A heat preservation pool wall structure and a glass melting furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a heat preservation pool wall structure and a glass melting furnace. The heat preservation pool wall structure comprises a working layer, a transition layer and a heat preservation layer which are sequentially connected from inside to outside. The working layer has a first thermal conductivity, the transition layer has a second thermal conductivity, and the heat preservation layer has a third thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is smaller than the second thermal conductivity and larger than the third thermal conductivity. The thickness of the transition layer and the back fire surface temperature of the working layer satisfy a specific relationship. The back fire surface temperature of the working layer is greater than the alkali vapor condensation temperature and smaller than the material glass phase precipitation temperature of the working layer. The application realizes the functions of energy saving and efficiency increasing and service life prolonging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass melting furnace technology, specifically to an insulated pool wall structure and a glass melting furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Glass melting furnaces are the core thermal equipment in the glass industry, accounting for over 70% of the total energy consumption in the entire production process. The furnace walls, constructed of refractory bricks, are in direct contact with the high-temperature molten glass (>1500℃), making them the primary area of ​​heat loss and material corrosion. In particular, the wall bricks near the molten glass level are among the most vulnerable and critical parts of the furnace. Current technologies typically employ external air cooling to reduce the damage to the wall bricks; however, this method is complex, energy-intensive, and the wall bricks remain susceptible to chemical corrosion, resulting in a short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides an insulated pool wall structure and a glass melting furnace to solve or improve the problems of existing melting furnaces with air cooling function having complex pool wall structures, high energy consumption, and short service life due to the fact that the pool wall bricks are still susceptible to chemical corrosion.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat-insulating pool wall structure for use in a glass melting furnace for containing high-temperature molten glass. The pool wall structure includes a working layer, a transition layer and a heat-insulating layer connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The working layer has a first thermal conductivity, the transition layer has a second thermal conductivity, and the insulation layer has a third thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is smaller than the second thermal conductivity and larger than the third thermal conductivity. The thickness of the transition layer and the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer satisfy the following relationship:

[0005] Furthermore, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer is greater than the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor, but less than the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer. in, This refers to the thickness of the transition layer, in meters (m). This refers to the second thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K). This refers to the inner surface temperature of the working layer, measured in Kelvin (K). This refers to the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer, in Kelvin (K). This refers to the ambient temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). It refers to the heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the insulation layer and the external environment, with the unit being W / (m²·K); This refers to the thermal resistance of the working layer, measured in m²·K / W. This refers to the thickness of the insulation layer, measured in meters (m). This refers to the third thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K).

[0006] According to the heat-insulating pool wall structure of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved: By setting a transition layer between the working layer and the insulation layer, with a second thermal conductivity greater than the first thermal conductivity, and the first thermal conductivity greater than the third thermal conductivity, and by precisely designing the thickness of the transition layer, an efficient and uniform heat conduction channel is ensured between the working layer and the insulation layer. This allows the heat received by the working layer to be quickly conducted to the insulation layer along the plane of the pool wall. On the one hand, this prevents heat from accumulating on the back-fired surface of the working layer and causing overheating, keeping the temperature of the back-fired surface of the working layer above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer. Therefore, it effectively avoids the formation of an atmospheric odor inside the kiln. The alkali vapor in the working layer condenses into liquid alkali on the surface of the bricks, thus preventing the liquid alkali from penetrating into the interior through the pores and grain boundaries of the bricks and reacting with components such as SiO2 and Al2O3 in the bricks, which would lead to chemical corrosion. It also prevents the precipitation of glass phase in the bricks of the working layer, which would cause the brick structure to become loose, its strength to decrease, and its abnormal expansion. On the other hand, the insulation layer, which is made of insulation material with a relatively low thermal conductivity, can greatly reduce the heat loss to the external environment and significantly reduce the heat loss of the pool wall structure. It achieves the dual functions of energy saving and efficiency improvement and service life extension.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the ratio of the third thermal conductivity to the first thermal conductivity ranges from 1:110 to 1:90.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the ratio of the first thermal conductivity to the second thermal conductivity ranges from 1:10 to 2:5.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the working layer comprises at least one of fused high-zirconium bricks, chromium-zirconium corundum bricks, and chromium corundum bricks.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the transition layer comprises at least one of silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks and recrystallized silicon carbide bricks.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the transition layer ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the insulation layer comprises at least one of a nanoporous insulation board and a high-performance ceramic fiber module.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the temperature of the side of the insulation layer facing away from the transition layer is at most 100°C.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a glass furnace, including the heat-insulating pool wall structure provided in the first aspect above.

[0015] Since the glass furnace includes an insulated pool wall structure, which has the same beneficial effects as the insulated pool wall structure, it will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulated pool wall in this embodiment.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100 - High-temperature glass melt, 200 - Working layer, 300 - Transition layer, 400 - Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this embodiment. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Glass melting furnaces are the core thermal equipment in the glass industry, accounting for over 70% of the energy consumption in the entire production process. The furnace walls, constructed of refractory bricks, are in direct contact with molten glass (>1500℃), making them the primary area for heat loss and material corrosion. In particular, the wall bricks near the molten glass level are the most vulnerable and critical parts of the furnace due to the extreme environment at the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface. To mitigate corrosion of the wall bricks near the molten glass level, external air cooling is used to lower the temperature of the wall bricks through forced convection. However, this method has the following drawbacks: (1) External air cooling consumes a lot of electricity, accounting for 1% to 3% of the total energy consumption of the melting furnace. At the same time, the cooling equipment is complex and has high maintenance costs; (2) During the forced convection heat dissipation process, a large amount of heat energy in the glass melting furnace is ineffectively dissipated into the environment through radiation and convection. The heat loss from the pool wall can account for 5% to 20% of the total heat loss of the melting furnace, resulting in a huge waste of energy. (3) The melting zone temperature of the glass melting furnace can reach about 1500℃. Under such high temperature conditions, the alkaline oxides of glass will volatilize and generate alkaline vapor, resulting in a large amount of alkaline vapor in the furnace atmosphere. Forced air cooling can easily reduce the surface temperature of the pool wall bricks to below the condensation temperature of alkaline vapor (specifically about 1000℃), providing an ideal condensation surface for alkaline vapor. The condensed liquid alkali penetrates into the interior along the opening pores and grain boundaries of the brick body and reacts chemically with components such as SiO2 and Al2O3 in the refractory brick body to form a low eutectic. This reaction is accompanied by a volume expansion of about 20%~30%, generating huge structural stress, causing the brick surface to become loose and peel off layer by layer, continuously exposing fresh reaction surfaces, thereby actively inducing chemical erosion and shortening the service life of the melting furnace pool wall. (4) Forced air cooling creates a temperature difference of up to nearly 1300°C between the inner side (temperature of about 1500°C) and the outer side (temperature of about 200°C) of the furnace wall, generating huge thermal stress. This thermal stress can cause thermal shock cracks in the bricks, providing a rapid channel for the penetration of alkali vapor and liquid alkali. At the same time, it causes uneven expansion in the thickness direction of the bricks, turning the brick joints from ideal "surface contact" to "line contact", significantly increasing the risk of glass melt leakage along the brick joints.

[0023] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment provides the following insulated pool wall structure and glass melting furnace.

[0024] The following is combined Figure 1 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a heat-insulating pool wall structure is provided, applied to a glass melting furnace for containing high-temperature molten glass 100, the temperature range of the high-temperature molten glass 100 being 1500°C to 1550°C. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the insulated pool wall includes a working layer 200, a transition layer 300, and an insulation layer 400 connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The working layer 200 has a first thermal conductivity, the transition layer 300 has a second thermal conductivity, and the insulation layer 400 has a third thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is smaller than the second thermal conductivity but larger than the third thermal conductivity.

[0026] The thickness of the transition layer 300 and the back-fire surface temperature of the working layer 200 satisfy the following relationship:

[0027] Furthermore, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is greater than the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and less than the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material of the working layer 200. in, This refers to the thickness of the transition layer 300, in meters (m). This refers to the second thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K). This refers to the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200, in Kelvin (K). This refers to the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200, in Kelvin (K). This refers to the ambient temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). It refers to the heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the insulation layer 400 and the external environment, with the unit being W / (m²·K); This refers to the thermal resistance of the working layer 200, expressed in m²·K / W. This refers to the thickness of the insulation layer 400, in meters (m). This refers to the third thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K).

[0028] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, in the above structure, a transition layer 300 is provided between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400. The second thermal conductivity is greater than the first thermal conductivity, the first thermal conductivity is greater than the third thermal conductivity, and the thickness of the transition layer 300 is precisely designed to ensure that an efficient and uniform heat conduction channel is established between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400. In this way, the heat received by the working layer 200 can be quickly conducted to the insulation layer 400 along the plane of the pool wall. On the one hand, it prevents heat from accumulating on the back-fired surface of the working layer 200, thus preventing overheating. The temperature of the back-fired surface of the working layer 200 is maintained above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200. This effectively prevents the alkali vapor in the kiln atmosphere from condensing into liquid alkali on the brick surface of the working layer 200, thus preventing the liquid alkali from penetrating into the interior along the pores and grain boundaries of the brick and reacting chemically with components such as SiO2 and Al2O3 in the refractory brick, leading to chemical corrosion. It also prevents the precipitation of the glass phase in the brick of the working layer 200, which would cause the brick structure to become porous, its strength reduced, and abnormally expanded. On the other hand, the insulation layer 400, composed of insulation material with relatively low thermal conductivity, can significantly reduce heat loss to the external environment and greatly reduce heat dissipation loss from the pool wall structure; thus achieving both energy saving and efficiency improvement, and extending service life.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, because the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is maintained above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200 (i.e., the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is at least greater than 1000°C), the temperature difference between the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200 and the temperature of the unexposed surface (approximately 1500°C) is at most 500°C. Compared to the traditional forced air cooling method that creates a temperature difference of nearly 1300°C, this effectively reduces the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference, effectively preventing thermal shock cracks in the brick of the working layer 200. This effectively blocks the rapid inward penetration of liquid alkali; it also reduces the non-uniform expansion and deterioration of the brick joints caused by the temperature difference in the brick of the working layer 200, significantly reducing the risk of glass leakage. Furthermore, the inner surface of the working layer 200 faces the interior of the glass melting furnace and is in direct contact with the high-temperature molten glass 100, so the temperature of the inner surface of the working layer 200 is essentially equal to the temperature of the high-temperature molten glass 100.

[0030] It should be noted that the insulation layer 400 is made of an ultra-low thermal conductivity material with a third thermal conductivity far lower than that of traditional insulation bricks. This provides greater thermal resistance, reducing the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400 to a safe level (at most 100℃). Compared to traditional forced convection cooling that reduces the outer surface temperature of the tank wall to 200℃, this method can reduce the heat flux density of the outer surface of the insulation layer 400 by more than 50%. Heat loss from the tank wall structure (accounting for 5%~20% of the total heat loss of the glass melting furnace) can be reduced by more than 50%, corresponding to a reduction of approximately 3%~10% in the total fuel consumption of the melting furnace. For a large float glass melting furnace, the annual energy-saving benefits can reach tens of millions of yuan.

[0031] It should be noted that the pool wall structure in this embodiment eliminates the power-consuming forced air cooling, which can further reduce energy consumption.

[0032] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the phenomenon of surface deterioration and loose structure of the refractory bricks of the working layer 200 due to chemical erosion can be reduced. Therefore, the natural convection formed by the temperature difference between the lower temperature glass melt near the pool wall and the higher temperature glass melt in the center of the kiln pool is less likely to damage the refractory bricks of the working layer 200.

[0033] It should be noted that, compared to a pool wall structure where the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400 are connected sequentially from the inside out, under boundary conditions of a glass melt temperature of 1500℃ and an ambient temperature of 30℃, steady-state heat transfer calculations show that the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 will reach approximately 1450℃. This temperature far exceeds the significant precipitation temperature of the glass phase in the high-quality brick material of the working layer 200 (approximately 1400℃), leading to problems such as a loose brick structure, reduced strength, and abnormal expansion in the working layer 200, thus accelerating pool wall damage. In this embodiment, by setting a transition layer 300 between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400 and precisely designing the thickness of the transition layer 300, the unexposed surface temperature of the working layer 200 is ensured to remain above the alkali vapor condensation temperature and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200. This prevents the precipitation of the glass phase in the brick of the working layer 200, which would otherwise cause a loose brick structure, reduced strength, and abnormal expansion, thus extending its service life.

[0034] It should be noted that this embodiment provides the relationship between the thickness of the transition layer 300 and the back-fired surface temperature of the working layer 200, so that the selection of the thickness of the transition layer 300 no longer depends on individual experience, and has the basis for replication and promotion in various glass melting furnaces, covering fields such as float glass, bottles and jars, glass fiber, and special glass.

[0035] It is understood that the inner surface of the working layer 200 refers to the surface of the working layer 200 facing the interior of the glass melting furnace, that is, the surface of the working layer 200 away from the transition layer 300. The unexposed surface of the working layer 200 refers to the surface of the working layer 200 away from the interior of the glass melting furnace, that is, the surface of the working layer 200 facing the transition layer 300. The outer surface of the insulation layer 400 refers to the surface of the insulation layer 400 away from the interior of the glass melting furnace, that is, the surface of the insulation layer 400 away from the transition layer 300.

[0036] In specific applications, the glass phase precipitation temperature of the working layer 200 refers to the temperature at which the glass phase begins to significantly precipitate in the refractory bricks of the working layer 200. Preferably, the glass phase precipitation temperature of the working layer 200 is at least 1400℃, i.e., at least 1673.15K. The ambient temperature refers to the temperature outside the glass melting furnace (e.g., ...). Figure 1 As shown), the preferred temperature is 30°C, i.e., 303.15K.

[0037] In specific applications, the working layer 200 is in direct contact with the high-temperature molten glass 100 and is subjected to chemical erosion and physical scouring. The working layer 200 is composed of dense refractory bricks that are resistant to molten glass erosion and have stable high-temperature performance. The refractory bricks of the working layer 200 have good chemical stability and mechanical strength at high temperatures (such as 1400℃).

[0038] In specific applications, when the transition layer 300 is in a high-temperature environment above 1000℃, the second thermal conductivity is at least 10W / (m·K).

[0039] The following is a derivation of the formula principle regarding the thickness of the transition layer 300 and the back-fire surface temperature of the working layer 200: First, under steady-state heat conduction conditions, the heat flux density q per unit area through the pool wall structure with working layer 200, transition layer 300, and insulation layer 400 is equal everywhere. According to Fourier's law of heat conduction and the principle of thermal resistance series connection, the heat flux density q satisfies the following relationship:

[0040] Subsequently, the back surface temperature of the working layer 200 was obtained according to Fourier's law of thermal conductivity. The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0041] Then, according to Newton's law of cooling and Fourier's law of thermal conductivity, the heat flux density, the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400, and the ambient temperature satisfy the following relationship:

[0042] Of the three formulas above, It refers to the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200, that is, the temperature of the side in contact with the high-temperature molten glass 100. It is taken as the temperature of the mainstream area of ​​the molten glass, and the unit is K. It refers to the temperature of the unexposed side of the working layer 200, that is, the temperature of the side of the working layer 200 away from the high-temperature molten glass 100, and further to the temperature at the interface between the working layer 200 and the transition layer 300, in K. T4 refers to the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400, that is, the temperature of the side of the insulation layer 400 that is in contact with the outside atmosphere, and the unit is K; This refers to the ambient temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). R1= 1 / λ1 is the thermal resistance of the working layer 200, in units of (m²·K / W), where 1 refers to the thickness of the working layer 200, in meters (m); λ1 refers to the effective thermal conductivity of the working layer 200 in the corresponding temperature range, i.e., the first thermal conductivity, in W / (m·K). R2= 2 / λ2 is the thermal resistance of the 300mm transition layer, expressed in m²·K / W. 2 refers to the thickness of the transition layer 300, in meters (m); λ2 refers to the effective thermal conductivity of the transition layer 300 in the corresponding temperature range, i.e., the second thermal conductivity, in W / (m·K). R3= 3 / λ3 is the thermal resistance of the insulation layer 400, in units of (m²·K / W), where x3 refers to the thickness of the insulation layer 400 in meters (m); and λ3 refers to the effective thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 400 in the corresponding temperature range, i.e., the third thermal conductivity, in units of W / (m·K). It refers to the heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the insulation layer 400 and the external environment, with the unit being W / (m²·K). For the pool wall, an empirical value of α = 10~15 W / (m²·K) can be taken.

[0043] Finally, by combining the above three formulas and eliminating the intermediate variables (specifically the heat flux density q and the outer surface temperature T4 of the insulation layer 400), the formulas for the thickness of the transition layer 300 and the back surface temperature of the working layer 200 can be directly obtained.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ratio of the third thermal conductivity to the first thermal conductivity ranges from 1:110 to 1:90; the ratio of the first thermal conductivity to the second thermal conductivity ranges from 1:10 to 2:5. Preferably, the second thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K), the first thermal conductivity is 3 W / (m·K), and the third thermal conductivity is 0.03 W / (m·K). Through experimentation, the ratios of the first, second, and third thermal conductivityes are set within the above ranges to ensure that the transition layer 300 establishes an efficient and uniform heat conduction channel between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400, thereby enabling the rapid conduction of heat received by the working layer 200 to the insulation layer 400 along the plane of the pool wall. On the one hand, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is kept above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200. This effectively prevents the condensation of alkali vapor in the kiln atmosphere onto the brick surface of the working layer 200, thus avoiding chemical corrosion caused by liquid alkali. It also prevents the precipitation of the glass phase in the brick of the working layer 200, which could lead to a porous brick structure, reduced strength, and abnormal expansion. On the other hand, the insulation layer 400 is made of an ultra-low thermal conductivity material with a third thermal conductivity far lower than that of traditional insulation bricks. This provides greater thermal resistance, reducing the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400 to 100°C or below. This significantly reduces ineffective heat dissipation from the pool wall and, in conjunction with the transition layer 300, ensures that, under steady-state conditions, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 remains above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200.

[0045] In some embodiments, the working layer 200 comprises at least one of fused high-zirconium bricks, chromium-zirconium-alumina bricks, and chromium-alumina bricks. Preferably, the working layer 200 is constructed using one of these three types of bricks. Fused high-zirconium bricks, chromium-zirconium-alumina bricks, or chromium-alumina bricks exhibit good chemical stability and mechanical strength at high temperatures (e.g., 1400°C), and are particularly resistant to damage near the glass melt line. Furthermore, the low glass phase content in these bricks ensures that even if a small amount of glass phase precipitates at high temperatures, it will not easily lead to a loose brick structure, reduced strength, or abnormal expansion, thus ensuring long-term resistance to chemical erosion and physical scouring.

[0046] In practical applications, considering that the condensation temperature of alkali vapor, determined experimentally using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) or differential thermal analysis (DTA), is approximately 1000℃, and that the glassy phase in refractory bricks such as fused high-zirconium bricks, chromium-zirconium-corundum bricks, or chromium-corundum bricks begins to precipitate significantly at temperatures above 1400℃, this embodiment preferably uses a back-fired surface temperature of the working layer 200 greater than 1200℃ and less than 1350℃. This provides a reliable safety margin and extends the service life of the pool wall structure.

[0047] In some embodiments, the transition layer 300 comprises at least one of silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide brick and recrystallized silicon carbide brick. Preferably, the transition layer 300 is constructed using one of silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide brick and recrystallized silicon carbide brick. Silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide brick or recrystallized silicon carbide brick possesses high thermal conductivity, high strength, good thermal shock resistance, and resistance to alkali corrosion at high temperatures. In particular, the third thermal conductivity of the transition layer 300 in the high-temperature range above 1000°C is at least 15 W / (m·K), thus ensuring that the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 remains above the alkali vapor condensation temperature and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200 under steady-state conditions.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the above structure, the high thermal conductivity of the transition layer 300 reduces the temperature difference between the inner and outer sides of the working layer 200 brick from nearly 1300℃ in traditional air-cooling methods to less than 200℃. This effectively eliminates the driving force that causes thermal shock cracks in the working layer 200 brick, thus effectively blocking the rapid infiltration of liquid alkali; it also reduces the non-uniform expansion and joint deterioration of the working layer 200 brick due to temperature differences, significantly reducing the risk of molten glass leakage.

[0049] In specific applications, multi-layered silicon carbide composite materials with gradient thermal conductivity, or high-purity alumina, aluminum nitride and other composite ceramics can be used to form a transition layer 300.

[0050] In this embodiment, considering the existing scale and size of glass melting furnaces, and while meeting the dual functions of energy saving and efficiency improvement and extended service life, the thickness of the transition layer 300 ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m in order to reduce the construction cost of the glass melting furnace. It should be noted that this embodiment utilizes the above-mentioned thickness relationship formula for typical melting furnace operating conditions (e.g., the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200 T1 = 1500℃, the target back-fired surface temperature of the working layer 200 T2 = 1300℃~1350℃, and the ambient temperature...). The thickness of the transition layer 300 was calculated based on the following conditions: temperature = 30℃, working layer 200 thickness = 0.25m, etc. Typically ranging from 0.02m to 0.2m, this range covers most industrial glass melting furnace applications. It ensures heat conduction while avoiding material waste caused by an excessively thick transition layer 300. This ensures the establishment of an efficient and uniform heat conduction channel between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400, thus enabling the heat received by the working layer 200 to be quickly conducted to the insulation layer 400 along the plane of the pool wall.

[0051] Furthermore, based on the erosion safety margin design, the thickness of the working layer 200 is set to 0.2 meters to 0.25 meters. The thickness of the insulation layer 400 is set to 0.03 meters to 0.15 meters.

[0052] In this embodiment, a temperature detection element is provided at the interface between the transition layer 300 and the working layer 200, which can monitor the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 in real time, so that the operator can observe whether the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is kept within a safe range in real time, so as to determine whether maintenance is required.

[0053] In some embodiments, the insulation layer 400 comprises at least one of a nanoporous insulation board and a high-performance ceramic fiber module. Preferably, the insulation layer 400 is made of one of a nanoporous insulation board and a high-performance ceramic fiber module and is tightly laid on the transition layer 300, such that the third thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 400 is at most 0.03 W / (m·K) at room temperature and at most 0.05 W / (m·K) at 600°C. This provides greater thermal resistance, reducing the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400 to a safe level and lowering the outer surface heat flux density of the insulation layer 400.

[0054] Specifically, the temperature of the side of the insulation layer 400 facing away from the transition layer 300 is at most 100°C, preferably 95°C. By providing a large thermal resistance, the outer surface temperature of the insulation layer 400 is reduced to 95°C. Compared to traditional forced convection cooling that lowers the outer surface temperature of the furnace wall to 200°C, this method reduces the heat flux density of the outer surface of the insulation layer 400 by more than 50%, reducing heat loss from the furnace wall structure (accounting for 5%~20% of the total heat dissipation of the glass melting furnace) by more than 50%, and correspondingly reducing the total fuel consumption of the melting furnace by approximately 3%~10%.

[0055] It is understandable that high-performance ceramic fiber modules refer to polycrystalline mullite fiber modules containing zirconium and chromium fibers.

[0056] In specific applications, the insulation layer 400 can also be set as a double-layer composite structure. Furthermore, the inner layer of the insulation layer 400 is a fiberboard with higher temperature resistance, and the outer layer of the insulation layer 400 is a high-efficiency nanoboard.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a glass furnace is also provided, including the above-described heat-insulating pool wall structure. The working layer 200 has a first thermal conductivity, the transition layer 300 has a second thermal conductivity, and the heat-insulating layer 400 has a third thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is smaller than the second thermal conductivity and larger than the third thermal conductivity.

[0058] The thickness of the transition layer 300 and the back-fire surface temperature of the working layer 200 satisfy the following relationship:

[0059] Furthermore, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200 is greater than the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and less than the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material of the working layer 200. in, This refers to the thickness of the transition layer 300, in meters (m). This refers to the second thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K). This refers to the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200, in Kelvin (K). This refers to the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer 200, in Kelvin (K). This refers to the ambient temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). It refers to the heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the insulation layer 400 and the external environment, with the unit being W / (m²·K); This refers to the thermal resistance of the working layer 200, expressed in m²·K / W. This refers to the thickness of the insulation layer 400, in meters (m). This refers to the third thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K).

[0060] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, in the above structure, a transition layer 300 is provided between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400. The second thermal conductivity is greater than the first thermal conductivity, and the first thermal conductivity is greater than the third thermal conductivity. The thickness of the transition layer 300 is precisely designed. Using the above thickness relationship formula, for typical furnace operating conditions (such as the inner surface temperature of the working layer 200 T1=1500℃, the target back-fired surface temperature of the working layer 200 T2=1300℃~1350℃, and the external ambient temperature...), The thickness of the transition layer 300 was calculated based on the following conditions: temperature = 30℃, working layer 200 thickness = 0.25m, etc. Typically ranging from 0.02m to 0.2m, this range covers most industrial glass melting furnace applications. It ensures heat conduction while avoiding material waste caused by an excessively thick transition layer 300. This ensures the establishment of an efficient and uniform heat conduction channel between the working layer 200 and the insulation layer 400, thus enabling the heat received by the working layer 200 to be quickly conducted to the insulation layer 400 along the plane of the pool wall. On the one hand, it prevents heat from accumulating on the back-fired surface of the working layer 200, thus preventing overheating. The temperature of the back-fired surface of the working layer 200 is maintained above the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and below the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material in the working layer 200. This effectively prevents the alkali vapor in the kiln atmosphere from condensing into liquid alkali on the brick surface of the working layer 200, thus preventing the liquid alkali from penetrating into the interior along the pores and grain boundaries of the brick and reacting chemically with components such as SiO2 and Al2O3 in the refractory brick, leading to chemical corrosion. It also prevents the precipitation of the glass phase in the brick of the working layer 200, which would cause the brick structure to become porous, its strength reduced, and abnormally expanded. On the other hand, the insulation layer 400, composed of insulation material with relatively low thermal conductivity, can significantly reduce heat loss to the external environment and greatly reduce heat dissipation loss from the pool wall structure; thus achieving both energy saving and efficiency improvement, and extending service life.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating pool wall structure, applied to a glass melting furnace for containing high-temperature molten glass (100), characterized in that, The pool wall structure includes a working layer (200), a transition layer (300), and an insulation layer (400) connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The working layer (200) has a first thermal conductivity, the transition layer (300) has a second thermal conductivity, and the insulation layer (400) has a third thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is smaller than the second thermal conductivity and larger than the third thermal conductivity. The thickness of the transition layer (300) and the back-fire surface temperature of the working layer (200) satisfy the following relationship: Furthermore, the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer (200) is greater than the condensation temperature of the alkali vapor and less than the glass phase precipitation temperature of the material of the working layer (200); in, This refers to the thickness of the transition layer (300), in meters (m). This refers to the second thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K). This refers to the inner surface temperature of the working layer (200), in K. This refers to the temperature of the unexposed surface of the working layer (200), in K. This refers to the ambient temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). It refers to the heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the insulation layer (400) and the external environment, with the unit being W / (m²·K); This refers to the thermal resistance of the working layer (200), expressed in m²·K / W. This refers to the thickness of the insulation layer (400), in meters (m). This refers to the third thermal conductivity, with units of W / (m·K).

2. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the third thermal conductivity to the first thermal conductivity ranges from 1:110 to 1:

90.

3. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the first thermal conductivity to the second thermal conductivity ranges from 1:10 to 2:

5.

4. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working layer (200) includes at least one of fused high zirconium brick, chromium zirconium corundum brick and chromium corundum brick.

5. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition layer (300) includes at least one of silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide brick and recrystallized silicon carbide brick.

6. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the transition layer (300) ranges from 0.02m to 0.2m.

7. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer (400) includes at least one of a nanoporous insulation board and a high-performance ceramic fiber module.

8. The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The temperature of the side of the insulation layer (400) facing away from the transition layer (300) is at most 100°C.

9. A glass kiln, characterized in that, The heat-insulating pool wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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