A brake disc cleaning and cladding device and a processing technology thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment and a processing technology thereof. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment comprises a brake disc cleaning assembly and a brake disc cladding assembly. The brake disc cleaning assembly comprises a first feeding structure and a brake disc cleaning structure. The brake disc cleaning structure comprises a first rack, a fixing seat which is rotatably arranged on the first rack, a turnover module for overturning the brake disc, a laser cleaning head for cleaning the brake disc, and a first moving module for driving the laser cleaning head to move. The brake disc cladding assembly comprises a second feeding structure for feeding and overturning the brake disc and a brake disc cladding structure for cladding the brake disc. The brake disc cladding structure comprises a second rack, a cladding turntable which is rotatably arranged on the second rack, a rotating seat which is rotatably arranged on the cladding turntable, a laser cladding head, a powder feeder, and a second moving module. A locking module for locking the brake disc is arranged on the second rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of brake disc processing technology, specifically to a brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment and its processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Brake discs are the core component of a car's braking system, and their performance is directly related to the vehicle's braking safety and driving stability. During the vehicle's service life, brake discs are subjected to harsh conditions of high temperature, heavy load, and high friction for a long time. The disc surface is prone to failure modes such as wear, oxidation and corrosion, and thermal fatigue cracks. When the surface of the brake disc becomes thin or damaged, the traditional practice is to directly replace it with a new disc, which causes a great waste of resources in today's world where the number of cars on the road continues to grow.

[0003] With the development of laser processing technology, laser cleaning and laser cladding technologies have provided new technical paths for the surface treatment and remanufacturing of brake discs. Laser cleaning technology uses a high-energy laser beam to irradiate the surface of the workpiece, causing dirt, rust spots or coatings to evaporate or peel off instantly, thereby achieving efficient cleaning. The surface of the brake disc after laser cleaning is bright and smooth.

[0004] Laser cladding technology is an advanced surface modification technology. It uses laser irradiation to melt and solidify the coating material and the substrate surface simultaneously, forming a surface coating that is metallurgically bonded to the substrate. This technology can repair brake discs that have become thin due to wear to their original thickness and put them back into use, or it can strengthen the surface of new brake discs to extend their service life.

[0005] However, the current equipment system used for laser cladding of brake discs has significant functional shortcomings, specifically the separation of the cleaning and cladding processes, and a high degree of reliance on manual intervention.

[0006] Currently, most brake disc laser cladding equipment on the market is a single processing machine. In actual production, before the brake disc enters the cladding station, it must be pre-treated by an external independent cleaning process. After cleaning, the brake disc is manually transported to the clamping station of the cladding equipment for positioning and clamping. This separation of the cleaning process and the cladding process in time and space makes it impossible to achieve continuous flow in the entire processing line, which seriously restricts the overall production efficiency of brake disc cladding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment and its processing technology.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A brake disc cleaning and cladding device includes a conveyor line for conveying brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning component and a brake disc cladding component are arranged along the conveying direction of the brake discs. A brake disc cleaning assembly includes a first loading structure for loading and unloading brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning structure. The brake disc cleaning structure includes a first frame, a fixed base that is rotatably mounted on the first frame, a flipping module for flipping the brake disc, a laser cleaning head for cleaning the brake disc, and a first moving module for driving the laser cleaning head to move. The brake disc cladding assembly includes a second feeding structure for loading, unloading, and flipping the brake disc, and a brake disc cladding structure for cladding the brake disc. The brake disc cladding structure includes a second frame, a cladding turntable rotatably mounted on the second frame, a rotating seat rotatably mounted on the cladding turntable, a laser cladding head for cladding the brake disc, a powder feeder for feeding powder raw materials to the laser cladding head, and a second moving module for driving the laser cladding head to move. A locking module for locking the brake disc is provided on the second frame.

[0009] Preferably, the locking module includes a clamping cover for clamping the brake disc, and a movable rotating module for driving the clamping cover to rotate and move. A liftable tensioning block is provided on the rotating base, and a lifting rod for driving the clamping cover to move up and down is provided inside the rotating base. A tensioning unit for driving the lifting rod is provided on the cladding turntable. A plurality of clamping protrusions are spaced circumferentially on the tensioning block, and a locking groove is formed on the clamping cover for the clamping protrusions to pass through. After the tensioning block passes through the clamping cover, the movable rotating module drives the clamping cover to rotate, so that the locking groove and the clamping protrusions are staggered. The tensioning block pulls the clamping cover downwards to fix the brake disc on the rotating base. Through the above improvements… The rotating module drives the clamping cover to rotate, causing the locking groove and the clamping protrusion to intersect in the circumferential direction. In conjunction with the tensioning block pulling the clamping cover downward, a double limit is formed in the axial and circumferential directions. This ensures that the brake disc is always firmly pressed onto the rotating seat during the high-speed rotation of the cladding turntable, preventing relative slippage or loosening. This guarantees the positional accuracy between the laser cladding head and the cladding surface of the brake disc, ensuring the consistency and repeatability of the cladding layer thickness and trajectory. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for manual tightening of fixtures or adjustment of pressure plates, significantly reducing the clamping time per setup and effectively eliminating the production cycle bottleneck caused by traditional manual locking methods.

[0010] Preferably, the second frame is equipped with a partition plate, dividing it into a feeding area and a cladding area. A powder recovery frame is located within the cladding area, encircling the cladding turntable. A powder recovery trough is located at the bottom of the frame, with a powder blowing hole at one end and a powder suction hole at the other. The cladding turntable rotates to position the rotating seat within either the feeding or cladding area. This improvement allows for the loading and unloading of the brake disc in the feeding area, while the cladding area performs enclosed laser cladding operations, significantly enhancing equipment safety and the cleanliness of the operating environment. The powder recovery frame, located on the outer periphery of the cladding turntable, can promptly intercept and collect the powder materials scattered during the cladding process, preventing dust from spreading and polluting surrounding equipment and the working environment. The powder recovery tank has a blowing hole at one end and a suction hole at the other end, forming a directional airflow that can efficiently blow the powder settled in the tank to the suction port for centralized recovery. This reduces the waste of powder materials and avoids dust accumulation affecting the operating accuracy of the equipment. The cladding turntable can drive the rotating seat to rotate and switch between the feeding area and the cladding area, realizing automatic flow of feeding and cladding. This allows feeding and cladding operations to be carried out in parallel, effectively shortening the working time and improving the overall production cycle.

[0011] Preferably, a first sealing plate is provided on the powder recovery frame, and the first sealing plate abuts against the cladding turntable. A second sealing plate is provided at the bottom of the cladding turntable, and the second sealing plate abuts against the second frame. Through the above improvements, the first sealing plate can effectively prevent the powder flying during the cladding process from leaking outward from the gap between the powder recovery frame and the cladding turntable, ensuring that the flying powder is confined within the recovery frame and guided to the powder recovery tank, thereby improving the powder recovery rate. The second sealing plate increases the sealing between the cladding turntable and the second frame, preventing the powder from escaping from the cladding area into the feeding area, and further improving the isolation effect of the partition plate.

[0012] Preferably, the second frame is also equipped with a powder collection tube for inserting the laser cladding head, and the powder collection tube is equipped with a powder collection plate. The powder collection plate is equipped with an inclined powder return channel. The output end of the powder return channel is placed in the powder recovery frame. With the above improvements, when the cladding process of a brake disc is completed and the product needs to be switched, the laser cladding head will usually continue to spray powder according to the set program. The laser cladding head can be temporarily inserted into the powder collection tube. At this time, the powder sprayed by the laser cladding head directly enters the powder collection tube, and the powder can be guided to the external recovery container through the external negative pressure device connected to the end of the powder collection tube. This effectively solves the problem of powder waste during product switching intervals and further improves powder utilization. When the laser cladding head moves over the powder collection plate and sprays powder, the scattered powder will fall directly onto the powder collection plate and slide down into the powder recovery frame under gravity along the inclined powder return channel, further reducing powder scattering.

[0013] Preferably, the cladding turntable is provided with a powder-falling slope, the partition plate is provided with an air knife facing the powder-falling slope, and the partition plate is provided with a powder-suction pipe located on the rotating seat. Through the above improvements, during the laser cladding process, the powder on the powder-falling slope is subjected to forced peeling and pushing action by the airflow of the air knife, accelerating its slide into the powder recovery frame, effectively avoiding the adhesion and accumulation of powder on the powder-falling slope or the edge of the cladding turntable. Furthermore, the powder-suction pipe actively sucks in suspended and splashed powder directly before diffusion using negative pressure, greatly improving the overall recovery rate.

[0014] Preferably, the flipping module includes sliding seats slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat, a rotating unit disposed on the sliding seats, a clamping block disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit, and a sliding module for driving the rotating unit to move. The clamping block abuts against the brake disc from both sides and drives the brake disc to flip. With the above improvements, the clamping block abuts against the brake disc from both sides and clamps it under the drive of the sliding module. The rotating unit drives the clamping block and the brake disc to flip. The entire process can be completed without manual operation, providing an automated basis for double-sided cleaning. Compared with the traditional manual flipping method, it greatly reduces labor intensity, shortens working time, and improves the cleaning cycle.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding seat is provided with a centering structure, which includes a centering plate disposed on the sliding seat and a plurality of centering rods inserted on the centering plate. The sliding seat moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods abut against the outer circumference of the brake disc at intervals. Through the above improvement, before the brake disc is cleaned, the sliding seat moves toward the brake disc so that each centering rod abuts against the outer circumference of the brake disc at intervals, thereby achieving automatic centering. This ensures that the brake disc and the laser cleaning head maintain precise coaxiality, avoids unstable clamping or displacement of the cleaning area during flipping due to eccentricity, improves the uniformity and consistency of double-sided cleaning, and ensures cleaning quality and yield.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing base includes a mounting plate that can be raised and lowered on the first frame, a rotating module mounted on the mounting plate, and a fixing disk mounted on the rotating end of the rotating module. The fixing disk is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic adsorption units for adsorbing the brake disc. Through the above improvements, the electromagnetic adsorption units generate magnetic force after being energized, which evenly adsorbs the brake disc onto the end face of the fixing disk. There is no need for mechanical clamps or pliers, eliminating the risk of indentation or scratches on the surface of the brake disc that may be caused by traditional clamping methods. The mounting plate can be raised and lowered on the first frame. During the centering stage, it is in a low position so that the centering rod can abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc to complete the centering. After one side is cleaned, the mounting plate rises and lifts the brake disc to the flip position, so that the brake disc is freed from the constraint range of the centering rod, providing clearance for subsequent flipping actions.

[0017] A brake disc manufacturing process includes the following steps: S1. Brake disc loading: The loading end of the conveyor line is equipped with a loading rack. The brake disc is placed on the loading rack by manual labor or AGV equipment. A loading recognition camera is set above the loading rack. The loading recognition camera takes a picture of the brake disc on the loading rack and sends a position signal to the first loading structure. S2, Laser Cleaning, Loading and Centering: The first loading structure transfers the brake disc from the loading rack to the fixed seat. The flipping module includes a sliding seat slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat, a rotating unit disposed on the sliding seat, a clamping block disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit, and a sliding module that drives the rotating unit to move. A centering structure is disposed on the sliding seat. The centering structure includes a centering plate disposed on the sliding seat and several centering rods inserted on the centering plate. The sliding seat moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc at intervals and center the brake disc. After centering is completed, the fixed seat adsorbs and fixes the brake disc. S3, Brake disc cleaning: The first moving module drives the laser cleaning head to move, while the fixed base drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head cleans the upper surface of the brake disc. S4. Brake disc flipping and cleaning: The fixed seat drives the brake disc to rise, the clamping blocks abut against the brake disc from both sides, the fixed seat descends and moves away from the brake disc, the rotating unit drives the clamping blocks to rotate, causing the brake disc to flip, the fixed seat rises and moves to the bottom of the brake disc after flipping, the centering structure centers the brake disc after flipping, after centering, the fixed seat adsorbs and fixes the brake disc, the first moving module drives the laser cleaning head to move, the fixed seat drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head cleans the lower surface of the brake disc; S5. Geometric tolerance inspection: A geometric tolerance inspection device is installed on the side of the conveyor line. The first feeding structure transfers the brake disc from the feeding rack to the geometric tolerance inspection device. The geometric tolerance inspection device performs geometric tolerance inspection on the brake disc after cleaning. S6. Brake disc heating: The brake disc that has completed the form and position tolerance inspection is placed on the conveyor line. The conveyor line is equipped with a preheating structure. The preheating structure preheats the brake disc during the conveying process. The preheated brake disc moves to the loading area under the action of the conveyor line. S7. Brake disc cladding and loading fixation: The second loading structure places the brake disc on the rotating seat. The brake disc cladding structure also includes a locking module for locking the brake disc. The locking module includes a pressing cover for pressing the brake disc and a moving rotating module for driving the pressing cover to rotate and move. The rotating seat is provided with a liftable tension block. Several pressing protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumference on the tension block. The pressing cover is provided with a locking groove for the pressing protrusions to pass through. The moving rotating module drives the pressing cover to move to directly above the brake disc and lowers it so that the pressing cover passes through the tension block and presses against the upper end face of the brake disc. After the moving rotating module drives the pressing cover to rotate a certain angle, the tension block retracts downward and applies a downward tensioning force to the pressing cover, so that the brake disc is clamped and fixed between the pressing cover and the rotating seat. S8, Brake Disc First Surface Coating: The second frame is equipped with a feeding area and a coating area. The coating turntable rotates, moving the rotating seat from the feeding area to the coating position within the coating area. Simultaneously, the rotating seat within the coating area moves to the feeding area and clamps the brake disc. The second moving module moves the laser coating head above the brake disc within the coating area. The rotating seat drives the brake disc to rotate and performs laser coating on the first surface of the brake disc until the first surface coating is completed. The second moving module then moves the laser coating head away from the brake disc. S9. Brake disc flipping: The cladding turntable rotates, turning the brake disc with the first cladding side completed from the cladding area back to the loading position in the loading area. At the same time, the brake disc in the loading area enters the cladding area for the first cladding side. In the loading area, the tensioning block is controlled to lift upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover to loosen the pressure on the brake disc. The second loading structure drives the brake disc to rise, so that the brake disc is completely separated from the rotating seat and drives the brake disc to flip 180°, so that the second side of the brake disc that is not clad faces upward, completing the flipping action. The second loading structure puts the flipped brake disc back into the center position of the rotating seat, and the locking module re-executes the locking action on the brake disc, fixing the flipped brake disc back onto the rotating seat. S10, Second side cladding of brake disc: The cladding turntable rotates again, rotating the rotating seat from the loading area to the cladding position in the cladding area. At the same time, the rotating seat in the cladding area returns to the loading area, and the brake disc is flipped. In the cladding area, the laser cladding head moves above the brake disc, the rotating seat drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cladding head performs laser cladding processing on the second side of the brake disc until the second side cladding is completed. S11. Finishing the cladding and unloading: The cladding turntable rotates, turning the brake disc with both sides cladding back from the cladding area to the loading position in the loading area. At the same time, the brake disc that has been flipped in the loading area enters the cladding area for the second cladding. In the loading area, the tension block is controlled to lift upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover. The rotating module drives the pressure cover to rotate and move upward through the tension block, moving it away from the brake disc to release the pressure on the brake disc. The second loading structure removes the brake disc with both sides cladding from the rotating seat and unloads the brake disc. S12, Brake disc weighing: A weighing and detection device is provided on the side of the brake disc cladding assembly. The second feeding structure places the brake disc with both sides clad onto the weighing and detection device for weighing. After weighing, the second feeding structure places the brake disc onto the conveyor line for continued conveying. S13, Brake disc cooling: A cooling structure is installed on the conveyor line, and a cooling channel is provided on the cooling structure. The brake disc passes through the cooling channel for cooling under the action of the conveyor line. S14. Appearance inspection: A cladding appearance inspection structure is set on the side of the conveyor line. The cladding appearance inspection structure includes a gripping robot and an inspection module for inspecting the appearance. The gripping robot places the brake disc after cooling onto the inspection module for appearance inspection to determine the cladding quality of the brake disc. S15. Brake disc unloading inspection: The side of the unloading area of ​​the conveyor line is equipped with shape and position and natural frequency detection equipment, eddy current flaw detection equipment, overall appearance inspection equipment, and unloading robot. The unloading robot will perform shape and position and natural frequency detection, flaw detection and overall appearance inspection on the brake disc in sequence. After the inspection is completed, the unloading robot will put the brake disc back on the conveyor line. S16. Defective brake disc coding: The conveyor line is equipped with a defective product coding structure. The defective product coding structure codes the products that fail the inspection. After coding is completed, the conveyor line continues to move the brake disc in the unloading direction. S17. Brake disc unloading: The output end of the conveyor line is equipped with a qualified product unloading frame and an unqualified product unloading frame. The unloading robot puts the qualified and unqualified brake discs into the qualified product unloading frame and the unqualified product unloading frame, respectively.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention integrates the brake disc cleaning component and the brake disc cladding component into the same equipment along the conveyor line. With the help of the first and second feeding structures, automatic loading and unloading is achieved. The brake discs are automatically transferred to the cleaning station and the cladding station by the conveyor line in sequence, without the need for manual transfer. After cleaning, they can directly enter the cladding process, eliminating the waiting time and material handling links between processes. This effectively avoids secondary contamination of the cleaned disc surface during the transfer process and significantly improves production efficiency and product quality consistency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the overall processing technology of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the brake disc cleaning structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cleaning head and the first moving module of the present invention in cooperation; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flip module of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fixed seat lifting method of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the electromagnetic adsorption unit of the present invention in conjunction with the fixed disk; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating module of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the brake disc cladding assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second frame and the cladding turntable of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cladding head and the second moving module of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cladding head of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving and rotating module of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the cladding turntable of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary seat of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning block of the present invention; Figure 19 This is an exploded view of the fitting of the clamping cap and the dust cover of the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the cladding turntable of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder recycling frame and the powder collection pipe of the present invention. Figure 22This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder collection tube and the powder collection plate of the present invention. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cladding turntable and the powder recovery frame of the present invention. Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the powder recycling frame of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Conveyor line; 2. Brake disc cleaning assembly; 3. Brake disc cladding assembly; 101. First feeding structure; 102. Brake disc cleaning structure; 103. First frame; 104. Fixed base; 105. Tilting module; 106. Laser cleaning head; 107. First moving module; 108. Second feeding structure; 109. Brake disc cladding structure; 110. Second frame; 111. Cladding turntable; 112. Rotary base; 113. Laser cladding head; 114. Powder feeder; 115. Second moving module; 116. Drive wheel; 117. Drive motor; 118. Synchronous belt; 119. Laser cladding hole; 120. Powder spraying hole; 201. Locking module; 202. Pressing cover; 203. 1. Moving and rotating module; 204. Tensioning block; 205. Lifting rod; 206. Tensioning unit; 207. Pressing protrusion; 208. Locking groove; 301. Divider plate; 302. Feeding area; 303. Cladding area; 304. Powder recovery frame; 305. Powder recovery tank; 306. Powder blowing hole; 307. Powder suction hole; 308. First sealing plate; 309. Second sealing plate; 401. Powder collection pipe; 402. Powder collection plate; 403. Powder return channel; 404. Powder falling slope; 405. Air knife; 406. Powder suction pipe; 501. Sliding seat; 502. Rotating unit; 503. Clamping block; 504. Sliding module; 505. Mounting plate; 506. Rotating module; 507. Fixed plate; 508. Electromagnetic adsorption unit; 509. Fixing groove; 510. Waste gas recovery pipe; 511. Distance sensor; 512. Centering structure; 513. Centering plate; 514. Centering rod; 515. Lifting cylinder; 601. Loading rack; 602. Loading recognition camera; 603. Geometric tolerance testing equipment; 604. Preheating structure; 605. Weighing and testing equipment; 606. Cooling structure; 607. Cladding appearance inspection structure; 608. Gripping robot; 609. Testing module; 701. Geometric position and natural frequency testing equipment; 702. Eddy current flaw detection equipment; 703. Appearance inspection equipment; 704. Unloading robot; 705. Defective product coding structure; 706. Qualified product unloading frame; 707 801. Non-conforming product unloading frame; 802. Transfer gripper; 803. Cleaning six-axis robot; 804. Clamping module; 805. Cladding six-axis robot; 806. Mounting bracket; 807. Lifting and traversing module; 808. Horizontal traversing module; 809. Angle yaw motor; 810. X-axis traversing unit; 811. Traversing bracket; 812. Z-axis traversing unit; 813. Y-axis traversing unit; 901. Gripper cylinder; 902. Rotary cylinder; 903. Lifting and moving module; 904. Horizontal moving module; 905. Dust cover; 906. Transparent observation plate; 907. Vision inspection module; 908. Guide slope; 911. First sealing ring; 912. Second sealing ring; 913. Powder collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms upper, middle, lower, top, one end, etc., appear in this document to describe various elements, these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the elements from each other for ease of understanding, and are not used to define any directional or sequential restrictions.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, a brake disc cleaning and cladding device includes a conveyor line 1 for conveying brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning component 2 and a brake disc cladding component 3 are arranged along the conveying direction of the brake discs.

[0023] Specifically, the brake disc cleaning assembly 2 includes a first loading structure 101 for loading and unloading brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning structure 102. The brake disc cleaning structure 102 includes a first frame 103, a fixed base 104 rotatably mounted on the first frame 103, a flipping module 105 for flipping the brake disc, a laser cleaning head 106 for cleaning the brake disc, and a first moving module 107 for driving the laser cleaning head 106. The first moving module 107 includes an X-axis transverse unit 809 mounted on the first frame 103, a transverse support 810 mounted on the moving end of the X-axis transverse unit 809, a Z-axis transverse unit 811 mounted on the transverse support 810, and a... A Y-axis transverse unit 812 is placed on the moving end of the Z-axis transverse unit 811, and a laser cleaning head 106 is set on the moving end of the Y-axis transverse unit 812. The first loading structure 101 includes a transfer gripper 801 and a six-axis cleaning robot 802 that drives the transfer gripper 801 to move. The transfer gripper 801 is inserted into the brake disc and expanded so that the gripper arm of the transfer gripper 801 abuts against the inner wall of the brake disc to realize the transfer of the brake disc. During the brake disc cleaning process, after cleaning one side, the brake disc can be flipped by the flipping module 105 so that the laser cleaning head can automatically clean both sides of the brake disc without manual flipping, which greatly improves the cleaning efficiency.

[0024] Furthermore, the brake disc cladding assembly 3 includes a second loading structure 108 for loading, unloading, and flipping the brake disc, and a brake disc cladding structure 109 for cladding the brake disc. The second loading structure 108 includes a clamping module 803 for holding the brake disc, and a cladding six-axis robot 804 for moving the clamping module 803. The cladding six-axis robot 804 can move and rotate the clamping module 803 to achieve the transfer and flipping of the brake disc. The clamping module 803 includes a clamping bracket and a rotating device. The clamping bracket has a drive screw, a clamping motor that drives the drive screw to rotate, and clamping plates set on the drive screw. The drive screw has a first thread segment and a second thread segment with opposite threads. The clamping plates are respectively set on the first thread segment and the second thread segment. The clamping motor drives the drive screw to rotate, so that the clamping plates move closer to each other or further away from the brake disc, realizing the clamping and flipping of the brake disc, so as to perform front and back cladding on the brake disc. There is no need to manually flip it during the cladding process, which greatly improves the cladding efficiency.

[0025] The cladding structure includes a second frame 110, a cladding turntable 111 rotatably mounted on the second frame 110, a rotating seat 112 rotatably mounted on the cladding turntable 111, a laser cladding head 113 for cladding a brake disc, a powder feeder 114 for feeding powder raw materials to the laser cladding head 113, and a second moving module 115 for driving the laser cladding head 113. The output end of the laser cladding head 113 is provided with a laser cladding hole 119 and a powder spraying hole 120. A drive wheel 116 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating seat 112. A drive motor 117 is provided on the cladding turntable 111. The drive motor 117 drives the drive wheel 116 to rotate via a synchronous belt 118, thereby causing the rotating seat 112 to rotate. The second moving module 115 includes a mounting bracket 805 for mounting the laser cladding head 113, a lifting and traversing module 806 for driving the mounting bracket 805 to move up and down, and a horizontal traversing module 807 for driving the lifting and traversing module 806 to move horizontally. The mounting bracket 805 is equipped with an angle sway motor 808 for driving the mounting bracket 805 to sway left and right. The angle sway motor 808 drives the mounting bracket 805 to sway left and right, so that the laser cladding head 113 can adjust the incident angle according to the actual contour of the brake disc surface. This effectively meets the variable angle cladding requirements of different working surfaces of the brake disc, ensures that the laser beam always acts on the brake disc at the optimal angle, and further improves the uniformity of the cladding layer thickness and the bonding quality.

[0026] In addition, the second frame 110 is equipped with a locking module 201 for locking the brake disc. The locking module 201 can quickly lock the brake disc, which greatly improves the locking efficiency compared to manual locking.

[0027] This invention integrates the brake disc cleaning component 2 and the brake disc cladding component 3 along the conveyor line 1 into the same device, and with the help of the first feeding structure 101 and the second feeding structure 108, it realizes automatic loading and unloading. The brake discs are automatically transferred to the cleaning station and the cladding station by the conveyor line 1 in sequence without manual transfer. After cleaning, they can directly enter the cladding process, eliminating the waiting time and material handling links between processes, effectively avoiding secondary contamination of the cleaned disc surface during the transfer process, and significantly improving production efficiency and product quality consistency.

[0028] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, as a further explanation of the embodiment of the brake disc cleaning assembly 2, the flipping module 105 includes a sliding seat 501 slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat 104, a rotating unit 502 disposed on the sliding seat 501, a clamping block 503 disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit 502, and a sliding module 504 that drives the rotating unit 502 to move.

[0029] When the brake disc needs to be flipped, the fixed seat 104 drives the brake disc to rise, and the clamping blocks 503 abut against the brake disc from both sides. Under the drive of the sliding module 504, they are clamped. The rotating unit 502 drives the clamping blocks 503 and the brake disc to flip. The entire process can be completed without manual operation, providing an automated basis for double-sided cleaning. Compared with the traditional manual flipping method, it greatly reduces labor intensity, shortens working time, and improves the cleaning cycle.

[0030] Specifically, the sliding seat 501 is provided with a centering structure 512, which includes a centering plate 513 on the sliding seat 501 and a number of centering rods 514 inserted on the centering plate 513. The sliding seat 501 moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods 514 abut against the outer circumference of the brake disc at intervals. Before cleaning the brake disc, the sliding seat 501 moves toward the brake disc so that each centering rod 514 abuts against the outer circumference of the brake disc at intervals, thereby achieving automatic centering. This ensures that the brake disc and the laser cleaning head 106 maintain precise coaxiality, avoids unstable clamping or displacement of the cleaning area during flipping due to eccentricity, improves the uniformity and consistency of double-sided cleaning, and ensures cleaning quality and yield.

[0031] Furthermore, the mounting base 104 includes a mounting plate 505 that is vertically and flexibly mounted on the first frame 103, a rotating module 506 mounted on the mounting plate 505, and a fixed disk 507 mounted on the rotating end of the rotating module 506. The fixed disk 507 is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic adsorption units 508 for adsorbing the brake disc. When the electromagnetic adsorption units 508 are energized, they generate magnetic force to evenly adsorb the brake disc onto the end face of the fixed disk 507. This eliminates the need for mechanical grippers or clamps, thus eliminating the risk of indentations or scratches on the surface of the brake disc that may be caused by traditional clamping methods. The mounting plate 505 is vertically and flexibly mounted on the first frame 103. During the centering stage, it is in a low position so that the centering rod 514 can abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc to complete the centering. After one side is cleaned, the mounting plate 505 rises, lifting the brake disc to the flip position, so that the brake disc is freed from the constraint range of the centering rod 514, providing clearance for subsequent flipping actions.

[0032] The first frame 103 is equipped with a lifting cylinder 515 for driving the mounting plate 505 to move up and down.

[0033] Preferably, the clamping block 503 has a fixing groove 509, which is V-shaped, so as to be compatible with brake discs of different sizes and meet the production needs of brake discs of multiple sizes.

[0034] Preferably, the first frame 103 is equipped with an exhaust gas recovery pipe 510, which is oriented towards the brake disc. This allows for the timely removal of vaporized pollutants and dust particles during the laser cleaning process, preventing smoke accumulation from affecting the laser beam transmission efficiency and cleaning effect. It also prevents pollutants from spreading to the workshop environment, ensuring the occupational health and safety of operators.

[0035] Preferably, a distance sensor 511 is also provided on the moving end of the Y-axis transverse unit 812. The distance sensor 511 is set towards the brake disc, so that the laser cleaning head 106 maintains a constant working distance from the surface of the brake disc, ensuring the consistency of laser energy density, thereby obtaining a uniform and stable cleaning effect, significantly improving the repeatability and reliability of cleaning quality, and avoiding the problems of damaging the substrate due to too close distance or incomplete cleaning due to too far distance.

[0036] like Figures 15 to 19As shown in the further explanation of the embodiment of the locking module 201, the locking module 201 includes a clamping cover 202 for clamping the brake disc, and a moving rotating module 203 for driving the clamping cover 202 to rotate and move. A lifting tension block 204 is provided on the rotating base 112, and a lifting rod 205 for driving the clamping cover 202 to move up and down is provided inside the rotating base 112. A tensioning unit 206 for driving the lifting rod 205 to move is provided on the cladding turntable 111. A plurality of clamping protrusions 207 are provided at intervals along the circumference on the tension block 204, and a locking groove 208 is formed on the clamping cover 202 for the clamping protrusions 207 to pass through.

[0037] When the brake disc is tightened and locked, the tightening block 204 passes through the pressing cover 202, and the moving rotating module 203 drives the pressing cover 202 to rotate so that the locking groove 208 and the pressing protrusion 207 are staggered. The tightening block 204 pulls the pressing cover 202 downward to fix the brake disc on the rotating seat 112, forming a double limit in the axial and circumferential directions. This ensures that the brake disc is always firmly pressed on the rotating seat 112 during the high-speed rotation of the cladding turntable 111, and there will be no relative sliding or loosening. This ensures the positional accuracy between the laser cladding head 113 and the brake disc to be clad, and ensures the consistency and repeatability of the cladding layer thickness and trajectory. Moreover, there is no need for manual tightening of the clamps or adjustment of the pressure plate, which greatly shortens the single clamping time and effectively eliminates the production cycle bottleneck caused by the traditional manual locking method.

[0038] The mobile rotary module 203 includes a gripper cylinder 901 for clamping the pressing cover 202, a rotary cylinder 902 for driving the gripper cylinder 901 to rotate, a lifting and lowering moving module 903 for driving the gripper cylinder 901 to move up and down, and a horizontal moving module 904 for driving the gripper cylinder 901 to move horizontally. Through the cooperation of the gripper cylinder 901, the rotary cylinder 902, the lifting and lowering moving module 903, and the horizontal moving module 904, the mobile rotary module 203 realizes the automated picking, placing, and transferring of the pressing cover 202 without the need for manual intervention in the loading and unloading of the pressing cover 202. It realizes the fully automated operation of clamping, fixing, releasing, and transferring the pressing cover 202, further improving the automation level and processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0039] Furthermore, the clamping cover 202 is provided with a dust cover 905 for shielding the locking groove 208, and the top of the dust cover 905 is provided with a transparent observation plate. The dust cover 905 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the clamping cover 202, forming a shielding protection for the locking groove 208. During the laser cladding process, a large number of splashing metal powder particles and dust will be generated in the cladding area 303. The dust cover 905 can effectively prevent these powders and impurities from falling into the locking groove 208, avoiding the locking groove 208 from being affected by the accumulation of powder and thus the insertion and misalignment accuracy between the clamping protrusion 207 and the locking groove 208. This ensures the long-term stable locking and releasing action of the tensioning block 204 and the clamping cover 202. The transparent observation plate on the top of the dust cover 905 allows the operator or the equipment visual inspection system to view the positioning status, locking status and surface condition of the brake disc under the clamping cover 202 in real time without opening the dust cover 905.

[0040] Preferably, the laser cladding head 113 is also equipped with a vision inspection module 907 to improve the automation and quality control of the cladding process. The vision inspection module 907 can accurately position and calibrate the working surface of the brake disc before cladding, and monitor the forming state and defects of the cladding layer in real time during the cladding process. This provides a closed-loop feedback control basis for the second moving module 115 and the powder feeder 114, ensuring that the laser cladding head 113 is always aligned with the predetermined trajectory. This effectively avoids cladding deviation caused by clamping errors or thermal deformation, thereby significantly improving the uniformity and consistency of the cladding layer thickness, width, and metallurgical bonding. At the same time, it reduces subsequent inspection processes and further improves the overall processing efficiency.

[0041] Preferably, the upper and lower end faces of the pressing protrusion 207 are provided with guide slopes 908, which can smoothly guide the tensioning block 204 as it passes through the locking groove 208, avoiding jamming or impact due to slight misalignment, thereby improving the service life of the mechanism.

[0042] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 , Figure 22 , Figure 23 , Figure 24As shown in the further explanation of the embodiment of cladding powder recycling, a partition plate 301 is provided on the second frame 110, dividing the second frame 110 into a feeding area 302 and a cladding area 303. A powder recycling frame 304 is provided in the cladding area 303. The powder recycling frame 304 is arranged around the outer periphery of the cladding turntable 111. A powder recycling trough 305 is provided at the bottom of the powder recycling frame 304. A powder blowing hole 306 is provided at one end of the powder recycling trough 305, and a powder suction hole 307 is provided at the other end. The cladding turntable 111 rotates so that the rotating seat 112 is placed in the feeding area 302 or the cladding area 303.

[0043] During the brake disc cladding process, the brake disc can be loaded and unloaded in the loading area 302, while the cladding area 303 performs enclosed laser cladding operations, significantly improving equipment safety and the cleanliness of the operating environment. The powder recovery frame 304, located around the outer periphery of the cladding turntable 111 within the cladding area 303, can promptly intercept and collect the powder materials scattered during the cladding process, preventing dust from spreading and polluting surrounding equipment and the working environment. The powder recovery tank 305 has a powder blowing hole 306 at one end and a powder suction hole 307 at the other end, forming a directional airflow that can efficiently blow the powder settled in the tank to the powder suction port for centralized recovery. This reduces the waste of powder materials and avoids dust accumulation affecting the equipment's operating accuracy. The cladding turntable 111 can drive the rotating seat 112 to rotate and switch between the loading area 302 and the cladding area 303, realizing automatic flow of loading and cladding, allowing loading and cladding operations to be carried out in parallel, effectively shortening working time and improving the overall production cycle.

[0044] Specifically, the second frame 110 is also equipped with a powder collection tube 401 for inserting the laser cladding head 113, and a powder collection plate 402 is provided on the powder collection tube 401. The powder collection plate 402 is provided with an inclined powder return channel 403. The output end of the powder return channel 403 is placed in the powder recovery frame 304. When the cladding process of a brake disc is completed and the product needs to be switched, the laser cladding head 113 will usually continue to spray powder according to the set program. The laser cladding head 113 can be temporarily inserted into the powder collection tube 401. At this time, the laser cladding head 113... The powder ejected from the laser cladding head 113 directly enters the powder collection pipe 401, and can be guided to an external recycling container by an external negative pressure device connected to the end of the powder collection pipe 401. This effectively solves the problem of powder waste during product switching intervals and further improves powder utilization. When the laser cladding head 113 moves over the powder collection plate 402 and ejects powder, the scattered powder will fall directly onto the powder collection plate 402 and slide down into the powder recycling frame 304 under gravity along the inclined return powder channel 403, further reducing powder scattering.

[0045] Furthermore, a first sealing plate 308 is provided on the powder recovery frame 304, and the first sealing plate 308 abuts against the cladding turntable 111. A second sealing plate 309 is provided at the bottom of the cladding turntable 111, and the second sealing plate 309 abuts against the second frame 110. The first sealing plate 308 can effectively prevent the powder flying during the cladding process from leaking outward from the gap between the powder recovery frame 304 and the cladding turntable 111, ensuring that the flying powder is confined within the recovery frame and guided to the powder recovery tank 305, thereby improving the powder recovery rate. The second sealing plate 309 increases the sealing between the cladding turntable 111 and the second frame 110, preventing the powder from escaping from the cladding area 303 into the feeding area 302, and further improving the isolation effect of the partition plate 301.

[0046] In addition, a powder-falling inclined surface 404 is provided on the cladding turntable 111, and an air knife 405 is provided on the partition plate 301. The air knife 405 is positioned facing the powder-falling inclined surface 404, and a powder suction pipe 406 is provided on the partition plate 301. The powder suction pipe 406 is located on the rotating seat 112. During the laser cladding process, the powder on the powder-falling inclined surface 404 is forcibly peeled and pushed by the airflow of the air knife 405, accelerating its slide into the powder recovery frame 304. This effectively avoids the adhesion and accumulation of powder on the powder-falling inclined surface 404 or the edge of the cladding turntable 111. Furthermore, the powder suction pipe 406 actively sucks in suspended and splashed powder directly before diffusion using negative pressure, greatly improving the overall recovery rate.

[0047] Preferably, the cladding turntable 111 is equipped with a retractable powder baffle. The powder baffle is moved by a cylinder. When the powder blowing hole 306 blows air and the powder suction hole 307 sucks powder, the powder baffle covers the powder recovery tank 305 to prevent the powder inside the powder recovery tank 305 from escaping, thereby improving the powder recovery effect.

[0048] Preferably, the bottom of the rotating base 112 is provided with a first sealing ring 911 and a second sealing ring 912, and the first sealing ring 911 and the second sealing ring 912 abut against the cladding turntable 111. Through the isolation effect of the first sealing ring 911 and the second sealing ring 912, dust is effectively prevented from entering the gap between the rotating base 112 and the cladding turntable 111, protecting the internal transmission and lifting mechanism and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0049] The cladding turntable 111 is equipped with a powder collection tank 913, which is located between the first sealing ring 911 and the second sealing ring 912. Even if a very small amount of dust penetrates the first sealing ring 911, it will be trapped in the powder collection tank 913, further preventing dust from entering the internal core area, thereby significantly extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 24 As shown, a brake disc manufacturing process includes the following steps: S1. Brake disc loading: The loading end of the conveyor line 1 is equipped with a loading rack 601. The brake disc is placed on the loading rack 601 by manual labor or AGV equipment. A loading recognition camera 602 is set above the loading rack 601. The loading recognition camera 602 takes pictures of the brake disc on the loading rack 601 and sends a position signal to the first loading structure 101. S2, Laser cleaning, loading and centering: The first loading structure 101 transfers the brake disc from the loading rack 601 to the fixed seat 104. The flipping module 105 includes a sliding seat 501 slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat 104, a rotating unit 502 disposed on the sliding seat 501, a clamping block 503 disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit 502, and a sliding module 504 that drives the rotating unit 502 to move. A centering structure 512 is disposed on the sliding seat 501. The centering structure 512 includes a centering plate 513 disposed on the sliding seat 501 and a plurality of centering rods 514 inserted on the centering plate 513. The sliding seat 501 moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods 514 abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc at intervals and center the brake disc. After centering is completed, the fixed seat 104 adsorbs and fixes the brake disc. S3, Brake disc cleaning: The first moving module 107 drives the laser cleaning head to move, while the fixed base 104 drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head cleans the upper surface of the brake disc. S4. Brake disc flipping and cleaning: The fixed seat 104 drives the brake disc to rise, the clamping block 503 abuts against the brake disc from both sides, the fixed seat 104 descends and moves away from the brake disc, the rotating unit 502 drives the clamping block 503 to rotate, causing the brake disc to flip, the fixed seat 104 rises and moves to the bottom of the brake disc after flipping, the centering structure 512 centers the brake disc after flipping, after centering, the fixed seat 104 adsorbs and fixes the brake disc, the first moving module 107 drives the laser cleaning head to move, the fixed seat 104 drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head cleans the lower surface of the brake disc; S5. Geometric tolerance inspection: A geometric tolerance inspection device 603 is installed on the side of the conveyor line 1. The first feeding structure 101 transfers the brake disc from the feeding rack 601 to the geometric tolerance inspection device 603. The geometric tolerance inspection device 603 performs geometric tolerance inspection on the brake disc after cleaning. S6. Brake disc heating: The brake disc that has completed the form and position tolerance test is placed on the conveyor line 1. The conveyor line 1 is equipped with a preheating structure 604. The preheating structure 604 preheats the brake disc during the conveying process. The brake disc that has completed the preheating moves to the feeding area 302 under the action of the conveyor line 1. S7. Brake disc cladding and fixing: The second feeding structure 108 places the brake disc onto the rotating seat 112. The brake disc cladding structure 109 also includes a locking module 201 for locking the brake disc. The locking module 201 includes a pressing cover 202 for pressing the brake disc, and a moving rotating module 203 for driving the pressing cover 202 to rotate and move. The rotating seat 112 is provided with a liftable tensioning block 204, and the tensioning block 204 is provided with a plurality of pressing protrusions 207 spaced along the circumference. The pressing cover 202 has a locking groove 208 through which the pressing protrusion 207 passes. The moving rotating module 203 drives the pressing cover 202 to move directly above the brake disc and lowers it so that the pressing cover 202 passes through the tensioning block 204 and presses against the upper surface of the brake disc. After the moving rotating module 203 drives the pressing cover 202 to rotate a certain angle, the tensioning block 204 retracts downward and applies a downward tensioning force to the pressing cover 202, so that the brake disc is clamped and fixed between the pressing cover 202 and the rotating seat 112. S8, Brake disc first surface cladding: The second frame 110 is provided with a loading area 302 and a cladding area 303. The cladding turntable 111 rotates, and the rotating seat 112 is rotated from the loading area 302 to the cladding position in the cladding area 303. At the same time, the rotating seat 112 in the cladding area 303 moves to the loading area 302 and clamps the brake disc. The second moving module 115 moves the laser cladding head 113 to the brake disc in the cladding area 303. The rotating seat 112 drives the brake disc to rotate and performs laser cladding on the first surface of the brake disc until the first surface cladding is completed. The second moving module 115 moves the laser cladding head 113 away from the brake disc. S9. Brake disc flipping: The cladding turntable 111 rotates, turning the brake disc with the first cladding side completed from the cladding area 303 back to the loading position of the loading area 302. At the same time, the brake disc in the loading area 302 enters the cladding area 303 for the first cladding side. In the loading area 302, the tensioning block 204 is controlled to lift upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover 202 to loosen the pressure on the brake disc. The second loading structure 108 drives the brake disc to rise, so that the brake disc is completely separated from the rotating seat 112, and drives the brake disc to flip 180° so that the second side of the brake disc that is not clad faces upward, completing the flipping action. The second loading structure 108 puts the flipped brake disc back into the center position of the rotating seat 112. The locking module 201 re-executes the locking action of the brake disc, fixing the flipped brake disc back onto the rotating seat 112. S10, Second side cladding of brake disc: The cladding turntable 111 rotates again, rotating the rotating seat 112 from the loading area 302 to the cladding position in the cladding area 303. At the same time, the rotating seat 112 in the cladding area 303 returns to the loading area 302, and the brake disc is flipped. In the cladding area 303, the laser cladding head 113 moves to above the brake disc. The rotating seat 112 drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cladding head 113 performs laser cladding on the second side of the brake disc until the second side cladding is completed. S11, Finishing the cladding and unloading: The cladding turntable 111 rotates, turning the brake disc with both sides cladding completed from the cladding area 303 back to the loading position of the loading area 302. At the same time, the brake disc that has been flipped in the loading area 302 enters the cladding area 303 for the second cladding. In the loading area 302, the tension block 204 is controlled to lift upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover 202. The rotating module 203 drives the pressure cover 202 to rotate and move upward through the tension block 204, moving it away from the brake disc to release the pressure on the brake disc. The second loading structure 108 removes the brake disc with both sides cladding completed from the rotating seat 112 and unloads the brake disc. S12, Brake disc weighing: A weighing detection device 605 is provided on the side of the brake disc cladding assembly 3. The second feeding structure 108 places the brake disc with both sides clad onto the weighing detection device 605 for weighing. After weighing, the second feeding structure 108 places the brake disc onto the conveyor line 1 for continued conveying. S13, Brake disc cooling: A cooling structure 606 is provided on the conveyor line 1, and a cooling channel is provided on the cooling structure 606. The brake disc passes through the cooling channel for cooling under the action of the conveyor line 1. S14. Appearance inspection: A cladding appearance inspection structure 607 is provided on the side of the conveyor line 1. The cladding appearance inspection structure 607 includes a gripping robot 608 and an inspection module 609 for inspecting the appearance. The gripping robot 608 places the brake disc after cooling onto the inspection module 609 for appearance inspection to determine the cladding quality of the brake disc. S15. Brake disc unloading inspection: The side of the unloading area of ​​conveyor line 1 is equipped with a shape and position and natural frequency detection device 701, an eddy current flaw detection device 702, an overall appearance inspection device 703, and an unloading robot 704. The unloading robot 704 performs shape and position and natural frequency detection, flaw detection, and overall appearance inspection on the brake disc in sequence. After the inspection is completed, the unloading robot 704 puts the brake disc back onto conveyor line 1. S16. Defective brake disc coding: The conveyor line 1 is equipped with a defective product coding structure 705. The defective product coding structure 705 codes the defective products. After coding is completed, the conveyor line 1 continues to move the brake disc in the unloading direction. S17. Brake disc unloading: The output end of the conveyor line 1 is equipped with a qualified product unloading frame 706 and an unqualified product unloading frame 707. The unloading robot 704 puts the qualified and unqualified brake discs into the qualified product unloading frame 706 and the unqualified product unloading frame 707 respectively.

[0051] Preferably, the preheating structure 604 includes a heating cover, a heating tube disposed inside the heating cover, and a hot air delivery fan disposed toward the brake disc. The hot air delivery fan blows air toward the heating tube, so that the heated air acts on the heating cover to achieve preheating of the heating disc.

[0052] Preferably, the cooling structure 606 includes a cooling module and a blowing structure. The blowing structure acts on the cooling module to allow cold air to enter the cooling channel to cool the brake disc inside the cooling channel.

[0053] The geometric tolerance testing equipment 603, the cladding appearance testing structure 607, the geometric position and natural frequency testing equipment 701, the eddy current flaw detection equipment 702, and the overall appearance testing equipment 703 in this invention are existing equipment in the industry, so they will not be described in detail.

[0054] Among them, after the brake disc is heated, S6.1 temperature detection is also set: the conveyor line 1 is also equipped with a first temperature detection structure, which detects the temperature of the brake disc after preheating to ensure that the brake disc enters the cladding equipment at the set temperature to ensure the cladding quality.

[0055] In addition, after the brake disc cools down, S12.1, brake disc upper and lower temperature detection is also set: a second temperature detection structure is also set on the conveyor line 1. The second temperature detection structure performs temperature detection on the brake disc after cooling to ensure that the brake disc is cooled down in place, so as to ensure that the brake disc is inspected at the set temperature, thereby improving the accuracy of the shape inspection.

[0056] The first and second temperature detection structures detect the temperature of the brake disc using temperature sensors.

[0057] The cladding process involves cladding a first stainless steel layer and a second stainless steel and titanium carbide hybrid layer onto the surface of the brake disc. The first stainless steel layer serves as a bonding or buffer layer, primarily forming a strong metallurgical bond with the gray cast iron substrate while providing excellent corrosion protection. The second stainless steel and titanium carbide hybrid layer serves as a friction working layer, with hard titanium carbide particles evenly distributed within the stainless steel substrate, specifically designed for high wear resistance and a specific coefficient of friction.

[0058] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake disc cleaning and cladding device, characterized in that, It includes a conveyor line (1) for conveying brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning assembly (2) and a brake disc cladding assembly (3) arranged along the brake disc conveying direction; Brake disc cleaning assembly (2) includes a first loading structure (101) for loading and unloading brake discs, and a brake disc cleaning structure (102). The brake disc cleaning structure (102) includes a first frame (103), a fixed seat (104) that is rotatably mounted on the first frame (103), a flipping module (105) for flipping the brake disc, a laser cleaning head (106) for cleaning the brake disc, and a first moving module (107) for driving the laser cleaning head (106) to move. The brake disc cladding assembly (3) includes a second loading structure (108) for loading, unloading and flipping the brake disc, and a brake disc cladding structure (109) for cladding the brake disc. The brake disc cladding structure (109) includes a second frame (110), a cladding turntable (111) rotatably mounted on the second frame (110), a rotating seat (112) rotatably mounted on the cladding turntable (111), a laser cladding head (113) for cladding the brake disc, a powder feeder (114) for feeding powder raw materials to the laser cladding head (113), and a second moving module (115) for driving the laser cladding head (113) to move. A locking module (201) for locking the brake disc is provided on the second frame (110).

2. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking module (201) includes a clamping cover (202) for clamping the brake disc, and a moving rotating module (203) for driving the clamping cover (202) to rotate and move. A lifting tension block (204) is provided on the rotating base (112). A lifting rod (205) for driving the clamping cover (202) to move up and down is provided inside the rotating base (112). A tensioning unit (206) for driving the lifting rod (205) to move is provided on the cladding turntable (111). The tension block (204)... 04) Several pressing protrusions (207) are arranged at intervals along the upper circumference. The pressing cover (202) is formed with a locking groove (208) for the pressing protrusions (207) to pass through. After the tensioning block (204) passes through the pressing cover (202), the moving rotating module (203) drives the pressing cover (202) to rotate so that the locking groove (208) and the pressing protrusions (207) are staggered. The tensioning block (204) pulls the pressing cover (202) down to fix the brake disc on the rotating seat (112).

3. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second frame (110) is provided with a partition plate (301) to divide the second frame (110) into a feeding area (302) and a cladding area (303). A powder recovery frame (304) is provided in the cladding area (303). The powder recovery frame (304) is arranged around the outer periphery of the cladding turntable (111). A powder recovery trough (305) is provided at the bottom of the powder recovery frame (304). A powder blowing hole (306) is provided at one end of the powder recovery trough (305), and a powder suction hole (307) is provided at the other end. The cladding turntable (111) rotates so that the rotating seat (112) is placed in the feeding area (302) or the cladding area (303).

4. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The powder recycling frame (304) is provided with a first sealing plate (308), and the first sealing plate (308) abuts against the cladding turntable (111). The bottom of the cladding turntable (111) is provided with a second sealing plate (309), and the second sealing plate (309) abuts against the second frame (110).

5. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second frame (110) is also provided with a powder collection tube (401) for the laser cladding head (113) to be inserted, and a powder collection plate (402) is provided on the powder collection tube (401). An inclined powder return channel (403) is provided on the powder collection plate (402), and the output end of the powder return channel (403) is placed in the powder recycling frame (304).

6. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cladding turntable (111) is provided with a powder-falling inclined surface (404), the partition plate (301) is provided with an air knife (405), the air knife (405) is positioned facing the powder-falling inclined surface (404), and the partition plate (301) is provided with a powder-suction pipe (406), the powder-suction pipe (406) is located on the rotating seat (112).

7. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flipping module (105) includes a sliding seat (501) slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat (104), a rotating unit (502) disposed on the sliding seat (501), a clamping block (503) disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit (502), and a sliding module (504) for driving the rotating unit (502) to move. The clamping block (503) abuts against the brake disc from both sides and drives the brake disc to flip.

8. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding seat (501) is provided with a centering structure (512), which includes a centering plate (513) provided on the sliding seat (501) and a plurality of centering rods (514) inserted on the centering plate (513). The sliding seat (501) moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods (514) abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc at intervals.

9. The brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (104) includes a mounting plate (505) that can be lifted and lowered on the first frame (103), a rotating module (506) that is mounted on the mounting plate (505), and a fixed disk (507) that is mounted on the rotating end of the rotating module (506). The fixed disk (507) is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic adsorption units (508) for adsorbing the brake disc.

10. A processing method for a brake disc, comprising the brake disc cleaning and cladding equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Brake disc loading: The loading end of the conveyor line (1) is equipped with a loading rack (601). The brake disc is placed on the loading rack (601) by manual labor or AGV equipment. A loading recognition camera (602) is set above the loading rack (601). The loading recognition camera (602) takes pictures of the brake disc on the loading rack (601) and sends a position signal to the first loading structure (101). S2, Laser cleaning, loading and centering: The first loading structure (101) transfers the brake disc from the loading rack (601) to the fixed seat (104). The flipping module (105) includes sliding seats (501) slidably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat (104), a rotating unit (502) disposed on the sliding seat (501), a clamping block (503) disposed on the moving end of the rotating unit (502), and a sliding module (503) that drives the rotating unit (502) to move. 04), a centering structure (512) is provided on the sliding seat (501). The centering structure (512) includes a centering plate (513) provided on the sliding seat (501) and a number of centering rods (514) inserted on the centering plate (513). The sliding seat (501) moves toward the brake disc so that the centering rods (514) abut against the outer periphery of the brake disc at intervals and center the brake disc. After centering is completed, the fixed seat (104) adsorbs and fixes the brake disc. S3, Brake disc cleaning: The first moving module (107) drives the laser cleaning head (106) to move, while the fixed seat (104) drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head (106) cleans the upper surface of the brake disc. S4, Brake disc flipping and cleaning: The fixed seat (104) drives the brake disc to rise, the clamping block (503) abuts against the brake disc from both sides, the fixed seat (104) descends and moves away from the brake disc, the rotating unit (502) drives the clamping block (503) to rotate and drive the brake disc to flip, the fixed seat (104) rises and moves to the bottom of the brake disc after flipping, the centering structure (512) centers the brake disc after flipping, after centering, the fixed seat (104) adsorbs and fixes the brake disc, the first moving module (107) drives the laser cleaning head (106) to move, the fixed seat (104) drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cleaning head (106) cleans the lower surface of the brake disc; S5. Geometric tolerance inspection: A geometric tolerance inspection device (603) is installed on the side of the conveyor line (1). The first feeding structure (101) transfers the brake disc from the feeding rack (601) to the geometric tolerance inspection device (603). The geometric tolerance inspection device (603) performs geometric tolerance inspection on the brake disc after cleaning. S6. Brake disc heating: The brake disc that has completed the form and position tolerance test is placed on the conveyor line (1). The conveyor line (1) is equipped with a preheating structure (604). The preheating structure (604) preheats the brake disc during the conveying process. The brake disc that has completed the preheating moves to the loading area (302) under the action of the conveyor line (1). S7. Brake disc cladding and fixing: The second feeding structure (108) places the brake disc onto the rotating seat (112). The brake disc cladding structure (109) also includes a locking module (201) for locking the brake disc. The locking module (201) includes a pressing cover (202) for pressing the brake disc, and a moving rotating module (203) for driving the pressing cover (202) to rotate and move. The rotating seat (112) is provided with a liftable tensioning block (204). The tensioning block (204) is provided with a number of pressing protrusions (207) spaced along the circumference. The clamping cover (202) has a locking groove (208) through which the clamping protrusion (207) passes. The moving rotating module (203) drives the clamping cover (202) to move directly above the brake disc and lowers it so that the clamping cover (202) passes through the tensioning block (204) and presses against the upper surface of the brake disc. After the moving rotating module (203) drives the clamping cover (202) to rotate a certain angle, the tensioning block (204) retracts downward, applying a downward tensioning force to the clamping cover (202), so that the brake disc is clamped and fixed between the clamping cover (202) and the rotating seat (112). S8, Brake disc first surface cladding: The second frame (110) is provided with a loading area (302) and a cladding area (303). The cladding turntable (111) rotates, and the rotating seat (112) is rotated from the loading area (302) to the cladding position in the cladding area (303). At the same time, the rotating seat (112) in the cladding area (303) moves to the loading area (302) and clamps the brake disc. The second moving module (115) moves the laser cladding head (113) to the brake disc in the cladding area (303). The rotating seat (112) drives the brake disc to rotate and performs laser cladding on the first surface of the brake disc until the first surface cladding is completed. The second moving module (115) moves the laser cladding head (113) away from the brake disc. S9. Brake disc flipping: The cladding turntable (111) rotates, turning the brake disc that has completed the first cladding from the cladding area (303) back to the loading position in the loading area (302). At the same time, the brake disc in the loading area (302) enters the cladding area (303) for the first cladding. In the loading area (302), the tensioning block (204) is controlled to rise upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover (202) to loosen the pressure on the brake disc. The second feeding structure (108) drives the brake disc to rise, so that the brake disc is completely separated from the rotating seat (112), and drives the brake disc to rotate 180° so that the second side of the brake disc that is not fused faces upward, completing the rotation action. The second feeding structure (108) puts the rotated brake disc back into the center position of the rotating seat (112), and the locking module (201) performs the locking action on the brake disc again, fixing the rotated brake disc back onto the rotating seat (112). S10, Second side cladding of brake disc: The cladding turntable (111) rotates again, and the rotating seat (112) is rotated from the loading area (302) to the cladding position in the cladding area (303). At the same time, the rotating seat (112) in the cladding area (303) returns to the loading area (302), and the brake disc is flipped. In the cladding area (303), the laser cladding head (113) moves to the top of the brake disc. The rotating seat (112) drives the brake disc to rotate, and the laser cladding head (113) performs laser cladding on the second side of the brake disc until the second side cladding is completed. S11, Finishing the cladding and unloading: The cladding turntable (111) rotates, and the brake disc that has completed cladding on both sides is rotated from the cladding area (303) back to the loading position of the loading area (302). At the same time, the brake disc that has completed the flipping in the loading area (302) enters the cladding area (303) for the second cladding. In the loading area (302), the tension block (204) is controlled to lift upward, releasing the downward tension on the pressure cover (202). The moving rotating module (203) drives the pressure cover (202) to rotate and move upward through the tension block (204) so ​​that it moves away from the brake disc to release the pressure on the brake disc. The second loading structure (108) removes the brake disc that has completed cladding on both sides from the rotating seat (112) and unloads the brake disc. S12, Brake disc weighing: A weighing detection device (605) is provided on the side of the brake disc cladding assembly (3). The second feeding structure (108) places the brake disc with two cladding sides onto the weighing detection device (605) for weighing. After weighing, the second feeding structure (108) places the brake disc onto the conveyor line (1) for continued conveying. S13, brake disc cooling: A cooling structure (606) is provided on the conveyor line (1), and a cooling channel is provided on the cooling structure (606). The brake disc passes through the cooling channel under the action of the conveyor line (1) to be cooled. S14. Appearance inspection: The side of the conveyor line (1) is provided with a cladding appearance inspection structure (607). The cladding appearance inspection structure (607) includes a gripping robot (608) and an inspection module (609) for inspecting the appearance. The gripping robot (608) places the brake disc after cooling onto the inspection module (609) for appearance inspection to determine the cladding quality of the brake disc. S15, Brake disc unloading inspection: The side of the unloading area of ​​the conveyor line (1) is equipped with a shape and position and natural frequency detection device (701), an eddy current flaw detection device (702), an overall appearance inspection device (703), and an unloading robot (704). The unloading robot (704) performs shape and position and natural frequency detection, flaw detection, and overall appearance inspection on the brake disc in sequence. After the inspection is completed, the unloading robot (704) puts the brake disc back onto the conveyor line (1). S16. Marking of non-conforming brake discs: A non-conforming product marking structure (705) is set on the conveyor line (1). The non-conforming product marking structure (705) marks the non-conforming products. After marking, the conveyor line (1) continues to move the brake discs in the unloading direction. S17. Unloading of brake discs: A qualified product unloading frame (706) and a non-conforming product unloading frame (707) are set at the output end of the conveyor line (1). The unloading robot (704) puts the qualified and non-conforming brake discs into the qualified product unloading frame (706) and the non-conforming product unloading frame (707) respectively.

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