Method and apparatus for industrial water treatment based on multi-stage filtration load distribution

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for industrial water treatment based on multi-stage filtering load distribution, and relates to the technical field of industrial water treatment. The method comprises the following steps: adding a first filter before an original reverse osmosis device booster pump, and collecting first water inlet load data of the first filter in real time; performing pre-filtering treatment based on the first water inlet load data through the first filter, and removing large-size pollutants which cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling; taking an original reverse osmosis filter core as a second filtering unit, and collecting second water inlet load data of the second filtering unit after the pre-filtering treatment in real time; and performing deep precision filtering based on the second water inlet load data through the second filtering unit, and intercepting superfine pollutants. The method solves the technical problems that the reverse osmosis filter core directly bears the concentrated interception load of multiple types of pollutants in the prior art, and is prone to membrane fouling, filtering performance attenuation and frequent maintenance, and achieves the technical effects of grading and distributing filtering load and prolonging the service life of the filter core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial water treatment technology, and more specifically to industrial water treatment methods and equipment based on multi-stage filtration load distribution. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater generated during industrial production typically contains various pollutants such as suspended solids, particulate matter, organic matter, bacteria, and dissolved salts. Existing industrial water treatment equipment mostly uses reverse osmosis (RO) filters to centrally trap these mixed pollutants. Because pollutants of different particle sizes and properties enter the RO filtration stage together, large-sized pollutants easily deposit on the RO membrane surface, causing fouling. This leads to increased pressure difference across the membrane, decreased filtration flux, and increased energy consumption, requiring frequent cleaning or replacement of the RO filter cartridges. Therefore, existing industrial water treatment methods suffer from problems such as concentrated filtration load on RO filter cartridges, susceptibility to fouling, and short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an industrial water treatment method and equipment based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, which solves the technical problems in the prior art where reverse osmosis filter cartridges directly bear the concentrated interception load of multiple types of pollutants, which easily leads to membrane fouling, filtration performance degradation, and frequent maintenance.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides an industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load allocation, the method comprising: A primary filter is added before the booster pump of the existing reverse osmosis equipment, and the first influent load data of the primary filter is collected in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after the filter, and running time. Based on the first influent load data, the primary filter performs pre-filtration treatment to centrally remove large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. The existing reverse osmosis filter element is used as a secondary filtration unit, and the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration treatment is collected in real time. Based on the second influent load data, the secondary filtration unit performs deep fine filtration to intercept ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small-molecule organic matter.

[0005] A second aspect of this application provides an industrial water treatment device based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, the device comprising: First data acquisition module: Adds a primary filter before the existing reverse osmosis equipment booster pump and collects the first influent load data of the primary filter in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after, and running time data. Pre-filtration module: Performs pre-filtration treatment based on the first influent load data through the primary filter to centrally remove large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. Second data acquisition module: Uses the existing reverse osmosis filter cartridge as a secondary filtration unit and collects the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration treatment in real time. Fine filtration module: Performs deep fine filtration based on the second influent load data through the secondary filtration unit to intercept ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small-molecule organic matter.

[0006] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: First, a primary filter is added before the existing reverse osmosis (RO) equipment's booster pump, and the first influent load data of the primary filter is collected in real time. This data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after the filter, and operating time. Next, the primary filter performs pre-filtration based on the first influent load data, centrally removing large-sized contaminants that cause RO membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. Then, the existing RO filter cartridge is used as a secondary filtration unit, and the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration is collected in real time. Finally, the secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data, retaining ultrafine contaminants, including dissolved salts and trace small-molecule organic matter. This solves the technical problems of existing technologies where RO filter cartridges directly bear the concentrated retention load of multiple types of contaminants, easily leading to membrane fouling, filtration performance degradation, and frequent maintenance. It achieves the technical effect of graded distribution of filtration load and extended filter cartridge lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load allocation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage filtration load control structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of an industrial water treatment device based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0009] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: Power supply switching component 11, battery life calculation component 12, computing power level determination component 13, filtering execution component 14, computing power adjustment component 15. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0011] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load allocation, wherein the method includes: like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a primary filter is connected in series before the existing booster pump of the original reverse osmosis equipment. Industrial feed water enters the primary filter from the raw water tank for pre-filtration, and then is pumped by the original booster pump to a secondary filtration unit composed of the original reverse osmosis filter cartridges for deep filtration. The treated water obtained after treatment by the secondary filtration unit is output from the treated water outlet, and the resulting concentrate is discharged from the concentrate outlet. A feed water quality sampling point and a pre-pressure sampling point are set on the feed water side of the primary filter, and a post-pressure sampling point is set on the feed water side of the primary filter. Combined with the operating time of the primary filter, first feed water load data is generated to determine the appropriate feed water flux for the primary filter. Second feed water load data is collected on the feed water side of the secondary filtration unit and during operation to determine the appropriate fine filtration parameters for the secondary filtration unit. The load control unit performs feed water flux control and fine filtration parameter control according to the first and second feed water load data, respectively, thus forming a multi-stage filtration load control structure that combines primary pre-filtration and secondary deep fine filtration. In a preferred embodiment, a pipeline booster pump is also installed before the primary filter. The output power of the pipeline booster pump is adjusted to compensate for the pressure loss along the pipeline caused by the newly added primary filter, so as to maintain the stability of the inlet water pressure of the original reverse osmosis equipment.

[0012] An additional filter is added before the booster pump of the existing reverse osmosis equipment, and the first influent load data of the first filter is collected in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after the filter, and running time data.

[0013] Specifically, the inlet position of the original booster pump is determined on the inlet pipe of the existing reverse osmosis equipment. A primary filter is connected in series between the raw water inlet and the inlet of the original booster pump, so that the industrial water to be treated is pre-filtered by the primary filter before entering the original booster pump and reverse osmosis filter element. The primary filter adopts a bag filter structure. The filter bag with the corresponding filtration precision and dirt holding capacity is selected according to the particle size distribution and content of suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter and bacteria in the industrial water. The inlet and outlet pipes are connected according to the water flow direction marked on the primary filter shell to avoid reverse pressure on the filter bag. A water quality sampling point is set on the inlet side of the primary filter. One or more water quality indicators, such as inlet turbidity, suspended solids concentration, particulate matter number and particle size distribution, macromolecular organic matter content and bacterial content, are collected according to a preset sampling period. Each water quality indicator is timestamped according to the corresponding sampling time to form inlet water quality data. The inlet pressure on the inlet side and the outlet pressure on the outlet side of the primary filter are collected respectively. The difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure at the same sampling time is calculated according to... Calculate the real-time pressure difference across the primary filter, where ΔP is the real-time pressure difference across the primary filter. For inlet pressure, The system calculates the outlet pressure and arranges the continuously collected real-time pressure differences before and after the filter bag in sequence to characterize the change in flow resistance caused by the filter bag trapping pollutants. Simultaneously, the system uses the detection of continuous water flow within the primary filter and the inlet pressure reaching the preset operating pressure as the starting point for operation timing, and the interruption of water flow or the inlet pressure falling below the preset operating pressure as the ending point for this operation timing. The system accumulates the runtime data of each effective operating period to obtain the primary filter's runtime data, and resets the corresponding accumulated runtime to zero after filter bag replacement. The system correlates influent water quality data, real-time pressure differences before and after the filter bag has the same or adjacent timestamps with the runtime data, and forms the first influent load data of the primary filter according to the collection time sequence. This continuously characterizes the pollutant load entering the primary filter, the filter bag flow resistance, and the cumulative usage level, providing a data foundation for subsequently determining the appropriate influent flux, judging the pollutant trapping status of the filter bag, and performing consumable maintenance.

[0014] The primary filter performs pre-filtration based on the first influent load data to centrally remove large-sized contaminants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria.

[0015] Specifically, firstly, the rated throughput, filtration accuracy, rated pressure range, and dirt holding capacity of the primary filter are read as treatment performance parameters. Then, each influent water quality index in the first influent load data is compared with the corresponding water quality benchmark value to determine the pollutant load levels corresponding to suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. Simultaneously, the pressure difference ratio between the real-time pressure difference before and after the primary filter and the maximum allowable pressure difference, as well as the time ratio between the cumulative operating time and the rated service time of the filter bag, are calculated. Based on the pollutant load levels, pressure difference ratios, and time ratios, the current comprehensive load state of the primary filter is determined, and this current comprehensive load state is matched with preset graded load thresholds, classifying it into low load, medium load, or high load states. The preset graded load thresholds are pre-calibrated based on the historical operating data of the primary filter under different influent water qualities and throughputs, as well as its rated treatment performance. When in a low load state, the influent throughput is maintained or increased within the range not exceeding the rated throughput of the primary filter. When in a medium load state, the influent throughput is reduced according to the increase in pollutant load or the increase in the pressure difference before and after the filter. Under high load conditions, the influent flow rate is reduced to a preset safe flow rate, or the influent flow is suspended and filter maintenance is performed, thereby determining the appropriate influent flow rate corresponding to the current overall load condition. The flow regulation mechanism connected to the primary filter is adjusted according to the appropriate influent flow rate, allowing industrial water to enter the filter bag from the influent side of the primary filter and pass through the filter bag's filtration layer. Utilizing the pore size screening, surface interception, and adsorption of the internal fiber layer of the filter bag, suspended solids and particulate matter with a particle size larger than the filtration precision are intercepted, and large molecular organic matter and bacteria that aggregate to form larger particles are also blocked. The process causes pollutants to accumulate on the surface of the filter bag or in the gaps between the internal fibers. The pre-filtered industrial water is then output from the outlet of the primary filter to the existing reverse osmosis equipment. During the pre-filtration process, the data on the influent water quality, the pressure difference between the front and rear filters, and the operating time are continuously updated. When the rate of increase in the pressure difference between the front and rear filters is detected to exceed the preset pressure difference increase limit under the corresponding load level, the current influent flow rate is gradually reduced until the pressure difference between the front and rear filters returns to the allowable operating range. This allows for the concentrated removal of large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling within the processing capacity of the primary filter, and reduces the pollutant load on the subsequent secondary filtration units.

[0016] Furthermore, the pre-filtration process performed by the primary filter based on the first influent load data includes: Based on the processing performance parameters of the primary filter, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a tiered load water flux regulation rule. The tiered load water flux regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the influent flux according to a preset tiered load threshold. The tiered load water flux regulation rule is used to match and determine the first influent load data to determine the appropriate influent flux. The appropriate influent flux is then pre-filtered through the primary filter.

[0017] Preferably, the rated influent flux, effective filtration area, filtration accuracy, initial clean pressure differential, maximum allowable pressure differential, rated dirt holding capacity, and rated operating time of the primary filter are read as treatment performance parameters. The ratios of each influent water quality index in the first influent load data are calculated with the corresponding benchmark water quality index to obtain the water quality load coefficients for various pollutants. The water quality load coefficients are then weighted and summarized according to the degree of influence of each pollutant on the pressure differential increase of the primary filter to obtain the influent water quality load value. The pressure differential increase before and after real-time operation relative to the initial clean pressure differential is calculated, and the pressure differential increase is compared with the difference between the maximum allowable pressure differential and the initial clean pressure differential to obtain the pressure differential load ratio. Simultaneously, the cumulative operating time is... The duration is compared with the rated operating duration to obtain the duration load ratio; the influent water quality load value, differential pressure load ratio, and duration load ratio are weighted and fused to obtain the comprehensive load value of the primary filter. The weights of each item are calibrated based on historical operating data of the primary filter under different influent water qualities and influent fluxes, giving higher weights to load parameters with faster differential pressure increases or higher correlation with filter bag failure. Based on the rated influent flux, maximum allowable differential pressure, and rated dirt holding capacity, preset graded load thresholds are determined to characterize stable filtration, restricted filtration, and high-load filtration states, respectively. A correspondence between each load state and influent flux is established to form a graded load water flux control rule. When the comprehensive load value is... When the combined load value does not exceed the first grade load threshold, the rated influent flux is determined as the appropriate influent flux. When the combined load value exceeds the first grade load threshold but does not exceed the second grade load threshold, the influent flux is gradually reduced according to the increase of the combined load value relative to the first grade load threshold. When the combined load value exceeds the second grade load threshold, the pre-calibrated safe influent flux is determined as the appropriate influent flux. If the real-time pressure difference before and after reaches the maximum allowable pressure difference or the cumulative running time reaches the rated running time, the influent is stopped and the system enters the first-stage filter maintenance state. The current first influent load data is matched and determined according to the graded load flux control rules to determine the corresponding appropriate influent flux, and the appropriate influent flux is determined accordingly. The target influent flow rate is determined by multiplying the influent flow rate by the effective filtration area of ​​the primary filter. The actual influent flow rate of the primary filter is adjusted to reach the target influent flow rate by adjusting the influent flow rate control mechanism. Under the appropriate influent flow rate, the industrial water to be treated passes through the filter bag filtration layer of the primary filter. The suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria in the industrial water are concentratedly intercepted by the pore size screening, surface interception, and internal fiber adsorption of the filter bag filtration layer. The pre-filtered industrial water is then transported to the secondary filtration unit. At the same time, the first influent load data is continuously updated, and the appropriate influent flow rate is rematched according to the updated comprehensive load value to achieve dynamic adjustment of the influent flow rate of the primary filter with changes in pollutant load, pressure difference before and after, and operating time.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes: The pressure difference is determined based on the first inlet water load data. When the pressure difference across the primary filter rises to a preset threshold, it is determined that the pollutants trapped on the filter bag surface are approaching saturation, and an online backwashing prompt is issued. At the same time, it is determined whether the cumulative running time of the primary filter exceeds a preset upper limit threshold. If it does, a consumables warning prompt is issued. Based on the online backwashing prompt and the consumables warning prompt, the status warning and consumables maintenance of the primary filter are performed.

[0019] After the primary filter is replaced with a new filter bag and operates stably, the initial clean pressure difference under each inlet flow rate is recorded. Based on the maximum allowable pressure difference of the filter bag, a preset pressure difference threshold is set between the initial clean pressure difference and the maximum allowable pressure difference for each inlet flow rate. During the operation of the primary filter, the current pressure difference before and after the filter is extracted from the first inlet load data, and the corresponding preset pressure difference threshold is called according to the currently used adaptive inlet flow rate. When the number of times the pressure difference before and after the filter continuously reaches or exceeds the corresponding preset pressure difference threshold reaches a preset number of consecutive determinations, the pressure difference abnormality caused by instantaneous flow fluctuations is excluded, and it is determined that the pollutants trapped on the surface and internal pores of the filter bag are approaching saturation. An online backwashing prompt containing the primary filter identifier, the current pressure difference before and after the filter, and the prompt time is generated. At the same time, based on the rated service life of the filter bag and the effective running time when the filter bag reaches the replacement state during historical operation, a preset upper limit threshold for the cumulative running time is determined. The system compares the cumulative runtime in the first influent load data with the preset upper limit threshold. When the cumulative runtime reaches or exceeds the preset upper limit threshold, a consumables warning prompt is generated, including the filter bag specification, cumulative runtime, and recommended replacement time. When only an online backwashing prompt is generated, backwashing or offline cleaning is performed on the primary filter, and the pressure difference before and after operation is resumed is re-detected. If the pressure difference before and after decreases to below the preset recovery threshold, the online backwashing prompt is canceled; if the pressure difference before and after does not recover, it is converted to a filter bag replacement prompt. When a consumables warning prompt is generated, or when both an online backwashing prompt and a consumables warning prompt are generated simultaneously, filter bag replacement is determined as a priority maintenance task. After stopping the influent to the primary filter and completing the depressurization, the filter bag is replaced. After replacement, the initial clean pressure difference is re-recorded, the corresponding warning status is cleared, and the cumulative runtime is reset to zero, thereby completing the status warning and consumables maintenance of the primary filter.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes: A pipeline booster pump is added before the primary filter, and the inlet reference pressure value of the original reverse osmosis equipment is collected and calibrated; real-time inlet pressure data is monitored, and real-time friction loss data during the operation of the newly added primary filter is calculated based on the real-time inlet pressure data; the output power of the pipeline booster pump is dynamically controlled in a closed loop by combining the inlet reference pressure value and the real-time friction loss data.

[0021] A pipeline booster pump is connected in series on the inlet side of the primary filter. Before connecting the primary filter and the pipeline booster pump, the existing reverse osmosis equipment is operated stably at the rated inlet flow rate. Pressure data at the inlet of the booster pump of the existing reverse osmosis equipment is continuously collected. Start-up fluctuation data and abnormal sudden changes in pressure data are removed, and the average value of the remaining pressure data is calculated. The obtained average value is calibrated as the inlet reference pressure value under the corresponding inlet flow rate. After the pipeline booster pump is connected, the inlet pressure of the pipeline booster pump, the outlet pressure of the pipeline booster pump, and the pressure of the existing reverse osmosis equipment are collected respectively. The inlet pressure of the booster pump is recorded, and the pressure data are aligned according to the acquisition time to form real-time inlet pressure data. Using the outlet position of the booster pump in the pipeline as the first measuring point and the inlet position of the existing reverse osmosis equipment booster pump as the second measuring point, the real-time friction loss data generated by the fluid passing through the primary filter and its connecting pipelines is calculated based on the pressure difference between the two measuring points at the same acquisition time. When the pipe diameter and installation height of the two measuring points are the same, the difference between the outlet pressure of the booster pump in the pipeline and the inlet pressure of the existing reverse osmosis equipment booster pump is taken as the real-time friction loss; when the pipe diameter or installation height of the two measuring points are different, the difference is calculated according to... Calculate the real-time pressure loss along the friction, where, To provide real-time pressure loss along the pipeline, and These are the pressures at the first measuring point and the pressures at the second measuring point, respectively. and The installation heights of the first and second measuring points are respectively. and Here, ρ represents the flow velocity at the corresponding measuring point, ρ is the density of industrial water, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. The target outlet pressure of the pipeline booster pump is obtained by adding the inlet reference pressure value to the real-time pressure loss along the flow path. Based on the pressure increase between the target outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the pipeline booster pump, the real-time inlet flow rate, and the overall operating efficiency of the pipeline booster pump, according to... Calculate the target output power of the pipeline booster pump, where N is the target output power and Q is the real-time inlet water flow rate. To target export pressure, η represents the inlet pressure of the pipeline booster pump, and η represents the overall operating efficiency of the pipeline booster pump and its drive mechanism. The inlet pressure of the original reverse osmosis equipment booster pump, collected in real-time, is compared with the inlet water reference pressure. When the real-time inlet pressure is lower than the inlet water reference pressure, the operating frequency and output power of the pipeline booster pump are increased according to the pressure deviation. When the real-time inlet pressure is higher than the inlet water reference pressure, the operating frequency and output power of the pipeline booster pump are decreased according to the pressure deviation. The current output power is maintained when the pressure deviation is within a preset allowable fluctuation range. During the adjustment process, the real-time pressure loss data and pressure deviation are continuously updated according to a preset collection cycle. The target output power is corrected based on the update results until the inlet pressure of the original reverse osmosis equipment booster pump stabilizes within the allowable fluctuation range corresponding to the inlet water reference pressure, thereby compensating for the pressure loss introduced by the primary filter and its connecting pipelines.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes: After adding a pipeline booster pump before the primary filter, actual operating condition tests are performed to obtain operating pressure test data and water purification effect data. The operating pressure test data and water purification effect data are evaluated to determine the filtration pressure stability and filtration purification effect. The filtration pressure stability and filtration purification effect are then optimized through closed-loop verification using preset benchmark pressure stability and purification effect.

[0023] After adding a pipeline booster pump before the primary filter, the influent water quality and suitable influent flux at low, medium, and high loads of the primary filter were selected as actual test conditions. Under each actual test condition, the pipeline booster pump, primary filter, and existing reverse osmosis equipment were started. After the influent flow rate and pressure stabilized, the inlet and outlet pressures of the pipeline booster pump, the inlet and outlet pressures of the primary filter, the inlet pressure of the primary osmosis equipment booster pump, and the operating frequency and output power of the pipeline booster pump were continuously collected according to a preset collection cycle to form operating condition pressure test data. Simultaneously, water samples were collected from both the influent and effluent sides of the primary filter to detect turbidity, suspended solids concentration, number and size distribution of solid particles, macromolecular organic matter content, and bacterial content, forming water purification effect data. Using the inlet pressure of the existing reverse osmosis equipment booster pump as the evaluation object, the actual inlet pressure at each collection moment was compared with the influent reference pressure value under the corresponding influent flow rate to calculate the maximum pressure deviation rate. and pressure fluctuation coefficient ,in, Let be the actual inlet pressure at the i-th acquisition time. This is the inlet reference pressure value. The standard deviation of the actual inlet pressure during the test period. The average inlet pressure during the test period was used to determine the filtration pressure stability, taking into account the duration during which the actual inlet pressure exceeded the allowable pressure range. The detected values ​​of corresponding contaminants on the inlet and outlet sides of the primary filter were compared separately. Calculate the removal rate of pollutant type j, where, and The detection values ​​of pollutant type j at the inlet and outlet sides of the primary filter are used, respectively. The filtration and purification effect is determined by combining the removal rates of various pollutants and whether the effluent quality of the primary filter meets the inlet requirements of the secondary filtration unit. The maximum pressure deviation rate, pressure fluctuation coefficient, and duration of exceeding limits are compared with preset benchmark pressure stability requirements. The removal rates of various pollutants and the effluent quality of the primary filter are also compared with preset benchmark purification effect requirements. When the filtration pressure stability does not meet the benchmark pressure stability requirements, the target outlet pressure, output power adjustment increment, and power change rate of the pipeline booster pump are corrected based on the direction and magnitude of the deviation of the actual inlet pressure relative to the benchmark inlet pressure. Specifically, when the actual inlet pressure is too low, the target outlet pressure and output power are increased. When the actual inlet pressure is too high or the pressure fluctuation is too large, the single power adjustment increment is reduced and the power change rate is limited. When the filtration and purification effect does not meet the benchmark purification effect requirements, the appropriate influent flux under the corresponding load condition is reduced according to the type of pollutant that has not reached the benchmark removal rate and its removal rate deviation. At the same time, the correspondence between the load threshold and the influent flux in the graded load water flux control rule is corrected to extend the effective filtration time of industrial water in the primary filter. After the parameter correction is completed, the operating pressure test data and water purification effect data are collected again under the same actual test conditions and the comparison and verification are repeated until the filtration pressure stability and filtration and purification effect meet the corresponding benchmark requirements. The pipeline booster pump control parameters and graded load water flux control parameters at this time are used as the closed-loop verification and optimization results.

[0024] The original reverse osmosis filter cartridge is used as a secondary filtration unit, and the second inlet water load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration is collected in real time.

[0025] Specifically, the original reverse osmosis (RO) equipment retains the RO filter cartridges, membrane housings, inlet pipes, concentrate pipes, and product water pipes. These original RO filter cartridges serve as the secondary filtration unit. The outlet of the primary filter is connected to the inlet of the secondary filtration unit via the existing RO equipment booster pump, allowing industrial water pre-filtered by the primary filter to enter the secondary filtration unit after pressurization. A water load sampling point is determined at the inlet of the secondary filtration unit. One or more parameters are acquired according to a preset sampling cycle, including inlet flow rate, inlet pressure, inlet temperature, pH value, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, and fouling index. Conductivity and TDS characterize the dissolved salt load entering the secondary filtration unit; TOC characterizes the trace small molecule organic matter load; turbidity and fouling index characterize the potential fouling load caused by residual particulate matter in the primary filter effluent on the RO filter cartridges; and inlet flow rate, inlet pressure, and inlet temperature characterize... The hydraulic load and operating conditions of the secondary filtration unit are assessed. Influent water quality parameters, flow rate, pressure, and temperature at the same collection time are correlated according to timestamps. Missing values, abrupt changes, and outliers exceeding the corresponding detection range are removed or compensated using adjacent valid data to obtain effective influent parameters. Real-time membrane flux is calculated based on the ratio of influent flow rate to the effective membrane area of ​​the secondary filtration unit. The total dissolved solids content and total organic carbon content are multiplied by the influent flow rate to obtain the dissolved salt load and organic matter load entering the secondary filtration unit per unit time. The real-time membrane flux, dissolved salt load, organic matter load, residual fouling load, influent pressure, and influent temperature are combined according to the collection time sequence to form the second influent load data for the secondary filtration unit. This continuously characterizes the hydraulic load, dissolved salt load, organic matter load, and potential membrane fouling load caused by the pre-filtered industrial water to the secondary filtration unit, providing a data basis for subsequently determining suitable fine filtration parameters.

[0026] The secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data to trap ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small molecule organic matter.

[0027] Specifically, when the secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data, it reads the real-time membrane flux, dissolved salt load, organic matter load, residual fouling load, influent pressure, and influent temperature from the second influent load data. Each load data point is compared with the rated influent pressure, maximum allowable membrane flux, design recovery rate, rated desalination rate, and allowable influent water quality range of the secondary filtration unit to determine whether the current influent load is within the allowable operating range of the secondary filtration unit. The influent osmotic pressure is determined based on the influent conductivity and total dissolved solids content, and the water permeation performance of the reverse osmosis membrane is corrected in conjunction with the influent temperature. The operating frequency of the original reverse osmosis equipment booster pump is adjusted so that the pressure difference between the influent and product water sides of the secondary filtration unit is greater than the osmotic pressure difference between the influent and product water sides, forming an effective transmembrane pressure that drives water molecules to pass through the dense selective permeation layer of the reverse osmosis membrane. Simultaneously, the influent flow rate and concentrate discharge flow rate are determined based on the dissolved salt load, organic matter load, and residual fouling load to maintain the actual membrane flux and recovery rate within the allowable range. Within the permissible operating range of the reverse osmosis membrane; under effective transmembrane pressure, water molecules in industrial water pass through the dense selective permeation layer of the reverse osmosis membrane to enter the product water side. Ions in dissolved salts and trace small organic molecules are retained on the feed water side due to the dissolution and diffusion restriction, steric hindrance, and charge repulsion of the selective permeation layer of the reverse osmosis membrane, and migrate to the concentrate side and are discharged along with the water that has not permeated through the reverse osmosis membrane, thereby obtaining the product water after deep filtration; during the deep filtration process, the conductivity, total dissolved solids content, and total organic carbon content on the product water side are continuously collected. The permeate side detection value is compared with the corresponding feed water side detection value, and the rejection rates of dissolved salts and trace small molecule organic matter are calculated respectively. When either rejection rate is lower than the preset fine filtration effect threshold, the effective transmembrane pressure is increased or the recovery rate and membrane surface water flux are reduced, provided that the allowable feed water pressure and allowable membrane surface water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane are not exceeded. The second feed water load data is updated according to the adjusted operating status until the permeate water quality meets the preset depth fine filtration requirements, thereby achieving selective rejection of dissolved salts and trace small molecule organic matter.

[0028] Furthermore, the deep filtration performed by the secondary filtration unit based on the second influent load data includes: Based on the processing performance parameters of the secondary filtration unit, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a graded load fine filtration regulation rule. The graded load fine filtration regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the fine filtration parameters according to a preset graded load threshold. The graded load fine filtration regulation rule is used to match and determine the second influent load data to determine the appropriate fine filtration parameters. The secondary filtration unit performs deep fine filtration treatment based on the appropriate fine filtration parameters.

[0029] When the secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data, the rated influent pressure, maximum allowable influent pressure, design membrane flux, maximum allowable membrane flux, design recovery rate, maximum allowable recovery rate, rated desalination rate, effective membrane area, and standard operating temperature of the secondary filtration unit are read as treatment performance parameters. The dissolved salt load, organic matter load, residual fouling load, and real-time membrane flux from the second influent load data are compared with their corresponding maximum allowable loads or rated operating parameters to calculate the dissolved salt load coefficient, organic matter load coefficient, residual fouling load coefficient, and hydraulic load coefficient. The temperature correction is then determined based on the deviation between the influent temperature and the standard operating temperature. Positive coefficients are used; the maximum value among all load coefficients is selected as the current comprehensive load coefficient, and the load type corresponding to this maximum value is determined as the dominant load type to avoid a single high load being offset by other low load parameters; based on the operating test data of the secondary filtration unit within the rated desalination rate and allowable inlet water pressure range, a first-level load threshold and a second-level load threshold are set respectively. States not exceeding the first-level load threshold are classified as low-load states, states exceeding the first-level load threshold but not exceeding the second-level load threshold are classified as medium-load states, and states exceeding the second-level load threshold are classified as high-load states. A correspondence between fine filtration parameters is established for different load states and dominant load types, forming a graded load fine filtration system. The filtration control rules include fine filtration parameters such as inlet water pressure, membrane flux, recovery rate, and concentrate discharge flow rate. Specifically, under low load conditions, the designed membrane flux and recovery rate are used, and the inlet water pressure to maintain the designed membrane flux is determined based on the inlet-side osmotic pressure. Under medium load conditions, when dissolved salt load or inlet water temperature is the dominant load, the inlet water pressure is increased within the allowable maximum inlet pressure range, and the recovery rate is reduced to decrease salt enrichment on the concentrate side. When organic load, residual fouling load, or hydraulic load is the dominant load, the membrane flux and recovery rate are reduced, and the concentrate discharge flow rate is increased accordingly to weaken concentration polarization and contaminant deposition on the reverse osmosis membrane surface. Under high load conditions, the membrane flux is... The flux and recovery rate are reduced to the pre-calibrated safe operating values. The influent pressure is adjusted only to the value required to maintain the effective transmembrane pressure. When the required influent pressure exceeds the maximum allowable influent pressure or any load factor exceeds the upper limit of the corresponding treatment performance, the influent to the secondary filtration unit is suspended and the unit is put into maintenance mode. The load level and dominant load type of the current second influent load data are matched using the graded load fine filtration control rules. The influent pressure, membrane surface water flux, recovery rate and concentrate discharge flow rate are extracted from the corresponding fine filtration parameter mapping relationship to obtain the appropriate fine filtration parameters. The target influent flow rate is determined according to the product of the appropriate membrane surface water flux and the effective membrane area. The target permeate flow rate and target concentrate discharge flow rate are determined according to the appropriate recovery rate.Adjust the inlet pressure, inlet flow rate, and concentrate discharge flow rate of the secondary filtration unit according to the adapted fine filtration parameters to stabilize the actual operating parameters at the corresponding target values. Utilize the resulting effective transmembrane pressure to drive water molecules through the reverse osmosis membrane, and selectively retain dissolved salts and trace small organic molecules on the concentrate side, thus completing the deep fine filtration treatment.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes: The system detects and evaluates the industrial water treatment effect data after the secondary filtration unit is used; based on the industrial water treatment effect data, the system optimizes the adaptive fine filtration parameters and performs fine filtration optimization processing using the optimized adaptive fine filtration parameters.

[0031] After the secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration according to the adapted fine filtration parameters, the conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total organic carbon (TOC), and turbidity of the influent and permeate sides of the secondary filtration unit are collected synchronously according to a preset detection cycle. The influent flow rate, permeate flow rate, concentrate discharge flow rate, influent pressure, and membrane flux are also collected within the corresponding detection cycle to form industrial water treatment effect data. The TDS content on the influent side and the permeate side is compared according to... Calculate the dissolved salt rejection rate by comparing the total organic carbon content on the influent side and the product water side, and then... Calculate the organic matter retention rate and follow the... Calculate the actual recovery rate, where, For dissolved salt rejection rate, and The total dissolved solids content are for the influent side and the product water side, respectively. Organic matter retention rate, and The total organic carbon content on the influent side and the product water side are respectively, and Y is the actual recovery rate. For water production flow rate, The influent flow rate is used as the reference value. The dissolved salt rejection rate, organic matter rejection rate, permeate conductivity, permeate turbidity, actual recovery rate, and permeate flow rate are compared with their respective preset fine filtration effect thresholds to determine water quality purification deviations and permeate performance deviations. Based on the deviation type, the adaptive fine filtration parameters are optimized accordingly. When the permeate conductivity or total dissolved solids content exceeds the corresponding threshold, or the dissolved salt rejection rate is lower than the preset fine filtration effect threshold, the adaptive recovery rate is preferentially reduced and the concentrate discharge flow rate is increased to reduce salt accumulation on the concentrate side. The concentration polarization at the membrane surface is adjusted, and the feed water pressure is then corrected based on the adjusted osmotic pressure changes to maintain the effective transmembrane pressure within the target range. When the total organic carbon content in the permeate exceeds the corresponding threshold or the organic matter rejection rate is lower than the preset fine filtration effect threshold, the water flux and recovery rate at the membrane surface are reduced, and the concentrate discharge flow rate is increased accordingly to reduce the accumulation of trace small molecule organic matter on the reverse osmosis membrane surface. When the permeate quality meets the preset fine filtration effect threshold but the permeate flow rate is lower than the target permeate flow rate, the flow rate is adjusted within the allowable range of the secondary filtration unit. Under the conditions of maximum inlet pressure and maximum allowable membrane flux, the adaptive inlet pressure is gradually increased according to the permeate flow rate deviation. When the permeate quality and flow rate meet the corresponding requirements and the inlet pressure is higher than the pressure required to maintain the current treatment effect, the adaptive inlet pressure is gradually decreased until the permeate quality or flow rate approaches the corresponding allowable boundary to reduce unnecessary pressurization energy consumption. The single parameter correction amount is determined according to the ratio of each deviation to the corresponding threshold, and the single change of inlet pressure, membrane flux, recovery rate, and concentrate discharge flow rate is limited by a preset maximum correction range to obtain the optimized adaptive fine filtration parameters. The optimized adaptive fine filtration parameters are sent to the secondary filtration unit for fine filtration optimization. After a preset stable operating period, the industrial water treatment effect data is re-detected and the evaluation and targeted optimization are repeated until the permeate quality, flow rate, and actual recovery rate meet the corresponding requirements. If the fine filtration effect is still not up to standard after the preset number of optimizations, the inlet pressure is stopped and a maintenance prompt for the secondary filtration unit is issued.

[0032] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: First, a primary filter is added before the existing reverse osmosis (RO) equipment's booster pump, and the first influent load data of the primary filter is collected in real time. This data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after the filter, and operating time. Next, the primary filter performs pre-filtration based on the first influent load data, centrally removing large-sized contaminants that cause RO membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. Then, the existing RO filter cartridge is used as a secondary filtration unit, and the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration is collected in real time. Finally, the secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data, retaining ultrafine contaminants, including dissolved salts and trace small-molecule organic matter. This solves the technical problems of existing technologies where RO filter cartridges directly bear the concentrated retention load of multiple types of contaminants, easily leading to membrane fouling, filtration performance degradation, and frequent maintenance. It achieves the technical effect of graded distribution of filtration load and extended filter cartridge lifespan.

[0033] Example 2 is based on the same inventive concept as the industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution in the previous examples, such as... Figure 3 As shown, this application provides an industrial water treatment device based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, wherein the device includes: First data acquisition module 11: Adds a primary filter before the existing reverse osmosis equipment booster pump and collects the first influent load data of the primary filter in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after, and running time data. Pre-filtration module 12: Performs pre-filtration treatment based on the first influent load data through the primary filter to centrally remove large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. Second data acquisition module 13: Uses the existing reverse osmosis filter cartridge as a secondary filtration unit and collects the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration treatment in real time. Fine filtration module 14: Performs deep fine filtration based on the second influent load data through the secondary filtration unit to intercept ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small-molecule organic matter.

[0034] Furthermore, the pre-filtering module 12 is used to perform the following method: Based on the processing performance parameters of the primary filter, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a tiered load water flux regulation rule. The tiered load water flux regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the influent flux according to a preset tiered load threshold. The tiered load water flux regulation rule is used to match and determine the first influent load data to determine the appropriate influent flux. The appropriate influent flux is then pre-filtered through the primary filter.

[0035] Furthermore, the pre-filtering module 12 is used to perform the following method: The pressure difference is determined based on the first inlet water load data. When the pressure difference across the primary filter rises to a preset threshold, it is determined that the pollutants trapped on the filter bag surface are approaching saturation, and an online backwashing prompt is issued. At the same time, it is determined whether the cumulative running time of the primary filter exceeds a preset upper limit threshold. If it does, a consumables warning prompt is issued. Based on the online backwashing prompt and the consumables warning prompt, the status warning and consumables maintenance of the primary filter are performed.

[0036] Furthermore, the pre-filtering module 12 is used to perform the following method: A pipeline booster pump is added before the primary filter, and the inlet reference pressure value of the original reverse osmosis equipment is collected and calibrated; real-time inlet pressure data is monitored, and real-time friction loss data during the operation of the newly added primary filter is calculated based on the real-time inlet pressure data; the output power of the pipeline booster pump is dynamically controlled in a closed loop by combining the inlet reference pressure value and the real-time friction loss data.

[0037] Furthermore, the pre-filtering module 12 is used to perform the following method: After adding a pipeline booster pump before the primary filter, actual operating condition tests are performed to obtain operating pressure test data and water purification effect data. The operating pressure test data and water purification effect data are evaluated to determine the filtration pressure stability and filtration purification effect. The filtration pressure stability and filtration purification effect are then optimized through closed-loop verification using preset benchmark pressure stability and purification effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the fine filtration module 14 is used to perform the following method: Based on the processing performance parameters of the secondary filtration unit, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a graded load fine filtration regulation rule. The graded load fine filtration regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the fine filtration parameters according to a preset graded load threshold. The graded load fine filtration regulation rule is used to match and determine the second influent load data to determine the appropriate fine filtration parameters. The secondary filtration unit performs deep fine filtration treatment based on the appropriate fine filtration parameters.

[0039] Furthermore, the fine filtration module 14 is used to perform the following method: The system detects and evaluates the industrial water treatment effect data after the secondary filtration unit is used; based on the industrial water treatment effect data, the system optimizes the adaptive fine filtration parameters and performs fine filtration optimization processing using the optimized adaptive fine filtration parameters.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, characterized in that, The method includes: A primary filter is added before the booster pump of the existing reverse osmosis equipment, and the first influent load data of the primary filter is collected in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after, and running time data. The primary filter performs pre-filtration based on the first influent load data to centrally remove large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. The original reverse osmosis filter cartridge is used as a secondary filtration unit, and the second inlet water load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration is collected in real time. The secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data to trap ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small molecule organic matter.

2. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-filtration process performed by the primary filter based on the first influent load data includes: Based on the processing performance parameters of the primary filter, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a graded load water flux regulation rule. The graded load water flux regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the influent flux according to a preset graded load threshold. The first influent load data is matched and determined using the graded load water flux control rule to determine the appropriate influent flux. The appropriate influent flow rate is pre-filtered using the primary filter.

3. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The pressure difference is determined based on the first inlet water load data. When the pressure difference before and after the first-stage filter rises to a preset threshold, it is determined that the pollutants trapped on the surface of the filter bag are approaching saturation, and an online backwashing prompt is issued. At the same time, it is determined whether the cumulative running time of the primary filter exceeds the preset upper limit threshold. If it does, a consumables warning is issued. Based on the online backwashing prompts and the consumables early warning prompts, the status of the primary filter is monitored and consumables are maintained.

4. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: A pipeline booster pump was added before the primary filter, and the inlet water reference pressure value of the original reverse osmosis equipment was collected and calibrated. Monitor real-time inlet water pressure data, and calculate real-time friction loss data during the operation of the newly added primary filter based on the real-time inlet water pressure data; By combining the inlet reference pressure value and the real-time pressure loss data along the pipeline, the output power of the pipeline booster pump is dynamically controlled in a closed loop.

5. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: After adding a pipeline booster pump before the primary filter, actual working condition tests were performed to obtain working condition pressure test data and water purification effect data. The pressure test data and water purification effect data under the aforementioned operating conditions are evaluated to determine the stability of the filtration pressure and the filtration purification effect. The stability of the filtration pressure and the filtration purification effect are optimized through closed-loop verification using preset benchmark pressure stability and purification effect.

6. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the second influent load data, including: Based on the processing performance parameters of the secondary filtration unit, load regulation analysis is performed to construct a graded load fine filtration regulation rule. The graded load fine filtration regulation rule is used to dynamically adjust the fine filtration parameters according to a preset graded load threshold. The second influent load data is matched and determined using the graded load fine filtration control rules to identify suitable fine filtration parameters. The secondary filtration unit performs deep filtration based on the adapted fine filtration parameters.

7. The industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Detect and evaluate the industrial water treatment effect data after the secondary filtration unit is used; Based on the industrial water treatment effect data, the adaptive fine filtration parameters are optimized in a targeted manner, and fine filtration optimization processing is performed using the optimized adaptive fine filtration parameters.

8. An industrial water treatment device based on multi-stage filtration load distribution, characterized in that, The equipment for implementing the industrial water treatment method based on multi-stage filtration load distribution as described in any one of claims 1-7 includes: First data acquisition module: Add a first-stage filter before the booster pump of the original reverse osmosis equipment, and collect the first influent load data of the first-stage filter in real time. The first influent load data includes influent water quality, pressure difference before and after, and running time data. Pre-filtration module: Based on the first influent load data, the primary filter performs pre-filtration to centrally remove large-sized pollutants that cause reverse osmosis membrane fouling, including suspended solids, particulate matter, macromolecular organic matter, and bacteria. The second data acquisition module uses the original reverse osmosis filter cartridge as a secondary filtration unit and collects the second influent load data of the secondary filtration unit after pre-filtration in real time. Fine filtration module: Based on the second influent load data, the secondary filtration unit performs deep fine filtration to remove ultrafine pollutants, including dissolved salts and trace small molecule organic matter.

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