Exterior wall fireproof thermal insulation system and preparation method of facing reinforced vacuum insulation composite board

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of external wall thermal insulation systems, and discloses an external wall fireproof thermal insulation system and a preparation method of a surface-reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite board, wherein the thermal resistance of the external wall fireproof thermal insulation system is 3.43 (m2*K) / W, the water vapor transmission wet flow density is 0.99 g / (m2*h), the water absorption is 399 g / m2, and the system tensile bonding strength is 0.11 MPa; the external wall fireproof thermal insulation system comprises, from inside to outside, a base wall, a surface-reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite board, a protective layer and a coating decorative layer which are sequentially stacked, the surface-reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite board is fixed to the outer side of the base wall through a fixing piece, and the inner side of the base wall is provided with a plaster layer; the surface density of the surface-reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite board is 28 kg / m2, the bending load resistance is 2833 N, and the tensile bonding strength is 0.12-0.13 MPa; the application solves the problem that the vacuum core structure is extremely easy to be damaged and cannot be matched with conventional external wall anchoring construction, has high thermal insulation stability and construction practicability, and can meet the long-term safe service requirement of external walls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of external wall insulation system technology, and in particular to an external wall fireproof insulation system and a method for preparing a reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel. Background Technology

[0002] Building exterior wall insulation technology is a core technology for improving the quality of the indoor thermal environment, increasing energy efficiency, and reducing building operating energy consumption, and it is widely used in the field of building energy conservation. In recent years, my country's building energy conservation standards have been continuously upgraded, and energy conservation control indicators in various regions have been significantly improved, placing higher demands on the thermal insulation efficiency, structural stability, and durability of building exterior wall insulation systems.

[0003] Currently, mainstream exterior wall insulation materials on the market exhibit significant performance contradictions, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of current high standards for energy conservation and fire protection. Organic insulation materials, while having low thermal conductivity and being lightweight and energy-efficient, inherently suffer from poor combustion performance and low fire ratings, failing to meet current mandatory building fire protection standards. Compliant retrofitting requires the addition of numerous fire-resistant structures, resulting in poor project economics. Traditional inorganic Class A insulation materials (rock wool boards, inorganic composite polystyrene boards, foam glass, foam ceramics, etc.) can achieve Class A fire resistance and reliable fire safety, but their high thermal conductivity and weak thermal performance mean that, under current high energy-saving standards, the insulation design thickness must reach at least 130mm to meet energy-saving acceptance requirements.

[0004] The ultra-thick insulation layer not only significantly occupies the effective usable area of ​​the building and reduces the space utilization rate, but also has a large self-weight, making the bonding and anchoring construction difficult and the bonding and anchoring reliability poor. Long-term use can easily lead to safety hazards such as hollowing, cracking and falling off. The overall construction safety and service durability are insufficient, and it has been gradually eliminated by the market.

[0005] International publication number WO2013 / 029368A1 discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving fireproof insulation board for exterior walls and its preparation method. The board includes a main insulation layer, reinforced insulation layers on both sides of the main insulation layer, a flame-retardant decorative layer on the outer side of at least one reinforced insulation layer, a cavity within the main insulation layer, support columns between opposite sides of the cavity, and an airtight layer on the inner surface of the cavity. The paper also provides a method for preparing the fireproof insulation board, comprising the following steps: applying an adhesive to one reinforced insulation layer; laying the main insulation layer on the adhesive on the reinforced insulation layer; applying another adhesive to the main insulation layer; laying another reinforced insulation layer on the adhesive on the main insulation layer; covering one or both outer sides of the two reinforced insulation layers with a flame-retardant decorative layer; and laying a pressure plate on the flame-retardant decorative layer and pressurizing for 12-24 hours.

[0006] However, this patent has the following obvious defects: 1. It relies on a single cavity airtight structure, which is prone to vacuum decay and airtightness failure under long-term outdoor temperature changes and dry-wet cycle conditions, resulting in poor thermal insulation durability; 2. It can only rely on surface bonding for fixation, and on-site anchoring and drilling construction can easily damage the vacuum structure, leading to failure of core thermal insulation performance. It cannot be adapted to conventional exterior wall construction processes and has the defect of poor construction adaptability.

[0007] The international publication number WO2022 / 012013A1 discloses a fireproof composite insulation board, its preparation method, and its application, specifically including the following steps: preparing a vacuum insulation board, a first cement polystyrene particle insulation board, and a second cement polystyrene particle insulation board; applying adhesive to one side of the first cement polystyrene particle insulation board and / or one side of the vacuum insulation board, and then bonding the vacuum insulation board to the first cement polystyrene particle insulation board; applying adhesive to one side of the second cement polystyrene particle insulation board and / or the side of the vacuum insulation board away from the first cement polystyrene particle insulation board, and bonding the second cement polystyrene particle insulation board to the side of the vacuum insulation board away from the first cement polystyrene particle insulation board; compacting and drying / curing.

[0008] However, the patent has the following obvious defects: 1. The layers can only be bonded by a single adhesive, and the bonding strength between the interfaces is low; 2. The vacuum insulation board cannot withstand the anchoring penetration construction, which can easily cause damage to the vacuum core material and a significant reduction in thermal insulation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system and a method for preparing a reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite panel. This solves the problems that the vacuum core structure is easily damaged and cannot be adapted to conventional external wall anchoring construction. It has high thermal insulation stability and construction practicality, and can meet the requirements for long-term safe service of external walls.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following first technical solution: The fireproof and thermal insulation system for exterior walls has a thermal resistance of 3.43 (㎡·K) / W, a water vapor permeability density of 0.99 g / (㎡·h), a water absorption of 399 g / ㎡, and a tensile bond strength of 0.11 MPa. Furthermore, the external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system includes a base wall, a reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite panel, a protective layer, and a decorative coating layer, which are stacked sequentially from the inside out. The reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite panel is fixed to the outside of the base wall by fasteners, and the inside of the base wall is provided with a plaster layer. The surface density of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel is 28 kg / m², the flexural load is 2833 N, and the tensile bond strength is 0.12–0.13 MPa.

[0011] The following are further optimizations of the above technical solution by the present invention: The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, and an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh fabric set on the inside and outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0012] Further optimization: The inner wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel is bonded to the outer wall of the base wall through an adhesive mortar layer.

[0013] Further optimization: A leveling mortar layer is provided on the inner wall of the base wall.

[0014] Further optimization: The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth set on the inside of the vacuum insulation panel, and a hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh set on the outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0015] Further optimization: The inner wall of the protective layer is bonded to the outer wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel through a thermal insulation slurry layer.

[0016] Further optimization: The protective layer is made of a composite of waterproof plaster and fiberglass mesh set in the waterproof plaster.

[0017] Further optimization: The thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation board is 0.0077 W / (m·K), the tensile strength perpendicular to the board surface is 0.10 MPa, the puncture strength is 23 N, the expansion rate perpendicular to the board surface after puncture is 8%, the surface water absorption is 88 g / ㎡, and the combustion performance rating is Class A.

[0018] Further optimization: The dry apparent density of the thermal insulation mortar layer is 329 kg / m³, the compressive strength is 0.35 MPa, the softening coefficient is 0.69, the thermal conductivity is 0.078 W / (m·K), the linear shrinkage rate is 0.27%, the tensile bond strength is 0.13 MPa, and the fire performance rating is Class A.

[0019] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following second technical solution: A method for preparing a reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel, characterized in that, based on the aforementioned reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel, the preparation method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Pre-clean and organize the molding template frame of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel; S2. Place the molded template frame horizontally and evenly apply a layer of inorganic polymer mortar to the bottom inside it. S3. After the mortar is laid flat, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh is fully laid inside the uncured mortar layer. Then, a thin layer of inorganic polymer mortar is applied to the surface of the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh, and the mortar completely covers the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh. S4. After the bottom mortar prepared in step S3 has been initially set and shaped, and has a stable load-bearing capacity, the vacuum insulation board is placed flat on the surface of the bottom mortar, and a 5cm covering allowance is reserved between the vacuum insulation board and the inner wall of the forming template frame, and between adjacent vacuum insulation boards. S5. After the vacuum insulation board is positioned and fixed, continuously and evenly pour inorganic polymer mortar into the forming template frame until the mortar completely covers the upper surface of the vacuum insulation board. S6. After the intermediate mortar filled in step S5 has initially set and solidified, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh is fully laid on its surface, and inorganic polymer mortar is scraped and spread again on the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh, so that the upper surface of the mortar is completely flush with the top surface of the formed template frame. S7. Place the whole board prepared in step S6 in a room temperature environment for natural curing, so that the inorganic polymer mortar inside the molding template frame can be fully cured, and obtain a blank of a fully formed and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board. S8. After the board has been cured and the structural strength meets the demolding requirements, remove the molding template frame to take out the board, and finally obtain a complete and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board.

[0020] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a reinforced vacuum insulation composite board as the core insulation layer. The board is fully covered with inorganic mortar inside and out, which effectively solves the defect of air leakage caused by puncture of the vacuum core material, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the insulation performance of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite board. 2. The entire exterior wall fireproof insulation system uses vacuum core material, mortar, mesh cloth, and fasteners that are all non-combustible or flame-retardant Class A materials, without any combustible organic interlayers. This meets the fire protection standards for high-rise buildings and densely populated places, thus satisfying the long-term safe service requirements of building exterior walls.

[0021] 3. This invention can use fasteners to fix the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel to the outside of the base wall, reducing the risk of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel falling off. It has high thermal insulation stability and construction practicality, and can adapt to the problems of conventional external wall anchoring construction, thus meeting the requirements for long-term safe service of building exterior walls. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Base wall; 2. Reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel; 3. Protective layer; 4. Decorative coating layer; 5. Plaster layer; 6. Adhesive mortar layer; 7. Leveling mortar layer; 8. Thermal insulation grout layer; 9. Anchor bolts; 10. Connectors. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to preferred embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The fireproof and thermal insulation system for exterior walls has a thermal resistance of 3.43 (㎡·K) / W, a water vapor permeability density of 0.99 g / (㎡·h), a water absorption of 399 g / ㎡, and a tensile bond strength of 0.11 MPa.

[0029] Performance testing of external wall fireproof insulation system: The test wall was constructed according to standard requirements, measuring 2000mm × 3000mm, with a window opening 400mm wide and 600mm high. The testing process strictly followed current national and industry standards, including JGJ 144-2019 "Technical Standard for External Wall Insulation Engineering", GB / T 13475-2008 "Determination, Calibration and Protective Chamber Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Thermal Insulation", and GB / T 36585-2018 "Dynamic Wind Pressure Test Method for External Wall Insulation Systems". The test results are shown in the table below.

[0030] In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation board is as low as 0.0077 W / (m·K). After the core material is made into a reinforced vacuum insulation composite board 2 and matched with a complete external wall fireproof insulation system, the thermal resistance of the entire external wall fireproof insulation system can reach 3.43 (㎡·K) / W after steady-state thermal resistance testing.

[0031] Compared to traditional exterior wall insulation materials such as rock wool and inorganic composite polystyrene board, this invention relies on the thermal advantage of the extremely low thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation materials. Under the premise of meeting the same building energy-saving design indicators and achieving the same wall heat transfer coefficient limit, it can significantly reduce the overall thickness of the exterior wall insulation structure. This results in a significant reduction in the thickness of the insulation layer on the outside of the building wall, reducing the encroachment of the building envelope on the interior space, thereby effectively releasing the net space inside the building and increasing the usable floor area ratio.

[0032] Furthermore, the external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system includes a base wall 1, a reinforced vacuum thermal insulation composite panel 2, a protective layer 3, and a decorative coating layer 4, which are stacked sequentially from the inside out.

[0033] In this embodiment, the decorative coating layer 4 is used for surface finishing protection and aesthetic enhancement. It has a wide range of material compatibility and can use standardized finished assembly boards with uniform specifications and parameters that are widely available in the market. Specifically, it includes a variety of mature products such as YD inorganic decorative panels, high-density calcium silicate boards, fiber cement pressure boards, and metal panels.

[0034] Preferably, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is fixed to the outside of the base wall 1 by fasteners, and the inside of the base wall 1 is provided with a plaster layer 5.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the base wall 1 uses 200mm thick autoclaved aerated concrete strip blocks as the main enclosure material; the surface reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 uniformly adopts a standard thickness of 50mm.

[0036] The surface density of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is 28 kg / m², the flexural load is 2833 N, and the tensile bond strength is 0.12–0.13 MPa.

[0037] The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, and an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh fabric set on the inside and outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0038] In this embodiment, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 adopts a reinforced vacuum insulation composite outer panel, which is a composite prefabricated insulation board. The outer panel uses the vacuum insulation board as the core material. First, the surface of the vacuum insulation board is completely covered and protected by inorganic polymer mortar. Then, the inner and outer sides are reinforced by polymer mortar composite fiberglass mesh to complete the overall surface reinforcement treatment, and finally formed into an integrated insulation board with both thermal insulation performance and structural strength.

[0039] The outer panel adopts a bonding and anchoring fixing process, which firmly adheres to the outer wall surface of the base wall 1, realizing a stable composite assembly between it and the base wall 1, thereby enabling the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 to be compatible with conventional exterior wall assembly processes.

[0040] Among them, the vacuum insulation board, which is the core insulation material, uses inorganic ultrafine fiber with air absorbent as the internal filling material and a high-sealing composite gas barrier film as the outer protective material. It is prepared by a series of processes such as vacuum evacuation, sealing and encapsulation, and shaping (the above preparation and processing processes are all existing technologies and are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here).

[0041] That is, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 adopts a double-layer Class A fireproof structure design. The inorganic polymer mortar with a combustion performance of Class A is used to completely cover and protect the vacuum insulation panel with the same Class A combustion performance. This ensures that the overall combustion performance of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 still maintains the Class A standard, so that it fully complies with the current building exterior wall fire protection design code and engineering construction acceptance requirements. This makes the invention suitable for fire protection and thermal insulation conditions of various civil and industrial building exterior walls.

[0042] The inorganic polymer mortar used in this invention is preferably inorganic polymer thermal insulation mortar, which is a common and mature material in the field of prefabricated building insulation panels. The dry powder component ratio, on-site mixing process, and performance parameter control method of this material are all existing known technologies. The relevant technical standards, construction specifications, and performance parameters have been fully disclosed in current building materials industry standards and engineering technical manuals, and are generally well known and mastered by those skilled in the art. Therefore, this article will not elaborate on its specific raw material ratio, component dosage control, mixing process, and other conventional known technical contents.

[0043] The fasteners used in the assembly of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 are standard anchor bolts 9 commonly used in the market. The anchor bolt 9 is mainly composed of an expansion member and an expansion sleeve with a disc. During construction, relying on the static friction force generated by the expansion of the anchor bolt 9 and the dual action of mechanical locking, the precise positioning and firm connection between the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and the base wall 1 are achieved, thereby ensuring the fixed stability and integrity of the assembly of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2.

[0044] In addition, the number of anchor bolts 9 on each reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 shall not be less than 2, and the anchoring position of the anchor bolts 9 shall be selected by drilling holes at the location of the inorganic polymer mortar, without damaging the vacuum insulation panel inside.

[0045] Compared to traditional vacuum insulation panels, the core improvement of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 in this invention is the surface reinforcement structure design. The inorganic polymer mortar surface layer set on the outside of the vacuum insulation panel forms a reliable and effective protection for the vacuum insulation panel on the inside, thereby significantly improving the impact resistance, weather resistance and durability of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0046] Meanwhile, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 can support the direct penetration installation of the anchor bolts 9 while retaining the high thermal insulation performance of the vacuum insulation panel. This completely solves the problems of easy damage and easy failure of the insulation performance of traditional vacuum insulation panels. As a result, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is compatible with the conventional anchoring construction process of building exterior walls, ensuring the long-term stable thermal insulation and energy-saving effect and structural safety performance of the composite insulation wall, and thus meeting the long-term safe service of building exterior walls.

[0047] The inner wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is bonded to the outer wall of the base wall 1 by the bonding mortar layer 6.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bonding mortar layer 6 is made of polymer cement mortar material. Polymer cement mortar is an existing mature material for building insulation engineering. The component ratio, mixing process and construction parameters are all existing known technologies, which have been disclosed and clearly defined by current industry standards and are well known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the specific ratio and preparation process will not be described in detail here.

[0049] In this embodiment, the adhesive mortar layer 6 is uniformly applied to the interface between the base wall 1 and the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2, forming a continuous, uniform, and firm adhesive transition layer. This layer works in conjunction with the anchoring structure to construct a reliable adhesive-anchored fixing system, thereby effectively improving the overall fit and installation firmness of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and ensuring the long-term stability and durability of the overall external wall insulation structure.

[0050] A leveling mortar layer 7 is provided on the inner wall of the base wall 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, if the inner surface of the base wall 1, which serves as the structural foundation, has construction defects such as local unevenness, flatness deviation, micro-holes, and roughness, a leveling mortar layer 7 is applied to the inner surface of the base wall 1. This effectively corrects the dimensional deviations of the base wall 1, constructs a flat, dense, and regular interior wall base interface, and effectively avoids quality problems such as uneven thickness, hollow cracking, and poor adhesion during subsequent processing. This ensures the flatness, regularity, and service stability of the entire wall structure.

[0052] The protective layer 3 is made of waterproof plaster and fiberglass mesh set in the waterproof plaster, which gives it waterproof, crack-resistant, impact-resistant and weather-resistant protection functions, and provides comprehensive protection for the inner reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2.

[0053] The waterproof plastering mortar uses a modified polymer cement mortar system, which is mainly composed of cement-based cementitious materials, high molecular polymer materials, functional fillers and special additives (its composition, component ratio, mixing process, etc. are all existing technologies and will not be detailed here). It can tightly wrap the internal fiberglass mesh, ensuring the overall continuity and sealing of the protective surface layer, thereby significantly improving the overall waterproof, weather-resistant and durable performance of the external wall insulation system.

[0054] Meanwhile, the fiberglass mesh is an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh fabric with a polymer coating on its surface. It is a traditional reinforcing substrate for external wall insulation systems and can maintain the stability of the mechanical properties of the mesh structure for a long time, thereby greatly improving the structural integrity and external surface protection performance of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2.

[0055] Regarding the thickness control of the protective layer 3, its effective thickness after construction is preferably controlled between 3mm and 5mm. This thickness range ensures that the protective layer 3 has sufficient waterproof and seepage-proof capabilities, structural strength, and protective layer thickness, while avoiding problems such as drying shrinkage cracking, excessive self-weight, and decreased thermal insulation performance caused by excessively thick adhesive. At the same time, it prevents defects such as insufficient protective strength, exposed mesh, and waterproof failure caused by excessively thin adhesive. This allows the thickness, rigidity, and deformation performance of the protective layer 3 to achieve optimal matching, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability and performance balance of the invention, and thus meeting the comprehensive requirements for long-term fire prevention, thermal insulation, waterproofing, and crack resistance of building exterior walls.

[0056] The vacuum insulation panel has a thermal conductivity of 0.0077 W / (m·K), a tensile strength perpendicular to the panel surface of 0.10 MPa, a puncture strength of 23 N, an expansion rate perpendicular to the panel surface after puncture of 8%, a surface water absorption of 88 g / m², and a combustion performance rating of Class A.

[0057] Vacuum insulation panel performance test: Ninety standard vacuum insulation panels were used as test objects. All samples were conditioned for 24 hours in a standard test environment (temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%) before testing. The testing process strictly followed current national and industry standards such as JG / T 438-2014 "Vacuum Insulation Panels for Buildings" and GB 8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products". The test results are shown in the table below:

[0058] In this embodiment, the vacuum insulation board has an extremely low thermal conductivity, which is the core key to the excellent energy-saving effect of the external wall insulation system. Therefore, even after the outer side is covered with inorganic protective materials such as inorganic polymer mortar, its overall thermal performance is still significantly better than traditional organic insulation materials such as rock wool, extruded polystyrene board, and polystyrene board, which significantly improves the thermal insulation efficiency.

[0059] Compared to traditional external wall insulation systems, this invention relies on the ultra-thin and high-efficiency insulation characteristics of vacuum insulation panels. Under the premise of meeting the current national building energy-saving insulation standards, it can effectively reduce the overall structural thickness of the external wall insulation system, significantly reduce the building wall space occupied by the insulation structure, and thus significantly improve the usable area and space utilization rate of the building.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth set on the inside of the vacuum insulation panel, and a hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh set on the outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0062] In this embodiment, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 adopts a reinforced vacuum insulation composite outer template, which is an integrated component adapted to cast-in-place concrete walls. It uses a vacuum insulation panel as the core insulation material and relies on inorganic polymer mortar to achieve overall surface protection. The inner side of the core material is reinforced with inorganic polymer mortar composite fiberglass mesh to form a fine crack-resistant reinforcing layer, which effectively adapts to the concrete casting interface and avoids the problem of cracking and delamination of the inner surface layer. The outer side of the core material is reinforced with inorganic polymer mortar composite hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh, which significantly improves the impact resistance, load resistance and weather protection of the outer side of the panel. Thus, the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 can have both high-efficiency thermal insulation performance and excellent structural integrity and mechanical stability.

[0063] Compared to the traditional post-attached insulation construction process, the external formwork adopts an integrated construction method that is poured simultaneously with the concrete wall. During construction, it can be directly used as the permanent formwork on the outer side of the base wall 1, simultaneously undertaking the dual functions of formwork support and thermal insulation of the building's exterior wall. This eliminates many processes such as base treatment, board pasting, and anchoring reinforcement required in the later stages of traditional exterior wall insulation, greatly simplifying the construction process and shortening the construction cycle. As a result, it achieves the overall synergistic molding of the wall structure and the insulation layer, significantly improving the construction quality and overall durability of the exterior wall insulation system.

[0064] To ensure the strong connection between the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and the base wall 1 after casting, this embodiment uses commercially available standard-sized connectors 10 as fasteners. The connector 10 is made of nylon or a nylon-metal composite material, possessing characteristics of corrosion resistance, aging resistance, high strength, and strong adaptability. It consists of a pressure-bearing disc, anchoring rods, and barbs or ram's horn-type anchoring structures on the anchoring rods.

[0065] During construction, the connector 10 can reliably penetrate the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and anchor it inside the base wall 1. The mechanical anchoring method achieves precise positioning and firm connection between the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and the base wall 1, thereby effectively resisting the effects of temperature stress, negative wind pressure and self-weight load, and thus ensuring the overall stability and long-term safe service performance of the cast-in-place integrated thermal insulation wall structure.

[0066] The inner wall of the protective layer 3 is bonded to the outer wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 by the thermal insulation slurry layer 8.

[0067] In this embodiment, the thermal insulation slurry layer 8 is prepared using a polystyrene granule thermal insulation slurry (the composition, proportion and mixing process of which are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here).

[0068] The thermal insulation mortar layer 8 has a dry apparent density of 329 kg / m³, a compressive strength of 0.35 MPa, a softening coefficient of 0.69, a thermal conductivity of 0.078 W / (m·K), a linear shrinkage rate of 0.27%, a tensile bond strength of 0.13 MPa, and a fire performance rating of Class A.

[0069] Performance testing of thermal insulation mortar layer: All samples were conditioned for 24 hours in a standard test environment (temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%) before testing. The testing process strictly followed the current national and industry standards, including GB / T 5486-2008 "Test Methods for Inorganic Rigid Thermal Insulation Products", GB / T 20473-2021 "Building Thermal Insulation Mortar", GB / T 10294-2008 "Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials - Protective Hot Plate Method", GB 8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", JCJ / T 70-2009 "Standard for Basic Performance Test Methods of Building Mortar", and JC / T 158-2013 "Materials for Exterior Wall Insulation System of Adhesive Powder Polystyrene Particles". The test results are shown in the table below.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that: The preparation method of the surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel, based on the above-mentioned surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel, specifically includes the following steps: S1. Pre-clean and organize the molding template frame of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel.

[0072] In this embodiment, before carrying out the sheet forming preparation operation, a comprehensive and standardized pretreatment inspection and cleaning operation is required for the forming template frame to provide a qualified forming foundation for the subsequent pouring, forming, and curing of the sheet. Specifically, the internal space of the forming template frame needs to be thoroughly cleaned to ensure that it is clean, free of debris, and free of protrusions and depressions, thereby avoiding defects such as unevenness and dimensional deviations on the surface of the formed sheet.

[0073] In addition, a comprehensive sealing check of the molding template frame is required to ensure its overall sealing is intact, thereby effectively guaranteeing the dimensional accuracy, structural integrity, and stable and controllable process of the formed sheet.

[0074] S2. Place the molded template frame horizontally and evenly apply a layer of inorganic polymer mortar to the bottom inside.

[0075] S3. After the mortar has been spread and leveled, lay alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh in the uncured mortar layer. Then, cover the surface of the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh with another thin layer of inorganic polymer mortar, and make sure the mortar completely covers the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh.

[0076] In this embodiment, the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh is used as a key reinforcement in the protective layer 3. Its laying requires strict assurance of flat laying, precise alignment, and tight adhesion, so that the mesh is completely and tightly adhered to the surface of the underlying mortar. At the same time, after the mesh is laid, a thin layer of mortar is applied on top. During the construction process, it is necessary to ensure that the mortar fully wets and penetrates all the mesh gaps of the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh, so that the mortar can cover the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh in all directions without dead angles, thereby achieving deep integration and integrated curing of the fiberglass mesh and the mortar matrix.

[0077] S4. Allow the bottom mortar prepared in step S3 to stand and set initially. After it has a stable load-bearing capacity, place the vacuum insulation board flat on the surface of the bottom mortar, and leave a 5cm covering allowance between the vacuum insulation board and the inner wall of the forming template frame, as well as between adjacent vacuum insulation boards.

[0078] In this embodiment, by reserving a reasonable allowance for covering the edge of the vacuum insulation board, the mortar material can fully and completely cover the side ends and edge joints of the vacuum insulation board during the subsequent inorganic polymer mortar pouring and covering construction, thus achieving a seamless and fully covered sealing covering of the sides of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite board 2.

[0079] Moreover, through the rational setting of the covering allowance, the joints between each panel can be completely filled and sealed by inorganic polymer mortar, so that the single panel of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 and the overall structure form a continuous and sealed thermal insulation structure system. This significantly improves the sealing integrity and thermal insulation continuity of the side of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2, effectively avoiding engineering problems such as local thermal performance degradation, water seepage and air leakage, and thus comprehensively ensuring and improving the overall sealing performance, thermal insulation performance and structural durability of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2.

[0080] S5. After the vacuum insulation board is positioned and fixed, continuously and evenly pour inorganic polymer mortar into the forming template frame until the mortar completely covers the upper surface of the vacuum insulation board.

[0081] In this embodiment, an inorganic polymer mortar casting process with uniform speed spreading and slight vibration is adopted, which allows the mortar to flow fully, penetrate and orderly fill the tiny gaps at the bottom of the vacuum insulation board, achieving full-area filling and compaction without dead corners. This effectively removes air trapped inside the mortar, ensuring the uniform density and continuous integrity of the overall structure after the inorganic polymer mortar has cured. This, in turn, allows the mortar and the vacuum insulation board to form a highly integrated composite structure, providing stable structural strength, sealing and protection performance and continuous thermal insulation performance for the reinforced vacuum insulation composite board 2. This ensures the stable quality and uniform and reliable performance of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite board 2 after molding.

[0082] S6. After the intermediate mortar filled in step S5 has initially set and solidified, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh is fully laid on its surface. Then, inorganic polymer mortar is scraped and spread again on the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh, so that the upper surface of the mortar is completely flush with the top surface of the formed template frame.

[0083] In this embodiment, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh and hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh serve as key reinforcing skeleton materials within the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2. Their installation requires ensuring precise alignment of the edges of the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh and hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh with the forming template frame, maintaining neat boundaries. Strictly prohibiting non-standard working conditions such as misalignment, locking, or over-molding is strictly prohibited. Simultaneously, ensuring a smooth and even overall installation with properly compacted edges, free from defects such as curling, folding, or bulging, allows the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh and hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh to completely and continuously cover the effective protective area of ​​the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2. This effectively improves the crack resistance, impact resistance, and surface forming quality of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2.

[0084] S7. Place the whole board prepared in step S6 in a normal temperature environment for natural curing, so that the inorganic polymer mortar inside the molding template frame can be fully cured, and a blank of a fully formed and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board can be obtained.

[0085] In this embodiment, the entire natural curing process needs to be carried out in a normal temperature, clean, and well-ventilated working environment, and the ambient temperature and relative humidity need to be kept within a stable and reasonable range to avoid quality defects such as cracking, sanding, hollowing, deformation and warping, and poor interface adhesion caused by large fluctuations in temperature and humidity.

[0086] S8. After the board has been cured and the structural strength meets the demolding requirements, remove the molding template frame to take out the board, and finally obtain a complete and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board.

[0087] Performance testing of reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel 2 All samples were conditioned for 24 hours in a standard test environment (temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%) before testing. The testing process strictly followed the current national and industry standards, including JGJ 144-2019 "Technical Standard for External Wall Insulation Engineering", JG / T 480-2015 "General Technical Requirements for External Wall Insulation Composite Boards", JG / T 159-2004 "Internal Wall Insulation Boards", and GB / T 19631-2005 "Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Lightweight Porous Partition Wall Panels". The test results are shown in the table below.

[0088] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system, characterized in that, The thermal resistance of the exterior wall fireproof insulation system is 3.43 (㎡·K) / W, the water vapor permeability density is 0.99 g / (㎡·h), the water absorption is 399 g / ㎡, and the tensile bond strength of the system is 0.11 MPa. The fireproof and heat-insulating system of the exterior wall includes a base wall (1), a reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2), a protective layer (3), and a decorative coating layer (4) stacked from the inside out. The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) is fixed to the outside of the base wall (1) by fasteners, and the inside of the base wall (1) is provided with a plaster layer (5). The surface density of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) is 28 kg / m², the flexural load is 2833 N, and the tensile bond strength is 0.12 to 0.13 MPa.

2. The external wall fireproof insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, and an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh fabric set on the inside and outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

3. The external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) is bonded to the outer wall of the base wall (1) by a bonding mortar layer (6).

4. The external wall fireproof insulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A leveling mortar layer (7) is provided on the inner wall of the base wall (1).

5. The external wall fireproof insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) is made of a vacuum insulation panel, an inorganic polymer mortar covering the outside of the vacuum insulation panel, an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth set on the inside of the vacuum insulation panel, and a hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh set on the outside of the vacuum insulation panel.

6. The external wall fireproof insulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the protective layer (3) is bonded to the outer wall of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel (2) by a thermal insulation slurry layer (8).

7. The external wall fireproof insulation system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The protective layer (3) is made of waterproof plaster and fiberglass mesh set in the waterproof plaster.

8. The external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that, The vacuum insulation panel has a thermal conductivity of 0.0077 W / (m·K), a tensile strength perpendicular to the panel surface of 0.10 MPa, a puncture strength of 23 N, an expansion rate perpendicular to the panel surface after puncture of 8%, a surface water absorption of 88 g / m², and a combustion performance rating of Class A.

9. The external wall fireproof and thermal insulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dry apparent density of the thermal insulation mortar layer is 329 kg / m³, the compressive strength is 0.35 MPa, the softening coefficient is 0.69, the thermal conductivity is 0.078 W / (m·K), the linear shrinkage rate is 0.27%, the tensile bond strength is 0.13 MPa, and the fire performance rating is Class A.

10. A method for preparing a reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel, characterized in that, The preparation method of the surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel based on any one of claims 1-9 specifically includes the following steps: S1. Pre-clean and organize the molding template frame of the reinforced vacuum insulation composite panel; S2. Place the molded template frame horizontally and evenly apply a layer of inorganic polymer mortar to the bottom inside it. S3. After the mortar is laid flat, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh is fully laid inside the uncured mortar layer. Then, a thin layer of inorganic polymer mortar is applied to the surface of the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh, and the mortar completely covers the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh. S4. After the bottom mortar prepared in step S3 has been initially set and shaped, and has a stable load-bearing capacity, the vacuum insulation board is placed flat on the surface of the bottom mortar, and a 5cm covering allowance is reserved between the vacuum insulation board and the inner wall of the forming template frame, and between adjacent vacuum insulation boards. S5. After the vacuum insulation board is positioned and fixed, continuously and evenly pour inorganic polymer mortar into the forming template frame until the mortar completely covers the upper surface of the vacuum insulation board. S6. After the intermediate mortar filled in step S5 has initially set and solidified, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh is fully laid on its surface, and inorganic polymer mortar is scraped and spread again on the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh or hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh, so that the upper surface of the mortar is completely flush with the top surface of the formed template frame. S7. Place the whole board prepared in step S6 in a room temperature environment for natural curing, so that the inorganic polymer mortar inside the molding template frame can be fully cured, and obtain a blank of a fully formed and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board. S8. After the board has been cured and the structural strength meets the demolding requirements, remove the molding template frame to take out the board, and finally obtain a complete and qualified surface-reinforced vacuum insulation composite board.

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