A road and bridge runoff treatment method and system combining rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of road and bridge runoff treatment method and system of rainwater treatment and dangerous chemical interception, belong to public path flow processing technical field;System includes sedimentation tank, clean water pool, accident pool, control mechanism, monitoring mechanism and main pipe line, the main pipe line is connected with road and bridge drainage ditch or drain pipe, the sedimentation tank, clean water pool, accident pool are respectively all provided with water inlet pipeline and external discharge pipeline, the water inlet pipeline is connected with main pipe line, the water inlet pipeline and external discharge pipeline are respectively all provided with manual valve and electric valve, the sedimentation tank, clean water pool, accident pool are also respectively provided with liquid level meter, the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor main pipe line inflow parameter and road and bridge dangerous chemical vehicle state, the control mechanism is respectively electrically connected or signal connection with electric valve, monitoring mechanism and liquid level meter;The application can effectively precipitate initial rainwater, and can store dangerous chemical leaked by dangerous chemical transport vehicle under accident state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and system for treating road and bridge runoff, and more particularly to a method and system for treating road and bridge runoff that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception, belonging to the field of road runoff treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] During highway operation, especially on expressways, road and bridge runoff generates pollution. The main pollutants are debris from road and bridge surfaces, particulate matter from vehicle exhaust, fuel leaks, and tire wear. These pollutants are washed into surrounding farmland, ditches, and pastures by rainfall, polluting some water bodies near the highway and causing a decline in the water quality of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Once this damage and pollution to water resources along highways occurs, it is difficult to restore. Typically, from the initial stage of rainfall until stable runoff forms, the concentration of suspended solids and oils in rainwater is relatively high, subsequently decreasing rapidly as the rainfall duration increases. After a rainfall thickness of 7-15 mm, the road and bridge surfaces are largely washed clean, and the concentration of pollutants in the road and bridge runoff stabilizes at a relatively low level. According to relevant laws and regulations, road and bridge runoff from highways and bridges crossing water environment sensitive areas must be treated and discharged in compliance with standards.

[0003] Currently, the most common technology for treating road and bridge runoff is the use of grease traps to collect and treat bridge runoff. The design of these grease traps is primarily based on fulfilling basic functions, fully considering six key aspects: water inflow, energy dissipation, oil separation, sedimentation, adsorption, and drainage. The traps are divided into three spaces, forming a three-stage sedimentation tank. These three stages consist of an energy dissipation tank, a sedimentation tank, and a clear water tank, separated by partition walls. Rainwater from the bridge surface continuously overflows into the second and third stages. When the second and third stages are full, the runoff is directly discharged through the horizontal flow layer formed by the guide holes. After a period of sedimentation, the water in the first, second, and third stages is discharged into the empty tanks through the lower drainage holes. The advantages of this technology are its simple structure, ease of operation, and automatic runoff overflow, eliminating the need for personnel on-site supervision. Only periodic emptying and maintenance are required, achieving significant treatment results with relatively small investment. However, due to its simple structure, its effectiveness in treating initial runoff is generally limited.

[0004] Furthermore, the greater danger after highways, especially expressways, are put into operation is hazardous chemical accidents. Although hazardous chemical accidents are sporadic, the hazardous liquids produced by such accidents can flow into the surrounding environment through the drainage system, causing serious damage to surrounding water bodies, soil, and the atmosphere. Moreover, the treatment and disposal of hazardous chemicals is technically very difficult and extremely expensive. Especially in water source protection areas, if hazardous chemical liquids flow into the area, it will cause severe water supply difficulties. Therefore, expressways should focus on preventing the spread of liquid hazardous chemicals, as well as water-soluble solid and gaseous hazardous chemicals. According to the two national standards GB13690-2009 "Classification and Marking of Commonly Used Hazardous Chemicals" and GB6944-2005 "Classification and Numbering of Dangerous Goods," chemicals are classified into eight major categories according to their hazard, totaling tens of thousands of types. However, the existing road surface and bridge runoff treatment sedimentation tanks have very weak or even no emergency response capabilities for hazardous chemical accidents.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of traditional road and bridge runoff treatment technologies, this invention presents a road and bridge runoff treatment method and system that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing road and bridge runoff treatment technologies generally have poor treatment effects on initial runoff and are ineffective in handling hazardous chemical accidents.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a road and bridge runoff treatment method that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception, comprising the following steps: S1. System Construction and Initialization: Set up a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, and an emergency tank, which are respectively connected to the road and bridge drainage ditch or drainage pipe. Only one of the three tanks has its inlet pipe connected at any given time. The clear water tank is divided into at least three compartments by at least two partitions. The partitions are provided with water passages, and the water passages on adjacent partitions are staggered vertically. In the initial state, the inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is opened, and the outflow pipes of each tank, as well as the inlet pipes of the clear water tank and the emergency tank, are closed. S2. Road and bridge runoff monitoring: Monitor road and bridge runoff conditions to determine whether it is a normal rainfall state or an accident state; S3. Normal rainfall state treatment mode: When the road and bridge runoff is ordinary rainwater, the road and bridge runoff enters the sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, and the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank are used alternately for rainwater clean and dirty diversion treatment and recycling. S4. Accident Status Handling Mode: When the road and bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, close the inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank and open the inlet pipe of the accident pool. At the same time, empty the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool. After the accident pool is full, activate the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool in sequence to provide temporary storage space for subsequent accident waste liquid. S5. Conditional cleaning and reserve capacity control: Real-time monitoring of sedimentation tank and clear water tank level data, sedimentation tank inlet pipe opening duration and inlet flow rate, and emptying operation of sedimentation tank and clear water tank to achieve dynamic reserve capacity. S6. Passive Interception under Extreme Conditions: In extreme conditions such as missed accident reporting, failure to trigger the interception in the accident pool, and closure or fullness of the sedimentation tank inlet pipe, the hydraulic residence time of the tortuous flow channel in the clear water pool is used to extend the emergency response time for the accident; and physical interception is carried out for liquid hazardous chemicals that are immiscible with water, with hazardous chemicals with a density greater than that of water settling and being intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and hazardous chemicals with a density less than that of water floating and being intercepted at the surface of the water.

[0008] By constructing a collaborative system of "sedimentation tank-clear water tank-emergency tank" and a six-step processing logic, the system achieves intelligent switching between two modes: "normal rainwater resource utilization" and "emergency interception of hazardous chemical accidents" for road and bridge runoff. The alternating operation mechanism of S3 and S4 avoids resource waste or insufficient emergency capacity under single operating conditions; S5 achieves dynamic cleaning and backup capacity through real-time liquid level, flow rate and time linkage control, ensuring long-term system operation; S6, in extreme operating conditions of monitoring missed reports or active interception failure, utilizes the tortuous flow channel of the clear water tank to extend the hydraulic residence time, gaining a critical window for emergency response, and at the same time, relies on the principle of gravity sedimentation and buoyancy to achieve passive physical interception of immiscible liquid hazardous chemicals, greatly improving the system's fault tolerance, safety and environmental reliability.

[0009] Furthermore, in S2, the road and bridge runoff monitoring includes automatic online water quality monitoring and hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring. Automatic online water quality monitoring determines whether a hazardous chemical accident is occurring by monitoring parameters of the incoming water, including water temperature, pH value, conductivity, and turbidity. Hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring monitors hazardous chemical vehicles passing over roads and bridges using monitoring equipment. When a hazardous chemical vehicle passes over a road or bridge, it is automatically captured and identified, and its location is determined based on its speed. The monitoring equipment includes at least one of radar, camera, and integrated radar-visual equipment. When a hazardous chemical accident is determined to have occurred based on the incoming water parameters and / or the status of hazardous chemical vehicles, an accident status handling mode is activated; otherwise, a normal rainfall status handling mode is maintained.

[0010] A dual-source coupled monitoring mechanism combining online water quality parameter monitoring and hazardous chemical vehicle trajectory recognition enables multi-dimensional cross-verification for accident determination. Sudden changes in water temperature, pH, conductivity, and turbidity can quickly capture water pollution characteristics, while radar, cameras, and integrated radar-visual systems can accurately pinpoint the location and traffic status of hazardous chemical vehicles. This combination effectively reduces the false alarm and false negative rates of single sensors, enabling early warning and precise location of accidents, and providing reliable data support for the system to quickly and accurately switch to accident handling mode.

[0011] Furthermore, in S3, after the sedimentation tank is full, the inlet pipe is closed and the inlet pipe of the clear water tank is opened. Then, after the sedimentation tank has remained for a first preset time, an oil-water separator pump is used to remove floating oil. The oil-water separator pump runs for a second preset time and then stops. The sedimentation tank drainage pipe is opened, and when the liquid level drops to the first preset level, the drainage pipe is closed. Then, the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe is opened and runs for a third preset time before being closed. Subsequently, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe is closed, and this process is repeated in a cycle. By setting a standard automated cleaning process of "inlet pipe switching - static oil separation - limited drainage - timed sludge discharge - cycle reset", seamless alternation of operation between the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank is achieved. Timed oil separation and limited drainage operations avoid excessive loss of effective water, accurately control the sludge discharge cycle to prevent siltation and blockage at the bottom of the tank, ensure stable effluent quality, improve rainwater recycling rate, and reduce manual inspection and sludge removal maintenance costs. Furthermore, in S4, when the road and bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, the inlet pipe of the emergency pool is opened, the inlet pipes of the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank are closed, and the outlet pipes of the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank are opened for emptying. When the emergency pool reaches the valve-closing level, the inlet pipe of the emergency pool is closed, the outlet pipes of the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank are closed, and then the inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is opened. If the sedimentation tank level reaches the valve-closing level, the inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank is closed, and the inlet pipe of the clear water tank is opened. This clarifies the linkage logic of "emergency pool is activated first, and sedimentation tank and clear water tank are expanded in sequence" under accident conditions. By first emptying the non-emergency pools to free up space, and then automatically switching the inlet path according to the valve-closing level threshold, the stepped series utilization of the three pool volumes is realized. This logic maximizes the expansion of the temporary storage capacity of accident waste liquid without manual intervention, effectively prevents secondary environmental pollution caused by overflow, and improves the interception reliability under large-capacity leakage conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, the conditional cleaning and reserve control in S5 includes a clear water tank emptying step: when the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is open for more than the fourth preset time and the first compartment of the clear water tank is higher than the second preset level (the actual goal is to empty the rainwater in the clear water tank during sunny or dry weather, but to ensure the safety of the emptying, i.e., no rainwater enters the clear water tank one hour before the emptying action is performed (mainly to avoid the situation where, in extreme cases, hazardous chemical monitoring vehicles on the road malfunction and accidental liquid flows into the clear water tank without being noticed). The inlet valves of the clear water tank and the sedimentation tank are set in the PLC to be one open and one closed, and there is no possibility of them opening or closing simultaneously. If the clear water tank is being emptied (the inlet valve of the clear water tank is...), The sedimentation tank is in a closed state, but the inlet valve is open. If the sedimentation tank has a large inflow and reaches the valve-closing level before the clear water tank is emptied, the inlet valve should still be closed. It's okay if the clear water tank isn't emptied this time. It will be emptied when conditions allow, as the rainfall amount and duration are unpredictable. Therefore, there's no need to limit the sedimentation tank level here. The clear water tank sludge discharge pipeline will be opened and closed after the fifth preset time, followed by the opening of the clear water tank rapid emptying pipeline. After emptying, the rapid emptying pipeline will be closed. If the sedimentation tank level rises to the valve-closing level during emptying, the sedimentation tank inlet pipeline, clear water tank sewage pipeline, and rapid emptying pipeline will be closed simultaneously, and the clear water tank inlet pipeline will be opened. The clear water tank's reserve capacity control uses a dual-threshold trigger for sludge discharge and rapid emptying based on "duration + first level," achieving dynamic capacity release based on actual operating conditions. If a sedimentation tank level alarm is triggered during the dredging process, the system automatically and synchronously cuts off the inlet and outlet water and switches the water inlet to the clear water tank, forming an anti-overflow safety interlock. This mechanism ensures that the clear water tank can quickly restore its emergency reserves during non-rainfall / low-load periods, while also preventing system instability caused by the dredging operation, thus enhancing its adaptability to various operating conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the conditional cleaning and reserve capacity control in S5 also includes a sedimentation tank emptying step: when the sedimentation tank inlet pipe has been open for more than a sixth preset time and the liquid level has not reached the valve-closing level, and the inlet flow rate is less than the first preset flow rate threshold, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is closed and the clear water tank inlet pipe is opened; then the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe is opened and closed after running for a fifth preset time, and the sedimentation tank rapid emptying pipe is opened and closed after emptying (or, as in the previous operation, the sedimentation tank is left to stand for a certain period of time before using an oil-water separator pump; then water is drained and sludge is discharged), and then the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe is closed. The reserve capacity control for the sedimentation tank uses a "long-term inlet + low flow + valve-closing level not reached" condition to trigger switching and cleaning, achieving proactive capacity management under long-duration light rain conditions. By switching the influent to the clear water tank in advance and emptying the sedimentation tank, the tank volume reduction and effluent deterioration caused by long-term deposition of suspended solids at low flow rates are avoided. This effectively maintains the treatment efficiency and emergency standby status of the sedimentation tank and extends the system's trouble-free operation cycle.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a road and bridge runoff treatment system that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception. It includes a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, an emergency tank, a control mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a main pipeline. The main pipeline is connected to the road and bridge drainage ditch or drainage pipe. Each of the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is connected to the main pipeline. Both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are equipped with a manual valve and an electric valve, respectively. Each of the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank is also equipped with a level gauge. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the inflow parameters of the main pipeline and the status of hazardous chemical vehicles on the road and bridge. The control mechanism is electrically or signal-connected to the electric valve, the monitoring mechanism, and the level gauge, and is configured to execute the road and bridge runoff treatment method or the steps of the method described above. A hardware integration system fully compatible with the road and bridge runoff treatment method is provided. Through a standardized layout of main pipelines, independent inlet and outlet pipelines, electric / manual valve assemblies, level gauges, and monitoring mechanisms, combined with centralized programming control of the control mechanism, the entire process of road and bridge runoff treatment is automated, modularized, and remotely operable. The system has a compact structure and clear interfaces, making it easy to retrofit or integrate into existing road and bridge drainage facilities, and it is highly feasible for engineering implementation.

[0015] Furthermore, the total effective volume of the clear water tank, sedimentation tank, and emergency tank is designed based on the maximum rainfall volume of the system's operating location during a 20-year return period (1 hour). Specifically, the clear water tank accounts for 1 / 6 of the total effective volume, the sedimentation tank for 1 / 3, and the emergency tank for 1 / 2. The total volume design is based on the "maximum rainfall volume during a 20-year return period (1 hour)," employing a scientific ratio of 1 / 6 for the clear water tank, 1 / 3 for the sedimentation tank, and 1 / 2 for the emergency tank, balancing peak rainfall regulation under normal conditions with the maximum capacity required for sudden emergencies. The emergency tank's larger proportion (more than half) ensures a safety buffer margin under extreme leakage events. The overall volume optimization avoids land waste and increased investment caused by excessive civil engineering, complying with environmental emergency response standards.

[0016] Furthermore, the clear water tank is internally divided into at least three interconnected independent units by alternating first and second baffles; water passages are respectively opened at the lower end of the first baffle and the upper end of the second baffle. The alternating staggered water passages of the first and second baffles within the clear water tank force the water flow to form an "S-shaped" tortuous channel. This structure significantly increases the hydraulic residence time, weakens short-flow and turbulence effects, and provides sufficient physical separation conditions for oil to float and heavy hazardous chemicals to settle. It enhances passive interception efficiency without additional energy consumption and is the core structural guarantee of the S6 extreme condition safety mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the external discharge pipelines for the sedimentation tanks include sludge discharge pipelines, emptying pipelines, and drainage pipelines; the external discharge pipelines for the clear water tanks include sludge discharge pipelines, emptying pipelines, and overflow pipelines; and the external discharge pipelines for the emergency tanks include drainage pipelines. The monitoring system includes flow meters, pH meters, conductivity meters, thermometers, turbidity meters, and integrated radar-based monitoring units deployed along the main pipelines and along roads and bridges. The dedicated external discharge pipeline configurations and multi-parameter monitoring networks for each tank are detailed. The division of labor for the sedimentation tanks' "sludge discharge + drainage + emptying," the clear water tanks' "sludge discharge + rapid emptying + overflow," and the emergency tanks' "drainage" pipelines is clear, meeting the needs for precise discharge and emergency dispatch under different operating conditions. The main pipeline flow meter and the five-parameter water quality instrument, combined with the integrated radar-visual system along the pipeline, have constructed a three-dimensional monitoring system of "point-line-surface" to provide the control agency with high-frequency and high-precision decision data, thereby improving the system's intelligent control level and operation and maintenance visualization capabilities.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: The road and bridge runoff treatment method of this invention realizes intelligent switching between two modes: "normal rainwater resource utilization" and "emergency interception of sudden hazardous chemical accidents" by constructing a collaborative system of "sedimentation tank-clear water tank-emergency tank" and a six-step treatment logic. The alternating operation mechanism of S3 and S4 avoids resource waste or insufficient emergency capacity under single operating conditions; S5 realizes dynamic cleaning and backup capacity through real-time liquid level, flow rate and time linkage control to ensure long-term operation of the system; S6, in extreme operating conditions of monitoring missed reports or active interception failure, uses the tortuous flow channel of the clear water tank to extend the hydraulic residence time, gaining a critical window for emergency response, and at the same time relies on the principle of gravity sedimentation and buoyancy to realize passive physical interception of immiscible liquid hazardous chemicals, which greatly improves the system's fault tolerance, safety and environmental reliability.

[0019] The road and bridge runoff treatment system of this invention provides a hardware integration system that is fully compatible with road and bridge runoff treatment methods. Through a standardized layout of main pipelines, independent inlet and outlet pipelines, electric / manual valve assemblies, level gauges, and monitoring mechanisms, combined with centralized programming control of the control mechanism, the entire process of road and bridge runoff treatment is automated, modularized, and remotely operable. The system has a compact structure and clear interfaces, facilitating its integration into existing road and bridge drainage facilities or new construction, and is highly feasible for engineering implementation.

[0020] In addition to the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features of the technical solutions constituted by the present invention, and the advantages brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions as described above, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought about by these technical features will be further explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the road and bridge runoff treatment system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the clear water tank of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first partition of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second partition of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated water distribution wall of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Sedimentation tank; 2. Clear water tank; 3. Emergency tank; 4. Main pipeline; 5. Inlet pipeline; 6. Level gauge; 7. First baffle; 8. Second baffle; 9. Water passage; 10. Sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipeline; 11. Sedimentation tank emptying pipeline; 12. Sedimentation tank drainage pipeline; 13. Clear water tank sludge discharge pipeline; 14. Clear water tank emptying pipeline; 15. Clear water tank overflow pipeline; 16. Emergency tank drainage pipeline; 17. Perforated water distribution wall. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a road and bridge runoff treatment system that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception. It includes a sedimentation tank 1 (with a perforated water distribution wall 17 inside), a clear water tank 2, an emergency tank 3, a control mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a main pipeline 4. The main pipeline 4 is connected to the road and bridge drainage ditch or drainage pipe to receive road and bridge runoff. Each of the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank is equipped with an inlet pipeline 5 and an outlet pipeline. The sedimentation tank outlet pipeline includes a sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipeline 10, a sedimentation tank emptying pipeline 11, and a sedimentation tank drainage pipeline 12. The clear water tank outlet pipeline includes a clear water tank sludge discharge pipeline 13, a clear water tank emptying pipeline 14, and a clear water tank overflow pipeline 15. The emergency tank outlet pipeline includes an emergency tank drainage pipeline 16. The inlet pipe 5 is connected to the main pipe 4. Both the inlet pipe 5 and the outlet pipe are equipped with manual and electric valves. Specifically, the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe 10, sedimentation tank empty pipe 11, sedimentation tank drainage pipe 12, clear water tank sludge discharge pipe 13, clear water tank empty pipe 14, clear water tank overflow pipe 15, and emergency tank drainage pipe 16 are all equipped with manual and electric valves, with the manual valve on the same pipe located upstream of the electric valve. Level gauges 6 are also installed in the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the inflow parameters of the main pipe 4 and the status of hazardous chemical vehicles on the road and bridge. Specifically, the monitoring mechanism includes an automatic online water quality monitoring component consisting of a flow meter, pH meter, conductivity meter, thermometer, and turbidity meter arranged on the main pipe 4 (not shown in the attached diagram; existing technology can be used for installation) and a hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring component consisting of integrated radar-visual units (not shown in the attached diagram; existing technology can be used for installation) deployed along the road and bridge. The control mechanism is electrically or signal-connected to actuators or monitoring devices such as electric valves, monitoring mechanisms, and level gauges 6 to control and schedule the operation of each actuator or monitoring device. The control mechanism (not shown in the attached drawings, but can be set up using existing technology) is a PLC controller or industrial computer. Generally, a power supply mechanism or line is also needed to supply power to each electrical device, which can be done using existing technology.

[0031] More specifically, the total effective volume of the clear water tank, sedimentation tank, and emergency tank is designed based on the maximum 20-year return period rainfall volume for the system's operating location within one hour. The clear water tank accounts for 1 / 6 of the total effective volume, the sedimentation tank for 1 / 3, and the emergency tank for 1 / 2, with a net height of approximately 3.5m for each. Furthermore, the clear water tank is internally divided into at least three interconnected independent units by alternating first partitions 7 and second partitions 8. Water passages 9, which are rectangular openings, are respectively located at the lower end of the first partition 7 and the upper end of the second partition 8. For example, the water passages 9 could be positioned such that the first partition 7 has a rectangular opening 30cm from the bottom of the clear water tank, and the second partition 8 has a rectangular opening 30cm from the top of the clear water tank. Accordingly, the center of the inlet pipe 5 and the overflow pipe of the clear water tank, respectively, is 30cm from the top plate of the clear water tank. Rainwater from the road (bridge) surface flows into the clear water tank through the inlet pipe 5, flows up and down inside the clear water tank, and then flows out through the overflow pipe. Furthermore, the center of the inlet pipe 5 and the outlet pipe of the sedimentation tank, respectively, is 30cm from the top plate and bottom of the sedimentation tank. The outlet pipe is connected to a float decanter (not shown in the attached diagram, but can be installed using existing technology) inside the sedimentation tank. The center of the inlet pipe 5 of the emergency tank, respectively, is 30cm from the top plate of the tank, and the center of the outlet pipe of the emergency tank, respectively, is 10cm from the bottom plate of the tank.

[0032] Preferably, each independent unit of the clear water tank, which is divided into two sections by the first partition 7 and the second partition 8, has a sludge discharge branch pipe installed at its bottom, and each sludge discharge branch pipe is equipped with a check valve. The sludge discharge branch pipes are all connected to a single sludge discharge main pipe, thus forming a sludge discharge pipeline, and an electric valve is installed on the sludge discharge main pipe.

[0033] This embodiment allows for timely adjustment of the operating status of the sedimentation tank and clear water tank via a control mechanism, adapting to initial rainwater treatment and "clean and wastewater separation" under varying rainfall levels. Under normal circumstances, rainwater first flows into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment. Subsequent clean rainwater flows into the clear water tank and is discharged from the overflow outlet. In case of an emergency, the emergency tank begins operation, while the sedimentation tank is emptied to accommodate additional emergency wastewater. Due to the lag in emergency signals, the sedimentation tank and clear water tank can conditionally and safely drain and remove sludge based on the duration of specified valve opening and closing states. The clear water tank is internally divided into multiple interconnected independent units by baffles. These units are connected via bottom or top holes in the baffles, allowing runoff to flow sequentially from the first unit to the last, finally exiting from the overflow outlet of the clear water tank. The holes in adjacent baffles within the clear water tank are staggered vertically. In extreme cases such as missed accident reporting, failure to open the inlet valve of the accident pool, or closure or fullness of the inlet valve of the sedimentation tank, as long as the hazardous chemical is liquid and incompatible with water, it will be intercepted by the clear water tank. Hazardous chemicals with a density greater than water will be intercepted at the bottom of the clear water tank, while those with a density less than water will be intercepted at the top. Furthermore, because the accident waste liquid flows in a tortuous manner within the clear water tank, it has a certain hydraulic residence time, which can extend the emergency response time.

[0034] Example 2 This embodiment provides a treatment method for the road and bridge runoff treatment system that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception as described in Embodiment 1, which includes the following steps: S1. System Initialization: In the initial state, open the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5, and close the external discharge pipes of each tank, as well as the inlet pipes 5 of the clear water tank and the emergency tank; specifically, all manual valves are normally open, the inlet electric valve of the sedimentation tank is open, the inlet electric valve of the clear water tank is closed, and the inlet electric valve of the emergency tank is closed; the drainage electric valve, sludge discharge electric valve, and emptying electric valve of the sedimentation tank are all closed; the sludge discharge electric valve and emptying electric valve of the clear water tank are all closed; and the drainage electric valve of the emergency runoff tank is closed. S2. Road and Bridge Runoff Monitoring: Monitors road and bridge runoff conditions. Automatic online water quality monitoring components monitor parameters such as water temperature, pH, conductivity, and turbidity of incoming water. Hazardous materials vehicle monitoring components monitor vehicles passing over roads and bridges. When a hazardous materials vehicle passes over a road or bridge, it is automatically captured and identified, and its location is determined based on its speed. This helps determine if a hazardous materials accident has occurred. Automatic online water quality monitoring includes detecting pH < 6.0 or pH > 9.0, conductivity > 800 μS / cm or a sudden increase ≥ 200%, or a sudden drop in turbidity > 50% within 5 minutes. This may be accompanied by a sudden and abnormal increase in pH / conductivity, or a sudden change in water temperature of ≥±4℃ within 10 minutes (the specific range of each parameter can be adjusted according to local conditions). The above parameters are generally not used as the sole basis for judgment, especially turbidity, which is only used as an auxiliary factor. Generally, all parameters are considered together to make a judgment. For monitoring of hazardous chemical vehicles, for example, the radar-visual integrated machine captures the scene of an accident involving a hazardous chemical vehicle (which can be achieved with existing technology), or the previous radar-visual integrated machine detects a hazardous chemical vehicle entering a road or bridge, but according to its operating speed, it does not reach the next radar-visual integrated machine within a reasonable time range. Generally, the judgment is made by combining automatic online water quality monitoring and hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring. The monitoring function of the radar-visual integrated machine can be updated according to the development of technology. For example, when the appearance of hazardous chemical vehicles changes with the development of the industry, the data needs to be updated in a timely manner to ensure or even improve the ability to identify and capture the appearance of hazardous chemical vehicles. Furthermore, it can be combined with AI to improve its judgment ability. S3. Normal Rainfall Processing Mode: When the road and bridge runoff is ordinary rainwater, the runoff enters the sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, and the sedimentation tank and clear water tank are used alternately for rainwater separation and recycling. Specifically, after the sedimentation tank is full, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is closed and the clear water tank inlet pipe 5 is opened. After the sedimentation tank stays for the first preset time (about 1 hour), the oil-water separator pump is used to remove the floating oil. The oil-water separator pump runs for the second preset time (about 5-10 minutes) and then stops. The sedimentation tank drainage pipe 12 is opened. When the liquid level drops to the first preset level, the sedimentation tank drainage pipe is closed. Then the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe 10 is opened and runs for the third preset time (about 5 minutes) and then closed. Subsequently, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe 5 is closed, and the process is repeated in this cycle. S4. Accident Status Handling Mode: When the road / bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, close the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5, open the accident tank inlet pipe 5, and simultaneously empty the sedimentation tank and clear water tank. After the accident tank is full, sequentially activate the sedimentation tank and clear water tank to provide temporary storage space for subsequent accident waste liquid; specifically, when the road / bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, open the accident tank inlet pipe 5, close the sedimentation tank and clear water tank inlet pipes 5, and open the sedimentation tank and clear water tank outflow pipes for emptying operations (it should be noted that if the accident information is received manually before response and processing, there will be a delay. If an accident occurs...) If the valve of the sedimentation tank is open, or if it is closed but emergency waste liquid flowed in before it was closed, the sedimentation tank cannot be emptied. (Unless the information is received manually and the valve of the sedimentation tank has been closed for more than 1 hour). When the emergency tank reaches the valve-closing level, close the emergency tank inlet pipe 5, close the sedimentation tank and clear water tank outflow pipes, and then open the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5. If the sedimentation tank level reaches the valve-closing level, close the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 and open the clear water tank inlet pipe 5. When an accident occurs, the above process remains unchanged until manual reset; after manual reset, it operates automatically. S5. Conditional cleaning and reserve capacity control: Real-time monitoring of sedimentation tank and clear water tank level data, as well as the opening duration and inlet flow rate of sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5, to perform emptying operations of sedimentation tank and clear water tank, and realize dynamic reserve capacity. S6. Passive Interception under Extreme Conditions: In extreme conditions such as missed accident reporting, failure to trigger the interception in the accident pool, and closure or fullness of the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5, the hydraulic residence time of the tortuous flow channel in the clear water pool is used to extend the emergency response time for the accident; and physical interception is carried out for liquid hazardous chemicals that are immiscible with water, with hazardous chemicals with a density greater than that of water settling and being intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and hazardous chemicals with a density less than that of water floating and being intercepted at the surface of the water.

[0035] More specifically, the conditional cleaning and preparation control in S5 includes: (1) Steps for emptying the clear water tank (If the sedimentation tank is not full for a long time, empty the clear water tank). When the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is open for more than the fourth preset time and the first compartment of the clear water tank is higher than the second preset level, the clear water tank sludge discharge pipe 13 is opened and closed after running for the fifth preset time. Then the clear water tank drain pipe is opened. After the drain is completed, the clear water tank drain pipe is closed. If the sedimentation tank level rises to the valve closing level during the drain process, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5, the clear water tank sewage discharge pipe and the drain pipe are closed simultaneously, and the clear water tank inlet pipe 5 is opened.

[0036] (2) Steps for emptying the sedimentation tank (If the sedimentation tank is not full for a long time, empty the sedimentation tank) When the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is opened for more than the sixth preset time and the liquid level does not reach the valve closing level, and the inlet flow rate is less than the first preset flow rate threshold, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is closed and the clear water tank inlet pipe 5 is opened; then the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe 10 is opened and closed after running for the fifth preset time; the sedimentation tank evacuation pipe is opened and closed after evacuation; then the sedimentation tank inlet pipe 5 is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe 5 is closed.

[0037] The control mechanism includes a memory and a processor (existing technology can be used), and its internal memory stores a computer program, which is executed by the processor to implement the method described above.

[0038] Furthermore, in the description of the invention, unless otherwise stated, the use of terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings is solely for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of the invention, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the use of the terms "first," "second," and "third" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating road and bridge runoff that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. System Construction and Initialization: Set up a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, and an emergency tank that are respectively connected to the road and bridge drainage ditch or drainage pipe. The clear water tank is equipped with at least two partitions to divide it into at least three compartments. The partitions are equipped with water passages, and the water passages on adjacent partitions are staggered vertically. In the initial state, open the water inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank and close the outflow pipes of each tank as well as the water inlet pipes of the clear water tank and the emergency tank. S2. Road and bridge runoff monitoring: Monitor road and bridge runoff conditions to determine whether it is a normal rainfall state or an accident state; S3. Normal rainfall state treatment mode: When the road and bridge runoff is ordinary rainwater, the road and bridge runoff enters the sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, and the sedimentation tank and the clear water tank are used alternately for rainwater clean and dirty diversion treatment and recycling. S4. Accident Status Handling Mode: When the road and bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, close the inlet pipe of the sedimentation tank and open the inlet pipe of the accident pool. At the same time, empty the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool. After the accident pool is full, activate the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool in sequence to provide temporary storage space for subsequent accident waste liquid. S5. Conditional cleaning and reserve capacity control: Real-time monitoring of sedimentation tank and clear water tank level data, sedimentation tank inlet pipe opening duration and inlet flow rate, and emptying operation of sedimentation tank and clear water tank to achieve dynamic reserve capacity. S6. Passive Interception under Extreme Conditions: In extreme conditions such as missed accident reporting, failure to trigger the interception in the accident pool, and closure or fullness of the sedimentation tank inlet pipe, the hydraulic residence time of the tortuous flow channel in the clear water pool is used to extend the emergency response time for the accident; and physical interception is carried out for liquid hazardous chemicals that are immiscible with water, with hazardous chemicals with a density greater than that of water settling and being intercepted at the bottom of the pool, and hazardous chemicals with a density less than that of water floating and being intercepted at the surface of the water.

2. The road and bridge runoff treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, road and bridge runoff monitoring includes automatic online water quality monitoring and hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring; Automatic online water quality monitoring determines whether a hazardous chemical accident is occurring by monitoring parameters of incoming water, including water temperature, pH value, conductivity, and turbidity. The hazardous chemical vehicle monitoring system monitors hazardous chemical vehicles passing over roads and bridges using monitoring equipment. When a hazardous chemical vehicle passes over a road or bridge, it is automatically captured and identified, and its location is determined based on the vehicle's speed. The monitoring equipment includes at least one of radar, camera, and integrated radar-visual equipment. When a hazardous chemical accident is detected based on inflow water parameters and / or the status of hazardous chemical vehicles, the accident status handling mode is activated; otherwise, the normal rainfall status handling mode is maintained.

3. The method for treating road and bridge runoff according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after the sedimentation tank is full, the inlet pipe is closed and the inlet pipe of the clear water tank is opened. Then, after the sedimentation tank has been in the sedimentation tank for a first preset time, the floating oil is removed by an oil-water separator pump. The oil-water separator pump runs for a second preset time and then stops. The sedimentation tank drain pipe is opened, and when the liquid level drops to the first preset level, the drain pipe is closed. Then, the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe is opened and runs for a third preset time before being closed. Subsequently, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe is closed, and the process is repeated in this cycle.

4. The road and bridge runoff treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, when the road and bridge runoff is a hazardous chemical accident, open the inlet pipe of the accident pool, close the inlet pipes of the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool, and open the outlet pipes of the sedimentation tank and the clear water pool to empty the tank. When the emergency tank reaches the valve-closing level, close the emergency tank inlet pipe, close the sedimentation tank and clear water tank outlet pipes, and then open the sedimentation tank inlet pipe. If the sedimentation tank level reaches the valve-closing level, close the sedimentation tank inlet pipe and open the clear water tank inlet pipe.

5. The method for treating road and bridge runoff according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditional cleaning and reserve control in S5 includes the clear water tank emptying step: when the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is open for more than the fourth preset time and the first compartment of the clear water tank is higher than the second preset level, the clear water tank sludge discharge pipe is opened and closed after running for the fifth preset time, and then the clear water tank rapid emptying pipe is opened; after emptying is completed, the rapid emptying pipe is closed; if the sedimentation tank level rises to the valve closing level during the emptying process, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe, the clear water tank sewage discharge pipe and the rapid emptying pipe are closed simultaneously, and the clear water tank inlet pipe is opened.

6. The road and bridge runoff treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditional cleaning and reserve control in S5 includes the sedimentation tank emptying step: when the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is opened for more than a sixth preset time and the liquid level does not reach the valve closing level, and the inlet flow rate is less than the first preset flow rate threshold, the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is closed and the clear water tank inlet pipe is opened; then the sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipe is opened and closed after running for a fifth preset time; the sedimentation tank rapid emptying pipe is opened and closed after emptying; then the sedimentation tank inlet pipe is reopened and the clear water tank inlet pipe is closed.

7. A road and bridge runoff treatment system that combines rainwater treatment and hazardous chemical interception, characterized in that: The system includes a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, an emergency tank, a control mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a main pipeline. The main pipeline is connected to a road / bridge drainage ditch or drainage pipe. Each of the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is connected to the main pipeline. Both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are equipped with a manual valve and an electric valve, respectively. Each of the sedimentation tank, clear water tank, and emergency tank is also equipped with a level gauge. The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the inflow parameters of the main pipeline and the status of hazardous chemical vehicles on the road / bridge. The control mechanism is electrically or signal-connected to the electric valve, the monitoring mechanism, and the level gauge, and is configured to perform the steps of the road / bridge runoff treatment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The road and bridge runoff treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The total effective volume of the clear water tank, sedimentation tank, and emergency tank is designed based on the maximum rainfall volume of the system's operating location once every 20 years in one hour; among them, the effective volume of the clear water tank accounts for 1 / 6 of the total effective volume, the sedimentation tank accounts for 1 / 3, and the emergency tank accounts for 1 / 2.

9. The road and bridge runoff treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clear water tank is divided into at least three interconnected independent units by alternating first and second partitions; water passages are opened at the lower end of the first partition and the upper end of the second partition.

10. The road and bridge runoff treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The external discharge pipeline of the sedimentation tank includes a sedimentation tank sludge discharge pipeline, a sedimentation tank emptying pipeline and a sedimentation tank drainage pipeline; the external discharge pipeline of the clear water tank includes a clear water tank sludge discharge pipeline, a clear water tank emptying pipeline and a clear water tank overflow pipeline; and the external discharge pipeline of the emergency tank includes an emergency tank drainage pipeline. The monitoring system includes flow meters, pH meters, conductivity meters, thermometers, turbidity meters, and integrated radar-visual units deployed along the main roads and bridges.

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