A multi-directional box culvert cover plate turnover device and turnover method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of turnover equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-directional box culvert cover plate turnover device and a turnover method, which comprises a height adjusting unit, a first turnover unit, a second turnover unit, an L-shaped placement plate and a clamping unit. The first turnover unit is installed on the height adjusting unit, the second turnover unit is installed on the top of the first turnover unit, the L-shaped placement plate is installed on the top of the second turnover unit, the first turnover unit controls the turnover degree of the second turnover unit, the second turnover unit controls the turnover degree of the L-shaped placement plate, and the clamping unit is detachably installed on the L-shaped placement plate. The L-shaped clamping block with different vertical lengths can be matched with L-shaped cover plates with different thickness specifications. Meanwhile, the connecting block and the side wall of the L-shaped placement plate slide against each other, effectively limiting the circumferential rotation of the connecting block, completely solving the defects of the traditional clamping structure, such as the rotation of the locking block and the ineffective clamping. The cover plate is locked during the whole turnover process, the problems of cover plate falling, shaking and deviation are eliminated, and the operation safety is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flipping equipment technology, specifically relating to a multi-directional flipping device and flipping method for a box cover panel. Background Technology

[0002] Box culvert cover plates are mostly heavy-duty precast components made of reinforced concrete, generally L-shaped in structure, with exposed reinforcing bars at the ends. They are widely used in box culvert and trench infrastructure projects. Before the cover plates are transported, stored in the yard, and assembled on-site after production, their posture and orientation need to be adjusted. Currently, the industry generally uses a horizontally laid-out method for storing these L-shaped reinforced concrete box culvert cover plates with exposed reinforcing bars. Turning and posture adjustment operations mostly rely on single-point lifting by cranes combined with manual pushing and pulling.

[0003] Existing storage and turning methods have several substantial technical defects: First, L-shaped reinforced concrete covers with exposed steel bars require a large area per cover in traditional horizontal storage methods, resulting in sparse storage, extremely low utilization of yard space, and significant space requirements for storing large quantities of covers, leading to high storage costs. Second, traditional crane lifting and turning methods lack dedicated positioning and clamping fixtures. Heavy concrete covers have high inertia and unstable posture during turning, making them prone to component displacement and collisions, easily damaging exposed steel bars at the ends and rendering the components unusable. Furthermore, there is a safety hazard of components falling during the turning process, resulting in poor operational safety. Third, existing simple fixtures can only achieve single-angle turning and cannot complete two orthogonal 90° multi-directional posture switching, nor can they switch the horizontally laid L-shaped covers to a vertical and orderly storage posture. This fails to fundamentally solve the problems of large area and scattered storage, and is therefore inadequate in use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a multi-directional flipping device and flipping method for a box cover panel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel, comprising a height adjustment unit, a first flipping unit, a second flipping unit, an L-shaped placement plate, and a clamping unit. The first flipping unit is mounted on the height adjustment unit, the second flipping unit is mounted on top of the first flipping unit, the L-shaped placement plate is mounted on top of the second flipping unit, the first flipping unit controls the flipping degree of the second flipping unit, the second flipping unit controls the flipping degree of the L-shaped placement plate, and the clamping unit is detachably mounted on the L-shaped placement plate.

[0006] Preferably, the height adjustment unit includes two long strips, and a set of first cylinders is fixedly installed at the top of each long strip. Each set of first cylinders consists of two first cylinders, one at the front and one at the back. The bottom of the fixed end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the top surface of the long strip. Several L-shaped top blocks are fixedly installed on one side of one of the long strips.

[0007] Preferably, the first flipping unit includes a frame, the top of the moving end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame, two first hinge seats are fixedly installed on one side of the top surface of the frame, the two first hinge seats are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame, a U-shaped frame is set above the first hinge seats, the hinge axis of the first hinge seats is hingedly connected to the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame, the first hinge seats are located in the middle of the U-shaped frame, two second hinge seats are fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of one side of the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame, two support blocks are fixedly installed on the other side of the top surface of the frame, the two support blocks are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame, the bottom ends of the two horizontal rods of the horizontal U-shaped frame are attached to the support blocks, two vertical long strips are fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle of the frame, the two long strips are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame, the bottom ends of the two long strips are connected by a fixing block, a third hinge seat is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of one side of the fixing block, and the hinge axis of one third hinge seat is hingedly connected to the hinge axis of one second hinge seat by a second cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the second flipping unit includes a support plate, a limiting component, and a control component. The support plate is located between the two horizontal bars of the U-shaped frame and is fixedly connected to the horizontal bars. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the top surface of the support plate, and a disc is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft. The control component is located between the disc and the U-shaped frame and controls the disc to rotate. The limiting component is located between the disc and the support plate and limits the rotation angle of the disc. Several support columns are fixedly installed on the top surface of the disc, and the support columns are evenly distributed around the center of the disc. The top of the support columns is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped placement plate.

[0009] Preferably, the control assembly includes two fourth hinge seats and two fifth hinge seats. The two fourth hinge seats are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped frame, respectively, with the hinge shafts of the fourth hinge seats facing upwards. The two fifth hinge seats are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the disc and located on both sides of the disc, with the hinge shafts of the fifth hinge seats facing downwards. The hinge shafts of the fourth and fifth hinge seats are connected by a third cylinder, and the two third cylinders are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting component includes two limiting posts, the top ends of which are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the disk. The two limiting posts are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis. Two U-shaped blocks are fixedly installed on the top surface of the support plate. The side openings of the two U-shaped blocks are in opposite directions, and the limiting posts can be inserted into the grooves of the U-shaped blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping unit includes a connecting component and two sets of locking components, with the connecting component located between the two sets of locking components, and the distance between the two sets of locking components can be adjusted.

[0012] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a connecting block and an L-shaped locking block. The top of the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the connecting block, and a screw hole is opened on the other side of the connecting block.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a handle, with screws fixedly installed at both ends of the handle, one end of the screw being rotated and screwed into a screw hole, and the two screws having opposite threads.

[0014] A method for multi-directional flipping of a box cover panel, characterized in that the flipping steps, using the aforementioned multi-directional flipping device for the box cover panel, are as follows: Step 1: Place the height adjustment unit on the ground and fix the long strip to the ground by placing counterweights or using ground stakes; Step 2: Use a crane to lift the L-shaped cover plate onto the L-shaped placement plate, so that the long strip of the cover plate is attached to the upper surface of the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate, and the short strip of the cover plate is attached to the upper surface of the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate. Step 3: Install the clamping unit. Place the connecting block on the top surface of the cover plate. The horizontal block of the L-shaped clamping block is inserted into the gap between the bottom surface of the cover plate and the top surface of the L-shaped placement plate. Rotate the handle, and the two screws rotate synchronously, driving the two connecting blocks to move towards each other along the screw axis, so that the vertical block of the L-shaped clamping block fits tightly against the side of the cover plate, and the cover plate and the L-shaped placement plate are fixedly connected. Step 4: The first cylinders in the two sets of first cylinder groups extend synchronously, pushing the frame upward and adjusting the height of the L-shaped placement plate; Step 5: The two second cylinders retract synchronously, driving the U-shaped frame to rotate upward 90° around the first hinge seat, so that the horizontal U-shaped frame becomes vertical, and the L-shaped placement plate and cover plate are rotated from the horizontal state to the side-lying state. Step Six: Two third cylinders symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis retract synchronously, pulling the fifth hinge seat at the corresponding position on the bottom of the disc. The combined pulling force of the two third cylinders forms a torsional torque in the same direction, driving the disc to rotate 90° around the rotation axis in its current horizontal state. The disc drives the L-shaped placement plate to rotate 90° synchronously through the support column, so that the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate changes from vertical to horizontal and is located below the long plate, the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate changes from horizontal to vertical, the long strip of the cover plate simultaneously changes to vertical, and the short plate of the cover plate simultaneously changes to horizontal. Step 7: Disconnect the clamping unit from the cover plate, and use a crane to lift the cover plate off the L-shaped placement plate and place it on the ground.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention achieves a 90-degree lateral flip through the first flipping unit, and then achieves a second 90-degree lateral flip through the second flipping unit, so that the long plate of the cover plate is vertical and the short plate is horizontally arranged and located below the long plate. This changes the disadvantage of the traditional flat-laying and stacking of cover plates, which occupies a large area, greatly improves the site utilization rate, and is suitable for large-volume neat stacking of cover plates. (2) Two sets of first cylinder groups are set up to form a height adjustment unit, which can accurately adjust the overall height of the equipment according to the size of the cover plate and the on-site working space, and reserve sufficient rotation and avoidance space for the second flip, effectively solving the problems of jamming and structural interference of traditional tooling flipping; at the same time, the long blocks can be fixed by counterweights or ground nails, and with the auxiliary support blocks that can be added, the equipment is placed stably, which can effectively prevent the equipment from shifting or tipping over during the flipping process. (3) The U-shaped frame is supported by the support block in the horizontal work position to achieve rigid support in the static work position; L-shaped top blocks are set in the side-lying transition work position to achieve mechanical limit support. All cylinders adopt a double-acting structure and are equipped with hydraulic locks. The posture pressure holding and locking can be achieved throughout the flipping process to prevent the mechanism from rebounding, shaking and deviating due to air interruption and air pressure fluctuation; at the same time, the disc position is equipped with a limiting column and a U-shaped block limiting structure with a reverse opening to accurately constrain the 90-degree unidirectional rotation stroke of the disc, completely avoid the problem of rotation over-displacement and angle deviation, and ensure that the flipping posture is uniform and accurate. (4) The hinge position of the third cylinder is optimized. After the U-shaped frame is flipped up, the axis of the third cylinder and the radial direction of the disc maintain the optimal transmission angle of 30°-60°, which effectively avoids the dead point of the cylinder drive. The symmetrical pulling of the two cylinders forms a stable torsional torque, which drives the disc to rotate smoothly. The transmission efficiency is high and the force is uniform, which greatly improves the service life and operation stability of the equipment. (5) The double-sided screw with positive and negative threads is used in conjunction with two sets of locking components, which can adaptively adjust the clamping distance according to the width and thickness of the cover plate; with L-shaped blocks of different vertical lengths, it can be adapted to L-shaped cover plates of different thicknesses; at the same time, the connecting block slides against the side wall of the L-shaped placement plate, effectively restricting the circumferential rotation of the connecting block, completely solving the defects of the traditional clamping structure where the locking block rotates and cannot effectively clamp, and locking the cover plate in a circle throughout the flipping process, eliminating the problems of the cover plate falling, shaking, and shifting, and greatly improving the safety of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 (Remove the top block); Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 (Remove the top block); Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 (Remove the top block); Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 4 (Remove the top block); Figure 6 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disk viewed from below; Figure 8 This is a top view of the U-shaped frame structure. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the clamping unit. Figure 1 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the clamping unit. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the clamping unit; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. L-shaped placement plate; 2. Long strip block; 3. First cylinder assembly; 4. Frame; 5. First hinge seat; 6. U-shaped frame; 7. Second hinge seat; 8. Support block; 9. Long strip block; 10. Third hinge seat; 11. Second cylinder; 12. Support plate; 13. Disc; 14. Fourth hinge seat; 15. Fifth hinge seat; 16. Third cylinder; 17. Limiting post; 18. U-shaped block; 19. Connecting block; 20. L-shaped locking block; 21. Handle; 22. Screw; 23. Top block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0019] Example 1 The following is combined Figures 1-11 A further description of a multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel in Embodiment 1 is provided, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes a height adjustment unit, a first flipping unit, a second flipping unit, an L-shaped placement plate 1, and a clamping unit. The first flipping unit is mounted on the height adjustment unit, the second flipping unit is mounted on top of the first flipping unit, and the L-shaped placement plate 1 is mounted on top of the second flipping unit. The first flipping unit controls the second flipping unit to flip 90 degrees, and the second flipping unit controls the L-shaped placement plate 1 to flip 90 degrees. The clamping unit is detachably mounted on the L-shaped placement plate 1.

[0020] The long plate of L-shaped placement plate 1 is used to place the long plate of L-shaped cover plate, and the short plate of L-shaped placement plate 1 is used to place the short plate of L-shaped cover plate. The height adjustment unit is placed on the ground and can be pressed down by placing counterweights or fixed to the ground with ground nails. The L-shaped cover plate is placed onto the L-shaped placement plate 1 by a crane. The long strip of the cover plate is attached to the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1, and the short plate of the cover plate is attached to the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1. Then, the clamping unit is installed to connect the cover plate to the L-shaped placement plate 1 to prevent the cover plate from falling off during rotation. The first flipping unit controls the second flipping unit to flip 90 degrees. At this time, the L-shaped placement plate 1 and the cover plate are in a side-lying state. Then, the second flipping unit controls the L-shaped placement plate 1 to flip 90 degrees, so that the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 becomes horizontal and the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 becomes vertical. That is, the long strip of the cover plate becomes vertical and the short plate of the cover plate becomes horizontal. After the short plate of the cover plate becomes horizontal, the cover plate is removed from the device by a crane and placed on the ground, saving floor space.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the height adjustment unit includes two long strips 2, and a set of first cylinder groups 3 is fixedly installed at the top of each long strip 2. Each set of first cylinder groups 3 consists of two first cylinders, one in front and one in back. The bottom of the fixed end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the top surface of the long strip 2. Several L-shaped top blocks 23 are fixedly installed on one side of one of the long strips 2.

[0022] The first cylinders in the two sets of first cylinder groups 3 are synchronously controlled to extend or retract. The moving end of the first cylinder is connected to the first flipping unit. The first cylinders in the two sets of first cylinder groups 3 extend synchronously, pushing the first flipping unit to move upward and adjust the height of the L-shaped placement plate 1 so that there is enough space to rotate when the L-shaped placement plate 1 flips 90 degrees for the second time. A counterweight can be placed on the long strip 2 or a ground nail can be installed on the long strip 2 to fix the long strip 2 and prevent it from tipping over. The first cylinder is equipped with a hydraulic lock. Bolt holes are opened on the top surface of the top block 23. When the height of the top block 23 is insufficient, a support block can be placed on the top surface of the vertical block of the top block 23 and installed on the top surface of the top block 23 by bolts. The support block can be a rectangular steel plate.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, the first flipping unit includes a frame 4. The top of the moving end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame 4. Two first hinge seats 5 are fixedly installed on one side of the top surface of the frame 4, and the two first hinge seats 5 are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame 4. A U-shaped frame 6 is set above the first hinge seats 5. The hinge axis of the first hinge seat 5 is hingedly connected to the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 6. The first hinge seat 5 is located in the middle of the U-shaped frame 6. Second hinge seats 7 are fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of one side of the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 6, respectively. Two... Two support blocks 8 are located at the front and rear ends of the frame 4, respectively. The bottom ends of the two horizontal bars of the horizontal U-shaped frame 6 are attached to the support blocks 8. Two vertical strip blocks 9 are fixedly installed at the bottom middle part of the frame 4. The two strip blocks 9 are located at the front and rear ends of the frame 4, respectively. The bottom ends of the two strip blocks 9 are connected by a fixing block. A third hinge seat 10 is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of one side of the fixing block. The hinge shaft of one third hinge seat 10 is hinged to the hinge shaft of one second hinge seat 7 through a second cylinder 11.

[0024] The two second cylinders 11 are parallel to each other. The second cylinders are double-acting cylinders and are equipped with hydraulic locks. After the first cylinder extends, the height of the frame 4 is adjusted, which simultaneously drives the long block 9 to move upward. After the height adjustment is completed, stones or other supports can be placed between the bottom of the long block 9 and the ground. The two second cylinders 11 retract simultaneously, and the U-shaped frame 6 rotates around the first hinge seat 5 and rotates to 90 degrees, so that the horizontal U-shaped frame 6 becomes vertical. This drives the second rotating unit to rotate synchronously, so that the L-shaped placement plate 1 and the cover plate become sideways, and the first multi-directional attitude reversal operation is performed. When the U-shaped frame 6 is in the horizontal state, the top surface of the support block 8 is in contact with the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 6 to support the U-shaped frame 6. After the U-shaped frame 6 is rotated 90 degrees, the longitudinal rod of the U-shaped frame 6 is in contact with the top block 23, and the top block 23 supports the longitudinal rod.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the second flipping unit includes a support plate 12, a limiting component, and a control component. The support plate 12 is located between the two horizontal bars of the U-shaped frame 6 and is fixedly connected to the horizontal bars. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the top surface of the support plate 12, and a disc 13 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft. The control component is located between the disc 13 and the U-shaped frame 6 and controls the disc 13 to rotate. The limiting component is located between the disc 13 and the support plate 12 and limits the rotation angle of the disc 13. Several support columns are fixedly installed on the top surface of the disc 13. The several support columns are evenly distributed around the center of the disc 13, and the top of the support columns is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1.

[0026] After the support plate 12 rotates 90 degrees with the U-shaped frame 6, the control component controls the disc 13 to rotate 90 degrees, controlling the L-shaped placement plate 1 to rotate 90 degrees. At this time, the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 becomes horizontal and the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 becomes vertical, which drives the cover plate to rotate, so that the short plate of the cover plate becomes horizontal and the long plate of the cover plate becomes vertical, with the short plate of the cover plate located below the long plate.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the control assembly includes two fourth hinge seats 14 and two fifth hinge seats 15. The two fourth hinge seats 14 are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped frame 6, respectively, with the hinge axis of the fourth hinge seat 14 facing upward. The two fifth hinge seats 15 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the disc 13 and located on both sides of the disc 13, with the hinge axis of the fifth hinge seat 15 facing downward. The hinge axis of the fourth hinge seat 14 and the hinge axis of the fifth hinge seat 15 are hinged together by a third cylinder 16. The two third cylinders 16 are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis.

[0028] The disk 13 is divided into four equal parts. The two fourth hinge seats 14 and the two fifth hinge seats 15 are located at one of the four division points. The two fourth hinge seats 14 are symmetrically distributed about the longitudinal center line of the disk, and the two fifth hinge seats 15 are symmetrically distributed about the transverse center line of the disk. Driven by the second cylinder 11, the U-shaped frame 6 rotates upward 90° around the first hinge seat 5, simultaneously driving the support plate 12, the disc 13, the rotating shaft, and the L-shaped placement plate 1 to complete the overall uprighting and deflection. The rotating shaft, initially vertically arranged in a horizontal position, swings 90 degrees synchronously with the support plate 12 and then becomes horizontally arranged. Two third cylinders 16, symmetrically arranged around the rotating shaft, synchronously and uniformly retract inward, and the moving ends of each third cylinder 16 synchronously retract, pulling the fifth hinge seat 15 at the corresponding position on the bottom surface of the disc 13 to synchronously generate displacement. The pulling forces of the third cylinders 16 on both sides cooperate to form a torsional torque in a unified direction, stably driving the disc 13 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise around the rotating shaft in its current horizontal state as the center of rotation. During the entire rotation of the disc 13, the rotation is achieved by the rotation of the disc 13 and the support plate 12. The limiting components between them abut against the limit position in real time, constraining the maximum rotation stroke of the disc, preventing over-rotation, and ensuring that the rotation angle is accurately locked at 90°; while the disc 13 rotates, the power is transmitted synchronously through multiple support columns evenly distributed along the center of the top surface, causing the L-shaped placement plate 1 fixedly connected above the support columns to rotate synchronously by 90 degrees with the disc 13, so that the box cover plate supported on the L-shaped placement plate 1 can synchronously switch the placement posture, completing the second multi-directional posture reversal operation of the cover plate.

[0029] When the U-shaped frame 6 is rotated 90 degrees and the disc 13 is in a vertical position, the axis of the third cylinder 16 forms an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with the radial direction of the disc 13. The third cylinder 16 is a double-acting cylinder and is equipped with a hydraulic lock to lock the moving end position of the third cylinder 16 after the disc 13 is rotated into place.

[0030] The first, second, and third cylinders are all double-acting cylinders and equipped with hydraulic locks to maintain their position after the air supply is cut off.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown, the limiting component includes two limiting posts 17. The top ends of the two limiting posts 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the disk 13. The two limiting posts 17 are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis. Two U-shaped blocks 18 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the support plate 12. The side openings of the two U-shaped blocks 18 are opposite in direction. The limiting posts 17 can be inserted into the grooves of the U-shaped blocks 18.

[0032] The top of the U-shaped block 18 is open, and the bottom of the U-shaped block 18 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support plate 12. The side openings of the two U-shaped blocks 18 face opposite directions. The disc 13 drives the limiting post 17 to rotate. After the disc 13 rotates 90 degrees, the limiting post 17 rotates into the groove of the U-shaped block 18 and is blocked by the U-shaped block 18, preventing the disc 13 from continuing to rotate. At this time, the two third cylinders 16 stop retracting.

[0033] One of the U-shaped blocks 18 has its groove opening facing clockwise, while the other U-shaped block 18 has its groove opening facing counterclockwise. The disc can only rotate 90 degrees clockwise in one direction for operation.

[0034] like Figure 9 As shown, the clamping unit includes a connecting component and two sets of locking components. The connecting component is located between the two sets of locking components, and the distance between the two sets of locking components can be adjusted.

[0035] Before the L-shaped placement plate 1 is flipped for the first time, that is, when the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 is in a horizontal state, the two sets of locking components are located on both sides of the L-shaped placement plate 1, connecting the cover plate to the L-shaped placement plate 1. The connecting components start to adjust the distance between the two sets of locking components, so that the locking components adjust the distance according to the width of the long plate and the width of the short plate of the cover plate. According to the length of the cover plate, different numbers of connecting components and locking components are selected, and the two sets of locking components are connected to one set of connecting components.

[0036] like Figure 10 As shown, the locking assembly includes a connecting block 19 and an L-shaped locking block 20. The top of the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the connecting block 19, and a screw hole is opened on the other side of the connecting block 19.

[0037] The vertical block length of the L-shaped card block 20 varies. Different lengths of L-shaped card blocks 20 are selected according to the thickness of the cover plate. When the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 is in a horizontal state, the connecting block 19 is attached to the top surface of the long plate of the cover plate or the inner side of the short plate of the cover plate, and the top surface of the horizontal block of the L-shaped locking block 20 is attached to the bottom surface of the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate or the outer side of the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1, connecting the cover plate and the L-shaped placement plate 1 together, and maintaining the stability of the cover plate during the flipping process of the L-shaped placement plate 1 and the cover plate.

[0038] like Figure 11 As shown, the connecting assembly includes a handle 21, with screws 22 fixedly installed at both ends of the handle 21. One end of the screw 22 is rotated and screwed into a screw hole, and the threads of the two screws 22 are opposite.

[0039] Rotating the handle 21 drives the two screws 22 to rotate, and the screws 22 are screwed into the screw holes. The two screws 22 have opposite threads, which can control the relative movement of the two connecting blocks 19, so that the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block 20 is in contact with the side of the cover plate, connecting the cover plate and the L-shaped placement plate 1 together, preventing the cover plate from shaking during the two rotations; during the rotation of the screws 22, the L-shaped locking block 20 and the connecting blocks 19 are already in contact with the cover plate and the L-shaped placement plate, which restricts the L-shaped locking block 20 and the connecting blocks 19, making it easier for the screws 22 to rotate and be screwed into the screw holes; The connecting block 19 slides against the long or short side wall of the L-shaped placement plate 1. This sliding fit restricts the connecting block 19 from rotating circumferentially when the screw 22 rotates, so that the connecting block 19 can only translate along the axial direction of the screw 22, ensuring that the two sets of locking components can move stably towards or away from each other.

[0040] A method for multi-directional flipping of a box cover panel, using a multi-directional flipping device for the box cover panel, involves the following steps for the flipping operation: Step 1: Equipment Fixing and Initial Preparation First, place the height adjustment unit on the working surface. To ensure the stability of the device during the flipping process, counterweights can be placed on the two long strips 2 for pressing, or the long strips 2 can be fixed to the ground with ground spikes. The number and weight of the counterweights can be selected according to the weight of the cover plate to be flipped to ensure that the device does not tip over or shift during the flipping process.

[0041] Step 2: Lifting and Placing the Cover Plate The L-shaped cover plate to be flipped is lifted by a crane and placed above the L-shaped placement plate 1. It is then slowly lowered so that the long strip of the cover plate is tightly fitted with the upper surface of the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1, and the short strip of the cover plate is tightly fitted with the upper surface of the short strip of the L-shaped placement plate 1. The crane hook is kept in a slack state in preparation for subsequent lifting operations.

[0042] Step 3: Installation of clamping unit and fixing of cover plate The clamping unit is installed as follows: multiple clamping units are arranged at intervals along the length of the L-shaped placement plate 1, with a spacing of 500mm to 1000mm between adjacent clamping units, so that each clamping unit corresponds to a cross-sectional position of the cover plate.

[0043] For each set of clamping units, follow these steps: Two L-shaped locking blocks 20 are placed on either side of the cover plate, with the horizontal blocks of the L-shaped locking blocks 20 engaging in the gap between the bottom surface of the cover plate and the top surface of the L-shaped placement plate 1. The connecting block 19 is placed above the top surface of the cover plate. At this time, the bottom surface of the connecting block 19 is in contact with the top surface of the cover plate, the top surface of the horizontal block of the L-shaped locking block 20 is in contact with the bottom surface of the L-shaped placement plate 1, and the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block 20 is located on the outer side of the cover plate.

[0044] The connecting block 19 slides against the long or short side wall of the L-shaped placement plate 1. This sliding fit restricts the connecting block 19 from rotating circumferentially during subsequent screw rotation, allowing the connecting block 19 to only translate along the axial direction of the screw 22, ensuring that the two sets of locking components can move stably towards or away from each other.

[0045] Align the screws 22 at both ends of the handle 21 with the screw holes on the sides of the two connecting blocks 19, and manually pre-tighten them by 2-3 turns. Then rotate the handle 21, and the two screws 22 rotate synchronously. Since the threads of the two screws 22 are in opposite directions, the two connecting blocks 19 move towards each other along the axial direction of the screws 22, causing the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block 20 to move closer to the side of the cover plate until the vertical block is tightly fitted to the side of the cover plate. At this point, the cover plate is clamped and fixed to the L-shaped placement plate 1. After locking, the horizontal block of the L-shaped locking block 20 hooks onto the bottom edge of the L-shaped placement plate 1 to prevent the cover plate from falling off the L-shaped placement plate 1 during subsequent flipping.

[0046] Depending on the thickness of the cover plate, L-shaped clamping blocks 20 of different vertical block lengths can be selected to ensure that the bottom surface of the connecting block 19 is in close contact with the top surface of the cover plate. Depending on the length of the cover plate, an appropriate number of clamping unit groups can be selected.

[0047] Step 4: Height Adjustment The first cylinders in the two sets of first cylinder groups 3 extend synchronously, and the moving end of the first cylinder pushes the frame 4 upward, thereby driving the entire first flipping unit, the second flipping unit, and the L-shaped placement plate 1 upward. The purpose of height adjustment is to provide sufficient rotation space for the L-shaped placement plate 1 to flip 90 degrees for the second time, and to avoid interference with the ground during the flipping process.

[0048] After the height adjustment is complete, temporary supports such as stones can be placed between the bottom of the long block 9 and the ground to increase the stability of the device. The first cylinder is equipped with a hydraulic lock, which locks after the predetermined height is reached, maintaining the height unchanged.

[0049] When the U-shaped frame 6 is rotated 90 degrees, the longitudinal rods of the U-shaped frame 6 fit against the top block 23 installed on one side of the long strip block 2, and the top block 23 supports the longitudinal rods. The top block 23 has an L-shaped structure, and its vertical top surface is flush with the height of the bottom end of the longitudinal rod after the U-shaped frame 6 is rotated 90 degrees. If the height of the top block 23 is insufficient, a rectangular steel plate can be placed on the top surface of the vertical block of the top block 23 as a support block, and the support block can be fixedly installed on the top block 23 by bolts passing through the bolt holes opened on the top surface of the top block 23.

[0050] Step 5, First Flip – Side-lying Flip of the Cover Plate The two second cylinders 11 retract simultaneously. Because the two second cylinders 11 are parallel and symmetrically arranged, the U-shaped frame 6 rotates synchronously around the first hinge seat 5. The second cylinders 11 are double-acting cylinders and equipped with hydraulic locks to ensure stability and position retention during the rotation process.

[0051] The U-shaped frame 6 is flipped from a horizontal position to a 90-degree vertical position. At this time, the longitudinal rod of the U-shaped frame 6 is in contact with the top block 23, and the top block 23 provides support for the longitudinal rod, bearing part of the weight of the U-shaped frame, L-shaped placement plate, and cover plate.

[0052] During the flipping process of the U-shaped frame 6, the support plate 12, disc 13, rotating shaft, and L-shaped placement plate 1 are simultaneously lifted and deflected, causing the L-shaped placement plate 1 and cover plate to change from an initial horizontal state to a sideways state. The rotating shaft, which was initially vertically arranged in the horizontal placement state, swings 90 degrees synchronously with the support plate 12 and then turns into a horizontal arrangement.

[0053] Step Six: Second Flip – Cover Plate Posture Switching Two third cylinders 16, symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis, retract inward synchronously and at a uniform speed. The third cylinder 16 is a double-acting cylinder and is equipped with a hydraulic lock, which locks the moving end of the third cylinder 16 after the disc 13 rotates to the correct position.

[0054] The moving ends of each third cylinder 16 retract synchronously, pulling the fifth hinge seat 15 at the corresponding position on the bottom surface of the disc 13 to move synchronously. The pulling forces of the third cylinders 16 on both sides cooperate to form a torsional torque in a unified direction, stably driving the disc 13 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise around the rotation axis in its current horizontal state as the center of rotation.

[0055] Preferably, when the U-shaped frame 6 is rotated 90 degrees and the disc 13 is in a vertical position, the axis of the third cylinder 16 forms an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with the radial direction of the disc 13 to obtain a better driving torque transmission effect.

[0056] During the rotation of the disc 13, two limiting posts 17, fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the disc 13, rotate synchronously with the disc. The groove opening of one U-shaped block 18 faces clockwise, while the groove opening of the other U-shaped block 18 faces counterclockwise. The disc 13 can only rotate 90 degrees clockwise. After the disc 13 has rotated 90 degrees, the limiting posts 17 rotate into the grooves of the U-shaped blocks 18 and are blocked by the U-shaped blocks 18, achieving mechanical limiting and constraining the maximum rotational stroke of the disc 13, preventing over-rotation and ensuring the rotation angle is precisely locked at 90 degrees. At this time, the two third cylinders 16 stop retracting and maintain their current posture.

[0057] As the disc 13 rotates, power is synchronously transmitted through multiple support columns evenly distributed along the center of its top surface. This causes the L-shaped placement plate 1, fixedly connected above the support columns, to rotate 90 degrees in sync with the disc 13. The support columns are solid round steel or seamless steel pipes, with a diameter of 40mm~80mm, and there are four of them. They are evenly distributed every 90 degrees along the circumference of the top surface of the disc 13 to ensure uniform force distribution. The bottom ends of the support columns are welded to the disc 13 or connected via flange bolts, and the top ends of the support columns are welded to the bottom surface of the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 or connected via flange bolts.

[0058] The rotating shaft is mounted on the top surface of the support plate 12 via bearings, which are tapered roller bearings or deep groove ball bearings, capable of simultaneously bearing axial and radial loads.

[0059] After this 90-degree rotation, the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 changes from a vertical position to a horizontal position and is located below the long plate, while the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 changes from a horizontal position to a vertical position. The box cover plate supported on the L-shaped placement plate 1 simultaneously changes its placement posture: the long plate of the cover plate becomes a vertical position, and the short plate of the cover plate becomes a horizontal position.

[0060] Step 7: Lift the cover plate away To disconnect the clamping unit from the cover plate: rotate the handle 21 in the opposite direction, the two screws 22 rotate in the opposite direction, the two connecting blocks 19 move in opposite directions along the axis of the screws 22, the vertical block of the L-shaped clamping block 20 disengages from the side of the cover plate, and then the horizontal block of the L-shaped clamping block 20 is pulled out from the gap between the cover plate and the L-shaped placement plate 1, and the clamping unit is removed.

[0061] The cover plate is lifted off the L-shaped placement plate 1 using a crane. At this point, the cover plate is positioned with the shorter plate horizontal and the longer plate vertical, and it is placed directly on the ground. Because the shorter plate is horizontal on the ground, the vertical longer plate does not occupy additional horizontal projection area, significantly saving floor space compared to the initial horizontal placement state.

[0062] Step 8: Reset the device The cylinders are operated in reverse to reset the second and first flipping units to their initial horizontal positions, preparing for the flipping of the next cover plate. The first, second, and third cylinders are all double-acting cylinders equipped with hydraulic locks, which can maintain the current posture even after the air supply is cut off, ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0063] This invention employs a two-step posture reversal scheme of "first lying on one's side, then rolling over," and its design purpose and technical principle are as follows: 1. A single flip cannot achieve the target pose. The box cover to be flipped has an L-shaped structure, consisting of mutually perpendicular long and short panels. Its final placement requires the short panels to be horizontal on the ground and the long panels to be vertical. If a single flip is used, the L-shaped cover must be flipped directly from its initial horizontal position to its final position around a fixed hinge axis, requiring a flip angle of 180 degrees. A single 180-degree flip presents the following problems: First, during the flipping process, the center of gravity trajectory of the L-shaped cover plate is an arc, and the highest point of the center of gravity is located at the 90-degree flipping position. At this time, the height of the center of gravity is much higher than that of the two flipping schemes, which significantly increases the requirements for the driving torque of the drive mechanism and the structural strength.

[0064] Second, after a single 180-degree flip, the long strip of the L-shaped cover plate faces down and the short strip faces up, which is completely opposite to the target posture (short strip facing down horizontally and long strip facing up vertically).

[0065] Therefore, a single flip cannot meet the final placement posture requirements.

[0066] II. Two flips decompose complex spatial motion into two ordered actions. This invention decomposes the overall 180-degree attitude adjustment into two independent 90-degree flips, with each flip controlled within a 90-degree range: First flip (side-lying flip): The U-shaped frame 6 flips upward 90 degrees with the first hinge seat 5 as the center, so that the L-shaped placement plate 1 and the cover plate as a whole change from a horizontal state to a side-lying state. This flip lifts the cover plate from a horizontal position, realizing the transformation from a planar position to a spatial position, and creating the required rotation axis direction for the second flip.

[0067] Second flip (attitude change): Disk 13 rotates 90 degrees around the rotation axis that is currently horizontal, so that the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate 1 changes from an upward vertical position to a downward horizontal position, and the long plate changes from a horizontal position to a vertical position. This flip completes the final attitude change, so that the cover plate reaches the target state where the short plate is horizontally downward and the long plate is vertically upward.

[0068] III. Technical Advantages of Double Flipping Compared to a single flip, a double flip has the following advantages: First, each rotation angle is only 90 degrees, the center of gravity shift is small, and the requirements for the thrust of the drive cylinder and the strength of the hinge seat are lower than those for a single 180-degree rotation, which reduces the overall manufacturing cost and operating energy consumption of the device.

[0069] Secondly, the height of the L-shaped placement plate 1 is adjusted by the height adjustment unit between the two flips, which provides sufficient rotation space for the second flip, avoids interference and collision between the cover plate and the ground during the flipping process, and improves the safety of operation.

[0070] Third, after the first flip, the short plate of the L-shaped cover faces upward, and after the second flip, the short plate flips to a horizontal position facing downward. This posture allows the short plate to be placed directly on the ground, while the long plate stands upright without occupying additional horizontal projection area, thus achieving the technical effect of saving floor space.

[0071] Fourth, the two flipping units are independent of each other and can be debugged and maintained separately, which reduces the failure rate and maintenance difficulty of the equipment.

[0072] In summary, this invention employs a two-step posture reversal method of "first lying on one's side, then flipping over," replacing a single 180-degree large-angle flip with two 90-degree small-angle flips. This effectively reduces the driving load, improves operational safety, and significantly saves storage space for the cover plate while ensuring the final posture is accurately in place.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel, characterized in that, It includes a height adjustment unit, a first flipping unit, a second flipping unit, an L-shaped placement plate (1), and a clamping unit. The first flipping unit is installed on the height adjustment unit, the second flipping unit is installed on the top of the first flipping unit, and the L-shaped placement plate (1) is installed on the top of the second flipping unit. The first flipping unit controls the second flipping unit to flip 90 degrees, and the second flipping unit controls the L-shaped placement plate (1) to flip 90 degrees. The clamping unit is detachably installed on the L-shaped placement plate (1).

2. The multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment unit includes two long strips (2), and a set of first cylinder groups (3) is fixedly installed on the top of each long strip (2). Each set of first cylinder groups (3) consists of two first cylinders, one in front and one in back. The bottom of the fixed end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the top surface of the long strip (2). Several L-shaped top blocks (23) are fixedly installed on one side of one of the long strips (2).

3. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first flipping unit includes a frame (4), the top of the moving end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frame (4), two first hinge seats (5) are fixedly installed on one side of the top surface of the frame (4), the two first hinge seats (5) are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame (4), a U-shaped frame (6) is set above the first hinge seats (5), the hinge shaft of the first hinge seat (5) is hingedly connected to the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame (6), the first hinge seat (5) is located in the middle of the U-shaped frame (6), the front and rear ends of one side of the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame (6) are fixedly installed with second hinge seats (7), and two pieces are fixedly installed on the other side of the top surface of the frame (4). Support blocks (8), two support blocks (8) are located at the front and rear ends of the frame (4) respectively. The bottom ends of the two horizontal bars of the horizontal U-shaped frame (6) are attached to the support blocks (8). Two vertical long strips (9) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle part of the frame (4). The two long strips (9) are located at the front and rear ends of the frame (4) respectively. The bottom ends of the two long strips (9) are connected by a fixing block. The front and rear ends of one side of the fixing block are fixedly installed with a third hinge seat (10). The hinge shaft of a third hinge seat (10) and the hinge shaft of a second hinge seat (7) are hinged together by a second cylinder (11).

4. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second flipping unit includes a support plate (12), a limiting component, and a control component. The support plate (12) is located between the two horizontal bars of the U-shaped frame (6) and is fixedly connected to the horizontal bars. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the top surface of the support plate (12), and a disc (13) is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft. The control component is located between the disc (13) and the U-shaped frame (6) and controls the disc (13) to rotate. The limiting component is located between the disc (13) and the support plate (12) and limits the rotation angle of the disc (13). Several support columns are fixedly installed on the top surface of the disc (13). The several support columns are evenly distributed around the center of the disc (13), and the top of the support columns is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped placement plate (1).

5. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control assembly includes two fourth hinge seats (14) and two fifth hinge seats (15). The two fourth hinge seats (14) are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped frame (6) respectively. The hinge axis of the fourth hinge seat (14) faces upward. The two fifth hinge seats (15) are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the disc (13) and located on both sides of the disc (13). The hinge axis of the fifth hinge seat (15) faces downward. The hinge axis of the fourth hinge seat (14) and the hinge axis of the fifth hinge seat (15) are connected by a third cylinder (16). The two third cylinders (16) are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis.

6. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting component includes two limiting posts (17), the top of the two limiting posts (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the disk (13), the two limiting posts (17) are symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis, and two U-shaped blocks (18) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the support plate (12). The side openings of the two U-shaped blocks (18) are opposite, and the limiting posts (17) can be inserted into the grooves of the U-shaped blocks (18).

7. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping unit includes a connecting component and two sets of locking components. The connecting component is located between the two sets of locking components, and the distance between the two sets of locking components can be adjusted.

8. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a connecting block (19) and an L-shaped locking block (20). The top of the vertical block of the L-shaped locking block (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the connecting block (19), and a screw hole is opened on the other side of the connecting block (19).

9. A multi-directional flipping device for a box cover panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes a handle (21), with screws (22) fixedly installed at both ends of the handle (21). One end of the screw (22) is rotated and screwed into a screw hole, and the threads of the two screws (22) are opposite.

10. A method for multi-directional flipping of a box cover panel, characterized in that, The flipping steps of the box cover panel multi-directional flipping device according to claim 9 are as follows: Step 1: Place the height adjustment unit on the ground and fix the long strip (2) on the ground by placing counterweights or using ground nails; Step 2: The L-shaped cover plate is lifted onto the L-shaped placement plate (1) by a crane, so that the long strip of the cover plate is attached to the upper surface of the long plate of the L-shaped placement plate (1), and the short plate of the cover plate is attached to the upper surface of the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate (1). Step 3: Install the clamping unit, place the connecting block (19) on the top surface of the cover plate, and insert the horizontal block of the L-shaped clamping block (20) into the gap between the bottom surface of the cover plate and the top surface of the L-shaped placement plate (1). Rotate the handle (21), and the two screws (22) rotate synchronously, driving the two connecting blocks (19) to move towards each other along the axial direction of the screws (22), so that the vertical block of the L-shaped clamping block (20) fits tightly against the side of the cover plate, and the cover plate is fixedly connected to the L-shaped placement plate (1). Step 4: The first cylinders in the two sets of first cylinder groups (3) extend synchronously, pushing the frame (4) to move upward and adjusting the height of the L-shaped placement plate (1); Step 5: The two second cylinders (11) retract synchronously, driving the U-shaped frame (6) to rotate upward 90° with the first hinge seat (5) as the center, so that the horizontal U-shaped frame (6) becomes vertical, and driving the L-shaped placement plate (1) and the cover plate to rotate from the horizontal state to the side-lying state; Step 6: The two third cylinders (16) symmetrically distributed around the rotation axis retract synchronously, pulling the fifth hinge seat (15) at the corresponding position on the bottom of the disc (13). The pulling force of the two third cylinders (16) forms a torsional torque in the same direction, driving the disc (13) to rotate 90° around the rotation axis in the current horizontal state. The disc (13) drives the L-shaped placement plate (1) to rotate 90° synchronously through the support column, so that the short plate of the L-shaped placement plate (1) changes from vertical to horizontal and is located below the long plate. The long plate of the L-shaped placement plate (1) changes from horizontal to vertical. The long strip of the cover plate changes to vertical and the short plate of the cover plate changes to horizontal. Step 7: Disconnect the clamping unit from the cover plate, and use a crane to lift the cover plate off the L-shaped placement plate (1) and place it on the ground.

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