Self-cleaning microporous aeration ecological floating island with vortex enhancement

Abstract

The application discloses a self-cleaning microporous aeration ecological floating island with vortex synergy, relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration engineering, and comprises a plurality of combinable floating island modules; each floating island module comprises a control assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the floating island module, and at least two aeration assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the lifting assembly in a horizontal annular manner; the aeration assembly comprises, from bottom to top, an aeration disc, a filter screen and a gas guide cylinder, the aeration disc is used for aeration, so that fluid enters from the outside of the filter screen and passes upwards through the gas guide cylinder to diffuse to the surroundings; the aeration assembly further comprises a sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism can seal the lower inlet of the gas guide cylinder, so that bubbles are sprayed outwards from the inside of the filter screen to perform backwashing. The lower inlet of the gas guide cylinder is closed through the sealing mechanism, and on-line backwashing is realized without shutdown and disassembly through the aeration fan. The spiral flow guide plate enables the gas-water mixed fluid to ascend along a spiral path, and the bubble residence time and path length are greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water body ecological restoration engineering technology, and in particular to a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological floating islands are a water environment management technology that integrates plant absorption, microbial degradation, and ecological restoration. They utilize aquatic plants to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, and the microorganisms attached to the plant roots degrade organic pollutants, thereby achieving water purification and ecological restoration. Due to their advantages such as low operating costs, eco-friendliness, and good landscape effects, ecological floating islands have been widely used in the management of urban landscape water bodies, rivers, and lakes.

[0003] To further improve the purification efficiency of floating ecological islands, existing technologies typically combine microporous aeration devices with the floating islands. Aeration increases dissolved oxygen levels in the water, enhances microbial metabolic activity, and improves pollutant removal capacity. However, existing aerated floating ecological islands still suffer from the following problems during long-term operation: First, microporous aerators are constantly submerged in natural aquatic environments. Algal debris, suspended particles, and biofilm in the water easily accumulate on the surface of the aeration membrane and in the internal channels, leading to blockage of the aeration holes and channels. This, in turn, causes a decrease in aeration volume, an increase in bubble size, and a significant reduction in oxygen transfer efficiency, severely impacting the long-term stable operation of the system. Existing aeration devices typically lack effective online self-cleaning mechanisms, requiring manual maintenance and resulting in high operating costs.

[0004] Secondly, the traditional fixed aeration mode mainly forms a local vertical upflow around the aerator, and its hydrodynamic disturbance range is limited, making it difficult to achieve effective circulation of large water bodies. It is easy to form low flow velocity or even still water areas at the edge of the floating island and between adjacent floating islands, resulting in uneven reoxygenation distribution and low water exchange efficiency, thus limiting the purification effect of ecological floating islands on large water bodies.

[0005] In addition, the bubbles generated by conventional microporous aeration rise rapidly in the water without flow regulation, and a large amount of oxygen escapes into the atmosphere before it is fully dissolved, resulting in a short gas-liquid contact time and low oxygen utilization rate, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and low-energy water ecological restoration.

[0006] Therefore, developing a new type of ecological floating island device that combines the self-cleaning function of aerators, enhances the water circulation and mixing capacity, and improves oxygen mass transfer efficiency is of great significance for improving the long-term operational stability of ecological floating islands and the efficiency of water environment restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement, comprising multiple combinable floating island modules; Each floating island module includes a control component and a lifting component. The lifting component is located at the bottom of the floating island module, and at least two aeration components are provided on its outer side in a horizontal circumferential direction. The aeration assembly includes an aeration disc, a filter screen, and an air guide tube arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The aeration disc aerates the fluid so that the fluid enters from outside the filter screen and passes upward through the air guide tube to diffuse in all directions. The aeration assembly also includes a sealing mechanism that can seal the lower inlet of the air guide tube, allowing bubbles to be ejected from inside the filter screen for backwashing.

[0009] Furthermore, the aeration assembly also includes multiple guide plates. The air guide tube is a trumpet-shaped cylinder that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and is coaxially installed directly above the aeration disc. Each guide plate has spiral blades and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the air guide tube on its inner wall, so that the fluid flows spirally along the guide plate and diffuses to the surroundings.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes a fixed block and multiple blades. Each blade is arranged along the outer circumference of the fixed block. One end of each blade is rotatably connected to the fixed block, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air guide tube. Each blade is provided with a connecting ring so that the tilt angle of each blade can be adjusted uniformly. The air guide tube is equipped with a closed motor, and the output shaft of the closed motor is fixed to the rotating shaft of one of the blades to adjust the tilt angle of each blade. The filter screen is in the shape of an annular cylinder and is located on the periphery of the flow channel between the aeration disc and the air guide cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the aeration assembly also includes a top cover and multiple guide vanes. The top cover is installed at the upper outlet of the air guide tube, and the guide vanes are arranged in a louvered manner on the top cover. The guide vanes are equipped with connecting rods to uniformly adjust the tilt angle of each guide vane.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a lifting cylinder and a fixed cylinder. The upper end of the fixed cylinder is rotatably connected to the floating island module, and the lower end of the fixed cylinder is vertically slidably connected to the lifting cylinder. An air pipe is provided between the aeration disc and the lifting cylinder. The control components include a housing and a blower. The blower is located inside the housing, with its air inlet extending to the outside of the housing and its air outlet connected to the upper end of the fixed cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting assembly also includes a rigid rope, a winding motor, and a winding drum. The winding drum is located inside the housing. The upper end of the rigid rope is wound around the outside of the winding drum, and the lower end is connected to the lifting drum. The output shaft of the winding motor is fixed to the winding drum to drive the winding drum to pull the rigid rope, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the lifting drum. The lifting assembly also includes a worm gear, a worm, and a rotary motor. The worm is located inside the housing, the worm gear is located at the upper end of the fixed cylinder, the worm gear and the worm mesh, and the output shaft of the rotary motor is fixed to the worm to drive the fixed cylinder to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a counterweight assembly, which includes a counterweight chamber and a solenoid valve. The upper end of the counterweight chamber is connected to the lifting assembly through a pipe, and the lower end is provided with an opening. The solenoid valve is installed on the pipe to control the opening and closing of the counterweight chamber and the lifting assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing component for securing the various floating island modules. The fixing component includes a connecting rod, a washer, and a pin. The connecting rod passes through the corresponding connecting hole on the adjacent floating island module and is locked with a pin. A gasket is placed between the connecting rod and the floating island module, and a rubber ring is provided on the side of the gasket closest to the floating island module.

[0016] Furthermore, a rotatable transparent cylinder is provided above the control component, and an arc-shaped solar panel and a battery are provided inside the transparent cylinder; The solar panels can rotate with the transparent cylinder to track the sun's position.

[0017] Furthermore, the multiple floating island modules include at least one main floating island module and at least one secondary floating island module; Both the main floating island module and the secondary floating island module are equipped with connecting pipes arranged in a cross shape. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the control component, and the other end extends to the edge of the floating island module and is equipped with a sealing plug. The connecting pipes between adjacent floating island modules are connected by flexible hoses, so that air is pumped from the main floating island module into each auxiliary floating island module through the connecting pipes and hoses.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement closes the lower inlet of the air guide tube through a sealing mechanism. It uses the air pressure of the aeration blower to accumulate and pressurize the air guide tube, causing bubbles to be sprayed out from the inside of the filter screen. This washes away foreign objects such as algae fragments, suspended particles, and biofilm trapped on the outer surface of the filter screen, achieving online backwashing without stopping the machine or disassembling the filter.

[0019] The spiral guide plate imparts rotational momentum to the bubble cluster, causing the air-water mixture to rise along a spiral path. This significantly increases the bubble residence time in the water and the length of the gas-liquid contact path. Furthermore, the fixed cylinder drives the aeration components to slowly rotate around the vertical axis, creating a dynamic annular coverage area underwater. This significantly increases the hydraulic influence radius, eliminating the low-velocity dead water zone below the floating island module and between adjacent floating islands.

[0020] The rigid rope is wound and unwound by a reel motor, causing the lifting drum to slide up and down inside the fixed drum. The immersion depth of the aeration components can be flexibly adjusted. In summer, when the water is hot and thermally stratified, the aeration can be adjusted to a greater depth to break up the stratification; in winter, when the water is fully mixed, the aeration can be adjusted to a shallower depth to prevent excessive heat loss from the bottom layer and protect aquatic plants for safe overwintering.

[0021] By controlling the air connection between the counterweight chamber and the lifting assembly through a solenoid valve, some compressed air can be introduced into the counterweight chamber to expel water, increasing the overall buoyancy of the floating island module and changing its draft. This design can accommodate situations where the floating island sinks due to the weight gain from long-term plant growth, ensuring that the floating island always maintains the optimal water surface position without the need for manual addition of buoys or adjustment of the float configuration.

[0022] The floating island modules are detachable and can be assembled using fixed components. A main floating island module can supply gas to multiple secondary floating island modules through a cross-shaped connecting pipe, achieving tiered gas supply to the main and secondary modules and significantly reducing the overall cost of large-area arrays. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the floating island module after connection, which is a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the control component and lifting component of a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the control component for a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an aeration component for a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the closed mechanism of a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing component of a self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the floating island module connection structure proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1 Floating island module, 101 Frame, 102 Connecting plate, 103 Planting area, 104 Rubber layer, 105 Connecting hole, 2 Control component, 201 Outer shell, 202 Blower, 3 Connecting component, 301 Lifting cylinder, 302 Fixing cylinder, 303 Rigid rope, 304 Winding motor, 305 Winding drum, 306 Worm gear, 307 Worm, 4 Aeration component, 401 Aeration disc, 402 Ventilation pipe, 403 Filter screen, 404 Air guide cylinder, 405 Guide plate, 406 Top cover, 407 Guide blade, 408 Closing mechanism, 4081 Fixing block, 4082 Connecting ring, 4083 Blade, 4084 Closing motor, 5 Counterweight component, 501 Counterweight chamber, 502 Solenoid valve, 6 Fixing component, 601 Connecting rod, 602 Gasket, 603 Pin, 604 Socket, 7 Connecting pipe, 8 Solar panel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0027] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0028] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-8A self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement effect is developed for ecological purification and restoration of urban landscape water bodies, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, in order to solve the problems of uneven air distribution, non-adjustable depth, short bubble residence time and easy clogging of aerators in traditional aerated ecological floating islands.

[0030] The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement includes multiple combinable floating island modules 1.

[0031] The floating island module 1 includes a frame 101, a connecting plate 102, and a planting area 103. The frame 101 is a rectangular or hexagonal frame made of 304 stainless steel or HDPE welded / hot-melted. The frame 101 has connecting holes 105, and multiple floating island modules 1 can be connected and combined through the fixing components 6 and the connecting holes 105.

[0032] In some embodiments, the fixing component 6 includes a connecting rod 601, a washer 602, and a pin 603. The connecting rod 601 is made of 316L stainless steel and is bolt-shaped, with a socket 604 at one end. When assembling multiple floating island modules 1, the connecting rod 601 is passed through the corresponding connecting holes 105 on adjacent floating island modules 1, and then the pin 603 is inserted into the socket 604 of the connecting rod 601, thus connecting two adjacent floating island modules 1. The washer 602 is placed between the connecting rod 601 and the floating island module 1. The washer 602 is a metal washer, and a rubber ring is bonded to the side of the washer closest to the floating island module 1. When used in waters with wind and waves, the rubber ring can buffer, dissipate energy, and reduce vibration between two adjacent floating island modules 1, reducing fatigue damage at the connection of the floating island modules 1.

[0033] In some embodiments, a nut is threaded onto the pin 603 to enhance the stability of the connection between the pin 603 and the connecting rod 601 and to prevent the pin 603 from falling off.

[0034] In some embodiments, the connecting plate 102 is cross-shaped and disposed on the inner side of the frame 101 to support the frame 101. The connecting plate 102 can strengthen the frame 101 and divide the interior of the frame 101 into multiple planting areas 103. The planting areas 103 are used to plant aquatic plants such as canna lilies and calamus, and the plant roots form a biofilm carrier in the water.

[0035] In some embodiments, the outer edge of the frame 101 is covered with a rubber layer 104 to provide flexible contact protection between modules and avoid rigid collision damage between modules. Depending on the size of the water area, different numbers of floating island modules 1 can be selected and combined and connected via fixing components 6. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement also includes a control component 2, which is located at the cross intersection of the connecting plates 102. The control component 2 includes a housing 201 and a blower 202.

[0036] The outer casing 201 is located above the center of the floating island module 1, and the blower 202 is located inside the outer casing 201. The air inlet of the blower 202 extends to the outside of the outer casing 201, and the air outlet is connected to the upper end of the fixed cylinder 302 to introduce air into the fixed cylinder 302.

[0037] The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement also includes a lifting component 3, which includes a lifting cylinder 301 and a fixed cylinder 302.

[0038] The fixed cylinder 302 is a stainless steel tube, and its upper end is rotatably connected to the bearing seat of the central hole of the frame 101 of the floating island module 1 through a thrust ball bearing, so as to achieve 360° rotation around the vertical axis.

[0039] In some embodiments, the lifting assembly 3 further includes a worm gear 306, a worm 307, and a rotary motor. The worm 307 is disposed inside the housing 201, the worm gear 306 is disposed at the upper end of the fixed cylinder 302, the worm gear 306 and the worm 307 mesh, and the output shaft of the rotary motor is fixed to the worm 307 to drive the fixed cylinder 302 to rotate.

[0040] The lower end of the fixed cylinder 302 is vertically slidably connected to the lifting cylinder 301 through a guide keyway, so that the lifting cylinder 301 can move up and down within the fixed cylinder 302 but cannot rotate relative to it.

[0041] In some embodiments, the control component 2 is provided with a drive device for driving the lifting cylinder 301 to move up and down. The drive device includes a rigid rope 303, a winding motor 304, and a winding drum 305. The winding drum 305 is disposed inside the housing 201. The upper end of the rigid rope 303 is wound around the outside of the winding drum 305, and the lower end is connected to the lifting cylinder 301. The output shaft of the winding motor 304 is fixed to the winding drum 305 to drive the winding drum 305 to pull the rigid rope 303, thereby controlling the lifting of the lifting cylinder 301.

[0042] In some embodiments, the output shaft of the winding motor 304 and the winding drum 305 are driven by a worm gear to achieve a self-locking function, ensuring that the depth position is locked and does not slip after adjustment.

[0043] In some embodiments, the driving device is a miniature electric actuator that can drive the lifting cylinder 301 to change the water immersion depth of the aeration component 4 within a predetermined range. The top of the lifting cylinder 301 is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the air outlet of the air pump, and the inside of the cylinder serves as a vertical airflow channel.

[0044] The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement also includes an aeration component 4, which comprises an aeration disc 401, an air pipe 402, a filter screen 403, an air guide tube 404, a guide plate 405, a top cover 406, guide vanes 407, and a closing mechanism 408. The aeration component 4 is located outside the lifting cylinder 301 of the lifting component 3 and is arranged horizontally in a circumferential direction. One end of the air pipe 402 is connected to the aeration disc 401, and the other end is connected to the air outlet at the lower end of the lifting cylinder 301. Air is pumped into the fixed cylinder 302 by the blower 202, and then sequentially passes through the fixed cylinder 302, the lifting cylinder 301, and the air pipe 402 before entering the aeration disc 401. The aeration disc 401 is a diaphragm-type microporous aerator. The diaphragm is made of EPDM rubber and has multiple micropores evenly distributed on it. Under air pressure, the micropores open to generate a cluster of microbubbles.

[0045] The air guide tube 404 is a funnel-shaped cylinder that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and is coaxially mounted directly above the aeration disc 401. The lower inlet diameter of the air guide tube 404 is equal to or slightly larger than the diaphragm diameter of the aeration disc 401 to fully capture all the bubbles generated by the aeration disc 401; the upper outlet diameter is 1.5-3 times the inlet diameter, and the height of the cylinder is 2-5 times the inlet diameter to provide sufficient space for bubble acceleration and rotation.

[0046] In some embodiments, the air guide tube 404 is made of transparent PC or PMMA to facilitate observation of the bubble morphology.

[0047] A guide plate 405 is arranged on the inner wall of the air guide cylinder 404, consisting of 3-6 spiral blades evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder, extending from the lower inlet to the upper outlet. The blades are welded to the inner wall of the cylinder or integrally injection molded. The bubble cluster generated by the aeration disc 401 enters the air guide cylinder 404, and the spiral guide plate 405 imparts rotational momentum to the bubble cluster, causing the air-water mixture to rise along a spiral path, significantly extending the residence time of the bubbles in the water.

[0048] The filter screen 403 is located around the flow channel between the aeration disc 401 and the air guide cylinder 404. It is in the shape of an annular cylinder and its diameter is the same as that of the aeration disc 401, so that the filter screen 403 seals the flow channel between the aeration disc 401 and the air guide cylinder 404.

[0049] In some embodiments, the mesh size of the filter 403 is 0.5mm-2.0mm, and the material is 316L stainless steel wire mesh.

[0050] When the aeration disc 401 generates a rising air-water mixture, the air-water mixture in the flow channel has a suction effect on the surrounding water. The external water will enter the flow channel after being filtered by the filter screen 403, effectively preventing foreign objects in the water (such as algae fragments and suspended particles) from entering the air guide tube 404 and avoiding clogging of the aeration component 4.

[0051] The sealing mechanism 408 includes a fixed block 4081 and multiple blades 4083. Each blade 4083 is arranged along the outer circumference of the fixed block 4081. One end of each blade 4083 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 4081, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air guide tube 404. Each blade 4083 is provided with a connecting ring 4082 so that the tilt angle of each blade 4083 can be adjusted uniformly.

[0052] In some embodiments, the air guide cylinder 404 is provided with a closing motor 4084, the output shaft of the closing motor 4084 is fixed to the rotating shaft of one of the blades 4083, so as to adjust the tilt angle of each blade 4083.

[0053] The self-cleaning mechanism of filter screen 403 is as follows: When a large amount of foreign matter accumulates on filter screen 403, increasing water flow resistance, the angle of each blade 4083 in the sealing mechanism 408 is adjusted to ensure that each blade 4083 is in a horizontal position, thereby sealing the lower inlet of the air guide cylinder 404. At this time, bubbles cannot escape upwards. Under continuous air supply pressure, the bubbles accumulate and pressurize within the air guide cylinder 404, and are ejected outwards through the filter screen 403, flushing away the foreign matter trapped on the outer surface of the filter screen, thus achieving online backwashing self-cleaning of filter screen 403. After backwashing is completed, each blade 4083 returns to its normal operating angle, and the aeration assembly 4 resumes normal aeration operation. The entire self-cleaning process does not require machine shutdown or manual disassembly. Backwashing can be automatically triggered at a preset time cycle of 48-72 hours.

[0054] The top cover 406 is installed at the upper outlet of the air duct 404, and the guide vanes 407 are installed on the top cover 406. The guide vanes 407 are composed of multiple blades that can rotate around a horizontal axis and are arranged in a louvered manner. The tilt angle of each guide vane 407 is uniformly adjusted through a linkage rod.

[0055] The angle of the guide vane 407 determines the direction of the outflow of the bubble and water mixture: when the guide vane 407 is vertical, the outflow is vertically upward, which is suitable for concentrated aeration in deep water areas; when the guide vane 407 is tilted to the outside of the floating island module 1 (30°-45°), the outflow is obliquely ejected with a large horizontal component, which is suitable for expanding the horizontal mixing range and connecting the flow fields between adjacent floating islands.

[0056] In some embodiments, the number of aeration components 4 can be set according to the size of the floating island, typically two groups arranged opposite each other at 180°, or three groups arranged evenly at 120°, or four groups arranged evenly at 90°.

[0057] The rotary motor in control component 2 drives the fixed cylinder 302 to rotate via worm gear 306 and worm 307, thereby causing the fixed cylinder 302, together with the lifting cylinder 301 connected below it and the aeration component 4, to slowly rotate horizontally around the vertical axis at a speed of 0.1-2 rpm. This low-speed rotation avoids significant disturbance to plant roots and fish. The aeration component 4 moves in a circular motion below the floating island module 1, forming a dynamic annular coverage underwater. The hydraulic influence radius is significantly larger than that of fixed-point aeration, completely eliminating the dead water zone below the floating island module 1 and between adjacent floating islands.

[0058] In some embodiments, when multiple ecological floating island modules 1 form an array, the rotation direction of the aeration components 4 of adjacent floating islands is set to opposite, that is, one rotates clockwise and the adjacent one rotates counterclockwise, so as to avoid the formation of an overall unidirectional rotating water flow in the water body when multiple floating islands operate in concert, which would affect the hydraulic stability of the system.

[0059] The counterweight assembly 5 includes a counterweight chamber 501 and a solenoid valve 502. The upper end of the counterweight chamber 501 is connected to the lifting assembly 3 via a pipe, and the lower end has an opening. The solenoid valve 502 is installed on the pipe to control the opening and closing of the counterweight chamber 501 and the lifting assembly 3. The solenoid valve 502 can open the channel between the counterweight chamber 501 and the lifting assembly 3, thereby diverting the air pumped into the fixed cylinder 302 and the lifting cylinder 301 by the blower 202 into the counterweight chamber 501. This forces the water inside the counterweight chamber 501 out of its bottom opening, increasing the buoyancy of the floating island module 1 and changing the draft of the floating island module 1 to accommodate the gradually growing and increasing weight of the plants.

[0060] In some embodiments, a rotatable transparent cylinder is provided above the control component 2. The transparent cylinder is made of transparent PC or PMMA material, and an arc-shaped solar panel 8 and a battery are located inside the transparent cylinder. The solar panel 8 can absorb solar energy to charge the battery, and the entire solar panel 8 is located inside the transparent cylinder, ensuring that it absorbs sunlight without affecting the growth of plants in the surrounding planting area 103. The battery can power all components.

[0061] In some embodiments, the control component 2 is equipped with a drive motor, which drives the transparent cylinder to rotate through a worm gear reducer, thereby driving the solar panel 8 to rotate, so that the solar panel 8 always faces the sun during the day, greatly improving the solar energy conversion efficiency.

[0062] In some embodiments, the main body of the floating island consists of four floating island modules 1 assembled into an 8.0m × 8.0m rectangular array via fixing components 6. The frame 101 of each floating island module 1 measures 4.0m × 4.0m and is welded from 304 stainless steel. The planting area 103 is planted with a mixed planting of canna lilies and calamus. Two sets of aeration components 4 are positioned 180° apart, rotating at 0.3 rpm, with an annular aeration coverage area approximately 1.2m in diameter. The self-cleaning backwash cycle occurs every 48 hours, lasting approximately 30 seconds each time.

[0063] In some embodiments, each floating island is composed of nine floating island modules 1 arranged in a rectangular array of 12.0m × 12.0m. The frame 101 of each floating island module 1 has a size of 4.0m × 4.0m. Multiple floating islands are arranged in series and in parallel in the river channel. In summer, the lifting cylinder 301 is adjusted to make the aeration depth 2.0m, and the deep aeration combined with the vortex guiding mode breaks down the thermal stratification of the river water. In winter, it is adjusted to 0.8m, and the shallow aeration combined with the horizontal diffusion mode avoids the loss of heat from the bottom layer.

[0064] Reference Figure 8 The floating island module 1 is also provided with four connecting pipes 7, which are arranged in a cross shape. One end of the connecting pipe 7 is connected to the outer shell 201. Since the outer shell 201 is closed, the connecting pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet of the blower 202. The other end of the connecting pipe 7 extends to the edge of the floating island module 1 and is provided with a sealing plug.

[0065] In some embodiments, each floating island consists of nine floating island modules 1 arranged in a 4.5m × 4.5m rectangular array. The frame 101 of each floating island module 1 has dimensions of 1.5m × 1.5m. The nine floating island modules 1 include a main floating island module 1 located in the center and eight auxiliary floating island modules 1 located on the outer sides. The blower 202, solar panel 8, and battery are removed from the auxiliary floating island modules 1. When connecting and assembling, the connecting pipes 7 of the auxiliary floating island modules 1 are connected to the corresponding connecting pipes 7 on the main floating island modules 1 via flexible hoses. The connecting pipes 7 of each auxiliary floating island module 1 are also connected to each other via flexible hoses, so that the blower 202 on the main floating island module 1 can pump air into each floating island module 1 through the connecting pipes 7. Since the auxiliary floating island modules 1 have a large number of mechanisms removed, the cost is reduced. Reference Figure 8 The floating island module 1 is also provided with four connecting pipes 7, which are arranged in a cross shape. One end of the connecting pipe 7 is connected to the outer shell 201. Since the outer shell 201 is closed, the connecting pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet of the blower 202. The other end of the connecting pipe 7 extends to the edge of the floating island module 1 and is provided with a sealing plug.

[0066] In some embodiments, each floating island is composed of nine floating island modules 1 arranged in a rectangular array of 4.5m × 4.5m (3 rows × 3 columns). The overall dimensions of the floating island array are 4.5m × 4.5m, covering a water area of ​​approximately 20m². The frame 101 of each floating island module 1 is 1.5m × 1.5m in size, welded from 304 stainless steel, and covered with a rubber layer 104 on its outer edge. The nine floating island modules 1 include a main floating island module 1 located at the center of the array and eight secondary floating island modules 1 surrounding it.

[0067] The main floating island module 1 is configured as follows: A shell 201 is located above the center of the frame 101. Inside the shell 201 are installed a blower 202 (vortex blower, power 0.55kW, air volume 60m³ / h, air pressure 25kPa), a control component 2 (including a timer controller and wireless communication module), a winding motor 304, a winding drum 305, and a rotary motor. A rotatable transparent cylinder is located above the shell 201, inside which are installed an arc-shaped solar panel 8 (peak power 60W) and a 12V 40Ah battery. The planting area 103 is divided into four zones by cross-connecting plates 102, where canna lilies and calamus are planted. The bottom of the main module is equipped with a lifting component 3 and two sets of aeration components 4 (arranged 180° opposite each other).

[0068] The configuration of the eight secondary floating island modules 1 is as follows: Each secondary module retains the frame 101, connecting plate 102, planting area 103, rubber layer 104, lifting assembly 3, and aeration assembly 4 (two sets, 180° opposite each other), but removes the blower 202, outer shell 201, solar panel 8, battery, and control assembly 2. The planting area 103 of the secondary module is also planted with emergent plants such as canna lilies and calamus. By removing the aforementioned heavy equipment, the manufacturing cost of each secondary module is significantly reduced compared to the main module. The secondary modules are electrically connected to the main modules via cables, so that the battery on the main module powers the lifting and rotating of the secondary module's lifting assembly 3 and the closing motor 4084.

[0069] The gas connection between modules is as follows: Each floating island module 1 (whether main or sub-module) has four pre-installed connecting pipes 7 inside its frame 101, arranged symmetrically in a cross shape—pointing towards the midpoint of each of the module's four sides. Each connecting pipe 7 is a DN20 PVC-U pipe, one end of which passes through the outer shell 201 (main module) or through the gas collection box located in the center of the module (sub-module, the gas collection box replaces the outer shell) to connect to the internal gas path of the module. The other end extends to the edge of the frame 101 and is equipped with a quick connector and a sealing plug. During normal independent operation, the sealing plug is in a blocked state; when multi-module combined gas supply is required, the sealing plug in the corresponding direction is unscrewed.

[0070] When assembling the nine-module array, the four connecting pipes 7 of the main floating island module 1 are connected to the corresponding connecting pipes 7 of the secondary floating island modules 1 located above, below, left, and right respectively via DN20 flexible PVC steel wire hoses. The secondary floating island modules 1 are also connected in pairs via hoses to their corresponding connecting pipes 7 in adjacent directions, ultimately forming a star-shaped and ring-shaped mixed air supply network centered on the main module. The ends of the hoses are locked to the quick-connect fittings at the ends of the connecting pipes 7 using quick-release clamps, requiring no tools for installation and disassembly. After assembly, the blower 202 on the main floating island module 1 delivers compressed air sequentially through the outer shell 201, the connecting pipes 7 of the main module, the hoses, the connecting pipes 7 of each secondary module, and the lifting components 3 of each secondary module, finally reaching the aeration components 4, while simultaneously supplying air to the aeration discs 401 of all nine modules. The entire array requires only one blower 202, reducing the number of blowers and corresponding power distribution systems by eight compared to a scheme where each module has its own independent blower.

[0071] This nine-module primary and secondary graded air supply array is particularly suitable for the ecological restoration of urban rivers, small and medium-sized lakes, and landscape water bodies. It can be used individually or multiple arrays can be arranged in series or parallel in the river to cover a larger water area. When multiple nine-module arrays need to be configured in a water area, the main floating island module 1 of each array operates independently (each with its own blower and control system). There is no need for air passages to be connected between the arrays. It is only necessary to ensure that the rotation direction of the aeration components 4 of adjacent arrays is staggered to avoid hydraulic interference.

[0072] The working principle of this self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with vortex enhancement: Blower 202 pumps air into aeration disc 401 through fixed cylinder 302, lifting cylinder 301, and air pipe 402. The micropores on the diaphragm of aeration disc 401 open under air pressure, generating a cluster of fine bubbles with a diameter of 1-3 mm. These bubbles rise and enter the bottom inlet of air guide cylinder 404, simultaneously drawing in surrounding water. External water, filtered by filter screen 403, enters air guide cylinder 404 and mixes with the bubbles, forming an upward air-water mixture. During this process, filter screen 403 intercepts algae fragments, suspended particles, and other foreign matter on its outer surface, preventing them from entering air guide cylinder 404 and causing blockages.

[0073] After the air-water mixture enters the air guide tube 404, it generates rotational momentum under the guidance of the spiral guide plate 405 on the inner wall of the tube. The mixture rises along the spiral path around the central axis of the air guide tube 404. Compared with the conventional linear rise, the spiral rise path significantly extends the residence time of the bubbles in the water, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact time. The louvered adjustable guide blades 407 control the outflow direction at the outlet of the air guide tube 404. When the blades are vertical, the outflow is vertically upward, forming a concentrated aeration column in the deep water area to break up the thermal stratification of the water in summer. When the blades are tilted 30°-45° outward towards the floating island, the outflow is obliquely ejected, the horizontal velocity component increases, and the oxygen-rich water is horizontally diffused to the periphery of the floating island, expanding the hydraulic treatment radius of the single island.

[0074] During aeration, a rotary motor drives the worm gear 307 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 306, along with the fixed cylinder 302, to slowly rotate 360° around the vertical axis. Because the lifting cylinder 301 is circumferentially locked to the fixed cylinder 302 via a guide keyway, the lifting cylinder 301 and its connected aeration assembly 4 rotate synchronously with the fixed cylinder 302. The underwater position of the aeration disc 401 is no longer fixed at a specific coordinate, but rather moves in a circular motion around the rotation axis, forming a dynamic annular aeration coverage area. Compared to fixed-point aeration, which can only cover a small area directly above, the hydraulic influence radius of the rotating aeration system expands, increasing the affected area and eliminating stagnant water zones below and between the floating islands.

[0075] When the foreign matter intercepted on the filter screen 403 accumulates to a certain extent and the water flow resistance increases, or according to a preset time cycle, the motor 4084 drives each blade 4083 of the closing mechanism 408 to rotate around its respective axis. Each blade 4083 is linked through the connecting ring 4082 and rotates synchronously to the horizontal closed position, completely sealing the lower inlet of the air guide cylinder 404. At this time, the bubbles generated by the aeration disc 401 cannot escape from the top of the air guide cylinder 404. Under the action of continuous air supply pressure, the bubbles accumulate and pressurize in the sealed space inside the air guide cylinder 404. Finally, the high-pressure bubbles are ejected from the inside of the filter screen 403, powerfully flushing off foreign matter such as algae fragments, silt, and biofilm trapped on the outer surface of the filter screen 403, realizing the online backwashing self-cleaning of the filter screen 403. The backwashing process usually lasts for 15-30 seconds (the duration can be set by the controller according to the actual degree of pollution). After completion, each blade 4083 returns to the vertical open position, and the aeration assembly 4 resumes normal aeration operation. The entire self-cleaning process requires no machine shutdown and no manual disassembly or assembly of any parts, ensuring the continuous and uninterrupted operation of the floating island.

[0076] When it is necessary to change the aeration depth to adapt to seasonal changes in water conditions, the winding motor 304 drives the winding drum 305 to wind up or unwind the rigid rope 303. The rigid rope 303 pulls the lifting drum 301 to slide vertically along the inner wall of the fixed drum 302, thereby changing the water immersion depth of the aeration component 4 connected to the lower end of the lifting drum 301.

[0077] The counterweight component 5 controls the airflow between the counterweight chamber 501 and the lifting component 3 via a solenoid valve 502. When the floating island sinks above the preset waterline due to the increased weight of the plants, the solenoid valve 502 is opened to introduce compressed air into the counterweight chamber 501, discharging water from the chamber to increase buoyancy and compensate for the increased weight. When it is necessary to adjust the total drainage volume of the system in conjunction with depth adjustment, the air-water ratio in the counterweight chamber 501 is also adjusted simultaneously. The two work together to ensure that the floating island always operates at the optimal waterline height, guaranteeing normal plant growth and efficient operation of the aeration component 4.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement, characterized in that, Includes multiple combinable floating island modules (1); Each floating island module (1) includes a control component (2) and a lifting component (3). The lifting component (3) is located at the bottom of the floating island module (1), and at least two aeration components (4) are provided on its outer side in a horizontal circumferential direction. The aeration assembly (4) includes an aeration disc (401), a filter screen (403), and an air guide tube (404) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The aeration disc (401) aerates the fluid so that the fluid enters from the outside of the filter screen (403) and passes upward through the air guide tube (404) to diffuse in all directions. The aeration assembly (4) also includes a sealing mechanism (408), which can seal the lower inlet of the air guide tube (404) so ​​that bubbles are sprayed out from inside the filter screen (403) for backwashing.

2. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration assembly (4) also includes multiple guide plates (405). The air guide tube (404) is a trumpet-shaped tube that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and is coaxially installed above the aeration disc (401). Each of the guide plates (405) has spiral blades and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the air guide tube (404) on its inner wall so that the fluid flows spirally along the guide plate (405) and diffuses to the surroundings.

3. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (408) includes a fixed block (4081) and multiple blades (4083). Each blade (4083) is arranged circumferentially around the fixed block (4081). One end of each blade (4083) is rotatably connected to the fixed block (4081), and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the air guide cylinder (404). Each blade (4083) is provided with a connecting ring (4082) so that the tilt angle of each blade (4083) can be adjusted uniformly. The air guide cylinder (404) is equipped with a closed motor (4084), and the output shaft of the closed motor (4084) is fixed to the rotating shaft of one of the blades (4083) to adjust the tilt angle of each blade (4083). The filter screen (403) is annular and cylindrical and is located around the flow channel between the aeration disc (401) and the air guide tube (404).

4. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration assembly (4) also includes a top cover (406) and multiple guide vanes (407). The top cover (406) is installed at the upper outlet of the air guide cylinder (404). Each guide vane (407) is arranged in a louvered manner on the top cover (406). A connecting rod is provided on each guide vane (407) to uniformly adjust the tilt angle of each guide vane (407).

5. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (3) includes a lifting cylinder (301) and a fixed cylinder (302). The upper end of the fixed cylinder (302) is rotatably connected to the floating island module (1), and the lower end of the fixed cylinder (302) is vertically slidably connected to the lifting cylinder (301). An air pipe (402) is provided between the aeration disc (401) and the lifting cylinder (301). The control component (2) includes a housing (201) and a blower (202). The blower (202) is disposed inside the housing (201). The air inlet of the blower (202) extends to the outside of the housing (201), and the air outlet is connected to the upper end of the fixed cylinder (302).

6. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (3) also includes a rigid rope (303), a winding motor (304), and a winding drum (305). The winding drum (305) is disposed inside the outer shell (201). The upper end of the rigid rope (303) is wound around the outside of the winding drum (305), and the lower end is connected to the lifting drum (301). The output shaft of the winding motor (304) is fixed to the winding drum (305) to drive the winding drum (305) to pull the rigid rope (303), thereby controlling the lifting of the lifting drum (301). The lifting assembly (3) further includes a worm gear (306), a worm (307) and a rotary motor. The worm (307) is disposed inside the housing (201), the worm gear (306) is disposed at the upper end of the fixed cylinder (302), the worm gear (306) and the worm (307) mesh, and the output shaft of the rotary motor is fixed to the worm (307) to drive the fixed cylinder (302) to rotate.

7. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a counterweight assembly (5), which includes a counterweight chamber (501) and a solenoid valve (502). The upper end of the counterweight chamber (501) is connected to the lifting assembly (3) through a pipe, and the lower end is provided with an opening. The solenoid valve (502) is provided on the pipe to control the opening and closing of the counterweight chamber (501) and the lifting assembly (3).

8. The self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing component (6) for fixing each of the floating island modules (1), the fixing component (6) including a connecting rod (601), a gasket (602) and a pin (603); The connecting rod (601) passes through the corresponding connecting hole (105) on the adjacent floating island module (1) and is locked with the pin (603). The gasket (602) is placed between the connecting rod (601) and the floating island module (1), and the gasket (602) has a rubber ring on the side closer to the floating island module (1).

9. A self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (2) is provided with a rotatable transparent cylinder above it, and an arc-shaped solar panel (8) and a storage battery are provided inside the transparent cylinder; The solar panel (8) can rotate with the transparent cylinder to track the sun's position.

10. A self-cleaning microporous aerated ecological floating island with eddy current enhancement as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of floating island modules (1) include at least one main floating island module and at least one secondary floating island module; Both the main floating island module and the secondary floating island module are provided with connecting pipes (7) arranged in a cross shape. One end of the connecting pipe (7) is connected to the control component (2), and the other end extends to the edge of the floating island module (1) and is provided with a sealing plug. The connecting pipes (7) of adjacent floating island modules (1) are connected by hoses so that air is pumped from the main floating island module into each of the secondary floating island modules through the connecting pipes (7) and hoses.

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