A rapid setting inorganic plugging waterproof material and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a quick-setting type inorganic plugging waterproof material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of waterproof materials. The quick-setting type inorganic plugging waterproof material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: plugging cement 150-300 parts, sulphoaluminate cement 150-300 parts, hydration control additive 1-3 parts, inorganic dispersion stabilizer 1-3 parts, quartz sand 100-200 parts, powder additive 1-3 parts, high polymer powder 4-6 parts, hydrophobic modification additive 1-3 parts and defoaming agent 1-2 parts. The quick-setting type inorganic plugging waterproof material has the performances of quick setting, water stopping, high strength and crack resistance, durability and impermeability, can be adapted to various working conditions, effectively solves the general problems of slow condensation, low strength, easy to be washed by water flow, dry shrinkage cracking, secondary leakage and single performance of the existing products, and improves the comprehensive applicability of the quick-setting type inorganic plugging waterproof material in the field of building waterproofing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproof materials technology, and in particular to a fast-setting inorganic leak-stopping waterproof material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure projects such as water conservancy, rail transit, underground pipelines, and civil buildings, leakage problems induced by water are also increasing. Many underground and hydraulic structures are subjected to water and soil pressure and groundwater corrosion for extended periods, making them prone to cracks, seepage at construction joints, and leakage through holes, thus affecting the durability and safety of the structures. Currently, sealing materials are mainly divided into organic and inorganic categories. Organic materials such as polyurethane and epoxy resin have poor weather resistance and high-temperature resistance, are prone to aging and cracking, and pose environmental risks, making them unsuitable for high-standard engineering scenarios. In contrast, inorganic sealing materials have advantages such as being green and environmentally friendly, having good compatibility with substrates, corrosion resistance, and high durability, making them the main development direction in the field of waterproofing and leak sealing.

[0003] Currently, conventional inorganic sealing materials and ordinary quick-setting sealing products on the market still have significant technical defects. Traditional materials have slow setting speeds, low early strength, and are easily washed away by water flow under dynamic pressurized leakage conditions, resulting in low sealing efficiency and success rates. Furthermore, they are prone to drying shrinkage and cracking after curing, and their insufficient density makes them susceptible to secondary leakage. In addition, conventional modified quick-setting products generally suffer from poor component synergy, making it difficult to balance quick-setting characteristics with mechanical properties. Increasing the setting speed will increase the material's brittleness and reduce its bonding strength, while strengthening performance will result in the loss of rapid water-stopping ability. They also suffer from poor substrate compatibility, weak resistance to water flow impact, and insufficient long-term impermeability. Therefore, obtaining an inorganic sealing material that combines quick-setting water-stopping, high-strength crack resistance, and durable impermeability is a technical need that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fast-setting inorganic waterproofing and sealing material and its preparation method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of leak-stopping cement, 150-300 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 1-3 parts of hydration regulating agent, 1-3 parts of inorganic dispersing stabilizer, 100-200 parts of quartz sand, 1-3 parts of powder additive, 4-6 parts of polymer powder, 1-3 parts of hydrophobic modifying agent, and 1-2 parts of defoamer.

[0006] The sealing cement is a fast-setting silicate cement, which sets quickly and has high strength. As the core cementitious base material, it ensures rapid sealing and molding.

[0007] Sulfoaluminate cement is a special cementitious material with early strength, characterized by rapid setting and micro-expansion, which effectively shortens the curing time and improves early strength.

[0008] Quartz sand is a high-purity refined aggregate with uniform gradation (particle size of 80~100 mesh), used to improve the density, compressive strength and impermeability of materials.

[0009] Preferably, the hydration regulating agent includes citric acid.

[0010] Citric acid can regulate the setting speed of cement and optimize its compatibility with construction.

[0011] Preferably, the inorganic dispersion stabilizer comprises sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0012] Sodium hexametaphosphate can prevent powder agglomeration, ensure uniform mixing of raw materials, and stabilize product performance.

[0013] Preferably, the powder additive includes a polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0014] Polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a high-performance powder additive with good dispersibility, which can reduce the amount of water used in mixing and improve the density and strength of materials.

[0015] Preferably, the polymer powder includes redispersible latex powder.

[0016] Redispersible latex powder is a modified polymer powder that can enhance the adhesion of the substrate, improve the brittleness of the matrix, and enhance the crack resistance and seepage prevention performance.

[0017] Preferably, the hydrophobic modifying agent includes calcium stearate; Calcium stearate can reduce the drying shrinkage rate of materials and improve the water resistance and impermeability of finished products.

[0018] The defoamer includes silicone defoamers.

[0019] Organosilicon defoamers can eliminate air bubbles in the system, reduce porosity, and improve the density of materials.

[0020] The second technical solution of the present invention: a method for preparing the above-mentioned quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material, comprising the following steps: Weigh the raw materials (all of which are powders) according to the formula and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed powder; add the mixed powder to water and mix evenly to obtain the quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material.

[0021] The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing and sealing material of this invention is easy to apply and requires no large equipment. It is suitable for various substrates with water and pressure. During construction, first clean and roughen the leaking substrate and keep it clean, firm and moist. Then add water according to the ratio (generally water-powder weight ratio = 0.30~0.35:1.0) and quickly stir the slurry. Adjust the consistency according to the leakage situation and use it immediately after preparation. Press the slurry into the holes and cracks where leakage occurs. Before curing, smooth and level it. After construction, let it stand for curing to avoid external erosion, ensuring that the sealing layer is dense and firm, and that the water stoppage and seepage prevention are long-lasting and stable.

[0022] Preferably, the weight ratio of water to mixed powder is (0.30~0.35):1.0.

[0023] Preferably, the powder is first pre-mixed. The raw materials are weighed according to the above formula and placed into a plastic container. After tightening, the plastic container is continuously shaken to ensure that the powder is mixed evenly without lumps (for large volumes, a powder mixer is used for uniform mixing) to obtain a mixed powder. Then, the corresponding weight of H2O is weighed and placed in a plastic cup. The mixed powder is poured into a plastic cup containing water at once. It is immediately stirred with a glass rod, or a mixer can be used for rapid stirring. The stirring direction should be consistent (clockwise or counterclockwise), and it should be ensured that the mixture is stirred to every corner of the bottom and wall of the cup to avoid dry powder residue, thus obtaining the fast-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material.

[0024] The third technical solution of the present invention: the application of the above-mentioned quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material in the field of waterproofing and leak-stopping.

[0025] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: (1) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention combines the properties of quick-setting water stop, high strength crack resistance, and durable anti-seepage. It can also be adapted to various working conditions, effectively solving the common problems of existing products such as slow setting, low strength, easy to be washed away by water flow, drying shrinkage cracking, secondary leakage, and single performance, thus improving its comprehensive applicability in the field of building waterproofing.

[0026] (2) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention is a pure inorganic powder system, with no solvents or harmful ingredients added. It is pollution-free when applied at room temperature and does not harm the environment or construction personnel. It is green, environmentally friendly, safe and non-toxic.

[0027] (3) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention has uniform powder and scientific proportion. It can be formed by adding water and stirring. It has a fast initial setting speed, and the clumps are not easy to disperse in water. It has a good emergency water-stopping effect.

[0028] (4) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention has good volume stability after curing, is not easy to crack, has high density, and is impermeable.

[0029] (5) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention has wide adaptability to base surfaces. It can be directly applied to various new and old leaking base surfaces such as concrete, cement mortar, and wall base, without removing the original base surface, and has a high construction error tolerance.

[0030] (6) The construction process of the quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material of the present invention is simple and convenient. It does not require large-scale mechanical equipment. It only requires adding water, stirring, troweling and sealing. It can be completed by a single person. The operation is simple and the construction period is short, which greatly reduces the cost of engineering repair.

[0031] (7) The quick-setting inorganic waterproofing material of the present invention can be widely used in scenarios such as water seepage in wall cracks, construction joints, holes, and sealing of base surface interfaces. After curing, it has a strong bond and stable water-stopping and seepage prevention effect. The overall preparation and use costs are low and the finished product has excellent performance. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0034] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0035] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0036] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0037] It should be noted that all contents not described in detail in the present invention are conventional operating means in the art, and are not the focus of the present invention.

[0038] All "parts" described in the following examples are "parts by weight".

[0039] Example 1 A preparation method of quick-setting inorganic plugging waterproof material: (1) The quick-setting inorganic plugging waterproof material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of plugging cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., Type II), 250 parts of sulphoaluminate cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., 42.5#), 2 parts of citric acid, 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate, 100 parts of quartz sand (80-100 mesh), 1 part of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 4 parts of redispersible latex powder (Aohan Shengchuan Chemical (Beijing) Co., Ltd., DH-2915), 1 part of calcium stearate and 1 part of organosilicon defoamer.

[0040] (2) Preparation method: first pre-mix the powder materials, weigh the raw materials according to the formula in step (1) and put them into a plastic tank, tighten the lid, then continuously shake the plastic tank to ensure that the powder materials are uniformly mixed without agglomeration, so as to obtain mixed powder; then weigh H2O with the corresponding proportioning weight (the weight ratio of water to mixed powder is 0.35:1.0, that is, 1 kg of powder is mixed with 0.35 kg of water and placed in a plastic cup; pour the mixed powder into the plastic cup containing water at one time; stir immediately with a glass rod, or use a mixer for rapid stirring, the stirring direction shall be consistent (clockwise or counterclockwise), and ensure that every corner of the cup bottom and cup wall is stirred, so as to avoid dry powder residue, thus obtaining the quick-setting inorganic plugging waterproof material.

[0041] The following performance tests are carried out simultaneously during preparation (carried out under standard laboratory conditions, with a temperature of (20±2)°C and a relative humidity of (50±10)%): A. Operable time test: start timing from the beginning of stirring, take out a small amount of slurry every 30s, try to knead it into a mass with fingers and simulate the plugging action; Judgment criterion: when the slurry loses fluidity and cannot be smoothly kneaded or plugged, record the current time, which is the operable time (available construction time). This value is only for the judgment of preliminary construction working condition time, which is close to the initial setting time. This test is only for manual judgment of the applicability of available construction time, and the specific setting time is determined according to step C; B. Water dispersion resistance test: 3min after completion of stirring, put about 50g of slurry into a beaker filled with water. Judgment criterion: observe for 10min, if the slurry remains intact in water, does not disperse or collapse, and the water is basically clear, it is judged that the water dispersion resistance is qualified; C. Initial and Final Setting Time Tests: After pouring the mixed powder into a plastic cup filled with water, immediately start the stopwatch and stir rapidly until homogeneous. The setting time of the water-tight sample is calibrated using a microcardiograph. The specific testing method follows the standard test in GB / T1346-2024 "Standard Consistency Water Requirement, Setting Time and Soundness Test Method for Cement". The initial and final setting times of the samples must meet the requirements of GB / T 23440-2025 "Inorganic Waterproofing and Leak-Stopping Materials" (Type II), and the relevant sample preparation methods are also based on this standard. D. Crack resistance test, judgment criteria: observe the cracks on the surface of the specimen, and observe the cracking at 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after drying; E. The impermeability pressure and bond strength of the coating and specimens were tested and sampled in accordance with GB / T 1346-2014 "Test Methods for Standard Consistency Water Requirement, Setting Time and Soundness of Cement". The sample preparation and testing were carried out by relevant testing institutions (Yunnan Provincial Building Materials Product Quality Inspection and Testing Institute).

[0042] Note: The above testing methods are compared with conventional standard experimental testing methods and actual construction measurement methods to comprehensively assess the feasibility of practical application.

[0043] The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0044] Example 2 Same as Example 1, except that the quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of leak-stopping cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., Type II), 200 parts of sulfoaluminate cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., 42.5#), 3 parts of citric acid, 1 part of sodium metaphosphate, 100 parts of quartz sand (80~100 mesh), 2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 6 parts of redispersible latex powder (Aohanshengchuan Chemical (Beijing) Co., Ltd., DH-2915), 2 parts of calcium stearate, and 1 part of organosilicon defoamer.

[0045] The performance test was conducted using the same method as in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0046] Example 3 Same as Example 1, except that the quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 225 parts of leak-stopping cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., Type II), 175 parts of sulfoaluminate cement (Dengdian Group Cement Co., Ltd., 42.5#), 3 parts of citric acid, 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate, 100 parts of quartz sand (80~100 mesh), 2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 6 parts of redispersible latex powder (Aohanshengchuan Chemical (Beijing) Co., Ltd., DH-2915), 2 parts of calcium stearate, and 1 part of organosilicon defoamer.

[0047] The performance test was conducted using the same method as in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0048] Table 1 Performance of Quick-Setting Inorganic Leak-Stopping and Waterproofing Materials Table 2 Comparison of Cracking Conditions of Quick-Setting Inorganic Leak-Sealing Waterproofing Materials Table 3 Mechanical and adhesive properties of the sample from Example 3 The three types of rapid-setting inorganic waterproofing and sealing materials of this invention showed no dispersion during testing, and their anti-dispersion performance met the requirements for use. However, the setting speeds of the three materials differed significantly: Example 1 had the slowest curing rate, with an initial setting time of 17-18 minutes and a final setting time of 25-26 minutes; Example 2 had a moderate setting speed, with an initial setting time of 7-8 minutes and a final setting time of 13-14 minutes; Example 3 had the best setting and curing efficiency, with an initial setting time of approximately 4 minutes and a final setting time of approximately 7 minutes, achieving rapid sealing and water stoppage. Furthermore, after a 7-day natural shrinkage drying observation, none of the three groups of specimens showed cracking defects, demonstrating good crack resistance. (Note: The workable time is only an assessment of the applicable time for manual construction, which is close to the initial setting time, and therefore will not be elaborated further. The key basis for the setting time of inorganic waterproofing materials is still the GB / T1346-2024 standard.)

[0049] Further mechanical and waterproofing bonding performance tests were conducted on Example 3, which demonstrated the best rapid-setting effect. The results showed that after 7 days of curing, both the specimen's impermeability pressure and the coating's impermeability pressure stabilized at 1.5 MPa, and the 7-day bonding strength was 1.0 MPa. These performance characteristics meet the requirements of GB / T 23440—2025 "Inorganic Waterproofing and Leak-Stopping Materials" (Type II). This fully demonstrates that while possessing the advantage of rapid setting and leak-stopping, this formula also exhibits reliable waterproofing and substrate adhesion, demonstrating outstanding overall performance and suitability for construction scenarios requiring rapid water-stopping and repair.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 Same as Example 1, except that sodium hexametaphosphate was not added, and the rest of the steps are the same.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 Same as Example 2, except that 100 parts of quartz sand are replaced with 50 parts of sealing cement and 50 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, and the rest of the steps are the same.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 Same as Example 3, except that the sulfoaluminate cement is replaced with an equal weight of sealing cement, and 3 parts by weight of citric acid is added; the rest of the steps are the same.

[0053] Table 4 shows the performance of inorganic plugging and waterproofing materials in the comparative examples. The results of the three comparative examples of this invention show that, in Comparative Example 1, the lack of sodium hexametaphosphate weakened the retarding effect and significantly shortened the overall setting time, but the material still maintained good anti-dispersion properties and did not exhibit cracking. In Comparative Example 2, after completely replacing the quartz sand aggregate with an equal weight of cement, the system lacked inert skeleton filler support, resulting in a loose slurry bonding structure, failure of underwater anti-dispersion properties, and an excessively high proportion of cementitious materials, leading to a significant increase in hydration and drying shrinkage. Shrinkage cracks appeared in the molded specimens within 12 hours, failing to meet the long-term crack-free requirements for the sealing material. In Comparative Example 3, after replacing sulfoaluminate cement with sealing cement and doubling the addition of citric acid, the initial setting rate of the material was too fast, and the slurry exhibited slight dispersion problems. The excessively rapid hydration reaction caused a rapid accumulation of internal stress in the matrix, and cracking defects appeared in the specimens after only 6 hours. This indicates that only by combining an appropriate amount of cement matrix and aggregate structure, and by adding suitable citric acid and sodium hexametaphosphate to coordinate and control the hydration reaction rate, can the inorganic sealing and waterproofing materials achieve suitable setting speed, anti-dispersion performance, and early crack resistance.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 150-300 parts of sealing cement, 150-300 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 1-3 parts of hydration regulator, 1-3 parts of inorganic dispersant stabilizer, 100-200 parts of quartz sand, 1-3 parts of powder additive, 4-6 parts of polymer powder, 1-3 parts of hydrophobic modifier, and 1-2 parts of defoamer.

2. The quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydration regulating agent includes citric acid.

3. The quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic dispersant stabilizer includes sodium hexametaphosphate.

4. The quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder additives include polycarboxylate superplasticizers.

5. The quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer powder includes redispersible latex powder.

6. The quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobic modifying agent includes calcium stearate; And / or, the defoamer includes silicone defoamers.

7. A method for preparing the rapid-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials are weighed according to the formula and mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder is added to water and mixed evenly to obtain the quick-setting inorganic leak-stopping and waterproofing material.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The weight ratio of water to mixed powder is (0.30~0.35):1.

0.

9. The application of the quick-setting inorganic waterproofing and sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the field of waterproofing and leak sealing.

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