Photovoltaic frame directional feeding device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of profile feeding equipment and discloses a photovoltaic frame directional feeding device, which comprises a frame body, a conveying mechanism, a push plate mechanism and a piece-by-piece transfer mechanism, the conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame body and is used for conveying photovoltaic frames along a first path, the first end of all the photovoltaic frames carried on the conveying mechanism is directed to the same side of the frame body, the push plate mechanism is arranged on the frame body and is arranged adjacent to a discharging side of the first path, the push plate mechanism is used for outwardly conveying the photovoltaic frames in a target posture or a first posture, and the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism is installed on the frame body and is used for piece-by-piece transferring the photovoltaic frames in the target posture to an assembly station. The whole directional feeding process is completed by mechanical cooperation between the conveying mechanism, the push plate mechanism and the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism, a multi-axis mechanical hand, a 3D camera and a visual calibration system are not needed to be arranged, the device structure is simple, and the equipment purchase cost and the later maintenance cost are significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of profile feeding equipment, specifically to a photovoltaic frame directional feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic (PV) frame is the fixing frame for solar panels. It secures and protects the solar panels and enhances the overall structural strength of the PV module. The PV frame consists of a long strip of aluminum alloy profile and corner brackets inserted into both sides of the profile. The profile is composed of an integrally formed rectangular block and rectangular plate. The rectangular plate is fixed to the top surface of the rectangular block. Both ends of the rectangular block and the rectangular plate are beveled. The rectangular block has a hollow cavity extending from one beveled surface to another. Two corner brackets are inserted into each end of the hollow cavity. A through slot is formed on the top surface of the rectangular block, and the rectangular plate is positioned between the through slot and the hollow cavity. During the framing process of the PV module, the PV frame needs to maintain a specific installation orientation and a preset installation posture to enable automated framing by subsequent framing equipment. Current PV frame feeding devices rely on destacking robots, 3D cameras, and vision calibration mechanisms to identify the frames stacked alternately in the stacking area. The robot then uses a flipping action to unify the frames with different postures into a uniform posture before placing them on the frame conveyor line. However, photovoltaic frame loading devices are highly dependent on multi-axis robotic arms, 3D cameras, and vision systems, and have complex structures and extremely high equipment purchase and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device to solve the problem that photovoltaic frame feeding devices are highly dependent on multi-axis robots, 3D cameras and vision systems, and have complex structures and extremely high equipment purchase and maintenance costs.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application discloses a photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device, comprising: Frame; A conveying mechanism, mounted on the frame, is used to convey photovoltaic frames along a first path, wherein the first ends of all the photovoltaic frames carried on the conveying mechanism face the same side of the frame; A pusher mechanism is provided on the frame and is arranged adjacent to the discharge side of the first path. The pusher mechanism is used to convey the photovoltaic frame in the target posture or the first posture outward. A component-by-component transfer mechanism, installed on the frame, is used to transfer the photovoltaic frames in the target orientation one by one to the assembly station.

[0005] Beneficial effects: During loading, operators only need to place the photovoltaic frames laterally onto the conveying mechanism with their first ends facing the same direction. The conveying mechanism transports the stacked photovoltaic frames to the discharge side. The pusher mechanism receives the photovoltaic frames output by the conveying mechanism and sequentially transports the photovoltaic frames in the target or first orientation outwards. The piece-by-piece transfer mechanism then transfers the photovoltaic frames in the target orientation one by one to the assembly station. This achieves automated directional loading of photovoltaic frames from disordered stacking to individual separation and uniform orientation output. The entire directional loading process relies on the mechanical cooperation between the conveying mechanism, the pusher mechanism, and the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism. It does not require multi-axis robotic arms, 3D cameras, or vision calibration systems. The device structure is simple, and the equipment purchase cost and subsequent maintenance cost are significantly reduced.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, the conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor, wherein a belt-carrying section extends along the first path, the height of which increases linearly from the feeding side to the discharge side.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The first path is an uphill conveying path from low to high. When the belt conveys the stacked photovoltaic frames upward, under the action of gravity, small relative displacements are continuously generated between adjacent photovoltaic frames inside the stack. This weakens the interlayer interlocking caused by static friction on the surface of the photovoltaic frames, and breaks the tightly compacted stacking state between each layer of photovoltaic frames. This reduces the locking force that the subsequent push plate mechanism needs to overcome when separating the stacked photovoltaic frames, and also reduces the probability of multiple photovoltaic frames sticking together and being output at the same time.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the angle between the belt bearing section and the direction of gravity is A, wherein 82°≤A≤85°.

[0009] Beneficial effects: When the included angle is greater than 85°, the photovoltaic frames stacked on the belt conveyor section are prone to sliding backward under their own weight, making it impossible to transport the stacked photovoltaic frames to the discharge side of the first path; when the included angle is less than 82°, the self-weight of the photovoltaic frames stacked on the belt conveyor section is insufficient to generate interlayer micro-motion, which is not conducive to weakening the interlayer interlocking between adjacent photovoltaic frames. By limiting the included angle A within 82°~85°, the first path can maintain the interlayer micro-motion effect of uphill conveying, while ensuring that the stacked photovoltaic frames can be transported to the discharge side by the belt conveyor section, thus achieving a balance between the micro-motion effect required for separation and the stability of conveying.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the conveying mechanism further includes: The first and second limiting plates are set opposite to each other, and both the first and second limiting plates are fixed to the frame. The distance between the first and second limiting plates is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame. The third limiting plate is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate on both sides, and the third limiting plate is located on the feeding side close to the first path; The push plate mechanism includes a base plate, which is fixedly disposed on the frame and is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate respectively. The first limiting plate, the second limiting plate, the third limiting plate, the belt bearing section, and the substrate surround and form an open storage cavity.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The distance between the first and second limiting plates is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame, forming a limiting boundary for the photovoltaic frame along its length. Even if the stacked photovoltaic frames slide laterally along their length due to inertia or friction during transport, the first and second limiting plates can limit the sliding range within the preset boundary, preventing the photovoltaic frames from sliding out from both sides of the conveying mechanism. The third limiting plate acts as a stop on the stacked photovoltaic frames on the feeding side, preventing the photovoltaic frames from scattering from the feeding side when the belt starts, brakes, or retracts. Therefore, operators can directly place the disorderly stacked photovoltaic frames into the open storage cavity without prior neat stacking. The storage cavity above the conveying mechanism forms a space to accommodate and constrain the stacked photovoltaic frames, reliably constraining the randomly piled photovoltaic frames and transporting them orderly to the discharge side.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the pusher mechanism further includes: A first driving element is fixedly disposed on the substrate; A push block is connected to the first driving member and slidably connected to the substrate. The push block has a first inclined surface, and the normal of the first inclined surface forms a first preset angle with the direction of gravity. The pusher has a waiting position and an unloading position. When the pusher is in the waiting position, the height of the first inclined feeding side is lower than the height of the first path discharging side, and the first inclined feeding side and the first path discharging side form a preset height difference. The substrate has a second inclined surface, and the normal of the second inclined surface forms the first preset angle with the direction of gravity. When the push block is in the unloading position, the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface are joined to form a first slide. The first driving component can drive the pusher to move along a first direction to switch the waiting position and the unloading position, and the first direction forms a second preset angle with the gravity direction.

[0013] Beneficial effects: At the waiting position, the preset height difference between the first inclined plane and the first path discharge side allows the photovoltaic frame arriving at the discharge side to fall naturally onto the first inclined plane. During this natural fall, because the center of gravity of the photovoltaic frame is close to its bottom, the photovoltaic frame will deflect, causing the bottom of the photovoltaic frame to abut against the first inclined plane and the first side of the photovoltaic frame to abut against the substrate. At this time, the photovoltaic frame is in the target posture. This preset height difference increases the probability of a photovoltaic frame appearing on the first inclined plane in the target posture. Of course, photovoltaic frames in other postures may also fall onto the first inclined plane. During the process of the first driving component moving the pusher block along the first direction to the unloading position, the first inclined plane can only push photovoltaic frames in the first or second posture to the unloading position, but cannot push photovoltaic frames in the third posture to the unloading position. The photovoltaic frame in the third posture exhibits the following characteristics: the free ends of both corner brackets face the left side of the photovoltaic frame, and the sides of both corner brackets abut against the first inclined surface. When in the waiting position, one side of the photovoltaic frame in the third posture abuts against the discharge side of the conveying mechanism. During the ascent of the first inclined surface, the first inclined surface drives the photovoltaic frame in the third posture to rise, and the side of the photovoltaic frame separates from the discharge side of the conveying mechanism. This causes the frame to fall off the first inclined surface due to gravity and loss of support in the initial stage of the push block lifting. The photovoltaic frame in the first posture exhibits the following characteristics: the second side of the photovoltaic frame abuts against the first inclined surface, and the free ends of both corner brackets face the right side of the photovoltaic frame. The photovoltaic frame in the second posture exhibits the following characteristics: the free ends of both corner brackets abut against the first inclined surface, and the second side of the photovoltaic frame abuts against the substrate surface. At the unloading position, the first slide is formed by the splicing of the second inclined surface and the first inclined surface. The photovoltaic frame in the second posture flips under the action of gravity, so that one side of the photovoltaic frame abuts against the first inclined surface. That is, under the action of gravity, the photovoltaic frame in the second posture flips into the photovoltaic frame in the first posture. In summary, at the unloading position, only the photovoltaic frame in the first posture or the photovoltaic frame in the target posture will appear. The first slide is a continuous inclined slide without steps. The photovoltaic frame in the target posture or the first posture slides down the first slide under the action of gravity. There is no impact from steps during the sliding process, and the posture of the photovoltaic frame remains undisturbed.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic frame has a first abutting surface, and the widths of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are both greater than the width of the first abutting surface and less than twice the width of the first abutting surface.

[0015] Beneficial effects: On the one hand, because the width of the first inclined surface is greater than the width of the first contact surface of a single photovoltaic frame, when two photovoltaic frames that are interlocked and bonded simultaneously partially slide down to the first inclined surface, the first inclined surface can still provide sufficient support area to lift the two photovoltaic frames at the same time, preventing the photovoltaic frames from accidentally sliding down due to insufficient support, thus improving the fault tolerance of the separation action; on the other hand, because the width of the first inclined surface is less than the sum of the widths of the first contact surfaces of the two frames, when three or more frames fall into the first inclined surface at the same time, the first inclined surface cannot establish a complete connection with the multiple frames at the bottom. The stable bottom contact prevents excess frame pieces that exceed the support range from slipping off the bottom due to gravity and interlayer misalignment during the initial stage of the push block lifting, thus structurally disrupting the stable contact of multiple frame pieces stacked together. At the same time, the width of the first and second inclined planes limits the maximum offset of the two ends of the frame pieces along the conveying direction to within this width range. Frame pieces with offsets exceeding this range cannot be stably supported and fall back to the conveying mechanism. Only frame pieces with offsets that meet the requirements can slide along the first slide to the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism, thus achieving pre-screening of the frame piece posture.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the pusher mechanism further includes: The slide rail is fixedly connected to the base plate; The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail and fixedly connected to the push block.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The sliding cooperation between the slide rail and the slider provides precise linear guidance for the movement of the push block. Driven by the first driving component, the push block can only move back and forth along the extension direction of the slide rail, avoiding swaying and jamming of the push block during lifting and resetting. It ensures that when the push block moves to the unloading position, the first inclined surface can be accurately aligned with the second inclined surface and spliced ​​to form a continuous first slide. The push block moves smoothly, has high repeatability and positioning accuracy, and has good stability of frame separation output.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the pusher mechanism further includes a damping element fixed to the base plate and connected to the pusher block or the slider; When the pusher blocks switch from the waiting position to the unloading position, the damping element generates a first damping force; When the pusher blocks switch from the unloading position to the waiting position, the damping element generates a second damping force; Both the first damping force and the second damping force are parallel to the first direction, and the directions of the first damping force and the second damping force are opposite.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The damping component generates damping forces opposite to the direction of movement in both directions of the push block's motion, thus buffering and constraining the push block during both the lifting and lowering phases. When the push block switches upward to the unloading position, the first damping force inhibits the push block from impacting into place, ensuring a smooth connection between the first and second inclined surfaces. When the push block resets downward to the waiting position, the second damping force constrains the push block's free fall under gravity, preventing rapid descent and impact. Therefore, the acceleration of the push block is constrained throughout its reciprocating motion, structural vibration is suppressed, the photovoltaic frame's posture during the receiving, lifting, and sliding transitions is unaffected by equipment vibration, the push plate mechanism exhibits good robustness, and impact noise and component wear are reduced.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the damping element includes: A first buffer cylinder is fixed to the base plate and is connected to the push block or the slider in a transmission manner. The first buffer cylinder is used to generate a first damping force. The second buffer cylinder is spaced apart from the first buffer cylinder, fixed to the base plate, and drivenly connected to the push block or the slider. The second buffer cylinder is used to generate a second damping force.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The first buffer cylinder generates a first damping force to absorb the impact when the pusher blocks switch from the waiting position to the unloading position; the second buffer cylinder generates a second damping force to restrain the free fall of the pusher blocks when they reset from the unloading position to the waiting position. Thus, the damping for the two stages of the pusher blocks' lifting and resetting motion is provided by independent buffer elements, and the damping parameters can be set independently according to their different kinetic energy characteristics. The first and second buffer cylinders are arranged alternately, distributing the damping reaction force to different positions on the substrate, avoiding uneven loading and jamming of a single buffer element due to concentrated force. Simultaneously, the first and second buffer cylinders do not interfere with each other, improving the smoothness and reliability of the pusher blocks' lifting and lowering motion.

[0022] In one alternative implementation, when the pusher blocks switch from the waiting position to the unloading position, the belt conveyor mechanism retracts a preset distance.

[0023] Beneficial effects: While the pusher lifts the frame upwards, the belt conveyor mechanism retracts a preset distance. The combination of these two actions releases the support of the rear stacked frames on the frame to be lifted in the conveying direction, instantly creating a gap between the lifted frame and the rear stack. This overcomes the adhesive inertia caused by the interlocking and biting of adjacent profiles, reduces the probability of multiple frames being lifted simultaneously in a single lifting action, and provides a guarantee for subsequent separation of each frame. The separation action is highly reliable.

[0024] In one optional implementation, the item-by-item transfer mechanism includes: The second driving component is mounted on the frame. A temporary storage component is fixedly connected to the frame and has a first receiving notch. The first receiving notch is composed of a first bottom wall and a first side wall connected to each other. The first bottom wall is parallel to the conveying direction, and the normal of the first side wall forms a third preset angle with the gravity direction. The height of the first bottom wall is lower than the height of the discharge side of the second inclined surface, and the first bottom wall is adjacent to the second inclined surface. The conveying component is connected to the second driving component and has a second receiving notch. The second receiving notch is composed of a second bottom wall and a second side wall connected together. The second bottom wall is parallel to the conveying direction, and the normal of the second side wall forms a fourth preset angle with the direction of gravity. The conveyor has a material receiving position and a material dropping position. When the conveyor is in the material receiving position, the second bottom wall is flush with the first bottom wall and the second bottom wall is adjacent to the second inclined surface. The second driving member can drive the conveyor to move along the second path to switch the material receiving position and the material dropping position.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The first bottom wall is lower than the discharge side of the second inclined surface and is adjacent to the second inclined surface, allowing the photovoltaic frame sliding down the first slide to naturally enter the first receiving gap. The side of the first receiving gap facing the second inclined surface is open, ensuring unobstructed and uninterrupted frame sliding. The first side wall is inclined, so when the frame falls into the gap, it contacts the first side wall and is supported by it at an angle, further eliminating lateral offset at both ends of the frame. The cross-sectional orientation of the frame is calibrated to the target orientation where the first contact surface fits against the first bottom wall. When the conveyor is in the receiving position, the second bottom wall is flush with the first bottom wall, and the conveyor and the temporary storage component jointly receive the frame. When the second drive component moves the conveyor along the second path, the conveyor lifts and moves the frame within the first receiving gap. Each moving action acts on only one frame, thus realizing the individual moving of photovoltaic frames. The inclined second side wall applies a centering restoring force to the frame during the moving process, suppressing the frame's swaying within the gap due to center of gravity offset, improving the stability and positioning accuracy of frame moving.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the temporary storage component is provided with a plurality of first limiting notches, and the plurality of first limiting notches are distributed sequentially at intervals from the first receiving notch along the conveying direction; The conveying component is provided with a plurality of second limiting notches, which are distributed sequentially at intervals from the second receiving notch along the conveying direction; When the conveyor switches from the material receiving position to the material dropping position, the second receiving notch or the second limiting notch supports the photovoltaic frame to drive the photovoltaic frame to move along the second path, so as to transfer the photovoltaic frame within the first receiving notch or the first limiting notch to the next adjacent first limiting notch.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Each time the conveyor completes the switch between the receiving and unloading positions, the photovoltaic frames within each notch are simultaneously moved one notch spacing. The photovoltaic frames are conveyed sequentially through each first limiting notch to the assembly station in a step-by-step manner along the conveying direction. The conveying rhythm is clear, and the spacing between adjacent frames is uniform, which facilitates matching with the working rhythm of downstream assembly equipment. At the same time, each frame is constrained within an independent notch during the conveying process, and adjacent frames do not contact or interfere with each other. The conveying position of the frames is precise, and the posture remains uniform, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the feeding process.

[0028] In one optional embodiment, the item-by-item transfer mechanism further includes: The fourth and fifth limiting plates, which are set opposite to each other, are both fixed to the conveying component, and the distance between the fourth and fifth limiting plates is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The fourth and fifth limiting plates are fixed to the conveyor and move synchronously along the second path with the conveyor. The fourth and fifth limiting plates form interval boundaries at both ends of the photovoltaic frame. During the start-up, braking, and step-switching processes of the conveyor, the photovoltaic frame is prone to shifting due to inertia. The fourth and fifth limiting plates provide stops from both ends of the photovoltaic frame, confining it within the corresponding receiving or limiting notches. This prevents the photovoltaic frame from sliding out of the notch or deviating from its predetermined position during step-by-step transfer, ensuring that the photovoltaic frame is transferred to the next adjacent first limiting notch. The fourth and fifth limiting plates move synchronously with the conveyor, providing end alignment references for each photovoltaic frame carried on the conveyor, keeping multiple photovoltaic frames aligned in the transfer direction and improving the stability of sequential transfer.

[0030] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: The first monitoring element has its monitoring end facing the first inclined surface, and the first monitoring element is used to obtain the first material storage information on the first inclined surface. The second monitoring element has its monitoring end facing the first receiving notch, and the second monitoring element is used to obtain the second material storage information on the first receiving notch; The control unit is electrically connected to the first monitoring unit, the second monitoring unit, the first driving unit, and the second driving unit, respectively.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The first monitoring component senses in real time whether there is a frame to be lifted on the first inclined surface, and the second monitoring component senses in real time whether there is a frame to be transferred at the first receiving gap. The control component receives the first and second storage information and issues control commands to the first and second driving components respectively based on the first and second storage information: when there is a frame to be lifted on the first inclined surface, the control component drives the first driving component to switch the waiting position and unloading position of the push block; when there is a frame to be transferred in the first receiving gap, the control component drives the second driving component to switch the receiving position and dropping position of the conveyor. The control component coordinates the lifting action of the push plate mechanism and the stepping action of the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism based on the actual information fed back by the first and second monitoring components, avoiding empty action, material accumulation or interruption of material supply caused by asynchronous actions between the two links. This enables the device to achieve adaptive linkage operation under unattended conditions, improving the reliability and continuity of the automatic operation of the whole machine. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame in a target orientation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame in a first orientation, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame in a second orientation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame in a third orientation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic frame directional feeding device provided in this application, which includes removing the frame, removing the first limiting plate, removing the housing of the drive component in the belt conveyor mechanism, and removing the lateral guide. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the center circle A; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the center circle B; Figure 9An exploded view of the pusher mechanism in a photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device provided in this application embodiment.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 101. Frame; 201. Belt conveyor mechanism; 2011. Belt carrying section; 202. First limiting plate; 203. Second limiting plate; 204. Third limiting plate; 301, substrate; 3011, second inclined surface; 302, first driving component; 303, push block; 3031, first inclined surface; 304, slide rail; 305, slider; 306, first buffer cylinder; 307, second buffer cylinder; 401. Second driving component; 402. Temporary storage component; 4021. First receiving notch; 40211. First bottom wall; 40212. First side wall; 4022. First limiting notch; 403. Conveying component; 4031. Second receiving notch; 40311. Second bottom wall; 40312. Second side wall; 4032. Second limiting notch; 404. Fourth limiting plate; 405. Fifth limiting plate; 501, Photovoltaic frame; 5011, First contact surface; 5012, First side surface; 5013, Second side surface; 5014, Corner code. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of this application, but are not limited thereto. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of this application without creative effort are also within the protection scope of this application.

[0040] This application provides a photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device for separating disordered stacked photovoltaic frames 501 one by one and outputting them to the assembly station with a uniform installation orientation and posture, so that subsequent framing equipment can achieve automated framing.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the photovoltaic frame 501 includes a long strip profile and corner brackets 5014 inserted at both ends of the profile. The profile is composed of an integrally formed rectangular block and a rectangular plate. The rectangular plate is fixed to the top surface of the rectangular block. The two ends of the rectangular block are beveled. The rectangular block has a hollow cavity extending from the first beveled surface to the other beveled surface. The two ends of the hollow cavity are used to insert two corner brackets 5014. The top surface of the rectangular block has a through groove, and the rectangular plate and the through groove are separated by the hollow cavity. Due to the asymmetrical cross-section of the profile, the center of gravity of the photovoltaic frame 501 is biased towards its bottom, and the photovoltaic frame 501 has a clear directionality during installation. The photovoltaic frame 501 has a first abutment surface 5011 for fitting with each load-bearing structure. The first abutment surface 5011 is the bottom surface of the photovoltaic frame 501.

[0042] For ease of explanation, this embodiment defines several postures of the photovoltaic frame 501 as follows: When the photovoltaic frame 501 is in the target posture, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the photovoltaic frame 501 (i.e., the first abutment surface 5011) abuts against the corresponding bearing surface; when the photovoltaic frame 501 is in the first posture, as... Figure 2As shown, the second side 5013 of the photovoltaic frame 501 abuts against the corresponding bearing surface, and the free ends of the two corner brackets 5014 both face the right side of the photovoltaic frame 501; when the photovoltaic frame 501 is in the second posture, as Figure 3 As shown, the free ends of the two corner brackets 5014 in the photovoltaic frame 501 abut against the bearing surface, and the second side 5013 of the photovoltaic frame 501 abuts against the adjacent surface; when the photovoltaic frame 501 is in the third posture, as... Figure 4 As shown, the free ends of the two corner brackets 5014 in the photovoltaic frame 501 are both facing the left side of the photovoltaic frame 501, and the sides of the two corner brackets 5014 abut against the bearing surface, while the first side 5012 of the photovoltaic frame 501 is located outside the bearing surface.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device of this application includes a frame 101, a conveying mechanism, a pusher mechanism, and a piece-by-piece transfer mechanism. The frame 101 serves as the installation foundation for the entire device. The frame 101 can be a frame assembled from aluminum profiles or a welded steel structure frame. Space is reserved below the frame 101 for the oblique movement of the moving parts of the pusher mechanism. The conveying mechanism is located on the frame 101 and is used to convey the photovoltaic frames 501 along a first path. Multiple photovoltaic frames 501 are placed horizontally on the conveying mechanism for conveying, and the first ends of all photovoltaic frames 501 on the conveying mechanism face the same side of the frame 101. That is, when the operator places the photovoltaic frames 501, the first ends of all photovoltaic frames 501 face one side and the tail ends face the other side. The pusher mechanism is located on the frame 101 and is adjacent to the discharge side of the first path. It is used to receive the photovoltaic frames 501 output by the conveying mechanism and to convey the photovoltaic frames 501 in the target posture or the first posture outwards one by one. The piece-by-piece transfer mechanism is installed on the frame 101, adjacent to the discharge side of the pusher mechanism, and is used to transfer the photovoltaic frames 501 in the target posture one by one to the assembly station. During loading, the operator only needs to place the photovoltaic frames 501 laterally onto the conveying mechanism with the first end facing the same direction. The conveying mechanism transports the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 to the discharge side. The pusher mechanism receives the photovoltaic frames 501 output by the conveying mechanism and successively transports the photovoltaic frames 501 in the target posture or the first posture outward. The piece-by-piece transfer mechanism then transfers the photovoltaic frames 501 in the target posture one by one to the assembly station, thereby realizing the automated directional loading of photovoltaic frames 501 from disordered stacking to individual separation and uniform posture output. The entire directional loading process is completed by the mechanical cooperation between the conveying mechanism, the pusher mechanism, and the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism. There is no need to configure multi-axis robots, 3D cameras, and vision calibration systems. The device structure is simple, and the equipment purchase cost and subsequent maintenance cost are significantly reduced.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor 201. The belt carrying section 2011 in the belt conveyor 201 extends along a first path. The height of the first path increases linearly from its loading side to its discharge side. That is, the end of the belt conveyor 201 near the pusher mechanism is higher than the end away from the pusher mechanism. The first path is an uphill conveying path from low to high. When the belt conveys the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 upward, under the action of gravity, small relative displacements are continuously generated between adjacent photovoltaic frames 501 inside the stack. This weakens the interlayer interlocking caused by static friction on the surface of the photovoltaic frames 501, and destroys the tightly compacted stacking state between each layer of photovoltaic frames 501. This reduces the locking force that the subsequent pusher mechanism needs to overcome when separating the stacked photovoltaic frames 501, and also reduces the probability of multiple photovoltaic frames 501 sticking together and being output at the same time.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the angle between the belt-carrying section 2011 and the direction of gravity is A, where 82°≤A≤85°, meaning the angle between the conveying plane of the belt-carrying section 2011 and the horizontal plane is 5° to 8°. In this embodiment, 6° is selected. When the angle is greater than 8°, the photovoltaic frames 501 stacked on the belt-carrying section 2011 are prone to sliding backward under the action of their own weight, making it impossible to convey the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 to the discharge side of the first path. When the angle is less than 5°, the self-weight component of the photovoltaic frames 501 stacked on the belt-carrying section 2011 is insufficient to generate interlayer micro-movement, which is not conducive to weakening the interlayer interlocking between adjacent photovoltaic frames 501. By limiting the angle A to within 5°~8°, the first path can maintain the interlayer micro-movement effect of uphill conveying while ensuring that the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 can be conveyed to the discharge side by the belt-carrying section 2011, thus achieving a balance between the micro-movement effect required for separation and the stability of conveying.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the conveying mechanism also includes a first limiting plate 202, a second limiting plate 203, and a third limiting plate 204. The first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203 are arranged opposite to each other and are both fixed to the frame 101. The first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203 are respectively located on both sides of the belt conveying mechanism 201 and are arranged perpendicularly along the extension direction of the first path. The distance between the first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203 is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame 501. The two sides of the third limiting plate 204 are respectively fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203. The third limiting plate 204 is located on the feeding side closer to the first path. The pushing mechanism includes a base plate 301, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 101 and is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203. The first limiting plate 202, the second limiting plate 203, the third limiting plate 204, the belt, and the base plate 301 enclose an open storage cavity. The first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203 constitute the limiting boundary of the photovoltaic frame 501 along the length direction. Even if the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 slide laterally along the length direction due to inertia or friction during the conveying process, the first limiting plate 202 and the second limiting plate 203 can limit the sliding range within the preset boundary to prevent the photovoltaic frames 501 from sliding out from both sides of the conveying mechanism. The third limiting plate 204 forms a stop on the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 on the feeding side to prevent the photovoltaic frames 501 from falling from the feeding side when the belt starts, brakes, or retracts. As a result, the operator can directly put the disorderly stacked photovoltaic frames 501 into the open storage cavity without having to neatly stack the photovoltaic frames 501 beforehand. The storage cavity forms a space above the conveying mechanism to accommodate and constrain the stacked photovoltaic frames 501, so that the randomly stacked photovoltaic frames 501 are reliably constrained and conveyed to the discharge side in an orderly manner.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the pusher mechanism also includes a first driving member 302 and a pusher block 303. The first driving member 302 is fixed to the substrate 301. The first driving member 302 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or other linear drive device. In this embodiment, the first driving member 302 is a push rod, which is mounted on the substrate 301. The pusher block 303 is connected to the output end of the first driving member 302 and is slidably connected to the substrate 301. The first driving member 302 can drive the pusher block 303 to reciprocate along a first direction. The first direction forms a second preset angle with the direction of gravity, that is, the pusher block 303 slides along the inclined direction of the substrate 301. The pusher block 303 has a first inclined surface 3031, which is formed on the top surface of the pusher block 303. The normal of the first inclined surface 3031 forms a first preset angle with the direction of gravity. The substrate 301 has a second inclined surface 3011, which is formed on the top surface of the substrate 301. The normal of the second inclined surface 3011 forms a first preset angle with the direction of gravity, that is, the inclination of the first inclined surface 3031 and the second inclined surface 3011 is the same. The first preset angle can be from 155° to 145°, specifically, the first preset angle is 150°. The push block 303 has a waiting position and an unloading position. The first driving member 302 drives the push block 303 to move along a first direction to switch between the waiting position and the unloading position. When the pusher block 303 is in the waiting position, the height of the feeding side of the first inclined surface 3031 is lower than the height of the discharging side of the first path, and a preset height difference is formed between the feeding side and the discharging side of the first path. The first inclined surface 3031 can receive the photovoltaic frame 501 sliding down from the discharging side of the first path. When the pusher block 303 is in the unloading position, the second inclined surface 3011 and the first inclined surface 3031 are spliced ​​together to form a first slide. The end of the first inclined surface 3031 near the substrate 301 is flush with the corresponding end of the second inclined surface 3011. The first slide is a continuous inclined slide without steps, and the photovoltaic frame 501 received by the first inclined surface 3031 can slide down the first slide under the action of gravity. In the waiting position, the preset height difference between the first inclined surface 3031 and the discharging side of the first path allows the photovoltaic frame 501 reaching the discharging side to fall naturally onto the first inclined surface 3031. During a natural fall, because the center of gravity of the photovoltaic frame 501 is close to its bottom, the photovoltaic frame 501 will deflect, causing its bottom to abut against the first inclined surface 3031 and one side of the photovoltaic frame 501 to abut against the substrate 301. At this point, the photovoltaic frame 501 is in the target posture. This preset height difference increases the probability of the photovoltaic frame 501 appearing on the first inclined surface 3031 in the target posture. Of course, there are also photovoltaic frames 501 falling onto the first inclined surface 3031 in other postures.During the process of the first driving component 302 driving the pusher block 303 to move to the unloading position along the first direction to the unloading position, the first inclined surface 3031 can only push the photovoltaic frame 501 in the first or second posture to the unloading position, but cannot push the photovoltaic frame 501 in the third posture to the unloading position. When in the waiting position, one side of the photovoltaic frame 501 in the third posture abuts against the discharge side of the conveying mechanism; while during the rising process of the first inclined surface 3031, the first inclined surface 3031 drives the photovoltaic frame 501 in the third posture to rise, and the side of the photovoltaic frame 501 separates from the discharge side of the conveying mechanism. This causes the frame to fall off the first inclined surface 3031 by itself due to gravity and loss of support in the initial stage of the pusher block 303's lifting, and fall back to the conveying mechanism to wait for the next receiving. At the unloading position, the second inclined surface 3011 and the first inclined surface 3031 are joined to form the first slide. The photovoltaic frame 501 in the second posture flips under the action of gravity, so that one side of it abuts against the first inclined surface 3031. That is, under the action of gravity, the photovoltaic frame 501 in the second posture flips into the photovoltaic frame 501 in the first posture. In summary, at the unloading position, only the photovoltaic frame 501 in the first posture or the photovoltaic frame 501 in the target posture will appear. The photovoltaic frame 501 in the target posture or the first posture slides down along the first slide under the action of gravity. There is no impact from the steps during the sliding process, and the posture of the photovoltaic frame 501 remains undisturbed, thus outputting outward in a uniform posture.

[0048] Furthermore, the widths of the first inclined surface 3031 and the second inclined surface 3011 are both greater than the width of the first abutting surface 5011, but less than twice the width of the first abutting surface 5011. On one hand, since the width of the first inclined surface 3031 is greater than the width of the first abutting surface 5011 of a single photovoltaic frame 501, when two photovoltaic frames 501 that are interlocked and bonded simultaneously partially slide down to the first inclined surface 3031, the first inclined surface 3031 can still provide sufficient supporting area to simultaneously lift the two photovoltaic frames 501, preventing the photovoltaic frames 501 from accidentally sliding down due to insufficient support, thus improving the fault tolerance of the separation action. On the other hand, since the width of the first inclined surface 3031 is less than the sum of the widths of the first abutting surfaces 5011 of the two frames, when three or more frames fall into the first inclined surface 3031 simultaneously, the first inclined surface 3031... 1. It is impossible to establish a complete and stable bottom support contact with the multiple frame edges at the bottom. The excess frame edges that exceed the support range lose bottom support due to gravity and interlayer misalignment in the initial stage of the push block 303 lifting and slide off on their own, which structurally destroys the stable contact of the stacked multiple frame edges. At the same time, the width of the first inclined surface 3031 and the second inclined surface 3011 limits the maximum offset of the two ends of the frame edge along the conveying direction within this width range. Frame edges with offsets exceeding this range cannot be stably supported and fall back to the conveying mechanism. Only frame edges with offsets that meet the requirements can slide along the first slide to the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism, thus realizing the pre-screening of the frame edge posture.

[0049] Furthermore, when the pusher block 303 switches from the waiting position to the unloading position, the belt conveyor mechanism 201 retracts a preset distance, which can be twice the width of the first contact surface. Simultaneously, the pusher block 303 lifts the frame upwards while the belt conveyor mechanism 201 retracts the preset distance. This combination of actions releases the support from the rear stacked frames on the frame to be lifted in the conveying direction, instantly creating a gap between the lifted frame and the rear stack. This overcomes the adhesive inertia caused by the interlocking and meshing of adjacent profiles, reducing the probability of multiple frames being lifted simultaneously in a single lifting action. This provides assurance for subsequent individual separation, ensuring high reliability of the separation action.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, the pusher mechanism also includes a slide rail 304 and a slider 305. The slide rail 304 is fixedly connected to the base plate 301 and is arranged parallel to the lower part of the base plate 301 along the inclined direction of the base plate 301. The slider 305 is slidably connected to the slide rail 304 and fixedly connected to the push block 303, for example, the slider 305 is fixedly connected to the back of the push block 303. The sliding cooperation between the slide rail 304 and the slider 305 provides precise linear guidance for the movement of the push block 303. Under the drive of the first driving member 302, the push block 303 can only move back and forth along the extension direction of the slide rail 304, avoiding the push block 303 from swaying or jamming during the lifting and resetting process. This ensures that when the push block 303 moves to the unloading position, the first inclined surface 3031 can be accurately aligned with the second inclined surface 3011 and spliced ​​to form a continuous first slide. The push block 303 moves smoothly, has high repeatability and positioning accuracy, and has good stability in frame separation output.

[0051] Furthermore, the pusher mechanism also includes a damping element, which is fixed to the base plate 301 and connected to the pusher block 303 or the slider 305. When the pusher block 303 switches from the waiting position to the unloading position, the damping element generates a first damping force; when the pusher block 303 switches from the unloading position to the waiting position, the damping element generates a second damping force. Both the first and second damping forces are parallel to a first direction, and the directions of the first and second damping forces are opposite. In this embodiment, the damping element is fixedly connected to the slider 305, and the damping element can be any one of a damping spring, a rubber buffer pad, or a cylinder buffer. The damping component generates damping forces opposite to the direction of motion in both directions of the push block 303's movement, thus buffering and constraining the push block 303 during both the lifting and lowering phases: when the push block 303 switches upward to the unloading position, the first damping force inhibits the push block 303 from impacting into place, ensuring a smooth connection between the first inclined surface 3031 and the second inclined surface 3011; when the push block 303 resets downward to the waiting position, the second damping force constrains the free fall of the push block 303 under gravity, preventing rapid descent and impact. Therefore, the acceleration of the push block 303 is constrained throughout its reciprocating motion, structural vibration during the movement is suppressed, the posture of the photovoltaic frame 501 during the receiving, lifting, and sliding transitions is not affected by equipment vibration, the push plate mechanism exhibits good robustness, and impact noise and component wear are reduced.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 9As shown, the damping element includes a first buffer cylinder 306 and a second buffer cylinder 307. The cylinder body of the first buffer cylinder 306 is fixed to the base plate 301, and the piston end of the first buffer cylinder 306 is fixedly connected to the slider 305. In an alternative embodiment, the piston end of the first buffer cylinder 306 is fixedly connected to the push block 303. The cylinder body of the second buffer cylinder 307 is fixed to the base plate 301, and the piston end of the second buffer cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider 305. Of course, the piston end of the second buffer cylinder 307 can also be fixedly connected to the push block 303. The first buffer cylinder 306 and the second buffer cylinder 307 are spaced apart along the width direction of the base plate 301, and the stroke of the first buffer cylinder 306 and the second buffer cylinder 307 is along a first direction. The first buffer cylinder 306 generates a first damping force to absorb the impact when the pusher block 303 switches from the waiting position to the unloading position. The second buffer cylinder 307 generates a second damping force to restrain the free fall of the pusher block 303 when it resets from the unloading position to the waiting position. Thus, the damping for the two motion stages of the pusher block 303—lifting and resetting—is provided by independent buffer elements, and the damping parameters can be set independently according to their different kinetic energy characteristics. The first buffer cylinder 306 and the second buffer cylinder 307 are arranged at intervals to distribute the damping reaction force to different positions on the base plate 301, avoiding the uneven loading and jamming of a single buffer element due to concentrated force. At the same time, the first buffer cylinder 306 and the second buffer cylinder do not interfere with each other, improving the smoothness and buffering reliability of the lifting and lowering motion of the pusher block 303.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8As shown, the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism includes a second driving component 401, a temporary storage component 402, and a conveying component 403. The temporary storage component 402 is fixedly connected to the frame 101. A first receiving notch 4021 is provided on the temporary storage component 402. The first receiving notch 4021 is composed of a first bottom wall 40211 and a first side wall 40212 connected to each other. The first bottom wall 40211 is parallel to the transfer direction, and the normal of the first side wall 40212 forms a third preset angle with the direction of gravity, that is, the first side wall 40212 gradually slopes outward from bottom to top. The height of the first bottom wall 40211 is lower than the height of the discharge side of the second inclined surface 3011, and the first bottom wall 40211 is adjacent to the second inclined surface 3011. The side of the first receiving notch 4021 facing the second inclined surface 3011 is an open structure, used to receive the photovoltaic frame 501 sliding down along the first slide. The conveyor 403 is connected to the second drive 401. The conveyor 403 has a second receiving notch 4031, which is formed by a connected second bottom wall 40311 and a second side wall 40312. The second bottom wall 40311 is parallel to the conveying direction, and the normal of the second side wall 40312 forms a fourth preset angle with the direction of gravity, meaning the second side wall 40312 also gradually slopes outwards from bottom to top. The conveyor 403 has a receiving position and a receiving position. The second drive 401 is mounted on the frame 101 and can drive the conveyor 403 to move along a second path to switch between the receiving and receiving positions. When the conveyor 403 is in the receiving position, the second bottom wall 40311 is flush with the first bottom wall 40211 and adjacent to the second inclined surface 3011. The first bottom wall 40211 is lower than the discharge side of the second inclined surface 3011 and is adjacent to the second inclined surface 3011, so that the photovoltaic frame 501 sliding down the first slide can naturally slide into the first receiving notch 4021; the side of the first receiving notch 4021 facing the second inclined surface 3011 is open, so the frame slides down without obstruction or interference. The first side wall 40212 is inclined, so when the frame falls into the notch, it contacts the first side wall 40212 and is supported by it obliquely. The lateral offset at both ends of the frame is further eliminated, and the cross-sectional posture of the frame is calibrated to the target posture of the first abutting surface 5011 fitting the first bottom wall 40211. When the conveyor 403 is in the receiving position, the second bottom wall 40311 is flush with the first bottom wall 40211, and the conveyor 403 and the temporary storage component 402 jointly receive the frame. When the second driving component 401 drives the conveyor 403 to move along the second path, the conveyor 403 lifts and moves the frame within the first receiving notch 4021. Each moving action acts on only one frame, thereby realizing the sequential moving of the photovoltaic frame 501. The second side wall 40312 is inclined, applying a centering and restoring force to the frame during the moving process, suppressing the swaying of the frame within the notch due to the offset of the center of gravity, and improving the stability and positioning accuracy of the frame moving.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the temporary storage component 402 has multiple first limiting notches 4022, which are distributed at equal intervals along the conveying direction starting from the first receiving notch 4021. The conveying component 403 has multiple second limiting notches 4032, which are distributed at equal intervals along the conveying direction starting from the second receiving notch 4031. The first limiting notches 4022 and the second limiting notches 4032 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the conveying direction. The cross-sectional shape of each first limiting notch 4022 and second limiting notch 4032 is similar to that of the first receiving notch 4021 and the second receiving notch 4031, and each includes a bottom wall and two inclined side walls. The width of the bottom wall is adapted to the width of the first abutment surface 5011 of a single photovoltaic frame 501. The two inclined side walls are symmetrically arranged and gradually slope outward from bottom to top. When the conveyor 403 switches from the material receiving position to the material dropping position, the second receiving notch 4031 or the second limiting notch 4032 supports the photovoltaic frame 501, thereby moving the photovoltaic frame 501 along the second path and transferring the photovoltaic frame 501 in the first receiving notch 4021 or the first limiting notch 4022 to the next adjacent first limiting notch 4022. Specifically, the second path includes four strokes executed sequentially: rising, horizontal forward movement, falling, and horizontal backward movement: the conveyor 403 first rises, causing each notch on it to support the photovoltaic frame 501 in the corresponding notch of the temporary storage component 402; then it moves horizontally forward by one notch spacing; subsequently, it falls, placing each photovoltaic frame 501 into the next adjacent first limiting notch 4022; finally, it moves horizontally backward to reset, completing one step cycle. Each time the conveyor 403 completes the switch between the receiving position and the unloading position, the photovoltaic frame 501 within each notch is simultaneously moved one notch spacing. The photovoltaic frame 501 is conveyed to the assembly station in a step-by-step manner along the conveying direction, passing through each first limiting notch 4022. The conveying rhythm is clear, and the spacing between adjacent frames is uniform, which facilitates matching with the working rhythm of downstream assembly equipment. At the same time, each frame is constrained within an independent notch during the conveying process, and adjacent frames do not contact or interfere with each other. The conveying position of the frames is precise, and the posture remains uniform, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the material feeding.

[0055] Furthermore, two or three temporary storage components 402 can be provided. Multiple temporary storage components 402 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the photovoltaic frame 501. The number of conveying components 403 matches the number of temporary storage components 402. A conveying component 403 is provided between two adjacent temporary storage components 402. By providing multiple temporary storage components 402 and multiple conveying components 403, multiple points of support are formed for the photovoltaic frame 501 at multiple locations. This avoids the long strip-shaped photovoltaic frame 501 from drooping or bending deformation in the middle or end due to its own weight during horizontal transfer, ensuring that the photovoltaic frame 501 is transferred smoothly.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism also includes a base plate mounted on the frame 101, and each plate-shaped component of the conveying component 403 is mounted on the base plate via a mounting seat. The second driving component 401 may include a horizontal driving unit and a vertical driving unit. The horizontal driving unit is arranged parallel to the transfer direction on the base plate, and the vertical driving unit is drivenly connected to the output end of the horizontal driving unit. The output end of the vertical driving unit is drivenly connected to a transmission plate arranged perpendicular to the transfer direction, and the transmission plate is fixedly connected to each plate-shaped component of the conveying component 403. The horizontal driving unit can drive the conveying component 403 to move horizontally forward and backward, and the vertical driving unit can drive the conveying component 403 to rise and fall. The two work together to realize the stepping movement of the conveying component 403 along the second path. Both the horizontal driving unit and the vertical driving unit can be cylinders, or motors combined with lead screws, gear racks, or other linear movement mechanisms.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the component transfer mechanism also includes a fourth limiting plate 404 and a fifth limiting plate 405 arranged opposite to each other. The fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 have the same structure and dimensions. Taking the fourth limiting plate 404 as an example, the fourth limiting plate 404 extends along the transfer direction, which is the horizontal direction. The distance between the fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame 501. When there is only one conveying component 403, both the fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 are fixed to the conveying component 403, and both the fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. When there are two or more conveying components 403, the fourth limiting plate 404 is fixed to the first conveying component 403, and the fifth limiting plate 405 is fixed to the last conveying component 403. Figure 5Taking the perspective of [the device] as an example, the first conveyor 403 is the leftmost conveyor 403, and the last conveyor 403 is the rightmost conveyor 403. The fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 are fixed to the conveyor 403 and move synchronously along the second path with the conveyor 403. The fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 form a gap boundary at both ends of the photovoltaic frame 501: during the start-up, braking and step-switching process of the conveyor 403, the photovoltaic frame 501 is prone to shifting due to inertia. The fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 provide stops from both ends of the photovoltaic frame 501, restricting the photovoltaic frame 501 within the corresponding receiving notch or limiting notch, preventing the photovoltaic frame 501 from sliding out of the notch or deviating from the predetermined position during step-moving, and ensuring that the photovoltaic frame 501 is moved into the next adjacent first limiting notch 4022. The fourth limiting plate 404 and the fifth limiting plate 405 move synchronously with the conveyor 403, providing end alignment references for each photovoltaic frame 501 carried on the conveyor 403, ensuring that multiple photovoltaic frames 501 remain aligned in the transfer direction, thus improving the stability of the sequential transfer. Furthermore, the device also includes a first monitoring element, a second monitoring element, and a control element. The first monitoring element is located at the first inclined surface 3031, with its monitoring end facing the first inclined surface 3031. The second monitoring element is located at the first receiving notch 4021, with its monitoring end facing the first receiving notch. Both the first and second monitoring elements can be photoelectric sensors, infrared sensors, pressure sensors, ultrasonic sensors, or other common conventional monitoring devices used to determine the presence of material on the carrying platform. In this embodiment, both the first and second monitoring elements are ultrasonic sensors. The control unit can be any of the following: a central control room, a computer terminal, a microcontroller, or a PLC controller. The control unit is electrically connected to the first monitoring unit, the second monitoring unit, the first drive unit 302, the second drive unit 401, and the motor in the belt conveyor mechanism 201 via wireless communication or cables. When the first monitoring unit detects that a photovoltaic frame 501 is being fed onto the first inclined surface 3031, the first drive unit 302 drives the push block 303 to rise along the first direction, while the belt conveyor mechanism 201 retracts a preset distance. When the second monitoring unit detects that a photovoltaic frame 501 is being fed into the first receiving notch 4021, the second drive unit 401 drives the conveyor 403 to perform the aforementioned stepping motion, thereby realizing the sequential transfer of individual photovoltaic frames 501.The first monitoring component senses in real time whether there is a frame to be lifted on the first inclined surface 3031, and the second monitoring component senses in real time whether there is a frame to be transferred on the first receiving notch 4021. The control component receives the first and second storage information and issues control commands to the first drive component 302 and the second drive component 401 respectively based on the first and second storage information: when there is a frame to be lifted on the first inclined surface 3031, the control component drives the first drive component 302 to switch the waiting position and unloading position of the push block 303; when there is a frame to be transferred in the first receiving notch 4021, the control component drives the second drive component 401 to switch the receiving position and dropping position of the conveyor 403. The control component coordinates the lifting action of the push plate mechanism and the stepping action of the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism based on the actual information fed back by the first and second monitoring components, avoiding empty action, material accumulation or interruption of material supply caused by asynchronous actions of the two links, enabling the device to achieve adaptive linkage operation under unattended conditions, and improving the reliability and continuity of the automatic operation of the whole machine.

[0058] Furthermore, this device can also be equipped with a transfer mechanism to transfer the single photovoltaic frame 501 output from the output end of the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism to the next process. The transfer mechanism can adopt conventional technical means. For example, the transfer mechanism includes a mounting frame, which is set on the end of the base plate away from the push plate mechanism. A linear drive structure (such as a linear guide rail, servo module, etc.) is installed on the mounting frame perpendicular to the transfer direction. A lifting drive cylinder is vertically installed at the output end of the linear drive structure, and the output end of the lifting drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the adsorption component. A third sensor can also be provided at the output end of the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism. When the third sensor detects that the photovoltaic frame 501 has arrived at the output end, the lifting drive cylinder of the transfer mechanism drives the adsorption component to pick up the photovoltaic frame 501 after attitude adjustment. Then, under the drive of the linear drive structure, the photovoltaic frame 501 is transferred to the loading end of the equipment for the next process (such as the framing process).

[0059] The workflow of the photovoltaic frame directional feeding device of this application is as follows: Placement stage: The operator places multiple photovoltaic frames 501 horizontally into the storage cavity of the conveying mechanism with their first ends facing the same direction. The photovoltaic frames 501 do not need to be neatly stacked; they can be stacked randomly.

[0060] Conveying stage: The belt conveyor mechanism 201 conveys the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 upward along the first path. Under the action of gravity, a slight relative displacement occurs between adjacent photovoltaic frames 501 inside the stack, and the interlayer interlocking is weakened. The first limiting plate 202, the second limiting plate 203, and the third limiting plate 204 constrain the stacked photovoltaic frames 501 within the storage cavity. When the photovoltaic frames 501 reach the discharge side of the first path, they naturally fall onto the first inclined surface 3031. During the fall, most of the photovoltaic frames 501 are in the target posture with their bottom abutting against the first inclined surface 3031 and their sides abutting against the substrate 301 due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0061] Lifting and Separation Stage: After the first monitoring component detects the incoming material on the first inclined surface 3031, the first driving component 302 drives the push block 303 to lift along the slide rail 304. At the same time, the belt conveyor mechanism 201 retracts a preset distance, and the gap between the lifted photovoltaic frame 501 and the rear stacked body is instantly opened. The photovoltaic frame 501 in the third posture falls off by itself in the initial stage of lifting because it loses the support of the material discharge side of the conveyor mechanism and falls back to the conveyor mechanism. At the same time, three or more photovoltaic frames 501 that have fallen into the first inclined surface 3031 slide off and scatter because they cannot be stably supported.

[0062] Sliding and Buffering Stage: After the pusher block 303 moves to the unloading position, the first inclined surface 3031 and the second inclined surface 3011 are spliced ​​to form a continuous first slide. The photovoltaic frame 501 in the second posture flips to the first posture under the action of gravity. The photovoltaic frame 501 in the target posture or the first posture slides down along the first slide and is buffered on the second inclined surface 3011. The gravity of the next photovoltaic frame 501 can push the previous photovoltaic frame 501 to slide into the first receiving gap 4021. When the photovoltaic frame 501 in the first posture slides to the first receiving gap, it deflects to the target posture under the action of the abutment force of the first side wall 40212 and gravity.

[0063] In the sequential transfer stage: After the second monitoring component detects the photovoltaic frame 501 within the first receiving notch 4021, the second driving component 401 drives the conveying component 403 to first rise and lift the photovoltaic frame 501, then move horizontally forward by one notch spacing, and then descend to place the photovoltaic frame 501 into the next adjacent first limiting notch 4022, and finally horizontally retract to reset. This process is repeated, with each photovoltaic frame 501 being conveyed sequentially to the assembly station in a step-by-step manner along the transfer direction, and each photovoltaic frame 501 maintaining the target posture of its first contact surface 5011 adhering to the bottom wall of the notch.

[0064] Transfer stage: After the photovoltaic frame 501 reaches the output end of the piece-by-piece transfer mechanism, it is picked up by the transfer mechanism and transferred to the loading end of the framing process equipment to complete the entire directional loading process.

[0065] In the complete workflow described above, the coarse separation, posture screening, posture calibration, and individual transfer of photovoltaic frames 501 are all automatically completed by the cooperation of mechanical structure and gravity. Operators only need to perform disordered placement actions, without having to sort and adjust the posture of each photovoltaic frame 501 individually, which greatly reduces labor intensity and improves material loading efficiency. Moreover, the photovoltaic frames 501 are free from collisions and hard impacts throughout the process, and their surface quality is reliably protected.

[0066] It should be noted that the technical features in the above embodiments of this application can be reasonably combined and replaced to form new embodiments without creating contradictions. For example, the inclined uphill conveying mechanism can be used in conjunction with the belt retraction linkage control to further reduce the probability of multiple photovoltaic frame 501 sticking together; the push plate mechanism of the first buffer cylinder 306 can be used in conjunction with the step-by-step transfer mechanism to ensure smooth connection of the action rhythm of the separation and transfer stages.

[0067] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic frame directional feeding device, characterized in that, include: Frame (101); A conveying mechanism is provided on the frame (101) for conveying photovoltaic frames (501) along a first path. The first ends of all the photovoltaic frames (501) carried on the conveying mechanism face the same side of the frame (101). A push plate mechanism is provided on the frame (101) and is arranged adjacent to the discharge side of the first path. The push plate mechanism is used to convey the photovoltaic frame (501) in the target posture or the first posture to the outside. A component-by-component transfer mechanism is installed on the frame (101) and is used to transfer the photovoltaic frame (501) in the target posture one by one to the assembly station.

2. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a belt conveyor (201), in which a belt-carrying section (2011) extends along the first path, the height of which increases linearly from the feeding side to the discharge side.

3. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the belt bearing section (2011) and the direction of gravity is A, where 82°≤A≤85°.

4. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism further includes: The first limiting plate (202) and the second limiting plate (203) are set opposite to each other. Both the first limiting plate (202) and the second limiting plate (203) are fixed to the frame (101). The distance between the first limiting plate (202) and the second limiting plate (203) is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame (501). The third limiting plate (204) is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate (202) and the second limiting plate (203) on both sides respectively, and the third limiting plate (204) is located on the feeding side close to the first path; The push plate mechanism includes a base plate (301), which is fixedly mounted on the frame (101) and is fixedly connected to the first limiting plate (202) and the second limiting plate (203) respectively. The first limiting plate (202), the second limiting plate (203), the third limiting plate (204), the belt bearing section (2011), and the base plate (301) surround and form an open storage cavity.

5. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pusher mechanism also includes: A first driving member (302) is fixed to the substrate (301); A push block (303) is connected to the first driving member (302) and slidably connected to the substrate (301). The push block (303) has a first inclined surface (3031), and the normal of the first inclined surface (3031) forms a first preset angle with the direction of gravity. The pusher block (303) has a waiting position and an unloading position. When the pusher block (303) is in the waiting position, the height of the feeding side of the first inclined surface (3031) is lower than the height of the discharging side of the first path, and a preset height difference is formed between the feeding side of the first inclined surface (3031) and the discharging side of the first path. The substrate (301) has a second inclined surface (3011), and the normal of the second inclined surface (3011) forms the first preset angle with the direction of gravity. When the push block (303) is in the unloading position, the second inclined surface (3011) and the first inclined surface (3031) are spliced ​​together to form a first slide. The first driving member (302) can drive the pusher (303) to move along the first direction to switch the waiting position and the unloading position. The first direction forms a second preset angle with the gravity direction.

6. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic frame (501) has a first contact surface (5011), and the widths of the first inclined surface (3031) and the second inclined surface (3011) are both greater than the width of the first contact surface (5011) and less than twice the width of the first contact surface (5011).

7. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pusher mechanism also includes: The slide rail (304) is fixedly connected to the base plate (301); The slider (305) is slidably connected to the slide rail (304) and fixedly connected to the push block (303).

8. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The push plate mechanism also includes a damping element, which is fixed to the base plate (301) and connected to the push block (303) or the slider (305); When the pusher (303) switches from the waiting position to the unloading position, the damping element generates a first damping force; When the pusher (303) switches from the unloading position to the waiting position, the damping element generates a second damping force; Both the first damping force and the second damping force are parallel to the first direction, and the directions of the first damping force and the second damping force are opposite.

9. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The damping element includes: The first buffer cylinder (306) is fixed to the base plate (301) and is connected to the push block (303) or the slider (305) in a transmission manner. The first buffer cylinder (306) is used to generate the first damping force. The second buffer cylinder (307) is spaced apart from the first buffer cylinder (306), is fixed to the base plate (301), and is connected to the push block (303) or the slider (305) in a transmission manner. The second buffer cylinder (307) is used to generate a second damping force.

10. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to any one of claims 5, 6, 7, and 9, characterized in that, When the pusher block (303) switches from the waiting position to the unloading position, the belt conveyor mechanism (201) retracts a preset distance.

11. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The item-by-item transfer mechanism includes: The second drive unit (401) is mounted on the frame (101); A temporary storage component (402) is fixedly connected to the frame (101) and has a first receiving notch (4021) on it. The first receiving notch (4021) is composed of a first bottom wall (40211) and a first side wall (40212) connected to each other. The first bottom wall (40211) is parallel to the conveying direction. The normal of the first side wall (40212) forms a third preset angle with the gravity direction. The height of the first bottom wall (40211) is lower than the height of the discharge side of the second inclined surface (3011), and the first bottom wall (40211) is adjacent to the second inclined surface (3011). The conveying component (403) is connected to the second driving component (401) and has a second receiving notch (4031) on it. The second receiving notch (4031) is composed of a second bottom wall (40311) and a second side wall (40312) connected to each other. The second bottom wall (40311) is parallel to the conveying direction, and the normal of the second side wall (40312) forms a fourth preset angle with the direction of gravity. The conveying component (403) has a material receiving position and a material dropping position. When the conveying component (403) is in the material receiving position, the second bottom wall (40311) is flush with the first bottom wall (40211), and the second bottom wall (40311) is adjacent to the second inclined surface (3011). The second driving member (401) can drive the conveying member (403) to move along the second path to switch the material receiving position and the material dropping position.

12. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The temporary storage component (402) is provided with a plurality of first limiting notches (4022), and the plurality of first limiting notches (4022) are distributed sequentially at intervals from the first receiving notch (4021) along the transfer direction; The conveying component (403) is provided with a plurality of second limiting notches (4032), and the plurality of second limiting notches (4032) are distributed sequentially at intervals from the second receiving notch (4031) along the conveying direction; When the conveying component (403) switches from the material receiving position to the material dropping position, the second receiving notch (4031) or the second limiting notch (4032) supports the photovoltaic frame (501) to drive the photovoltaic frame (501) to move along the second path, so as to transfer the photovoltaic frame (501) in the first receiving notch (4021) or the first limiting notch (4022) to the next adjacent first limiting notch (4022).

13. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The item-by-item transfer mechanism also includes: The fourth limiting plate (404) and the fifth limiting plate (405) are fixed to the conveying member (403) and are arranged opposite to each other. The distance between the fourth limiting plate (404) and the fifth limiting plate (405) is greater than the length of the photovoltaic frame (501).

14. The photovoltaic frame orientation feeding device according to claim 13, characterized in that, Also includes: The first monitoring element has its monitoring end facing the first inclined surface, and the first monitoring element is used to obtain the first material storage information on the first inclined surface. The second monitoring element has its monitoring end facing the first receiving notch, and the second monitoring element is used to obtain the second material storage information on the first receiving notch; The control unit is electrically connected to the first monitoring unit, the second monitoring unit, the first driving unit, and the second driving unit, respectively.

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