A marine transportation hoisting tool and hoisting system

Abstract

The present application relates to the offshore transportation engineering technical field, disclose a kind of offshore transportation hoisting tool and hoisting system, hoisting tool includes panel, support system and lifting drive mechanism.Panels are suitable for carrying hoisted object, support system lower end connects transport ship, upper end fixedly connected panel, support system has the telescopic structure of changing the height of panel.Lifting drive mechanism is connected to support system, for exerting lifting force to drive support system to extend and position panel to working height.When hoisted object is hoisted from panel and lifting drive mechanism removes the lifting force to support system, support system is automatically contracted under the action of panel and its gravity, drive panel to drop to increase the vertical distance with hoisted object.The present application can reduce height instantly without external power or control signal intervention at the moment of lifting, increase the safety distance between hoisted object and tool and ship, effectively avoid the collision caused by ship heave, improve the safety of offshore hoisting operation and sea state adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine transportation engineering technology, specifically to a marine transportation hoisting tool and hoisting system. Background Technology

[0002] In offshore engineering construction, for operations involving the hoisting of large components or equipment, the crane vessel first uses its hook to vertically lift the object from the deck of the transport vessel, and then transfers it to the installation location. Offshore hoisting operations differ from onshore hoisting operations. Offshore hoisting operations are carried out under the combined loads of wind, waves, and ocean currents, causing continuous and irregular heave, roll, and pitch movements of both the transport vessel and the crane vessel.

[0003] At the moment when the load is about to be completely detached from the transport vessel, the vertical distance between the load and the ship's deck or supporting equipment is minimal. At this point, if the ship suddenly rises due to wave action, or the load sinks due to changes in the tension of the slings, a violent collision can easily occur. In actual engineering projects, such collisions can cause minor surface damage to components, or even serious safety accidents such as sling breakage and component collapse. To ensure operational safety, current practices typically require sea wave heights to be strictly below a specified threshold, such as 0.5 meters. This method compresses the operational window for offshore lifting, leading to project delays and increased costs.

[0004] In related technologies, the tooling used on transport ships to support large equipment is mostly fixed-height supports or blocks. The height of such tooling remains constant before and after lifting, without a reasonable safety distance. Some solutions attempt to use lifting platforms driven by hydraulic cylinders or electric screws, but these active toolings have reliability issues such as sealing failure, response delay, and electrical faults in the high humidity, high salinity, and unstable swaying environment at sea. In addition, they require external power sources and control signals, making it difficult to achieve real-time automatic collision avoidance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a marine transport lifting tool and lifting system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a marine transport lifting fixture, comprising: The panel is suitable for supporting the suspended object; A support system, with its lower end adapted to be connected to a transport vessel and its upper end fixedly connected to the panel, the support system having a telescopic structure capable of changing the vertical height of the panel relative to the transport vessel; A lifting drive mechanism, connected to the support system, is used to apply a lifting force to drive the support system to extend vertically, thereby positioning the panel to the required working height; When the object being lifted is removed from the panel and the lifting drive mechanism releases the lifting force on the support system, the support system automatically retracts under the action of the panel and its own weight, causing the panel to descend, thereby increasing the vertical distance between the panel and the object being lifted.

[0007] Beneficial Effects: This application connects the panel to the transport vessel via a support system with a telescopic structure. In conjunction with a lifting drive mechanism, the panel is positioned at the working height. Once the load is lifted and the lifting drive mechanism releases the lifting force on the support system, the support system automatically retracts under the weight of the panel and itself, causing the panel to descend. This design allows for instantaneous lowering of the tooling height without external power or control signals during lifting, dynamically increasing the vertical distance between the load, the tooling, and the vessel. This effectively avoids collisions caused by the vessel's heave, improving the safety and sea condition adaptability of offshore lifting operations. Simultaneously, it solves the reliability problems of existing active lifting platforms that rely on external power and suffer from response delays.

[0008] In some embodiments, the support system includes at least one pair of scissor braces and a leg pivot connecting all the scissor braces; each pair of scissor braces includes a first leg and a second leg, the first leg and the second leg being cross-hinged via the leg pivot. The lifting drive mechanism has an installation end and a moving end. The installation end is adapted to be fixedly connected to the transport vessel, and the moving end is fixedly connected to the pivot shaft of the outrigger.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The support system adopts a structure consisting of at least one pair of scissor braces. The first and second legs are cross-hinged through a central pivot shaft, ensuring smooth and controllable extension and retraction of the support system. The geometry of the scissor braces guarantees that the panel remains horizontal during lifting, avoiding the risk of tilting due to uneven loading. The moving end of the lifting drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the central pivot shaft, allowing the lifting drive force to act directly on the cross hinge point of the scissor braces through the pivot shaft. This minimizes the force path and maximizes transmission efficiency, ensuring the synchronicity and stability of the panel's lifting.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support system further includes a lower fixed hinge support and an upper fixed hinge support, wherein the lower fixed hinge support is fixedly connected to the transport vessel and the upper fixed hinge support is fixedly connected to the panel. The bottom of the first leg is hinged to the lower fixed hinge support, and the top of the first leg slides in engagement with the upper rail fixed to the bottom surface of the panel via an upper roller; the bottom of the second leg slides in engagement with the lower rail fixed to the transport vessel via a lower roller, and the top of the second leg is hinged to the upper fixed hinge support.

[0011] Beneficial effects: This design incorporates lower and upper fixed hinge supports. The first leg features a fixed hinge at the bottom and a sliding connection to the upper rail via an upper roller at the top; the second leg features a fixed hinge at the top and a sliding connection to the lower rail via a lower roller at the bottom. This asymmetrical connection allows the rollers to slide smoothly along the rail during the expansion and contraction of the scissor brace, effectively releasing horizontal displacement caused by changes in the scissor brace angle and preventing structural jamming or additional stress concentration. The single-sided sliding and single-sided fixed connection structure ensures that the support system can still expand and contract flexibly under heavy loads, improving the load-bearing capacity and reliability of the tooling.

[0012] In some embodiments, the panel includes a binding area and a support area, the support area being hinged to the panel via a support pivot, the support area being able to open upward relative to the binding area around the central axis of the support pivot; the side of the support area away from the support pivot is attached to the panel via a step.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Dividing the panel into a binding area and a load-bearing area, the load-bearing area is hinged to a load-bearing pivot to open upwards. Simultaneously, the side of the load-bearing area away from the pivot overlaps the panel via a step, ensuring the load-bearing area remains flat with the panel under normal conditions to stably support the suspended load. When descent is required, it can rotate upwards around the pivot to avoid obstructing moving parts of the support system below, preventing structural interference that could hinder descent and significantly reducing the panel's height. This partitioned design ensures load-bearing flatness and transportation stability while providing reliable movement space for the smooth retraction of the support system, balancing the needs of both load-bearing and descent functions.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the bearing area is provided with a wedge-shaped reaction bracket; the support system further includes a connecting beam fixed to the first leg, at least one support roller is rotatably provided on the connecting beam, and the wedge-shaped reaction bracket is disposed between the first limit point and the second limit point of the movement path of the support roller; There is no preload between the first contour surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket and the support roller before the load is placed on the load-bearing area; when the load is placed on the load-bearing area, the wedge-shaped reaction bracket is pressed against the support roller under the action of gravity to form a self-locking fit.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This design incorporates a wedge-shaped reaction bracket on the bottom surface of the load-bearing area and a support roller rotatably mounted on the connecting beam. The reaction bracket is positioned between the first and second limit points of the support roller's movement path. There is no preload between the first contour surface of the reaction bracket and the support roller before load bearing. This allows the reaction bracket to naturally press against the support roller under gravity after the suspended object is placed in the load-bearing area, forming a self-locking engagement. This purely mechanical self-locking design requires no external locking device or control signal, automatically locking the support system at the moment of load bearing, ensuring the stability of the tooling during transportation. Furthermore, the absence of preload simplifies installation and commissioning, avoiding self-locking failure or unlocking difficulties caused by improper preload settings.

[0016] In some embodiments, the included angle between the two contour surfaces of the wedge-shaped reaction force bracket is an acute angle, so that when the support roller rolls from the first contour surface to the second contour surface, it first pushes the bearing area to open, and after passing the contour surface switching point, the bearing area closes under the action of gravity.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By setting the included angle between the two contour surfaces of the wedge-shaped reaction force bracket to an acute angle, when the support roller rolls along the first contour surface to the second contour surface, the horizontal movement of the roller generates an upward component force, thereby pushing the load-bearing area to open upward against gravity. After the roller passes the switching point where the first and second contour surfaces intersect, the load-bearing area automatically closes and resets under its own gravity. This wedge-shaped acute angle design, combined with the roller, achieves motion control of the load-bearing area opening first and then closing, linking the movement trajectory of the support system during contraction with the opening or closing action of the load-bearing area, ensuring the smoothness and automation of the descent process, and completing the load-bearing area avoidance control without an additional power source.

[0018] In some embodiments, the marine transport lifting fixture has a loaded state and a lowered state: In the load-bearing state, the panel is at the working height, the load-bearing area carries the suspended object, the wedge-shaped reaction bracket bears the weight of the suspended object and presses the support roller, restricting the opening of the load-bearing area, and the support system maintains stable load-bearing. In the descent state, the load-bearing area is detached from the suspended object, and the support rollers roll along the contour surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket, releasing the clamping and limiting effect on the load-bearing area; the support system retracts in the descent state, driving the panel to descend; the support rollers roll along the contour surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket and push the load-bearing area to open, and the support system retracts synchronously.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Under load, the reaction bracket bears the weight of the suspended object and presses against the support rollers, limiting the opening of the load-bearing zone and maintaining stable load-bearing capacity of the support system. Under descent, after the load-bearing zone detaches from the suspended object, the support rollers roll along the contour surface of the reaction bracket, releasing the pressure limit on the load-bearing zone. The support system then retracts synchronously, pushing the load-bearing zone open. The lifting fixture responds quickly; the switch between load-bearing and descent states is entirely controlled by two conditions: whether the suspended object is under load and whether the lifting drive mechanism has released. This achieves purely mechanical judgment control and state switching, avoiding the risk of misoperation caused by relying on sensors or manual judgment.

[0020] In some embodiments, a buffer device is provided on the upper track and / or the lower track, and the buffer end of the buffer device is respectively positioned towards the upper roller or the lower roller.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By installing a buffer device on the upper or lower track, with the buffer end facing the upper or lower roller respectively, the rollers can gradually absorb the impact energy generated by the contraction of the support system before the panel rapidly descends to its lowest position under its own weight. This prevents rigid collisions between the rollers and the track ends. The buffer device effectively protects the support system and panel from damage by impact loads, extends the service life of the tooling, and reduces vibration and noise at the end of descent, improving the safety and stability of the tooling operation.

[0022] In some embodiments, both the first leg and the second leg are provided with clearance positions.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By incorporating clearance features on the first and second outriggers, the outriggers can effectively avoid the upper rail fixed to the bottom of the panel and the lower rail fixed to the ship's deck when the scissor bracing is retracted to its lowest height. This prevents movement interference between the outriggers and rails, which could lead to incomplete descent or structural jamming. This clearance design provides sufficient clearance between the outriggers and rails without increasing the overall size of the tooling, ensuring the support system can retract to its lowest designed height. This maximizes the panel's descent stroke and further increases the safe distance after the suspended object is removed.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention also provides a lifting system, including multiple marine transport lifting fixtures as described above; the multiple marine transport lifting fixtures are arranged at intervals to jointly carry the same object being lifted.

[0025] Beneficial Effects: Multiple lifting fixtures arranged at intervals form a lifting system, allowing each fixture to collectively support the same load. This enables the joint transportation and synchronous lifting of ultra-large and ultra-long span components. The lifting fixtures can be flexibly arranged according to the size and weight distribution of the load. Each fixture independently bears the load and responds synchronously. After the load is lifted, all fixtures automatically descend simultaneously, ensuring a uniform safe distance between the bottom of the large component and each fixture after removal. This multi-fixture collaborative solution effectively expands the applicability of the fixtures, meets the lifting requirements for large components, and maintains automatic collision avoidance capabilities, demonstrating excellent flexibility and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the marine transport lifting fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the marine transport lifting fixture at its working height, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view of the marine transport lifting equipment after its height has been reduced according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the panel structure in the marine transport lifting tooling of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support system in the marine transport lifting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial stable bearing state of the marine transport lifting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working state of the lifting equipment during maritime transport according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a marine transport hoisting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the marine transport hoisting equipment after hoisting, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Panel; 11. Binding area; 12. Bearing area; 13. Wedge-shaped reaction bracket; 131. First profile surface; 132. Second profile surface; 14. Bearing pivot; 2. Support system; 20. Scissor brace; 21. First leg; 211. Upper roller; 212. Lower fixed hinge support; 22. Second leg; 221. Lower roller; 222. Upper fixed hinge support; 23. Connecting beam; 231. Support roller; 24. Leg pivot; 25. Upper rail; 26. Lower rail; 27. Buffer device; 28. Clearance position; 3. Lifting drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The following is combined Figures 1 to 9 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a marine transport lifting fixture is provided, including a panel 1, a support system 2, and a lifting drive mechanism 3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, panel 1 is suitable for carrying the suspended object. The lower end of support system 2 is suitable for connection to the transport vessel, and the upper end of support system 2 is fixedly connected to panel 1. Support system 2 has a telescopic structure capable of changing the vertical height of panel 1 relative to the transport vessel. Lifting drive mechanism 3 is connected to support system 2 and is used to apply lifting force to drive support system 2 to extend vertically, thereby positioning panel 1 at the required working height. When the suspended object is lifted off panel 1 and lifting drive mechanism 3 releases the lifting force on support system 2, support system 2 automatically retracts under the action of panel 1 and its own weight, causing panel 1 to descend, thereby increasing the vertical distance between panel 1 and the suspended object.

[0039] In specific embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the support system 2 includes at least one pair of scissor braces 20 and a leg pivot 24 connecting all the scissor braces 20. Each pair of scissor braces 20 includes a first leg 21 and a second leg 22, which are cross-hinged together via the leg pivot 24. The support system 2 adopts a structure consisting of at least one pair of scissor braces 20, with the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 cross-hinged together via the leg pivot 24. This ensures that the telescopic movement of the support system 2 is smooth and controllable. The geometric structure of the scissor braces 20 guarantees that the panel 1 maintains a horizontal posture during the lifting and lowering process, avoiding the risk of tilting caused by eccentric loading.

[0040] When the scissor braces 20 are set as a pair, the panel 1 is independently supported by a pair of scissor braces 20, which is suitable for bearing smaller or lighter suspended objects. When the scissor braces 20 are set as two pairs, the two pairs of scissor braces 20 are arranged at intervals along the length of the panel 1 and are fixedly connected by connecting beams 23 to form a stable double-support structure, which is suitable for bearing medium-sized and heavy suspended objects. When the scissor braces 20 are set as three or more pairs, each pair of scissor braces 20 is evenly spaced along the length of the panel 1, and adjacent scissor braces 20 are fixedly connected by multiple connecting beams 23 to form a spatial frame support structure, which is suitable for bearing extra-large or extra-heavy suspended objects. At the same time, the coordinated extension and retraction of multiple pairs of scissor braces 20 can ensure the smoothness and synchronicity of the lifting and lowering of the panel 1. The support leg pivot shafts 24 in each pair of scissor braces 20 are coaxially arranged. The moving end of the lifting drive mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to one of the support leg pivot shafts 24, or connected to multiple support leg pivot shafts 24 simultaneously through synchronous connecting rods to achieve synchronous extension and retraction of each pair of scissor braces 20.

[0041] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the support system 2 also includes a lower fixed hinge support 212 and an upper fixed hinge support 222. The lower fixed hinge support 212 is fixedly connected to the transport vessel, and the upper fixed hinge support 222 is fixedly connected to the panel 1. The bottom of the first leg 21 is hinged to the lower fixed hinge support 212, and the top of the first leg 21 slides in cooperation with the upper rail 25 fixed on the bottom surface of the panel 1 via the upper roller 211; the bottom of the second leg 22 slides in cooperation with the lower rail 26 fixed on the transport ship via the lower roller 221, and the top of the second leg 22 is hinged to the upper fixed hinge support 222.

[0042] This design incorporates a lower fixed hinge support 212 and an upper fixed hinge support 222. The first leg 21 has a fixed hinge at the bottom and slides along the upper rail 25 via an upper roller 211 at the top. The second leg 22 has a fixed hinge at the top and slides along the lower rail 26 via a lower roller 221 at the bottom. This asymmetrical connection allows the rollers of the scissor brace 20 to slide smoothly along the rail during extension and retraction, effectively releasing horizontal displacement caused by changes in the angle of the scissor brace 20 and preventing structural jamming or additional stress concentration. The single-sided sliding and single-sided fixed connection structure ensures that the support system 2 can still extend and retract flexibly under heavy loads, improving the load-bearing capacity and motion reliability of the tooling.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 3 has an installation end and a moving end. The installation end is suitable for fixed connection with the transport vessel, and the moving end is fixedly connected to the support leg pivot shaft 24. By fixing the moving end of the lifting drive mechanism 3 to the support leg pivot shaft 24, the lifting driving force is applied directly to the cross hinge point of the scissor brace 20 through the pivot shaft. This results in the shortest force application path and the highest transmission efficiency, ensuring the synchronicity and stability of the panel 1's lifting and lowering.

[0044] The lifting drive mechanism 3 can be powered by any of the following: a hydraulic cylinder, an electric actuator, or a manual winch. Specifically, when the lifting drive mechanism 3 is a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body is hinged to the deck of the transport vessel via a mounting end, and the piston rod is hinged to the outrigger pivot 24 via a moving end. When the lifting drive mechanism 3 is an electric actuator, the actuator housing is fixedly connected to the deck of the transport vessel via a mounting end, and the actuator rod end is fixedly connected to the outrigger pivot 24 via a moving end. When the lifting drive mechanism 3 is a manual winch, the winch's wire rope passes over a guide pulley fixed to the transport vessel and connects to the outrigger pivot 24. By using the moving end of any of the above lifting drive mechanisms 3 to push the outrigger pivot 24 horizontally, the cross angle of the scissor braces 20 gradually increases, thereby driving the support system 2 to extend vertically and smoothly lift the panel 1 to the required working height.

[0045] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, panel 1 includes a binding area 11 and a support area 12. The support area 12 is hinged to panel 1 via a support pivot 14. The support area 12 can open upward relative to the binding area 11 around the central axis of the support pivot 14. The side of the support area 12 away from the support pivot 14 is connected to panel 1 via a step.

[0046] The binding area 11 is located around the perimeter of the panel 1, while the load-bearing area 12 is located in the central area of ​​the panel 1 and occupies the main load-bearing area. The binding area 11 has multiple binding holes or binding rings for threading binding structures to secure the suspended object. The step is a stepped structure with downward protrusions from the edge of the load-bearing area 12. When the load-bearing area 12 is in a horizontally closed state, the lower end face of the step overlaps and fits against the upper surface of the panel 1, and the upper surface of the load-bearing area 12 is flush with the upper surface of the panel 1, allowing the suspended object to be placed stably on the load-bearing area 12. When the load-bearing area 12 opens upward around the load-bearing pivot 14, the step disengages from the panel 1.

[0047] This design divides panel 1 into a binding area 11 and a load-bearing area 12. The load-bearing area 12 is hinged to a load-bearing pivot 14 to allow it to open upwards. Simultaneously, the side of the load-bearing area 12 furthest from the pivot overlaps the panel 1 via a step, ensuring that the load-bearing area 12 remains flat with the panel 1 under normal conditions to stably support the suspended object. When descent is required, it can rotate upwards around the pivot to avoid obstructing the moving parts of the support system 2 below, preventing structural interference that could hinder descent and significantly reducing the height of panel 1. This partitioned design ensures load-bearing flatness and transportation stability while providing reliable movement space for the smooth retraction of the support system 2, thus balancing the needs of both load-bearing and descent functions.

[0048] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bottom surface of the bearing area 12 is provided with a wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13; the support system 2 also includes a connecting beam 23 fixed to the first leg 21, and at least one support roller 231 is rotatably mounted on the connecting beam 23. The wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 is positioned between the first limit point and the second limit point of the movement path of the support roller 231. The first limit point is the position where the first contour surface 131 of the reaction bracket contacts and engages with the support roller 231, and the second limit point is the end position of the second contour surface 132 of the reaction bracket. The direction of the line connecting the first limit point and the second limit point is consistent with the horizontal movement direction of the support roller 231 during the extension and retraction of the support system 2, so as to ensure that the reaction bracket is within the effective range of action of the support roller 231. The support rollers 231 are located at the center of the connecting beam 23 or multiple rollers are spaced apart along the length of the connecting beam 23. Multiple support rollers 231 correspond to and cooperate with the bottom surface of the same wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 to distribute the bearing pressure. The wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 is made of high-strength structural steel and is welded and fixed to the bottom surface of the bearing area 12. Its two side profile surfaces are the first profile surface 131 and the second profile surface 132, respectively.

[0049] There is no preload between the first profile surface 131 of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 and the support roller 231 before the load is borne; when the load is placed in the bearing area 12, the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 presses against the support roller 231 under the action of gravity to form a self-locking fit.

[0050] This design incorporates a wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 on the bottom surface of the load-bearing area 12, and a support roller 231 rotatably mounted on the connecting beam 23. The reaction bracket is positioned between the first and second limit points of the support roller 231's movement path. There is no preload between the first contour surface 131 of the reaction bracket and the support roller 231 before load bearing. This allows the reaction bracket to naturally press against the support roller 231 under gravity after the suspended object is placed in the load-bearing area 12, forming a self-locking engagement. This purely mechanical self-locking design requires no external locking device or control signal, automatically locking the support system 2 upon load bearing, ensuring the tooling remains stable during transportation. Furthermore, the absence of preload simplifies installation and commissioning, avoiding self-locking failure or unlocking difficulties caused by improper preload settings.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the angle between the two contour surfaces of the wedge-shaped reaction leg 13 is an acute angle, so that when the support roller 231 rolls from the first contour surface 131 to the second contour surface 132, it first pushes the bearing area 12 to open, and after passing the contour surface switching point, the bearing area 12 closes under the action of gravity. Specifically, this acute angle is the angle between the plane where the first contour surface 131 is located and the plane where the second contour surface 132 is located, and the value of the angle ranges from 10° to 60°. During the process of the support roller 231 rolling from the first contour surface 131 toward the second contour surface 132, the normal force between the roller and the contour surface can generate a sufficient component in the vertical direction to push the bearing area 12 to open upward against gravity, while avoiding the roller self-locking due to the small angle or the insufficient pushing force due to the large angle. When the roller rolls from the first profile surface 131 to the intersection and switching point with the two profile surfaces, i.e. the highest point, the bearing area 12 is raised to the maximum opening angle. Then the roller continues to roll to the second profile surface 132. The bearing area 12 loses the upward thrust of the roller and rotates downward around the bearing axis 14 under its own gravity to reset to the horizontal closed state.

[0052] By setting the included angle between the two contour surfaces of the wedge-shaped reaction force bracket 13 to an acute angle, when the support roller 231 rolls along the first contour surface 131 to the second contour surface 132, the horizontal movement of the roller can generate an upward component force, thereby pushing the bearing area 12 to open upward against gravity. After the roller passes the switching point where the first contour surface 131 and the second contour surface 132 intersect, the bearing area 12 automatically closes and resets under its own gravity. This wedge-shaped acute angle design, combined with the roller, realizes the motion control of the bearing area 12 opening first and then closing, so that the motion trajectory of the support system 2 during the contraction process is linked with the opening or closing action of the bearing area 12, ensuring the smoothness and automation of the descent process, and completing the control of the bearing area 12 to avoid obstacles without an additional power source.

[0053] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the marine transport lifting equipment has both a loaded state and a lowered state: In the load-bearing state, panel 1 is at the working height, load-bearing area 12 carries the suspended object, wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 bears the weight of the suspended object and presses against support roller 231, restricting the opening of load-bearing area 12, and support system 2 maintains stable load-bearing; in the descent state, load-bearing area 12 is detached from the suspended object, support roller 231 rolls along the contour surface of wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13, releasing the pressing and limiting of load-bearing area 12; support system 2 retracts in the descent state, driving panel 1 to descend; support roller 231 rolls along the contour surface of wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 and pushes load-bearing area 12 to open, support system 2 retracts synchronously.

[0054] In the loaded state, the reaction bracket bears the weight of the suspended object and presses against the support roller 231, restricting the opening of the load-bearing area 12 and ensuring the stable load-bearing capacity of the support system 2. In the lowering state, after the load-bearing area 12 is detached from the suspended object, the support roller 231 rolls along the contour surface of the reaction bracket, releasing the pressure limit on the load-bearing area 12. The support system 2 then retracts synchronously, pushing the load-bearing area 12 to open. The lifting fixture responds quickly, and the switching between the loaded and lowering states is entirely controlled by two conditions: whether the suspended object is under load and whether the lifting drive mechanism 3 is released. This achieves purely mechanical judgment control and state switching, avoiding the risk of misoperation caused by relying on sensors or manual judgment.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, a buffer device 27 is provided on the upper track 25 and / or the lower track 26, with the buffer end of the buffer device 27 facing the upper roller 211 or the lower roller 221, respectively. The buffer device 27 is fixedly installed at the end of the upper track 25 or the lower track 26, with its buffer end extending along the track direction toward the upper roller 211 or the lower roller 221, and the height of the buffer end is consistent with the height of the roller's rolling axis. During the critical travel interval before the panel 1 rapidly descends to its lowest position, the upper roller 211 or the lower roller 221 contacts the buffer end of the buffer device 27, and the buffer device 27 applies a gradually increasing damping force to the roller, causing the roller to decelerate until it stops during the remaining travel.

[0056] A buffer device 27 is installed on the upper rail 25 or the lower rail 26, with the buffer ends facing the upper roller 211 or the lower roller 221, respectively. This allows the rollers to be damped by the buffer device 27 at the end of the rail before the panel 1 rapidly descends to its lowest position under its own weight, gradually absorbing the impact energy generated by the contraction of the support system 2 and preventing rigid collisions between the rollers and the rail ends. The buffer device 27 effectively protects the support system 2 and the panel 1 from damage by impact loads, extends the service life of the tooling, and reduces vibration and noise at the end of descent, improving the safety and stability of the tooling operation.

[0057] In practical implementation, the buffer device 27 can be a hydraulic buffer or a spring buffer. Specifically, the hydraulic buffer includes a cylinder, a piston, and a buffer spring. When the roller impacts the buffer end, the piston compresses the hydraulic oil in the cylinder, absorbing the impact energy through the damping effect of the hydraulic oil; the spring buffer converts the impact kinetic energy into elastic potential energy by compressing the helical spring and gradually releases it.

[0058] In specific embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the first support leg 21 and the second support leg 22 are provided with clearance positions 28, which are adapted to avoid the upper rail 25 and the lower rail 26. The clearance position 28 is a groove structure that is recessed or through-type inside the first support leg 21 and the second support leg 22. The position of the groove structure corresponds to the installation position of the upper rail 25 and the lower rail 26, respectively. When the scissor brace 20 is retracted to its lowest height, the ends of the upper rail 25 and the lower rail 26 are respectively embedded in the corresponding clearance positions 28, avoiding structural interference between the support leg and the rail. The outline shape of the clearance position 28 is adapted to the shape of the rail end, and a movement gap is reserved between the clearance position 28 and the rail end. By providing clearance positions 28 on the first support leg 21 and the second support leg 22, the support leg can effectively avoid the upper rail 25 fixed to the bottom surface of the panel 1 and the lower rail 26 fixed to the ship deck when the scissor brace 20 is retracted to its lowest height, avoiding movement interference between the support leg and the rail, which could lead to failure to descend to the correct position or structural jamming. This clearance design provides sufficient clearance between the outriggers and the track without increasing the overall size of the tooling, ensuring that the support system 2 can retract to the lowest designed height, thereby maximizing the descent stroke of the panel 1 and further increasing the safe distance after the suspended object is lifted.

[0059] The lifting fixture provided in this embodiment connects the panel 1 to the transport vessel via a support system 2 with a telescopic structure. The lifting drive mechanism 3 positions the panel 1 to the working height. Once the object being lifted is removed and the lifting drive mechanism 3 releases the lifting force on the support system 2, the support system 2 automatically retracts under the weight of the panel 1, causing the panel 1 to descend. This design allows for instantaneous lowering of the fixture height without external power or control signals during lifting, dynamically increasing the vertical distance between the object being lifted, the fixture, and the vessel. This effectively avoids collisions caused by the vessel's heave and sway, improving the safety and sea condition adaptability of offshore lifting operations. It also solves the reliability problems of existing active lifting platforms that rely on external power and suffer from response delays.

[0060] The marine transport lifting equipment provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figures 6 to 9 As shown, its usage is as follows: In the initial state, the tooling support system 2 is in a retracted state, and the panel 1 is in the initial low position.

[0061] First, start the lifting drive mechanism 3. The moving end of the lifting drive mechanism 3 pushes the support leg pivot shaft 24 to move horizontally, driving the cross angle of the scissor brace 20 to gradually increase, the support system 2 to extend vertically, and the panel 1 to be lifted smoothly.

[0062] After panel 1 rises to the predetermined working height, the lifting drive mechanism 3 is kept in a locked or pressure-holding state to keep panel 1 at that working height.

[0063] Then, the object to be transported is hoisted onto the load-bearing area 12 of panel 1, ensuring that the center of gravity of the object is approximately aligned with the center of the load-bearing area 12. After the load-bearing area 12 bears the weight of the object, the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 on the bottom surface of the load-bearing area 12 presses down on the support roller 231 located on the connecting beam 23, forming a self-locking fit. This restricts the load-bearing area 12 from opening upward relative to panel 1. At the same time, the self-locking fit locks the relative positions of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 through the connecting beam 23, preventing the scissor brace 20 from retracting, and the entire fixture enters a stable load-bearing state.

[0064] Next, the suspended object, already placed on the load-bearing area 12, is connected and secured to the lashing area 11 of the panel 1 using a lashing structure. Once lashing is complete, the transport vessel can proceed with sea transport. After reaching the target location, the lashing structure is released.

[0065] The crane ship's hook catches the object to be lifted, and the crane slowly lifts it. During the lifting process, the object is gradually removed from the load-bearing area 12, and the pressure on the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 gradually decreases until it becomes zero. At this time, the support roller 231 no longer bears the weight of the object being lifted, and the self-locking engagement is released.

[0066] Subsequently, the operator releases the lifting force of the lifting drive mechanism 3 on the support system 2. The support system 2 and panel 1 lose balance under their own weight, the intersection angle of the scissor braces 20 gradually decreases, the support system 2 begins to retract automatically, and the panel 1 descends rapidly. During the descent of the panel 1, the support roller 231 rolls along the first contour surface 131 of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 to the second contour surface 132. During this rolling process, the support roller 231 pushes the wedge-shaped reaction bracket 13 upwards, causing the bearing area 12 to open upwards around the bearing axis 14 to avoid the retraction movement of the support system 2. When the support roller 231 passes the highest switching point of the contour surface, the bearing area 12 rotates downwards under its own weight to reset to the closed state. During the descent of the panel 1, the upper roller 211 slides along the upper track 25, and the lower roller 221 slides along the lower track 26. During the critical travel interval before the panel 1 descends to its lowest position, the upper roller 211 or the lower roller 221 contacts the buffer device 27 located at the end of the track. The buffer device 27 applies a gradually increasing damping force to the roller, absorbing the impact energy generated by the contraction of the support system 2, causing the roller to decelerate until it stops during the remaining travel.

[0067] Finally, panel 1 descends smoothly to its initial low position, and the fixture returns to its initial state. Repeat the above steps to proceed with the next hoisting and transportation operation.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides a lifting system including multiple marine transport lifting fixtures; the multiple marine transport lifting fixtures are arranged at intervals for jointly carrying the same object to be lifted.

[0069] In one embodiment, each marine transport lifting tool is connected to its respective outrigger pivot shaft 24 via a synchronous linkage to ensure that each tool is lifted and lowered synchronously when driven by the lifting drive mechanism 3.

[0070] In another embodiment, each tooling is independently configured with its own lifting drive mechanism 3, and synchronous control is achieved by using unified operating instructions.

[0071] When the size or weight of the object being lifted is too large, the number of marine transport lifting tools can be increased according to the support point location and weight distribution of the object. Each tool is arranged at intervals along the length or width of the object to form a multi-point support lifting system.

[0072] The hoisting system provided in this embodiment consists of multiple hoisting fixtures arranged at intervals, allowing each fixture to jointly carry the same object. This enables the joint transportation and synchronous hoisting of ultra-large and ultra-long span components. The multiple hoisting fixtures can be flexibly arranged according to the size and weight distribution of the object. Each fixture independently carries the load and responds synchronously. After the object is lifted, each fixture automatically descends simultaneously, ensuring a uniform safe distance between the bottom of the large component and each fixture after removal. This multi-fixture collaborative solution effectively expands the applicability of the fixtures, meets the hoisting requirements for large components, and maintains automatic collision avoidance capabilities, demonstrating good flexibility and scalability.

[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A type of marine transport lifting fixture, characterized in that, include: Panel (1), suitable for supporting the suspended object; The support system (2) is adapted to be connected to the transport vessel at its lower end and fixedly connected to the panel at its upper end. The support system (2) has a telescopic structure that can change the vertical height of the panel (1) relative to the transport vessel. A lifting drive mechanism (3) is connected to the support system (2) and is used to apply a lifting force to drive the support system (2) to extend vertically so as to position the panel (1) to the required working height; When the object being hoisted is lifted off the panel (1) and the lifting drive mechanism (3) releases the lifting force on the support system (2), the support system (2) automatically retracts under the action of the panel (1) and its own weight, causing the panel (1) to descend, thereby increasing the vertical distance between the object being hoisted and the panel.

2. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support system (2) includes at least one pair of scissor braces (20) and a leg pivot (24) connecting all the scissor braces; each pair of scissor braces (20) includes a first leg (21) and a second leg (22), the first leg (21) and the second leg (22) being cross-hinged through the leg pivot (24); The lifting drive mechanism (3) has an installation end and a moving end. The installation end is adapted to be fixedly connected to the transport vessel, and the moving end is fixedly connected to the support leg pivot shaft (24).

3. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support system (2) further includes a lower fixed hinge support (212) and an upper fixed hinge support (222). The lower fixed hinge support (212) is fixedly connected to the transport vessel, and the upper fixed hinge support (222) is fixedly connected to the panel (1). The bottom of the first leg (21) is hinged to the lower fixed hinge support (212), and the top of the first leg (21) is slidably engaged with the upper rail (25) fixed on the bottom surface of the panel (1) via the upper roller (211); the bottom of the second leg (22) is slidably engaged with the lower rail (26) fixed on the transport ship via the lower roller (221), and the top of the second leg (22) is hinged to the upper fixed hinge support (222).

4. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The panel (1) includes a binding area (11) and a support area (12). The support area (12) is hinged to the panel (1) via a support pivot (14). The support area (12) can open upward relative to the binding area (11) around the central axis of the support pivot (14). The side of the support area (12) away from the support pivot (14) is connected to the panel (1) via a step.

5. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the bearing area (12) is provided with a wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13); the support system (2) also includes a connecting beam (23) fixed on the first support leg (21), and at least one support roller (231) is rotatably provided on the connecting beam (23), and the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13) is located between the first limit point and the second limit point of the movement path of the support roller (231); There is no preload between the first profile surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13) and the support roller (231) before the load is carried; when the load is placed in the bearing area (12), the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13) presses against the support roller (231) under the action of gravity to form a self-locking fit.

6. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The included angle between the two contour surfaces of the wedge-shaped reaction force bracket (13) is an acute angle, so that when the support roller (231) rolls from the first contour surface to the second contour surface, it first pushes the bearing area (12) to open, and after passing the contour surface switching point, the bearing area (12) closes under the action of gravity.

7. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The marine transport lifting equipment has a loaded state and a lowering state: In the load-bearing state, the panel (1) is at the working height, the load-bearing area (12) carries the suspended object, the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13) bears the weight of the suspended object and presses the support roller (231) to restrict the opening of the load-bearing area (12), and the support system (2) maintains stable load-bearing. In the descent state, the bearing area (12) is detached from the suspended object, and the support roller (231) rolls along the contour surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13), releasing the clamping limit on the bearing area (12); the support system (2) retracts in the descent state, driving the panel (1) to descend; the support roller (231) rolls along the contour surface of the wedge-shaped reaction bracket (13) and pushes the bearing area (12) to open, and the support system (2) retracts synchronously.

8. The marine transport lifting fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, A buffer device (27) is provided on the upper track (25) and / or the lower track (26), and the buffer end of the buffer device (27) is respectively positioned towards the upper roller (211) or the lower roller (221).

9. The marine transport lifting fixture according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, Both the first leg (21) and the second leg (22) are provided with clearance positions (28).

10. A hoisting system, characterized in that, It includes multiple marine transport lifting tools as described in any one of claims 1-9; the multiple marine transport lifting tools are arranged at intervals to jointly carry the same object being lifted.

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