly arranged second gears 9. The second gears 9 are rotatably mounted on a fixed support on the inner wall of fermentation chamber 1. Simultaneously, a positioning sleeve 10 is coaxially fixed to the outer side of the second gear 9. An extension rod 11 is radially fixed to the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 10. A scraper 12 that fits against the inner wall of fermentation chamber 1 is fitted to the end of the extension rod 11. In actual operation, the drive turntable 6 rotates synchronously with the spiral shaft 4, driving the first gear 7 to rotate coaxially. This, in turn, drives the second gear 9 to rotate in the opposite direction via gear meshing, ultimately causing the positioning sleeve 10, extension rod 11, and scraper 12 to rotate in the opposite direction to the spiral shaft 4. Compared to conventional wall-cleaning structures that rotate in the same direction, the reverse rotation design of this invention significantly enhances the relative shear force between the scraper 12 and the residue on the silo wall. It provides a stronger peeling effect on highly adhesive organic residues and hard, compacted materials, thoroughly scraping away residual materials adhering to the silo wall in real time. This prevents the residue from becoming compacted, moldy, or breeding bacteria, achieving fully automatic real-time self-cleaning of the fermentation silo 1's inner wall without requiring manual cleaning during downtime, effectively improving the continuity and automation of equipment operation.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, to ensure the long-term stable and low-failure operation of the reverse wall-cleaning mechanism and to avoid dust accumulation and jamming in the transmission gap, as well as corrosion and wear of precision components, this solution adds a protective and auxiliary structure at the assembly gap between the positioning sleeve 10 and the central shaft 41. Specifically, a support bearing is precisely assembled between the inner ring of the positioning sleeve 10 and the outer ring of the central shaft 41. The bearing enables the positioning sleeve 10 and the central shaft 41 to rotate independently and coaxially, ensuring that there is no interference or jamming during their reverse rotation and ensuring stable gear transmission accuracy. On this basis, an air jet assembly 13 is integrated on the side of the bearing near the spiral shaft 4, and each nozzle of the air jet assembly 13 is inclined towards the spiral shaft 4. During equipment operation, the jet assembly 13 continuously sprays high-pressure clean airflow. On the one hand, it can directionally flush the surface of the spiral shaft 4, the gaps between the blades, and the transmission gaps of the bearings, removing straw powder and residual debris, thus preventing transmission jamming and bearing seizure caused by dust accumulation. On the other hand, the inclined jet airflow can further guide and loosen the fine materials during the conveying process, further enhancing the anti-clogging effect of the equipment. At the same time, it accelerates air circulation in the working area, reduces local humidity, effectively inhibits bacterial growth and secondary adhesion of materials, and achieves multiple effects of self-dust removal, self-moisture prevention, and self-maintenance of the transmission structure, significantly extending the service life of precision components such as gears and bearings.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, building upon the aforementioned wall-cleaning structure, to further improve the comprehensiveness and adaptability of cleaning residual material from the fermentation chamber wall, this solution features an adaptive optimization design for the scraper 12 structure, addressing the problems of poor adaptability, incomplete cleaning, and easy damage associated with traditional fixed scrapers. Specifically, the scraper 12 is rotatably connected to the end of the extension rod 11 via a miniature rotating shaft, with a controllable rotation angle range of 0-30°. The scraper 12 also adopts a tapered cross-section structure. In actual wall-cleaning operations, the inner wall of the fermentation chamber 1 exhibits irregular conditions such as localized protrusions and uneven thickness of slabs. Fixed scrapers cannot adaptively conform to the curved surface of the chamber wall, easily resulting in cleaning blind spots, and rigid collisions can easily cause the scraper to deform and break. The adaptive flip-over scraper 12 of this invention can automatically and finely adjust the flip angle according to the resistance of the material on the bin wall, always closely conforming to the curved surface and uneven structure of the bin wall, completely eliminating blind spots in cleaning; at the same time, the tapered structure has a sharper blade, which is more effective in peeling and scraping off hard, hardened residues, and the flexible flip-over structure can effectively buffer the impact of rigid collisions, reduce the wear and breakage probability of the scraper 12, and achieve self-cleaning operation with no dead corners, low loss, and high adaptability throughout the entire bin wall.

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in addition to filling the blind spots of the screw conveyor operation and further enhancing the material loosening and anti-clogging effect, the present invention adds a toothed rake assembly 14 for loosening materials on the inner side of the extension rod 11, which works in conjunction with the wall cleaning and conveying structure. Specifically, the toothed rake assembly 14 uses an L-shaped connecting rod 1401 as the main support. The top of the L-shaped connecting rod 1401 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the extension rod 11. Multiple sets of fine teeth are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting rod 1401, forming a comb-like loosening structure. When the extension rod 11 rotates in the opposite direction synchronously with the positioning sleeve 10, the toothed rake assembly 14 moves synchronously. The fine teeth can comprehensively comb, rake, and guide the materials in areas that are easy to accumulate and easily brittle, such as the periphery of the screw shaft 4 and the corners of the fermentation chamber 1, thoroughly breaking up the deeply compacted and brittle lumps of material, so that the accumulated material can fall evenly into the screw conveyor operation area. This structure effectively compensates for the operational defects of a single spiral pushing structure, completely solves the problems of local material retention and incomplete conveying, and the material after being combed by the toothed rake is more loose, the conveying resistance is greatly reduced, which can effectively reduce the operating load of the equipment, achieve energy saving and consumption reduction, and further improve the uniformity and operational efficiency of the overall material conveying.

[0039] In summary, this invention constructs a complete fully automated closed-loop material conveying system through the layered design, step-by-step optimization, and coordinated operation of various functional structures. Compared to traditional single-function conveying equipment, this invention first achieves dust and corrosion protection for the power components through the inclined baffle 5, then relies on the variable diameter and variable pitch spiral structure to achieve uniform and stable material conveying, and simultaneously uses the spiral double-cutting blade to complete the in-situ crushing of agglomerated materials; on this basis, the gear reverse linkage mechanism, in conjunction with the adaptive flipping scraper 12, achieves self-cleaning of the bin wall without dead corners, relies on the jet assembly 13 to complete the dust removal and moisture prevention of precision components, and finally uses the toothed rake assembly 14 to loosen and guide materials in blind areas. The multiple structures are progressive and complementary, forming multiple unexpected technical benefits. This device requires no manual intervention throughout the entire process and can automatically complete the loosening, crushing, uniform conveying, and self-cleaning of straw materials. It completely solves the core pain points of traditional equipment, such as uneven output, easy clogging and jamming, material accumulation on the bin walls, high failure rate, cumbersome operation and maintenance, and material waste. It has the advantages of compact structure, strong linkage, wide adaptability to working conditions, low operation and maintenance costs, and long service life. It can significantly improve the material quality and production efficiency of straw fermentation and resource utilization, and has extremely high engineering application value and market promotion prospects.

[0040] Working Principle: The entire set of fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing relies on the synchronous linkage of four major modules: bottom power, gradual screw conveying, gear linkage self-cleaning, and toothed rake loosening, to achieve fully unmanned automated operation. First, the drive motor 2, fixed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 1, starts and outputs power. The power is amplified by the reducer 3 and the speed is adjusted before being transmitted to the screw shaft 4. The reducer 3 buffers the instantaneous impact load caused by straw blockage, preventing the drive motor 2 from being overloaded and burned out. The inclined baffle 5 completely covers the drive motor 2 and the reducer 3. Falling straw dust and condensed water droplets in the chamber automatically slide off along the inclined smooth slope, isolating high-humidity corrosive media and continuously ensuring smooth heat dissipation of the power components, reducing corrosion failures.

[0041] Then, the spiral shaft 4 rotates synchronously with the reducer 3. The central shaft 41 with a gradually narrowing cross section along the discharge direction is combined with the spiral blades 42 with increasing pitch to form a gradually expanding conveying cavity. The compacted straw gradually stretches and releases the internal accumulated stress during the pushing process of the spiral blades 42, and is evenly and slowly transferred to the discharge port, which completely solves the defects of traditional equal diameter spiral extrusion clogging and large fluctuations in discharge flow.

[0042] Subsequently, the drive turntable 6, coaxially fixed to the central shaft 41, rotates synchronously with the spiral shaft 4, driving the coaxial first gear 7 to rotate. Multiple sets of second gears 9, evenly distributed between the first gear 7 and the gear ring 8, mesh synchronously to drive the positioning sleeve 10 and the extension rod 11 to rotate in the opposite direction to the spiral shaft 4. The scraper 12 at the end of the extension rod 11, which is attached to the bin wall, continuously scrapes off the hardened straw residue adhering to the bin wall, thus completing the real-time self-cleaning of the bin wall while the equipment is conveying materials.

[0043] At the same time, the toothed rake assembly 14 fixed inside the extension rod 11 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction with the extension rod 11. Multiple sets of equidistant toothed racks rake and comb the stagnant material in the corners of the fermentation chamber 1 and the outer periphery of the spiral that is easily suspended and compacted in all directions, breaking up the lumpy material and guiding it to the spiral conveying area, eliminating the conveying blind spot, reducing the spiral pushing load, and reducing the overall operating energy consumption of the machine.

[0044] Subsequently, the jet assembly 13 inside the positioning sleeve 10 continuously ejects high-pressure airflow. The nozzles spray the surface of the spiral shaft 4 and the bearing transmission gaps at an angle of 15° to 45°, blowing away the accumulated straw powder and preventing dust accumulation, jamming, rusting and wear of precision parts such as gears and bearings. At the same time, the airflow loosens the small straw in the conveying channel, further enhancing the anti-clogging performance of the whole machine.

[0045] All moving parts of the entire device share the same drive motor 2 for synchronous operation, eliminating the need for additional independent drive sources and requiring no manual intervention throughout the process. Ultimately, the loosened and dispersed straw material is evenly and continuously pushed to the discharge port via a gradient spiral shaft 4. Residual material on the bin walls is scraped off synchronously in real time, and the power components are continuously protected. This process simultaneously completes multiple steps, including material loosening, stable conveying, bin self-cleaning, and dust removal from precision components. It is suitable for uninterrupted discharge operations during the complete 72-hour fermentation cycle of straw, completely solving the technical problems of material blockage, accumulation, frequent shutdowns for cleaning, and high failure rates associated with traditional equipment.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing, characterized in that, Includes a drive motor (2), a reducer (3), a spiral shaft (4), an inclined baffle (5), spiral blades (42), a central shaft (41), a wall scraping mechanism, and a toothed rake assembly (14). The drive motor (2) is fixed at the bottom of the fermentation chamber (1), and its output end is connected to the screw shaft (4) through the reducer (3); The inclined baffle (5) covers the outside of the drive motor (2) and the reducer (3); The spiral shaft (4) includes the central shaft (41) whose cross-sectional dimensions gradually decrease along the material discharge direction and the spiral blades (42) fixed on the central shaft (41), the pitch of the spiral blades (42) increasing along the discharge direction; The scraping mechanism includes a drive turntable (6), a first gear (7), a gear ring (8), multiple second gears (9), a positioning sleeve (10), an extension rod (11), and a scraper (12). The drive turntable (6) is coaxially fixed to the central shaft (41). The first gear (7) is coaxially fixed to the drive turntable (6). The gear ring (8) is arranged around the outside of the first gear (7). The second gear (9) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber (1) and simultaneously meshes with the first gear (7) and the gear ring (8). The positioning sleeve (10) is coaxially fixed to the second gear (9). The extension rod (11) is radially fixed to the positioning sleeve (10). The scraper (12) is arranged at the end of the extension rod (11) and fits against the inner wall of the fermentation chamber (1). The toothed rake assembly (14) is fixed to the side of the extension rod (11) facing the spiral shaft (4).

2. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral shaft (4) has a cutting surface (43) in the middle, and the cutting surface (43) forms an inner cutting edge and an outer cutting edge with different heights.

3. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing is provided between the positioning sleeve (10) and the central shaft (41), and an air jet assembly (13) is provided inside the positioning sleeve (10), with the nozzle of the air jet assembly (13) facing the spiral shaft (4).

4. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper (12) is rotatably connected to the end of the extension rod (11) via a pivot.

5. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the scraper (12) is conical.

6. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toothed rake assembly (14) includes an L-shaped connecting rod (1401) and a plurality of racks. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod (1401) is fixed to the extension rod (11), and the plurality of racks are spaced apart from the L-shaped connecting rod (1401).

7. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The jet assembly (13) is located on the side of the support bearing near the spiral shaft (4). The axis of each nozzle of the jet assembly (13) is at an angle of 15° to 45° with the axis of the central shaft (41) and is inclined toward the spiral shaft (4).

8. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear (9) is evenly distributed between the first gear (7) and the gear ring (8).

9. The fully automatic screw conveyor for straw processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the inclined baffle (5) is a continuous smooth surface.

Images