Sewage treatment method and system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production

Abstract

The application discloses a sewage treatment method and system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupling electrolysis hydrogen production, which comprises a mobile sewage treatment vehicle and a fixed water collecting and energy storage station. The vehicle is provided with a high-level water inlet buffer tank, a membrane aerated bio-reactor and a low-level water outlet buffer tank, and gravity self-flowing water inlet and outlet are realized by using the height difference of the vehicle body. The raw water pool temporarily stores the sewage of a region and supplies the vehicle, and the treated reclaimed water is stored in the clean water pool and then used for electrolysis hydrogen production; oxygen generated by electrolysis is returned to the membrane aerated bio-reactor through an oxygen storage tank for oxygen supply, and hydrogen is stored in a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. A self-cleaning unit is arranged in the membrane aerated bio-reactor, an elastic bellows is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank through a control valve, the hydrogen pressure is used to drive a scraper to move along the surface of a membrane assembly to realize cleaning, and the moving frequency and amplitude of the scraper automatically change with the renewable energy generation cycle. The application has the advantages of low energy consumption and high automation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural wastewater treatment and renewable energy utilization technology, specifically to a wastewater treatment method and system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, centralized, stationary wastewater treatment plants remain the primary mode of rural wastewater treatment in some areas. However, this model has significant limitations in actual operation and maintenance. Rural populations exhibit typical spatial distribution characteristics, and adopting a centralized wastewater treatment model requires the construction of large-scale, long-distance wastewater collection pipeline systems, with construction costs reaching 50%-70% of the total investment, placing a huge economic burden on rural wastewater treatment. Simultaneously, rural wastewater discharge is significantly intermittent and random, easily leading to imbalances in the operating conditions of the treatment system. This not only increases the technical difficulty and labor costs of equipment operation and maintenance but also directly results in inconsistent effluent quality, severely impacting treatment efficiency.

[0003] Furthermore, existing centralized wastewater treatment plants are not well-suited to the resource endowments and ecological characteristics of rural areas. On the one hand, renewable energy utilization is insufficient, and energy supply remains highly dependent on the traditional power grid, which increases operating energy costs and wastes renewable energy resources. On the other hand, traditional aeration and sludge treatment processes are characterized by high carbon emissions, exacerbating carbon emissions.

[0004] Membrane bioreactors (MBRs), as a highly efficient wastewater treatment technology, are increasingly widely used in small-scale integrated systems. However, membrane modules are susceptible to fouling due to contaminant adhesion during operation, requiring regular chemical or manual cleaning. Existing membrane fouling control methods mainly rely on periodic backwashing or chemical cleaning, which suffers from drawbacks such as high maintenance costs, complex operation, and the need for shutdown for treatment, especially in rural areas lacking professional maintenance personnel.

[0005] Existing technologies have attempted to combine photovoltaic power generation with wastewater treatment to reduce energy consumption, or to combine electrolytic hydrogen production with wastewater treatment to achieve energy recovery. However, most existing solutions are fixed facilities, which are difficult to adapt to the actual needs of decentralized collection and mobile treatment of rural wastewater. At the same time, the oxygen and hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production are usually stored and sold as independent products, failing to form a closed loop with the oxygen supply and equipment maintenance needs in the wastewater treatment process.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a system that can adapt to the decentralized and mobile treatment needs of rural sewage, while achieving low-energy operation, automated maintenance of membrane modules, and deep coupling of sewage treatment with clean energy production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment method and system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production, which solves the problems of high equipment energy consumption, easy fouling of membrane modules requiring frequent manual maintenance, low resource utilization rate of treated reclaimed water, and inability to coordinate wastewater treatment and energy production when dealing with decentralized, small-volume, and highly fluctuating rural wastewater.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production, comprising:

[0009] A mobile sewage treatment vehicle, including a vehicle body, on which the following are fixedly installed:

[0010] A high-level water inlet buffer tank includes a first tank body, which is fixed to the top of the vehicle body. The first tank body is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet.

[0011] The membrane aerated bioreactor is provided with a second inlet, a third outlet and a membrane chamber air inlet. The second inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through a first gravity flow pipeline.

[0012] The low-level outlet buffer tank includes a second tank body, which is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body. The second tank body is provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet. The second inlet is connected to the third outlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through a second gravity flow pipe.

[0013] Fixed water collection and storage stations include:

[0014] The raw water tank has a fifth outlet, which is connected to the first inlet of the first box through a first detachable pipe. It is used to temporarily store rural sewage collected in the area and supply water to the mobile sewage treatment vehicle.

[0015] The clear water tank is equipped with a third inlet and an outlet. The third inlet is connected to the fourth outlet of the second tank through a second detachable pipe. It is used to receive and store the reclaimed water treated by the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0016] An electrolytic cell is provided with a fourth water inlet, an anode gas outlet and a cathode gas outlet. The fourth water inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the clear water tank and is used to electrolyze the reclaimed water in the clear water tank to generate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0017] An oxygen storage tank is provided with a fifth inlet and a sixth outlet. The fifth inlet is connected to the anode outlet of the electrolytic cell, and the sixth outlet is connected to the membrane inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline. The storage tank is used to store oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell and supply oxygen to the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0018] A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is provided with a sixth water inlet, which is connected to the cathode outlet of the electrolyzer and is used to store the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer.

[0019] A renewable energy power generation device, the power output terminal of which is connected to the power input terminal of the electrolytic cell;

[0020] A membrane module self-cleaning unit is installed inside the membrane aeration bioreactor and includes an elastic bellows and a scraper; one end of the elastic bellows is fixed to the membrane module frame of the membrane aeration bioreactor, and the other end is connected to the scraper; the inner cavity of the elastic bellows is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank through a control valve and a connecting gas pipe.

[0021] The connecting gas pipe is equipped with a pressure reducing valve to reduce the hydrogen pressure output from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the rated working pressure of the flexible bellows; both the connecting gas pipe and the flexible bellows are sealed structures, and the inner cavity volume of the flexible bellows is 10-50mL.

[0022] The control valve is a mechanical pressure control valve, and its opening pressure threshold and closing pressure threshold are set by a preset spring preload.

[0023] When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper resets.

[0024] The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the moving frequency and moving amplitude of the scraper change automatically with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

[0025] Furthermore, the mobile sewage treatment vehicle also includes:

[0026] A biological contact oxidation tank is provided between the high-level inlet buffer tank and the membrane aeration bioreactor. The biological contact oxidation tank is provided with a seventh inlet and an eighth outlet. The seventh inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through a third gravity flow pipe, and the eighth outlet is connected to the second inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through a fourth gravity flow pipe.

[0027] The inner wall of the biological contact oxidation tank and / or the inner wall of the high-level inlet buffer tank are covered with a buffer layer, which is an elastic porous packing layer used to absorb the shock load caused by fluctuations in the inlet water volume.

[0028] Furthermore, a gas-liquid separator, a demister, a dryer, and a back pressure regulator are sequentially connected between the cathode outlet of the electrolytic cell and the sixth water inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

[0029] The gas-liquid separator is used to separate electrolyte droplets entrained in hydrogen gas, the demister is used to remove electrolyte droplets that remain in hydrogen gas after the initial separation by the gas-liquid separator, the dryer is used to remove water vapor, and the back pressure regulator is used to control the hydrogen output pressure and maintain the stability of the cathode side pressure of the electrolytic cell.

[0030] The bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided with an alkali return port, which is connected to the alkali circulation pipeline of the electrolytic cell through a pipe for recovering the separated electrolyte.

[0031] The heat source for the dryer is the excess electrical energy generated by the renewable energy power generation device or the waste heat generated by the electrolytic cell.

[0032] Furthermore, there are multiple mobile sewage treatment vehicles, which are managed in a unified manner through a remote dispatch system and rotate between sewage collection points in various areas.

[0033] The remote dispatching system is used to construct a dispatching decision model. This model dynamically plans vehicle dispatching routes and dwell periods based on the wastewater generation in each area, the remaining battery power of vehicles, the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the operating status of the membrane aeration bioreactor, as detailed below:

[0034] The amount of wastewater generated is characterized by the liquid level height or flow sensor data of the wastewater collection tanks in each area;

[0035] The remaining battery power of the vehicle is represented by the remaining state of charge fed back by the on-board battery management system;

[0036] The hydrogen pressure is characterized by real-time data from the pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

[0037] The operating status of the membrane aerated bioreactor is characterized by dissolved oxygen sensor or aeration pressure sensor data.

[0038] The scheduling decision model outputs the optimal scheduling path and dwell period for each vehicle by minimizing the vehicle's empty driving mileage, maximizing the continuous operating time of the membrane aerated bioreactor, and balancing the overflow risk of the sewage collection tanks in each area.

[0039] When a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle meets any of the following triggering conditions, the remote dispatch system sends a return command to the vehicle's onboard controller:

[0040] The pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank detects a value that reaches the preset full storage pressure threshold.

[0041] The remaining state of charge reported by the vehicle battery management system is lower than a preset low battery threshold.

[0042] After receiving the return command, the vehicle controller drives the mobile sewage treatment vehicle to automatically return to the fixed water collection and energy storage station. It then uses an automatic docking device to transport hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the high-pressure hydrogen receiving pipeline of the fixed water collection and energy storage station, and simultaneously replenishes the power supply to the renewable energy power generation device through the charging interface.

[0043] Furthermore, on the oxygen supply pipeline between the sixth outlet of the oxygen storage tank and the air inlet of the membrane cavity of the membrane aeration bioreactor, a pressure gauge, a regulating valve and a check valve are sequentially installed in the direction of oxygen flow.

[0044] The pressure gauge is used to monitor the oxygen pressure in the oxygen supply pipeline in real time and transmit the pressure signal to the vehicle controller.

[0045] The regulating valve is an electric regulating valve. The vehicle controller outputs an opening control command to the electric regulating valve based on the feedback signal from the dissolved oxygen concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or the preset aeration sequence, so as to automatically adjust the oxygen supply flow rate.

[0046] The check valve is used to prevent sewage or mixed liquor from flowing back into the oxygen supply pipeline due to pressure fluctuations inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or during shutdown conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, the bottom region of the membrane aerated bioreactor is provided with a first circulation port, which is connected to a second circulation port in the top region of the membrane aerated bioreactor via a self-circulating pipeline.

[0048] The self-circulating pipeline is equipped with a circulation pump, which is used to lift the concentrated sludge deposited at the bottom of the membrane aerated bioreactor to the top of the membrane aerated bioreactor, so that the concentrated sludge is mixed with the influent from the high-level influent buffer tank and then re-enters the membrane module area for aeration treatment.

[0049] The starting and stopping of the circulation pump is automatically controlled by the vehicle controller based on the feedback signal from the sludge concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor. The circulation pump is started when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is higher than a first preset concentration threshold, and the circulation pump is stopped when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is lower than a second preset concentration threshold.

[0050] Furthermore, a differential pressure sensor is provided between the air inlet and the air outlet of the membrane chamber of the membrane aeration bioreactor. The differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane module in real time and transmit the transmembrane pressure difference signal to the vehicle controller.

[0051] The vehicle controller has a first preset differential pressure threshold and a second preset differential pressure threshold for transmembrane pressure difference, wherein the first preset differential pressure threshold is lower than the second preset differential pressure threshold.

[0052] When the transmembrane pressure difference is lower than the first preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling level is mild and maintains the current opening frequency of the control valve.

[0053] When the transmembrane pressure difference rises to between the first preset pressure difference threshold and the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is moderate, increases the opening frequency of the control valve or extends the single opening duration, so as to increase the number of times or the travel distance of the scraper.

[0054] When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches or exceeds the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is severe, outputs a fouling alarm signal, and increases the opening frequency of the control valve to the maximum value until the transmembrane pressure difference falls back below the first preset pressure difference threshold.

[0055] The opening frequency and opening duration of the control valve are adjusted by adding a bypass solenoid valve connected in parallel with the control valve.

[0056] Furthermore, an anti-siphon valve is provided on the flow pipeline and / or the second gravity flow pipeline. The anti-siphon valve is located upstream or downstream of the membrane aeration bioreactor and is used to automatically introduce air to disrupt the siphon state in the pipeline when the vehicle body tilts or when negative pressure occurs in the first gravity flow pipeline or the second gravity flow pipeline, so as to prevent sewage from flowing back or overflowing from the high-level inlet buffer tank or the membrane aeration bioreactor in an uncontrolled state.

[0057] The first tank of the high-level inlet buffer tank is equipped with an overflow pipe. One end of the overflow pipe opens at the preset highest liquid level of the first tank, and the other end is connected to the second tank of the low-level outlet buffer tank or directly connected to the third outlet pipe of the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0058] When the liquid level in the first tank exceeds the preset maximum liquid level, the excess sewage is directly discharged into the low-level outlet buffer tank through the overflow pipe.

[0059] Furthermore, the membrane module self-cleaning unit also includes a spare flexible bellows and a switching valve. The spare flexible bellows is arranged in parallel with the flexible bellows and is fixed on the membrane module frame. The inner cavity of the spare flexible bellows is connected to the connecting air pipe through the switching valve.

[0060] Both the outer walls of the elastic bellows and the spare elastic bellows are equipped with strain sensors. The strain sensors are used to detect the strain changes of the bellows in real time and transmit the strain signals to the vehicle controller.

[0061] The vehicle controller is preset with a first strain threshold and a second strain threshold, wherein the second strain threshold is higher than the first strain threshold.

[0062] When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the first strain threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a warning signal;

[0063] When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the second strain threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the elastic bellows is at risk of rupture or has already ruptured, and automatically drives the switching valve to cut off the air path of the elastic bellows and connect the air path of the backup elastic bellows, so that the backup elastic bellows can replace the elastic bellows to continue driving the scraper to move.

[0064] The connecting gas pipe is also equipped with a hydrogen leak detection sensor, which is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline in real time. When the detected hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safe concentration threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a leak alarm signal and controls the solenoid valve on the connecting gas pipe to automatically cut off the gas supply.

[0065] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment method based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production. The method is applicable to the wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in the first aspect of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: The rural sewage temporarily stored in the raw water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station is supplied to the first tank of the high-level water inlet buffer tank of the mobile sewage treatment vehicle through the first detachable pipeline.

[0067] S2: The wastewater in the first tank enters the membrane aeration bioreactor by gravity through the first gravity flow pipe, taking advantage of the height difference between the top and bottom of the vehicle body.

[0068] S3: Wastewater entering the membrane aerated bioreactor comes into contact with microorganisms attached to the surface of the membrane module and undergoes aerobic biodegradation treatment under the action of oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply pipeline in the oxygen storage tank. The treated reclaimed water enters the second tank of the low-level effluent buffer tank by gravity through the second gravity flow pipeline.

[0069] S4: The regenerated water in the second tank is transported to the clear water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station through the second detachable pipeline;

[0070] S5: The reclaimed water in the clear water tank enters the electrolysis cell and is electrolyzed using electricity provided by the renewable energy power generation device to generate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0071] S6: The oxygen generated at the anode of the electrolytic cell is temporarily stored in an oxygen storage tank and then transported to the membrane inlet of the membrane aerated bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline to supplement the dissolved oxygen required for aerobic degradation by microorganisms in step S3.

[0072] S7: Hydrogen generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer is transported to a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for storage. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold of the mechanical pressure control valve, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold of the control valve, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper returns to its original position. The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the movement frequency and amplitude of the scraper automatically change with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

[0073] Unlike existing technologies, the above technical solution provides a wastewater treatment method and system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolysis for hydrogen production, including a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle and a fixed water collection and storage station. The vehicle is equipped with a high-level inlet buffer tank, a membrane aerated bioreactor, and a low-level effluent buffer tank, utilizing the vehicle's height difference to achieve gravity-fed inflow and outflow. The fixed station includes a raw water tank, a clear water tank, an electrolyzer, an oxygen storage tank, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The raw water tank temporarily stores wastewater from the area and supplies it to the vehicle; the treated reclaimed water enters the clear water tank for storage and is then used for electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The oxygen generated by electrolysis is returned to the membrane aerated bioreactor via the oxygen storage tank, and the hydrogen is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The membrane aerated bioreactor is equipped with a self-cleaning unit consisting of an elastic bellows and scrapers. The elastic bellows are connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank via a control valve, and the hydrogen pressure drives the scrapers to move along the surface of the membrane module for cleaning. The frequency and amplitude of the scraper movement automatically change with the renewable energy power generation cycle. This invention achieves deep integration of wastewater treatment, clean energy production, and membrane module self-cleaning, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, no chemicals required, and high degree of automation.

[0074] The above description of the invention is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and to implement it based on the description and drawings, and to make the above-mentioned objectives and other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with the specific embodiments and drawings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0075] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, features, and effects of specific embodiments of the present invention and other related contents, and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention.

[0076] In the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual:

[0077] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production, as described in a specific implementation.

[0078] Figure 2 A flowchart of a wastewater treatment method based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production is included in the specific implementation.

[0079] The reference numerals used in the above figures are explained as follows:

[0080] 101. Original pool;

[0081] 102. High-level water inlet buffer tank;

[0082] 103. Membrane aerated bioreactor;

[0083] 104. Low-level water outlet buffer tank;

[0084] 105. Clear pool;

[0085] 106. Electrolytic cell;

[0086] 107. Oxygen storage tank;

[0087] 108. Membrane cavity air inlet;

[0088] 109. High-pressure hydrogen storage tank;

[0089] 110. Connect the airway;

[0090] 111. Flexible bellows;

[0091] 112. Scraper;

[0092] 113. Control valve;

[0093] 114. Pressure reducing valve;

[0094] 115. Renewable energy power generation equipment;

[0095] 116. First detachable piping;

[0096] 117. First gravity flow pipeline;

[0097] 118. Second gravity flow pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0098] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this invention in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this invention and are therefore intended only as examples, not as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0099] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this invention, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.

[0100] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0101] In the description of this invention, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.

[0102] In this invention, terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy, or order between these entities or operations.

[0103] Without further limitations, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar open-ended expressions in this invention is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.

[0104] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this invention, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0105] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the spatial related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of the present invention or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0106] Unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this invention, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral arrangement; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0107] Please see Figure 1 In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production, comprising:

[0108] A mobile sewage treatment vehicle, including a vehicle body, on which the following are fixedly installed:

[0109] The high-level water inlet buffer tank 102 includes a first tank body, which is fixed to the top of the vehicle body. The first tank body is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet.

[0110] The membrane aerated bioreactor 103 is provided with a second inlet, a third outlet and a membrane chamber air inlet. The second inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through the first gravity flow pipe 117.

[0111] The low-level outlet buffer tank 104 includes a second tank body, which is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body. The second tank body is provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet. The second inlet is connected to the third outlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor via the second gravity flow pipe 118.

[0112] Fixed water collection and storage stations include:

[0113] The raw water tank 101 is equipped with a fifth outlet, which is connected to the first inlet of the first box via the first detachable pipe 116. It is used to temporarily store rural sewage collected in the area and supply water to the mobile sewage treatment vehicle.

[0114] The clear water tank 105 is provided with a third inlet and an outlet. The third inlet is connected to the fourth outlet of the second tank through a second detachable pipe, and is used to receive and store the reclaimed water treated by the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0115] The electrolytic cell 106 is provided with a fourth water inlet, an anode gas outlet and a cathode gas outlet. The fourth water inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the clear water tank and is used to electrolyze the reclaimed water in the clear water tank as raw material to generate hydrogen and oxygen.

[0116] The oxygen storage tank 107 is provided with a fifth inlet and a sixth outlet. The fifth inlet is connected to the anode outlet of the electrolytic cell, and the sixth outlet is connected to the membrane inlet 108 of the membrane aeration bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline to store the oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell and supply oxygen to the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0117] The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 109 is provided with a sixth water inlet, which is connected to the cathode outlet of the electrolyzer and is used to store the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer.

[0118] The power output terminal of the renewable energy power generation device 115 is connected to the power input terminal of the electrolytic cell;

[0119] A membrane module self-cleaning unit is installed inside the membrane aeration bioreactor and includes an elastic bellows 111 and a scraper 112. One end of the elastic bellows is fixed to the membrane module frame of the membrane aeration bioreactor, and the other end is connected to the scraper. The inner cavity of the elastic bellows is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank through a control valve 113 and a connecting gas pipe 110.

[0120] The connecting gas pipe is equipped with a pressure reducing valve 114, which is used to reduce the hydrogen pressure output from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the rated working pressure of the elastic bellows; both the connecting gas pipe and the elastic bellows are sealed structures, and the inner cavity volume of the elastic bellows is 10-50mL.

[0121] The control valve is a mechanical pressure control valve, and its opening pressure threshold and closing pressure threshold are set by a preset spring preload.

[0122] When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper resets.

[0123] The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the moving frequency and moving amplitude of the scraper change automatically with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

[0124] In some embodiments, a mobile sewage treatment vehicle refers to a mobile sewage treatment equipment that uses a special engineering vehicle as its carrier and modularly integrates the core sewage treatment unit onto the vehicle body. It has the ability to drive autonomously, move quickly, connect flexibly, and operate independently, and can adapt to the needs of rural roads and dispersed deployment sites.

[0125] The high-level inlet buffer tank refers to the first tank fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body. It utilizes the height of the vehicle body to generate high potential energy, providing power for the gravity flow of sewage. At the same time, it plays a role in temporarily storing and equalizing the fluctuations in inlet flow and water quality, ensuring the stability of inlet water for subsequent treatment units.

[0126] The membrane aerated bioreactor (MABR) adopts bubble-free membrane aeration technology. The inside of the membrane filament is an oxygen channel, and the outside is a biofilm zone. Oxygen diffuses from the membrane cavity into the liquid phase in molecular form to supply microorganisms. It does not require traditional aeration and stirring, has high oxygen utilization, low sludge production, and strong shock resistance, and is the core treatment unit of this system.

[0127] The low-level outlet buffer tank refers to the second tank fixedly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body. It is used to collect and temporarily store the reclaimed water after deep treatment by MABR, balance the outlet flow, and provide stable output conditions for the reclaimed water to be returned to the fixed water collection and storage station.

[0128] Fixed water collection and energy storage stations refer to fixed infrastructures deployed in various rural areas, which include five functional modules: sewage collection and storage, reclaimed water storage, electrolytic hydrogen production, gas storage, and renewable energy power generation, providing water, energy, and product storage support for the entire system.

[0129] Renewable energy power generation devices include distributed photovoltaic modules and small wind turbines, which can be installed on the roofs of rural buildings, the tops of pools, and idle open spaces to convert solar and wind energy into electrical energy and provide zero-carbon electricity for electrolyzers.

[0130] The membrane module self-cleaning unit refers to a mechanical membrane fouling control device driven by hydrogen pressure. It consists of an elastic bellows, scraper, mechanical pressure control valve, pressure reducing valve, and connecting gas pipe. It does not require an external power supply or transmission mechanism and achieves automatic cleaning by relying on the system's own hydrogen pressure.

[0131] The system in this embodiment consists of two main components: a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle and a fixed water collection and storage station. The two components are connected and separated quickly via detachable pipelines, forming an integrated system of "mobile treatment, stationary hydrogen production, energy self-sufficiency, and resource recycling." The specific working principle is as follows:

[0132] The raw water tank of the fixed water collection and storage station is used to collect and temporarily store rural domestic sewage in the area. The fifth outlet of the raw water tank is connected to the first inlet of the high-level inlet buffer tank of the mobile sewage treatment vehicle through the first detachable pipeline. The sewage enters the first tank for temporary storage under gravity. Since the high-level inlet buffer tank is installed on the top of the vehicle and the low-level outlet buffer tank is installed at the bottom of the vehicle, there is a fixed height difference between the two. The sewage can flow from the first outlet of the high-level inlet buffer tank into the second inlet of the membrane aerated bioreactor through the first gravity flow pipeline without the need for a water pump. In the membrane aerated bioreactor, the sewage comes into contact with the high-efficiency microbial membrane on the surface of the membrane module and undergoes an aerobic biodegradation reaction under the oxygen supply condition of the membrane cavity, removing pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen. The treated reclaimed water flows from the third outlet of the membrane aerated bioreactor into the second inlet of the low-level outlet buffer tank through the second gravity flow pipeline, completing the on-board purification process.

[0133] The reclaimed water in the low-level effluent buffer tank is returned from the fourth outlet to the clear water tank of the fixed water collection and storage station via the second detachable pipeline. The reclaimed water in the clear water tank serves as the feedstock for electrolysis, entering the electrolyzer from the outlet. Green electricity output from the renewable energy power generation unit is connected to the electrolyzer's power supply terminal, driving the electrolysis reaction to decompose the reclaimed water into hydrogen and oxygen. The high-purity oxygen generated at the anode enters the oxygen storage tank from the anode outlet, and the hydrogen generated at the cathode enters the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank from the cathode outlet.

[0134] Oxygen from the oxygen storage tank is delivered to the membrane inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor via an oxygen supply pipeline, providing a stable, high-concentration oxygen source for microbial respiration and significantly improving bioreactor efficiency. The membrane module self-cleaning unit is installed inside the membrane aeration bioreactor. One end of the flexible bellows is fixed to the membrane module frame, and the other end is rigidly connected to the scraper. The inner cavity of the flexible bellows is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank via a connecting pipe, a pressure reducing valve, and a mechanical pressure control valve. Both the connecting pipe and the flexible bellows are sealed structures, and the inner volume of the flexible bellows is controlled between 10-50 mL to ensure fast drive response and low gas consumption. The opening and closing pressures of the mechanical pressure control valve are set by the internal spring preload, eliminating the need for electronic adjustment. When the pressure inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank exceeds the opening threshold, the control valve automatically opens. High-pressure hydrogen gas, after being reduced to the rated working pressure of the flexible bellows by the pressure reducing valve, enters the inner cavity, pushing the bellows to expand axially. This, in turn, causes the scraper to move smoothly along the surface of the membrane module frame, scraping away sludge, colloids, and other contaminants adhering to the membrane surface. When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank drops below the closing threshold, the control valve automatically closes, and the flexible bellows contracts and resets under its own elasticity, with the scraper returning to its initial position. Because renewable energy power generation is intermittent (sunlight and wind power fluctuate over time), the electrolysis hydrogen production rate changes periodically in sync with the hydrogen storage tank pressure. The expansion amplitude of the flexible bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure, allowing the scraper's movement frequency and stroke to adapt to the power generation cycle, achieving intelligent self-cleaning that matches the energy supply rhythm.

[0135] This embodiment addresses the pain points of dispersed rural sewage treatment, high pipeline investment, high operation and maintenance costs, and high energy consumption through its mobile, gravity-fed, coupled hydrogen and oxygen production and supply, and hydrogen-driven self-cleaning design. The system eliminates the need for large-scale pipeline construction, effectively reducing investment costs; the entire process relies on gravity flow, eliminating inlet and outlet booster pumps and significantly reducing operating power consumption; the byproduct oxygen from electrolysis is directly reused in the MABR, improving oxygen utilization and eliminating the need for traditional aeration equipment; membrane self-cleaning relies entirely on the system's self-generated hydrogen pressure, requiring no additional energy consumption, no chemical additions, and no complex transmission mechanisms, significantly reducing membrane fouling rates and maintenance costs; and renewable energy provides power throughout the process, achieving zero-carbon operation of both sewage treatment and hydrogen production, thus combining environmental and economic benefits.

[0136] In some embodiments, the mobile wastewater treatment vehicle further includes:

[0137] A biological contact oxidation tank is provided between the high-level inlet buffer tank and the membrane aeration bioreactor. The biological contact oxidation tank is provided with a seventh inlet and an eighth outlet. The seventh inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through a third gravity flow pipe, and the eighth outlet is connected to the second inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through a fourth gravity flow pipe.

[0138] The inner wall of the biological contact oxidation tank and / or the inner wall of the high-level inlet buffer tank are covered with a buffer layer, which is an elastic porous packing layer used to absorb the shock load caused by fluctuations in the inlet water volume.

[0139] In this embodiment, the biological contact oxidation tank refers to a pretreatment unit set between the high-level influent buffer tank and the membrane aeration bioreactor. The tank is filled with elastic porous packing material, which provides a large number of attachment sites for microorganisms to form a biofilm, and performs primary degradation and buffering homogenization of sewage.

[0140] The buffer layer refers to the elastic porous packing layer installed on the inner wall of the biological contact oxidation tank and the inner wall of the high-level inlet buffer tank. It has three functions: hydraulic buffering, flow equalization, and microbial attachment. It can effectively absorb the hydraulic shock and load fluctuation caused by the intermittent discharge of rural sewage.

[0141] This embodiment adds a biological contact oxidation tank to a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle and installs a buffer layer on the inner wall of the tank and the elevated inlet buffer tank. The first outlet of the elevated inlet buffer tank is connected to the seventh inlet of the biological contact oxidation tank via a third gravity flow pipeline, allowing wastewater to enter the biological contact oxidation tank for pretreatment. The buffer layer is an elastic porous packing structure. On the one hand, through material deformation and pore damping, it absorbs the hydraulic shock caused by sudden increases and decreases in influent flow, preventing the water flow from directly impacting the subsequent membrane modules. On the other hand, it provides a large attachment surface area for microorganisms, allowing the biofilm to grow rapidly on the packing surface, initially adsorbing, degrading, and retaining organic matter and suspended solids in the wastewater, reducing the concentration of pollutants in the effluent. After pretreatment and buffering, the wastewater flows smoothly into the membrane aerated bioreactor (MABR) from the eighth outlet of the biological contact oxidation tank via a fourth gravity flow pipeline, making the water quality and quantity entering the MABR more stable and significantly reducing the organic and hydraulic loads of the MABR.

[0142] The combined design of the biological contact oxidation tank and the buffer layer gives the system stronger resistance to fluctuations in water quality and quantity, making it particularly suitable for the intermittent and random discharge characteristics of rural sewage. Pretreatment effectively reduces the MABR load, decreases the rate of fouling deposition on the membrane surface, and extends the service life of the membrane modules. The buffer layer serves as both a hydraulic buffer and a biological carrier, simplifying the system structure, improving space utilization, and further enhancing the operational stability and treatment efficiency of the vehicle-mounted system.

[0143] In some embodiments, a gas-liquid separator, a demister, a dryer, and a back pressure regulator are sequentially connected between the cathode outlet of the electrolytic cell and the sixth water inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

[0144] The gas-liquid separator is used to separate electrolyte droplets entrained in hydrogen gas, the demister is used to remove electrolyte droplets that remain in hydrogen gas after the initial separation by the gas-liquid separator, the dryer is used to remove water vapor, and the back pressure regulator is used to control the hydrogen output pressure and maintain the stability of the cathode side pressure of the electrolytic cell.

[0145] The bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided with an alkali return port, which is connected to the alkali circulation pipeline of the electrolytic cell through a pipe for recovering the separated electrolyte.

[0146] The heat source for the dryer is the excess electrical energy generated by the renewable energy power generation device or the waste heat generated by the electrolytic cell.

[0147] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separator refers to a primary purification device that uses the principles of gravity sedimentation or centrifugal separation to separate a large number of electrolyte droplets entrained in the hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis.

[0148] The demister uses a wire mesh or baffle structure to remove micron-sized electrolyte droplets from hydrogen gas, preventing trace amounts of alkaline solution from entering subsequent storage units.

[0149] The dryer uses waste heat or waste electricity as a heat source to deeply remove water vapor from hydrogen, ensuring that the hydrogen dew point meets the requirements for high-pressure storage and commercial hydrogen.

[0150] A back pressure regulator is a valve device that automatically maintains a stable hydrogen output pressure, ensuring a constant pressure on the cathode side of the electrolyzer, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency and operational safety.

[0151] The alkali reflux port refers to the reflux interface located at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator, which sends the separated and collected electrolyte back to the electrolytic cell circulation pipeline to achieve electrolyte reuse.

[0152] In this embodiment, a gas-liquid separator, a demister, a dryer, and a back pressure regulator are connected in series between the cathode outlet of the electrolyzer and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, forming a three-stage hydrogen purification and pressure stabilization system. The hydrogen produced by electrolysis first enters the gas-liquid separator. Under the action of gravity or centrifugal force, large electrolyte droplets quickly settle to the bottom of the separator and flow back to the electrolyzer's alkali circulation system through the alkali return port, achieving electrolyte recycling. The partially dehydrated hydrogen continues to enter the demister, where residual fine droplets are removed through interception and collision, preventing alkali salt crystallization from clogging the pipelines and the hydrogen storage tank. Subsequently, the hydrogen enters the dryer, where the heating source uses excess electricity from a renewable energy power generation device or waste heat generated by the electrolyzer. This deeply removes water vapor and lowers the hydrogen dew point without increasing system energy consumption. Finally, the hydrogen is output through the back pressure regulator, maintaining a constant hydrogen pressure entering the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. This ensures stable internal pressure within the electrolyzer, improving electrolysis efficiency, and prevents pressure fluctuations from impacting the hydrogen storage tank.

[0153] Electrolyte recirculation significantly reduces reagent replenishment and lowers operating costs; waste heat and electricity drive drying, enabling tiered energy utilization and further improving energy efficiency; back pressure stabilization ensures stable operation of the electrolyzer and enhances system safety and reliability.

[0154] In some embodiments, there are multiple mobile sewage treatment vehicles, which are managed in a unified manner through a remote dispatch system and rotate between sewage collection points in different areas.

[0155] The remote dispatching system is used to construct a dispatching decision model. This model dynamically plans vehicle dispatching routes and dwell periods based on the wastewater generation in each area, the remaining battery power of vehicles, the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the operating status of the membrane aeration bioreactor, as detailed below:

[0156] The amount of wastewater generated is characterized by the liquid level height or flow sensor data of the wastewater collection tanks in each area;

[0157] The remaining battery power of the vehicle is represented by the remaining state of charge fed back by the on-board battery management system;

[0158] The hydrogen pressure is characterized by real-time data from the pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

[0159] The operating status of the membrane aerated bioreactor is characterized by dissolved oxygen sensor or aeration pressure sensor data.

[0160] The scheduling decision model outputs the optimal scheduling path and dwell period for each vehicle by minimizing the vehicle's empty driving mileage, maximizing the continuous operating time of the membrane aerated bioreactor, and balancing the overflow risk of the sewage collection tanks in each area.

[0161] When a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle meets any of the following triggering conditions, the remote dispatch system sends a return command to the vehicle's onboard controller:

[0162] The pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank detects a value that reaches the preset full storage pressure threshold.

[0163] The remaining state of charge reported by the vehicle battery management system is lower than a preset low battery threshold.

[0164] After receiving the return command, the vehicle controller drives the mobile sewage treatment vehicle to automatically return to the fixed water collection and energy storage station. It then uses an automatic docking device to transport hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the high-pressure hydrogen receiving pipeline of the fixed water collection and energy storage station, and simultaneously replenishes the power supply to the renewable energy power generation device through the charging interface.

[0165] In this embodiment, the remote dispatch system refers to a central control platform based on the Internet of Things, big data, and intelligent optimization algorithms, which can collect, analyze, and make decisions on the operating status of multiple mobile vehicles in real time, achieving full coverage, efficient dispatch, and unmanned operation.

[0166] The scheduling decision model refers to an intelligent decision-making model that takes sewage volume, vehicle battery power, hydrogen pressure, and MABR operating status as input parameters, and aims to optimize minimum empty mileage, maximum equipment utilization, and minimum overflow risk.

[0167] An automatic docking device refers to a mechanical and pipeline docking mechanism with positioning, sealing, and rapid connection functions, which can automatically complete hydrogen unloading and power resupply docking after the vehicle returns.

[0168] In this embodiment, the system is configured with multiple mobile wastewater treatment vehicles, which are managed uniformly by a remote dispatch system. The system collects four types of key data in real time: wastewater generation is represented by the liquid level and flow sensor data of the wastewater collection tanks in each area; the remaining power of the vehicle is represented by the state of charge (SOC) fed back by the on-board battery management system (BMS); the hydrogen storage is represented by the real-time data of the pressure sensor of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; and the operating status of the treatment unit is represented by the dissolved oxygen and aeration pressure sensor data inside the MABR. The dispatch decision model performs real-time fusion calculations on the above data, and dynamically generates the optimal operating area, driving route, and dwell time for each vehicle with the goal of "minimizing empty driving mileage, maximizing continuous MABR operation time, and balancing the overflow risk of wastewater tanks in each area", thus realizing multi-vehicle rotation operation and full coverage. When a vehicle meets any of the following conditions: the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the full storage threshold, or the on-board battery power is lower than the low power threshold, the remote dispatch system immediately sends an automatic return command to the on-board controller; the vehicle autonomously drives back to the fixed water collection and energy storage station, completes the hydrogen unloading and charging interface docking through the automatic docking device, and uses the renewable energy power generation device for rapid power replenishment. After the replenishment is completed, it is reintegrated into the dispatch cycle to achieve 24-hour uninterrupted operation.

[0169] Intelligent multi-vehicle scheduling can significantly improve equipment utilization, allowing a small number of vehicles to cover large rural areas and reduce overall investment; intelligent decision-making models take into account efficiency, energy consumption, and safety, achieving optimal operation and maintenance; automatic return, automatic resupply, and automatic docking greatly reduce manual intervention, lower the labor costs of operation and maintenance in rural areas, and achieve long-term stable operation.

[0170] In some embodiments, a pressure gauge, a regulating valve, and a check valve are sequentially installed on the oxygen supply pipeline between the sixth outlet of the oxygen storage tank and the air inlet of the membrane cavity of the membrane aeration bioreactor, in the direction of oxygen flow.

[0171] The pressure gauge is used to monitor the oxygen pressure in the oxygen supply pipeline in real time and transmit the pressure signal to the vehicle controller.

[0172] The regulating valve is an electric regulating valve. The vehicle controller outputs an opening control command to the electric regulating valve based on the feedback signal from the dissolved oxygen concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or the preset aeration sequence, so as to automatically adjust the oxygen supply flow rate.

[0173] The check valve is used to prevent sewage or mixed liquor from flowing back into the oxygen supply pipeline due to pressure fluctuations inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or during shutdown conditions.

[0174] In this embodiment, the pressure gauge refers to a monitoring instrument that collects the oxygen pressure in the oxygen supply pipeline in real time, providing data for flow regulation.

[0175] An electric regulating valve is an actuator that receives signals from the vehicle controller, continuously adjusts the opening, and precisely controls the oxygen supply flow.

[0176] A check valve is a safety protection valve that allows only one-way flow of oxygen and prevents backflow of the liquid phase.

[0177] In this embodiment, a pressure gauge, an electric regulating valve, and a check valve are sequentially installed along the oxygen flow direction on the oxygen supply pipeline from the oxygen storage tank to the membrane aerated bioreactor. The pressure gauge collects the pipeline pressure in real time and uploads it to the on-board controller, forming a pressure monitoring closed loop. The on-board controller outputs a 4-20mA analog or digital opening command to the electric regulating valve based on the real-time signal from the dissolved oxygen concentration sensor inside the MABR or a preset time-series aeration strategy, dynamically adjusting the oxygen flow to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the reactor within the optimal range, ensuring both the microbial degradation requirements and avoiding waste caused by excessive oxygen supply. The check valve is installed near the air inlet of the membrane chamber. When the pressure inside the MABR exceeds the pressure in the oxygen supply pipeline due to sludge deposition, shutdown, etc., the check valve automatically closes, strictly preventing wastewater and mixed liquor from flowing back into the oxygen supply pipeline, oxygen storage tank, and regulating valve, preventing equipment contamination, blockage, and damage.

[0178] Through the above solutions, oxygen is supplied precisely on demand, improving resource utilization and reducing ineffective energy consumption; multiple monitoring and automatic adjustment enhance the system's intelligence level; and check valves form the last link in safety protection, preventing liquid backflow from causing equipment failure and improving the long-term operational reliability of the system.

[0179] In some embodiments, the bottom region of the membrane aerated bioreactor is provided with a first circulation port, which is connected to a second circulation port in the top region of the membrane aerated bioreactor via a self-circulating pipeline.

[0180] The self-circulating pipeline is equipped with a circulation pump, which is used to lift the concentrated sludge deposited at the bottom of the membrane aerated bioreactor to the top of the membrane aerated bioreactor, so that the concentrated sludge is mixed with the influent from the high-level influent buffer tank and then re-enters the membrane module area for aeration treatment.

[0181] The starting and stopping of the circulation pump is automatically controlled by the vehicle controller based on the feedback signal from the sludge concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor. The circulation pump is started when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is higher than a first preset concentration threshold, and the circulation pump is stopped when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is lower than a second preset concentration threshold.

[0182] In this embodiment, the self-circulating pipeline refers to a dedicated circulation pipeline connecting the bottom and top of the membrane aerated bioreactor, used for sludge return and mixing homogenization.

[0183] A circulating pump is a low-head, high-flow pump set that provides power for sludge return.

[0184] A sludge concentration sensor is an online monitoring device that monitors the concentration of suspended solids (MLSS) in the mixed liquor of a reactor in real time.

[0185] The vehicle controller refers to the central control unit in a vehicle that integrates data acquisition, logic judgment, and equipment control.

[0186] The working principle of the solution involved in this implementation is as follows: The membrane aerated bioreactor (MABR) is equipped with a first circulation port at the bottom and a second circulation port at the top, which are connected by a self-circulating pipeline with a circulation pump installed on the pipeline. During long-term operation, microorganisms and suspended solids will accumulate at the bottom of the reactor, forming concentrated sludge, resulting in excessively high biomass at the bottom and insufficient biomass at the top, affecting the uniformity and efficiency of treatment. A sludge concentration sensor monitors the sludge concentration inside the reactor in real time and transmits the signal to the on-board controller. When the concentration exceeds a first preset concentration threshold (high concentration), the controller automatically starts the circulation pump to lift the concentrated sludge deposited at the bottom to the top of the reactor. After being thoroughly mixed with fresh influent flowing in from the high-level influent buffer tank, the sludge re-enters the membrane module area for aeration and biological reaction, ensuring a uniform distribution of sludge concentration along the height of the reactor. When the sludge concentration drops to a second preset concentration threshold (low concentration), the controller automatically stops the circulation pump to avoid excessive circulation that would lead to energy waste and sludge shearing.

[0187] Sludge self-circulation can effectively prevent bottom sludge deposition and anaerobic decomposition, maintain a uniform distribution of microbial biomass in the reactor, and improve pollutant degradation efficiency and system stability; the circulation pump can be automatically started and stopped according to the sludge concentration to achieve intelligent energy-saving operation, reduce unnecessary energy consumption, and extend the continuous operation time of the system.

[0188] In some embodiments, a differential pressure sensor is provided between the membrane chamber inlet and the membrane chamber outlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor. The differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane module in real time and transmit the transmembrane pressure difference signal to the vehicle controller.

[0189] The vehicle controller has a first preset differential pressure threshold and a second preset differential pressure threshold for transmembrane pressure difference, wherein the first preset differential pressure threshold is lower than the second preset differential pressure threshold.

[0190] When the transmembrane pressure difference is lower than the first preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling level is mild and maintains the current opening frequency of the control valve.

[0191] When the transmembrane pressure difference rises to between the first preset pressure difference threshold and the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is moderate, increases the opening frequency of the control valve or extends the single opening duration, so as to increase the number of times or the travel distance of the scraper.

[0192] When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches or exceeds the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is severe, outputs a fouling alarm signal, and increases the opening frequency of the control valve to the maximum value until the transmembrane pressure difference falls back below the first preset pressure difference threshold.

[0193] The opening frequency and opening duration of the control valve are adjusted by adding a bypass solenoid valve connected in parallel with the control valve.

[0194] In this embodiment, the differential pressure sensor is a high-precision sensor that monitors the transmembrane pressure difference (TMP) between the inlet and outlet of the membrane module in real time, and is a core indicator for judging the degree of membrane fouling.

[0195] A bypass electric control valve is an electric valve connected in parallel with a mechanical pressure control valve, used to assist in adjusting the cleaning frequency and duration.

[0196] Membrane fouling levels are classified into three levels—slight, moderate, and severe—based on the transmembrane pressure difference, each corresponding to a different cleaning strategy.

[0197] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: A differential pressure sensor is installed between the air inlet and outlet of the membrane chamber of the membrane aerated bioreactor to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference in real time and upload the data to the on-board controller. The controller has two preset differential pressure thresholds: a first preset threshold (mild contamination) and a second preset threshold (severe contamination). When the transmembrane pressure difference is below the first threshold, membrane contamination is determined to be mild, and the system maintains the existing mechanical pressure control valve opening frequency, with the scraper cleaning at a normal rhythm. When the pressure difference rises to between the first and second thresholds, it is determined to be moderate contamination. The controller activates the bypass solenoid valve, increasing the valve opening frequency or extending the single opening time, increasing the number of scraper movements and stroke, and enhancing the cleaning effect. When the pressure difference reaches or exceeds the second threshold, it is determined to be severe contamination. The controller immediately outputs a contamination alarm signal and adjusts the bypass solenoid valve opening frequency to the maximum, continuously performing high-intensity cleaning until the transmembrane pressure difference falls back to the mild contamination range. The entire process achieves a closed loop of "monitoring-judgment-adjustment," dynamically adjusting the cleaning strategy according to the actual degree of contamination.

[0198] The above solution precisely adjusts the cleaning intensity according to the membrane fouling level, avoiding energy waste or insufficient cleaning caused by fixed-frequency cleaning; intelligent closed-loop control can effectively delay the aggravation of membrane fouling, extend the service life of membrane modules, and reduce replacement costs; automatic alarms facilitate timely intervention by operation and maintenance personnel to handle extreme fouling situations and ensure stable system operation.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first gravity flow pipeline and / or the second gravity flow pipeline are provided with an anti-siphon valve. The anti-siphon valve is located upstream or downstream of the membrane aeration bioreactor and is used to automatically introduce air to disrupt the siphon state in the pipeline when the vehicle body tilts or when negative pressure occurs in the first gravity flow pipeline or the second gravity flow pipeline, so as to prevent sewage from flowing back or overflowing from the high-level inlet buffer tank or the membrane aeration bioreactor in an uncontrolled state.

[0200] The first tank of the high-level inlet buffer tank is equipped with an overflow pipe. One end of the overflow pipe opens at the preset highest liquid level of the first tank, and the other end is connected to the second tank of the low-level outlet buffer tank or directly connected to the third outlet pipe of the membrane aeration bioreactor.

[0201] When the liquid level in the first tank exceeds the preset maximum liquid level, the excess sewage is directly discharged into the low-level outlet buffer tank through the overflow pipe.

[0202] In this embodiment, the anti-siphon valve refers to the air intake protection valve installed on the gravity flow pipeline. When negative pressure occurs in the pipeline, it automatically opens the air intake to break the siphon state.

[0203] An overflow pipe is a pipe installed inside a high-level inlet buffer tank to prevent overflow when the tank is full.

[0204] In this embodiment, anti-siphon valves are installed on the first and second gravity flow pipelines, located upstream or downstream of the membrane aerated bioreactor. Rural roads often have slopes and curves, causing vehicles to tilt when driving or parking, which can easily lead to a siphon negative pressure in the gravity flow pipeline, causing uncontrolled backflow and overflow of wastewater in the high-level inlet buffer tank or MABR. When negative pressure occurs in the pipeline, the anti-siphon valve automatically opens to introduce outside air, instantly disrupting the siphon state and restoring the water flow to gravity flow mode. Simultaneously, an overflow pipe is installed inside the high-level inlet buffer tank, with one end located at the highest safe liquid level and the other end connected to the low-level outlet buffer tank or MABR outlet pipeline. When the inlet flow rate is too high or treatment is not timely, causing the liquid level to exceed the limit, excess wastewater is directly discharged into the low-level outlet buffer tank through the overflow pipe, preventing wastewater from overflowing from the top of the tank and polluting the environment.

[0205] With dual protection against siphoning and overflow, it is specially designed for vehicle-mounted mobile working conditions, completely solving the problems of sewage backflow and overflow caused by vehicle tilting and sudden changes in flow; it has a simple structure, high reliability, and no need for electrical control, improving the system's operational safety and environmental friendliness under complex road conditions.

[0206] In some embodiments, the membrane module self-cleaning unit further includes a spare flexible bellows and a switching valve. The spare flexible bellows is arranged in parallel with the flexible bellows and is fixed on the membrane module frame. The inner cavity of the spare flexible bellows is connected to the connecting gas pipe through the switching valve.

[0207] Both the outer walls of the elastic bellows and the spare elastic bellows are equipped with strain sensors. The strain sensors are used to detect the strain changes of the bellows in real time and transmit the strain signals to the vehicle controller.

[0208] The vehicle controller is preset with a first strain threshold and a second strain threshold, wherein the second strain threshold is higher than the first strain threshold.

[0209] When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the first strain threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a warning signal;

[0210] When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the second strain threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the elastic bellows is at risk of rupture or has already ruptured, and automatically drives the switching valve to cut off the air path of the elastic bellows and connect the air path of the backup elastic bellows, so that the backup elastic bellows can replace the elastic bellows to continue driving the scraper to move.

[0211] The connecting gas pipe is also equipped with a hydrogen leak detection sensor, which is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline in real time. When the detected hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safe concentration threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a leak alarm signal and controls the solenoid valve on the connecting gas pipe to automatically cut off the gas supply.

[0212] In this embodiment, the backup flexible bellows refers to a redundant drive component that is connected in parallel with the main bellows and is automatically put into use when the main component fails.

[0213] A switching valve is an electric / pneumatic valve used for switching between the main and backup bellows air circuits.

[0214] A strain sensor is a sensing element that is attached to the outer wall of a bellows to monitor deformation and fatigue in real time.

[0215] A hydrogen leak detection sensor is a safety detection device installed on the gas pipeline to monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time.

[0216] In this embodiment, a spare flexible bellows is fixed in parallel with the main flexible bellows to the membrane module frame, and its inner cavity is connected to the connecting gas pipe via a switching valve. Strain sensors are installed on the outer walls of both the main and spare bellows to monitor deformation and strain signals in real time and upload them to the vehicle-mounted controller. The controller presets a first strain threshold (warning) and a second strain threshold (fault). When the strain of the main bellows exceeds the first threshold, the controller outputs a warning to prompt maintenance attention; when the strain exceeds the second threshold, it is determined that the main bellows is at risk of rupture or has already ruptured. The controller immediately drives the switching valve to cut off the main bellows gas path and simultaneously connects the spare bellows gas path, allowing the spare component to continue driving the scraper to complete the cleaning action, ensuring uninterrupted self-cleaning function. A hydrogen leak detection sensor is also installed on the connecting gas pipe to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline in real time; once the concentration exceeds the standard, a leak alarm is immediately triggered, and the pipeline solenoid valve is automatically shut off to close the gas source and prevent hydrogen leaks from causing safety accidents.

[0217] The above solution ensures continuous and uninterrupted self-cleaning function through redundancy backup and fault self-switching, avoiding system downtime caused by single point of failure; strain monitoring enables early warning of bellows fatigue status, improving the predictability of equipment maintenance; hydrogen leak detection and emergency cut-off significantly improve the safety of hydrogen energy use and meet the requirements of safe operation and maintenance in rural areas.

[0218] In the second aspect, such as Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a wastewater treatment method based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production. The method is applicable to the wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in the first aspect of this invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0219] S1: The rural sewage temporarily stored in the raw water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station is supplied to the first tank of the high-level water inlet buffer tank of the mobile sewage treatment vehicle through the first detachable pipeline.

[0220] S2: The wastewater in the first tank enters the membrane aeration bioreactor by gravity through the first gravity flow pipe, taking advantage of the height difference between the top and bottom of the vehicle body.

[0221] S3: Wastewater entering the membrane aerated bioreactor comes into contact with microorganisms attached to the surface of the membrane module and undergoes aerobic biodegradation treatment under the action of oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply pipeline in the oxygen storage tank. The treated reclaimed water enters the second tank of the low-level effluent buffer tank by gravity through the second gravity flow pipeline.

[0222] S4: The regenerated water in the second tank is transported to the clear water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station through the second detachable pipeline;

[0223] S5: The reclaimed water in the clear water tank enters the electrolysis cell and is electrolyzed using electricity provided by the renewable energy power generation device to generate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0224] S6: The oxygen generated at the anode of the electrolytic cell is temporarily stored in an oxygen storage tank and then transported to the membrane inlet of the membrane aerated bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline to supplement the dissolved oxygen required for aerobic degradation by microorganisms in step S3.

[0225] S7: Hydrogen generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer is transported to a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for storage. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold of the mechanical pressure control valve, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold of the control valve, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper returns to its original position. The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the movement frequency and amplitude of the scraper automatically change with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

[0226] The above method deeply integrates wastewater treatment, resource utilization, clean energy production, and intelligent self-maintenance to form a closed-loop process. The four major features of gravity flow, oxygen reuse, hydrogen self-driving, and green electricity self-sufficiency give the system the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption, low operation and maintenance, high returns, and high stability. It is fully adaptable to rural wastewater treatment scenarios and provides a replicable and scalable long-term solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in rural areas.

[0227] The vehicle-mounted wastewater treatment facility of this invention adopts a customized vehicle structure for overall integration. The facility mainly consists of three parts: a sedimentation and equalization tank, a membrane aeration bioreactor, and supporting facilities. To further enhance the buffering capacity and shock load resistance of the vehicle-mounted facility to water quality and quantity fluctuations, buffer layers are laid at corresponding locations in the biological contact oxidation tank and equalization tank within the facility. This effectively reduces the hydraulic shock and load fluctuations caused by intermittent rural wastewater discharge, ensuring the stable operation of the biological treatment unit. When the vehicle-mounted wastewater treatment facility operates in a rural wastewater treatment station, the membrane aeration bioreactor is connected to the raw water tank of the wastewater treatment station, and the sedimentation and equalization tank is connected to the clear water tank of the wastewater treatment station. This allows the vehicle-mounted facility and the existing facilities of the wastewater treatment station to form a complete and collaborative wastewater treatment system. During the operation of the vehicle-mounted wastewater treatment facility, a self-circulating system can be formed between the membrane aeration bioreactor and the sedimentation and equalization tank, further ensuring the stability and continuity of equipment operation. Furthermore, regular cleaning and maintenance of the sedimentation and equalization tank ensures long-term stable, efficient, and reliable operation of the mobile wastewater treatment equipment. The gas storage tank used in this invention is a dedicated gas storage container, which can be well adapted to the use requirements of the aeration energy supply system of the mobile sewage treatment plant. The gas is transported unidirectionally through the pipeline and stored inside the gas storage tank. When the gas storage tank is full, the tank body can be easily replaced. The full gas storage tank can be centrally stored in the treatment plant to continuously provide a stable gas energy supply for the aeration process of the mobile sewage treatment plant. The aforementioned gas transmission pipeline is equipped with conventional instruments and control devices such as pressure gauges and valves, which can monitor the system operating pressure and operating status in real time, and realize the rapid start-up and safe control of the equipment.

[0228] This invention employs alkaline electrolysis to produce hydrogen from reclaimed water in a clear water tank. An electrolyte solution prepared from rural reclaimed water and KOH is used as the electrolysis medium. Hydrogen and oxygen are generated through a reactor in an electrolytic cell. The resulting mixed gas undergoes gas-liquid separation via a gas-liquid separator, followed by a demister to remove entrained water mist. Finally, a dryer further removes moisture from the hydrogen, thus purifying it. A back pressure regulator stabilizes the hydrogen flow path pressure, ensuring overall system safety. The purified and pressure-stabilized hydrogen is safely stored in a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank for later transfer to a high-pressure storage tank or for market sales. Each rural area is equipped with a wastewater treatment plant, which includes raw water tanks, clear water tanks, electrolytic cells, oxygen storage tanks, and high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks. Wastewater from each area is collected by a collection unit and then temporarily stored in the raw water tank of its respective wastewater treatment plant. The system can flexibly deploy one or more mobile wastewater treatment vehicles according to the actual treatment capacity of each wastewater treatment plant to carry out distributed treatment of wastewater in the raw water tanks. Through unified management and intelligent scheduling of all mobile wastewater treatment vehicles, the system can complete the wastewater purification and treatment tasks of multiple rural areas with a limited number of wastewater treatment devices. This not only effectively improves the overall utilization efficiency of wastewater treatment facilities but also significantly reduces the overall construction cost and operation and maintenance investment of wastewater treatment facilities.

[0229] This invention relies on the abundant wind, solar, and water resources in rural areas. It converts renewable energy into stable green electricity through distributed wind and photovoltaic devices, providing a continuous and clean power source for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. The reclaimed water, treated by mobile sewage treatment vehicles, is used as the raw material for hydrogen electrolysis. The hydrogen produced by electrolysis is sold through the market to generate economic benefits, thus forming a sustainable cycle model of "green electricity-hydrogen production-profit". This provides a continuous and stable driving force for rural environmental governance systems from an economic perspective, ensuring the long-term and market-oriented operation of sewage treatment facilities.

[0230] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the description and drawings of this invention, this should not limit the scope of patent protection of this invention. Any technical solutions that are based on the essential concept of this invention, utilize the content described in the description and drawings of this invention to make equivalent structural or procedural substitutions or modifications, as well as the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the above embodiments to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production, characterized in that, include: A mobile sewage treatment vehicle, including a vehicle body, on which the following are fixedly installed: A high-level water inlet buffer tank includes a first tank body, which is fixed to the top of the vehicle body. The first tank body is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet. The membrane aerated bioreactor is provided with a second inlet, a third outlet and a membrane chamber air inlet. The second inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through a first gravity flow pipeline. The low-level outlet buffer tank includes a second tank body, which is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body. The second tank body is provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet. The second inlet is connected to the third outlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through a second gravity flow pipe. Fixed water collection and storage stations include: The raw water tank has a fifth outlet, which is connected to the first inlet of the first box through a first detachable pipe. It is used to temporarily store rural sewage collected in the area and supply water to the mobile sewage treatment vehicle. The clear water tank is equipped with a third inlet and an outlet. The third inlet is connected to the fourth outlet of the second tank through a second detachable pipe. It is used to receive and store the reclaimed water treated by the membrane aeration bioreactor. An electrolytic cell is provided with a fourth water inlet, an anode gas outlet and a cathode gas outlet. The fourth water inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the clear water tank and is used to electrolyze the reclaimed water in the clear water tank to generate hydrogen and oxygen. An oxygen storage tank is provided with a fifth inlet and a sixth outlet. The fifth inlet is connected to the anode outlet of the electrolytic cell, and the sixth outlet is connected to the membrane inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline. The storage tank is used to store oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell and supply oxygen to the membrane aeration bioreactor. A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is provided with a sixth water inlet, which is connected to the cathode outlet of the electrolyzer and is used to store the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer. A renewable energy power generation device, the power output terminal of which is connected to the power input terminal of the electrolytic cell; A membrane module self-cleaning unit is installed inside the membrane aeration bioreactor and includes an elastic bellows and a scraper; one end of the elastic bellows is fixed to the membrane module frame of the membrane aeration bioreactor, and the other end is connected to the scraper; the inner cavity of the elastic bellows is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank through a control valve and a connecting gas pipe. The connecting gas pipe is equipped with a pressure reducing valve to reduce the hydrogen pressure output from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the rated working pressure of the flexible bellows; both the connecting gas pipe and the flexible bellows are sealed structures, and the inner cavity volume of the flexible bellows is 10-50mL. The control valve is a mechanical pressure control valve, and its opening pressure threshold and closing pressure threshold are set by a preset spring preload. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper resets. The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the moving frequency and moving amplitude of the scraper change automatically with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

2. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile sewage treatment vehicle also includes: A biological contact oxidation tank is provided between the high-level inlet buffer tank and the membrane aeration bioreactor. The biological contact oxidation tank is provided with a seventh inlet and an eighth outlet. The seventh inlet is connected to the first outlet of the first tank through a third gravity flow pipe, and the eighth outlet is connected to the second inlet of the membrane aeration bioreactor through a fourth gravity flow pipe. The inner wall of the biological contact oxidation tank and / or the inner wall of the high-level inlet buffer tank are covered with a buffer layer, which is an elastic porous packing layer used to absorb the shock load caused by fluctuations in the inlet water volume.

3. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A gas-liquid separator, a demister, a dryer, and a back pressure regulator are sequentially connected between the cathode outlet of the electrolytic cell and the sixth water inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate electrolyte droplets entrained in hydrogen gas, the demister is used to remove electrolyte droplets that remain in hydrogen gas after the initial separation by the gas-liquid separator, the dryer is used to remove water vapor, and the back pressure regulator is used to control the hydrogen output pressure and maintain the stability of the cathode side pressure of the electrolytic cell. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided with an alkali return port, which is connected to the alkali circulation pipeline of the electrolytic cell through a pipe for recovering the separated electrolyte. The heat source for the dryer is the excess electrical energy generated by the renewable energy power generation device or the waste heat generated by the electrolytic cell.

4. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile sewage treatment vehicles consist of multiple units, which are managed uniformly through a remote dispatch system and rotate between sewage collection points in various areas. The remote dispatching system is used to construct a dispatching decision model. This model dynamically plans vehicle dispatching routes and dwell periods based on the wastewater generation in each area, the remaining battery power of vehicles, the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the operating status of the membrane aeration bioreactor, as detailed below: The amount of wastewater generated is characterized by the liquid level height or flow sensor data of the wastewater collection tanks in each area; The remaining battery power of the vehicle is represented by the remaining state of charge fed back by the on-board battery management system; The hydrogen pressure is characterized by real-time data from the pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The operating status of the membrane aerated bioreactor is characterized by dissolved oxygen sensor or aeration pressure sensor data. The scheduling decision model outputs the optimal scheduling path and dwell period for each vehicle by minimizing the vehicle's empty driving mileage, maximizing the continuous operating time of the membrane aerated bioreactor, and balancing the overflow risk of the sewage collection tanks in each area. When a mobile wastewater treatment vehicle meets any of the following triggering conditions, the remote dispatch system sends a return command to the vehicle's onboard controller: The pressure detection element of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank detects a value that reaches the preset full storage pressure threshold. The remaining state of charge reported by the vehicle battery management system is lower than a preset low battery threshold. After receiving the return command, the vehicle controller drives the mobile sewage treatment vehicle to automatically return to the fixed water collection and energy storage station. It then uses an automatic docking device to transport hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the high-pressure hydrogen receiving pipeline of the fixed water collection and energy storage station, and simultaneously replenishes the power supply to the renewable energy power generation device through the charging interface.

5. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in claim 4, characterized in that, On the oxygen supply pipeline between the sixth outlet of the oxygen storage tank and the air inlet of the membrane cavity of the membrane aeration bioreactor, a pressure gauge, a regulating valve and a check valve are installed in sequence according to the oxygen flow direction. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the oxygen pressure in the oxygen supply pipeline in real time and transmit the pressure signal to the vehicle controller. The regulating valve is an electric regulating valve. The vehicle controller outputs an opening control command to the electric regulating valve based on the feedback signal from the dissolved oxygen concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or the preset aeration sequence, so as to automatically adjust the oxygen supply flow rate. The check valve is used to prevent sewage or mixed liquor from flowing back into the oxygen supply pipeline due to pressure fluctuations inside the membrane aerated bioreactor or during shutdown conditions.

6. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom region of the membrane aerated bioreactor is provided with a first circulation port, which is connected to a second circulation port in the top region of the membrane aerated bioreactor via a self-circulating pipeline. The self-circulating pipeline is equipped with a circulation pump, which is used to lift the concentrated sludge deposited at the bottom of the membrane aerated bioreactor to the top of the membrane aerated bioreactor, so that the concentrated sludge is mixed with the influent from the high-level influent buffer tank and then re-enters the membrane module area for aeration treatment. The starting and stopping of the circulation pump is automatically controlled by the vehicle controller based on the feedback signal from the sludge concentration sensor inside the membrane aerated bioreactor. The circulation pump is started when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is higher than a first preset concentration threshold, and the circulation pump is stopped when the sludge concentration inside the membrane aerated bioreactor is lower than a second preset concentration threshold.

7. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A differential pressure sensor is provided between the air inlet and the air outlet of the membrane chamber of the membrane aeration bioreactor. The differential pressure sensor is used to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane module in real time and transmit the transmembrane pressure difference signal to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller has a first preset differential pressure threshold and a second preset differential pressure threshold for transmembrane pressure difference, wherein the first preset differential pressure threshold is lower than the second preset differential pressure threshold. When the transmembrane pressure difference is lower than the first preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling level is mild and maintains the current opening frequency of the control valve. When the transmembrane pressure difference rises to between the first preset pressure difference threshold and the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is moderate, increases the opening frequency of the control valve or extends the single opening duration, so as to increase the number of times or the travel distance of the scraper. When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches or exceeds the second preset pressure difference threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the membrane fouling degree is severe, outputs a fouling alarm signal, and increases the opening frequency of the control valve to the maximum value until the transmembrane pressure difference falls back below the first preset pressure difference threshold. The opening frequency and opening duration of the control valve are adjusted by adding a bypass solenoid valve connected in parallel with the control valve.

8. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first gravity flow pipeline and / or the second gravity flow pipeline are equipped with an anti-siphon valve. The anti-siphon valve is located upstream or downstream of the membrane aeration bioreactor and is used to automatically introduce air to disrupt the siphon state in the pipeline when the vehicle body tilts or when negative pressure occurs in the first gravity flow pipeline or the second gravity flow pipeline, so as to prevent sewage from flowing back or overflowing from the high-level inlet buffer tank or the membrane aeration bioreactor in an uncontrolled state. The first tank of the high-level inlet buffer tank is equipped with an overflow pipe. One end of the overflow pipe opens at the preset highest liquid level of the first tank, and the other end is connected to the second tank of the low-level outlet buffer tank or directly connected to the third outlet pipe of the membrane aeration bioreactor. When the liquid level in the first tank exceeds the preset maximum liquid level, the excess sewage is directly discharged into the low-level outlet buffer tank through the overflow pipe.

9. The wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The membrane module self-cleaning unit also includes a spare flexible bellows and a switching valve. The spare flexible bellows is arranged in parallel with the flexible bellows and is fixed on the membrane module frame. The inner cavity of the spare flexible bellows is connected to the connecting air pipe through the switching valve. Both the outer walls of the elastic bellows and the spare elastic bellows are equipped with strain sensors. The strain sensors are used to detect the strain changes of the bellows in real time and transmit the strain signals to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is preset with a first strain threshold and a second strain threshold, wherein the second strain threshold is higher than the first strain threshold. When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the first strain threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a warning signal; When the strain value of the elastic bellows exceeds the second strain threshold, the vehicle controller determines that the elastic bellows is at risk of rupture or has already ruptured, and automatically drives the switching valve to cut off the air path of the elastic bellows and connect the air path of the backup elastic bellows, so that the backup elastic bellows can replace the elastic bellows to continue driving the scraper to move. The connecting gas pipe is also equipped with a hydrogen leak detection sensor, which is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the pipeline in real time. When the detected hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safe concentration threshold, the vehicle controller outputs a leak alarm signal and controls the solenoid valve on the connecting gas pipe to automatically cut off the gas supply.

10. A wastewater treatment method based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis for hydrogen production, characterized in that, The method is applicable to the wastewater treatment system based on vehicle-mounted MABR coupled electrolysis hydrogen production as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the method includes the following steps: S1: The rural sewage temporarily stored in the raw water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station is supplied to the first tank of the high-level water inlet buffer tank of the mobile sewage treatment vehicle through the first detachable pipeline. S2: The wastewater in the first tank enters the membrane aeration bioreactor by gravity through the first gravity flow pipe, taking advantage of the height difference between the top and bottom of the vehicle body. S3: Wastewater entering the membrane aerated bioreactor comes into contact with microorganisms attached to the surface of the membrane module and undergoes aerobic biodegradation treatment under the action of oxygen supplied by the oxygen supply pipeline in the oxygen storage tank. The treated reclaimed water enters the second tank of the low-level effluent buffer tank by gravity through the second gravity flow pipeline. S4: The regenerated water in the second tank is transported to the clear water pool of the fixed water collection and storage station through the second detachable pipeline; S5: The reclaimed water in the clear water tank enters the electrolysis cell and is electrolyzed using electricity provided by the renewable energy power generation device to generate hydrogen and oxygen; S6: The oxygen generated at the anode of the electrolytic cell is temporarily stored in an oxygen storage tank and then transported to the membrane inlet of the membrane aerated bioreactor through an oxygen supply pipeline to supplement the dissolved oxygen required for aerobic degradation by microorganisms in step S3. S7: Hydrogen generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer is transported to a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank for storage. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the opening pressure threshold of the mechanical pressure control valve, the control valve opens, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the elastic bellows after being depressurized by the pressure reducing valve, driving the elastic bellows to expand and pushing the scraper to move along the surface of the membrane module frame. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the closing pressure threshold of the control valve, the control valve closes, the elastic bellows contracts, and the scraper returns to its original position. The expansion amplitude of the elastic bellows is positively correlated with the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that the movement frequency and amplitude of the scraper automatically change with the power generation cycle of the renewable energy power generation device.

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