A high-efficiency reduction and precipitation integrated device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an efficient reduction and precipitation integrated device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater, which comprises a shell, a pre-treatment cavity, a precipitation cavity and an overflow cavity which are arranged in the shell, a sealing plate which is fixedly arranged at the top opening of the pre-treatment cavity, a plurality of connecting plates which are installed on the sealing plate, and a plurality of medicament adding mechanisms which are installed on the connecting plates; the application is characterized in that a plurality of types of detection probes are arranged in layers through vertical rods, water quality data of different depths of the wastewater can be collected, the defect of local deviation caused by single-point detection of traditional equipment is effectively overcome, the water quality detection precision is improved, and reliable data basis is provided for medicament adding; in cooperation with the alternating partition plate structure with high-low staggered gaps, the wastewater is made to flow in a circuitous way in the cavity, the water flow path and the reaction time are prolonged, and the mixing reaction of the medicament and the wastewater is fully ensured; meanwhile, through the special detection probes, the medicament adding mechanisms and the closed-loop control system of each process, real-time detection, dynamic quantitative dosing in stages are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a highly efficient integrated reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] The electroplating industry generates large amounts of chromium-containing wastewater during production and processing. The hexavalent chromium ions in this wastewater are highly toxic and corrosive; if discharged directly without effective purification, it will cause water pollution and impact the soil ecosystem. The mainstream treatment approach for chromium-containing wastewater involves reducing, adjusting pH, flocculating, and settling to convert highly toxic hexavalent chromium into less toxic trivalent chromium, achieving solid-liquid separation and ensuring the wastewater meets discharge standards. This process is the core technology for the harmless treatment of chromium-containing electroplating wastewater and is widely used in various electroplating production scenarios.

[0003] Currently, most electroplating wastewater treatment equipment on the market uses integrated simple treatment tanks or segmented treatment equipment, relying on manual experience or fixed parameters to complete the chemical dosing operation. Conventional equipment directly adds reducing agents, pH adjusters, flocculants, and other chemicals into the wastewater treatment tank, using a simple stirring structure to achieve the mixing reaction between the chemicals and the wastewater. Then, the impurities are separated by static sedimentation. The entire set of equipment is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can meet the basic chromium-containing wastewater purification treatment needs, making it suitable for the basic production wastewater treatment scenarios of small and medium-sized electroplating enterprises.

[0004] As shown above, traditional equipment often uses single-point water quality testing, which is prone to localized detection deviations and cannot accurately reflect the overall water quality parameters. The dosage of chemicals is often determined by experience and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to real-time water quality changes at each treatment stage. At the same time, the short water flow path and insufficient chemical mixing and reaction in traditional equipment can easily lead to over- or under-dosing of chemicals. This not only wastes chemicals and increases treatment costs, but also results in incomplete chromium reduction and unstable flocculation and sedimentation effects, making the wastewater treatment substandard.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated device for the efficient reduction and precipitation of chromium-containing electroplating wastewater to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated device for efficient reduction and precipitation of chromium-containing electroplating wastewater. Through dedicated detection probes for each process, reagent addition mechanisms, and a closed-loop control system, it achieves real-time detection and dynamic quantitative dosing in stages, abandoning the traditional experience-based fixed dosing mode and effectively avoiding over- or under-dosing of reagents.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a highly efficient integrated reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater, comprising a shell, a pretreatment chamber, a precipitation chamber, and an overflow chamber opened within the shell, a sealing plate fixedly disposed at the top opening of the pretreatment chamber, multiple connecting plates mounted on the sealing plate, and multiple reagent addition mechanisms mounted on the connecting plates. Multiple partitions one and multiple partitions two are fixedly disposed within the pretreatment chamber, and the partitions one and multiple partitions two are alternately distributed sequentially. The pretreatment chamber is divided into multiple interconnected treatment chambers by the partitions one and partitions two. The reagent addition mechanism includes a cylinder, a hollow rotating shaft, and a stirring impeller. The cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate. A drive assembly for driving the hollow rotating shaft to rotate is installed inside the cylinder. The stirring impeller is fixedly mounted on the hollow rotating shaft, which has multiple spray nozzles. A vertical rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. The vertical rod is located in the treatment chamber and has multiple detection probes fixedly installed on it. The multiple detection probes are equidistantly distributed. Each of the reagent addition mechanisms is used to add a reducing agent, a pH adjuster, and a flocculant, respectively, to sequentially complete the chromium reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation treatment processes of chromium-containing wastewater.

[0008] A further feature of the present invention is that: a notch 1 is provided at the bottom of the partition 1, and a notch 2 is provided at the top of the partition 2, and adjacent processing chambers are connected through the notch 1 or the notch 2.

[0009] A further feature of the present invention is that: a piston is slidably installed inside the cylinder; multiple liquid inlets are provided at the top of the hollow rotating shaft; the inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft is connected to the cylinder through the liquid inlets; the hollow rotating shaft and the cylinder are rotatably engaged; a stopper rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston; the stopper rod penetrates the top wall of the cylinder; and the stopper rod is slidably engaged with the cylinder.

[0010] A further feature of the present invention is that: a plurality of liquid supply components are fixedly provided on the side wall of the housing, and a liquid inlet pipe is provided on the liquid supply components; a liquid inlet hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the cylinder, and a second one-way valve is provided at the liquid inlet hole; the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder through the second one-way valve; and a first one-way valve is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft.

[0011] A further feature of the present invention is that each connecting plate is provided with two cylinders, a support cross plate is fixedly installed between two adjacent cylinders, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the support cross plate, a drive rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder, and the two ends of the drive rod are respectively fixedly connected to the top ends of two piston rods.

[0012] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the drive assembly includes a lead screw, a nut, and a reducer; the reducer is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder cavity; the hollow rotating shaft, the high-speed end and the low-speed end of the reducer, the lead screw, the nut, and the piston rod are all coaxially arranged; the top end of the hollow rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the high-speed end of the reducer; the bottom end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the low-speed end of the reducer; the piston rod is hollow; the nut is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston rod cavity; the top end of the lead screw passes through the nut and extends into the piston rod cavity; and the nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0013] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the liquid supply assembly includes a liquid storage tank and a liquid infusion tube, the liquid storage tank is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing, one end of the liquid infusion tube is connected to the liquid inlet tube, and the other end of the liquid infusion tube extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank.

[0014] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: a pressure boosting cylinder is fixedly mounted on the hollow rotating shaft, the pressure boosting cylinder is disposed in the processing chamber, the bottom of the pressure boosting cylinder has multiple through holes, the hollow rotating shaft has multiple connecting ports, the connecting ports are connected to the top of the inner cavity of the pressure boosting cylinder, a piston two is slidably installed inside the pressure boosting cylinder, the hollow rotating shaft passes through the piston two, the piston two is elastically connected to the top wall of the pressure boosting cylinder by a spring, a traction rope is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the piston two, the top end of the traction rope passes through the top wall of the pressure boosting cylinder, and a traction block is fixedly connected to the top end of the traction rope.

[0015] A further feature of the present invention is that: a water inlet is provided at the top of the front wall of the housing, the water inlet is connected to the pretreatment chamber, a transfer pipe is provided on the side of the pretreatment chamber away from the water inlet, a drain box is provided at the bottom end of the transfer pipe, a plurality of diversion holes are provided on the bottom wall of the drain box, and the drain box is located at the top of the inner cavity of the sedimentation chamber.

[0016] A further feature of the present invention is that: a sedimentation inclined tube is provided inside the sedimentation chamber, a sedimentation zone is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, a sewage discharge port one is connected to one side of the sedimentation zone, a sewage discharge port two is connected to one side of the bottom of the overflow chamber, a drain outlet is connected to one side of the top of the overflow chamber, and an overflow collection trough is fixedly provided on the top side of the inner cavity of the sedimentation chamber away from the drain box.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By deploying multiple types of detection probes in layers on uprights, the present invention can collect water quality data at different depths of wastewater, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional single-point detection with localized deviations, improving water quality detection accuracy, and providing reliable data for reagent dosing; combined with an alternating baffle structure with staggered high and low gaps, the wastewater flows meanderingly within the chamber, extending the water flow path and reaction time, ensuring sufficient mixing and reaction between the reagent and wastewater; simultaneously, through dedicated detection probes for each process, reagent addition mechanisms, and a closed-loop control system, it achieves phased real-time detection and dynamic quantitative dosing, abandoning the traditional experience-based fixed dosing mode, effectively avoiding over- or under-dosing of reagents, reducing reagent loss and treatment costs while ensuring sufficient reduction of hexavalent chromium and stable formation of chromium-based flocs. Combining step-by-step pretreatment, uniform water distribution, and multi-stage steady-flow sedimentation structure, it can efficiently complete the reduction of hexavalent chromium and solid-liquid separation, completely solving the shortcomings of traditional equipment such as incomplete reduction, poor flocculation and sedimentation effect, and unstable effluent quality, and greatly improving the reduction and sedimentation treatment effect and overall treatment stability of electroplating chromium-containing wastewater. This invention utilizes a combination structure of piston one with one-way valve one and one-way valve two to achieve automatic negative pressure replenishment and quantitative pressurized injection of the agent. Combined with a cylinder-linked, synchronous operation design, it can precisely control the piston's lifting stroke, enabling fine-tuning of the agent dosage. Through the coaxial linkage of the lead screw, ball bearing nut, and reducer, the linear lifting motion of the piston rod is converted into the high-speed rotation of the hollow shaft, allowing the agent to be sprayed evenly as the shaft rotates, significantly improving the uniformity of agent dispersion. Simultaneously, it allows for time-sharing between spraying and pure stirring modes, continuously stirring the water during non-dosing phases to further enhance the mixing reaction between the agent and wastewater. Furthermore, by setting differentiated agent concentration ratios in the upstream and downstream storage tanks, it can adapt to the control requirements of micro-dosing at the downstream stage, improving the precision of agent fine-tuning while ensuring the effective rotation and stirring time of the shaft, further stabilizing the reduction and flocculation reaction effects of each process, and improving the overall operational stability and processing accuracy of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the sealing plate and the drug addition mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of partition one and partition two of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage box and transfer pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid supply assembly and the drug addition mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow rotating shaft and stirring impeller of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston rod, nut, and piston of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the drug addition mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Pretreatment chamber; 102. Sedimentation chamber; 103. Overflow chamber; 104. Water inlet; 105. Sedimentation zone; 106. Drainage port one; 107. Drainage port two; 108. Drain outlet; 2. Partition one; 201. Notch one; 3. Partition two; 301. Notch two; 4. Sealing plate; 5. Chemical addition mechanism; 501. Cylinder; 502. Plug rod; 503. Drive rod; 504. Support plate; 505. Cylinder; 506. Piston one; 507. Lead screw; 508. Reducer; 509. Hollow shaft 5091, Liquid Inlet; 5092, Liquid Sprayer; 5093, Connecting Port; 510, One-Way Valve I; 511, One-Way Valve II; 512, Liquid Inlet Pipe; 513, Stirring Impeller; 514, Nut; 6, Liquid Supply Assembly; 601, Liquid Storage Tank; 602, Liquid Delivery Pipe; 603, Cover; 7, Connecting Plate; 8, Vertical Rod; 9, Detection Probe; 10, Sedimentation Inclined Tube; 11, Overflow Collection Tank; 12, Transfer Pipe; 13, Drainage Box; 1301, Diverter Hole; 14, Pressure Boosting Cylinder; 15, Piston II; 16, Spring; 17, Traction Rope; 18, Traction Block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please see Figures 1-9In this embodiment of the invention, a highly efficient integrated reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater includes a housing 1, a pretreatment chamber 101, a precipitation chamber 102, and an overflow chamber 103 opened within the housing 1, a sealing plate 4 fixedly disposed at the top opening of the pretreatment chamber 101, multiple connecting plates 7 mounted on the sealing plate 4, and multiple reagent adding mechanisms 5 mounted on the connecting plates 7. Multiple partitions 1 2 and multiple partitions 2 3 are fixedly disposed within the pretreatment chamber 101, and the partitions 1 2 and multiple partitions 2 3 alternately divide the wastewater. The pretreatment chamber 101 is divided into multiple interconnected treatment chambers by partition 2 and partition 3. The agent addition mechanism 5 includes a cylinder 501, a hollow rotating shaft 509, and a stirring impeller 513. The cylinder 501 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate 7. A drive assembly for driving the hollow rotating shaft 509 to rotate is provided inside the cylinder 501. The stirring impeller 513 is fixedly fitted on the hollow rotating shaft 509. Multiple spray nozzles 5092 are opened on the hollow rotating shaft 509. The lower surface of the connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to... The system includes a support pole 8, which is installed within the treatment chamber. Multiple detection probes 9 are fixedly mounted on the support pole 8 and are equidistantly distributed. Each of the reagent addition mechanisms 5 is used to add a reducing agent, pH adjuster, and flocculant, respectively, to sequentially complete the chromium reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation treatment processes for chromium-containing wastewater. The detection probes 9 are used to detect the chromium reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation processes to calculate the specific amount of reagents needed for subsequent additions. At least nine reagent addition mechanisms 5 are provided, meaning at least three are configured for each process. For each treatment process, based on the detection results of the detection probes 9 in the previous treatment chamber, the amount of reagent to be added by the next reagent addition mechanism 5 is determined, achieving precise reagent addition. The equipment arranges various detection probes 9 in layers at different heights on the support pole 8, enabling simultaneous collection of water quality data from different depths of wastewater within the treatment chamber. This allows for comprehensive calculation of the overall average concentration of various water parameters, effectively avoiding errors caused by localized detection, significantly improving the accuracy of water quality detection, and providing reliable data support for subsequent reagent addition.

[0022] The entire treatment process is tailored to different treatment stages, using corresponding detection probes 9 and reagent types to achieve a phased detection and quantitative dosing operation mode, ensuring stable and controllable treatment effects at each stage. Specifically, the chromium reduction stage is equipped with a hexavalent chromium detection probe 9, along with commonly used reducing agents such as sodium sulfite and sodium metabisulfite, which can fully reduce the highly toxic hexavalent chromium ions in the wastewater to the less toxic and more easily precipitated trivalent chromium ions. In the pH adjustment stage, a pH detection probe 9 is used, and adjusting agents such as sodium hydroxide and dilute sulfuric acid are added according to the actual acidity or alkalinity of the water body to precisely adjust the pH value of the wastewater, creating suitable water quality conditions for subsequent chromium ion precipitation and flocculation reactions. In the flocculation stage, turbidity detection probes 9 and heavy metal residue detection probes 9 are used, along with flocculants such as polyacrylamide and polyaluminum chloride, to effectively adsorb dispersed trivalent chromium precipitates and fine suspended impurities in the water body, promoting the rapid aggregation and agglomeration of various impurities for subsequent sedimentation and separation.

[0023] The device adopts a multi-chamber, step-by-step treatment method. Relying on the corresponding detection data before and after each chamber, it guides the precise addition of subsequent reagents. The entire wastewater treatment process is continuous and operates in a closed loop. Electroplating chromium-containing wastewater flows through the interconnected chambers inside the pretreatment chamber 101. Before the wastewater enters the corresponding treatment process, the detection probe 9 installed in the pre-treatment chamber will collect key water quality parameters such as hexavalent chromium content, pH value, turbidity, and heavy metal residue in real time. Based on the actual detection data, the amount of reagents required for subsequent processes is accurately calculated, avoiding blind dosing based on experience. In actual operation, during the chromium reduction treatment stage, the device adjusts the dosage of the corresponding reagent addition mechanism 5 based on the real water quality data collected by the front-end hexavalent chromium detection probe 9. The reagent is evenly sprayed into the water through the spray nozzle 5092 of the hollow rotating shaft 509, while the impeller 513 continuously stirs the water to ensure that the reducing agent and the chromium-containing wastewater are fully in contact and mixed to ensure that the hexavalent chromium in the wastewater can be completely reduced. The wastewater that has completed the reduction reaction automatically flows into the next stage chamber, where the pH detection probe 9 detects the current acidity and alkalinity of the water in real time. Based on the detected pH value, the system matches the corresponding dosage of acid-base adjuster and completes the pH fine-tuning of the water quality through the corresponding reagent addition mechanism 5, stabilizing the acidity and alkalinity of the water within the required range for the process, laying a good foundation for subsequent flocculation and sedimentation. After pH adjustment, the wastewater continues to flow into the flocculation treatment section. In this section, the turbidity and heavy metal residue detection probe 9 monitors the water's impurity content in real time, precisely controlling the flocculant dosage based on this information. After the flocculant is added to the water, it is thoroughly mixed with the stirring structure, causing free chromium precipitates and fine suspended particles in the water to quickly agglomerate into flocs that are easy to settle. The wastewater, having completed all pretreatment processes including reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation, finally enters the sedimentation chamber 102 for settling. After the solid impurities in the water have fully settled, the bottom sludge is effectively separated from the water, and the clean supernatant overflows into the overflow chamber 103, completing the entire wastewater purification process. This device, through graded detection and on-demand dosing, effectively avoids over- or under-dosing of chemicals, steadily improving the overall treatment effect and efficiency of electroplating chromium-containing wastewater.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, the bottom of the partition 2 is provided with a notch 201, and the top of the partition 3 is provided with a notch 301. Adjacent processing chambers are connected by notches 201 or 301. Since notch 201 is located at the bottom of the pre-processing chamber 101 and notch 301 is located at the top of the pre-processing chamber 101, the water flow direction is opposite in the two adjacent processing chambers, which makes the water flow meander in the pre-processing chamber 101. This makes the flow path of the liquid in the pre-processing chamber 101 longer, so that the agent can fully react in each processing chamber.

[0025] In this embodiment, preferably, a piston 506 is slidably mounted inside the cylinder 501, and the top of the hollow rotating shaft 509 has multiple liquid inlets 5091. The inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft 509 is connected to the cylinder 501 through the liquid inlets 5091. The hollow rotating shaft 509 and the cylinder 501 are rotatably engaged and subjected to rotational sealing treatment. A stopper rod 502 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the piston 506, and the stopper rod 502 penetrates the cylinder 501. The top wall of the housing 1 is fitted with a stopper rod 502 that slides with the cylinder 501; multiple liquid supply components 6 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 1, and liquid supply components 6 are connected to liquid inlet pipes 512; a liquid inlet hole is opened on one side of the bottom of the cylinder 501, and a one-way valve 511 is installed at the liquid inlet hole; the liquid inlet pipe 512 is connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder 501 through the one-way valve 511; a one-way valve 510 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft 509. Valve 2 511 allows the agent in the liquid supply assembly 6 to enter the cylinder 501 through the inlet pipe 512, while the agent in the cylinder 501 cannot flow back into the liquid supply assembly 6 through the inlet pipe 512. Check valve 1 510 allows the agent in the cylinder 501 to enter the hollow shaft 509 through the inlet port 5091, while the agent in the hollow shaft 509 cannot flow back into the cylinder 501 through check valve 1 510, thus causing the stopper rod 50... When piston 506 moves downward, the agent in cylinder 501 is fed into hollow shaft 509 through inlet 5091, and then sprayed into processing chamber through spray nozzle 5092 on hollow shaft 509. When piston rod 502 moves piston 506 upward, under negative pressure, agent in supply assembly 6 is drawn into cylinder 501 through inlet pipe 512 and check valve 510 to replenish agent in cylinder 501.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, each connecting plate 7 is provided with two cylinders 501, and a support cross plate 504 is fixedly installed between two adjacent cylinders 501. A cylinder 505 is fixedly installed on the support cross plate 504, and a drive rod 503 is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder 505. The two ends of the drive rod 503 are respectively fixedly connected to the top ends of two stoppers 502. The extension and retraction of the output end of the cylinder 505 can drive the drive rod 503 to rise and fall, thereby driving the stoppers 502 to rise and fall, and thus controlling the movement of the stoppers 502.

[0027] In this embodiment, preferably, the drive assembly includes a lead screw 507, a nut 514, and a reducer 508. The reducer 508 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder 501. The hollow rotating shaft 509, the high-speed end and low-speed end of the reducer 508, the lead screw 507, the nut 514, and the piston rod 502 are all coaxially arranged. The top end of the hollow rotating shaft 509 is fixedly connected to the high-speed end of the reducer 508, and the bottom end of the lead screw 507 is fixedly connected to the low-speed end of the reducer 508. The piston rod 502 is hollow, and the nut 514 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston rod 502. The top end of the lead screw 507 passes through the nut 514 and extends into the inner cavity of the piston rod 502, and the nut 514 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 507. The nut 514 is a ball bearing nut, which can reduce the weight of the nut. The friction between nut 514 and lead screw 507 causes nut 514 to rotate when it moves up and down. When stopper rod 502 moves up and down, it drives nut 514 to move up and down, which in turn drives lead screw 507 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the low-speed end of reducer 508 to rotate, allowing the high-speed end of reducer 508 to rotate at a higher speed. This, in turn, drives hollow shaft 509 to rotate at a better speed, allowing the agent to be sprayed out through spray nozzle 5092, thereby improving the dispersion effect of the agent. When piston 1 506 moves downward, spray nozzle 5092 sprays the agent while stirring impeller 513 rotates. When piston 2 15 moves upward, spray nozzle 5092 does not spray the agent, but stirring impeller 513 continues to rotate to continue stirring and ensure the mixing effect.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, the liquid supply assembly 6 includes a liquid storage tank 601 and an infusion tube 602. The liquid storage tank 601 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 1. One end of the infusion tube 602 is connected to the inlet tube 512, and the other end of the infusion tube 602 extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank 601. The liquid storage tank 601 is provided with a replenishment port, and a cap 603 is provided on the replenishment port. In use, the medicine is added into the liquid storage tank 601 through the replenishment port, and the piston 506... When moving upwards, under the action of negative pressure, the agent in the storage tank 601 is drawn into the inlet pipe 512 through the infusion pipe 602, and then enters the cylinder 501 through the one-way valve 511. It should be noted that the storage tanks 601 are filled with different concentrations of the same agent. The concentration of the agent in the storage tanks 601 at the end of the process is lower, which makes it easier to control the amount of agent added in the subsequent process, and ensures that the hollow rotating shaft 509 can rotate a sufficient number of revolutions to ensure the stirring effect of the stirring impeller 513.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, a water inlet 104 is provided on the top of the front wall of the housing 1, and the water inlet 104 is connected to the pretreatment chamber 101. A transfer pipe 12 is connected to the side of the pretreatment chamber 101 away from the water inlet 104, and a drain box 13 is connected to the bottom end of the transfer pipe 12. The bottom wall of the drain box 13 has multiple diversion holes 1301, and the drain box 13 is located at the top of the inner cavity of the sedimentation chamber 102. A sedimentation inclined tube 10 is provided in the sedimentation chamber 102, and a sedimentation area 105 is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 102. A sewage discharge port 106 is connected to one side of the sedimentation area 105, and a sewage discharge port 201 is connected to one side of the bottom of the overflow chamber 103. 7. A drain outlet 108 is connected to one side of the top of the overflow chamber 103, and an overflow collection tank 11 is fixedly installed on the top side of the sedimentation chamber 102 away from the drain box 13. Electroplating chromium-containing wastewater flows smoothly into the pretreatment chamber 101 through the water inlet 104 at the top front of the shell 1. After undergoing chromium reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation pretreatment in multiple chambers within the pretreatment chamber 101, the water is uniformly guided and transported to the drain box 13 above the sedimentation chamber 102 through the transfer pipe 12. The wastewater finally flows out through multiple evenly distributed diversion holes 1301 on the bottom wall of the drain box 13, which can effectively avoid water flow turbulence and floc breakage caused by concentrated water impact, and achieve... The water distribution is uniform; the diverted wastewater slowly fills the sedimentation chamber 102, and efficient solid-liquid separation is achieved by the sedimentation inclined tube 10 inside the sedimentation chamber 102. Chromium flocs and solid impurities carried in the water gradually settle to the sedimentation zone 105 at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 102 under the action of gravity, and accumulate. The accumulated sludge can be periodically discharged and cleaned through the sewage outlet 106 on the side of the sedimentation zone 105, and the sludge and water are completely separated. The separated clean water flows upward along the sedimentation chamber 102, and is collected and guided by the overflow collection tank 11 at the top of the sedimentation chamber 102 before flowing into the overflow chamber 103. The overflow chamber 103 can perform secondary stabilization sedimentation on the purified water, intercepting residual trace suspended impurities, and the small amount of fine particles accumulated at the bottom. Sludge fragments and accumulated water can be discharged through the sewage outlet 107, and the final qualified clean water is stably discharged through the drain outlet 108 at the top of the overflow chamber 103. The entire process of effluent, sedimentation, water collection and drainage is connected and operates stably, which greatly improves the solid-liquid separation effect of chromium-containing wastewater and the stability of effluent water quality. The overflow collection tank 11 adopts a structure with a closed bottom and an open top, which can uniformly, steadily and fully cover the supernatant rising from the sedimentation chamber 102 to collect water, effectively balancing the cross-sectional water flow and preventing local flow deviation and short flow. At the same time, it can prevent the flocculent impurities stirred up at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 102 from entering the effluent end, playing a role in stabilizing the flow, equalizing the water, and secondary filtration, ensuring stable and clear effluent water quality.

[0030] The device relies on a control module and equidistantly layered detection probes 9 on each upright 8 to form a closed-loop control system. The layered hexavalent chromium detection probes 9, pH detection probes 9, and turbidity detection probes 9 synchronously collect water quality parameters at different water depths in each treatment chamber, avoiding single-point detection errors. The control module summarizes and analyzes the average water quality data, combining it with the process thresholds of chromium reduction, pH adjustment, and flocculation, to calculate and match the dosage of reagents added by the reagent addition mechanism 5 at each stage in real time. Based on the calculation results, the control module precisely controls the extension and retraction stroke and operating frequency of the cylinders 505 at each workstation, thereby adjusting the lifting and lowering amplitude of the stopcock 502 and piston 506, precisely... The device controls the single-time agent extraction and injection output of cylinder 501, and simultaneously adjusts the rotation speed of hollow shaft 509 in conjunction with the drive assembly consisting of lead screw 507, nut 514 and reducer 508. This ensures that the agent is evenly sprayed through spray nozzle 5092. Furthermore, the downstream process storage tank 601 adopts a low-concentration agent ratio design, which, combined with the micro-adjustment logic of the control module, further improves the precision of agent fine-tuning. This enables graded, quantitative, and precise dosing operations that dynamically adapt the downstream agent dosage based on real-time water quality changes in the upstream stage, completely solving the problems of excessive or insufficient agent dosing in traditional experience-based dosing, and ensuring stable reaction effects in each treatment process.

[0031] Example 2: Please see Figure 10In another embodiment of the drug addition mechanism 5, in addition to the structure of the drug addition mechanism 5 described above, a pressure boosting cylinder 14 is fixedly mounted on the hollow rotating shaft 509. The pressure boosting cylinder 14 is disposed in the processing chamber. Multiple through holes are opened at the bottom of the pressure boosting cylinder 14, allowing it to communicate with the processing chamber. Multiple connecting ports 5093 are opened on the hollow rotating shaft 509, connecting to the top of the inner cavity of the pressure boosting cylinder 14. A piston 2 15 is slidably installed inside the pressure boosting cylinder 14. The hollow rotating shaft 509 passes through the piston 2 15. The piston 2 15 is elastically connected to the top wall of the pressure boosting cylinder 14 via a spring 16. A traction rope 17 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the piston 2 15. The top end of the traction rope 17 passes through the top wall of the pressure boosting cylinder 14, and a traction block 18 is fixedly connected to the top end of the traction rope 17. The traction block 18 is preferably made of a high-density metal material. Made of copper and stainless steel; when the hollow rotating shaft 509 is stationary, under the elastic action of the spring 16, the piston 15 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder 14. Through the setting of the connecting port 5093, the agent can be filled into the pressure cylinder 14. When the hollow rotating shaft 509 starts to rotate, the pressure cylinder 14 rotates together, causing the traction block 18 to move outward under the action of centrifugal force, thereby overcoming the elastic force of the spring 16 and pulling the piston 15 upward. This allows the agent in the pressure cylinder 14 to enter the hollow rotating shaft 509 through the connecting port 5093 and then be output through the spray port 5092. Through the setting of the pressure cylinder 14, the speed at which the agent is sprayed out of the spray port 5092 is accelerated when the hollow rotating shaft 509 just starts to rotate, thereby accelerating the agent addition speed in the initial stage to improve efficiency. At the same time, the greater pressure can effectively prevent impurities from clogging the spray port 5092.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included in the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency reduction and precipitation integrated device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater, comprising a shell (1), a pretreatment chamber (101), a precipitation chamber (102), and an overflow chamber (103) opened within the shell (1), a sealing plate (4) fixedly disposed at the top opening of the pretreatment chamber (101), a plurality of connecting plates (7) mounted on the sealing plate (4), and a plurality of reagent adding mechanisms (5) mounted on the connecting plates (7), characterized in that: The pretreatment chamber (101) is fixedly provided with multiple partitions 1 (2) and multiple partitions 2 (3), which are arranged alternately in sequence. The pretreatment chamber (101) is divided into multiple interconnected treatment chambers by the partitions 1 (2) and partitions 2 (3). The agent addition mechanism (5) includes a cylinder (501), a hollow rotating shaft (509), and a stirring impeller (513). The cylinder (501) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate (7). The cylinder (501) is provided with a mechanism for driving the hollow rotating shaft (509). The rotating drive assembly has an impeller (513) fixedly mounted on a hollow shaft (509). The hollow shaft (509) has multiple spray nozzles (5092). The lower surface of the connecting plate (7) is fixedly connected to a vertical rod (8). The vertical rod (8) is set in the treatment chamber. Multiple detection probes (9) are fixedly installed on the vertical rod (8). The multiple detection probes (9) are equidistantly distributed. Each of the reagent addition mechanisms (5) is used to add reducing agent, pH adjuster and flocculant respectively, so as to complete the chromium reduction, pH adjustment and flocculation treatment process of chromium-containing wastewater in sequence.

2. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of partition 1 (2) has a notch 1 (201), and the top of partition 2 (3) has a notch 2 (301). Adjacent processing chambers are connected through notch 1 (201) or notch 2 (301).

3. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (506) is slidably installed inside the cylinder (501). The top of the hollow rotating shaft (509) is provided with multiple liquid inlets (5091). The inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft (509) is connected to the cylinder (501) through the liquid inlets (5091). The hollow rotating shaft (509) and the cylinder (501) are rotatably engaged. A stopper rod (502) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the piston (506). The stopper rod (502) penetrates the top wall of the cylinder (501) and is slidably engaged with the cylinder (501).

4. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple liquid supply components (6) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing (1). A liquid inlet pipe (512) is connected to the liquid supply component (6). A liquid inlet hole is opened on one side of the bottom of the cylinder (501). A one-way valve (511) is installed at the liquid inlet hole. The liquid inlet pipe (512) is connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder (501) through the one-way valve (511). A one-way valve (510) is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the hollow rotating shaft (509).

5. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each connecting plate (7) is provided with two cylinders (501), and a support cross plate (504) is fixedly installed between two adjacent cylinders (501). A cylinder (505) is fixedly installed on the support cross plate (504), and a drive rod (503) is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder (505). The two ends of the drive rod (503) are respectively fixedly connected to the top ends of two piston rods (502).

6. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a lead screw (507), a nut (514), and a reducer (508). The reducer (508) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder (501). The hollow shaft (509), the high-speed end and the low-speed end of the reducer (508), the lead screw (507), the nut (514), and the piston rod (502) are all coaxially arranged. The top end of the hollow shaft (509) is fixedly connected to the high-speed end of the reducer (508), and the bottom end of the lead screw (507) is fixedly connected to the low-speed end of the reducer (508). The piston rod (502) is hollow. The nut (514) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston rod (502). The top end of the lead screw (507) passes through the nut (514) and extends into the inner cavity of the piston rod (502), and the nut (514) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (507).

7. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid supply assembly (6) includes a liquid storage tank (601) and a liquid infusion tube (602). The liquid storage tank (601) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing (1). One end of the liquid infusion tube (602) is connected to the liquid inlet tube (512), and the other end of the liquid infusion tube (602) extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tank (601).

8. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure booster cylinder (14) is fixedly mounted on the hollow rotating shaft (509). The pressure booster cylinder (14) is located in the processing chamber. Multiple through holes are opened at the bottom of the pressure booster cylinder (14). Multiple connecting ports (5093) are opened on the hollow rotating shaft (509). The connecting ports (5093) are connected to the top of the inner cavity of the pressure booster cylinder (14). A piston (15) is slidably installed inside the pressure booster cylinder (14). The hollow rotating shaft (509) passes through the piston (15). The piston (15) is elastically connected to the top wall of the pressure booster cylinder (14) through a spring (16). A traction rope (17) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the piston (15). The top end of the traction rope (17) passes through the top wall of the pressure booster cylinder (14), and a traction block (18) is fixedly connected to the top end of the traction rope (17).

9. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the front wall of the housing (1) is provided with a water inlet (104), which is connected to the pretreatment chamber (101). A transfer pipe (12) is connected to the side of the pretreatment chamber (101) away from the water inlet (104). A drain box (13) is connected to the bottom end of the transfer pipe (12). Multiple diversion holes (1301) are opened on the bottom wall of the drain box (13). The drain box (13) is located at the top of the inner cavity of the sedimentation chamber (102).

10. The integrated high-efficiency reduction and precipitation device for electroplating chromium-containing wastewater according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sedimentation chamber (102) is provided with a sedimentation inclined tube (10), the bottom of the sedimentation chamber (102) is provided with a sedimentation area (105), one side of the sedimentation area (105) is connected to a sewage discharge port one (106), one side of the bottom of the overflow chamber (103) is connected to a sewage discharge port two (107), one side of the top of the overflow chamber (103) is connected to a drain outlet (108), and an overflow collection tank (11) is fixedly provided on the side of the top of the sedimentation chamber (102) away from the drain box (13).

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