Bio-oxidation heat exchanger

Abstract

The application provides a biological oxidation heat exchange device, belonging to the technical field of gold extraction heat exchange, which comprises the following: the inside of the biological reactor is a cavity structure; a mounting frame is fixed to the inner wall of the biological reactor, a heat exchange tube bundle is assembled in the middle of the mounting frame and penetrates the mounting frame, the mounting frame and the heat exchange tube bundle are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; a flow baffle is installed on the mounting frame and is arranged on the side of the heat exchange tube bundle close to the center of the biological reactor; a feed pipe is arranged at the bottom of the center of the inside of the biological reactor; an anti-backflow mechanism is assembled on the side of the feed pipe; a flow uniformizing plate is arranged at the top of the biological reactor, and the end of the flow uniformizing plate is located above the heat exchange tube bundle. The biological oxidation heat exchange device integrates the heat exchange tube bundle and the flow baffle on the mounting frame to form an integrated heat exchange and flow blocking assembly, so that the external heat exchanger and the connecting pipeline are omitted, the direct heat exchange between the ore slurry and the heat exchange tube bundle can be completed in the reactor, the ore slurry does not need to flow through the outlet of the tank body and the external pipeline, and therefore the heat exchange path is significantly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gold extraction heat exchange technology, specifically relating to a biological oxidation heat exchange device. Background Technology

[0002] Biological oxidation pretreatment for gold extraction utilizes sulfur- and iron-loving leaching bacteria to oxidize and decompose the sulfide ore matrix under suitable conditions, thereby fully exposing the gold. In this process, temperature is one of the most important technical parameters. The oxidation temperature usually needs to be maintained between 38 and 57°C. Too high a temperature will reduce bacterial activity, while too low a temperature will affect the oxidation rate.

[0003] In existing technologies, the heat exchange system of a biological oxidation tank typically adopts a forced heat dissipation mode using a cooling tower and a circulating water pump, directly releasing the waste heat from the process into the atmosphere. This results in serious energy waste and insufficient temperature control accuracy. To address these issues, Chinese patent CN218380622U discloses a high-efficiency and energy-saving heat exchange system for biological oxidation. This system, by incorporating components such as a biological oxidation tank heat exchanger, a monitoring module, an energy storage system, a cooling tower, a purification water tank, and a reagent dosing machine, achieves heat exchange and temperature regulation control of the biological oxidation tank, and improves energy utilization efficiency through the energy storage system.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have the following shortcomings: First, the heat exchanger and baffle are separate structures, resulting in a long heat exchange path, large heat loss, and equipment redundancy. Because the heat exchanger and baffle are separate structures, after the slurry is rectified by the baffle in the tank, it must first flow through the tank outlet and external pipelines before entering the heat exchanger for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the slurry must flow back to the tank through pipelines. During this process, the slurry flows in the long pipeline between the tank and the external heat exchanger, and heat is continuously lost along the way, resulting in a significant increase in heat loss. At the same time, the external heat exchanger, pipelines, and baffle are independent of each other, resulting in equipment redundancy, large space occupation, and complex installation and maintenance.

[0005] Secondly, the feed pipe lacks an effective anti-backflow mechanism. During shutdowns or pressure fluctuations, the slurry can easily backflow into the feed pipe, causing blockages or corrosion. During normal feeding, the pressure provided by the feed pump is sufficient to maintain the forward flow of the slurry. However, when the feed pump stops working or a malfunction causes system pressure fluctuations, the slurry inside the reactor, under the influence of gravity and tank pressure, will backflow into the external feed pipe. The slurry contains high concentrations of sulfuric acid, iron ions, and solid particles, which will deposit and crystallize in the pipe after backflow, causing blockages. At the same time, the long-term erosion of the pipe by the acidic slurry will accelerate corrosion, shorten the service life of the pipe, and increase maintenance costs.

[0006] Thirdly, there is a lack of flow-uniformizing and flow-guiding structure above the heat exchange tube bundle, and ore slurry is prone to generate biased flow or short-circuit flow when entering the heat exchange zone, which leads to uneven flow field in the area of the heat exchange tube bundle and reduces the heat exchange efficiency. Due to the lack of rectification and guidance for the incoming flow, the ore slurry tends to flow along the path with the minimum resistance, which results in excessive flow through part of the heat exchange tube bundle and too small flow through the other part, forming biased flow; meanwhile, part of the ore slurry may directly flow out of the heat exchange zone through short circuit without passing through the gaps of the heat exchange tube bundle; biased flow and short circuit make the flow field in the area of the heat exchange tube bundle extremely uneven, and part of the heat exchange tubes have low heat exchange efficiency due to insufficient flow, so the overall heat exchange performance is far lower than the design value. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, such as energy waste, equipment redundancy, easy occurrence of ore slurry backflow to damage pipelines, and low heat exchange efficiency caused by uneven flow field in the heat exchange zone, the present invention provides a biological oxidation heat exchange device, which can integrate the heat exchange tube bundle and the baffle plate, shorten the heat exchange path, reduce heat loss, optimize flow field distribution and improve heat exchange efficiency. Meanwhile, an anti-backflow mechanism is provided to prevent ore slurry backflow, prolong the service life of pipelines and reduce maintenance cost, realize the recovery and utilization of waste heat from biological oxidation reaction, and improve energy utilization rate. The specific technical solution is as follows: a biological oxidation heat exchange device, comprising: the interior of the bioreactor is a cavity structure; mounting frames are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bioreactor, heat exchange tube bundles are assembled in the middle of the mounting frames and penetrate through the mounting frames, and the mounting frames and the heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; baffle plates are mounted on the mounting frames and arranged on the side of the heat exchange tube bundles close to the center of the bioreactor; a feed pipe is arranged at the bottom of the inner center of the bioreactor, and the feed end of the feed pipe extends to the outside of the bioreactor; an anti-backflow mechanism is assembled on the side of the feed pipe and used for blocking the backflow of materials inside the bioreactor into the feed pipe; flow uniformizing plates are arranged at the top inside the bioreactor, the flow uniformizing plates and the heat exchange tube bundles are in one-to-one correspondence and adapted to each other, and the end portions of the flow uniformizing plates are located above the heat exchange tube bundles.

[0008] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is mounted on the bioreactor, the air inlet pipe is located inside the bioreactor, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the top of the bioreactor, and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe communicates with the feed pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a support frame is arranged at the central bottom inside the bioreactor, and the feed pipe is assembled on the support frame.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-backflow mechanism comprises the following components: an outer shell is mounted on the support frame; an inner carrier plate is fixedly arranged inside the outer shell along the horizontal direction; a connecting rod vertically penetrates through the inner carrier plate, the top end of the connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the top of the outer shell and the top end of the feed pipe, and forms sliding and rotating fit with both the outer shell and the feed pipe, wherein a sliding sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the connecting rod and the outer shell; a cover plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod, a sealing ring is installed at the bottom of the cover plate, and the sealing ring is of an annular structure.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-backflow mechanism further includes: a first drive motor fixedly mounted on the inner carrier plate; a first synchronous pulley assembled on the output shaft of the first drive motor; a second synchronous pulley rotatably mounted on the inner carrier plate and slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod; wherein, a limit strip is provided axially on the outer wall of the connecting rod, a limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the second synchronous pulley, and the limit strip is slidably embedded in the limit groove; a synchronous belt meshing transmission is connected between the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley; an electric push rod is mounted on the inner carrier plate, and its output end is connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod through a connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a tank body is fixedly mounted on the top of the bioreactor, and a second drive motor is installed on the top of the tank body; a stirring rod is rotatably mounted on the bioreactor, and its top end is connected to the output end of the second drive motor, and the stirring rod is arranged directly above the feed pipe; the inlet and outlet of each heat exchange tube bundle extend to the outer side of the top of the bioreactor; an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are also respectively provided on the top of the tank body, and multiple sets of inlet valves are installed on the inlet pipes, with each inlet valve corresponding to a heat exchange tube bundle and connected to the inlet of the corresponding heat exchange tube bundle; multiple sets of outlet valves are installed on the outlet pipes, with each outlet valve corresponding to a heat exchange tube bundle and connected to the outlet of the corresponding heat exchange tube bundle.

[0013] Preferably, both the feed pipe and the heat exchange tube bundle are equipped with temperature sensors through sensor sheaths.

[0014] Preferably, a flow meter and a butterfly valve are respectively installed on the air inlet pipe, and both the flow meter and the butterfly valve are arranged above the bioreactor.

[0015] Preferably, a connecting pipe is installed at the top of the bioreactor, and an inlet is provided at the top of the connecting pipe, which extends to the outside of the top of the bioreactor; multiple nozzles are installed at the bottom of the connecting pipe, and the nozzles are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tube bundles, with the nozzles located above the corresponding heat exchange tube bundles.

[0016] Preferably, the baffle is equipped with a plurality of guide vanes, the guide vanes are arranged spirally along the axial direction of the baffle, and the guide vanes are provided with turbulence holes.

[0017] Furthermore, the bio-oxidation heat exchange device in the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention also has the following working characteristics: S1, the slurry is introduced into the bioreactor simultaneously through the bottom feed pipe and compressed air through the air inlet pipe, forming a three-phase upward circulating flow of gas, liquid and solid. After feeding is completed, the feed pipe outlet is sealed by an anti-backflow mechanism. During the upward process, the slurry flows through the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly. The heat exchange tube bundle in the assembly absorbs the waste heat released by the bio-oxidation reaction of the slurry, while the baffle plate rectifyes and disturbs the slurry flow field. S2, after the initial heat exchange in step S1, the slurry continues to flow upward and passes through the flow equalization plate. The flow equalization plate evenly distributes the slurry to the gap area of ​​the heat exchange tube bundles on both sides, ensuring that the slurry and the heat exchange tube bundles are in full contact and complete the secondary enhanced heat exchange. S3, the heat transfer medium that has absorbed heat in the heat exchange tube bundle is transported to the central heat exchange station by a circulating pump in a closed-loop heat exchange circuit. S4, the central heat exchange station converts the low-grade waste heat carried by the heat transfer medium into high-quality heating heat energy through a primary process heat exchange loop and a secondary heating heat exchange loop, and then delivers it to the terminal heating network. S5, a multi-point distributed temperature sensor array collects temperature data in real time from the inside of the bioreactor, the supply and return water ends of the heat exchange station, and the feeding area. The central controller adaptively adjusts the variable frequency output power of the circulating pump, the opening of the electric regulating valve of the heat exchange circuit, and the heat exchange power of the heat exchange station based on the temperature data, so as to control the temperature fluctuation inside the bioreactor within ±1℃. At the same time, the heating output power can be adjusted according to the actual operation requirements. S6, the heat transfer medium that has completed the heat release at the central heat exchange station flows back to the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly in the bioreactor through a closed loop, repeating steps S1 to S5 to achieve continuous closed-loop recovery and utilization of waste heat. S7. When the bio-oxidation reaction reaches the predetermined endpoint, close the bottom feed pipe and air inlet pipe, open the bottom discharge valve of the bioreactor, and discharge the slurry after oxidation from the reactor. During the discharge process, the central controller adjusts the circulating pump to maintain the closed circulation loop in continuous operation until the temperature inside the reactor drops below the set safety threshold and then the circulating pump stops operating. S8. After the material discharge is completed, the cleaning solution is injected into the reactor through the nozzles set on the inner wall of the bioreactor or the heat exchange tube bundle area to circulate and clean the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle and the surface of the baffle plate, removing slurry residue and scale. After the cleaning waste liquid is discharged through the bottom discharge valve, it is rinsed with clean water until the system is neutral, and the shutdown maintenance is completed.

[0018] The biological oxidation heat exchange device of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The biological oxidation heat exchange device integrates the heat exchange tube bundle and the baffle plate on the mounting frame to form an integrated heat exchange baffle assembly, eliminating the need for external heat exchangers and connecting pipelines. This allows the slurry to complete direct heat exchange with the heat exchange tube bundle inside the reactor without flowing through the tank outlet and external pipelines, thereby significantly shortening the heat exchange path and reducing heat loss along the way. At the same time, the integrated structure eliminates equipment redundancy, simplifies the system structure, improves space utilization, and reduces installation and maintenance complexity.

[0019] This bio-oxidation heat exchanger, by installing an anti-backflow mechanism on one side of the feed pipe, automatically seals the outlet of the feed pipe after feeding is completed. This effectively prevents the slurry from flowing back into the external feed pipeline during shutdown or pressure fluctuations. It avoids blockage caused by the deposition and crystallization of sulfuric acid, iron ions, and solid particles in the slurry within the pipeline, while also preventing long-term corrosion of the pipeline by acidic slurry, significantly extending the service life of the pipeline and reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] This invention relates to a bio-oxidation heat exchange device. By installing a flow equalization plate at the top of the bioreactor, corresponding one-to-one with the heat exchange tube bundles, and with the end of the flow equalization plate located above the heat exchange tube bundles, the rising slurry is rectified by the flow equalization plate before entering the heat exchange zone, and evenly distributed to the gap area between the heat exchange tube bundles on both sides. This eliminates the phenomenon of flow deviation and short circuit, ensures that each heat exchange tube bundle receives a uniform slurry flow, and significantly improves the overall heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bio-oxidation heat exchange device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D; Figure 6 A top view of the bioreactor provided for this invention; Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the anti-backflow mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A side sectional view of the anti-backflow mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A top view of the second synchronizing pulley provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor sheath provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle provided by the present invention; in, Figures 1 to 11The reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Bioreactor; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Heat exchanger tube bundle; 4. Baffle plate; 5. Support frame; 6. Feed pipe; 7. Air inlet pipe; 8. Anti-backflow mechanism; 9. Sensor sleeve; 10. Temperature sensor; 11. Flow equalization plate; 12. Tank body; 13. Second drive motor; 14. Stirring rod; 15. Water inlet pipe; 16. Water inlet valve; 17. Water outlet pipe; 18. Water outlet valve. 9. Flow meter; 20. Butterfly valve; 21. Connecting pipe; 22. Inlet; 23. Nozzle; 801. Outer casing; 802. Inner carrier plate; 803. Connecting rod; 804. Cover plate; 805. Sealing ring; 806. First drive motor; 807. First synchronous pulley; 808. Second synchronous pulley; 809. Synchronous belt; 810. Limiting strip; 811. Sliding sealing ring; 812. Electric push rod; 813. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following are specific implementation cases and appendices. Figures 1-11The present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention provides a technical solution: a biological oxidation heat exchange device, comprising: a biological oxidation heat exchange device, including the following main components: the first component is a bioreactor 1, the interior of which is a hollow cavity structure, providing a space for the entire biological oxidation heat exchange reaction; the second component is five sets of mounting frames 2, each set of mounting frames 2 being fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bioreactor 1 in sequence, for providing stable installation support for subsequent heat exchange components; the third component is five sets of heat exchange tube bundles 3, each set of heat exchange tube bundles 3 being a hollow tubular structure, each set of heat exchange tube bundles 3 being respectively installed on each set of mounting frames 2, the heat exchange tube bundles 3 passing through the middle position of the corresponding mounting frame 2, the mounting frame 2 and the heat exchange tube bundle 3 being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, ensuring that each set of heat exchange tube bundles can obtain stable support; the fourth component is five sets of baffles 4, each set of baffles 4 being respectively installed on each set of mounting frames 2, the baffles 4 being positioned near the bioreactor 1. The fifth component is the feed pipe 6, which is installed inside the bioreactor 1. Specifically, the feed pipe 6 is located at the bottom center of the bioreactor 1 and is used to input the reaction material to be processed. The feed end of the feed pipe 6 extends out of the outer wall of the bioreactor 1 for easy connection to the external feed pipeline. The sixth component is the anti-backflow mechanism 8, which is installed on one side of the feed pipe 6. The function of the anti-backflow mechanism 8 is to prevent the material that has entered the reaction chamber inside the bioreactor 1 from flowing back into the feed pipe 6, thus avoiding the problem of material backflow affecting the stability of the feed. The seventh component is five flow equalization plates 11. The flow equalization plates 11 are triangular in structure and are fixedly installed at the top of the bioreactor 1. The flow equalization plates 11 and the heat exchange tube bundles 3 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and mutual adaptation relationship. The lower end of each flow equalization plate 11 is located above the corresponding heat exchange tube bundle 3 to uniformly distribute the material flow towards the heat exchange tube bundle.

[0023] The baffle plate 4 has multiple guide vanes extending radially from its surface. One side of each vane is concave, and the other is convex. The concave and convex surfaces of adjacent guide vanes are arranged facing each other, which can generate multi-directional vortices in the fluid, enhancing mass exchange. The guide vanes are arranged in a spiral along the axial direction of the baffle plate 4, guiding the fluid to generate a rotating flow. The centrifugal force of the rotating fluid throws particles toward the outer periphery of the tube bundle instead of depositing them on the wall. At the same time, the tangential velocity component of the rotating flow generates continuous shearing and scouring of the tube wall. Turbulence holes with an opening ratio of 20% to 40% are opened on the baffle plate 4, allowing some fluid to pass through the baffle plate to form a jet that directly impacts the outer wall of the downstream heat exchange tubes. This jet can generate a local high-speed zone, enhancing the scouring force on the wall and promoting the mixing of the fluid in the axial and radial directions, avoiding local supersaturation. The turbulence and jet generated by the baffle plate 4 can continuously scour the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3, disrupting the conditions for scale formation, slowing down the scaling rate, reducing scale on the tube wall, improving the heat transfer coefficient, and increasing the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0024] The cone angle α of the flow equalization plate 11 is the included angle between the two hypotenuses of the triangular structure. The preferred range of this parameter is 60° to 90°. When α < 60°, the flow channel through which the material flows will experience excessive contraction, and the local pressure drop in the flow channel will increase sharply, ultimately leading to a significant increase in pump power consumption and operational energy consumption for the entire conveying system. When α > 90°, the guiding effect of the flow equalization plate 11 on the material flow will be significantly weakened, and the slurry to be reacted will easily form a stagnant zone in the area below the flow equalization plate 11, causing the flow equalization plate 11 to lose its original uniform flow distribution function. The percentage of the total area of ​​all the flow equalization holes opened on the flow equalization plate 11 to the total area of ​​the entire plate surface is denoted as β. The preferred range of this parameter is 20% to 40%. When β < 20%, the effective flow area through which the slurry can pass is insufficient, and the slurry flows through the uniform flow channel... Excessive flow velocity in the flow equalization plate can easily cause severe erosion and wear of the flow equalization plate by solid particles in the slurry, shortening the service life of the flow equalization plate 11. When β>40%, the constraint effect of the flow equalization plate 11 on the incoming flow will be significantly weakened, and it will be unable to effectively eliminate the flow deviation problem of the material flow and ensure that the material flows evenly through each heat exchange tube bundle. The vertical gap between the lower surface of the flow equalization plate 11 and the upper surface of the heat exchange tube bundle 3 is denoted as δ, and the preferred range of this parameter is 5 to 15 mm. When δ<5 mm, the gap between the two is too small, and the slurry containing coarse particles is prone to sludge and blockage at this point, affecting the normal flow of the material. When δ>15 mm, the guiding effect of the flow equalization plate 11 on the slurry will be significantly weakened, and some slurry may flow out directly without passing through the gap between the heat exchange tube bundles, affecting the overall heat exchange effect.

[0025] In this embodiment, the slurry is transported to the center of the bioreactor 1 through the feed pipe 6. In the undisturbed flow, a very thin stagnant boundary layer exists near the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The fluid velocity in this layer is extremely low and almost static. Scale ions and suspended particles slowly migrate to the wall surface through molecular diffusion in this layer, depositing to form a scale layer. The turbulence generated by the baffle plate 4 can disrupt this boundary layer, putting the fluid near the wall in a state of vigorous turbulence, significantly weakening the conditions for scale deposition. The baffle plate 4 forces the fluid to change... The flow direction is changed, and high-speed jets and local vortices are formed on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. These high-speed fluids generate continuous shearing force on the tube wall, which can wash away the soft scale that has just adhered to the wall surface and erode the scale layer that has already formed, thus significantly reducing the rate of scale thickness growth. The baffle 4 divides the shell-side space into multiple flow regions, forcing the fluid to repeatedly sweep across the tube bundle, eliminating the low-velocity dead zone and stagnant zone between the tube bundles. The dead zone is the place where scale is most likely to occur and grow rapidly. Eliminating the dead zone means cutting off the scale layer in space.

[0026] In this embodiment, the slurry, after initial heat exchange, continues to flow upward and enters the rectification region of the flow equalization plate 11. When the slurry passes through the flow equalization holes on the flow equalization plate 11 at a certain flow rate, multiple high-speed jets are formed. After leaving the flow equalization holes, these jets undergo shearing action with the surrounding low-speed fluid, generating unstable waves, causing the jets to break up and inducing strong turbulence. The turbulence intensity can reach 3 to 5 times the incoming flow intensity, effectively destroying the thermal boundary layer on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3, and increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient by 50% to 150%. The triangular hypotenuse of the flow equalization plate 11 utilizes the wall attachment effect to make the slurry jets... After leaving the flow equalization orifice, the slurry tends to flow along the inclined surface, thus being smoothly guided to the gap area of ​​the heat exchange tube bundle 3 on one side. This wall-mounted flow guiding method avoids energy dissipation and local eddies caused by the direct impact of the slurry on the inner wall of the bioreactor 1, and improves the uniformity of the flow. The flow equalization plate 11 evenly distributes the slurry to the gap between each heat exchange tube bundle 3, avoiding slurry deviation or short circuit, and ensuring that each slurry can fully contact the heat exchange tube bundle 3 to complete the secondary enhanced heat exchange. The heat transfer medium that has absorbed the waste heat of the reaction is transported to the central heat exchange station in a closed loop.

[0027] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the bioreactor 1 is equipped with an inlet pipe 7 for supplying reaction gas to the reaction system. The inlet pipe 7 is set in the internal cavity space of the bioreactor 1. The inlet end of the inlet pipe 7 extends upward along the reactor axis and finally extends out of the top of the bioreactor 1 for easy connection with the external gas supply pipeline. The outlet end of the inlet pipe 7 is connected to the feed pipe 6 set inside the reactor to realize the pre-mixing of gas and feed slurry.

[0028] In this embodiment, since the slurry contains a large number of solid ore particles, if it simply falls into the heat exchange zone by gravity, it is very easy for sediment to accumulate in the dead corner at the bottom. Therefore, the air inlet pipe 7 is usually connected to the slurry feed pipe 6 at the bottom or near the bottom. When the compressed air is ejected, it will form tiny bubbles and upward thrust, which will drive the slurry upward to form an airlift circulation or forced convection. This can effectively prevent solid particles from settling and ensure uniform mixing of the gas, liquid and solid phases, thereby greatly improving the mass transfer efficiency of oxygen to the mineral surface. In addition, when the slurry enters from the bottom, the temperature is usually lower than the optimal temperature required for the reaction. The air inlet pipe 7 introduces airflow here, which can not only aerate but also preheat the airflow using the residual heat at the bottom of the bioreactor 1. This allows the cold slurry that has just entered to receive preliminary temperature regulation before flowing upward through the heat exchange zone. The shearing effect of the airflow helps to break up any foam that may form on the surface of the slurry, promotes the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, and thus enhances the convective heat transfer efficiency when passing through the heat exchange tube bundles 3 on both sides.

[0029] See Figure 1 As shown, a support frame 5 is installed inside the reaction vessel bioreactor 1. The support frame 5 is installed at the center bottom of the bioreactor 1 and is used to support the feed pipe 6 that fixes the feed structure. The support frame 5 is installed and fixed on the support frame 5.

[0030] See Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the anti-backflow mechanism 8 specifically includes the following components: an outer shell 801, an inner carrier plate 802, a connecting rod 803, and a cover plate 804. The outer shell 801 is fixed to the support frame 5 by a clamp. The inner carrier plate 802 is arranged horizontally and fixed to the internal cavity of the outer shell 801 by screws, serving to support subsequent functional components. The connecting rod 803 passes vertically through the center of the inner carrier plate 802, and its top end passes sequentially through the top plate of the outer shell 801 and the top flange of the feed pipe 6. The connecting rod 803 also connects to the outer shell 801. The feed pipe 6 achieves both sliding and rotating fits. A sliding sealing ring 811 is installed at the connection point between the connecting rod 803 and the outer casing 801 to ensure the sealing performance of the sliding and rotating position. The cover plate 804 is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting rod 803. The cover plate 804 is similar in size to the flange at the top of the feed pipe 6. A sealing ring 805 is installed on the bottom surface of the cover plate 804. The sealing ring 805 is an annular structure that fits the pipe opening structure. When the cover plate 804 is fitted to the top of the feed pipe 6, the sealing ring 805 can completely fit the pipe opening at the top of the feed pipe 6 to achieve a seal and prevent slurry leakage and backflow.

[0031] See Figures 7 to 9As shown, the anti-backflow mechanism 8 also includes: a first drive motor 806 providing power output, a first synchronous pulley 807 responsible for transmission, a second synchronous pulley 808, a synchronous belt 809 for transmitting power, an electric push rod 812 for raising and lowering the position of the connecting rod 803, and a connecting plate 813 for realizing power connection; in the specific installation layout, the first drive motor 806 is integrally mounted and fixed on the pre-laid inner carrier plate 802; the first synchronous pulley 807 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the power output end of the first drive motor 806 and rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the first drive motor 806; the second synchronous pulley 808 is rotatably mounted on the inner carrier plate 802 through a rotating support, and the second synchronous pulley 808 is integrally slidably fitted on the vertically arranged connecting rod 803. In order to ensure that the second synchronous pulley 808 can transmit rotational power to the connecting rod 803, while not obstructing the connecting rod 803, the following measures are taken. 3. Sliding along its own axial direction, wherein a strip-shaped limiting strip 810 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rod 803 along its own length direction, and correspondingly, a matching limiting groove is opened on the inner wall of the second synchronous pulley 808 along the circumferential direction. The limiting strip 810 is slidably installed and fitted inside the limiting groove, which can transmit the rotational torque and allow the two to slide relative to each other along the axial direction; the annular synchronous belt 809 simultaneously engages and is tensioned between the toothed structure of the first synchronous pulley 807 and the second synchronous pulley 808 to realize the stable transmission of power from the first synchronous pulley 807 to the second synchronous pulley 808; the body of the electric push rod 812 is installed and fixed on the inner carrier plate 802; a connecting plate 813 is installed and fixed between the telescopic output end of the electric push rod 812 and the bottom end of the connecting rod 803 to realize the adjustment and driving of the electric push rod 812 to the axial position of the connecting rod 803.

[0032] In this embodiment, during the preparation stage before the slurry officially enters the bioreactor, the electric push rod 812, through the pre-connected and fixed connecting plate 813, drives the connecting rod 803 and the cover plate 804 fixed above the connecting rod 803 to move upward as a whole, so that the cover plate 804, which was originally covering the feed pipe 6, disengages from the top flange of the feed pipe 6, completing the lifting action before opening the cover; after the cover plate 804 is raised to a sufficient clearance height, the first drive motor 806 starts to operate, through the first synchronous wheel 807 fixed at the output end and the wheel sleeved on the wheel The external synchronous belt 809 drives the second synchronous pulley 808, which is connected to it, to rotate stably. The second synchronous pulley 808, through its own limiting groove and the limiting strip 810 embedded in the groove, drives the connecting rod 803 connected to it to rotate synchronously. The connecting rod 803 further drives the cover plate 804, which is fixedly installed at the top, to rotate synchronously. Finally, the cover plate 804 is completely removed from the position directly above the inlet of the feed pipe 6, structurally avoiding the injection path of the slurry feed and effectively preventing the cover plate 804 from blocking the slurry from spraying out from the top of the feed pipe 6, thereby ensuring... This ensures the smooth progress of the entire slurry feeding process. When the feeding operation is completed and the slurry supply needs to be stopped, the first drive motor 806 reverses its operation according to the preset logic, driving the connecting rod 803 and the cover plate 804 fixed on it to rotate in the opposite direction, returning to the position directly above the inlet of the feed pipe 6 to complete the alignment operation of the cover. After alignment, the electric push rod 812 starts working again, driving the connected rod 803 to move downward as a whole, finally allowing the sealing ring 805 pre-installed at the bottom of the cover plate 804 to press tightly against the sealing surface of the top inlet of the feed pipe 6. The sealing operation of the feed pipe 6 is completed. After the sealing is completed, the material pressure inside the bioreactor 1 will act in reverse on the inner side of the cover plate 804. This reverse pressure will further push the cover plate 804 to press the sealing ring 805, so that the sealing ring 805 will deform more fully and fit the sealing surface, thereby effectively improving the overall sealing effect. This can completely prevent the material inside the bioreactor 1 from flowing back into the feed pipe 6, effectively ensuring the stability of the entire feeding system and avoiding the problem of material backflow interfering with the normal operation of subsequent feeding operations.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, a hollow tank 12 is fixedly installed at the top of the bioreactor 1. A second drive motor 13 is fixedly installed on the top plane of the tank 12. A vertically mounted stirring rod 14 is rotatably installed inside the bioreactor 1. The top of the stirring rod 14 extends through the top shell of the bioreactor 1 and is fixedly connected to the power output end of the second drive motor 13, ensuring that the second drive motor 13 can drive the stirring rod 14 to rotate, and the axis of the stirring rod 14 is exactly above the discharge end of the feed pipe 6. The heat exchange tube bundle 3 used to complete the heat exchange operation has all its inlets and outlets extending upward along the inside of the bioreactor 1, eventually extending out and exposed outside the top of the bioreactor 1. An inlet pipe 15 and an outlet pipe 17 are also fixedly connected to the top plane of the tank 12, respectively. The inlet pipe 15 is located below the outlet pipe 17. The water inlet pipe 15 and the water outlet pipe 17 are arranged in a square around the outside of the second drive motor 13. Five sets of independently controlled water inlet valves 16 are installed on the branch pipes of the water inlet pipe 15. The number of water inlet valves 16 corresponds one-to-one with the number of heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The outlet of each water inlet valve 16 is sealed and connected to the inlet of the corresponding heat exchange tube bundle 3 to achieve independent water inlet control. Five sets of independently controlled water outlet valves 18 are installed on the branch pipes of the water outlet pipe 17. The number of water outlet valves 18 also corresponds one-to-one with the number of heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The inlet of each water outlet valve 18 is sealed and connected to the outlet of the corresponding heat exchange tube bundle 3 to achieve independent water outlet control. The water inlet valves 16 and the water outlet valves 18 can independently adjust the water inlet and outlet flow rates of each heat exchange tube bundle 3 to achieve fine control of the heat exchange power of each heat exchange tube bundle and adapt to the dynamic fluctuations of the heat released by the biological oxidation reaction.

[0034] In this embodiment, after the slurry enters the bioreactor 1, the second drive motor 13 is started to drive the stirring rod 14 to slowly stir the slurry in the upper part, which can further improve the overall mixing uniformity of the slurry, making the distribution of materials and bacteria in the slurry more uniform, and avoiding problems such as local overheating or uneven reaction. The external heat exchange medium enters the device through the water inlet pipe 15. After the flow rate of the heat exchange medium is adjusted by the water inlet valve 16, it enters the internal flow channel of each heat exchange tube bundle 3. When the heat exchange medium flows continuously and stably along the preset tube path inside the heat exchange tube bundle 3, The heat exchange medium undergoes indirect heat exchange with the high-temperature slurry outside the tube during the reaction process through the metal tube wall. It continuously absorbs the excess heat released by the biological oxidation reaction in the slurry. Its own temperature gradually increases as the heat absorption process is completed. After the heat absorption is completed, the high-temperature heat exchange medium flows out from the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The outlet of each heat exchange tube bundle 3 is sealed and connected to the corresponding outlet valve 18 installed on the outlet pipe 17. The high-temperature heat exchange medium is collected into the outlet pipe 1 for collection through the independently controlled outlet valve 18, and then uniformly transported to the central heat exchange station for the cascade utilization of waste heat. See Figure 1 , Figure 3and Figure 10 As shown, temperature sensors 10 are installed on the feed pipe 6 and the heat exchange tube bundle 3 via sensor sleeves 9. The sensor sleeves 9 are sealed sleeve structures made of corrosion-resistant material. The sensor sleeves 9 are installed on the pipe wall by means of flanges, threads, or welding, which can stably fix the temperature sensors 10 inside the reaction system, while avoiding direct impact and corrosion of the temperature sensor probe by the slurry, thus extending the service life of the sensors. The temperature sensors 10 can collect temperature data of the slurry and the wall of the heat exchange tube bundle in different areas in real time, and transmit the collected temperature signals to an external control terminal. The control terminal can then adjust the opening of each inlet valve 16 and outlet valve 18 according to the real-time temperature changes, dynamically adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in each group of heat exchange tube bundles 3, thereby accurately controlling the overall reaction temperature inside the bioreactor 1, and always maintaining the temperature within the optimal range required for the bio-oxidation reaction, ensuring that the reaction proceeds stably and efficiently.

[0035] See Figure 4 As shown, a flow meter 19 and a butterfly valve 20 are installed on the air inlet pipe 7. Both the flow meter 19 and the butterfly valve 20 are located above the bioreactor 1. The flow meter 19 and the butterfly valve 20 are respectively connected to an external control terminal. The flow meter 19 can monitor the air inlet flow of the air inlet pipe 7 in real time and transmit the flow signal to the control terminal. The control terminal can adjust the opening of the butterfly valve 20 according to the current oxygen demand of the reaction inside the bioreactor, and dynamically adjust the air inlet flow. This can ensure that the oxygen supply meets the consumption requirements of the biological oxidation reaction, and avoid energy waste caused by excessive gas supply, thus ensuring the stability of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase equilibrium state of the reaction system.

[0036] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a connecting pipe 21 is welded to the top of the bioreactor 1. The connecting pipe 21 is an annular pipe with an inlet 22 at the top, extending out of the top of the bioreactor 1. Five nozzles 23 are installed at the bottom of the connecting pipe 21, evenly spaced along the annular connecting pipe 21. The spray direction of each nozzle 23 is obliquely downward pointing towards the opposite heat exchange tube bundle 3. The external high-pressure flushing water enters the connecting pipe 21 through the inlet 22 and is sprayed out at high speed from each nozzle 23. This can continuously flush the mineral slurry scale adhering to the inner wall of the bioreactor 1, preventing the mineral slurry from adhering to the inner wall for a long time and affecting the heat dissipation effect. At the same time, it can also reduce the risk of inner wall corrosion and ensure the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0037] In this embodiment, after the material discharge is completed, the staff connects the external water source to the inlet 22 and then opens the inlet valve. The high-pressure flushing water enters the annular connecting pipe 21 along the inlet and is then sprayed at high speed downwards through the evenly distributed nozzles 23 onto the inner wall of the bioreactor 1 and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The impact force of the high-speed water flow can effectively wash away the attached mineral slurry scale layer and residual materials. The impurities washed off are discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the bioreactor along with the flushing wastewater, completing the online cleaning operation of the device. There is no need for manual entry into the reactor for disassembly and cleaning, which greatly reduces the workload of equipment maintenance and the operational safety risks.

[0038] As a preferred option, further steps include: S1, the slurry to be treated is introduced into the internal cavity of the bioreactor 1 through the feed pipe 6 located at the bottom of the device, and compressed air is introduced through the air inlet pipe 7. After thorough mixing, an upward circulating flow of gas, liquid and solid phases moves upward together. After the feeding operation is completed, the outlet of the feed pipe 6 is sealed by the pre-set anti-backflow mechanism 8 to prevent the material inside the reactor from flowing back out. During the upward flow of the slurry inside the reactor, it flows through the pre-arranged integrated heat exchange baffle assembly. The five sets of heat exchange tube bundles 3 in the assembly can efficiently absorb the waste heat released by the slurry during the bio-oxidation reaction. At the same time, the baffle 4 in the assembly can rectify and adjust the turbulent slurry flow field, and at the same time generate continuous disturbance to the flowing slurry, enhancing the heat exchange effect.

[0039] After the initial heat exchange in stage S1, the slurry that has completed the first step of waste heat absorption will continue to flow upward along the rising channel in the internal cavity of the reactor, and then flow through the flow equalization plate 11 which is pre-set above the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly. The flow equalization plate 11 can redistribute the slurry that flows out from the heat exchange assembly below and still has uneven flow field, and evenly distribute the slurry to the gap area of ​​the heat exchange tube bundles 3 on both sides, so that each part of the slurry can have a full contact with the surface of the heat exchange tube bundle, ensuring that the slurry can fully contact the heat exchange tube bundle 3, further exchange heat, and complete a better secondary enhanced heat exchange.

[0040] S3, the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange tube bundle 3, which has fully absorbed the residual heat carried by the slurry, will be transported to the central heat exchange station along the preset pipeline in a completely closed closed-loop heat exchange circuit system under the pressure provided by a specially configured circulation pump.

[0041] S4, the central heat exchange station, through a primary process heat exchange loop and a secondary heating heat exchange loop, progressively upgrades the low-grade waste heat carried by the heat transfer medium into high-quality heating energy, which is then delivered to the terminal heating network. The primary process heat exchange loop is a closed-loop system filled with a low-freezing-point, corrosion-resistant heat transfer fluid. This loop originates in the heat exchange tube bundle 3 inside the bioreactor 1. After absorbing the waste heat from the bio-oxidation reaction in the slurry within the reactor, the high-temperature heat transfer fluid inside the heat exchange tube bundle 3 flows out through the outlet pipe 17 and outlet valve 18, and is then transported to the primary heat exchanger within the central heat exchange station via the closed-loop pipeline. In the primary heat exchanger, the high-temperature heat transfer fluid undergoes indirect heat exchange with the intermediate circulating water in the secondary heating heat exchange loop. After releasing heat, the heat transfer fluid cools down, becoming a low-temperature heat transfer fluid. It then flows back to the heat exchange tube bundle 3 in the bioreactor 1 via the inlet pipe 15 and inlet valve 16, reabsorbing heat from the slurry and completing the closed-loop circulation of the primary process heat exchange loop. The secondary heating heat exchange loop is also a closed-loop system, filled with softened water. The starting point of this loop is the secondary heat exchanger in the central heat exchange station. The intermediate circulating water, after completing heat transfer in the primary heat exchanger, carries heat into the secondary heat exchanger and interacts with the heating system. The return water undergoes a second indirect heat exchange in the secondary heat exchanger. In this secondary heat exchanger, the intermediate circulating water transfers heat to the heating return water, raising its temperature to 70-85°C, thus becoming high-temperature heating water. This high-temperature heating water is pressurized by the heating circulation pump and then transported through the terminal heating network to areas requiring heating, such as factory office buildings, workshops, and canteens. The heating return water releases heat at the terminal, its temperature decreases, and it returns to the secondary heat exchanger via the return water pipeline to reabsorb heat, completing the closed-loop circulation of the secondary heating heat exchange circuit. The two circuits mentioned above achieve cascade heat exchange through dual heat exchangers: the primary process heat exchange circuit transfers low-grade waste heat from the reactor. At the heat exchange station, the secondary heating heat exchange loop elevates the heat into high-quality heating energy. The two loops are physically isolated from each other, and heat is transferred only through the metal walls of the heat exchangers. This achieves pressure isolation and temperature decoupling between the process side and the heating side, ensuring that pressure fluctuations or media leaks on either side will not affect the normal operation of the other side. The central heat exchange station also integrates a heat storage buffer module to smooth out fluctuations in biological oxidation heat release and changes in heating load, ensuring continuous and stable heating output. The entire system replaces the traditional direct-venting mode of cooling towers and coal-fired boilers, realizing closed-loop recovery of waste heat and zero-carbon heating.

[0042] S5. Temperature sensors 10 are specifically installed in two areas: the feed pipe 6 and the heat exchange tube bundle 3. The temperature sensor 10 on the feed pipe 6 monitors the initial temperature of the slurry entering the reactor. Located in the central area at the bottom of the reactor, this sensor 10 can acquire real-time temperature data of the feed slurry, providing a basis for the control system to determine whether the feed temperature meets the reaction requirements. The temperature sensor 10 in the feed pipe 6 area monitors the initial temperature of the slurry entering the reactor in real-time. When the feed temperature is lower than the minimum temperature threshold required for the reaction, the control system can issue an early warning or adjust the feed rate to avoid the impact of low-temperature slurry on the activity of microorganisms in the reactor. The temperature sensor 10 on the heat exchange tube bundle 3 monitors the slurry temperature near the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle 3. Located in the core heat exchange area inside the bioreactor 1, this sensor 10 can reflect the temperature change of the slurry during the heat exchange process in real-time, providing direct feedback for the control system to adjust the heat exchange power. The temperature sensor 10 in the heat exchange tube bundle 3 area monitors the core heat exchange area inside the reactor in real-time. Based on the slurry temperature in the reactor, the control system automatically adjusts the opening of the inlet valve 16 and outlet valve 18, the frequency conversion output of the circulating pump, and the heat exchange power of the central heat exchange station using adaptive PID or fuzzy algorithms. This keeps the temperature fluctuation inside the reactor within ±1℃, ensuring the bio-oxidation reaction proceeds stably within the optimal temperature range. By distributing multiple temperature sensors 10 on the feed pipe 6 and each group of heat exchange tube bundles 3, temperature data at different locations inside the reactor can be acquired, forming a three-dimensional temperature field distribution map. The control system uses this map to determine whether there are local overheated or undercooled areas inside the reactor and adjusts the heat exchange power of the corresponding heat exchange tubes 3 accordingly to achieve balanced temperature control inside the reactor. When the temperature sensor 10 detects that the temperature inside the reactor exceeds the set safety threshold, such as above 60℃ or below 35℃, the control system automatically triggers an alarm and takes protective measures, such as increasing the frequency of the circulating pump, increasing the heat exchange power, or suspending the feed, to prevent microbial death or reaction runaway due to abnormal temperature.

[0043] S6, after completing the heat release process at the central heat exchange station and transferring the heat carried to the medium to be heated, the cooled heat transfer medium flows back stably through a pre-laid closed circulation loop to the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly arranged inside the bioreactor 1. Then, the predetermined steps S1 to S5 in the heat exchange process are repeated to continuously realize the closed-loop recovery and efficient utilization of the waste heat generated during the bio-oxidation reaction.

[0044] S7. When the bio-oxidation reaction proceeds stably according to the preset process parameters and the reaction process reaches the predetermined endpoint, the feed pipe 6 and air inlet pipe 7 pre-connected to the bottom of bioreactor 1 are closed to stop the supply of raw materials and reaction gas to the bioreactor 1. Then, the discharge valve pre-installed at the bottom of bioreactor 1 is opened to slowly discharge the slurry that has completed the oxidation treatment from bioreactor 1. During the entire discharge process of the slurry, the central controller continuously adjusts the working status of the circulation pump in the closed loop to maintain the normal operation of the closed loop, ensuring that the heat exchange process continues and gradually removing the residual reaction heat inside the reactor until the internal temperature of bioreactor 1 monitored by temperature sensor 10 drops below the preset safety threshold. Then, an instruction is issued to stop the operation of the circulation pump.

[0045] S8. After all the slurry has been discharged and the discharge process is complete, start the nozzle 23 located on the inner wall of bioreactor 1 or in the installation area of ​​heat exchange tube bundle 3. Inject the prepared special cleaning solution into the internal space of bioreactor 1 through the nozzle. At the same time, allow the cleaning solution to circulate continuously inside the bioreactor, and perform all-round circulation flushing on all outer wall surfaces of heat exchange tube bundle 3 and the surface of baffle plate 4 fixedly installed inside the reactor. This thoroughly removes residual impurities from the slurry and scale generated during the reaction process from these structural surfaces. After the cleaning operation is completed, the cleaning waste liquid mixed with slurry impurities and scale is discharged through the discharge valve at the bottom of bioreactor 1. Then, clean water is injected to rinse the inner wall of bioreactor 1, the outer wall of heat exchange tube bundle 3, and the surface of baffle plate 4 multiple times until the pH of the effluent reaches the neutral standard. This completes the entire shutdown maintenance operation after the biological oxidation reaction.

[0046] The bioreactor, heat exchange tube bundle, baffle, sensor sleeve, temperature sensor, drive motor, electric push rod and sealing ring involved in this case are all existing technologies that have been publicly applied and are mature in the relevant fields. As long as the performance parameters, structural dimensions and installation specifications of the above-mentioned components can meet the design requirements of the biological oxidation heat exchange device proposed in this case, the appropriate corresponding components can be selected for assembly and use.

[0047] The specific types or circuit structures of the controllers for the electrical components mentioned in this application, as well as the circuit connection relationships between the electrical components and the accurate coordinated control of multiple power components, are all prior art. Therefore, the above content will not be elaborated upon in this application.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention; therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention; no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0049] In the description of this invention, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this invention, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological oxidation heat exchange device, characterized in that, include: A bioreactor, wherein the interior of the bioreactor is a cavity structure; Multiple sets of mounting brackets are installed on the inner wall of the bioreactor; Multiple sets of heat exchange tube bundles are mounted on the mounting frame and pass through the middle of the mounting frame. The mounting frame and the heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple sets of baffles are mounted on the mounting frame. The baffles are located on the side of the heat exchange tube bundle near the middle of the bioreactor. Multiple guide vanes are mounted on the baffles. The multiple guide vanes are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the baffles. The guide vanes are provided with turbulence holes. A feed pipe is installed inside the bioreactor, located at the center bottom of the bioreactor, with the feed end of the feed pipe extending out of the bioreactor; An anti-backflow mechanism is installed on the feed pipe and is used to prevent material from flowing back into the feed pipe from inside the bioreactor; Multiple flow equalization plates are installed at the inner top of the bioreactor. Each flow equalization plate corresponds to and is adapted to the heat exchange tube bundle. The end of each flow equalization plate is located above the heat exchange tube bundle.

2. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioreactor is equipped with an air inlet pipe located inside the bioreactor. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the top of the bioreactor, and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the feed pipe.

3. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioreactor is equipped with a support frame, which is installed at the bottom center of the bioreactor, and the feed pipe is installed on the support frame.

4. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The backflow prevention mechanism includes: An outer casing, which is mounted on the support frame; An inner carrier plate, which is installed horizontally inside the outer casing; A connecting rod is provided, which passes through the inner carrier plate in a vertical direction. The top end of the connecting rod passes through the top of the outer shell and the top end of the feed pipe in sequence, and slides and rotates with the outer shell and the feed pipe. A sliding sealing ring is installed at the connection between the connecting rod and the outer shell. A cover plate is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting rod, and a sealing ring is installed at the bottom of the cover plate. The sealing ring has an annular structure.

5. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The backflow prevention mechanism also includes: A first drive unit is mounted on the inner carrier plate; The first synchronous pulley is installed at the output end of the first drive motor; The second synchronous pulley is rotatably mounted on the inner carrier plate and slidably fitted on the connecting rod. A limit strip is installed on the outer wall of the connecting rod along the length direction, and a limit groove is formed on the inner wall of the second synchronous pulley. The limit strip is slidably mounted in the limit groove. A timing belt, which is fitted onto the outside of the first timing pulley and the second timing pulley; An electric actuator, which is mounted on the inner carrier plate; A connecting plate is installed between the output end of the electric push rod and the bottom end of the connecting rod.

6. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioreactor is equipped with a tank at the top, and a second drive motor is installed at the top of the tank. A stirring rod is rotatably mounted on the bioreactor, and the top end of the stirring rod is connected to the output end of the second drive motor. The stirring rod is located directly above the feed pipe. The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle both extend beyond the top of the bioreactor; the top of the tank is also equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, with multiple sets of inlet valves installed on the inlet pipe, each inlet valve corresponding to one of the heat exchange tube bundles and connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube bundle; multiple sets of outlet valves are installed on the outlet pipe, each outlet valve corresponding to one of the heat exchange tube bundles and connected to the outlet of the heat exchange tube bundle.

7. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, Temperature sensors are installed on the feed pipe and the heat exchange tube bundle through sensor sleeves.

8. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flow meter and a butterfly valve are installed on the air inlet pipe, and both the flow meter and the butterfly valve are located above the bioreactor.

9. The biological oxidation heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioreactor has a connecting pipe installed at its inner top, and an inlet is installed at the top of the connecting pipe. The inlet extends out of the top of the bioreactor. Multiple nozzles are installed at the bottom of the connecting pipe, and each nozzle corresponds to a heat exchange tube bundle. The nozzles are located above the heat exchange tube bundle.

10. A method for waste heat recovery and utilization using the biological oxidation heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 introduces the slurry entering through the bottom feed pipe and the compressed air entering through the air inlet pipe into the bioreactor, forming a three-phase upward circulating flow of gas, liquid and solid. After feeding, the outlet of the feed pipe is sealed by an anti-backflow mechanism. During the upward process, the slurry flows through the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly. The heat exchange tube bundle in the assembly absorbs the waste heat of the biological oxidation reaction in the slurry, while the baffle plate rectifyes and disturbs the slurry flow field. S2, after the initial heat exchange in S1, the slurry continues to rise and flows through the flow equalization plate. The flow equalization plate evenly distributes the slurry to the gap area of ​​the heat exchange tube bundles on both sides, ensuring that the slurry and the heat exchange tube bundles are in full contact and complete the secondary enhanced heat exchange. S3, the heat transfer medium that has absorbed heat in the heat exchange tube bundle is transported to the central heat exchange station by a circulating pump in a closed-loop heat exchange circuit. S4, the central heat exchange station uses a primary process heat exchange loop and a secondary heating heat exchange loop to upgrade the low-grade waste heat carried by the heat transfer medium into high-quality heating heat energy, and then delivers it to the terminal heating network. S5, a multi-point distributed temperature sensor array collects temperature data in real time inside the bioreactor, the water supply and return ends of the heat exchange station, and the feeding area. The central controller adaptively adjusts the frequency conversion output of the circulating pump, the opening of the electric regulating valve of the heat exchange circuit, and the heat exchange power of the heat exchange station based on the temperature data to control the temperature fluctuation inside the bioreactor within ±1℃. At the same time, the heating output can be adjusted according to actual needs. S6, the heat transfer medium that has completed the heat release at the central heat exchange station flows back to the integrated heat exchange baffle assembly in the reactor through a closed loop, repeating S1 to S5 to achieve continuous closed-loop recovery and utilization of waste heat. S7. When the bio-oxidation reaction reaches the predetermined endpoint, close the bottom feed pipe and air inlet pipe, open the bottom discharge valve of the reactor, and discharge the oxidized slurry from the bioreactor. During the discharge process, the central controller adjusts the circulation pump to maintain the closed circulation loop until the temperature inside the reactor drops below the set safety threshold, and then stops the circulation pump. S8, after the material discharge is completed, the cleaning solution is injected into the bioreactor through the nozzles set on the inner wall of the bioreactor or in the heat exchange tube bundle area to circulate and clean the outer wall of the heat exchange tube bundle and the surface of the baffle plate, removing slurry residue and scale; the cleaning waste liquid is discharged through the bottom discharge valve and then rinsed with clean water until neutral, completing the shutdown maintenance.

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