Glass bottle annealing apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a glass bottle annealing device and relates to the field of glass product annealing equipment. The glass bottle annealing device comprises a conveying belt arranged in a ring shape, which is composed of two arc segments and two straight line segments, and a plurality of clamping rotating mechanisms are installed on the conveying belt at intervals. An upper feeding station, a lower feeding station, a combustion chamber, a heat preservation chamber and a cooling mechanism are sequentially arranged on the ring-shaped path of the conveying belt, the upper feeding station and the lower feeding station are located on the same straight line segment and the lower feeding station is located upstream. The upper feeding station and the lower feeding station are respectively provided with an upper feeding conveying belt and a lower feeding conveying belt with a speed equal to that of the conveying belt, so that the glass bottle and the clamping rotating mechanism remain relatively stationary in the horizontal direction. The clamping rotating mechanism comprises a rotation driving module for driving the glass bottle to slowly rotate around its own axis and continuously change the clamped surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of glass annealing equipment, and in particular to a glass bottle annealing apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] During the glass bottle forming process, uneven cooling rates can lead to residual thermal stress inside the bottle. If this stress is not eliminated, it will severely affect the bottle's mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance. To eliminate this stress, the glass bottle needs to undergo annealing, which involves heating it to the annealing temperature and then slowly cooling it to make the internal structure more uniform and stable.

[0003] For related technologies, please refer to Chinese invention patent CN118515421B. This invention patent discloses a stress annealing device for glass bottle production, including a straight groove frame. A combustion chamber is located on one side of the straight groove frame, and a cooling mechanism is located on the other side. A conveyor belt is installed at the bottom of the straight groove frame, and several intermediate cylinders are movably installed at the bottom of the conveyor belt. Clamping pads are fixedly connected to the ends of the clamping arms. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling chamber with a channel in the middle. Short shafts are movably installed in the middle of each cooling chamber, and the inner ends of the short shafts extend into the interior of the cooling chamber and are fixedly connected to a cross-shaped brush plate. This invention uses a sequential conveying method to feed glass bottles into the combustion chamber, and utilizes a rack and pinion plate and gears on the intermediate cylinders to complete the rotation of the glass bottles during their movement, achieving a comprehensive heating and baking effect, improving the overall baking coverage and quality, and thus improving the annealing quality.

[0004] However, existing stress annealing equipment for glass bottle production still has the following shortcomings: It uses a linear conveyor belt with a loading / unloading mechanism at one end. When the grippers on the conveyor belt move to the loading / unloading station, the entire conveyor belt must stop. The loading / unloading mechanism then places the glass bottles to be annealed onto the grippers or removes annealed bottles. After the loading / unloading process is completed, the conveyor belt restarts to send the glass bottles into the heating section. This intermittent operation not only leads to frequent motor starts and stops and a large starting load, but also the time the conveyor belt spends waiting time occupies the entire production cycle, severely reducing the processing efficiency of the annealing production line. Simultaneously, during the heating process, the contact point between the grippers and the glass bottle remains constant, preventing the clamped area from directly receiving heat radiation, creating a heating dead zone. This results in insufficient stress relief in this area, affecting the overall quality of the glass bottle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a glass bottle annealing device that solves the problems of frequent motor start-stop during loading and unloading, low efficiency, and the fact that the contact point between the gripper and the glass bottle remains unchanged during heating, resulting in a heating dead zone.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a glass bottle annealing apparatus, which includes a conveyor belt arranged in a ring, the conveyor belt comprising two arc segments and two straight segments, and a plurality of clamping and rotating mechanisms for clamping glass bottles are installed at intervals on the conveyor belt, each clamping and rotating mechanism comprising a central cylinder and a clamping arm installed at the lower part of the central cylinder, and the following are sequentially arranged on the ring path of the conveyor belt: There is a loading station and a unloading station, the loading station and the unloading station are located on the same straight segment on the conveyor belt, and the unloading station is located upstream of the loading station along the running direction of the conveyor belt; A combustion chamber for heating glass bottles, the combustion chamber being located on an arc segment of a conveyor belt, and a control panel being provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber; An insulation chamber for heat preservation, the insulation chamber being located on another straight segment; A cooling mechanism for cooling, the cooling mechanism being located on another arc segment; The loading station is equipped with a loading conveyor belt, and the unloading station is equipped with an unloading conveyor belt. The conveying speed of the loading conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt is equal to the running speed of the conveyor belt, so that the glass bottle and the corresponding clamping and rotating mechanism remain relatively stationary in the horizontal direction at the loading station and the unloading station. The clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a self-rotation drive module, which drives the clamped glass bottle to rotate slowly relative to the middle cylinder around its own axis, and causes the surface of the glass bottle being clamped to change continuously.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the conveyor belt is designed as a ring structure, with unloading and loading stations sequentially set on the same straight segment. Simultaneously, the conveying speeds of the loading and unloading conveyor belts are equal to the overall conveyor belt speed, enabling automatic unloading and loading of glass bottles without stopping the conveyor belt. Continuous operation of the conveyor belt allows glass bottles to pass uninterruptedly through the combustion chamber, insulation chamber, and cooling mechanism, significantly improving the processing efficiency of the annealing production line. Furthermore, the self-rotating drive module in the clamping and rotating mechanism drives the clamped glass bottle to slowly rotate around its own axis, causing the contact point between the clamping arm and the glass bottle to continuously change along the circumference of the bottle mouth. Previously obscured areas are periodically exposed to the heat source and cooling airflow, reducing heating and cooling dead zones and ensuring that the entire surface of the glass bottle undergoes the annealing temperature curve uniformly. Ultimately, residual stress is fully and uniformly eliminated, achieving the effects of improving the quality of finished glass bottles and increasing efficiency.

[0008] In one optional implementation, both the feeding conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt are L-shaped conveyor belts. Each L-shaped conveyor belt has a short side segment and a long side segment. The short side segment is located directly below the conveyor belt, and the long side segment is located outside the conveyor belt. The conveying direction of the short side segment of the feeding conveyor belt is to push glass bottles from the outside to the inside, and the conveying direction of the short side segment of the unloading conveyor belt is to push glass bottles from the inside to the outside. The feeding conveyor belt and the unloading conveyor belt are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the conveyor belt, with a gap between them. This gap is greater than the product of the time required for the clamp to open and close and the running speed of the conveyor belt.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, both the feeding and unloading conveyor belts are designed in an L-shape, with the shorter side directly below the conveyor belt and the longer side on the outside. This layout makes full use of the space under the conveyor belt and reduces motion interference with the upper clamping and rotating mechanism. The feeding conveyor belt pushes glass bottles from the outside to the inside, while the unloading conveyor belt pushes them from the inside to the outside. Their directions are opposite, but their speeds are synchronized with the conveyor belt, ensuring that the glass bottles remain relatively stationary with their corresponding clamping and rotating mechanisms in the horizontal direction. This achieves precise handover during the continuous movement of the conveyor belt. By leaving a specific gap between the feeding and unloading conveyor belts—a gap greater than the product of the time required for the clamping arm to open and close and the conveyor belt's running speed—suffices to ensure that the clamping arm has sufficient time to rise and reset after opening and unloading bottles at the unloading station, preventing collisions with glass bottles waiting to be clamped at the feeding station. This improves the success rate and stability of loading and unloading.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, there are three clamping arms evenly distributed along the circumference of the middle cylinder. The end of each clamping arm is configured as a U-shaped fork. A short shaft is installed between the two side walls of the U-shaped fork. A roller is mounted on the short shaft through two miniature deep groove ball bearings. The outer circumferential surface of the roller is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the neck of the glass bottle. When the clamping arms are closed, the three rollers contact and clamp the neck of the glass bottle from three directions, and the rollers can rotate freely as the glass bottle rotates.

[0011] By employing the above technical solution, three evenly distributed clamping arms are used, each with a freely rotatable roller at its end. The arc-shaped groove on the outer circumference of the roller matches the neck of the glass bottle, forming a three-point centering clamping structure. When the clamping arms are closed, the three rollers simultaneously contact the bottle neck from three directions. The rollers are mounted on a short shaft via miniature deep groove ball bearings, resulting in minimal frictional resistance. When the glass bottle is driven to rotate by the rotation module, the rollers rotate synchronously with the bottle, transforming the clamping contact from traditional static friction sliding contact to rolling contact. This significantly reduces the resistance during the bottle's rotation and also minimizes relative sliding scratches between the clamping surface and the bottle. Because the rollers can rotate freely, the contact point between the rollers and the bottle neck continuously changes along the circumference of the rollers and the bottle neck during rotation. The bottle neck surface, previously obscured by the rollers, is periodically exposed, reducing the heating dead zone in the clamping area and improving the uniformity of stress elimination and the quality of the finished product.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the self-rotation drive module includes a fixed rack plate, a gear meshing with the rack, and a rolling bearing. The gear is sleeved on the upper end of the middle cylinder. The outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the clamping arm, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle cylinder. The rolling bearing is used to bidirectionally isolate the self-rotation caused by the gear meshing, so that the clamping arm remains stationary relative to the middle cylinder.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a fixed rack plate meshes with a gear sleeved on the upper end of the middle cylinder. When the conveyor belt drives the middle cylinder along a circular path, the gear rotates around its own axis under the drive of the fixed rack plate. This rotation is directly transmitted to the middle cylinder, causing the entire middle cylinder to rotate. The rotation of the middle cylinder drives the glass bottle to rotate synchronously through internal transmission elements such as friction blocks. At the same time, by setting a rolling bearing between the clamping arm and the middle cylinder, with the inner ring of the rolling bearing fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle cylinder and the outer ring fixedly connected to the clamping arm, bidirectional isolation is achieved: when the middle cylinder rotates, the inner ring of the rolling bearing rotates with the middle cylinder, while the outer ring and the clamping arm fixed thereon remain stationary due to inertia and the low friction characteristics of the bearing, and do not rotate with the middle cylinder. This ensures that the clamping arm does not rotate when the glass bottle rotates, thereby generating relative motion between the roller and the glass bottle. The roller can rotate with the glass bottle, and the clamping point changes continuously, thus improving the reliability of the device operation.

[0014] In one optional implementation, a metal lifting rod is movably connected inside each of the middle cylinders. A movable seat is fixedly connected to the lower part of each metal lifting rod. Three first connecting rods are movably connected to the outer diameter of each movable seat. The ends of the first connecting rods are movably connected to the inner ends of the corresponding clamping arms. An electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of each middle cylinder. Several first levers are hinged to the inner walls of the electromagnets via several second connecting rods. A metal counterweight is fixedly installed at one end of each first lever. The end of each first lever away from the metal counterweight is connected to... A vertically arranged third link is connected to the metal lifting rod, which has several through holes. A friction block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third link. The size of the friction block is smaller than the size of the glass bottle opening. The friction block is used to clamp the glass bottle from the inside. The weight of the metal counterweight is preset such that when the electromagnet is not energized, the lever at one end of the metal counterweight is located at the bottom, and the friction block is in its initial position. When the electromagnet is energized, the metal counterweight rises under the action of magnetic force, and the lever simultaneously drives the third link to descend, thereby allowing the friction block to enter the glass bottle opening.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the electromagnet is not energized, the metal counterweight causes the counterweight end of the first lever to sink under the action of gravity, driving the third connecting rod to rise, and the friction block is in a retracted state. When the electromagnet is energized, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet overcomes the gravity of the counterweight and attracts it up. The first lever swings around the hinge point, the counterweight end rises, and the end of the third connecting rod descends. The vertically set third connecting rod pushes the friction block downward and into the mouth of the glass bottle. Since the size of the friction block is smaller than the inner diameter of the bottle mouth, it can smoothly enter the bottle mouth. After entering, it expands from the inside, providing double clamping for the glass bottle from both inside and outside. The combined effect of the two ensures that the glass bottle will neither fall off nor slip during its rotation. The on and off state of the electromagnet directly controls the timing of the extension and retraction of the friction block. The clamping action of the clamping arm is driven by the same electromagnet, achieving the effect of ensuring precise coordination of the loading and unloading sequence.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the friction block is cylindrical with a cavity in the middle and an annular groove on its outer periphery. Several through slots are formed on the surface of the annular groove, and an elastic metal ring is fitted inside the annular groove, covering all the through slots. Several second levers are hinged to the inner wall of the electromagnet via several second connecting rods. The second levers have the same structure as the first lever. A vertically arranged fourth connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the second lever away from the metal counterweight. A conical core is fixedly connected to the end of the fourth connecting rod. The conical core is used to compress the elastic metal ring, causing it to expand and clamp the glass bottle after entering the bottle opening. The working surface of the elastic metal ring is coated with a friction coating. The arrangement height of the second levers is preset such that the second lever only drives the conical core downwards after the first lever has driven the friction block into the bottle opening, causing the elastic metal ring to expand.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, an annular groove is set on the outer periphery of the friction block and an elastic metal ring is fitted on it. A through groove on the surface of the groove allows the conical core to directly contact the inner wall of the elastic metal ring. When the first lever drives the friction block into the bottle mouth, the second lever, under the magnetic force of the electromagnet, drives the fourth connecting rod and the conical core downwards. The conical surface of the conical core passes through the through groove and squeezes the elastic metal ring, causing the elastic metal ring to expand radially outwards. The friction coating on its outer surface tightly presses against the inner wall of the bottle mouth. Because the elastic metal ring has an open ring structure, it has good elastic recovery ability. When the conical core rises, the elastic metal ring automatically contracts and resets, facilitating the removal of the pressing block from the bottle mouth. This tightening method has the advantages of large contact area, uniform pressure, and minimal damage to the inner wall of the bottle mouth. The coated friction coating maintains a high coefficient of friction even at high temperatures, ensuring sufficient frictional torque is transmitted without slippage when the glass bottle rotates. By presetting the arrangement height of the first and second levers, timing control is achieved: the friction block enters the bottle mouth first, and then the conical top core presses down to tighten the elastic metal ring. This ensures that the tightening action is initiated only after the friction block is in place, avoiding premature expansion of the elastic metal ring that would hinder the entry of the friction block. This keeps the glass bottle stable during rotation and reduces the clamping dead zone, thereby improving the uniformity of annealing and the stability of the process.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, a cascade waste heat recovery device is provided between the combustion chamber and the insulation chamber. The device includes a heat exchanger, the hot side inlet of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber, and the hot side outlet of which is connected to the insulation chamber.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a tiered waste heat recovery device is installed between the combustion chamber and the insulation chamber. The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber is introduced through the hot-side inlet of a heat exchanger, and after heat exchange, it is sent to the insulation chamber from the hot-side outlet. The flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber is at a high temperature, and direct emission would result in significant energy waste, while the insulation chamber requires relatively low heat to maintain the insulation temperature of the glass bottles. By transferring some of the heat from the high-temperature flue gas to the insulation chamber through the heat exchanger, the exhaust temperature is reduced, thermal pollution is decreased, and a free heat source is provided for the insulation chamber, eliminating the need for additional fuel or electricity to heat it. Simultaneously, since the flue gas entering the insulation chamber has undergone heat exchange and its temperature has been reduced to a suitable range for insulation, the direct impact of high-temperature flue gas on the glass bottles, which could lead to localized overheating, is reduced. This achieves the effect of improving the overall energy utilization rate of the annealing unit and reducing operating costs.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, a blower is provided on one side of the combustion chamber. The blower blows airflow into the combustion chamber through the cold side inlet of a heat exchanger. The cold side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber to transfer the heat of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber to the combustion air entering the combustion chamber.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the blower blows ambient temperature air into the heat exchanger from the cold side inlet. Inside the heat exchanger, the air exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas on the hot side, absorbing heat from the flue gas and significantly increasing its temperature. It then flows out from the cold side outlet and into the combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber, where it participates in combustion as preheated combustion air. The increased temperature of the preheated combustion air results in a higher flame temperature and more complete combustion in the combustion chamber, thereby improving fuel combustion efficiency and heat utilization, and reducing fuel consumption. Simultaneously, because the combustion air is preheated, the time required for the combustion chamber to reach the set temperature is shortened, further improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the flue gas temperature is further reduced before emission during the heat exchange process, reducing thermal pollution. The heat from the combustion chamber exhaust is used sequentially to preheat the combustion air and heat the insulation chamber, forming a complete heat recovery chain and achieving the effect of reducing the energy consumption of the entire annealing unit.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By using a circular conveyor belt in conjunction with a synchronously speeding L-shaped conveyor belt, the unloading and loading stations are located on the same straight section, enabling automatic loading and unloading without stopping the conveyor belt during continuous operation. This avoids the load impact caused by frequent motor starts and stops, reduces waiting time, and allows glass bottles to continuously pass through each processing area, significantly improving the processing efficiency and equipment operational stability of the annealing production line; 2. A fixed rack and pinion meshing mechanism drives the middle cylinder to rotate, while rolling bearings keep the clamping arms stationary. Simultaneously, freely rotating rollers clamp the bottle neck from the outside. As the glass bottle rotates, the rollers follow, causing the clamping point to continuously change along the circumference of the bottle mouth. This reduces heating and cooling dead zones, ensuring uniform annealing across the entire surface of the glass bottle, significantly improving stress relief and finished product quality. 3. A tiered waste heat recovery device is installed between the combustion chamber and the insulation chamber. The high-temperature flue gas is first used to preheat the combustion air before being sent to the insulation chamber for heat preservation. The preheated combustion air makes combustion more complete and reduces fuel consumption; the recovered flue gas heat provides a free heat source for the insulation chamber, eliminating the need for additional heating, thus forming a complete heat recovery chain and significantly reducing the overall energy consumption and operating costs of the unit. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a glass bottle annealing device.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping and rotating mechanism.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the middle cylinder.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Conveyor belt; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Insulation chamber; 4. Cooling mechanism; 5. Feeding conveyor belt; 6. Discharging conveyor belt; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Blower; 9. Middle cylinder; 10. Clamping arm; 11. U-shaped fork; 12. Roller; 13. Gear; 14. Rolling bearing; 15. Movable seat; 16. First connecting rod; 17. Friction block; 18. Elastic metal ring; 19. Conical top core; 20. Second connecting rod; 21. First lever; 22. Metal counterweight; 23. Third connecting rod; 24. Second lever; 25. Fourth connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. It should be understood that when component A is fixedly connected to component C via component B, changes in the relative positional relationship due to deformation of components A, B, and C are permissible. The integrated structure obtained by the two components through a one-piece molding process means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to connect the two components.

[0030] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0031] The term "multiple" refers to at least two. The term "more than" includes the stated number. The term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0032] This application discloses a glass bottle annealing apparatus.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 An annealing apparatus for glass bottles includes a conveyor belt 1 arranged in a ring, which is formed by two arc segments and two straight segments connected end to end to form a closed loop. A loading station, a unloading station, a combustion chamber 2, a heat preservation chamber 3, and a cooling mechanism 4 are sequentially arranged along the ring path of the conveyor belt 1.

[0034] The loading station and the unloading station are located on the same straight section of conveyor belt 1, and along the running direction of conveyor belt 1, the unloading station is located upstream of the loading station.

[0035] Combustion chamber 2 is located on one arc segment of conveyor belt 1, and a control panel is installed on the outer wall of combustion chamber 2. Insulation chamber 3 is located on the straight segment on the other side, and cooling mechanism 4 is located on the remaining arc segment.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Multiple clamping and rotating mechanisms are installed at intervals on the conveyor belt 1. Each clamping and rotating mechanism includes a middle cylinder 9 and a clamping arm 10 installed at the lower part of the middle cylinder 9.

[0037] A gear 13 is fitted on the upper part of the outer wall of the middle cylinder 9. The gear 13 meshes with a rack plate fixedly installed along the path of the conveyor belt 1. When the conveyor belt 1 drives the middle cylinder 9 to move forward, the gear 13 rotates around its own axis under the drive of the fixed rack plate, thereby driving the entire middle cylinder 9 to rotate.

[0038] Three clamping arms 10 are mounted on the lower part of the middle cylinder 9 via rolling bearings 14. The inner ring of the rolling bearings 14 is fixed to the outer wall of the middle cylinder 9 by an interference fit, and the outer ring of the rolling bearings 14 is fixedly connected to the root of the three clamping arms 10 by a connecting sleeve. A high-temperature resistant camera is installed on the clamping arms 10, which can operate normally at the working temperature of the combustion chamber 2.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 Three clamping arms 10 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the middle cylinder 9, and the end of each clamping arm 10 is provided with a U-shaped fork head 11. A short shaft is installed between the two side walls of the U-shaped fork head 11, and a roller 12 is mounted on the short shaft through two miniature deep groove ball bearings. The outer circumferential surface of the roller 12 is machined with an arc-shaped groove that matches the neck of the glass bottle. When the clamping arms 10 are closed, the three rollers 12 simultaneously contact and clamp the neck of the glass bottle from three directions. Since the rollers 12 can rotate freely, they can rotate with the glass bottle as it rotates.

[0040] A metal lifting rod is vertically and movably connected inside the middle cylinder 9, and a movable seat 15 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the metal lifting rod. Three first connecting rods 16 are respectively hinged to the outer circumference of the movable seat 15 by three pins, and the end of each first connecting rod 16 is hinged to the inner end of the corresponding side clamping arm 10.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 An electromagnet is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the middle cylinder 9. The electromagnet is ring-shaped and has a through hole in the center for a metal lifting rod to pass through. Two first levers 21 are hinged to the inner wall of the electromagnet by two second connecting rods 20. A metal counterweight 22 is fixedly installed at one end of each first lever 21 near the center of the middle cylinder 9, and a third connecting rod 23 extending vertically downward is connected to the other end.

[0042] The inner cylinder 9 has several through holes for the third connecting rod 23 to pass through. The lower end of the third connecting rod 23 passes through these through holes and is fixedly connected to a cylindrical friction block 17. The diameter of the friction block 17 is smaller than the inner diameter of the glass bottle opening. It has a cavity in its middle and an annular groove machined on its outer circumference. Multiple radial through grooves are formed on the surface of the annular groove. An open elastic metal ring 18 is fitted inside the annular groove, covering all the through grooves. The outer circumference of the elastic metal ring 18 is coated with a high-temperature resistant friction coating.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 Two second levers 24 are hinged to the inner wall of the electromagnet via two additional second connecting rods 20. The second levers 24 have the same structure as the first lever 21. Each second lever 24 has a vertical fourth connecting rod 25 fixedly connected to the end away from the counterweight. The lower end of the fourth connecting rod 25 passes through another through hole in the wall of the middle cylinder 9 and is fixedly connected to a [reference]. Figure 3 , Conical top core 19.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The conical top core 19 is shaped like a frustum of a cone, with its large end facing upwards and its small end facing downwards. The axis of the conical top core 19 coincides with the axis of the cavity of the friction block 17.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The installation height of the second lever 24 is preset so that the second lever 24 will not drive the fourth link 25 to press down when the friction block 17 has not entered the glass bottle mouth.

[0046] Reference Figure 1A feeding conveyor belt 5 is installed at the feeding station, and a discharging conveyor belt 6 is installed at the discharging station. Both the feeding conveyor belt 5 and the discharging conveyor belt 6 are L-shaped conveyor belts, and each L-shaped conveyor belt is formed by a short side segment and a long side segment connected vertically.

[0047] The short side section is located directly below conveyor belt 1, and the long side section is located outside conveyor belt 1. The conveying direction of the short side section of the feeding conveyor belt 5 is to push glass bottles from the outside to the inside, and the conveying direction of the short side section of the unloading conveyor belt 6 is to push glass bottles from the inside to the outside.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The feeding conveyor belt 5 and the unloading conveyor belt 6 are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the conveyor belt 1, and the distance between them is greater than the product of the time required for the clamp arm 10 to go from fully open to fully closed and the running speed of the conveyor belt 1.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 A cascade waste heat recovery device is installed between the combustion chamber 2 and the insulation chamber 3. This device includes a plate heat exchanger 7. The hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion chamber 2 through a high-temperature resistant pipe, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the interior of the insulation chamber 3 through another pipe.

[0050] A blower 8 is also installed on one side of the combustion chamber 2. The air outlet of the blower 8 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 7 through a pipe. The cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber 2 through a pipe.

[0051] During operation, conveyor belt 1 runs continuously along a circular path at a constant speed. When the unloaded clamping and rotating mechanism moves with conveyor belt 1 to the unloading station, the short side section of the unloading conveyor belt 6 pushes the annealed glass bottles from the inside to the outside at the same speed as conveyor belt 1.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 After the control panel detects the signal that the middle cylinder 9 is in position, the electromagnet is de-energized. Under the action of the weight of the counterweight, the second lever 24 causes the fourth link 25 to rise, the conical top core 19 disengages from the elastic metal ring 18, and the metal counterweight 22 causes the counterweight end of the first lever 21 to sink under the action of gravity. The third link 23 then pulls the friction block 17 to rise to the retracted position.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The clamping arm 10 opens under the action of the metal lifting rod and the first connecting rod 16, and the finished glass bottle falls onto the short side of the feeding conveyor belt 6, is conveyed outward to the long side, and finally sent to the discharge conveyor belt.

[0054] After unloading the bottles, the middle cylinder 9 continues to move forward to the loading station. The short side section of the loading conveyor belt 5 pushes the glass bottles to be annealed from the outside to the inside at the same speed as the conveyor belt 1, so that the glass bottles are exactly under the middle cylinder 9.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The control panel issues another command, energizing the electromagnet. The magnetic force generated by the electromagnet simultaneously attracts the metal counterweights 22 on the first lever 21 and the second lever 24, overcoming gravity and causing the counterweight end to rise. Thus, the first lever 21 pushes the friction block 17 down into the glass bottle mouth through the third link 23, and the second lever 24 pushes the conical top core 19 downward through the fourth link 25.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 Due to the preset height of the second lever 24, the friction block 17 first enters the bottle mouth. Then, the conical surface of the conical core 19 passes through the through groove on the annular groove of the friction block 17, squeezing the elastic metal ring 18 to expand radially. The friction coating on the outer surface of the elastic metal ring 18 tightly presses against the inner wall of the bottle mouth. At the same time, the metal lifting rod rises under the attraction of the electromagnet, pulling the three clamping arms 10 together through the movable seat 15 and the first connecting rod 16. The roller 12 clamps the bottle neck from the outside. Thus, the glass bottle is clamped from both inside and outside.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Subsequently, the conveyor belt 1 delivers the middle cylinder 9, which holds the glass bottle, into the combustion chamber 2 on the arc segment. As the middle cylinder 9 moves, the gear 13 meshes with the fixed rack plate, causing it to rotate and rotate as a whole. Because the middle cylinder 9 is isolated from the clamping arm 10 by a rolling bearing 14, the clamping arm 10 does not rotate with the middle cylinder 9 and remains stationary. The rotation of the middle cylinder 9 is transmitted to the glass bottle through the internal friction block 17 and elastic metal ring 18, causing the glass bottle to slowly rotate around its own axis. As the glass bottle rotates, the three rollers 12 rotate freely under the influence of the glass bottle, causing the contact point between the rollers 12 and the bottle mouth to continuously change along the circumference.

[0058] The high-temperature flame in combustion chamber 2 heats the glass bottle. As the glass bottle continues to rotate, the bottleneck section, which was previously blocked by roller 12, is periodically exposed to the flame, achieving uniform heating. After heating is complete, the glass bottle enters the insulation chamber 3 on the straight section.

[0059] At this time, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from combustion chamber 2 enters through the hot-side inlet of heat exchanger 7 and exchanges heat with the room-temperature air blown in by blower 8 on the cold side. The preheated combustion air enters combustion chamber 2 through the cold-side outlet to participate in combustion, improving combustion efficiency. The cooled flue gas enters insulation chamber 3 from the hot-side outlet of heat exchanger 7, providing the heat required to maintain the temperature of insulation chamber 3. The glass bottles after heat preservation enter the cooling mechanism 4 on another arc segment, where they undergo rapid cooling. The cooled glass bottles return to the unloading station with conveyor belt 1. The electromagnet is de-energized, clamping arm 10 opens, friction block 17 retracts, and the finished bottle is unloaded, completing one work cycle.

[0060] The implementation principle of the glass bottle annealing device in this application embodiment is as follows: A circular conveyor belt 1, in conjunction with an L-shaped conveyor belt operating at synchronized speed, enables continuous uninterrupted automatic loading and unloading of materials, reducing efficiency losses caused by frequent start-stop operations in traditional equipment. A fixed rack and pinion drive gear 13 causes the middle cylinder 9 to rotate, while a rolling bearing 14 isolates and keeps the clamping arm 10 stationary. Simultaneously, when an electromagnet is energized, it attracts a metal counterweight 22, which, through a lever linkage, drives a friction block 17 into the bottle mouth and drives a conical top core 19 to expand the elastic metal ring 18, tightening the bottle mouth from the inside. Meanwhile, the roller 12 at the end of the clamping arm 10 clamps the bottle neck from the outside, forming a double clamping effect. As the middle cylinder 9 rotates, the glass bottle rotates accordingly, and the roller 12 follows the rotation, causing the clamping point to continuously change, ensuring uniform heating of the bottle neck. Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 2 is preheated by the heat exchanger 7 before being sent to the insulation chamber 3, achieving cascaded waste heat recovery and reducing energy consumption.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0062] It should be noted that all the above-mentioned figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application. The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A glass bottle annealing apparatus, comprising a conveyor belt (1) arranged in a ring, the conveyor belt (1) comprising two arc segments and two straight segments, wherein a plurality of clamping and rotating mechanisms for clamping glass bottles are spaced apart on the conveyor belt (1), each clamping and rotating mechanism comprising a central cylinder (9) and a clamping arm (10) mounted on the lower part of the central cylinder (9), characterized in that: The following are sequentially arranged on the circular path of the conveyor belt (1): A loading station and a unloading station are located on the same straight segment of the conveyor belt (1), and the unloading station is located upstream of the loading station along the running direction of the conveyor belt (1). A combustion chamber (2) for heating a glass bottle, the combustion chamber (2) being located on an arc segment of a conveyor belt (1), and a control panel being provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2); A heat-insulating chamber (3) is located on another straight segment; A cooling mechanism (4) for cooling, said cooling mechanism (4) being located on another arc segment; The loading station is provided with a loading conveyor belt (5), and the unloading station is provided with an unloading conveyor belt (6). The conveying speed of the loading conveyor belt (5) and the unloading conveyor belt (6) is equal to the running speed of the conveyor belt (1), so that the glass bottle and the corresponding clamping and rotating mechanism remain relatively stationary in the horizontal direction at the loading station and the unloading station. The clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a self-rotation drive module, which is used to drive the clamped glass bottle to rotate slowly relative to the middle cylinder (9) around its own axis, and to make the surface of the glass bottle being clamped change continuously.

2. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the feeding conveyor belt (5) and the unloading conveyor belt (6) are L-shaped conveyor belts. Each L-shaped conveyor belt has a short side section and a long side section. The short side section is located directly below the conveyor belt (1), and the long side section is located outside the conveyor belt (1). The conveying direction of the short side section of the feeding conveyor belt (5) is to push glass bottles from the outside to the inside, and the conveying direction of the short side section of the unloading conveyor belt (6) is to push glass bottles from the inside to the outside. The feeding conveyor belt (5) and the unloading conveyor belt (6) are arranged at intervals along the running direction of the conveyor belt (1), with a gap between them. This gap is greater than the product of the time required for the clamping arm (10) to open and close and the running speed of the conveyor belt (1).

3. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: There are three clamping arms (10), which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the middle cylinder (9). The end of each clamping arm (10) is set as a U-shaped fork (11). A short shaft is installed between the two side walls of the U-shaped fork (11). A roller (12) is mounted on the short shaft through two miniature deep groove ball bearings. The outer circumferential surface of the roller (12) is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the neck of the glass bottle. When the clamping arms (10) are closed, the three rollers (12) contact and clamp the neck of the glass bottle from three directions, and the rollers (12) can rotate freely with the rotation of the glass bottle.

4. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The self-rotation drive module includes a fixed rack plate, a gear (13) meshing with the rack, and a rolling bearing (14). The gear (13) is sleeved on the upper end of the middle cylinder (9). The outer ring of the rolling bearing (14) is fixedly connected to the clamping arm (10), and the inner ring of the rolling bearing (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the middle cylinder (9). The rolling bearing (14) is used to bidirectionally isolate the self-rotation caused by the meshing of the gear (13), so that the clamping arm (10) remains stationary relative to the middle cylinder (9).

5. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Metal lifting rods are movably connected inside the middle cylinder (9). Movable seats (15) are fixedly connected to the lower parts of the metal lifting rods. Three first connecting rods (16) are movably connected to the outer diameter of each movable seat (15). The ends of the first connecting rods (16) are movably connected to the inner ends of the corresponding clamping arms (10). Electromagnets are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the middle cylinder (9). Several first levers (21) are hinged to the inner walls of the electromagnets via several second connecting rods (20). A metal counterweight (22) is fixedly installed at one end of each first lever (21). The end of each first lever (21) away from the metal counterweight (22) is connected to... The third link (23) is set vertically. The metal lifting rod is provided with several through holes. The lower end of the third link (23) is fixedly connected to a friction block (17). The size of the friction block (17) is smaller than the size of the glass bottle mouth. The friction block (17) is used to clamp the glass bottle from the inside. The weight of the metal counterweight (22) is preset so that when the electromagnet is not energized, the lever at one end of the metal counterweight (22) is located at the bottom. At this time, the friction block (17) is in the initial position. When the electromagnet is energized, the metal counterweight (22) rises under the action of magnetic force. The lever drives the third link (23) to fall simultaneously, thereby allowing the friction block (17) to enter the glass bottle mouth.

6. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The friction block (17) is cylindrical, with a cavity in the middle. An annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the friction block (17), and several through slots are formed on the surface of the annular groove. An elastic metal ring (18) is fitted inside the annular groove, covering all the through slots. Several second levers (24) are hinged to the inner wall of the electromagnet via several second connecting rods (20). The second levers (24) have the same structure as the first levers (21), with the second lever (24) located away from the metal counterweight (22). A vertically arranged fourth link (25) is fixedly connected. A conical core (19) is fixedly connected to the end of the fourth link (25). The conical core (19) is used to squeeze the elastic metal ring (18) so that it expands and clamps the glass bottle after entering the bottle mouth. The working surface of the elastic metal ring (18) is coated with a friction coating. The arrangement height of the second lever (24) is preset so that after the first lever (21) drives the friction block (17) to enter the bottle mouth, the second lever (24) drives the conical core (19) to press down, so that the elastic metal ring (18) expands.

7. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A cascade waste heat recovery device is provided between the combustion chamber (2) and the insulation chamber (3). The device includes a heat exchanger (7), the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger (7) is connected to the exhaust port of the combustion chamber (2), and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger (7) is connected to the insulation chamber (3).

8. The glass bottle annealing apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A blower (8) is provided on one side of the combustion chamber (2). The blower (8) blows airflow into the combustion chamber (2) through the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger (7). The cold side outlet of the heat exchanger (7) is connected to the combustion air inlet of the combustion chamber (2) to transfer the heat of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber (2) to the combustion air entering the combustion chamber (2).

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