Laser cladding alloy material and preparation method and application thereof, and laser cladding method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of laser cladding, and specifically discloses a laser cladding alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof, and a laser cladding method. According to volume percentage, the laser cladding alloy material comprises the following components: 1% to 5% of plated diamond powder and 95% to 99% of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. Through the application, a CoCrFeNi-based plated diamond composite high-entropy alloy integrated laser cladding protective coating is provided, which can simultaneously exert the intrinsic performance advantages of high-entropy alloy and the super-high hardness characteristics of diamond, retain the excellent fracture toughness and interface bonding strength of the high-entropy alloy substrate, effectively absorb the high-speed microjet and shock wave energy generated by fluid cavitation erosion, and inhibit the initiation, expansion and bulk fatigue peeling of microcracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of laser cladding, and more specifically, relates to a laser cladding alloy material, its preparation method and application, and a laser cladding method. Background Technology

[0002] Over the past few decades, laser cladding surface modification technology has become the mainstream approach to address the premature failure of core components in critical equipment such as turbine flow parts, hydraulic valve bodies, and ship propellers. However, these components are subjected to both abrasive wear and fluid cavitation for extended periods. These two failure mechanisms inherently contradict and conflict in the performance requirements of protective coatings, representing a core bottleneck restricting the service life of existing coatings and the long-term operational reliability of equipment. Abrasive wear demands extremely high coating hardness to resist the cutting, plowing, and erosion effects of hard particles, while fluid cavitation relies on the coating's excellent fracture toughness and interfacial bonding strength to absorb the impact energy of high-speed microjets and shock waves, inhibit the initiation and propagation of microcracks, and prevent material fatigue spalling. These two performance requirements typically exhibit an inherent trade-off in traditional single-alloy systems. High-hardness coatings are often brittle and have poor impact resistance, making them prone to large-scale spalling under cavitation; while high-toughness coatings lack sufficient hardness to resist abrasive wear. While gradient coatings prepared in layers can optimize the performance of different layers to some extent, problems such as weak interlayer interfaces, residual stress concentration, complex processes, and high costs can actually accelerate coating failure under alternating loads, significantly shortening the protective life. Furthermore, traditional coating systems generally suffer from insufficient corrosion resistance, and the failure process is further exacerbated by the combined effects of corrosive media and mechanical loads.

[0003] The emergence of multi-principal-element high-entropy alloys offers a unique opportunity to overcome this long-standing performance bottleneck. They exhibit unique high mixing entropy effects, lattice distortion effects, and slow diffusion effects, enabling them to simultaneously achieve a balance of high strength, high hardness, good toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance within a simple solid solution phase structure, breaking through the performance design limits of traditional alloys. This study designed a composite high-entropy alloy cladding powder system based on a CoCrFeNi matrix. While retaining the inherent high toughness and corrosion resistance of the matrix, coated diamond powder was introduced as a hard reinforcing phase. A composite powder with high sphericity, good flowability, and uniform composition was prepared using a gas atomization process. During laser cladding, by optimizing the process window and employing a matching strategy of medium-low power and moderate scanning speed, the molten pool temperature and solidification rate were effectively controlled, successfully preparing a dense, pore-free, crack-free, and metallurgically well-bonded integrated protective coating on the matrix surface. This coating significantly enhances the overall hardness to resist abrasive wear by utilizing the lattice distortion strengthening and solid solution strengthening effects of the high-entropy alloy matrix. At the same time, by precisely controlling the phase composition, grain size and residual stress distribution, it effectively improves the fracture toughness and interfacial bonding strength of the coating, and suppresses the initiation and propagation of microcracks and large-scale material spalling during cavitation erosion.

[0004] Compared to traditional layered gradient protective coatings, this integrated coating eliminates the need for complex multi-layered structural designs and multi-pass cladding processes, simultaneously meeting the service requirements of both abrasive wear and fluid cavitation, significantly simplifying the preparation process and reducing production costs. However, the control of interfacial wettability between diamond and the substrate, as well as the uniform dispersion of the reinforcing phase in high-entropy alloy-diamond composite coatings, remain key factors limiting further performance improvements. Furthermore, due to the complexity and variability of actual service conditions, research on the fatigue life and failure mechanisms of coatings under long-term alternating loads remains an important topic requiring in-depth investigation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a laser cladding alloy material, its preparation method and application, and a laser cladding method, which aims to solve the problem of how to achieve both high wear resistance and excellent cavitation erosion resistance in an integrated coating.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a laser cladding alloy material, which, by volume percentage, comprises the following components: 1% to 5% coated diamond powder and 95% to 99% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the coated diamond powder comprises diamond powder and a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is coated on the surface of the diamond powder; the particle size of the diamond powder ranges from 5 μm to 20 μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer ranges from 1 μm to 3 μm.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the particle size of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder ranges from 15 μm to 53 μm.

[0009] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing laser cladding alloy materials, comprising the following steps: A mixed solution was obtained by mixing 1% to 5% by volume of coated diamond powder, 95% to 99% by volume of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, and anhydrous ethanol. The mixed solution is ball-milled and then dried to obtain a laser-clad alloy material.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the ball-to-material ratio of the ball mill is in the range of 5:1 to 8:1, the rotation speed is in the range of 200 r / min to 300 r / min, and the ball milling time is in the range of 2 h to 4 h.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the coated diamond powder is prepared by the following steps: Diamond powder with a particle size range of 5μm to 20μm is available; Obtain a chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution with the following composition: nickel sulfate 20 g / L to 30 g / L, sodium hypophosphite 15 g / L to 25 g / L, sodium citrate 10 g / L to 15 g / L, and sodium acetate 5 g / L to 10 g / L. The diamond powder was added to a chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution, stirred and reacted under water bath conditions, and the plating thickness was controlled to be 1 μm to 3 μm. After that, it was filtered and dried to obtain coated diamond powder.

[0012] It is understood that before the diamond powder is added to the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating solution, the pH of the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating solution is adjusted to acidic; preferably, the pH value range is 4.5 to 5.5, and more preferably, ammonia water can be used to adjust the pH value.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is prepared by the following steps: Spherical CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder with a particle size range of 15μm to 53μm was prepared by rotating plasma electrode atomization or vacuum melting gas atomization.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an application of the laser cladding alloy material described in the first aspect above in laser cladding.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a laser cladding method, comprising the following steps: The laser cladding alloy material described in the first aspect above is placed on the surface of the substrate; The laser cladding alloy material is laser-fused to a substrate to form a cladding layer on the surface of the substrate.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the laser fusion process parameters satisfy at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) The power of the laser is 800W to 1500W; (2) The laser spot diameter is 2mm to 4mm; (3) The laser scanning speed is 5 mm / s to 15 mm / s.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the laser cladding alloy material is placed on the substrate surface using a coaxial powder feeding method, with a powder feeding rate of 5g / min to 15g / min, an overlap rate of 30% to 40%, and a protective gas flow rate of 15L / min to 20L / min.

[0018] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following main technical advantages: This application provides a laser cladding alloy material, its preparation method, and its application. The laser cladding method provides an integrated laser cladding protective coating of a CoCrFeNi-based coated diamond composite high-entropy alloy. The multi-principal-element high-entropy alloy is a novel alloy material composed of four or more metallic elements with equal or near-equal atomic ratios. Its unique high mixing entropy effect makes it prone to forming simple face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic solid solution phases, rather than brittle complex intermetallic compounds. Introducing a coated diamond reinforcing phase with good interfacial wettability into its matrix forms a uniformly dispersed composite structure, which can simultaneously leverage the intrinsic performance advantages of high-entropy alloys and the ultra-high hardness of diamond. This integrated coating utilizes the lattice distortion effect and slow diffusion effect of high-entropy alloys to achieve significant solid solution strengthening and grain refinement, greatly improving the overall hardness of the coating to resist the cutting and ploughing action of abrasive grains. At the same time, by precisely controlling the cladding process parameters to optimize the phase composition, grain size and residual stress distribution, it retains the excellent fracture toughness and interfacial bonding strength of the high-entropy alloy matrix. It can effectively absorb the energy of high-speed microjets and shock waves generated by fluid cavitation, and suppress the initiation and propagation of microcracks and large-scale fatigue spalling of materials. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the laser cladding alloy material preparation method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the diamond-high entropy alloy composite powder prepared in Example 2 of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 These are SEM images of the coatings after wear obtained from Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 provided in this application.

[0022] Figure 4 These are SEM test images of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 These are SEM test images of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. In this application, the symbol " / " indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B means A or B.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0027] First, the technical terms used in the embodiments of this application will be introduced.

[0028] (1) CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is a new type of alloy material composed of four main metallic elements: cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) in equimolar or near-equimolar ratios (i.e., the atomic percentages of each element are approximately equal).

[0029] (2) Coated diamond Coated diamond is a functional material in which a metal layer is coated onto the surface of diamond using a composite plating process.

[0030] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the laser cladding alloy material preparation method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare coated diamond powder.

[0032] Step S2: Prepare high-entropy alloy matrix powder.

[0033] Step S3: Preparation of laser cladding alloy materials.

[0034] Step S31: Mix 1% to 5% by volume of coated diamond powder, 95% to 99% by volume of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, and anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution. The aforementioned coated diamond powder includes diamond powder and a metal layer, with the metal layer coated on the surface of the diamond powder; furthermore, the particle size of the diamond powder ranges from 5μm to 20μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer ranges from 1μm to 3μm.

[0035] Optionally, the particle size range of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15μm to 53μm.

[0036] Step S32: The mixed solution is ball-milled and then dried to obtain a laser cladding alloy material.

[0037] Among them, CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is a multi-element high-entropy alloy, which is a new type of alloy material composed of four or more metallic elements with equal or near-equal atomic ratios. Its unique high mixing entropy effect makes it tend to form simple face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic solid solution phases, rather than brittle complex intermetallic compounds.

[0038] Step S4: Using the laser cladding alloy material prepared in step S3 as raw material, an integrated laser cladding coating is prepared.

[0039] The specific preparation steps of steps S1, S2 and S4 described above can be found in the following examples.

[0040] The CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy matrix itself has excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance. It can maintain a stable microstructure and mechanical properties under the synergistic effect of corrosive media and mechanical loads, which greatly extends the service life of the coating obtained by laser cladding under complex and harsh working conditions.

[0041] Introducing a coated diamond reinforcing phase with good interfacial wettability into a CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy matrix forms a uniformly dispersed composite structure, which can simultaneously leverage the intrinsic performance advantages of the high-entropy alloy and the ultra-high hardness of diamond. Among them, the metal coating layer in the coated diamond effectively improves the interfacial wettability and bonding strength between diamond and the metal substrate, avoids the aggravation of secondary abrasive wear caused by the detachment of the reinforcing phase, and significantly enhances the overall load-bearing capacity of the coating obtained by laser cladding.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, this application provides a method for preparing CoCrFeNi-based coated diamond composite high-entropy alloy cladding powder and laser cladding integrated coating, which includes the following steps: Step S1: Preparation of coated diamond reinforcement phase The preparation of coated diamond powder using the chemical nickel-phosphorus plating method includes the following sub-steps: Step S11: Select single-crystal diamond powder with a particle size of 5μm to 20μm, and clean it sequentially with dilute hydrochloric acid, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water for 10 min to 20 min each to remove surface impurities and oil stains. Then place it in an oven at 60℃ to 80℃ to dry it for later use. Step S12: Prepare a chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution with the following composition: nickel sulfate 20g / L~30g / L, sodium hypophosphite 15g / L~25g / L, sodium citrate 10g / L~15g / L, sodium acetate 5g / L~10g / L, and adjust the pH value to 4.5~5.5 with ammonia. Step S13: Add the pretreated diamond powder to the plating solution and stir and react for 30 min to 60 min under water bath conditions of 80℃~90℃, and control the plating thickness to be 1μm~3μm. Step S14: After the reaction is complete, filter the coated diamond powder, wash it three times with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then dry it in an 80°C oven for later use.

[0043] Step S2: Preparation of high-entropy alloy matrix powder Spherical CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is prepared by rotating plasma electrode atomization or vacuum melting gas atomization, which includes the following sub-steps: Step S21: Weigh the elemental metal raw materials with a purity ≥ 99.9% according to the atomic ratio Co:Cr:Fe:Ni = 1:1:1:1, mix them evenly, and press them into electrode rods with a diameter of 20mm to 50mm. Step S22: Prepare powder using rotating plasma electrode atomization: Load the electrode rod into the rotating plasma electrode atomization device, and under argon protection, adjust the plasma arc power to 30kW~50kW, the electrode rotation speed to 15000r / min~25000r / min, and the atomization pressure to 0.5MPa~0.8MPa, and collect the atomized alloy powder. Step S23, or prepare powder using vacuum melting gas atomization method: The mixed raw materials are loaded into a vacuum induction melting furnace, and the process is carried out at a vacuum degree ≤ 5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Under Pa conditions, the temperature is raised to 1500℃~1600℃ and melted until the composition is completely homogeneous. Then, under argon protection, the alloy powder is atomized at a pressure of 3MPa~5MPa and collected. Step S24: Pass the collected alloy powder through a 100-300 mesh standard sieve to obtain spherical high-entropy alloy powder with a particle size of 15μm-53μm.

[0044] Step S3: Preparation of composite cladding powder Step S31: Weigh out coated diamond powder at a volume fraction of 1% to 5% and CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy powder at a volume fraction of 95% to 99%, and place them into a planetary ball mill. Step S32: Add anhydrous ethanol as a process control agent, with a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1 to 8:1, and mix for 2 to 4 hours at a speed of 200 to 300 r / min to ensure that the reinforcing phase is uniformly dispersed in the matrix powder. Step S33: Filter the mixed powder and place it in a 60℃ oven for vacuum drying to obtain a CoCrFeNi-based coated diamond composite cladding powder with good flowability.

[0045] Step S4: Preparation of integrated laser cladding coating It includes the following sub-steps: Step S41: Cut the substrate to be clad into the required size, and polish the surface with 80# to 800# sandpaper in sequence to remove oxide scale and rust. Then, ultrasonically clean it with acetone, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 10 minutes each, and blow it dry with a nitrogen gun for later use. Step S42: Use a synchronous powder feeding laser cladding equipment to perform cladding under the full protection of argon gas. The process parameters are: laser power 800W~1500W, scanning speed 5mm / s~15mm / s, powder feeding amount 5g / min~15g / min, overlap rate 30%~40%, defocusing amount +5mm~+10mm, protective gas flow rate 15L / min~20L / min. Step S43: After the cladding is completed, allow it to cool naturally to room temperature, or perform low-temperature stress-relief annealing at 200℃~300℃ for 2 hours to obtain a dense, non-porous, crack-free, and metallurgically well-bonded integrated protective coating.

[0046] The following are specific embodiments. Example 1 (1) Laser cladding alloy powder The laser cladding alloy material provided in this embodiment, by volume percentage, consists of the following components: 1% coated diamond powder and 99% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. Further, the diamond powder in the coated diamond powder has a particle size of 5 μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer is 1 μm. The CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder has a particle size of 15 μm.

[0047] (2) Laser cladding The surface of the 0Cr13Ni4Mo alloy substrate was polished sequentially using 180#, 220#, 400#, and 800# metallographic sandpaper to remove the surface oxide layer. The polished surface was then cleaned with ethanol, and the ethanol on the substrate surface was dried. The cladding alloy powder from step (1) was placed in a drying oven and dried at 100°C for 1 hour to remove moisture from the powder.

[0048] The dried cladding alloy powder was fed onto the surface of a 0Cr13Ni4Mo alloy substrate using a coaxial powder feeding method at a rate of 10.61 g / min. Laser cladding was then performed using an RFL-C8000S continuous fiber laser with the following operating parameters: wavelength range 1080 nm ± 10 nm, output fiber core diameter 50 μm, continuous or modulated operating mode, output power stability less than ±1.5% (2 h), laser power P 1300 W, spot diameter D 3.7 mm, and scanning speed V 10 mm / s. The laser cladding was performed under an argon atmosphere, with argon as the protective gas at a flow rate of 15 L / min. After laser cladding, a metal additive with a cladding layer formed on the surface was obtained.

[0049] Example 2 The preparation method of Example 2 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the composition of this example is: 3% coated diamond powder and 97% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. Further, the diamond powder in the coated diamond powder has a particle size of 10 μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer is 2 μm. The CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder has a particle size of 30 μm.

[0050] Example 3 The preparation method of Example 3 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the composition of this example is: 5% coated diamond powder and 95% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. Further, the diamond powder in the coated diamond powder has a particle size of 20 μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer is 3 μm. The CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder has a particle size of 53 μm.

[0051] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the composition of this comparative example is 100% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. The particle size of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15 μm.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as that of Example 3, except that the composition of this comparative example is: 7% coated diamond powder and 93% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder. Furthermore, the particle size of the diamond powder in the coated diamond powder is 20 μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer is 3 μm. The particle size of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 53 μm.

[0053] It should be noted that the laser cladding parameters, powder preparation parameters, etc. in the above embodiments can be selected by those skilled in the art based on experience, and this application embodiment will not make any special explanation in this regard.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the diamond-high entropy alloy composite powder prepared in Example 2 of this application; as shown Figure 2 As shown, the particle size range of the composite powder is 8μm-12μm, indicating that the composite powder can be prepared and the particle size distribution of the prepared composite powder is relatively uniform. It can be seen that the coated diamond reinforcement phase is uniformly dispersed in the high-entropy alloy matrix, which is suitable for subsequent laser cladding.

[0055] SEM tests were performed on the cladding layers of the metal additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 after wear. The test results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 Figures (a1) to (a5) correspond to Comparative Example 1, Examples 1-3, and Comparative Example 2, respectively; from Figure 3 The corresponding wear mark widths can be seen in the figures. The wear mark width of Comparative Example 2 is the largest, and it is the least wear-resistant. The wear mark widths of Examples 1-3 are relatively small, indicating that the coatings prepared by the schemes provided in the embodiments of this application have better wear resistance.

[0056] The hardness and wear rate of the cladding layers of the metal additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were tested, and the test results are as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown; Figure 4 As shown, the introduction of coated diamond reinforcing phase significantly improves the hardness of the composite coating; as Figure 5 As shown, the introduction of coated diamond reinforcing phase significantly reduces the wear rate of composite coating. The metal coating of coated diamond effectively improves the interfacial wettability and bonding strength between diamond and metal substrate, and significantly enhances the overall load-bearing capacity of the coating.

[0057] comprehensive Figures 3-5 The test results show that a composite coating with the best performance can be obtained by combining 1% to 5% by volume of coated diamond powder and 95% to 99% by volume of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder.

[0058] In summary, compared to traditional single alloy coatings and layered gradient protective coatings, the advantages of this composite high-entropy alloy integrated coating under dual conditions of abrasive wear and fluid cavitation are as follows: Firstly, without the need for complex multi-layer structure design and multi-pass cladding process, high hardness and high toughness can be integrated in a single coating, fundamentally solving the inherent contradiction between wear resistance and cavitation resistance in traditional coating systems. Secondly, the coated diamond reinforcement phase is uniformly dispersed in the high-entropy alloy matrix, and the metal coating layer effectively improves the interfacial wettability and bonding strength between diamond and metal matrix, avoids secondary abrasive wear caused by the shedding of the reinforcement phase, and significantly improves the overall load-bearing capacity of the coating. Thirdly, the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy matrix itself has excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and can maintain a stable microstructure and mechanical properties under the synergistic effect of corrosive media and mechanical loads, which greatly extends the service life of the coating under complex and harsh working conditions.

[0059] To address the dual challenges of abrasive wear and fluid cavitation erosion affecting components such as turbine flow passages, hydraulic valve bodies, and ship propellers, this application designs a multi-principal-element high-entropy alloy cladding powder system. High-hardness, high-toughness refractory metals and corrosion-resistant metal components (CoCrFeNi system with added coated diamond powder) are selected, and spherical high-entropy alloy powders are prepared via gas atomization. During laser cladding, medium-low power and a moderate scanning speed are used to prepare a dense, crack-free coating on the substrate surface. The lattice distortion and slow diffusion effect of the high-entropy alloy enhance hardness to resist wear. Simultaneously, by controlling the phase composition and residual stress distribution, the coating toughness and interfacial bonding strength are improved, suppressing spalling and fatigue failure during cavitation erosion. This achieves an integrated match between wear resistance and cavitation erosion resistance, meeting the dual-condition service requirements without the need for layered preparation.

[0060] It should be understood that expressions such as “comprising” and “may include” used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as “comprising” and / or “having” are to be interpreted as indicating a particular characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but not to exclude the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0061] Furthermore, in this application, the expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the components can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the components can slide relative to each other after connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Furthermore, the mathematical concepts mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity, are limitations specific to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A laser cladding alloy material, characterized in that, The laser cladding alloy material comprises, by volume percentage, the following components: 1% to 5% coated diamond powder and 95% to 99% CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder.

2. The laser cladding alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coated diamond powder comprises diamond powder and a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is coated on the surface of the diamond powder; the particle size of the diamond powder ranges from 5μm to 20μm, and the coating thickness of the metal layer ranges from 1μm to 3μm.

3. The laser cladding alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size range of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15μm to 53μm.

4. A method for preparing a laser cladding alloy material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A mixed solution was obtained by mixing 1% to 5% by volume of coated diamond powder, 95% to 99% by volume of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder, and anhydrous ethanol. The mixed solution is ball-milled and then dried to obtain a laser-clad alloy material.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ball-to-material ratio of the ball mill ranges from 5:1 to 8:1, the rotation speed ranges from 200 r / min to 300 r / min, and the ball milling time ranges from 2 h to 4 h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coated diamond powder is prepared by the following steps: Diamond powder with a particle size range of 5μm to 20μm is available; Obtain a chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution with the following composition: nickel sulfate 20 g / L to 30 g / L, sodium hypophosphite 15 g / L to 25 g / L, sodium citrate 10 g / L to 15 g / L, and sodium acetate 5 g / L to 10 g / L. The diamond powder was added to a chemical nickel-phosphorus plating solution, stirred and reacted under water bath conditions, and the plating thickness was controlled to be 1 μm to 3 μm. After that, it was filtered and dried to obtain coated diamond powder.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder was prepared through the following steps: Spherical CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder with a particle size range of 15μm to 53μm was prepared by rotating plasma electrode atomization or vacuum melting gas atomization.

8. The application of the laser cladding alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in laser cladding.

9. A laser cladding method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The laser cladding alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is placed on the surface of a substrate; The laser cladding alloy material is laser-fused to a substrate to form a cladding layer on the surface of the substrate.

10. The laser cladding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The laser fusion process parameters satisfy at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) The power of the laser is 800W to 1500W; (2) The laser spot diameter is 2mm to 4mm; (3) The laser scanning speed is 5 mm / s to 15 mm / s.

Images