Preparation method of high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hot-rolled plate preparation, and discloses a preparation method of high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate, which comprises the following steps: raw material pretreatment, smelting and casting, ingot homogenizing annealing, surface treatment, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, finish rolling, finished product annealing, surface finishing and performance detection. The preparation method of the high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate effectively solves the problems of oxidation, composition segregation, surface defects and unstable performance which are prone to occurring in traditional preparation by standardizing operation of each process, adopting inert gas protection, multi-pass annealing and surface finishing process, so that the prepared silicon brass hot-rolled plate has no obvious defects and stable performance, and the application requirement of high performance is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hot-rolled plate preparation technology, specifically to a method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plates. Background Technology

[0002] Silicon brass possesses excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and processing performance, and is widely used in various fields such as machinery manufacturing, electrical and electronic equipment, and pipeline transportation. With the continuous development of industrial technology, the performance requirements for hot-rolled silicon brass sheets are constantly increasing. Traditional manufacturing methods, due to non-standardized process steps and inadequate control of each process, are prone to problems such as raw material oxidation, melt composition segregation, ingot defects, surface peeling during rolling, and unstable performance, resulting in low product qualification rates and difficulty in meeting the demands of high-performance applications.

[0003] In existing technologies, some preparation methods have problems such as missing steps or non-standard operation. For example, insufficient homogenization annealing can lead to the inability to eliminate internal stress in the ingot, which can easily cause cracks during subsequent rolling; or inadequate surface treatment can leave impurities that affect the surface quality and performance of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plates. This method features standardized operation of each process, inert gas protection, multi-pass annealing, and surface finishing. It solves the problems of oxidation, component segregation, surface defects, and performance instability that are prone to occur in traditional preparation methods, ensuring that the prepared silicon brass hot-rolled plates are free of obvious defects and have stable performance, thus meeting the requirements of high-performance applications. Technical solution

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate, comprising the following steps: raw material pretreatment, melting and casting, ingot homogenization annealing, surface treatment, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, precision rolling, finished product annealing, surface finishing, and performance testing.

[0006] Preferably, the raw material pretreatment step specifically involves: selecting raw materials for preparing silicon brass that meet industrial-grade standards, removing oxide scale, oil stains and impurities from the surface of all raw materials by mechanical grinding combined with ultrasonic cleaning, and drying with hot air after cleaning to ensure that the surface of the raw materials is free of oxidation and impurity residue.

[0007] Preferably, the smelting and casting step specifically includes: Step 1, Melting: Place the pretreated raw material in a preheated graphite crucible, introduce inert gas for protection, heat until the raw material is completely melted and the composition is homogenized, add a mixed covering agent to the surface of the melt to prevent the melt from oxidizing and absorbing gas. Step 2, Alloying: Adjust the melt temperature, add the corresponding raw materials in sequence, and heat up and stir evenly after complete melting; then wrap the remaining raw materials with aluminum foil and press them into the melt using the bell jar method for modification treatment, stirring evenly to ensure uniform distribution of alloy composition; Step 3, Static Refining: Keep the melt at the appropriate temperature and allow it to stand. During this period, use a graphite slag skimmer to remove slag and impurities from the surface of the melt to ensure the purity of the melt. Step 4: Casting: The refined melt is cooled and gravity-cast, then cooled by water to obtain an ingot. The surface of the ingot is free of cracks, shrinkage cavities, and inclusions.

[0008] Preferably, the ingot homogenization annealing step specifically involves: placing the cast ingot into an annealing furnace, introducing inert gas for protection, heating to a specified temperature and holding at that temperature, and periodically stirring the atmosphere inside the furnace during the holding process to ensure uniform temperature; then cooling down and then cooling to room temperature with the furnace; annealing eliminates internal stress and component segregation inside the ingot, and improves the plasticity of the ingot.

[0009] Preferably, the surface treatment step specifically involves: using a grinding wheel to grind the surface of the homogenized annealed ingot to remove surface oxide scale, burrs, and defect layers; after grinding, acid pickling is performed, followed by rinsing with deionized water until no acid residue remains on the surface, and then hot air drying is used to ensure that the ingot surface is flat and clean.

[0010] Preferably, the hot rolling step specifically includes: feeding the surface-treated ingot into a hot rolling mill, using multi-pass hot rolling, preheating the ingot before hot rolling to ensure uniform ingot temperature; gradually adjusting the rolling temperature, reduction, and rolling speed in multiple passes to control the hot rolling termination temperature and avoid cracks caused by low-temperature rolling; using emulsion cooling during hot rolling, and blowing the surface of the plate after each pass to remove residual emulsion; obtaining a hot-rolled slab after hot rolling, with no peeling, delamination, or hole defects on the slab surface.

[0011] Preferably, the intermediate annealing step specifically involves: placing the hot-rolled slab into an annealing furnace, introducing inert gas for protection, heating to a specified temperature and holding at that temperature, cooling down after the holding period, and then cooling to room temperature with the furnace; intermediate annealing eliminates the work hardening generated during hot rolling, restores the plasticity of the slab, and prepares it for subsequent precision rolling.

[0012] Preferably, the finishing rolling step specifically involves: feeding the intermediate annealed slab into a finishing mill, performing multi-pass finishing rolling, controlling the finishing rolling temperature, and gradually adjusting the finishing rolling reduction and finishing rolling speed; continuously using emulsion cooling during the finishing rolling process; and obtaining a silicon brass hot-rolled plate after finishing rolling, with the dimensional tolerances and surface roughness of the plate meeting the requirements.

[0013] Preferably, the finished product annealing step specifically involves: placing the hot-rolled plate after precision rolling into an annealing furnace, introducing inert gas for protection, heating to a specified temperature and holding at that temperature, and then naturally cooling to room temperature after the holding period; the finished product annealing temperature is lower than the intermediate annealing temperature, which is used to eliminate the internal stress generated during precision rolling, stabilize the plate structure and properties, and make the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the plate meet the high-performance requirements.

[0014] Preferably, the surface finishing step specifically includes: straightening the annealed hot-rolled sheet, controlling the straightening temperature and speed to ensure the flatness of the sheet meets the requirements; polishing after straightening, controlling the polishing speed and time to ensure the surface of the sheet is free of scratches and oxide spots; the performance testing step specifically includes: randomly selecting samples, testing the relevant properties and dimensional accuracy of the sheet respectively, and cutting and packaging after passing the test to obtain high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled sheet; if the test fails, returning to the corresponding process for rework until the test passes.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plates, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The preparation method of this high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate strictly follows the standardized process steps. From raw material pretreatment to performance testing, each step has clear operational requirements, which effectively avoids product defects caused by missing processes and non-standard operations in traditional preparation, and improves the product qualification rate.

[0016] 2. The preparation method of this high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate effectively prevents melt oxidation and gas absorption, avoids component segregation, and ensures melt purity and compositional uniformity by using inert gas protection and mixed covering agent protection during the smelting process, as well as bell jar modification treatment during the alloying process.

[0017] 3. The preparation method of this high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate adopts a multi-pass annealing process of ingot homogenization annealing, intermediate annealing, and finished product annealing, which effectively eliminates the internal stress and work hardening generated in the ingot and each rolling stage, improves the plasticity of the plate, stabilizes the plate structure and properties, and ensures that the product meets the high-performance requirements.

[0018] 4. The preparation method of this high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate, the standardized operation of surface treatment and surface finishing processes, ensure that the plate surface is flat, clean and free of defects, and improve the appearance quality and performance of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 A method for preparing a high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate includes the following steps: raw material pretreatment, melting and casting, ingot homogenization annealing, surface treatment, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, precision rolling, finished product annealing, surface finishing, and performance testing.

[0022] The specific steps of raw material pretreatment are as follows: Select raw materials for preparing silicon brass that meet industrial-grade standards, remove oxide scale, oil stains and impurities on the surface of all raw materials by mechanical grinding combined with ultrasonic cleaning, and dry them with hot air after cleaning to ensure that there is no oxidation or impurity residue on the surface of the raw materials.

[0023] The smelting and casting process specifically includes: Step 1, Melting: Place the pretreated raw material in a preheated graphite crucible, introduce inert gas for protection, heat until the raw material is completely melted and the composition is homogenized, add a mixed covering agent to the surface of the melt to prevent the melt from oxidizing and absorbing gas. Step 2, Alloying: Adjust the melt temperature, add the corresponding raw materials in sequence, and heat up and stir evenly after complete melting; then wrap the remaining raw materials with aluminum foil and press them into the melt using the bell jar method for modification treatment, stirring evenly to ensure uniform distribution of alloy composition; Step 3, Static Refining: Keep the melt at the appropriate temperature and allow it to stand. During this period, use a graphite slag skimmer to remove slag and impurities from the surface of the melt to ensure the purity of the melt. Step 4: Casting: The refined melt is cooled and gravity-cast, then cooled by water to obtain an ingot. The surface of the ingot is free of cracks, shrinkage cavities, and inclusions.

[0024] The specific steps of the ingot homogenization annealing process are as follows: the cast ingot is placed in an annealing furnace, inert gas is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to the specified temperature and held, and the atmosphere in the furnace is stirred regularly during the holding process to ensure uniform temperature; then the temperature is lowered and cooled to room temperature with the furnace; after annealing, the internal stress and compositional segregation inside the ingot are eliminated, and the plasticity of the ingot is improved.

[0025] The surface treatment steps are as follows: the surface of the ingot after homogenization and annealing is polished with a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide scale, burrs and defect layers; after polishing, acid pickling is performed, and after acid pickling, it is rinsed with deionized water until there is no acid residue on the surface, and then hot air is used to dry it to ensure that the surface of the ingot is flat and clean.

[0026] The hot rolling process is as follows: the surface-treated ingot is fed into the hot rolling mill and hot rolling is carried out in multiple passes. The ingot is preheated before hot rolling to ensure uniform ingot temperature. The rolling temperature, reduction and rolling speed are gradually adjusted in multiple passes to control the hot rolling termination temperature and avoid cracks caused by low-temperature rolling. Emulsion is used for cooling during hot rolling. After each pass, the surface of the plate is blown to remove residual emulsion. After hot rolling, a hot-rolled slab is obtained with no peeling, delamination and hole defects on the slab surface.

[0027] The intermediate annealing step is as follows: the hot-rolled slab is placed in an annealing furnace, inert gas is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to the specified temperature and held, the temperature is lowered after the holding period, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace; intermediate annealing eliminates the work hardening generated during hot rolling, restores the plasticity of the plate, and prepares it for subsequent precision rolling.

[0028] The finishing rolling process is as follows: the intermediate annealed slab is fed into the finishing mill, and multiple passes are used for finishing rolling. The finishing rolling temperature is controlled, and the finishing rolling reduction and finishing rolling speed are gradually adjusted. Emulsion cooling is continuously used during the finishing rolling process. After finishing rolling, a hot-rolled silicon brass plate is obtained, and the dimensional tolerances and surface roughness of the plate meet the requirements.

[0029] The specific steps of the finished product annealing process are as follows: the hot-rolled plate after precision rolling is placed in an annealing furnace, inert gas is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to the specified temperature and held, and after the holding period, it is naturally cooled to room temperature; the finished product annealing temperature is lower than the intermediate annealing temperature, which is used to eliminate the internal stress generated during the precision rolling process, stabilize the plate structure and properties, and make the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the plate meet the high performance requirements.

[0030] The surface finishing process specifically involves: straightening the annealed hot-rolled sheet, controlling the straightening temperature and speed to ensure the flatness of the sheet meets the requirements; polishing after straightening, controlling the polishing speed and time to ensure the surface of the sheet is free of scratches and oxide spots; the performance testing process specifically involves: randomly selecting samples and testing the relevant properties and dimensional accuracy of the sheet; after passing the test, the sheet is cut and packaged to obtain a high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled sheet; if the test fails, the sheet is returned to the corresponding process for rework until it passes the test.

[0031] It should be noted that the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their likenesses.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Raw material pretreatment, smelting and casting, ingot homogenization annealing, surface treatment, hot rolling, intermediate annealing, precision rolling, finished product annealing, surface finishing, and performance testing.

2. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the raw material pretreatment are as follows: Select raw materials for preparing silicon brass that meet industrial-grade standards, remove oxide scale, oil stains and impurities on the surface of all raw materials by mechanical grinding combined with ultrasonic cleaning, and dry them with hot air after cleaning to ensure that there is no oxidation or impurity residue on the surface of the raw materials.

3. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smelting and casting steps specifically include: Step 1, Melting: Place the pretreated raw material in a preheated graphite crucible, introduce inert gas for protection, heat until the raw material is completely melted and the composition is homogenized, add a mixed covering agent to the surface of the melt to prevent the melt from oxidizing and absorbing gas. Step 2, Alloying: Adjust the melt temperature, add the corresponding raw materials in sequence, and heat up and stir evenly after complete melting; then wrap the remaining raw materials with aluminum foil and press them into the melt using the bell jar method for modification treatment, stirring evenly to ensure uniform distribution of alloy composition; Step 3, Static Refining: Keep the melt at the appropriate temperature and allow it to stand. During this period, use a graphite slag skimmer to remove slag and impurities from the surface of the melt to ensure the purity of the melt. Step 4: Casting: The refined melt is cooled and gravity-cast, then cooled by water to obtain an ingot. The surface of the ingot is free of cracks, shrinkage cavities, and inclusions.

4. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the ingot homogenization annealing process are as follows: the cast ingot is placed in an annealing furnace, an inert gas is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to a specified temperature and held, and the atmosphere in the furnace is stirred regularly during the holding process to ensure uniform temperature; then the temperature is lowered and cooled to room temperature with the furnace; after annealing, the internal stress and compositional segregation inside the ingot are eliminated, and the plasticity of the ingot is improved.

5. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface treatment steps are as follows: the surface of the ingot after homogenization and annealing is polished with a grinding wheel to remove the surface oxide scale, burrs and defect layers; after polishing, acid pickling is performed, and after acid pickling, the surface is rinsed with deionized water until there is no acid residue, and then hot air is used for drying to ensure that the surface of the ingot is flat and clean.

6. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot rolling process specifically involves: feeding the surface-treated ingot into a hot rolling mill and performing multi-pass hot rolling; preheating the ingot before hot rolling to ensure uniform ingot temperature; gradually adjusting the rolling temperature, reduction, and rolling speed over multiple passes to control the hot rolling termination temperature and prevent cracks from forming during low-temperature rolling; using emulsion cooling during hot rolling; and blowing the surface of the plate after each pass to remove residual emulsion; and obtaining a hot-rolled slab after hot rolling, with no peeling, delamination, or hole defects on the slab surface.

7. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate annealing step specifically involves: placing the hot-rolled slab into an annealing furnace, introducing inert gas for protection, heating to a specified temperature and holding it at that temperature, cooling it down after the holding period, and then cooling it to room temperature with the furnace; intermediate annealing eliminates the work hardening generated during hot rolling, restores the plasticity of the slab, and prepares it for subsequent precision rolling.

8. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finishing rolling step specifically involves: feeding the intermediate annealed slab into the finishing mill, using multi-pass finishing rolling, controlling the finishing rolling temperature, and gradually adjusting the finishing rolling reduction and finishing rolling speed; continuously using emulsion cooling during the finishing rolling process; and obtaining a silicon brass hot-rolled plate after finishing rolling, with the dimensional tolerances and surface roughness of the plate meeting the requirements.

9. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the finished product annealing process are as follows: the hot-rolled plate after precision rolling is placed in an annealing furnace, inert gas is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to a specified temperature and held, and after the holding period, it is naturally cooled to room temperature; the finished product annealing temperature is lower than the intermediate annealing temperature, which is used to eliminate the internal stress generated during the precision rolling process, stabilize the plate structure and properties, and make the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the plate meet the high performance requirements.

10. The method for preparing high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface finishing step specifically involves: straightening the annealed hot-rolled sheet, controlling the straightening temperature and speed to ensure the flatness of the sheet meets the requirements; polishing after straightening, controlling the polishing speed and time to ensure the surface of the sheet is free of scratches and oxide spots; the performance testing step specifically involves: randomly selecting samples and testing the relevant properties and dimensional accuracy of the sheet; after passing the test, cutting and packaging are performed to obtain high-performance silicon brass hot-rolled sheets; if the test fails, the sheets are returned to the corresponding process for rework until they pass the test.

Images