An edible mushroom seasoning extraction solvent recycling and wastewater treatment integrated device

Abstract

The present application relates to wastewater treatment technical field, specifically to a kind of edible mushroom condiment extraction solvent recycling and wastewater treatment integrated device, including water inlet collection unit, physical treatment unit, biological treatment unit, advanced treatment unit and solvent recycling unit, biological treatment unit includes bioreactor, which is provided with three-phase separator and biological filler structure, self-driven cleaning mechanism is installed in biological filler structure, gas lift type internal circulation system is equipped outside tank body, the gas outlet of three-phase separator is communicated with the import of gas lift type internal circulation system, the liquid outlet of gas lift type internal circulation system is communicated with tank bottom, its gas outlet is connected with the driving end of self-driven cleaning mechanism, separated gas is used to drive self-driven cleaning mechanism to rotate, and biological filler structure is brushed and cleaned.The present application realizes the recycling of extraction solvent, and realizes the self-cleaning and unpowered internal circulation of filler by using gas driving, reduces operating energy consumption and maintenance frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to an integrated device for recycling solvents used in the extraction of edible fungi seasonings and for wastewater treatment. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of edible fungus seasonings, solvent extraction is commonly used to extract flavor compounds such as nucleotides, free amino acids, polypeptides, and soluble sugars from edible fungi. This process generates a large amount of extraction residue containing extraction solvent (usually water), edible fungus residue, soluble organic matter, and microbial metabolites. Furthermore, subsequent concentration, refining, and equipment cleaning processes also produce high-concentration organic wastewater. Direct discharge of this wastewater not only results in a significant waste of water resources but also causes serious environmental pollution due to its high organic content and suspended solids.

[0003] Currently, the conventional treatment method for this type of wastewater is mostly compliant discharge treatment, which involves purifying it to meet prescribed discharge standards through a combined process of "physical sedimentation-biochemical degradation-deep oxidation" before discharge. In the above treatment process, the operating efficiency of the biological treatment unit (especially the upflow bioreactor) is the core technology of the entire system. However, existing bioreactors face the following technical problems in practical industrial applications: On the one hand, in order to enrich high concentrations of microorganisms, the reactor is usually filled with a large amount of elastic three-dimensional packing or combined packing. As the operating time increases, the biofilm attached to the surface of the packing will become excessively thick, leading to packing layer compaction, decrease in effective specific surface area, and deterioration of matrix mass transfer effect. In severe cases, production needs to be stopped for manual high-pressure water jet flushing, which not only significantly increases maintenance costs but also affects production continuity. On the other hand, in order to maintain good hydraulic mixing conditions and mass transfer effect in the reactor, existing technologies usually require the installation of circulation pumps or mechanical stirring equipment for forced internal circulation, which leads to a significant increase in the power consumption of the entire wastewater treatment system.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided an integrated device for recycling solvents used in the extraction of edible fungi seasonings and for treating wastewater, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment, comprising an inlet water collection unit, a physical treatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit and a solvent recycling unit connected in sequence. The biological treatment unit includes a bioreactor, which includes a tank body, a tank cover, an inlet pipe located at the bottom of the tank body, and an outlet pipe located at the tank cover. The tank is equipped with a three-phase separator and a biological packing structure from top to bottom. The biological packing structure is equipped with a self-driving cleaning mechanism, and the tank is equipped with an airlift internal circulation system on the outside. The gas outlet at the top of the three-phase separator is connected to the inlet of the airlift internal circulation system to send the separated gas-liquid mixture into the airlift internal circulation system for gas-liquid separation. The liquid outlet of the airlift internal circulation system is connected to the bottom of the tank so that the separated liquid flows back to form an internal circulation. One of the gas outlets of the airlift internal circulation system is connected to the drive end of the self-driving cleaning mechanism. The separated gas is used to drive the self-driving cleaning mechanism to rotate and brush and clean the biological packing structure.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the bioreactor tank is conical, and a drain pipe is provided at the lowest point of the cone bottom, while the liquid inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the tank and on the side wall above the conical structure.

[0007] Preferably, the three-phase separator includes an outer cone guide shroud and an inner cone gas collecting shroud. The outer cone guide shroud is a positive cone with its flared end facing upwards, and the inner cone gas collecting shroud is an inverted cone with its flared end facing downwards. The two are arranged coaxially, with the inner cone gas collecting shroud located inside and above the outer cone guide shroud. An annular settling channel is formed between the inner cone gas collecting shroud and the outer cone guide shroud. A riser pipe is connected to the top center of the inner cone gas collecting shroud. The riser pipe extends upwards through the tank cover and connects to the inlet of the air-lift internal circulation system.

[0008] Preferably, the upper edge of the outer cone guide shroud is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank and forms an annular seal, and an annular flow gap is left between its lower edge and the inner wall of the tank. The inner cone gas collecting shroud and the outer cone guide shroud are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank through multiple support rods evenly distributed in the circumference.

[0009] Preferably, the biological packing structure includes a central disc, multiple support rods, multiple annular frames with increasing diameters, and several biological packing frames; The central plate is located at the center of the tank, and multiple support rods are arranged radially, with their inner ends fixed to the central plate and their outer ends fixed to the inner wall of the tank. The ring frame and the support rod are integrally formed and coaxially arranged. Multiple biological packing frames are evenly installed on the lower end face of each ring frame along the circumference, and the biological packing frames are rotatably connected to the ring frame.

[0010] Preferably, the biological packing frame includes a rod, the top of which is rotatably connected to a ring frame via a rotating seat. An elastic three-dimensional packing material is fixedly arranged on the rod along the vertical direction. The elastic three-dimensional packing material is a radially distributed plastic filament, and the material of the elastic three-dimensional packing material is a polyolefin or polyamide polymer.

[0011] Preferably, the self-driving cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft, stirring blades, an impeller, a side plate, an arc-shaped block, and a brush rod; The rotating shaft is vertically positioned at the center of the tank, with its top rotatably connected to the lower end of the central disc. An agitator is fixed to the upper part of the rotating shaft, and an impeller is fixedly installed at its lower end. The blades of the impeller are spoon-shaped with the concave side facing down. The side plate is horizontally fixed on the rotating shaft and located below the biological packing frame. Arc-shaped blocks are provided at both ends of the side plate, and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped blocks slides in fit with the inner wall of the tank. A brush rod corresponding to the position of the elastic three-dimensional packing is fixed on the upper end face of the side plate. The brush rod has bristles on the side facing the elastic three-dimensional packing, and the ends of the bristles are in contact with the inner surface of the elastic three-dimensional packing.

[0012] Preferably, the airlift internal circulation system includes an air-water separator, a circulating liquid distributor, and an air guiding assembly; The gas-liquid separator is fixed to the outer wall of the tank. It has an air inlet pipe connected to the riser pipe, a water outlet pipe at the bottom connected to the circulating liquid distributor, a main air pipe and a side air pipe connected to the main air pipe at the top, and the side air pipe is connected to the air guiding assembly. A throttle valve is installed on the main air pipe and a control valve is installed on the side air pipe. The circulating liquid distributor is located at the bottom of the tank and below the impeller, and is used to uniformly return the separated liquid to the bottom of the tank; The air guide assembly is also located at the bottom of the tank and below the impeller, with its outlet facing the concave surface of the impeller blades.

[0013] Preferably, the air guiding assembly includes an air guiding pipe and a nozzle disposed at the end of the air guiding pipe. The nozzle has a tapered structure and its outlet faces the concave surface of the impeller blades.

[0014] Preferably, the circulating liquid distributor includes an annular water distribution pipe, which is fixed to the inner wall of the tank and located below the impeller. Multiple water distribution holes are opened on its upper surface. The water distribution pipe is connected to the outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator through a water guide pipe.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention purifies the extraction residue, condensate and cleaning wastewater step by step by setting up an inlet water collection unit, a physical treatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit and a solvent recycling unit connected in sequence. In particular, the deep purification through the high-efficiency biodegradation and membrane separation device of the bioreactor finally obtains purified water that meets the extraction reuse standard. The purified water is returned to the extraction process through the recycled water collection device. This not only greatly reduces the amount of new solvent replenishment and wastewater discharge, but also realizes the resource utilization of wastewater, thereby reducing the environmental pressure and operating costs of enterprises. (2) The present invention integrates a self-driving cleaning mechanism in the tank of the bioreactor. It uses biogas generated during the biological treatment process as driving power and guides the separated gas to the impeller through the airlift internal circulation system to drive the rotating shaft and brush rod to rotate. The bristles on the brush rod continuously mechanically brush the elastic three-dimensional packing on the biological packing structure, and timely peel off the aged and detached biofilm and the trapped suspended matter. This avoids the problem of packing caking and blockage caused by excessive thickening of biofilm, ensures the high specific surface area and mass transfer efficiency of biological packing during long-term operation, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and extends the service life of the device. (3) This invention utilizes the density difference formed between the riser and return pipes of the gas-liquid mixture separated by the three-phase separator as the driving force for circulation, realizing the pump-free self-circulation of the liquid inside the tank. This circulation method not only repeatedly passes the wastewater rich in organic matter through the biological packing, improving the treatment efficiency, but also eliminates the need for external circulation pumps and stirring motors, relying solely on the biogas's own energy to complete the internal circulation and cleaning drive, reducing the power consumption of the biological treatment unit. It is a low-carbon and energy-saving wastewater treatment technology. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bioreactor structure in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bioreactor structure in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a front view of the bioreactor in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the bioreactor in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a partial exploded view of the bioreactor in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the three-phase separator in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the circulating liquid distributor in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas guiding component in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the biological packing structure and self-driving cleaning mechanism in the integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in this application embodiment. Figure 12 This is a top view of the biological packing structure and self-driving cleaning mechanism in the integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in this application embodiment. Figure 13 This application provides an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater. Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the biological packing frame in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the self-driving cleaning mechanism in an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 This application provides an integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater. Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Influent collection tank; 2. Solid-liquid separation device; 3. Equalization tank; 4. Air flotation device; 5. Bioreactor; 6. Membrane separation device; 7. Reclaimed water collection device; 51. Tank body; 52. Tank cover; 53. Inlet pipe; 54. Outlet pipe; 55. Sewage pipe; 56. Three-phase separator; 57. Biological packing structure; 58. Self-driving cleaning mechanism; 59. Airlift internal circulation system; 561. Outer cone shroud; 562. Inner cone gas collection shroud; 563. Annular settling channel; 564. Ascendant pipe; 571. Central disc; 572. Support rod; 573. Circular frame; 574. Biological packing frame; 5741. Rod body; 5742. Rotating seat; 5743. Elastic three-dimensional packing; 581. Rotating shaft; 582. Stirring blade; 583. Impeller; 584. Side plate; 585. Arc-shaped block; 586. Brush rod; 587. Brush bristles; 591. Gas-liquid separator; 592. Circulating liquid distributor; 593. Gas guiding assembly; 5911. Inlet pipe; 5912. Main air pipe; 5913. Side air pipe; 5914. Water outlet pipe; 5915. Throttle valve; 5916. Control valve; 5921. Water guide pipe; 5922. Water distribution pipe; 5923. Water distribution hole; 5931, air duct; 5932, nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0019] Example Please see Figures 1 to 16 This embodiment provides an integrated device for recycling solvents used in the extraction of edible fungi seasonings and for treating wastewater. The overall process flow is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly includes a water inlet collection unit, a physical treatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit, and a solvent recycling unit connected in sequence. The residual solvent generated during the extraction and processing of edible fungi seasonings, as well as the wastewater generated in each treatment stage, are purified step by step by this device and finally sent back to the solvent inlet of the extraction process, realizing the closed-loop recycling of solvents, thereby significantly reducing the amount of fresh solvent used and the amount of wastewater discharged. The water inlet collection unit includes a water inlet collection tank 1, whose inlet is connected to the residual liquid discharge port of the extraction tank, the condensate outlet of the concentration equipment, and the drain outlet of the cleaning system. It is used to receive and mix the extraction residual liquid, condensate, and cleaning wastewater carrying edible fungus residue and soluble flavor substances. The water inlet collection tank 1 is equipped with a stirring and homogenizing structure and an intercepting grid. The stirring and homogenizing structure is used to fully mix the wastewater from each stream to ensure the uniformity and stability of the feed water quality of the subsequent treatment unit. The intercepting grid is set at the water inlet, and the grid gap is preferably 1-5mm to intercept large-particle fungal residue, debris, and fibrous impurities to prevent them from clogging downstream pipes and treatment equipment. At the same time, a sediment discharge port is set at the bottom of the water inlet collection tank 1 to periodically discharge the settled coarse particles of residue. A water outlet is set on its side wall for connection to the pipeline of the subsequent physical treatment unit. The physical treatment unit includes at least a solid-liquid separation device 2. The inlet of the solid-liquid separation device 2 is connected to the outlet of the inlet water collection tank 1 through a pipeline. It is used to perform solid-liquid separation on the mixed wastewater to remove suspended solids and mycelial residues from the wastewater. The solid-liquid separation device 2 can be any one of a centrifuge, a plate and frame filter press, or a drum filter, preferably a centrifuge, to achieve efficient solid-liquid separation. The separated filter residue is discharged through the slag discharge port and centrally treated, while the separated filtrate enters the next treatment unit. Furthermore, the physical treatment unit is also equipped with an equalization tank 3 and an air flotation device 4 connected in series. The filtrate after being treated by the solid-liquid separation device 2 first enters the equalization tank 3. The equalization tank 3 is equipped with perforated aeration pipes. Through intermittent or continuous aeration, the wastewater is homogenized and its quantity is adjusted. Since the production of edible fungi seasonings is mostly batch operation, the wastewater discharge is intermittent and has large fluctuations in water quality and quantity. The effective volume of the equalization tank 3 is designed to be no less than 1.2 to 1.5 times the maximum discharge volume of a single batch. This allows for thorough mixing of wastewater of different time periods and concentrations, ensuring that the influent water quality and quantity of the subsequent treatment unit remain relatively stable. This effectively avoids the adverse effects of load shocks on the biological treatment unit. The wastewater after equalization in the equalization tank 3 is then sent to the air flotation device 4. The air flotation device 4 is preferably a dissolved air flotation device. It releases microbubbles to adsorb and carry suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater to the surface, where they are scraped off by a sludge scraper. This removes emulsified oil, small bacteria, and colloidal particles, reducing the organic load of the subsequent biological treatment. The effluent after air flotation treatment enters the biological treatment unit. The biological treatment unit includes a gas-driven, self-circulating, and self-cleaning integrated bioreactor 5. The inlet of the bioreactor 5 is connected to the outlet of the physical treatment unit (i.e., the outlet of the air flotation device 4) through a pipeline, and its outlet is connected to the deep treatment unit. The bioreactor 5 is the core improved component of this device. Its specific structure, gas-driven self-circulation path, and self-cleaning working mechanism will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and will not be repeated here. The advanced treatment unit includes a membrane separation device 6. The inlet of the membrane separation device 6 is connected to the outlet of the bioreactor 5 through a pipeline. The membrane separation device 6 is equipped with an ultrafiltration membrane module and / or a nanofiltration membrane module for advanced purification of the effluent after biological treatment, in order to remove residual trace suspended solids, macromolecular organic matter, etc. The membrane module is tubular or hollow fiber type, and the membrane material is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride or polyethersulfone. Under pressure, water molecules and small molecule inorganic salts and other solutes pass through the membrane pores into the purified water side, while suspended solids, colloids, macromolecular organic matter and microorganisms are retained by the membrane on the concentrate side. The purified water is collected and enters the solvent recycling unit, while the concentrate is returned to the bioreactor 5 or the equalization tank 3 through the return pipeline for retreatment to improve the overall water recovery rate of the system. The solvent recycling unit includes a recycled water collection device 7. The inlet of the recycled water collection device 7 is connected to the purified water outlet of the membrane separation device 6 through a pipeline. Its recycled water outlet is connected to the solvent inlet of the edible fungus seasoning extraction process through a pipeline, thus forming a complete solvent circulation loop. The recycled water collection device 7 is equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection structure, such as an ultraviolet lamp, for terminal disinfection of the recycled water to kill residual microorganisms, ensure the hygiene and safety of the recycled water, and meet the requirements of the extraction process for solvent water quality. Through the coordinated operation of the above-mentioned units, the integrated device in this embodiment can perform graded purification of edible fungus seasoning extraction residue, condensate and washing wastewater, and finally obtain purified water that meets the extraction and reuse standards, realize the efficient recycling of solvent, and significantly reduce wastewater discharge, which has good economic and environmental benefits. It should be noted that while the coordinated operation of the above-mentioned processing units is beneficial, most of these processing units are implemented using existing technologies, therefore their specific structures are not shown in the accompanying drawings. The key improvement of this invention lies in the bioreactor 5, and the specific structure and working principle of the bioreactor 5 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of bioreactor 5. Bioreactor 5 mainly includes tank body 51, tank cover 52, liquid inlet pipe 53, liquid outlet pipe 54 and sewage discharge pipe 55. Tank 51 is a vertically arranged cylindrical sealed container made of stainless steel. The bottom is conical to facilitate the settling and enrichment of solid particles. The top of tank 51 is provided with a tank cover 52, which is connected by bolts to ensure the overall airtightness of bioreactor 5. An inlet pipe 53 is provided at the bottom of tank 51 and on the side wall above the conical structure. The inlet pipe 53 is connected to the outlet of the physical treatment unit to introduce the wastewater to be treated into the bioreactor 5. The tank cover 52 is provided with an outlet pipe 54 to discharge the purified water produced by the bioreactor 5 to the deep treatment unit. The lowest point of the tank 51 is equipped with a drain pipe 55, which is used to periodically discharge solid sediments and aged biofilm residues that settle at the bottom of the cone. The tank 51 serves as the main container of the biological treatment unit, providing a closed reaction space for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and the biodegradation of organic matter. Wastewater flows from bottom to top inside the tank 51. For details on the internal structure of tank 51, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Inside, from top to bottom, there is a three-phase separator 56, a biological packing structure 57, and a self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 placed inside the biological packing structure 57. At the same time, an airlift internal circulation system 59 is fixedly installed on the outside of the tank body 51. After the wastewater to be treated enters the bottom of the tank 51 through the inlet pipe 53, it flows from bottom to top. It first passes through the biological packing structure 57. When it flows through the microbial film attached to the surface of the packing, the organic pollutants in the wastewater are adsorbed and degraded by the microorganisms, realizing biological purification. The wastewater after biological treatment continues to rise and enters the three-phase separator 56. Here, the three-phase separation of solids, liquids and biogas (gas) generated during the biological treatment is completed. Among them, the gas first enters the riser pipe 564 at the top of the three-phase separator 56. Due to the significant reduction in the density of the gas-liquid mixture, a gas-liquid two-phase flow with a lower density is formed in the riser pipe 564. The outlet of riser pipe 564 is connected to the inlet of airlift internal circulation system 59. After the gas-liquid mixture enters the system, it undergoes gas-liquid separation. The separated liquid flows back down to the bottom of tank 51 through the water outlet pipe 5914 at the bottom of airlift internal circulation system 59, while the separated gas is discharged from the air outlet at the top of the system. During this process, the solids separated by three-phase separator 56 settle back to the conical area at the bottom of tank 51 under the action of gravity, while the separated liquid enters the settling area between the top of three-phase separator 56 and tank cover 52, where it is further clarified. The clear water is drawn out by liquid outlet pipe 54 and transported to the deep treatment unit. It should be noted that the circulation driving force of the above-mentioned airlift internal circulation system 59 comes from the density difference between the gas-liquid mixture in the riser pipe 564 and the density of the pure liquid in the outlet pipe 5914. The static pressure difference formed by the two drives the liquid to continuously flow back to the bottom of the tank 51 through the outlet pipe 5914, thereby realizing the continuous circulation of the liquid inside the tank 51 without the need for external power input, thus reducing operating energy consumption. This circulating flow has multiple effects: Firstly, as the circulating liquid rises, it repeatedly passes through the biological packing structure 57, continuously supplying organic-rich wastewater to the microorganisms attached to the packing surface, ensuring the metabolic activity of the microorganisms. Secondly, as the circulating liquid passes through the packing, it generates continuous hydraulic shear force on the packing surface, causing the aged biofilm to detach naturally. This, combined with the mechanical scrubbing action of the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58, creates a synergistic cleaning effect, effectively preventing packing blockage and excessive biofilm thickening. Furthermore, the circulating flow makes the wastewater in different areas of the tank 51 more uniform in terms of organic matter concentration, pH value, and temperature, avoiding stratification phenomena such as high concentration at the bottom and low concentration at the top, or low temperature at the bottom and high temperature at the top, ensuring the stable operation of the entire biological treatment system. Furthermore, a portion of the gas separated in the airlift internal circulation system 59 is reintroduced into the bottom of the tank 51 via pipeline to serve as the power source for the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58. This gas drives the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 to rotate, enabling it to continuously mechanically scrub the biological packing structure 57. Specifically, driven by airflow, the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 utilizes the combined effects of stirring and scrubbing generated by rotation to increase the disturbance of wastewater flow, promote relative movement between packing materials, and physically scrub the surface of the biological packing materials. This causes the aged biofilm and mycelial scale attached to it to periodically detach, thereby maintaining the high specific surface area and mass transfer efficiency of the biological packing materials, extending the service life of the packing materials, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning, and ensuring the long-term stable and efficient operation of the bioreactor 5. The specific structure of the three-phase separator 56 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the three-phase separator 56 is located at the upper part of the tank 51. It mainly includes an outer conical guide shroud 561 and an inner conical gas collecting shroud 562. The outer conical guide shroud 561 has a positive conical structure with its flared end facing upwards, while the inner conical gas collecting shroud 562 has an inverted conical structure with its flared end facing downwards. The inner conical gas collecting shroud 562 is located inside and above the outer conical guide shroud 561, and the two are arranged coaxially. The cone angle of the inner conical gas collecting shroud 562 is 60° to 120°, and the cone angle of the outer conical guide shroud 561 is greater than that of the inner conical gas collecting shroud 562. The cone angle ensures that solid particles can smoothly slide down the inner wall slope of the outer cone guide hood 561. An annular settling channel 563 is formed between the inner cone gas collecting hood 562 and the outer cone guide hood 561. This channel is used for solid-liquid separation of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixture during the rising process. A riser pipe 564 is connected to the top center of the inner cone gas collecting hood 562. The riser pipe 564 extends upward and passes through the tank cover 52, and is connected to the inlet of the airlift internal circulation system 59 to export the collected biogas (gas) to the airlift internal circulation system 59. In terms of installation structure, the upper edge of the outer cone guide shroud 561 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body 51, and the connection is set as an annular sealing structure to prevent the liquid from flowing directly to the upper settling zone without three-phase separation. An annular flow gap (i.e., backflow gap) is left between the lower edge of the outer cone guide shroud 561 and the inner wall of the tank body 51. At the same time, in order to ensure the installation stability and concentricity of the inner cone gas collecting shroud 562 and the outer cone guide shroud 561 during long-term operation, the outer walls of the two are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body 51 by multiple support rods, and the support rods are evenly distributed along the circumference. Inside tank 51, a three-phase mixture containing biogas bubbles, wastewater, and solid particles flows upwards into the internal region of the three-phase separator 56. Due to its lower density, the biogas bubbles in the mixture are collected by the funnel-shaped opening at the lower edge of the inner cone gas collecting hood 562 during their ascent, and are drawn into the inner cone gas collecting hood 562. They are then further discharged through the riser pipe 564 at the top, entering the airlift internal circulation system 59. Simultaneously, the mixture continues to rise along the annular settling channel 563 between the inner cone gas collecting hood 562 and the outer cone guide hood 561. Because the lower side of the annular settling channel 563 is narrower than the upper side... As the mixture rises, the cross-sectional area gradually increases, and the flow velocity decreases accordingly, thus creating favorable conditions for the gravity sedimentation of solid particles. The solid particles overcome the drag force of the water flow and settle in the decelerating flow field, sliding down the inclined inner wall of the outer cone guide shroud 561 and returning to the bottom of the tank 51 through the annular flow gap. Together with the bottom sediment, they are periodically discharged through the drain pipe 55. The clarified liquid continues to rise and overflows from the upper edge of the outer cone guide shroud 561 into the sedimentation zone (i.e., the area between the outer cone guide shroud 561 and the bottom of the tank cover 52). After further settling and clarification in this area, it is discharged to the deep treatment unit through the liquid outlet pipe 54. Through the above structure, the three-phase separator 56 achieves efficient three-phase separation of gas upward, solid downward, and clear liquid upward, ensuring the orderly separation and discharge of the gas, liquid, and solid phases in the bioreactor 5. The specific structure of biological packing structure 57 is as follows: Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, it has a cylindrical structure and is filled in the internal space of the tank 51, so that the wastewater can fully contact the biological packing when it flows through the area from bottom to top. The biological packing structure 57 mainly includes a central plate 571, a support rod 572, an annular frame 573 and a biological packing frame 574. The central disc 571 is located at the center of the biological packing structure 57. Multiple support rods 572 are distributed circumferentially on its outer side wall. The number of support rods 572 is at least two, preferably three to six, and they are evenly arranged radially. The outer ends of the support rods 572 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank 51, thereby supporting and positioning the entire biological packing structure 57 inside the tank 51. Multiple annular frames 573 with progressively larger diameters are coaxially arranged on the outer side of the central disc 571. Each annular frame 573 is integrally formed with the support rods 572 to form a stable concentric annular skeleton. Several equidistant biological packing frames 574 are evenly installed on the lower end face of each annular frame 573 along its circumference. All biological packing frames 574 together constitute the biological packing area, which is used to provide a carrier for the attachment and growth of microorganisms to achieve the biochemical degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. For the specific structure of biological packing rack 574, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 14 It includes a rod body 5741, the top of which is rotatably connected to a ring frame 573 via a rotating seat 5742. An elastic three-dimensional packing material 5743 is fixedly installed on the rod body 5741 along its vertical direction. The elastic three-dimensional packing material 5743 is a radially distributed plastic filament, preferably made of polyolefin or polyamide polymer materials. Such materials have both rigidity and elasticity, are not easy to break, and can maintain good shape recovery ability in water flow. At the same time, they can effectively avoid clogging of the packing layer. The radial filament structure provides a large specific surface area, which is conducive to the attachment and growth of a large number of microorganisms and the formation of a highly active biofilm. The three-dimensional spatial structure allows for full contact and mass transfer between wastewater, rising air bubbles and biofilm, thereby improving the degradation efficiency of organic matter. In addition, this structural design also makes it easy for aged biofilm to detach under hydraulic shear and filament shaking, promoting the continuous regeneration of new biofilm, thereby maintaining the metabolic activity of the microbial community. It should be noted that the biological packing frame 574 is rotatable during operation. When the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 rotates under the drive of airflow and applies tangential friction to the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743, this friction drives the rod 5741 to passively rotate around its own axis. This passive rotation causes different sides of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 fixed on the rod 5741 to pass through the brushing area of ​​the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 in turn, achieving all-round uniform brushing of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 and avoiding cleaning dead corners. At the same time, the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 generates a swinging and shaking effect during rotation, which further promotes the accelerated shedding of the aged biofilm attached to the surface of the filaments under the dual action of mechanical vibration and hydraulic shear. In addition, since the filaments are subjected to forces in all directions in turn during rotation, the bending deformation and fatigue fracture of the filaments caused by long-term unidirectional force are avoided, extending the service life of the packing and ensuring the integrity of the biological packing structure and the stability of the treatment effect during long-term operation. The cleaning of the biological packing structure 57 relies on the action of the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, it mainly includes a rotating shaft 581, stirring blades 582, impeller 583, side plate 584, arc block 585, and brush rod 586. The rotating shaft 581 is vertically positioned at the center of the biological packing structure 57, and its top is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central disk 571. It should be noted that there is a reserved installation space below the central disk 571 to accommodate the rotating shaft 581, so that the rotating shaft 581 can rotate freely around its own axis. Multiple stirring blades 582 distributed along its length are fixedly installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft 581. The stirring blades 582 rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 581. During the rotation, they stir the wastewater, increase the turbulence of the wastewater, promote the contact mass transfer between the wastewater and the biological packing, and at the same time enhance the shedding and dispersion of the aging biofilm. An impeller 583 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 581. The impeller 583 adopts a turbine blade structure, and its blades are specifically spoon-shaped or bowl-shaped. The concave surface of the blades is set downward, facing the gas return outlet in the airlift internal circulation system 59. When the gas separated by the airlift internal circulation system 59 is released from the bottom of the tank 51 through the return pipe, the impact force of the rising bubbles acts on the concave surface of the impeller 583, driving the impeller 583 to rotate continuously, thereby driving the rotating shaft 581 to rotate. Thus, the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58 does not require external additional power input and can operate solely by the biogas flow generated by the biological treatment process itself, realizing a low-energy-consumption cleaning mode with self-sufficiency. A side plate 584 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 581 below the biological packing frame 574. The side plate 584 is a horizontally arranged plate-shaped component, whose center is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 581. Arc-shaped blocks 585 are respectively provided at both ends. The outer arc surface of the arc block 585 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tank 51. When the rotating shaft 581 rotates, the side plate 584 rotates synchronously with it, and the arc block 585 slides along the inner wall of the tank 51, which plays the role of radial limit and rotation guide, ensuring that the rotating shaft 581 remains centered and stable during long-term operation and preventing eccentric swing. Above the side plate 584, a brush rod 586 is provided on the inner side of each elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 (i.e., the side closest to the central axis of the tank body 51). The brush rod 586 is vertically fixed to the upper end face of the side plate 584. Each brush rod 586 has a single-sided bristle 587 on the side facing the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743. The end of the bristle 587 is in contact with the inner surface of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743. When the side plate 584 rotates with the rotating shaft 581, the brush rod 586 revolves around the rotating shaft 581. The bristle 587 continuously mechanically brushes the inner side of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 in contact with it, brushing away and peeling off the aging biofilm and mycelial scale layer attached to its surface. During this process, the bristles 587 apply tangential friction to the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743, driving the rod 5741 to passively rotate around its own axis, so that different sides of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 are sequentially rotated into the brushing area, ensuring that the filaments of the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 in all circumferential directions can be evenly brushed, achieving all-round cleaning coverage. At the same time, the swinging and shaking effect generated by the elastic three-dimensional packing 5743 during passive rotation further assists in the shedding of aged biofilm. Through the synergistic effect of the above mechanical brushing and hydraulic shearing, the surface of the biological packing structure 57 always maintains a suitable biofilm thickness, avoiding packing blockage and mass transfer efficiency reduction caused by excessive biofilm growth, and ensuring the long-term stable and efficient operation of the bioreactor 5. The specific structure of the air-lift internal circulation system 59 is as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, it mainly includes a gas-liquid separator 591, a circulating liquid distributor 592, and a gas guiding assembly 593; The gas-liquid separator 591 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the tank 51. An air inlet pipe 5911 is provided on one side of the separator. The air inlet pipe 5911 is connected to the riser pipe 564 at the top of the three-phase separator 56 and is used to receive the gas-liquid mixture from the three-phase separator 56. A water outlet pipe 5914 is provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 591. The outlet of the water outlet pipe 5914 is connected to the circulating liquid distributor 592. A main air pipe 5912 is provided at the top of the gas-liquid separator 591. A side air pipe 5913 is connected to one side of the main air pipe 5912. The side air pipe 5913 is connected to the air guide assembly 593. After the gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separator 591, under the combined action of gravity settling and baffle separation, the gas is discharged upward through the main air pipe 5912 and the side air pipe 5913, and the liquid is collected downward and flows out through the water outlet pipe 5914, thereby realizing the separation of the gas and liquid phases. The circulating liquid distributor 592 is located at the bottom of the tank 51 and below the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58. The circulating liquid distributor 592 is used to evenly distribute the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 591 to the bottom of the tank 51. The air guide assembly 593 is also located at the bottom of the tank 51 and above the circulating liquid distributor 592. Its air outlet is directly opposite the concave surface of the blade of the impeller 583. It is used to guide part of the separated gas to the impeller 583 to drive the impeller 583 to rotate. Through the above arrangement, the circulating liquid distributor 592 realizes the upward return of the liquid, and the air guide assembly 593 realizes the directional delivery and driving of the gas. The two work together to form a complete air-lift internal circulation loop. The air guiding assembly 593 includes an air guiding pipe 5931 and a nozzle 5932. One end of the air guiding pipe 5931 is connected to the side air pipe 5913, and the other end extends into the tank 51 and extends to the bottom of the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58. The nozzle 5932 is provided at the end of the air guiding pipe 5931. The nozzle 5932 has a tapered structure, and its outlet cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the air guiding pipe 5931. This can increase the jet speed of the airflow and enhance the impact force on the blades of the impeller 583. The outlet of the nozzle 5932 is directly facing the concave surface of the blades of the impeller 583 to ensure the maximum utilization of the gas impact force. A throttle valve 5915 is installed on the main gas pipe 5912, and a control valve 5916 is installed on the side gas pipe 5913. The throttle valve 5915 is used to adjust the exhaust resistance of the main gas pipe 5912, and the control valve 5916 is used to control the amount of driving gas entering the side gas pipe 5913 and the gas guiding assembly 593. By adjusting the flow restriction degree of the throttle valve 5915 and the valve opening degree of the control valve 5916, the total gas production of the system is distributed to the main gas pipe 5912 and the side gas pipe 5913 according to a set ratio. A portion of the biogas enters the gas guiding assembly 593 through the side gas pipe 5913, driving the impeller 583 to rotate. The remaining biogas is discharged through the main gas pipe 5912 and can enter the subsequent biogas utilization system (such as combustion, power generation or gas storage device). When the system is running normally, the main gas pipe 5912 and the side gas pipe 5913 are open at the same time. The gas flow is automatically distributed according to the resistance ratio of the two lines. The main gas pipe 5912 always maintains sufficient exhaust capacity to ensure that the system pressure does not rise abnormally and to avoid the normal operation of the three-phase separator 56 due to pressure accumulation. When it is not necessary to clean the biological packing, the control valve 5916 can be closed directly to allow all biogas to be discharged through the main gas pipe 5912. The circulating liquid distributor 592 includes a water distribution pipe 5922, which is an annular tubular structure and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tank 51. Its installation height is lower than the impeller 583 of the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58. Multiple water distribution holes 5923 are opened on the upper surface of the water distribution pipe 5922. A guide pipe 5921 is connected to one side of the water distribution pipe 5922. The guide pipe 5921 extends upward and passes through the side wall of the tank 51, and is connected to the outlet pipe 5914 at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 591. The liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 591 enters the water distribution pipe 5922 through the outlet pipe 5914 and the guide pipe 5921, and then flows back evenly to the bottom of the tank 51 through the water distribution holes 5923. After mixing with the fresh wastewater introduced by the liquid inlet pipe 53, they rise together to form a continuous internal circulating water flow. Through the coordinated operation of the airlift internal circulation system 59, the three-phase separator 56, and the self-driving cleaning mechanism 58, the entire bioreactor 5 achieves multiple integrated functions, including gas-liquid circulation based on biogas energy, cleaning of biological packing materials, and homogenization inside the reactor. It requires no external power input and has significant energy-saving advantages.

[0020] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and wastewater treatment, comprising an influent collection unit, a physical treatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit, and a solvent recycling unit connected in sequence; The biological treatment unit includes a bioreactor (5), which includes a tank body (51), a tank cover (52), an inlet pipe (53) disposed at the lower part of the tank body (51), and an outlet pipe (54) disposed at the tank cover (52). Its characteristics are: Inside the tank (51), a three-phase separator (56) and a biological packing structure (57) are arranged from top to bottom. The biological packing structure (57) is equipped with a self-driving cleaning mechanism (58). An air-lift internal circulation system (59) is provided on the outside of the tank (51). The gas outlet at the top of the three-phase separator (56) is connected to the inlet of the airlift internal circulation system (59) to send the separated gas-liquid mixture into the airlift internal circulation system (59) for gas-liquid separation. The liquid outlet of the airlift internal circulation system (59) is connected to the bottom of the tank (51) so that the separated liquid flows back to form an internal circulation. One of the gas outlets of the airlift internal circulation system (59) is connected to the drive end of the self-driving cleaning mechanism (58). The separated gas drives the self-driving cleaning mechanism (58) to rotate and brush and clean the biological packing structure (57).

2. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the tank (51) of the bioreactor (5) is conical, and a drain pipe (55) is provided at the lowest point of the cone bottom. The liquid inlet pipe (53) is located at the bottom of the tank (51) and on the side wall above the conical structure.

3. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-phase separator (56) includes an outer cone guide shroud (561) and an inner cone gas collecting shroud (562). The outer cone guide shroud (561) is a positive cone with the flared end facing upwards, and the inner cone gas collecting shroud (562) is an inverted cone with the flared end facing downwards. The two are arranged coaxially, and the inner cone gas collecting shroud (562) is located inside and above the outer cone guide shroud (561). An annular settling channel (563) is formed between the inner cone gas collecting shroud (562) and the outer cone guide shroud (561). A riser pipe (564) is connected to the top center of the inner cone gas collecting shroud (562). The riser pipe (564) extends upwards through the tank cover (52) and is connected to the inlet of the air-lift internal circulation system (59).

4. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper edge of the outer cone guide hood (561) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank (51) and forms an annular seal. An annular flow gap is left between its lower edge and the inner wall of the tank (51). The inner cone gas collection hood (562) and the outer cone guide hood (561) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank (51) by multiple support rods evenly distributed in the circumference.

5. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biological packing structure (57) includes a central disc (571), multiple support rods (572), multiple ring frames with increasing diameters (573), and several biological packing frames (574). The central plate (571) is located at the center of the tank, and multiple support rods (572) are arranged radially, with their inner ends fixed to the central plate (571) and their outer ends fixed to the inner wall of the tank (51). The ring frame (573) and the support rod (572) are integrally formed and coaxially arranged. Multiple biological packing frames (574) are evenly installed on the lower end face of each ring frame (573) along the circumference, and the biological packing frames (574) are rotatably connected to the ring frame (573).

6. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that, The biological packing frame (574) includes a rod (5741), the top of which is rotatably connected to the ring frame (573) via a rotating seat (5742). An elastic three-dimensional packing material (5743) is fixedly arranged on the rod (5741) along the vertical direction. The elastic three-dimensional packing material (5743) is a radially distributed plastic filament. The material of the elastic three-dimensional packing material (5743) is a polyolefin or polyamide polymer material.

7. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-driving cleaning mechanism (58) includes a rotating shaft (581), a stirring blade (582), an impeller (583), a side plate (584), an arc-shaped block (585), and a brush rod (586). The rotating shaft (581) is vertically positioned at the center of the tank (51), and its top is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central disk (571). The upper part of the rotating shaft (581) is fixed with stirring blades (582), and the lower end is fixedly installed with an impeller (583). The blades of the impeller (583) are spoon-shaped with the concave surface facing down. The side plate (584) is horizontally fixed on the rotating shaft (581) and located below the biological packing frame (574). The two ends of the side plate (584) are respectively provided with arc-shaped blocks (585), and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped blocks (585) slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the tank (51). A brush rod (586) corresponding to the position of the elastic three-dimensional filler (5743) is fixed on the upper end face of the side plate (584). The brush rod (586) has bristles (587) on the side facing the elastic three-dimensional filler. The ends of the bristles (587) are in contact with the inner surface of the elastic three-dimensional filler (5743).

8. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airlift internal circulation system (59) includes an air-water separator (591), a circulating liquid distributor (592), and an air guiding assembly (593). The gas-water separator (591) is fixed to the outer wall of the tank (51). It is provided with an air inlet pipe (5911) connected to the riser pipe (564), a water outlet pipe (5914) at the bottom connected to the circulating liquid distributor (592), a main air pipe (5912) at the top and a side air pipe (5913) connected to the main air pipe. The side air pipe (5913) is connected to the air guide assembly (593). A throttle valve (5915) is installed on the main air pipe (5912) and a control valve (5916) is installed on the side air pipe (5913). The circulating liquid distributor (592) is located at the bottom of the tank (51) and below the impeller (583) to uniformly return the separated liquid to the bottom of the tank. The air guide assembly (593) is also located at the bottom of the tank (51) and below the impeller (583), with its air outlet facing the concave surface of the blades of the impeller (583).

9. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air guide assembly (593) includes an air guide pipe (5931) and a nozzle (5932) disposed at the end of the air guide pipe. The nozzle (5932) has a tapered structure and its outlet is directly opposite the concave surface of the blade of the impeller (583).

10. The integrated device for recycling solvents for edible fungi seasoning extraction and treating wastewater according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circulating liquid distributor (592) includes an annular water distribution pipe (5922), which is fixed to the inner wall of the tank (51) and located below the impeller (583). Multiple water distribution holes (5923) are opened on its upper surface. The water distribution pipe (5922) is connected to the outlet pipe (5914) of the gas-liquid separator (591) through a water guide pipe (5921).

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