A system, method, apparatus, medium, and product for treating petroleum industry wastewater

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of petroleum industry wastewater treatment system, method, device, medium and product, it is related to computer vision identification technical field, by setting observation water tank, the flocculation image of mixed liquid in coagulation process and multiple water quality parameters are acquired in real time, and it is quantified into coagulation degree of representing flocculation formation state using preset coagulation degree calculation model, according to the coagulation degree, the dosing amount of coagulation reagent is dynamically adjusted, so that the petroleum concentration and suspended solids concentration of final effluent meet preset standard, system can perceive the water quality change of petroleum industry wastewater, and accordingly, adjust the dosing amount of coagulation reagent in time, change the extensive mode of relying on experience judgment or single water quality parameter for adjustment in the prior art, avoid the fluctuation of treatment effect caused by the adjustment not in time after water quality changes, and the waste of reagent caused by lack of basis of reagent dosing, effectively solve the technical problems of low treatment efficiency caused by difficult to adapt to water quality fluctuation in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of computer vision recognition technology, and in particular to a system, method, apparatus, medium and product for treating petroleum industry wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] The petroleum industry generates large amounts of industrial wastewater containing oil and suspended solids. This wastewater has a complex composition, and direct discharge can have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the treatment of petroleum industry wastewater is of great significance.

[0003] In existing technologies, coagulants are typically added to petroleum industry wastewater and thoroughly mixed to cause oil and suspended pollutants in the wastewater to aggregate and form flocs. The flocs are then separated by air flotation, and the supernatant after separation is the purified effluent, thus completing the wastewater purification treatment.

[0004] However, existing technologies suffer from low efficiency in treating petroleum industry wastewater. They struggle to adjust the dosage of coagulants based on dynamic changes in the wastewater's quality, leading to low treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a system, method, apparatus, medium, and product for treating petroleum industry wastewater, in order to solve the problem of low treatment efficiency of petroleum industry wastewater in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a treatment system for petroleum industry wastewater, including a control unit and an observation tank. The control unit is communicatively connected to a preset coagulation reactor, and the observation tank is connected to the preset coagulation reactor via a pipeline.

[0007] The control unit is used to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture in response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid;

[0008] The control unit is further configured to input the floc image and the plurality of water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixture;

[0009] The control unit is also used to adjust the dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

[0010] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system further includes a sampling module, which includes a sampling component, a flow stabilizing component, and a stirring component. The sampling component is connected to the pipelines of the preset coagulation reactor and the observation tank, respectively. Both the sampling component and the stirring component are communicatively connected to the control unit. The flow stabilizing component is connected to the pipelines of the sampling component and the observation tank, respectively.

[0011] The control unit is used to control the sampling component to transport the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor to the observation tank through the flow stabilization component, and the flow stabilization component is used to change the mixed liquid from directional flow to diffusion flow;

[0012] The control unit is further configured to control the stirring assembly to stir the mixture in the observation tank when the mixture begins to be injected into the observation tank.

[0013] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system further includes an image acquisition unit, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the image acquisition unit to acquire images of the flocs when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture.

[0014] The image acquisition unit includes a light source, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. The light source is used to provide illumination when the image acquisition unit acquires the floc image.

[0015] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system further includes a water quality analysis unit, which is communicatively connected to the control unit and connected to the observation tank pipeline. The control unit is used to control the water quality analysis unit to collect the multiple water quality parameters when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture.

[0016] The observation tank is equipped with a transparent observation window, and the transparent observation window has an oil-proof and stain-proof coating on its inner side. The control unit is used to control the image acquisition unit to acquire images of the flocs through the transparent observation window when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture.

[0017] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system further includes a buffer unit, which comprises an intermediate water tank and a reflux pump. The intermediate water tank is equipped with an inlet and a level detection component, and the observation tank is equipped with an outlet. The inlet and the outlet are connected by pipelines. The intermediate water tank and the preset coagulation reactor are both connected to the reflux pump pipeline. The inlet, the outlet, the reflux pump, and the level detection component are all communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0018] The control unit is used to control the inlet and outlet to open when the image acquisition unit has acquired the floc image and the water quality analysis unit has acquired the multiple water quality parameters, so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the observation tank to the intermediate tank.

[0019] The control unit is also used to detect the liquid level of the intermediate water tank through the liquid level detection component, and when the liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset upper limit of the liquid level, control the reflux pump to be turned on so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the intermediate water tank to the preset coagulation reactor.

[0020] The control unit is also used to control the reflux pump to stop conducting when the liquid level is less than or equal to a preset lower limit.

[0021] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system further includes a cleaning unit, which includes a cleaning water pump, a chemical pump, a cleaning water tank, and a chemical tank. The cleaning water tank is connected to the flushing assembly pipeline on the observation water tank via the cleaning water pump, and the chemical tank is connected to the flushing assembly pipeline via the chemical pump. Both the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump are communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0022] The control unit is configured to, after the mixture in the observation tank has been discharged into the intermediate tank, control the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump to be turned on, so as to deliver the clean water in the cleaning water tank and the cleaning agent in the chemical agent tank to the rinsing assembly, the rinsing assembly being used to clean the transparent observation window with a cleaning solution obtained by mixing the clean water and the cleaning agent;

[0023] The control unit is further configured to, when the time for the rinsing assembly to clean the transparent observation window reaches a preset duration, control the cleaning water pump and the chemical water pump to stop conducting, and control the inlet and the outlet to conduct, so as to discharge the cleaning liquid in the observation water tank to the intermediate water tank.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for treating petroleum industry wastewater, the method being applied to a control unit in a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system as described in any of the first aspects, the method comprising:

[0025] In response to the injection of the mixed liquid from the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank, floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid are acquired; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid;

[0026] The floc image and the multiple water quality parameters are input into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and the coagulation effect in the mixture.

[0027] The dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor is adjusted according to the degree of coagulation so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

[0028] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a treatment apparatus for petroleum industry wastewater, the apparatus being located in a control unit within a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system as described in any of the first aspects, the apparatus comprising:

[0029] The acquisition module is used to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture in response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid from the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid;

[0030] The input module is used to input the floc image and the multiple water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixture;

[0031] An adjustment module is used to adjust the dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

[0032] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater as described in the second aspect.

[0033] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater as described in the second aspect.

[0034] This application provides a system, method, apparatus, medium, and product for treating petroleum industrial wastewater. By setting up an observation tank to acquire real-time images of flocs and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid during the coagulation process, and using a preset coagulation degree calculation model to quantify these into a coagulation degree characterizing the floc formation state, the dosage of coagulant is dynamically adjusted based on this coagulation degree. This ensures that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids in the final effluent meets preset standards. The system can sense changes in the water quality of petroleum industrial wastewater and adjust the dosage of coagulant accordingly. This changes the extensive mode of adjustment in existing technologies that relies on experience or a single water quality parameter, avoiding fluctuations in treatment effect caused by untimely adjustments after water quality changes, and avoiding waste of chemicals due to a lack of basis for dosage. It effectively solves the technical problem of low treatment efficiency caused by the inability to adapt to water quality fluctuations in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 ;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 ;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 6 ;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart illustrating the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater provided in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that the phrase "at...time" in the embodiments of this application can refer to the instant at which a certain situation occurs, or to a period of time after the occurrence of a certain situation; the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this. Furthermore, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system, method, apparatus, medium, and product provided in the embodiments of this application are merely examples; a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system, method, apparatus, medium, and product may also include more or fewer elements.

[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] To clearly understand the technical solution of this application, the existing technical solutions will first be described in detail. The petroleum industry generates a large amount of industrial wastewater containing oil and suspended solids. This type of wastewater has a complex composition, and direct discharge will have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and the surrounding environment. Therefore, carrying out wastewater treatment in the petroleum industry is of great significance.

[0051] In existing technologies, coagulants are typically added to petroleum industry wastewater and thoroughly mixed to cause oil and suspended pollutants in the wastewater to aggregate into flocs. These flocs are then separated using air flotation, and the resulting supernatant is the purified effluent, thus completing the wastewater purification process. However, existing technologies struggle to adjust the dosage of coagulants according to the dynamic changes in the water quality of petroleum industry wastewater, resulting in low treatment efficiency. Therefore, existing technologies suffer from low efficiency in treating petroleum industry wastewater.

[0052] Therefore, addressing the low efficiency of existing petroleum industry wastewater treatment technologies, this research found that, to solve this problem: Optionally, an independent observation tank can be added after the coagulation reactor. The mixed liquor from the reactor can be introduced into this tank, and floc images can be acquired using the relatively static and controllable environment of the tank, obtaining clear floc image data to provide a reliable image basis for subsequent analysis. Optionally, while acquiring floc images, multidimensional water quality parameters of the mixed liquor can be measured. The degree of coagulation can be determined based on the floc images and multidimensional water quality parameters, providing a reliable basis for real-time adjustment of the coagulant dosage, ensuring that the dosage matches the real-time water quality of the wastewater. Optionally, the floc images and multiple water quality parameters can be input into a coagulation degree calculation model. This model directly outputs the coagulation degree, and the control unit adjusts the dosage of coagulant in the coagulation reactor based on the coagulation degree, ensuring that the dosage is always matched with the real-time water quality of the wastewater.

[0053] This application provides a system, method, apparatus, medium, and product for treating petroleum industrial wastewater. By setting up an observation tank to acquire real-time images of flocs and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid during the coagulation process, and using a preset coagulation degree calculation model to quantify these into a coagulation degree characterizing the floc formation state, the dosage of coagulant is dynamically adjusted based on this coagulation degree. This ensures that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids in the final effluent meets preset standards. The system can sense changes in the water quality of petroleum industrial wastewater and adjust the dosage of coagulant accordingly. This changes the extensive mode of adjustment in the prior art, which relies on experience or a single water quality parameter, avoiding fluctuations in treatment effect due to response lag and waste of reagents due to blind adjustment. It effectively solves the technical problem of low treatment efficiency caused by the inability to adapt to water quality fluctuations in the prior art.

[0054] Based on the above-mentioned inventive discovery, the technical solution of this application is proposed.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the wastewater treatment system for the petroleum industry includes a control unit and an observation tank. The control unit is communicatively connected to a preset coagulation reactor, and the observation tank is connected to the preset coagulation reactor via pipeline.

[0056] Specifically, the outlet of the pre-set coagulation reactor can be connected to the inlet of a high-pressure water pump via a rigid water pipe. The outlet of the high-pressure water pump is then connected to the inlet of an observation tank via the same rigid water pipe. The control unit is connected to the reagent dosing actuator of the coagulation reactor via a wired communication line. The coagulated solution from the coagulation reactor flows into the observation tank through the pipe, and the control unit can transmit control signals to the coagulation reactor via the communication line. This setup ensures a stable delivery of the coagulation solution from the coagulation reactor to the observation tank while simultaneously enabling signal communication between the control unit and the coagulation reactor, providing hardware support for subsequent collection of relevant information about the mixture and adjustment of reagent dosage.

[0057] The control unit is used to respond to the start of injection of the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank, and to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain a mixed liquid.

[0058] Specifically, an image acquisition unit and a water quality analysis unit can be set up. Both the image acquisition unit and the water quality analysis unit are communicatively connected to the control unit. A flow switch is installed on the inlet of the observation tank. The signal line of the flow switch is directly connected to the digital input port of the control unit. When the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor begins to flow into the observation tank through the pipeline, the flow in the pipeline causes the flow switch to activate, sending a high-level pulse signal to the control unit. After receiving the signal, the control unit immediately triggers the image acquisition unit to capture floc images through the transparent observation window of the observation tank, and simultaneously triggers the water quality analysis unit to extract the mixed liquid from the observation tank to detect multiple water quality parameters, such as pH value, conductivity, and turbidity. This setup is used to automatically start collecting floc images and water quality parameters at the first moment the mixed liquid enters the observation tank, avoiding time delays caused by manual intervention or timed sampling, thereby obtaining the raw data that best reflects the real-time state of the coagulation reaction.

[0059] The control unit is also used to input floc images and multiple water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixture.

[0060] Specifically, a pre-trained convolutional neural network model can be built into the control unit. The input layer of this model simultaneously receives the feature map of the floc image after pixel normalization and size scaling, as well as a numerical vector composed of multiple water quality parameters. The output layer outputs a coagulation degree value between 0 and 1. This setting is used to quantify the morphological information of the flocs and the chemical and physical properties of the water into a clear indicator, so as to determine whether the flocs have grown to a suitable state for air flotation separation.

[0061] The preset coagulation degree calculation model is a mathematical mapping model that converts floc image features and multiple water quality parameter values ​​into a single coagulation degree value. Training samples for this model can be collected through multiple experiments. By adjusting the dosage ratio of chemicals in the coagulation reactor and the influent concentration, various differentiated wastewater treatment conditions are simulated. Under each condition, floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid in the tank are collected and observed. Combined with the floc formation state inside the mixed liquid and the effluent indicators after air flotation separation under the corresponding conditions, the corresponding standard coagulation degree values ​​are manually labeled for each set of collected data. All collected data and labeled values ​​are integrated to form a complete training sample library. All training samples in the sample library are randomly divided into training, validation, and test sets, and then fed into the initially unadjusted... The basic model is input with image data, water quality parameters, and corresponding coagulation degree annotations from the training set. Based on the input, the basic model autonomously compares the output values ​​with the annotation values, continuously fine-tuning the internal computational weights and thresholds to complete the first round of parameter updates. Subsequently, validation set samples are used to batch verify the updated model, identifying computational deviations and optimizing model parameters accordingly. This iterative learning process of input training, parameter correction, and sample verification is repeated. Finally, test set samples are used to perform final performance verification on the optimized model. When the error between the model's output coagulation degree value and the manually annotated value remains stably within a specified range, and it adapts to all working condition sample data, a ready-to-use preset coagulation degree calculation model is obtained.

[0062] The degree of coagulation is used to characterize the sufficiency of floc formation and the coagulation effect. The sufficiency of floc formation refers to the completeness of the aggregates and growth of tiny suspended particles and oil droplets in the mixture into visible flocs under the action of coagulants. Specifically, it is reflected in whether the number of flocs is sufficient, whether the average particle size is large enough, and whether the shape is dense and not loose. The coagulation effect refers to the purification quality of the supernatant obtained after air flotation separation following coagulation, mainly reflecting the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids, as well as the separation speed. The degree of coagulation is a quantitative value between 0 and 1. A higher value indicates a larger proportion of the area occupied by flocs in the acquired floc image, clearer boundaries, and a more concentrated particle size distribution. Combined with the deviation of multiple water quality parameters such as pH, conductivity, and turbidity, it collectively maps whether the flocs have grown to an ideal state for easy air flotation removal at the current dosage, thus using a single number to simultaneously indicate the sufficiency of floc growth and the expected purification effect.

[0063] The control unit is also used to adjust the dosage of coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixed liquid is separated by air flotation.

[0064] Specifically, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control loop can be embedded within the control unit. The input of this loop receives the difference between the currently calculated coagulation degree and a preset target value, such as 0.75. The output is connected to the frequency converter of the dosing pump in the preset coagulation reactor via an analog signal line. When the coagulation degree is lower than the target value, the control unit proportionally increases the frequency converter frequency, increasing the dosing pump speed to increase the dosage of coagulant. When the coagulation degree is higher than the target value, the control unit decreases the frequency converter frequency, reducing the dosage. The control unit can recalculate the coagulation degree and adjust the dosage every two minutes, forming a closed-loop regulation. This closed-loop regulation mechanism ensures that the flocs in the mixed liquor are always in a suitable growth state for air flotation separation, improving the removal efficiency of petroleum and suspended solids concentrations in the final effluent, thereby ensuring that the petroleum and suspended solids concentrations in the supernatant after air flotation separation are consistently below the emission limits.

[0065] Petroleum industry wastewater treatment systems can be applied to produced water treatment stations at crude oil extraction sites, production wastewater treatment workshops in refineries, comprehensive wastewater treatment facilities in petrochemical enterprises, and emergency treatment devices for oilfield fracturing flowback fluid. The quality of petroleum industry wastewater fluctuates with the extraction cycle, crude oil type, and production process. Traditional coagulation-flotation processes, relying on manual experience or fixed dosages, are ill-suited to these dynamic changes, leading to insufficient floc formation or excessive reagent dosage. This often results in excessive concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids in the effluent, causing reagent waste and low treatment efficiency. By real-time acquisition of floc images and water quality parameters during the coagulation process, along with quantitative calculations of the coagulation degree, petroleum industry wastewater treatment systems can automatically and accurately adjust the coagulant dosage, ensuring that the supernatant after flotation separation consistently meets standards. This improves the adaptability of the wastewater treatment system to different water qualities and enhances its overall treatment efficiency.

[0066] This embodiment provides a treatment system for petroleum industrial wastewater. By setting up an observation tank, it acquires real-time images of flocs and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture during the coagulation process. A preset coagulation degree calculation model is used to quantify these parameters into a coagulation degree characterizing the floc formation state. Based on this coagulation degree, the dosage of coagulant is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids in the final effluent meets preset standards. The system can sense changes in the water quality of petroleum industrial wastewater and adjust the dosage of coagulant accordingly. This changes the extensive mode of adjustment that relies on experience or a single water quality parameter in existing technologies. It avoids fluctuations in treatment effect caused by untimely adjustments after water quality changes, as well as waste of chemicals due to a lack of basis for dosage. This effectively solves the technical problem of low treatment efficiency caused by the inability to adapt to water quality fluctuations in existing technologies.

[0067] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system also includes a sampling module, which comprises a sampling component, a flow stabilizing component, and a stirring component. The sampling component is connected to a pre-set coagulation reactor and an observation tank pipeline, respectively. Both the sampling component and the stirring component are communicatively connected to the control unit, and the flow stabilizing component is connected to the sampling component and the observation tank pipeline, respectively.

[0068] Specifically, the sampling component could be a high-pressure water pump. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ,like Figure 2As shown, the inlet of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the outlet of the pre-set coagulation reactor through a rigid water supply pipe, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the observation tank through the same rigid water supply pipe. The flow stabilization component can be a porous diffuser plate fixed inside the observation tank. The mixed liquid delivered by the high-pressure water pump enters the porous diffuser plate after passing through the inlet of the observation tank. When the mixed liquid flows through the porous diffuser plate, it passes through the dense holes on the plate. The originally concentrated and fast-flowing directional jet is fully diverted and buffered, gradually transforming into a slow flow state that diffuses evenly to the sides of the tank. The stirring component can include a motor and a blade. The motor and the control unit are communicatively connected. The control unit drives the blade to rotate through the motor. This configuration is used to smoothly and without impact transfer the mixed liquid in the pre-set coagulation reactor to the observation tank, and to prevent the flocs in the mixed liquid from being broken by the high-speed water flow during sampling. At the same time, stirring makes the composition of the mixed liquid in the observation tank uniform, so as to collect representative floc images and water quality parameters later.

[0069] Optionally, the flow stabilizing component adopts a porous diffuser plate structure. The mixed liquid forms a diffused flow after passing through the uniform holes of the porous diffuser plate. The porosity of the porous diffuser plate can be 50%, and the pore size range is 1–3 mm, to ensure that the flow of the mixed liquid is stable and free of air bubbles.

[0070] The control unit is used to control the sampling component to transport the mixture in the preset coagulation reactor to the observation tank through the flow stabilization component. The flow stabilization component is used to change the mixture from directional flow to diffusion flow.

[0071] Specifically, the control unit can be connected to the start relay inside the high-pressure water pump via a digital output port. When the control unit outputs a high-level signal, the relay closes, energizing the high-pressure water pump to pump the mixture from the pre-set coagulation reactor into the rigid water supply pipeline. After entering the observation tank through the pipeline, the mixture first impacts a porous diffuser plate. The high-speed jet, originally concentrated in one direction, is dispersed into multiple small streams by the porous plate. It then diffuses further through the buffer chamber behind the porous plate, eventually transforming into a large-scale, low-speed diffused flow that evenly covers the bottom of the observation tank. This design is used to prevent the directional high-speed jet from directly impacting the existing liquid in the observation tank and breaking up the flocs, while ensuring that the mixture can be quickly and evenly distributed throughout the entire observation tank, so that the subsequently acquired images and water quality parameters can truly reflect the overall state of the coagulation reaction.

[0072] The control unit is also used to control the stirring assembly to stir the mixture in the observation tank when the mixture begins to be injected into the observation tank.

[0073] Specifically, a flow switch can be installed on the inlet pipe of the observation tank. The signal line of this flow switch is connected to the digital input terminal of the control unit. When the mixture begins to flow into the observation tank, the flow in the pipe activates the flow switch, sending a high-level signal to the control unit. Upon receiving this signal, the control unit immediately closes the power supply circuit of the stirring assembly's motor via a DC relay. The motor drives the impeller to rotate continuously at 60 rpm. This setup is designed to start stirring as soon as the mixture enters the observation tank, preventing floc stratification or localized overconcentration from affecting the accuracy of subsequent image acquisition and water quality parameters. The motor-driven impeller of the stirring assembly rotates continuously at 60 rpm, preventing oil emulsification or floc breakage in high-oil-content wastewater through gentle circulation. This rotation speed can be optimized based on laboratory simulation conditions to ensure uniform mixture composition while maintaining the integrity of the floc structure.

[0074] The observation tank is equipped with a stirring component to continuously agitate the water entering the tank, preventing floc settling or localized aggregation during observation and ensuring uniform distribution of flocs within the observation area. The stirring component can employ a low-shear mixing structure, controlling the stirring speed and flow pattern to create a gentle, circulating flow, achieving uniform dispersion while preventing floc breakage. The stirring component can be located on the side or bottom of the observation tank and used in conjunction with a flow stabilization device to maintain a stable and repeatable flow pattern while eliminating inlet disturbance. The stirring component can employ one or more of the following structures: porous diffuser plates, honeycomb rectifying structures, perforated baffles, or combined guide plates, creating a stable, low-disturbance flow pattern in the water entering the observation tank. This reduces air bubble entrainment and floc breakage. By incorporating the stirring component, damage to the floc structure and image fluctuations caused by water flow impact can be effectively avoided, improving the consistency and repeatability of the fluid state within the observation area, thereby enhancing image acquisition quality and the accuracy of subsequent identification results.

[0075] The flow stabilization component uses a porous diffuser plate structure to convert directional flow into diffused flow. The mixed liquor is uniformly dispersed after passing through the porous plate, avoiding the impact and damage of flocs by high-speed water flow. The stirring component maintains the uniformity of the mixed liquor composition by rotating at a low speed (e.g., 60 rpm), preventing floc sedimentation or excessively high local concentrations, and ensuring the representativeness of image acquisition and water quality parameters.

[0076] The technical effect of this solution in this embodiment is as follows: By adding a sampling module including a sampling component, a flow stabilization component, and a stirring component, the flow stabilization component transforms the high-speed directional flow into a uniform diffusion flow during the process of transporting the mixed liquid from the preset coagulation reactor to the observation tank. This effectively eliminates the damage to the floc structure caused by turbulence, bubbles, and water flow impact. At the same time, the stirring component is controlled to stir the mixed liquid during injection, preventing the flocs from settling or locally agglomerating during the observation period. This ensures the uniformity of floc distribution and the stability of the flow state in the observation tank, providing low-disturbance and repeatable standard observation conditions for subsequent image acquisition. This solves the technical problems in the prior art where the flow state is unstable, bubble interference is obvious, and floc settling causes large fluctuations in image features, leading to distorted detection results when directly photographing flowing pipes or open water bodies.

[0077] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system also includes an image acquisition unit, which is communicatively connected to a control unit. The control unit controls the image acquisition unit to acquire images of flocs when the mixing assembly is stirring the mixture.

[0078] Specifically, an industrial camera can be installed on the side of the water tank as an image acquisition unit. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the trigger line of the industrial camera is connected to a digital output port of the control unit. After starting the motor of the stirring component, the control unit delays for 2 seconds to allow the mixture flow to stabilize. Then, it outputs a pulse signal through this port to trigger the industrial camera to continuously capture multiple images. Simultaneously, the control unit illuminates an LED light source mounted on the side of the observation tank. The light source's illumination angle is 30 degrees to the normal of the transparent observation window to avoid direct light reflection into the industrial camera lens, reducing bright interference areas in the image. This design results in floc images with higher contrast and clarity, providing more accurate morphological feature input for subsequent coagulation degree calculation models, thereby improving the reliability of coagulation degree evaluation.

[0079] The image acquisition unit includes a light source, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. The light source is used to provide illumination when the image acquisition unit acquires images of the flocs.

[0080] Specifically, a strip LED light source can be installed on the side of the observation tank. The control line of the LED light source is connected to a digital output port of the control unit. 0.1 seconds before the industrial camera is triggered to acquire the floc image, the control unit outputs a high level through this port to light up the LED light source, and then turns off the light source 0.5 seconds after the camera finishes capturing the image. This setting is used to provide uniform and stable front illumination for the mixed liquid in the observation tank at the moment of image acquisition, avoiding blurry floc edges and insufficient contrast due to changes in ambient light or shadows, thereby obtaining a clear image of the floc shape and size.

[0081] Optionally, the image acquisition unit may include an industrial camera, a camera mount, a light source, and a data transmission system. The industrial camera may be a high-resolution area array industrial camera, such as a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor, with a resolution of not less than 1920×1080, or 2448×2048 or higher, and a pixel size of 2.4. ~3.45 The frame rate is 25-60fps, and the camera interface can be GigE or USB 3.0 to meet the needs of long-distance stable transmission or high-speed data acquisition.

[0082] The camera lens can be a fixed-focus industrial lens with a focal length of 8mm to 16mm and an aperture range of F1.4 to F8. It can be matched according to the size of the observation window and the installation distance to ensure that the imaging field of view covers an observation area of ​​10cm×20cm and has good sharpness and distortion control.

[0083] The camera bracket can be a rigid structure bracket, made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel, with multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capabilities, allowing for fine adjustments in front and back, up and down, and angle, and has a locking structure to ensure that the camera position remains stable and does not shift during long-term operation.

[0084] The light source can be a high-stability LED light source, including a backlight or a surface light source, with a color temperature of 5000K to 6500K and an illuminance range of 3000lx to 10000lx. A constant current drive power supply can be configured to reduce the impact of light intensity fluctuations on image acquisition. The light source can be a parallel backlight structure or a side strip light source to enhance the contrast of the floc contour.

[0085] The data transmission system can include industrial communication interfaces and data cables, which can adopt GigE network ports or USB 3.0 interfaces, and be equipped with shielded network cables or industrial-grade data cables to ensure the stability and anti-interference capability of data transmission. It can also be configured with image acquisition cards or edge computing units to realize real-time image caching and preprocessing.

[0086] The technical effect of this solution in this embodiment is as follows: by setting up an image acquisition unit and its matching light source, and limiting the control unit to control the image acquisition unit to acquire floc images when the stirring component stirs the mixture, and at the same time providing stable illumination by the light source, the continuous disturbance during the stirring process ensures that the flocs are evenly distributed and in a dynamic suspension state in the observation tank. At this time, the acquired image can truly reflect the actual shape and spatial distribution characteristics of the flocs. The introduction of the light source eliminates the interference of changes in ambient light on the imaging quality, provides repeatable, high-contrast optical conditions, improves the clarity and consistency of the image, and solves the technical problems of large fluctuations in image data caused by unstable lighting conditions, lack of unified optical path control, and unclear acquisition timing in the prior art.

[0087] In one possible design, the wastewater treatment system for the petroleum industry also includes a water quality analysis unit, which is communicatively connected to a control unit and connected to an observation tank pipeline. The control unit is used to control the water quality analysis unit to collect multiple water quality parameters when the mixing assembly is stirring the mixture.

[0088] Specifically Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 ,like Figure 4 As shown, the water quality analysis unit can be installed on the wall of the observation tank and connected to the observation tank via a pipeline. The RS485 serial interface of the water quality analysis unit is directly connected to a serial port of the control unit. After the control unit starts the motor of the stirring component and waits for 3 seconds to allow the flocs and liquid phase in the mixture to be evenly distributed, it sends a collection command to the water quality analysis unit through the serial port. The water quality analysis unit automatically extracts 50 ml of the mixture from the observation tank for testing and transmits the measured pH, conductivity, and turbidity values ​​back to the control unit in the form of digital signals. This setup is used to acquire multiple water quality parameters during the stable period when the mixture is evenly stirred and the flocs have not yet settled, ensuring that the collected pH, conductivity, and turbidity values ​​are consistent with the coagulation state reflected in the floc image at this time, providing accurate data for subsequent model input.

[0089] Parameters such as pH, conductivity, and turbidity collected by the water quality analysis unit, along with floc image features, are input into the coagulation degree calculation model. pH reflects the influence of solution acidity / alkalinity on floc charge stability, conductivity characterizes the regulatory effect of ionic strength on floc aggregation ability, and turbidity directly reflects changes in suspended particle concentration. By integrating multi-dimensional parameters, the model can more comprehensively calculate the coagulation effect, reducing the limitations of relying on a single parameter.

[0090] Optionally, the online water quality analysis unit may include an online turbidimeter and a UV254 online analyzer for real-time monitoring of water quality parameters in the mixed solution. The online turbidimeter detects the suspended particulate matter content in the mixed solution, with a measurement range of 0–1000 NTU, a resolution of not less than 0.01 NTU, and a measurement accuracy of ±2% of the reading or ±0.02 NTU (whichever is greater), with a response time of less than 10 seconds to meet rapid feedback requirements. The UV254 online analyzer measures changes in organic matter content in the mixed solution, with a measurement wavelength of 254 nm, a measurement range of 0–500 L / m, a resolution of not less than 0.001 L / m, a measurement error of no more than ±2%, and automatic temperature compensation and light source intensity calibration functions. The online water quality analysis unit may also include a pH meter (measurement range 0–14, accuracy ±0.1) and a conductivity meter (measurement range 0–20000 NTU). And dissolved oxygen meters, etc., to achieve multi-parameter coordinated detection.

[0091] Each water quality instrument in the online water quality analysis unit can connect to the control unit via standard communication interfaces, such as RS485, Modbus, or 4–20mA signals, to achieve real-time data acquisition and transmission. Each instrument can also be equipped with automatic cleaning or anti-fouling structures to reduce the impact of oil and suspended solids on measurement accuracy. Online multi-parameter monitoring provides a basis for verifying image analysis results and reliable data support for subsequent chemical dosing control, thereby improving the overall accuracy and stability of the system's regulation.

[0092] The observation tank is equipped with a transparent observation window. The side of the transparent observation window inside the observation tank is coated with an oil-proof and anti-fouling coating. The control unit is used to control the image acquisition unit to acquire floc images through the transparent observation window when the stirring assembly is stirring the mixture.

[0093] Specifically, a rectangular opening can be made on one side wall of the observation tank. A 5mm thick tempered glass is sealed at the opening as a transparent observation window. A layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) oil- and stain-resistant coating is sprayed on the side of the glass facing the inside of the tank. The control unit is connected to an industrial camera fixed directly opposite the observation window via a signal line. Two seconds after the stirring component is started and running, when the mixture is uniform and the flocs are in a suspended state, the control unit sends a trigger command to the industrial camera. The industrial camera then continuously takes multiple images of the flocs through the transparent observation window. This setup allows the camera to capture images while maintaining high transparency without the adhesion of petroleum substances and suspended matter on the inside of the glass window, thus avoiding image blurring or black spots caused by oil contamination, and obtaining clear and realistic photos of the floc morphology.

[0094] Optionally, the inner wall of the observation tank can be made of an opaque light-absorbing material to absorb stray light and reduce reflection and refraction of light within the tank, thereby reducing background interference and improving image contrast and imaging stability. A transparent observation window, measuring 10cm × 20cm, is provided on one side of the observation tank to offer a stable optical observation channel. This window is made of a material with good light transmittance, such as acrylic or other transparent engineering materials. The inner surface of the window has an oil-resistant and anti-fouling coating to reduce the adhesion of oil and suspended particles, thus mitigating the impact of contamination accumulation on light transmittance and imaging quality. This combination of a light-absorbing inner wall and an anti-fouling observation window effectively suppresses the influence of ambient light interference and interface contamination on image acquisition, improving the consistency and reliability of image data. It is suitable for long-term online observation of wastewater with high oil content and high turbidity.

[0095] Optionally, a polarizing filter can be installed on the side of the transparent observation window outside the water tank to prevent reflections from affecting the industrial camera's capture of floc images. The polarizing filter is fitted tightly to the outside of the transparent observation window to filter water surface reflections, stray light from the light source, and glare from the glass interface. It eliminates large bright spots, halos, and other invalid interference areas in the image. In conjunction with the light-absorbing inner wall of the tank, it can block stray light from the external environment from directly hitting the lens, and also filter out oil stains and liquid surface reflections from the observation window surface. This optimizes the image clarity of the floc edges, prevents strong light from obscuring the outline of small flocs, and ensures that the industrial camera captures the true and accurate image features such as floc particle size and density distribution.

[0096] The technical effect of this solution in this embodiment is as follows: By setting up a water quality analysis unit connected to the observation tank pipeline, and controlling the control unit to collect multiple water quality parameters while the stirring component is stirring the mixture, the acquisition of floc images and water quality data is realized, providing a complete data foundation for subsequent multi-source information fusion and coagulation degree evaluation. At the same time, the observation tank is equipped with a transparent observation window, and its inner surface is coated with an oil-proof and anti-fouling coating. During the stirring process, the control unit controls the image acquisition unit to collect floc images through the observation window. The coating effectively reduces the adhesion of oil and suspended particles on the optical interface, prolongs the cleanliness retention time of the observation window in a high oil content environment, and, together with the uniform dispersion of flocs by the stirring component, ensures that the collected floc images are clear, real, and unobstructed. This solves the technical problems in the prior art of decreased light transmittance of the camera window and image blurring and distortion caused by oil film and suspended particle adhesion, as well as data inconsistency caused by asynchronous acquisition of image and water quality parameters.

[0097] In one possible design, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system also includes a buffer unit, which comprises an intermediate water tank and a reflux pump. The intermediate water tank is equipped with an inlet and a level detection component, and the observation tank is equipped with an outlet. The inlet and outlet are connected by pipelines. The intermediate water tank and the preset coagulation reactor are both connected to the reflux pump pipeline. The inlet, outlet, reflux pump, and level detection component are all communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0098] Specifically Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 5 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the outlet of the observation tank is connected to the inlet of the intermediate tank via a pipeline. A set of float switches is installed inside the intermediate tank as a liquid level detection component. The upper and lower limit contacts of the float switches are connected to the digital input port of the control unit via two signal lines. The intermediate tank is connected to the suction port of the return pump via a pipeline. The discharge port of the return pump is connected back to the inlet pipeline of the preset coagulation reactor via a pipeline. The digital output port of the control unit is connected to the on / off control relays on the outlet of the observation tank and the inlet of the intermediate tank, respectively. This setting is used to temporarily store the mixed liquid after image and water quality acquisition in the intermediate tank. The return pump is started only when the liquid level in the intermediate tank reaches the upper limit to send the mixed liquid back to the coagulation reactor for further processing. When the liquid level drops to the lower limit, the pump is automatically stopped to prevent the return pump from running dry after the intermediate tank is emptied.

[0099] Optionally, when a float switch is used for the level detection component in the intermediate water tank, the signal line of the float switch can be connected to the control unit via an RS485 communication interface. The upper and lower limit contacts of the float switch correspond to high and low liquid level states, respectively. The control unit reads the liquid level signal via the Modbus protocol and controls the start and stop of the reflux pump accordingly. When the liquid level reaches the upper limit, the reflux pump is triggered to start; when the liquid level falls below the lower limit, the reflux pump stops operating. This linkage control mechanism ensures that the liquid level in the intermediate water tank is always within a safe range, preventing damage from the reflux pump running dry, while maintaining the water balance between the observation tank and the coagulation reactor.

[0100] The intermediate water tank is used to temporarily store and buffer the mixture in the observation water tank. It can be made of corrosion-resistant materials such as PE, PP or stainless steel (304 or 316L), and the effective volume can be 20 to 50L to meet the water volume adjustment requirements for continuous sampling and circulation. The intermediate water tank can be equipped with inlet, outlet and overflow ports to ensure stable system operation.

[0101] The reflux pump is connected to the intermediate water tank and is used to return the mixed liquid to the preset coagulation reactor. The reflux pump can be a small flow corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump or diaphragm pump with a flow rate range of 5 to 20 L / min, a head of 5 to 15 m, and a power of 50 to 150 W. The pump body material can be engineering plastic or stainless steel to adapt to long-term operation in oily wastewater environments.

[0102] The level control component detects and regulates the liquid level in the intermediate water tank. It can employ a float level switch or an electrode-type level sensor, and high and low level control points can be set. When the liquid level reaches the upper limit, the return pump is started or opened for discharge; when the liquid level falls below the lower limit, the return pump stops to prevent dry running. The level control component communicates with the control unit, enabling automated adjustment of the circulation process and maintaining a stable water balance during continuous operation. By incorporating a buffer unit, the impact of water volume fluctuations on the observation system can be effectively mitigated, ensuring the continuity and stability of sampling, observation, and return processes, and improving the overall system reliability.

[0103] The control unit is used to control the inlet and outlet to open when the image acquisition unit has acquired the floc image and the water quality analysis unit has acquired multiple water quality parameters, so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the observation tank to the intermediate tank.

[0104] Specifically, a flag register can be set inside the control unit. This register is set to 1 by the control unit after the image acquisition unit completes the shooting and the water quality analysis unit completes the detection and returns the data. The control unit scans the flag every 100 milliseconds. When the flag is 1, a 24V DC high-level signal is sent to the relay installed at the outlet of the observation tank through a digital output port. After the relay is energized, it closes, and the mixed liquid in the observation tank flows into the intermediate tank by its own weight through the pipeline. This setting is used to automatically and promptly empty the mixed liquid in the observation tank after each floc image and water quality parameter acquisition, to prevent the old mixed liquid from accumulating and contaminating the next sampling, and to ensure that the data collected each time comes from the latest mixed liquid introduced from the reactor.

[0105] The control unit is also used to detect the liquid level of the intermediate water tank through the liquid level detection component, and when the liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset upper limit of the liquid level, control the reflux pump to be turned on so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the intermediate water tank to the preset coagulation reactor.

[0106] Specifically, a set of float switches can be installed on the inner wall of the intermediate water tank as a liquid level detection component. The signal line of the upper limit float switch is connected to the digital input port of the control unit. The control unit is set with an upper limit trigger value. When the liquid level of the mixture in the intermediate water tank rises to push up the upper limit float, the switch contacts close. After the control unit detects the high-level signal, it immediately closes the contactor coil of the return pump through another digital output port, so that the return pump motor is energized and runs, pumping the mixture in the intermediate water tank back to the inlet pipe of the preset coagulation reactor. This setting is used to concentrate the return after a sufficient amount of mixture has accumulated in the intermediate water tank, avoiding frequent start and stop of the return pump, and ensuring that the intermediate water tank has sufficient capacity to receive the next batch of mixture after each emptying of the observation water tank.

[0107] The control unit is also used to control the reflux pump to stop conducting when the liquid level is less than or equal to the preset lower limit of the liquid level.

[0108] Specifically, a lower limit float switch can be installed at the lower limit position on the inner wall of the intermediate water tank. The signal line of this switch is connected to the digital input port of the control unit. The control unit internally sets the port to be active low as a stop condition. When the reflux pump is running, the control unit reads the status of the lower limit float switch every 200 milliseconds. If the liquid level in the intermediate water tank drops to the point where the float falls and the switch contacts open, the control unit detects the low-level signal and immediately disconnects the contactor coil of the reflux pump through the digital output port, causing the reflux pump motor to stop running. This setting is used to automatically stop the pump when the mixed liquid in the intermediate water tank is discharged to a low level, preventing the reflux pump from being damaged by dry running or cavitation due to air intake.

[0109] The technical effect of this solution in this embodiment is as follows: By adding a buffer unit including an intermediate water tank, a reflux pump, and a liquid level detection component, and limiting the control unit to automatically open the inlet and outlet after completing image acquisition and water quality parameter acquisition, the mixed liquid in the observation tank is discharged to the intermediate water tank for temporary storage. At the same time, the liquid level detection component monitors the liquid level of the intermediate water tank in real time. When the liquid level reaches the preset upper limit, the reflux pump is controlled to open, and the temporarily stored mixed liquid is discharged back to the preset coagulation reactor. When the liquid level drops to the preset lower limit, the reflux pump is stopped. This realizes the automatic collection, temporary storage, and reflux reuse of water samples after observation, avoiding the waste of resources or the burden of secondary treatment caused by directly discharging the sampled water samples. At the same time, the liquid level linkage control ensures the water balance and stable liquid supply of the system in continuous circulation operation, solving the technical problem in the prior art of lacking an automatic circulation treatment mechanism for water samples after observation, which leads to the increase of wastewater treatment volume or the inability to achieve continuous closed-loop operation due to direct discharge of water samples.

[0110] In one possible design, the wastewater treatment system for the petroleum industry also includes a cleaning unit, which includes a cleaning water pump, a chemical pump, a cleaning water tank, and a chemical tank. The cleaning water tank is connected to the flushing component pipeline on the observation water tank via the cleaning water pump, and the chemical tank is connected to the flushing component pipeline via the chemical pump. Both the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump are communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0111] Specifically Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 6 ,like Figure 6 As shown, a water outlet pipe can be installed on the top of the cleaning water tank. This pipe passes through a cleaning water pump and connects to a rinsing assembly on the top of the observation tank, such as a spray pipe with multiple fan-shaped nozzles. Similarly, a liquid outlet pipe at the bottom of the chemical tank passes through a chemical pump and also connects to the same rinsing assembly. Each of the cleaning and chemical pumps is equipped with an AC contactor, and the coils of the two contactors are connected to two digital output ports of the control unit. This setup allows the control unit to activate the cleaning and chemical pumps after the mixed solution has been discharged, delivering clean water and cleaning agents in a specific ratio to the rinsing assembly. This generates a mixed cleaning solution that automatically rinses the transparent observation window, removing surface oil and flocculent residue.

[0112] The control unit is used to control the activation of the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump after the mixture in the observation water tank has been discharged into the intermediate water tank, so as to deliver the clean water in the cleaning water tank and the cleaning agent in the chemical agent tank to the rinsing assembly. The rinsing assembly is used to clean the transparent observation window with a cleaning solution obtained by mixing clean water and cleaning agent.

[0113] Specifically, a status flag can be set inside the control unit. When the control unit confirms that the solenoid valve at the outlet of the observation water tank is closed and the liquid level in the intermediate water tank is no longer changing, the flag is set to 1. After the control unit detects that the flag is 1, it outputs a high level to the AC contactor coils of the cleaning water pump and the chemical water pump through two digital output ports, respectively, so that the two pumps start running simultaneously. The cleaning water pump draws clean water from the cleaning water tank, and the chemical water pump draws special cleaning agent from the chemical tank, such as a 0.5% concentration nonionic surfactant solution. The two are mixed at the pipe junction and then enter the spray pipe installed on the top of the observation water tank. Multiple fan-shaped nozzles on the spray pipe spray the mixed cleaning solution onto the inner surface of the transparent observation window in a scattering manner, continuously rinsing for 20 seconds. This setting is used to automatically perform directional rinsing of the transparent observation window after the mixed solution is drained, thoroughly removing residual oil film and adhering flocs from the glass surface, ensuring a clear and unobstructed view when acquiring images next time.

[0114] The control unit is also used to stop the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump when the rinsing assembly has been cleaning the transparent observation window for a preset time, and to control the inlet and outlet to discharge the cleaning fluid in the observation tank to the intermediate tank.

[0115] Specifically, a timer can be set inside the control unit. This timer starts timing simultaneously with the control unit turning on the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump, with a preset duration of 30 seconds. After the timer expires, the control unit disconnects the AC contactor coils of the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump through two digital output ports, causing both pumps to stop running. Subsequently, the control unit closes the relay at the outlet of the observation tank through a digital output port. Under the action of gravity, the cleaning fluid is discharged from the outlet through the pipeline to the intermediate water tank. After all the cleaning fluid has drained, the control unit closes the relay at the outlet of the observation tank, and the intermediate water tank discharges the cleaning fluid to the preset coagulation reactor. This setting is used to automatically stop the water and chemical supply and empty the observation tank after each cleaning operation, preventing cleaning fluid residue from interfering with the sampling and testing of the next mixture.

[0116] Optionally, the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump can be small stainless steel high-pressure pumps with a working pressure of 0.3–1.0 MPa and a rated flow rate of 5–20 L / min, possessing good corrosion resistance and continuous operation capability. The cleaning water tank is connected to the flushing assembly pipeline on the observation water tank via the cleaning water pump, and the chemical tank is connected to the flushing assembly pipeline via the chemical pump. The connecting pipelines can be made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as PVC, PE, or stainless steel). The flushing assembly can be a nozzle or spray head, with the nozzle type being a fan-shaped or conical spray structure and a spray angle of 30°–90°, used for covering and flushing the surface of the observation window and the sensor probe. The cleaning water tank is used to store cleaning water, with a volume of 20–50 L, and is equipped with a liquid level detection device. The chemical tank is used to store cleaning agents (such as weak alkaline or surfactant solutions), with a volume of 5–20 L, to enhance the degreasing and decontamination effects. A height difference can be established between the observation tank and the intermediate tank, for example, the observation tank is located above and the intermediate tank is located below, using gravity to discharge the cleaning solution through the pipeline to the intermediate tank. If the height difference is insufficient in the actual installation, a small gravity auxiliary pump can be added to ensure the efficiency of cleaning solution discharge.

[0117] Optionally, the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump draw liquid from the cleaning water tank and the chemical tank respectively, and mix the clean water and cleaning agent at a 1:1 volume ratio at the rinsing assembly before subsequent cleaning operations. The mixing ratio can be adjusted by the control unit to regulate the running time of the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump. The control unit can control the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump by setting a solenoid valve or a metering pump to control the switching or proportional addition of clean water and chemical, and can automatically trigger the cleaning process according to a set time interval or the degree of contamination of the transparent observation window. By setting up a cleaning unit, the measurement error caused by oil adhesion and sensor contamination can be effectively reduced, improving the long-term stability and reliability of the system. The inner surface of the transparent observation window can also be coated with a diffuse coating to further reduce the impact of light reflection on image quality.

[0118] The technical effect of this solution in this embodiment is as follows: By adding a cleaning unit including a cleaning water pump, a chemical pump, a cleaning water tank, and a chemical tank, and limiting the control unit to automatically control the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump to connect after the mixed liquid in the observation water tank is discharged to the intermediate water tank, the clean water and cleaning agent are mixed and delivered to the rinsing component to clean the transparent observation window at set intervals. After the cleaning time reaches the preset duration, it automatically stops and discharges the cleaning liquid to the intermediate water tank. This automatic cleaning mechanism can promptly remove the oil film, suspended matter, and chemical residues attached to the surface of the observation window after each observation cycle, effectively restoring the light transmittance of the optical interface and ensuring the clarity and consistency of image acquisition in subsequent cycles. The introduction of cleaning agents enhances the degreasing and decontamination effect, extends the continuous operation time of the equipment in harsh oily environments, reduces the frequency and cost of manual maintenance, and solves the technical problem in the prior art that the lack of an automatic cleaning and maintenance mechanism for the optical interface leads to a decrease in light transmittance, image quality degradation, and difficulty in meeting the needs of long-term online detection after a period of operation.

[0119] This application also provides a method for treating petroleum industry wastewater. Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for treating petroleum industry wastewater provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the methods for treating petroleum industry wastewater include:

[0120] S701, In response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank, the floc image and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid are obtained; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate the preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid.

[0121] Specifically, the control unit can read the digital input signal of the flow switch installed on the inlet pipe of the observation tank. When the mixed liquid begins to be injected into the observation tank and the flow switch contacts close, the control unit immediately sends a trigger pulse to the industrial camera to capture the floc image, and at the same time sends a collection command to the online multi-parameter water quality analyzer to read multiple water quality parameters such as pH value, conductivity and turbidity value. This setting is used to ensure that the floc morphology and water quality data are acquired synchronously at the first moment of mixed liquid injection, and to avoid the distortion of the collection results due to floc sedimentation or concentration changes caused by delay.

[0122] S702. Input the floc image and multiple water quality parameters into the preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixed liquor; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixed liquor.

[0123] Specifically, the floc image can be scaled, grayscaled, and median filtered by the embedded image processing library called by the control unit. Then, the average diameter and roundness of the flocs are extracted by the edge detection algorithm. These two image features are then combined with five values, including pH, conductivity, and turbidity, into a one-dimensional input array. Finally, this array is sent to a neural network model pre-stored inside the control unit. After one forward calculation, the model outputs a value between 0 and 1 as the degree of coagulation. This setting is used to convert the visually observed floc size and shape, as well as the chemical and physical properties of the liquid, into a single number, so as to directly determine whether the flocs in the current mixture have grown sufficiently and whether the coagulation reaction has been completed.

[0124] S703. Adjust the dosage of coagulant in the pre-set coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the pre-set coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixed liquid is separated by air flotation.

[0125] Specifically, the coagulation degree can be compared with a preset target coagulation degree value, such as 0.75. When the coagulation degree is below 0.75, the control unit sends a 4-20mA current signal to the frequency converter of the dosing pump through its analog output port. The signal value is proportional to the deviation. The frequency converter increases the speed of the dosing pump accordingly, increasing the dosage of coagulant by 5% per minute. When the coagulation degree is above 0.75, the control unit reduces the output current by the same proportion, reduces the speed of the dosing pump, and reduces the dosage. The control unit repeats the comparison and adjustment every two minutes until the coagulation degree stabilizes near the target value. This setting is used to ensure that the flocs in the mixture are always in a suitable growth state, thereby ensuring that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the supernatant after air flotation separation is lower than the emission standards.

[0126] This embodiment provides a method for treating petroleum industrial wastewater. By setting up an observation tank to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid in real time during the coagulation process, and using a preset coagulation degree calculation model to quantify them into a coagulation degree characterizing the floc formation state, the dosage of coagulant is dynamically adjusted according to the coagulation degree, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent meets the preset standards. The system can sense changes in the water quality of petroleum industrial wastewater and adjust the dosage of coagulant in a timely manner accordingly. This changes the extensive mode of adjustment that relies on experience or a single water quality parameter in the prior art, avoids fluctuations in treatment effect caused by untimely adjustment after water quality changes, and avoids waste of reagents due to lack of basis for reagent addition. It effectively solves the technical problem of low treatment efficiency caused by difficulty in adapting to water quality fluctuations in the prior art.

[0127] In one possible design, the control unit can adjust the volume of mixed solution sampled by the sampling component and the time interval between two samplings based on changes in the water quality of the petroleum industry wastewater. For example, when there are significant fluctuations in the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons or suspended solids in the influent, the control unit increases the sampling volume by extending the operating time of the high-pressure water pump and increases the sampling frequency from once every 10 minutes to once every 5 minutes, ensuring that the observation tank obtains sufficient and representative mixed solution for floc imaging and water quality parameter acquisition. When the water quality tends to stabilize, the control unit shortens the operating time of the high-pressure water pump to reduce the sampling volume and decrease the sampling frequency to reduce system power consumption and disturbance to the reactor. This adjustable sampling method allows the treatment system to maintain an appropriate observation density and sample volume under different water quality fluctuation conditions, thereby accurately capturing the true state of the coagulation reaction.

[0128] Optionally, the control unit can be a programmable logic controller (PLC) for coordinated control of the metering pump, mixing components, reflux pump, valves, and various online instruments. The control unit can perform periodic cyclical operation of the process according to a preset program, with a cycle time of 10–30 minutes. It also supports intermittent operation or dynamic adjustment of the operating cycle based on site conditions to adapt to fluctuations in water quality and changes in treatment requirements. The control unit achieves coordinated control of each unit device through digital / analog interfaces or communication protocols (such as Modbus and PROFIBUS).

[0129] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a petroleum industry wastewater treatment device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the petroleum industry wastewater treatment device includes:

[0130] The acquisition module 801 is used to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture in response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate the preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid.

[0131] The input module 802 is used to input floc images and multiple water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixed liquor; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixed liquor.

[0132] The adjustment module 803 is used to adjust the dosage of coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixed liquid is separated by air flotation.

[0133] The petroleum industry wastewater treatment device provided in this embodiment can perform... Figure 7 The technical solution of an embodiment of a method for treating petroleum industry wastewater, as shown, has the same implementation principle and technical effect as... Figure 7 The embodiment of the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater shown is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0134] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device 90 includes at least one processor 901 and a memory 902. The electronic device 90 also includes a communication component 903. The processor 901, memory 902, and communication component 903 are connected via a bus 904.

[0135] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 901 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 902, causing at least one processor 901 to implement a method for treating petroleum industrial wastewater according to the above embodiment.

[0136] The specific implementation process of processor 901 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0137] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor 901 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0138] The memory 902 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.

[0139] Bus 904 can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 904 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, the bus 904 in the accompanying drawings of this application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0140] The above description of the functions implemented by electronic devices and main control devices has introduced the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that, in order to implement the above functions, the electronic device or main control device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. By combining the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0141] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When executed by a processor, these instructions are used to implement a method for treating petroleum industrial wastewater as described in the above embodiments. In the specific implementation of the aforementioned method for treating petroleum industrial wastewater, each module can be implemented as a processor.

[0142] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0143] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in an electronic device or a host device.

[0144] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement a method for treating petroleum industrial wastewater as described in the above embodiments.

[0145] The computer program is stored in a readable storage medium, and at least one processor can read the computer program from the readable storage medium and execute the computer program to perform the scheme provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0147] The technical solutions of this application have been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A system for treating wastewater from the petroleum industry, characterized in that, It includes a control unit and an observation tank. The control unit is communicatively connected to a preset coagulation reactor, and the observation tank is connected to the pipeline of the preset coagulation reactor. The control unit is used to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture in response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid; The control unit is further configured to input the floc image and the plurality of water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixture; The control unit is also used to adjust the dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

2. The petroleum industry wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sampling module, which includes a sampling component, a flow stabilizing component, and a stirring component. The sampling component is connected to the pipelines of the preset coagulation reactor and the observation tank, respectively. The sampling component and the stirring component are both communicatively connected to the control unit. The flow stabilizing component is connected to the pipelines of the sampling component and the observation tank, respectively. The control unit is used to control the sampling component to transport the mixed liquid in the preset coagulation reactor to the observation tank through the flow stabilization component, and the flow stabilization component is used to change the mixed liquid from directional flow to diffusion flow; The control unit is further configured to control the stirring assembly to stir the mixture in the observation tank when the mixture begins to be injected into the observation tank.

3. The petroleum industry wastewater treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an image acquisition unit, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the image acquisition unit to acquire images of the flocs when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture. The image acquisition unit includes a light source, which is communicatively connected to the control unit. The light source is used to provide illumination when the image acquisition unit acquires the floc image.

4. The petroleum industry wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a water quality analysis unit, which is communicatively connected to the control unit and connected to the observation tank pipeline. The control unit is used to control the water quality analysis unit to collect the multiple water quality parameters when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture. The observation tank is equipped with a transparent observation window, and the transparent observation window has an oil-proof and stain-proof coating on its inner side. The control unit is used to control the image acquisition unit to acquire images of the flocs through the transparent observation window when the stirring assembly stirs the mixture.

5. The petroleum industry wastewater treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer unit, which includes an intermediate water tank and a reflux pump. The intermediate water tank is equipped with an inlet and a liquid level detection component, and the observation water tank is equipped with an outlet. The inlet and the outlet are connected by pipelines. The intermediate water tank and the preset coagulation reactor are both connected to the reflux pump pipeline. The inlet, the outlet, the reflux pump, and the liquid level detection component are all communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the inlet and outlet to open when the image acquisition unit has acquired the floc image and the water quality analysis unit has acquired the multiple water quality parameters, so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the observation tank to the intermediate tank. The control unit is also used to detect the liquid level of the intermediate water tank through the liquid level detection component, and when the liquid level is greater than or equal to the preset upper limit of the liquid level, control the reflux pump to be turned on so as to discharge the mixed liquid in the intermediate water tank to the preset coagulation reactor. The control unit is also used to control the reflux pump to stop conducting when the liquid level is less than or equal to a preset lower limit.

6. The petroleum industry wastewater treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a cleaning unit, which includes a cleaning water pump, a chemical water pump, a cleaning water tank, and a chemical tank. The cleaning water tank is connected to the flushing component pipeline on the observation water tank through the cleaning water pump. The chemical tank is connected to the flushing component pipeline through the chemical water pump. Both the cleaning water pump and the chemical water pump are communicatively connected to the control unit. The control unit is configured to, after the mixture in the observation tank has been discharged into the intermediate tank, control the cleaning water pump and the chemical pump to be turned on, so as to deliver the clean water in the cleaning water tank and the cleaning agent in the chemical agent tank to the rinsing assembly, the rinsing assembly being used to clean the transparent observation window with a cleaning solution obtained by mixing the clean water and the cleaning agent; The control unit is further configured to, when the time for the rinsing assembly to clean the transparent observation window reaches a preset duration, control the cleaning water pump and the chemical water pump to stop conducting, and control the inlet and the outlet to conduct, so as to discharge the cleaning liquid in the observation water tank to the intermediate water tank.

7. A method for treating petroleum industry wastewater, characterized in that, The method is applied to a control unit in a petroleum industry wastewater treatment system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: In response to the injection of the mixed liquid from the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank, floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixed liquid are acquired; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid; The floc image and the multiple water quality parameters are input into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and the coagulation effect in the mixture. The dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor is adjusted according to the degree of coagulation so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

8. A device for treating wastewater from the petroleum industry, characterized in that, The device is located in the control unit of the petroleum industry wastewater treatment system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the device comprises: The acquisition module is used to acquire floc images and multiple water quality parameters of the mixture in response to the start of injection of the mixed liquid from the preset coagulation reactor into the observation tank; wherein, the preset coagulation reactor is used to coagulate preset petroleum industrial wastewater and coagulant to obtain the mixed liquid; The input module is used to input the floc image and the multiple water quality parameters into a preset coagulation degree calculation model to obtain the coagulation degree of the mixture; wherein, the coagulation degree is used to represent the sufficiency of floc formation and coagulation effect in the mixture; An adjustment module is used to adjust the dosage of the coagulant in the preset coagulation reactor according to the degree of coagulation, so that the concentration of petroleum and suspended solids in the final effluent of the preset coagulation reactor meets the preset standards. The final effluent refers to the supernatant obtained after the mixture is separated by air flotation.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater as described in claim 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the method for treating petroleum industry wastewater as described in claim 7.

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