A high-efficiency clarifier for colloidal suspensions

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of colloidal suspensions high-efficiency clarifying device, it is related to colloidal suspensions clarification field, including clarification cylinder body, the lower part of the clarification cylinder body is equipped with the collection mechanism for collecting colloidal suspensions, the inside center position of the clarification cylinder body is fixedly installed with center component, the center component includes center tube one, the center tube one is fixedly installed with center tube two, the center tube two is fixedly installed with layering plate one and layering plate two, the outside of the layering plate one is fixedly installed with layering filter plate one, the outside of the layering plate two is fixedly installed with layering filter plate two, the device adopts the radial tilt layering filter plate design of inside high and outside low, large particle flocculation body is automatically slipped to the low place of cylinder wall under the action of gravity component force, center filter plate area always keeps unobstructed, and screening flux is substantially improved than traditional horizontal filter plate, while realizing the ideal grading effect of large particle remaining bottom and small particle circulating, lay foundation for subsequent enhanced flocculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of colloidal suspension clarification, specifically to a high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions. Background Technology

[0002] This invention relates to the field of colloidal suspended solids clarification technology, and is widely used in key areas of the national economy such as raw water purification in waterworks, advanced treatment of industrial wastewater, pretreatment for reclaimed water reuse, restoration of black and odorous rivers, and mine water treatment. Colloidal suspended solids are among the most difficult pollutants to remove in water treatment. Their particle size is only 1nm-1μm, and the particles have a negative charge on their surface, forming a stable double electric layer structure. This results in strong repulsion between them, and their natural settling rate is extremely slow, often requiring several years to complete. Improper treatment can lead to excessive turbidity in the effluent, a surge in the load on subsequent treatment units, and seriously affect the stable operation of the water treatment system. With the continuous improvement of my country's environmental protection standards and the increasingly stringent requirements for industrial wastewater treatment, traditional clarification technologies can no longer meet the demands for efficient, stable, and low-energy-consumption treatment. Currently, the mainstream clarification devices in the industry mainly include three types: horizontal flow sedimentation tanks, inclined tube sedimentation tanks, and mechanically accelerated clarification tanks. All of them have insurmountable technical defects. Horizontal flow sedimentation tanks rely on gravity for natural settling, resulting in extremely low treatment efficiency, long retention time, and huge footprint. Although inclined tube sedimentation tanks improve separation efficiency through the shallow tank theory, the mixed suspension of particles of different sizes causes a large number of micro-flocs to fail to collide and grow sufficiently, resulting in high turbidity due to loss with the effluent. In addition, the uniform accumulation of large particles on the surface of the horizontal filter plate easily clogs the filter pores, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning. Mechanically accelerated clarification tanks enhance flocculation through mechanical stirring, but the strong shear force generated by high-power stirring will break up the already formed large flocs, producing secondary suspended pollution. At the same time, mechanical parts suffer from severe wear, high failure rate, and high operating energy consumption. Furthermore, the sludge discharged from existing devices generally has a water content of over 99%, is bulky, and the subsequent concentration and dewatering treatment costs remain high. Existing clarification devices generally suffer from poor resistance to shock loads. When the quality or quantity of influent water fluctuates, sludge easily escapes, leading to a sharp deterioration in effluent quality and making them unsuitable for complex and variable influent conditions. Furthermore, traditional devices often employ a modular design, resulting in a loose structure and low integration, further increasing floor space and construction costs. Therefore, developing an integrated, high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspended solids that can achieve precise particle size classification, enhance flocculation efficiency, prevent filter plate clogging, reduce sludge moisture content, and possess strong shock resistance has become a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient clarification device for colloidal suspensions to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] A high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions includes a clarification cylinder. A collection mechanism for collecting colloidal suspensions is located below the clarification cylinder. A central component is fixedly installed at the center of the clarification cylinder. The central component includes a central tube I, a central tube II fixedly installed on the central tube I, a layering plate I and a layering plate II fixedly installed on the central tube II, a layered filter plate I fixedly installed outside the layered plate I, and a layered filter plate II fixedly installed outside the layered plate II. Multiple evenly distributed spiral tubes are fixedly installed on the central tube II. A piston component is installed inside the clarification cylinder. The layered filter plate I, the layered filter plate II, and the piston component divide the interior of the clarification cylinder into a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber. The spiral tubes are located inside the second chamber.

[0005] Furthermore, a filtration component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the clarification cylinder. The filtration component includes a first sleeve, which is fixedly installed inside the clarification cylinder. A second sleeve is slidably mounted inside the first sleeve. A second spring is fixedly connected between the second sleeve and the first sleeve. The bottom of the central tube has multiple evenly distributed reflux ports. A fixing member is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central tube. Multiple evenly distributed spring telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the fixing member. A sealing inner plate for sealing the reflux ports is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod.

[0006] Furthermore, the piston component includes a piston body, on which a plurality of evenly distributed infusion ports are provided. A plurality of sealing covers for closing the infusion ports are slidably mounted on the piston body. A spring is fixedly connected between the sealing covers and the piston body. A plurality of evenly distributed filtration channels are provided on the lower surface of the piston body. The interior of the filtration channels has a partition baffle corresponding to the second sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, a collection pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the clarification cylinder. The height of the side of the first and second layered filter plates near the collection pipe is lower than the height of the side of the first and second layered filter plates away from the collection pipe. The height of the first and second layered filter plates gradually decreases from the center to the periphery. The collection pipe is provided with suction ports at the positions near the first and second layered filter plates.

[0008] Furthermore, a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate are slidably installed inside the collecting tube. Both the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate have flow ports, which are staggered. A first spring is fixedly connected between the first sealing plate and the collecting tube. A sealing block is fixedly installed on one side of the collecting tube. A sliding block is slidably installed inside the sealing block. A stop bar is fixedly installed on the sliding block and extends into the inside of the collecting tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the collection mechanism includes a collection housing, a fine filter screen plate is fixedly installed inside the collection housing, a central support is fixedly installed at the center of the collection housing, the middle part of the fine filter screen plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the central support, and a liquid outlet pipe is fixedly installed at the lower end of the collection housing, with the lower end of the collection pipe extending into the interior of the collection housing.

[0010] Furthermore, a purification component is provided below the filtration component. The purification component includes an inner cylinder, which is fixedly installed on a central support. An outer cylinder is slidably sleeved on the upper outer end of the inner cylinder. A second motor is fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder. An inclined plate is fixedly installed on the outer cylinder. A leakage hole is opened in the middle of the inclined plate. A threaded rod that drives the outer cylinder to rise and fall is fixedly installed at the drive end of the second motor. The height of the outer ring of the inclined plate is greater than the height of the inner ring.

[0011] Furthermore, an overflow hopper is fixedly installed at the upper end of the clarification cylinder, the overflow hopper is connected to the first chamber, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected between the overflow hopper and the liquid outlet pipe, a flocculation pipe and a raw water pipe are fixedly installed on the clarification cylinder, the flocculation pipe is connected to the second chamber, and the raw water pipe is connected to the third chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of evenly distributed limiting rods are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the first sleeve, and a first pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the limiting rods. A plurality of evenly distributed second pressure sensors are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first sleeve. The first pressure sensor is located directly below the second sleeve. Both the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are sealed and wrapped with rubber sleeves.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of evenly distributed sealing shells are fixedly installed on the outside of the clarification cylinder, and a first motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the sealing shell. A threaded rod for controlling the lifting and lowering of the ear plate is fixedly installed on the drive end of the first motor. The ear plate is slidably locked inside the corresponding sealing shell. A breather valve is fixedly installed on the outside of the clarification cylinder, and the breather valve is connected to the fourth chamber.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The radially inclined layered filter plate design with a higher inner layer and a lower outer layer allows large flocs to automatically slide and collect towards the lower part of the cylinder wall under the influence of gravity, keeping the central filter plate area unobstructed and significantly increasing the screening throughput compared to traditional horizontal filter plates. At the same time, it achieves the ideal classification effect of retaining large particles at the bottom and circulating small particles, laying the foundation for subsequent enhanced flocculation. 2. The piston component forms a unidirectional hydraulic circulation system through its lifting and lowering motion, which allows small particulate flocs to circulate multiple times within the system, increasing the collision probability and shortening the flocculation time. The circulation process does not disturb the upper clear water zone, and the upper layer always maintains a stable overflow state, so the turbidity of the effluent can be kept below the standard value, preventing the small particulate flocs from being difficult to form and settle. 3. By setting up a spiral tube, the liquid is sprayed through the spiral tube to form a controllable swirling flow field. The difference in centrifugal force causes large particles to settle against the cylinder wall, while small particles gather and collide in the central area. This avoids interference between large particles and small particles, and the flexible buffer layer formed by the sludge accumulation on the inner wall dissipates turbulent energy and prevents the flocs from being sheared and broken. 4. By setting up a sludge removal component, the bottom filtration component and the sludge removal component work together to statically compress and dewater the flocs before sludge discharge, resulting in reduced moisture content and volume of the discharged sludge; the sludge discharge process is fully automatic, requiring no manual intervention, and online sludge removal is possible, allowing the device to operate continuously without shutdown; 5. The upper layer of layered filter plates and the lower layer of dynamic floc bed form a dual filtration system. Even if the turbidity of the influent suddenly increases, the lower mature floc bed can quickly adsorb and capture the newly added suspended solids. The system can withstand a higher range of influent turbidity fluctuations, and the effluent water quality remains stable. 6. The integrated vertical cylindrical design reduces the floor space required compared to traditional inclined tube sedimentation tanks; it eliminates the need for high-power stirring equipment, relying solely on hydraulic action to complete the entire process of mixing, flocculation, and separation, thus reducing operating energy consumption; the filter residue is easy to clean, there are fewer vulnerable parts, and maintenance costs are significantly reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Clarifying cylinder; 2. Collection mechanism; 3. Central component; 4. Layered filter plate one; 5. Piston component; 6. Filtration component; 7. Impurity removal component; 8. Discharge pipe; 100. First chamber; 200. Second chamber; 300. Third chamber; 400. Fourth chamber; 11. Collection pipe; 12. Flocculation pipe; 13. Raw water pipe; 14. Overflow hopper; 15. Delivery pipe; 16. Breathing valve; 17. Sealing shell; 21. Collection shell; 22. Fine filter screen; 23. Central support; 31. Central pipe one; 32. Central pipe two; 33. Layered plate one; 34. Layered plate two; 35. Fixing component; 41. Layered filter plate two; 51. Piston body; 52. Infusion port; 53. Sealing cover; 54. Filter channel; 55. First motor; 61. First sleeve; 62. Second sleeve; 63. Limiting rod; 71. Inner cylinder; 72. Outer cylinder; 73. Second motor; 74. Inclined plate; 111. First sealing plate; 112. Second sealing plate; 113. Flow port; 114. First spring; 115. Sealing block; 116. Sliding block; 117. Stop bar; 311. Return port; 321. Spiral tube; 351. Spring telescopic rod; 352. Sealing inner plate; 511. Ear plate; 541. Dividing baffle; 621. Second spring; 631. First pressure sensor; 632. Second pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution for a high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions: it includes a clarification cylinder 1, a collection mechanism 2 for collecting colloidal suspensions is provided below the clarification cylinder 1, a central component 3 is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the clarification cylinder 1, the central component 3 includes a central tube 31, a central tube 32 is fixedly installed on the central tube 31, a layering plate 33 and a layering plate 34 are fixedly installed on the central tube 32, a layered filter plate 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the layering plate 33, the height of the layered filter plate 4 and the layered filter plate 41 near the collection pipe 11 is lower than the height of the layered filter plate 4 and the layered filter plate 41 away from the collection pipe 11, and the height of the layered filter plate 4 and the layered filter plate 41 gradually decreases from the center to the periphery; A layered filter plate 41 is fixedly installed on the outside of the layered plate 34. Multiple evenly distributed spiral tubes 321 are fixedly installed on the center tube 32. Multiple evenly distributed return ports 311 are opened at the bottom end of the center tube 31. A fixing member 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the center tube 31. Multiple evenly distributed spring telescopic rods 351 are fixedly installed on the fixing member 35. A sealing inner plate 352 for sealing the return ports 311 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rods 351. A piston component 5 is installed inside the clarification cylinder 1. The layered filter plate 4, the layered filter plate 41, and the piston component 5 divide the inside of the clarification cylinder 1 into a first chamber 100, a second chamber 200, a third chamber 300, and a fourth chamber 400. The spiral tubes 321 are located inside the second chamber 200. An overflow hopper 14 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the clarification cylinder 1. The overflow hopper 14 is connected to the first chamber 100. A flocculation pipe 12 and a raw water pipe 13 are fixedly installed on the clarification cylinder 1. The flocculation pipe 12 is connected to the second chamber 200, and the raw water pipe 13 is connected to the third chamber 300. Please see Figure 1-5 In actual use, raw water to be treated is injected into the clarification cylinder 1 through the raw water pipe 13, filling the interior of the clarification cylinder 1 to just submerge the layered filter plate 4. Then, flocculant solution is injected into the second chamber 200 through the flocculation pipe 12. After the flocculant is injected, the liquid level reaches the maximum water level of the clarification cylinder 1. The flocculant and raw water are fully mixed in the second chamber 200 and a flocculation reaction occurs. A large number of large flocs are formed inside the second chamber 200. Because of the effect of the layered filter plate 4, the large flocs cannot float into the area of ​​the first chamber 100. As a result, a clear supernatant layer is formed inside the first chamber 100. During operation, raw water and flocculant are continuously input through the raw water pipe 13 and the flocculation pipe 12, and the supernatant will continuously overflow through the overflow hopper 14. In the initial stage of operation, some micro-flocs that have just reacted with the flocculant but have not yet completely settled will pass through the layered filter plate 4 and enter the first chamber 100. However, these micro-flocs will grow inside the first chamber 100 and gradually aggregate into larger particles, eventually settling above the layered filter plate 4 to form a dynamically balanced floc buffer layer. Under the action of gravity, the large flocs inside the second chamber 200 will settle on the layered filter plate 41, while the large flocs on the first chamber 100 will settle on the layered filter plate 4. The overflow hopper 14 does not have the ability to absorb, but only the ability to overflow. Therefore, the flocs inside the first chamber 100 will not be carried out of the device, and the overflow hopper 14 only collects the overflowing clear liquid.

[0019] After the raw water and flocculant fill the clarification cylinder 1, the piston component 5 will activate the internal circulation system. The piston component 5 will rise first, and under the action of the spring telescopic rod 351, the sealing inner plate 352 will close the return port 311. The space in the fourth chamber 400 will gradually increase, generating negative pressure, while the space in the third chamber 300 will correspondingly compress. The piston component 5 has a one-way structure; the negative pressure will cause the one-way structure of the piston component 5 to open. When it rises, the liquid inside the third chamber 300 will pass through the piston component 5 and enter the fourth chamber 400 area. Because the first layer plate 33, the first layer filter plate 4, the second layer plate 34, and the second layer filter plate 41 isolate the first chamber 100, the second chamber 200, and the third chamber 300, when the piston component 5 descends, it will squeeze the liquid in the fourth chamber 400. The liquid is transported to the interior of the central tube 32 through the return port 311. At this time, the return port 311 is pushed to compress the spring telescopic rod 351, and the return port 311 is opened. As the piston component 5 continues to descend, the liquid is sprayed into the interior of the second chamber 200 along the spiral tube 321. As the piston component 5 descends, the space of the fourth chamber 400 shrinks and the space of the third chamber 300 expands. The third chamber 300 will draw liquid from the interior of the second chamber 200, and the fourth chamber 400 will transport liquid to the second chamber 200, forming a dynamic balance. The clear liquid inside the first chamber 100 will not be disturbed and will always maintain a stable overflow. When the liquid passes through the layered filter plate 41, it will be filtered by the layered filter plate 41, while the clear liquid inside the first chamber 100 will be filtered by the layered filter plate 4. The double filtration ensures that the effluent is clear and stable. Furthermore, when the third chamber 300 draws liquid from the second chamber 200, water flow is generated at the position of the second layered filter plate 41. Because the inner ring height of the second layered filter plate 41 and the first layered filter plate 4 is greater than the outer ring height, large flocculent particles will slide along the inner ring to the surrounding area and eventually be carried by the water flow to stay on the inner wall of the clarifier cylinder 1. This ensures the filtration effect of the inner ring of the first layered filter plate 4 and the second layered filter plate 41, prevents large flocculent particles from clogging the filter holes, and also prevents large flocculent particles from clogging and causing a sudden increase in pressure, resulting in the breakage of large flocculent particles. The height of the first layered filter plate 4 and the second layered filter plate 41 away from the collection pipe 11 is higher than the height near the collection pipe 11. As a result, large flocculent particles will be further carried along the inner wall of the clarifier cylinder 1 to the position near the collection pipe 11, and finally converge into a thick floc layer at the collection pipe 11, which is periodically discharged through the collection pipe 11.

[0020] As the piston component 5 moves up and down in a reciprocating motion, it not only drives the liquid to circulate between the first chamber 100, the second chamber 200, the third chamber 300, and the fourth chamber 400, but also quickly and fully reacts the suspended solids and flocculants in the raw water, and rapidly removes large flocs. Small flocs, which have not yet grown, are also driven to circulate, thus continuously refining the floc structure in the dynamic reciprocating motion, giving micro-flocs ample opportunities to collide, thereby significantly improving floc density and settling efficiency. This reciprocating dynamic shear environment provides an ideal "microscopic stirring field" for floc growth—avoiding both violent shearing that leads to disintegration and static conditions that cause uneven floc settling.

[0021] Furthermore, the spiral tube 321 is spiral-shaped. When the liquid is sprayed out from the spiral tube 321, it will have a certain kinetic energy. Larger flocs have higher kinetic energy, so they will be driven to impact the inner wall of the clarification cylinder 1 to form a centrifugal rotating flow field. Smaller flocs, due to their lower inertia, are more likely to gather towards the center with the spiral flow field. Particle size classification is completed in the dynamic game between centrifugal force and centripetal force. It should be noted that the speed range of the liquid flow driven by the piston component 5 is 0.5-1.5 m / h. Too small a speed will affect the clarification efficiency, while too large a speed will lead to floc breakage and filter bed disturbance. The filter pore diameter of the first layer filter plate 4 and the second layer filter plate 41 is 100-150 μm, which is just enough to intercept large flocs larger than 200 μm and allow small particles smaller than 100 μm to pass through. This not only prevents large flocs from running to the upper layer, but also avoids clogging and excessive seepage resistance. At the same time, it ensures that small particles continue to collide and grow in the circulation, thereby constructing a precise "floc sieving gradient" near the critical scale of 200 μm.

[0022] A filtration component 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the clarifying cylinder 1. The filtration component 6 includes a first sleeve 61, which is fixedly installed inside the clarifying cylinder 1. A second sleeve 62 is slidably mounted inside the first sleeve 61. A second spring 621 is fixedly connected between the second sleeve 62 and the first sleeve 61. The piston component 5 includes a piston body 51, on which multiple evenly distributed infusion ports 52 are opened. Multiple sealing covers 53 for sealing the infusion ports 52 are slidably mounted on the piston body 51. A spring is fixedly connected between the cover plate 53 and the piston body 51. Multiple evenly distributed layer filtration channels 54 are opened on the lower surface of the piston body 51. The interior of the layer filtration channels 54 has a partition baffle 541 corresponding to the second sleeve 62. Multiple evenly distributed sealing shells 17 are fixedly installed on the outside of the clarification cylinder 1. A first motor 55 is fixedly installed on the outside of the sealing shell 17. A threaded rod for controlling the lifting and lowering of the ear plate 511 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the first motor 55. The ear plate 511 is slidably locked inside the corresponding sealing shell 17.

[0023] Please see Figure 8 When the piston component 5 rises, the sealing cover 53 is driven down by the negative pressure in the fourth chamber 400, the spring is stretched, and the infusion port 52 opens. Water flows into the fourth chamber 400 through the infusion port 52. When the piston component 5 falls, the negative pressure in the fourth chamber 400 disappears, the spring rebounds and pushes the sealing cover 53 to move up and reset, and the infusion port 52 closes, forming a one-way flow mechanism. When piston component 5 begins to descend, it is not in contact with the second sleeve 62. At this point, the liquid is pushed by piston component 5 along the inner sides of the first sleeve 61 and the second sleeve 62, flowing upwards through the return port 311 until the lower end of piston component 5 contacts the second sleeve 62. At this point, the separating baffle 541 is in contact with the second sleeve 62, and one end of the filtration channel 54 is located outside the second sleeve 62, while the other end is located at the inner ring of the second sleeve 62. As piston component 5 continues to descend, it will cause the second sleeve 62 to descend and compress the second spring 621. The descent of piston component 5 will also compress the size of the outer chamber of the second sleeve 62. Therefore, at this time, the outer chamber of the first sleeve 61... The liquid in the first sleeve 61 is pressed into the inner ring of the filter channel 54. This design can quickly transport a portion of the liquid from the fourth chamber 400 back into the second chamber 200 when the piston component 5 initially descends. At the same time, it compresses the large flocs that have settled at the bottom to the outside of the second sleeve 62. The partition baffle 541 continues to descend a certain distance after contacting the second sleeve 62 in order to discharge the slightly clearer liquid on the upper layer of the suspension at the bottom, ensuring that the final product outside the first sleeve 61 is high-concentration flocs. When the piston component 5 descends to the maximum position, all the sealing covers 53 are blocked by the first sleeve 61 and cannot be lowered or opened.

[0024] The collection mechanism 2 includes a collection housing 21, a fine filter screen 22 is fixedly installed inside the collection housing 21, a central support 23 is fixedly installed at the center of the collection housing 21, the middle part of the fine filter screen 22 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the central support 23, an outlet pipe 8 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the collection housing 21, a conveying pipe 15 is fixedly connected between the overflow hopper 14 and the outlet pipe 8, and the lower end of the collection pipe 11 extends into the interior of the collection housing 21.

[0025] Below the filtration component 6 is a cleaning component 7, which includes an inner cylinder 71. The inner cylinder 71 is fixedly mounted on the central support 23. An outer cylinder 72 is slidably sleeved on the upper outer end of the inner cylinder 71. A second motor 73 is fixedly mounted inside the inner cylinder 71. An inclined plate 74 is fixedly mounted on the outer cylinder 72. A leakage hole is opened in the middle of the inclined plate 74. A threaded rod that drives the outer cylinder 72 to rise and fall is fixedly mounted on the drive end of the second motor 73. The height of the outer ring of the inclined plate 74 is greater than the height of the inner ring. A breather valve 16 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the clarification cylinder 1. The breather valve 16 is connected to the fourth chamber 400.

[0026] Please see Figure 10 When piston component 5 descends to its lowest point, large flocculent material is gathered outside the second sleeve 62. At this point, piston component 5 pauses and does not rise temporarily. Then, the second motor 73 operates, driving the outer cylinder 72 to descend. The outer cylinder 72, in turn, drives the inclined plate 74 to descend. Initially, the inclined plate 74 tightly seals the lower end of the clarification cylinder 1, and the opening at the center of the inclined plate 74 presses against the bottom end of the first sleeve 61. After the inclined plate 74 descends, its opening separates from the bottom end of the first sleeve 61, forming a flow channel. At this time, the return port 311 is sealed. The inner plate 352 is blocked, so the liquid inside the second sleeve 62 and the liquid inside the central tube 31 will not flow out from the channel. When the inclined plate 74 descends, the pressure between the piston component 5 and the inclined plate 74 increases sharply. The breathing valve 16 can balance the pressure, so that the inclined plate 74 can descend stably. The high concentration of flocculants outside the first sleeve 61 will slide inward along the surface of the inclined plate 74 and flow out from the flow channel. The outer cylinder 72 and the inner cylinder 71 can not only prevent the second motor 73 from getting wet, but also allow the liquid to slide down along the surface of the inner cylinder 71 and the outer cylinder 72. The liquid slides down the surfaces of the inner cylinder 71 and outer cylinder 72 to the inner ring of the fine filter plate 22. Under the influence of gravity, it is slowly filtered, eventually trapping the filter residue on the surface of the fine filter plate 22. The fine filter plate 22 is designed to be inclined to increase the filtration effect, allowing it to be filtered more quickly along the surface under gravity. A large amount of filter residue is transferred to the edge, and workers can easily clean the filter residue from the surface of the fine filter plate 22 using tools such as shovels and brushes during operation, allowing for continuous operation without stopping the machine. The inclined structure allows the residue to slide naturally into the slag collection tank, significantly reducing the frequency of manual intervention while improving filtration efficiency and equipment stability.

[0027] It should be noted that the reciprocating lifting of piston component 5 can not only remove flocculent particles, but also drive the water flow to form a directional vortex in the cavity, enhance the contact efficiency between flocculents and filter media, use the water flow to act as a stirrer, reduce the occurrence of large flocculent particles being broken, and can also transport small flocculent particles located at the bottom back to the top to fully collide and combine with the incompletely settled flocculents in the liquid to form larger and denser clumps, preventing many small flocculent particles from not fully reacting and thus being suspended in the liquid, affecting the quality of the effluent. Meanwhile, the piston component 5 and the impurity removal component 7 work in a cyclical manner. When the piston component 5 stops working, the interior of the clarification cylinder 1 has a static sedimentation function. At this time, the micro-flocs that have not completely settled continue to slowly sink under the action of gravity, further improving the thoroughness of solid-liquid separation. Meanwhile, the impurity removal component 7 is activated during the static interval of the piston component 5. By precisely controlling the opening and closing rhythm of the inclined plate 74, the time coupling of sedimentation and slag discharge is achieved.

[0028] As another option, the fine filter plate 22 uses a mesh plate with larger filter holes, and then lays multiple layers of filter cloth on it. After a certain amount of filtration is completed, the worker can directly replace the entire set of filter cloth, which ensures both filtration accuracy and ease of maintenance.

[0029] Multiple evenly distributed limiting rods 63 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the first sleeve 61. A first pressure sensor 631 is fixedly installed on the limiting rod 63. Multiple evenly distributed second pressure sensors 632 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first sleeve 61. The first pressure sensor 631 is located directly below the second sleeve 62. Both the first pressure sensor 631 and the second pressure sensor 632 are sealed with rubber sleeves.

[0030] When piston component 5 descends to its limit position, the second sleeve 62 is driven to descend and engage with the limit rod 63. The first pressure sensor 631 is compressed and deformed, triggering the pressure sensor inside the limit rod 63. At this time, the first motor 55 stops working, and the second motor 73 will perform an action of driving the outer cylinder 72 to descend to its maximum position and then rise back to its original position. When the inclined plate 74 descends, it will first lose contact with the second pressure sensor 632. Then, when the inclined plate 74 returns to its original position, it will re-press the second pressure sensor 632. At this time, the second pressure sensor 632 sends a pressure signal, controlling the second motor 73 to stop working, while the first motor 55 is driven to perform an action of rising to its maximum position and then descending, completing a complete filter cake cleaning cycle. No complicated control system is required; it can be used in conjunction with a timer by mechanical transmission to a designated position trigger switch.

[0031] A collection pipe 11 is fixedly installed on one side of the clarification cylinder 1. The collection pipe 11 has suction ports near the first layered filter plate 4 and the second layered filter plate 41. A first sealing plate 111 and a second sealing plate 112 are slidably installed inside the collection pipe 11. Both the first sealing plate 111 and the second sealing plate 112 have flow ports 113. The flow ports 113 on the first sealing plate 111 and the flow ports 113 on the second sealing plate 112 are staggered. A first spring 114 is fixedly connected between the first sealing plate 111 and the collection pipe 11. A sealing block 115 is fixedly installed on one side of the collection pipe 11. A sliding block 116 is slidably installed inside the sealing block 115. The sliding block 116 is used to keep the inside of the clarification cylinder 1 sealed when the baffle 117 slides. A baffle 117 is fixedly installed on the sliding block 116 and extends into the inside of the collection pipe 11.

[0032] Please see Figure 7When the piston component 5 rises to its maximum position, it will push the stop rod 117 to rise. The rise of the stop rod 117 will drive the sliding block 116 and the second sealing plate 112 to rise. When the second sealing plate 112 rises, the flow port 113 will gradually be offset from the flow port 113 on the first sealing plate 111, thus forming a flow channel. At this time, under the action of gravity, the liquid at the first layer filter plate 4 and the second layer filter plate 41 will quickly enter the interior of the collection pipe 11 through the suction port, and pass through the flow port 113 channel and finally enter the fine filter plate 22 from below the collection pipe 11 for filtration. Because the suction port is opened on the lower side of the first layer filter plate 4 and the second layer filter plate 41, the large particle flocs will be periodically collected and transported to ensure that the large particle flocs in the device do not stagnate or accumulate, thereby avoiding blockage and secondary pollution. When the piston component 5 descends, the first spring 114 will push the second sealing plate 112 to re-fit with the first sealing plate 111, and the staggered flow ports 113 above them will seal each other, thereby making the collection tube 11 completely closed. At this time, the liquid flow is completely blocked, and the device enters the static sedimentation stage.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions, comprising a clarification cylinder (1), characterized in that: The clarification cylinder (1) is provided with a collection mechanism (2) for collecting colloidal suspended matter at its lower part. A central component (3) is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the clarification cylinder (1). The central component (3) includes a central tube one (31), a central tube two (32) is fixedly installed on the central tube one (31), and a layering plate one (33) and a layering plate two (34) are fixedly installed on the central tube two (32). A layered filter plate one (4) is fixedly installed on the outside of the layering plate one (33), and the layering plate two (34) is... A layered filter plate (41) is fixedly installed on the outside. Multiple evenly distributed spiral tubes (321) are fixedly installed on the central tube (32). A piston component (5) is installed inside the clarification cylinder (1). The layered filter plate (4), the layered filter plate (41), and the piston component (5) divide the interior of the clarification cylinder (1) into a first chamber (100), a second chamber (200), a third chamber (300), and a fourth chamber (400). The spiral tubes (321) are located inside the second chamber (200).

2. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filtration component (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the clarification cylinder (1). The filtration component (6) includes a first sleeve (61), which is fixedly installed inside the clarification cylinder (1). A second sleeve (62) is slidably mounted inside the first sleeve (61). A second spring (621) is fixedly connected between the second sleeve (62) and the first sleeve (61). A plurality of evenly distributed reflux ports (311) are opened at the bottom of the central tube (31). A fixing member (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central tube (31). A plurality of evenly distributed spring telescopic rods (351) are fixedly installed on the fixing member (35). A sealing inner plate (352) for sealing the reflux ports (311) is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the spring telescopic rod (351).

3. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston component (5) includes a piston body (51), on which a plurality of uniformly distributed infusion ports (52) are provided. A plurality of sealing covers (53) for sealing the infusion ports (52) are slidably installed on the piston body (51). A spring is fixedly connected between the sealing cover (53) and the piston body (51). A plurality of uniformly distributed filtration channels (54) are provided on the lower surface of the piston body (51). The interior of the filtration channels (54) has a partition baffle (541) corresponding to the second sleeve (62).

4. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collection pipe (11) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer side of the clarification cylinder (1). The height of the side of the first layered filter plate (4) and the second layered filter plate (41) near the collection pipe (11) is lower than the height of the side of the first layered filter plate (4) and the second layered filter plate (41) away from the collection pipe (11). The height of the first layered filter plate (4) and the second layered filter plate (41) gradually decreases from the center to the periphery. The collection pipe (11) is provided with suction ports at the positions of the first layered filter plate (4) and the second layered filter plate (41).

5. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sealing plate (111) and the second sealing plate (112) are slidably installed inside the collection tube (11). Both the first sealing plate (111) and the second sealing plate (112) have flow ports (113). The flow ports (113) on the first sealing plate (111) and the flow ports (113) on the second sealing plate (112) are staggered. A first spring (114) is fixedly connected between the first sealing plate (111) and the collection tube (11). A sealing block (115) is fixedly installed on one side of the collection tube (11). A sliding block (116) is slidably installed inside the sealing block (115). A stop bar (117) is fixedly installed on the sliding block (116). The stop bar (117) extends into the inside of the collection tube (11).

6. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collection mechanism (2) includes a collection housing (21), a fine filter plate (22) is fixedly installed inside the collection housing (21), a central support (23) is fixedly installed at the center of the collection housing (21), the middle part of the fine filter plate (22) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the central support (23), and an outlet pipe (8) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the collection housing (21), with the lower end of the collection pipe (11) extending into the interior of the collection housing (21).

7. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 6, characterized in that: Below the filtration component (6) is a cleaning component (7), which includes an inner cylinder (71). The inner cylinder (71) is fixedly installed on the central support (23). An outer cylinder (72) is slidably sleeved on the upper outer end of the inner cylinder (71). A second motor (73) is fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder (71). An inclined plate (74) is fixedly installed on the outer cylinder (72). A leakage hole is opened in the middle of the inclined plate (74). A threaded rod that drives the outer cylinder (72) to rise and fall is fixedly installed on the drive end of the second motor (73). The outer ring height of the inclined plate (74) is greater than the inner ring height.

8. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 7, characterized in that: An overflow hopper (14) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the clarification cylinder (1). The overflow hopper (14) is connected to the first chamber (100). A conveying pipe (15) is fixedly connected between the overflow hopper (14) and the liquid outlet pipe (8). A flocculation pipe (12) and a raw water pipe (13) are fixedly installed on the clarification cylinder (1). The flocculation pipe (12) is connected to the second chamber (200). The raw water pipe (13) is connected to the third chamber (300).

9. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 8, characterized in that: Multiple evenly distributed limiting rods (63) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the first sleeve (61). A first pressure sensor (631) is fixedly installed on the limiting rod (63). Multiple evenly distributed second pressure sensors (632) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first sleeve (61). The first pressure sensor (631) is located directly below the second sleeve (62). Both the first pressure sensor (631) and the second pressure sensor (632) are sealed with rubber sleeves.

10. The high-efficiency clarification device for colloidal suspensions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clarification cylinder (1) is fixedly installed with a plurality of evenly distributed sealing shells (17). A first motor (55) is fixedly installed on the outside of the sealing shell (17). A threaded rod for controlling the lifting and lowering of the ear plate (511) is fixedly installed on the drive end of the first motor (55). The ear plate (511) is slidably locked inside the corresponding sealing shell (17). A breather valve (16) is fixedly installed on the outside of the clarification cylinder (1). The breather valve (16) is connected to the fourth chamber (400).

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