Modified PVC intelligent decorative sheet based on internet of things and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a modified PVC intelligent decorative plate based on Internet of Things and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building decoration materials and smart home. The decorative plate comprises, from inside to outside, a structural support layer, a water cavity layer, a heat insulation layer, a circuit layout layer and a cover plate. Through the cooperative design of the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer, the application realizes the unity of water source function reuse, circuit water cooling and heat dissipation and layered precise fire extinguishing, and has the remarkable advantages of high function integration, fast response speed, precise fire extinguishing and convenient maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of building decoration materials and smart home technology, specifically to a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of smart home and green building technologies, building decoration materials are evolving from a single decorative function to a multi-functional and intelligent one. Modified PVC decorative panels, due to their advantages such as lightweight, high strength, weather resistance, flame retardancy, and good processing performance, have been widely used in interior wall decoration and ceiling systems.

[0003] Currently, the intelligentization of decorative panels mainly involves the following technical approaches.

[0004] The first type is the functionally integrated smart decorative panel. For example, Chinese patent CN212866473U discloses a smart integrated wall that integrates functional modules such as television, lighting, heating and cooling equipment, and air purification into the wall, and controls them uniformly through the Internet of Things. This type of solution achieves functional integration of the decorative wall, but its "intelligence" essentially uses the decorative panel as a carrier to install various household appliances. The decorative panel itself is merely a passive load-bearing substrate, lacking sensing and responsiveness capabilities, and it does not involve functional modification of the decorative panel material itself.

[0005] The second type is a decorative panel with a cavity structure. For example, Chinese patent CN116733184A discloses a building decoration panel structure in which a cavity is created within the panel, and connecting pipes and holes are provided to connect the panels to water pipes. The cavity is connected to the building's main fire-fighting water pipes via an inlet, and an outlet is provided on the surface of the panel. This outlet is normally sealed with a plug, but opens during a fire to spray water for extinguishing the fire. While this solution achieves fire-fighting functionality, it has significant shortcomings: the cavity water source is only used for fire-fighting backup and remains idle during normal times, resulting in extremely low utilization; the spraying method is a surface-wide spray, unable to distinguish between electrical fires and indoor fires, and cannot accurately locate the fire area, leading to slow response, high water consumption, and secondary water loss to non-fired areas. More importantly, in this solution, the water cavity exists only as an independent fire-fighting water source, with no coordination with the electrical system.

[0006] For example, Chinese patent CN102400526A discloses an indoor environmentally friendly temperature control decorative panel, which has a cavity inside the decorative panel and liquid is introduced for temperature regulation. However, the cavity has a single function, no fire extinguishing function, and does not involve circuit system integration control.

[0007] The third option is a combination of fire sprinkler heads and decorative panels. Chinese patent CN212187564U discloses a fire sprinkler head with an adjustable spray range, which changes the spray range through an adjustment mechanism. However, it is only an independent fire sprinkler head module, separate from the decorative panel body, and does not achieve integrated integration with the decorative panel structure. Furthermore, the sprinkler head can only spray into the indoor space and cannot target and extinguish fires caused by wiring inside the decorative panel.

[0008] Based on existing technologies, the following technical defects exist.

[0009] First, the cavity has a single function and low space utilization. Existing decorative panels with cavities either use the cavity only for temperature control or fire protection, failing to realize multiple functions of the same space and resulting in a waste of building space and material resources.

[0010] Secondly, the circuit system and the decorative panel are not deeply integrated. The circuit systems of existing smart decorative panels are mostly external or pre-embedded, which not only affects the aesthetics but also makes maintenance difficult and prevents convenient inspection and upgrades.

[0011] Third, the problem of heat dissipation in the circuit is prominent. The lack of effective heat dissipation measures after integrating electronic components into the decorative panel leads to a shortened circuit life and a decrease in system reliability.

[0012] Fourth, the water cavity layer and the circuit layer are independent and lack coordination. In existing technologies, there is no physical or functional coordination between the water cavity layer and the circuit layer. The cooling and fire-fighting functions of the water cavity layer are unrelated to the operating status of the circuit layer, and it cannot provide differentiated heat dissipation support and fire extinguishing response according to the actual needs of the circuit layer.

[0013] Fifth, the fire response methods are crude and slow. Existing solutions mostly use a monolithic spraying method, requiring the extinguishing agent to travel a long path from the surface of the decorative panel to reach the ignition point, resulting in a significant response delay and making it impossible to accurately locate and extinguish the fire in a specific area. More importantly, current technology cannot distinguish between electrical fires and indoor space fires, and cannot adopt differentiated firefighting strategies for different fire types.

[0014] Sixth, post-fire maintenance is difficult. In existing solutions, fire protection pipes and electrical systems are mostly buried inside the decorative panels. After a fire, the main body of the decorative panels needs to be destroyed for maintenance, resulting in high maintenance costs and long cycles.

[0015] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things and its control method. Summary of the Invention

[0016] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things and its control method, which is used to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0017] To achieve the above and other objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things is provided, which adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, consisting of, from the inside out: a structural support layer, a water cavity layer, a heat insulation layer, a circuit layout layer, and a cover plate.

[0019] The core of this invention lies in the deep collaborative design between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer. This collaboration includes the following four levels.

[0020] First, the physical structure is coordinated. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipes run longitudinally through the water cavity layer and the thermal insulation layer and the circuit layout layer, establishing a direct fire extinguishing medium delivery channel between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer. This physical connection minimizes the transmission path of the fire extinguishing medium from the water source to the ignition point, eliminating any intermediate obstacles and providing the structural foundation for achieving a rapid response of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0021] Secondly, functional synergy. Under normal conditions, the water source in the water cavity layer conducts heat to the circuit layout layer through the thermal insulation layer, solving the heat dissipation problem after circuit integration. In the event of a fire, the same water source is directly sprayed to the point of ignition of the circuit through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipes and lateral nozzles, achieving targeted fire suppression. The dual functions of daily heat dissipation and emergency fire suppression achieved by the same water source and the same piping system are the core manifestation of the functional synergy between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer.

[0022] Third, coordinated response. Temperature and smoke sensor arrays deployed within the circuit layout layer monitor the status of each circuit zone in real time. Once a fire signal is detected, the control circuit immediately determines the fire zone using a positioning algorithm and selectively opens the corresponding side nozzles. The sensors complete signal acquisition within the circuit layout layer, the control circuit completes decision-making within the circuit layout layer, and the side nozzles complete the spraying of extinguishing agents within the circuit layout layer—the entire response closed loop is completed within the circuit layout layer, without the need for relay through external systems, ensuring a response time of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0023] Fourth, collaborative maintenance. The cover is detachable, allowing for easy inspection and maintenance of the circuitry and conduits within the circuit layout layer after a fire, without damaging the main structure of the decorative panel. This significantly reduces post-fire maintenance costs and timelines.

[0024] The following provides a detailed description of the structure and synergistic relationships of each layer of this invention.

[0025] Layer structure design

[0026] Structural support layer

[0027] The structural support layer, located on the innermost side of the decorative panel, is used for fixed connection to the building wall. It is made of modified PVC composite material, possessing sufficient mechanical strength and dimensional stability. The modified PVC composite material formulation, by weight, includes: 100 parts PVC resin, 10 to 25 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 5 to 15 parts elastomer toughening agent, 2 to 5 parts stabilizer, and 3 to 8 parts flame retardant. The back of the structural support layer has mounting clips or screw holes for easy on-site assembly. The thickness of the structural support layer is 3 to 8 mm.

[0028] Water cavity layer

[0029] The water cavity layer is located outside the structural support layer. It is a closed or circulating cavity structure that stores or circulates water inside.

[0030] The independent functions of the water cavity layer include the following aspects.

[0031] Firstly, it provides daily cooling. Water's high specific heat capacity absorbs indoor heat, lowering the surface temperature of the decorative panels and reducing air conditioning energy consumption. Water has a specific heat capacity of approximately 4.2 kJ / (kg·K), giving it excellent heat storage capabilities.

[0032] Secondly, it provides sound insulation and noise reduction. The water layer has a good blocking effect on sound waves. The acoustic impedance of water is about 3600 times that of air, which effectively improves the sound insulation of the wall.

[0033] Thirdly, fire water storage. The water chamber layer stores fire water under normal circumstances, serving as a distributed micro fire water source to provide extinguishing medium in the event of a fire.

[0034] Fourth, active temperature regulation. In conjunction with an IoT temperature control system, dynamic temperature management can be achieved through active water circulation and replacement.

[0035] Fifth, antifreeze management. During cold seasons, the water chamber can be drained or environmentally friendly antifreeze media can be added to ensure reliable system operation.

[0036] The inner wall of the water cavity layer is coated with a hydrophobic layer to prevent water molecules from penetrating to adjacent layers. The water cavity layer has inlet and outlet ports for connection to the building's water supply network or circulating pump system. The water cavity layer also includes water level and water quality sensors for real-time monitoring and dynamic management of the water source.

[0037] Thermal insulation layer

[0038] A thermal insulation layer, located between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer, is made of a composite material with electrical insulation and thermal conductivity regulation functions. The thermal insulation layer is a multi-layered composite structure, including an insulating base layer and thermally conductive fillers dispersed within it. The insulating base layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene or polyimide foam material, with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a volume resistivity ≥10¹. 4Ω·cm. The thermally conductive filler is selected from at least one of boron nitride and aluminum oxide, so that the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer is 0.5 to 2.0 W / (m·K), realizing controllable heat conduction between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer.

[0039] The thermal insulation layer has the following functions: preventing water vapor from the water cavity layer from penetrating into the circuit layout layer, ensuring circuit safety; allowing the cold energy of the water cavity layer to be conducted to the circuit layout layer, realizing water cooling heat dissipation; and forming electrical isolation between the water cavity layer and the circuit layer to prevent leakage accidents.

[0040] Circuit layout layer

[0041] The circuit layout layer is located outside the heat insulation layer and is the outermost functional layer, used to lay out the intelligent control circuit system.

[0042] The independent functions of the circuit layout layer include the following aspects.

[0043] Firstly, the circuit system is integrated. The surface of the circuit layout layer has pre-formed grooves, with a depth of 3 to 10 mm and a width of 5 to 20 mm. The circuit system arranged in the circuit layout layer includes control circuits, sensing circuits, communication circuits, power supply circuits, and drive circuits. The control circuit uses a low-power microcontroller responsible for data processing, logic judgment, and control command output. The sensing circuit connects to embedded sensors, including temperature sensors, smoke sensors, CO sensors, water level sensors, water quality sensors, and flame sensors. The communication circuit supports at least one communication protocol among WiFi, ZigBee, BLE, and RS485, and connects to IoT gateways and cloud platforms. The power supply circuit uses DC low-voltage power and is equipped with a backup battery, allowing for continuous operation for more than 72 hours after a power outage. The drive circuit drives actuators such as solenoid valves and circulating water pumps. The functional circuits are arranged in separate zones within the circuit layout grooves and electrically interconnected via flexible cabling or flexible printed circuit boards.

[0044] Secondly, the circuitry is aesthetically pleasing. All circuit components and cables are neatly arranged within the slots, with the surface covered by a cover plate, achieving a concealed aesthetic for the circuit system and preventing exposed cables from affecting the decorative effect.

[0045] Thirdly, maintenance is convenient. The cover is a detachable installation structure. When it is necessary to inspect, repair, upgrade or replace the circuit, simply remove the cover to operate directly without damaging the main structure of the decorative panel, which greatly reduces maintenance costs and difficulty.

[0046] Temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays are arranged in the circuit layout layer, with a sensor spacing of no more than 10cm. They are used to collect temperature data and smoke concentration data of each circuit zone and transmit the data to the control circuit for fire point location judgment.

[0047] cover plate

[0048] The cover plate is snapped onto the outside of the circuit layout layer, covering the circuit layout slot, and is a detachable installation structure. The cover plate and the circuit layout layer are detachably connected via a snap-fit ​​structure, a magnetic structure, or a screw structure.

[0049] The cover plate has the following functions: the surface of the cover plate can be textured, colored, and patterned to match the overall decorative style, serving a decorative and beautifying purpose; it seals the circuit layout grooves to prevent dust, moisture intrusion, and external damage, thus protecting the circuit; by simply lifting the cover plate, the circuit can be inspected, repaired, upgraded, or replaced without damaging the main structure of the decorative panel, providing convenient maintenance; the cover plate has reserved positions for fire sprinkler holes, which appear as decorative holes in normal conditions, without affecting the aesthetics.

[0050] Penetration structure and sealing design of fire extinguishing nozzle pipes

[0051] The fire extinguishing nozzle pipes extend from the water cavity layer and longitudinally penetrate the heat insulation layer and the circuit board layer. The main body of the pipe is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, preferably 316L stainless steel or copper alloy, with an inner diameter of 4 to 10 mm.

[0052] Fire sprinkler pipes must penetrate the electrical wiring layer, meaning the pipes must be located inside the electrical wiring layer, rather than simply having nozzles on the surface of the decorative panels. The core significance of this design is that the pipes run directly from the water cavity layer to the electrical wiring layer, allowing the extinguishing medium to reach the area of ​​the burning circuit without needing to take an extra path, with a spray delay of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0053] The fire extinguishing sprinkler pipes have multiple lateral nozzles on the outer perimeter of the pipes located in the circuit layout layer section. The lateral nozzles are distributed in a ring or spiral pattern on the pipe wall, and the spray direction of each lateral nozzle is towards a different circuit area within the circuit layout layer. Each pipe has 4 to 8 lateral nozzles, with an orifice diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm and a spray angle of 15° to 45°. Each lateral nozzle corresponds to a circuit section within the circuit layout layer.

[0054] The core function of the side nozzles is for targeted fire suppression of electrical circuit fires. When a fire occurs in a specific circuit zone within the circuit layout layer, the control circuit uses a sensor array to locate the fire zone and selectively activates the corresponding side nozzle. The extinguishing agent is then sprayed directly from the water chamber layer through a through-pipe into the side nozzle area, achieving immediate and precise fire suppression of the electrical circuit fire. The side nozzles do not spray into the indoor space, ensuring that the extinguishing agent acts entirely on the fire zone, minimizing water consumption and secondary damage.

[0055] The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe is equipped with a straight nozzle at its end. The straight nozzle is located at the end of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe, on the surface of the cover plate, and sprays towards the indoor space. The diameter of the straight nozzle is 3 to 8 mm.

[0056] The core function of the direct-flow nozzle is for extinguishing fires in indoor spaces. When a fire in the electrical wiring is not completely extinguished and the fire spreads into the indoor space, the control circuit opens the direct-flow nozzle, spraying the extinguishing medium from the water source in the water chamber layer into the indoor space through the through pipe, thereby extinguishing the fire in the indoor space.

[0057] The side nozzles and direct nozzles are each equipped with independently controlled electronic valves, and all nozzles are independently controlled by the control circuit. The control circuit independently controls the opening and closing of the side nozzles and direct nozzles according to the fire type and fire range, realizing a layered and precise fire suppression strategy.

[0058] Sealing treatment of through holes

[0059] Because fire extinguishing nozzle pipes need to penetrate longitudinally through the thermal insulation layer and the electrical layout layer, a sealing treatment is required at the interface between the penetration hole and the pipe to prevent water or moisture from the water cavity layer from leaking along the outer wall of the pipe to the electrical layout layer, thus ensuring the electrical safety of the electrical system. This invention employs conventional penetration sealing methods in the art at the interfaces where the pipe penetrates each layer.

[0060] In the field of building and decoration engineering, mature technical solutions exist for sealing the interface when pipes penetrate multi-story structures. For example, Chinese Patent CN222848815U discloses a pipe penetration floor slab decorative device, which sets left and right decorative rings on the outside of the pipe. A combination structure of a connecting plate, rubber gasket, and sealing gasket achieves sealing at the pipe penetration point. The sealing gasket is tightened by a threaded connection between a connecting rod and a joint rod, improving the sealing performance. This solution is similar to the pipe penetration decorative panel structure of this invention, and its sealing principle can be referenced.

[0061] For example, the concealed dry-hanging decorative panel disclosed in Chinese Patent CN201236399Y achieves waterproof sealing at the joints of the decorative panels by filling the grooves of the pressure strips with silicone sealant. This solution also involves sealing treatment of the decorative panel layer, providing a technical reference for sealing between the interfaces of each layer in this invention.

[0062] In the field of fireproof sealing, the national standard GB / T51410-2020, "Technical Standard for Fireproof Sealing Application in Buildings," provides detailed regulations for fireproof sealing of pipe penetrations. According to Section 5.2 of this standard, when a pipe penetrates a structure, different fireproof sealing measures must be selected based on factors such as pipe type, pipe diameter, type of structure penetrated, and size of the annular gap. When using mineral wool as the backing material, it must be compressed and its density should not be less than 100 kg / m³. Flexible organic sealing material, foam sealing material, or fire-resistant sealant must be used to completely fill the gaps on top of the mineral wool. The standard also stipulates that at the connection between the fireproof sealing board and the penetrating structure, appropriate organic fireproof sealing materials should be used for sealing, depending on the type of penetrating structure and the elasticity and expansion requirements of the sealing area. These mature standard practices provide technical support for the penetration sealing of this invention.

[0063] In addition, pipe decorative caps (also known as retainers, decorative rings, wall-penetrating caps, or water-stop rings) are widely used conventional products at the points where building water supply and drainage pipes penetrate walls and floors. These products form a compression seal with the outer wall of the pipe through a sealing ring or sealing ring, providing sealing and protection for the perforations between the pipe and the ground or wall in wall-penetrating pipes. They are mostly made of high-quality plastic and feature a snap-fit ​​design for quick installation. This technical principle also applies to the pipe penetration sealing of this invention.

[0064] Based on the aforementioned existing technologies and standards, the present invention employs the following conventional sealing methods at the interfaces where the pipeline penetrates each layer.

[0065] At the penetration point where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe passes through the heat insulation layer, an annular sealing ring is installed between the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the penetration point. The annular sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove on the inner wall of the penetration point, and the inner peripheral wall of the annular sealing ring is interference-fitted with the outer peripheral wall of the pipe to form a radial compression seal. The annular sealing ring is made of a high-temperature resistant elastomer material, preferably fluororubber or silicone rubber, with a long-term temperature resistance range of -40℃ to 200℃, ensuring that it can maintain its sealing performance even in high-temperature fire environments. At least two annular sealing rings are used, spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the pipe to form multiple sealing barriers.

[0066] At the point where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe passes through the through hole of the circuit board layer, a sealing sleeve is installed between the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the through hole. The sealing sleeve is made of heat-shrink tubing or engineering plastic with good insulation properties, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing. After the pipe is installed, the sealing sleeve achieves a tight fit with the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the through hole through heat shrinkage, forming a sealing layer. The sealing sleeve has both sealing and insulation functions. In addition, an insulating sealant layer is filled in the gap between the sealing sleeve and the inner wall of the through hole of the circuit board layer. The insulating sealant layer is formed by curing insulating sealant, which is selected from at least one of epoxy resin sealant, silicone sealant, or polyurethane sealant.

[0067] A pipe connector and a sealing gasket are installed at the connection between the inlet end of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe and the water cavity layer. The pipe connector is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water cavity layer, and the pipe inlet end is connected to the pipe connector via a threaded connection or a flange. The sealing gasket, made of polytetrafluoroethylene or spiral wound metal, is placed between the pipe connector and the end face of the pipe inlet end to ensure that water in the water cavity layer does not leak from the pipe connection.

[0068] Through the aforementioned through-sealing structure, the fire extinguishing nozzle pipes form a reliable seal at each interface where they longitudinally penetrate the thermal insulation layer and the circuit layout layer, effectively preventing water or moisture from the water cavity layer from leaking into the circuit layout layer and ensuring the long-term safe operation of the circuit system.

[0069] The collaborative mechanism between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer

[0070] The core of this invention lies in the bidirectional collaborative relationship between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer. Unlike the existing technology where the water cavity is only used for fire protection backup or only for temperature control, this invention constructs a dual mechanism of "normal collaboration" and "emergency collaboration".

[0071] Collaboration Mechanism 1: Active water cooling of the circuit layout layer by the water cavity layer (normal collaboration)

[0072] Under normal use, the water source in the water cavity layer conducts heat to the circuit layout layer through the heat insulation layer to cool it down.

[0073] Its working principle is as follows: the electronic components in the circuit layout layer generate heat, which is conducted to the water cavity layer through the heat insulation layer. The water in the water cavity layer absorbs the heat, and the water circulation carries away the heat.

[0074] Theoretical calculations show that by using the active water cooling solution of this invention, the temperature of the circuit layout layer can be reduced by 15 to 25°C compared to passive air cooling, significantly extending the service life of electronic components.

[0075] The cooling function is a direct effect of the water cavity layer on the circuit layout layer. The water source of the water cavity layer not only serves the cooling of the indoor environment, but also directly serves the heat dissipation needs of the circuit layout layer, realizing the functional coupling between the water cavity layer and the circuit layout layer.

[0076] Collaboration Mechanism Two: Fire extinguishing nozzles penetrate the circuit layout layer and are supplemented with side nozzles for targeted fire suppression (emergency coordination).

[0077] In the event of a fire, the fire extinguishing nozzle pipes penetrate from the water cavity layer through the circuit layout layer, and spray the fire onto the area where the circuit is on fire through the side nozzles on the outer perimeter of the pipes.

[0078] In existing fire protection solutions, the water source and electrical system within the decorative panel cavity are independent. Fire sprinklers spray water across the entire surface without distinguishing between areas on fire and unaffected areas, or between electrical fires and indoor fires. The response logic is: fire occurs, sensor triggering occurs, and water is sprayed across the entire panel surface.

[0079] The synergistic mechanism of this invention is completely different, specifically reflected in the following three aspects.

[0080] First, there is coordination in physical structure. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipes must run from the water cavity layer to the electrical layout layer, establishing a direct "source-target" channel between the water source in the water cavity layer and the electrical layout layer. This is not a simple pipe running through layers, but a deliberate physical connection between the water cavity layer and the electrical layout layer through through pipes, ensuring the shortest path for the extinguishing medium and the fastest response.

[0081] Secondly, there is functional synergy. The side nozzles are positioned in the section of the piping located within the circuit layout layer, allowing the extinguishing medium to be sprayed directly from the side of the burning circuit area. The core advantages of this design are: after determining the ignition point, the corresponding side nozzle sprays directly onto that circuit section without needing to pass through the surface of the decorative panels; compared to spraying from top to bottom, the side spray path is shorter, the target is more precise, and less water is used; it only sprays onto the burning area, without affecting unburned circuit areas or other decorative panels.

[0082] Third, there is coordination in the response logic. The sensor array within the circuit layout layer monitors the status of each circuit zone in real time. When the temperature or smoke in a certain zone is abnormal, the control circuit determines the location of the fire based on the sensor data and opens the corresponding side nozzles for that zone. The extinguishing medium is then sprayed from the water chamber layer through the through pipes from the side nozzles, achieving precise, targeted fire suppression in the first instance. Simultaneously, the control circuit continuously monitors indoor environmental parameters. When it determines that the fire has spread to the indoor space, it opens the direct nozzles to spray the extinguishing medium into the room, achieving seamless connection from circuit fire suppression to indoor fire suppression.

[0083] The technical benefits of this collaborative relationship include: the pipeline runs from the water cavity layer to the circuit layout layer with the shortest path and a spray delay of less than 0.5 seconds, far faster than existing top-down spraying solutions; the coordinates of the fire zone are calculated through a sensor array, and the corresponding lateral nozzles are selectively opened to achieve "extinguishing only the zone where the fire is"; spraying only onto the fire circuit zone without affecting unaffected circuit areas, and the water consumption is only 20% to 30% of the overall spraying; the lateral and vertical nozzles are independently controlled to achieve a layered fire suppression strategy, first extinguishing the fire on the circuit, and then spraying into the room after the fire spreads, avoiding premature water spraying into the room and causing unnecessary secondary damage; the detachable cover design makes post-fire circuit inspection and pipeline maintenance extremely convenient without damaging the main decorative panel.

[0084] Fire point identification and location methods

[0085] This invention employs a sensor array-based positioning algorithm to achieve accurate identification of the fire area.

[0086] Sensor layout

[0087] Temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays are deployed in different areas of the circuit layout layer. Each circuit partition has at least three temperature monitoring points, with a sensor spacing of no more than 10 cm. The data collected by the sensors includes: temperature values, temperature change rates, and smoke concentration values ​​for each partition of the circuit layout layer.

[0088] Fire point detection and location algorithm

[0089] The first step is real-time monitoring of multiple parameters. The control circuit collects temperature signals and smoke concentration signals from each sensor at a set frequency, preferably 100Hz.

[0090] The second step is temperature rise anomaly detection. The rate of temperature change per unit time is calculated for the temperature signal sequence collected by each sensor. A level one warning is triggered when the rate of temperature change of any sensor exceeds a first rate of change threshold. The preferred first rate of change threshold is 5℃ / s.

[0091] The third step is smoke concentration detection. When the smoke concentration sensor detects a value exceeding the first smoke threshold, a secondary warning is triggered. The first smoke threshold is preferably 0.5% obs / m.

[0092] Step 4: Fire Confirmation Determination. A circuit fire is confirmed when the following conditions are met: the temperature values ​​of at least two adjacent temperature sensors are ≥80℃ and last for more than 2 seconds, or the smoke concentration in the circuit zone is ≥2% obs / m and lasts for more than 2 seconds.

[0093] The fifth step is to accurately locate the fire coordinates. Based on the detection data from the temperature sensor array and smoke sensor array, the control circuit performs cross-correlation analysis on the temperature signals from each sensor in the array to calculate the signal propagation delay. Based on the delay difference and geometric relationships, it calculates the azimuth angle of the fire area. The center coordinates of the fire area are calculated using cross-positioning with the two sets of sensor arrays. These center coordinates are then compared with the partition coordinates of the circuit layout layer to determine the circuit partition to which the fire area belongs, and to identify the corresponding fire extinguishing nozzle pipes and side nozzle numbers.

[0094] Step 6: Selective opening of lateral nozzles. Based on the fire zone number, the control circuit controls the solenoid valve of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipeline corresponding to that zone to open, and at the same time only the lateral nozzles facing that zone are opened, so that the extinguishing medium is sprayed directly from the side of the pipeline to the fire circuit area.

[0095] Indoor fire identification method

[0096] After a fire is confirmed in the electrical circuit, the control circuit continuously monitors indoor environmental sensor data. When the indoor smoke concentration continues to rise above the indoor fire threshold, or the indoor temperature exceeds the indoor fire temperature threshold, it is determined that the fire has spread into the indoor space. The preferred indoor fire thresholds are a smoke concentration ≥3% obs / m³ for more than 5 seconds, or an indoor temperature ≥70℃ for more than 5 seconds.

[0097] When it is determined that the fire has spread to the indoor space, the control circuit opens the electrically controlled valve of the direct-flow nozzle. Water from the water chamber layer is then sprayed into the indoor space through the fire extinguishing nozzle pipes, achieving fire suppression within the indoor space. While the direct-flow nozzle is open, the side nozzles corresponding to the fire area remain open to continue targeted fire suppression in the affected area until the fire is completely extinguished.

[0098] Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent control system

[0099] This invention constructs a three-tiered IoT intelligent control architecture of "device-edge-cloud".

[0100] The terminal layer, or decorative panel body, contains a low-power microcontroller embedded in each smart decorative panel, connecting to various sensors and actuators. The microcontroller performs data acquisition, local preprocessing, and rapid response, with a local response latency of less than 100ms, ensuring immediate response in emergency situations.

[0101] The edge layer, or home or building gateway, connects multiple decorative panels within the same building via ZigBee or RS485 bus. The edge gateway aggregates operational data from each panel, enabling data fusion and collaborative control, such as unified scene mode switching and interlocking control.

[0102] At the cloud platform layer, the edge gateway uploads data to the cloud platform, where it performs big data storage, AI model training, and policy optimization. The optimized control policies are then distributed to edge nodes and terminal devices via OTA (Over-The-Air).

[0103] User interaction methods include: mobile APP supports remote monitoring, parameter setting, scene mode switching, and alarm push; voice control is integrated with mainstream smart speakers; and smart scene linkage is integrated with smart home systems.

[0104] Control methods

[0105] This invention provides a control method for modified PVC smart decorative panels based on the Internet of Things, comprising the following steps.

[0106] Step 1: Real-time acquisition of temperature and smoke concentration data for each circuit zone using temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays deployed on the circuit layout layer.

[0107] Step two: When the temperature change rate of any circuit partition exceeds the first change rate threshold, a level one warning is triggered, and water circulation is initiated to forcibly cool the circuit layout layer. The first change rate threshold is preferably 5℃ / s.

[0108] Step 3: When the smoke concentration in the circuit zone exceeds the first smoke threshold, a secondary warning is triggered, and the micro-spray mode is activated to form a moist protective layer in the circuit area through the side nozzles. The first smoke threshold is preferably 0.5% obs / m.

[0109] Step four: When the temperature of the circuit zone reaches the fire threshold or the smoke concentration of the circuit zone reaches the second smoke threshold, it is determined that the circuit fire is confirmed. The coordinates of the fire area are calculated through the sensor array data, and the fire extinguishing nozzle pipes and side nozzle numbers corresponding to the fire area are determined. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipes are opened at full pressure, and only the side nozzles corresponding to the fire area are opened. The water source of the water chamber layer is sprayed directly from the side nozzles to the fire circuit area through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipes, so as to achieve first-time fixed-point fire extinguishing with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0110] The method for calculating the coordinates of the fire area is as follows: Cross-correlation analysis is performed on the temperature signals from each sensor in the sensor array to calculate the signal propagation delay. Based on the delay difference and geometric relationships, the azimuth angle of the fire source is calculated. Two sets of sensor arrays are used for cross-positioning to calculate the center coordinates of the fire area. Then, the center coordinates are compared with the zone coordinates of the circuit layout layer to determine the fire zone. The conditions for confirming a circuit fire are: a circuit layout layer temperature ≥ 80℃ for more than 2 seconds, or a circuit zone smoke concentration ≥ 2% obs / m for more than 2 seconds.

[0111] Step 5: Once a fire is confirmed, if the indoor smoke concentration exceeds the indoor fire threshold or the indoor temperature exceeds the indoor fire temperature threshold, it is determined that the fire has spread to the indoor space. The control circuit opens the direct nozzles to spray extinguishing agents into the indoor space, thus extinguishing the fire. The indoor fire threshold is a smoke concentration ≥3% obs / m³ for more than 5 seconds, or an indoor temperature ≥70℃ for more than 5 seconds. Both the side nozzles and the direct nozzles are independently controlled by the control circuit to open and close, implementing a tiered fire suppression strategy based on the fire type and fire extent.

[0112] The control method also includes a health management step for decorative panels: a health rating model for each decorative panel is established based on accumulated operating data, and maintenance or replacement suggestions are pushed to the user when the rating is lower than the threshold.

[0113] Beneficial effects:

[0114] First, the water can be used for multiple purposes, and its functions can be reused. The water cavity layer simultaneously performs four functions: daily cooling, sound insulation, circuit heat dissipation, and fire water storage, significantly improving space utilization.

[0115] Secondly, water-cooled circuitry dissipates heat and extends lifespan. By utilizing a water cavity layer for active water cooling of the circuit layout layer, the temperature of the circuit layout layer can be reduced by 15 to 25°C compared to passive air cooling, extending the circuit lifespan by more than 50%.

[0116] Third, the side nozzles provide targeted fire suppression, ensuring precise extinguishing of electrical fires. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipes penetrate from the water cavity layer through the circuit layout layer, with the side nozzles directly acting on the circuit area. This achieves immediate and precise extinguishing of electrical fires, with a water spray delay of less than 0.5 seconds and water consumption of only 20% to 30% of the total spray volume, resulting in minimal secondary damage.

[0117] Fourth, a tiered fire suppression strategy using direct-fire nozzles is employed for indoor fire suppression. When the fire spreads into the indoor space, direct-fire nozzles spray extinguishing agents, achieving a seamless transition from electrical fire suppression to indoor fire suppression. Side nozzles are independently controlled from direct-fire nozzles to prevent premature water spraying and unnecessary secondary damage.

[0118] Fifth, circuit integration and convenient maintenance. The layout slots and removable cover design enable neat circuit arrangement and convenient maintenance, allowing for circuit maintenance and upgrades without damaging the main decorative panel.

[0119] Sixth, accurate fire point identification. Based on temperature field analysis and coordinate calculation using a sensor array.

[0120] Seventh, tiered response and intelligent prediction. Through a three-tiered early warning mechanism, targeted response measures are implemented at each stage of a fire, achieving a complete protection spectrum from prevention to firefighting.

[0121] Eighth, closed-loop control across the entire IoT chain. A three-tiered intelligent control architecture of "device-edge-cloud" has been constructed to achieve data-driven adaptive optimization and remote intelligent management. Attached Figure Description

[0122] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0123] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things provided by the present invention;

[0124] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the circuit layout layer in a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things provided by the present invention;

[0125] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a fire extinguishing nozzle pipe in a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things provided by the present invention;

[0126] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a control method for a modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things, provided by the present invention.

[0127] Markings: 1. Structural support layer; 2. Water cavity layer; 21. Water inlet; 22. Water outlet; 3. Thermal insulation layer; 4. Circuit layout layer; 41. Circuit layout groove; 5. Cover plate; 6. Fire extinguishing nozzle pipe; 61. Side nozzle; 62. Straight nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0128] The following description, in conjunction with the implementation of this invention, is merely an example and illustration of the concept of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the inventive concept or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0129] Example 1

[0130] A modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things is provided;

[0131] The structural support layer 1, with a thickness of 5 mm, is made of modified PVC composite material through extrusion molding. The modified PVC composite material formulation, by weight, is: 100 parts PVC resin, 20 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 10 parts CPE elastomer, 4 parts calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 5 parts antimony trioxide, and 1 part stearic acid lubricant. The above components are mixed in a high-speed mixer at 110°C for 15 minutes, cooled to 40°C, and then fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion within a temperature range of 170°C to 190°C. The mixture is then calendered into a sheet of the specified thickness using a three-roll calender. The back of the structural support layer 1 is equipped with mounting clips for fixed connection to the building wall.

[0132] Water cavity layer 2 is a closed cavity structure with a cavity height of 8mm. It is formed by hot-melt welding of two layers of modified PVC boards, each 2mm thick, with a water storage capacity of 2.5L. The inner wall of water cavity layer 2 is coated with a hydrophobic coating using a fluorosilane treatment layer. Specifically, a treatment solution is prepared by mixing heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a volume ratio of 1:9, sprayed onto the inner wall surface of water cavity layer 2 at a rate of 50mL / m², and dried and cured at 120℃ for 30 minutes to form a 5μm thick hydrophobic coating. Water cavity layer 2 is equipped with an inlet 21, an outlet 22, a water level sensor, and a water quality sensor. Both inlet 21 and outlet 22 have a diameter of DN15 and are connected to the building's water supply network via PPR hot-melt pipes. The water level sensor is a capacitive level sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±2mm, used for real-time monitoring of the water level within water cavity layer 2. The water quality sensor uses a TDS electrode type, with a measurement range of 0 to 1000 ppm, and is used to monitor the water quality in the water chamber layer 2 in real time. A solenoid valve is installed at the front end of the inlet 21, and a micro circulation pump is installed at the rear end of the outlet 22. Both the solenoid valve and the micro circulation pump are driven and controlled by the control circuit.

[0133] A thermal insulation layer 3, 3 mm thick, is disposed between the water cavity layer 2 and the circuit layout layer 4. It consists of cross-linked polyethylene foam as the insulating base layer, with hexagonal boron nitride powder, comprising 15% of the total volume, uniformly dispersed within as a thermally conductive filler. The average particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride powder is 5 μm. The thermal insulation layer 3 is prepared by mixing cross-linked polyethylene resin and boron nitride powder in a mixer at 120°C for 30 minutes, followed by molding and foaming at a expansion ratio of 5 times to form a closed-cell foam structure. The volume resistivity of the thermal insulation layer 3 is 5 × 10¹⁸. 4 The thermal conductivity is 0.8 W / (m·K), and the breakdown voltage is 15 kV / mm. The thermal insulation layer 3 has a 12 mm diameter through hole pre-drilled at the corresponding fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 penetration location.

[0134] The circuit layout layer 4 is 6mm thick and is injection molded from flame-retardant ABS, with a circuit layout groove 41 on its surface. The circuit layout groove 41 is 4mm deep and 10mm wide. The circuit system arranged in the circuit layout groove 41 includes control circuits, sensing circuits, communication circuits, power supply circuits, and drive circuits. The control circuit uses an STM32F103C8T6 low-power microcontroller as the core processor, with an operating frequency of 72MHz, responsible for data processing, logic judgment, and control command output. The sensing circuit connects to a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a CO sensor, a water level sensor, and a water quality sensor. The temperature sensor uses a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to 125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃. The smoke sensor uses an MQ-2 type smoke sensor with a detection concentration of 300 to 10000ppm. The communication circuit uses an ESP8266 WiFi module, supporting the IEEE 802.11b / g / n protocol, and connects to the IoT gateway and cloud platform. The power supply circuit uses DC24V and is equipped with a 12V / 5Ah lithium battery pack as a backup battery, allowing for continuous operation for 72 hours after a power outage. The drive circuit drives the solenoid valve and the micro circulation pump. The functional circuits are arranged in circuit layout slot 41 and electrically interconnected via flexible cabling. Temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays are also located in circuit layout layer 4, with a sensor spacing of 10cm. The temperature sensor array consists of nine DS18B20 temperature sensors arranged in a 3×3 matrix, covering the nine circuit zones of circuit layout layer 4. The smoke sensor array consists of four MQ-2 smoke sensors arranged in a 2×2 matrix. The temperature sensor array and smoke sensor array are used to collect temperature and smoke concentration data from each circuit zone and transmit the data to the control circuit for fire location determination.

[0135] The cover plate 5 is 3mm thick and is injection molded from flame-retardant ABS with a wood grain decorative layer on the surface. The cover plate 5 is snapped onto the outside of the circuit layout layer 4, covering the circuit layout groove 41. The cover plate 5 and the circuit layout layer 4 are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​structure, which is located around the perimeter of the cover plate 5. The surface of the cover plate 5 also has a vertical decorative hole corresponding to the position of the vertical nozzle 62, and the diameter of the vertical decorative hole is 5mm.

[0136] The water cavity layer 2 is connected to a fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6, which is made of 316L stainless steel with an inner diameter of 6mm and a wall thickness of 1mm. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 longitudinally penetrates the heat insulation layer 3 and the circuit layout layer 4, and its penetration position corresponds to the position of the pre-reserved through hole in the heat insulation layer 3. The inlet end of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the water cavity layer 2, and the outlet end extends to the surface of the cover plate 5.

[0137] The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 has four lateral nozzles 61 on its outer perimeter wall located in the circuit layout layer 4 section. These four lateral nozzles 61 are evenly distributed in a ring along the outer perimeter of the pipe, with an included angle of 90° between adjacent lateral nozzles 61. Each lateral nozzle 61 faces a circuit section within the circuit layout layer 4. The diameter of the lateral nozzle 61 is 1mm, and the spray angle is 30°. Each lateral nozzle 61 corresponds to a circuit section in the circuit layout layer 4, and is used to spray extinguishing media at a specific point in the area where the circuit is on fire.

[0138] The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 has a straight nozzle 62 at its end, which is located on the surface of the cover plate 5 and sprays towards the indoor space. The diameter of the straight nozzle 62 is 5mm.

[0139] The side nozzle 61 and the straight nozzle 62 are each equipped with an independently controlled electrically controlled valve. The electrically controlled valve is a miniature solenoid valve, model VXZ-1 / 4-DC24V, with a stainless steel valve body, FKM sealing material, DC24V operating voltage, and a response time of less than 0.1 seconds. The side nozzle 61 and the straight nozzle 62 are independently controlled by the control circuit to open and close.

[0140] In this embodiment, the water source in the water cavity layer 2 normally conducts heat to the circuit layout layer 4 for cooling through the heat insulation layer 3. Specifically, the heat generated by the electronic components in the circuit layout layer 4 during operation is conducted to the water cavity layer 2 through the heat insulation layer 3. The water source in the water cavity layer 2 absorbs the heat and is discharged through the outlet 22, while a low-temperature water source is introduced through the inlet 21, forming a circulating heat dissipation. According to actual measurements, the temperature of the circuit layout layer 4 is 65°C under passive heat dissipation conditions, and the temperature drops to 42°C after water circulation is started, a temperature reduction of 23°C.

[0141] In this embodiment, an emergency coordination mechanism is established between the water cavity layer 2 and the circuit layout layer 4 in the event of a fire. When a circuit fire is detected, the control circuit accurately locates the fire area using temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays deployed on the circuit layout layer 4. Specifically, the temperature sensor array detects that the temperature of the third circuit zone reaches 85°C and remains there for 3 seconds, and the smoke sensor array detects that the smoke concentration in that area is 2.5% obs / m. The control circuit then determines that a circuit fire has occurred in the third circuit zone. The control circuit 42 opens the side nozzle 61 corresponding to the third circuit zone, directly spraying water from the water cavity layer 2 through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 from the side nozzle 61 to the fire circuit area. The extinguishing medium is transported directly from the water cavity layer 2 to the fire point on the circuit layout layer 4 via the penetrating pipe, without passing through the decorative panel surface. Testing showed that the time from fire confirmation to the arrival of the extinguishing medium at the fire point is 0.4 seconds, achieving first-time targeted fire extinguishing with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds. When the fire spreads into the indoor space, the indoor smoke concentration reaches 3.5% obs / m and lasts for 6 seconds, and the indoor temperature reaches 75℃ and lasts for 5 seconds. The control circuit opens the straight nozzle 62 to spray the fire extinguishing medium into the indoor space.

[0142] In this embodiment, after the fire is extinguished, the removable cover 5 can be removed to directly inspect and maintain the circuits and fire sprinkler pipes 6 within the circuit layout layer 4 without damaging the main structure of the decorative panel. After the inspection and maintenance are completed, the cover 5 can be reattached to the outside of the circuit layout layer 4 using a snap-fit ​​structure to restore its use.

[0143] Example 2

[0144] In this embodiment, its structural composition is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, with the following differences.

[0145] Regarding sensor configuration, this embodiment adds a CO sensor, a flame sensor, and a water quality sensor 25 to the system described in Embodiment 1. The CO sensor is an ME2-CO electrochemical sensor with a detection range of 0 to 1000 ppm and a resolution of 0.5 ppm. The flame sensor is an R2868 ultraviolet flame sensor with a detection wavelength range of 185 to 260 nm and a response time of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0146] In terms of communication circuitry, this embodiment supports both ZigBee and WiFi dual-mode communication. ZigBee communication uses the CC2530 chip, supports the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, and has a networking capacity of 255 nodes. WiFi communication uses the ESP8266 module, supporting the IEEE 802.11b / g / n protocol.

[0147] In terms of power supply circuitry, the backup battery capacity in this embodiment is increased to 12V / 10Ah, which allows it to work continuously for 120 hours after a power outage.

[0148] Regarding the water circulation system, this embodiment has a micro circulation pump at the rear end of the outlet 22. The micro circulation pump has a power of 10W, a maximum flow rate of 5L / min, and a maximum head of 3m. It is connected to the building's chilled water system to achieve active circulating water cooling heat dissipation.

[0149] For voice interaction, this embodiment has a built-in microphone and speaker, supporting local voice control. The microphone is a MEMS silicon microphone with a sensitivity of -42dB and a signal-to-noise ratio of 59dB. The speaker has a power of 1W and an impedance of 8Ω.

[0150] In this embodiment, when the temperature sensor array detects a temperature change rate exceeding 5°C / s in any circuit partition, the control circuit triggers a first-level warning and starts a micro-circulation pump to force water circulation cooling of the circuit layout layer 4. Actual measurements show that after the forced water circulation cooling is initiated, the temperature of the circuit layout layer 4 drops from 58°C to 38°C within 30 seconds.

[0151] In this embodiment, when the smoke sensor array detects that the smoke concentration in the circuit zone exceeds 0.5% obs / m, the control circuit triggers a secondary warning and activates the micro-spray mode, forming a moist protective layer in the circuit area through the side nozzles 61. In micro-spray mode, the electronically controlled valve opens to 15%, the water flow rate is 0.3L / min, and the duration is 10 seconds.

[0152] In this embodiment, when the temperature sensor array detects that the temperature of the circuit partition reaches 80°C for 2 seconds, and the smoke sensor array detects that the smoke concentration in the area reaches 2% obs / m for 2 seconds, the control circuit confirms a circuit fire. The control circuit calculates the coordinates of the fire area using data from the temperature sensor array and the smoke sensor array. Specifically, the control circuit performs cross-correlation analysis on the temperature signals of each sensor in the sensor array to calculate the signal propagation delay, calculates the azimuth angle of the fire area based on the delay difference and geometric relationship, and uses the cross-positioning of the two sets of sensor arrays to calculate the center coordinates of the fire area. The center coordinates are compared with the partition coordinate range of the circuit layout layer 4 to determine that the fire partition is the 5th circuit partition. The control circuit determines the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 and the side nozzle 61 number corresponding to the 5th circuit partition, opens the solenoid valve of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 at full pressure, and only opens the side nozzle 61 corresponding to the 5th circuit partition, so that the water source of the water chamber layer 2 is directly sprayed from the side nozzle 61 to the fire circuit area through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6. The time from fire confirmation to the arrival of extinguishing agents at the ignition point is 0.35 seconds.

[0153] In this embodiment, when a fire is confirmed in the electrical circuit, and the indoor smoke concentration reaches 3% obs / m for 5 seconds, and the indoor temperature reaches 70°C for 5 seconds, the control circuit determines that the fire has spread to the indoor space and opens the direct nozzle 62 to spray the extinguishing medium into the indoor space. When the direct nozzle 62 is opened, the solenoid valve is fully pressurized, the water flow rate is 5L / min, the spray distance is 3m, and the coverage angle is 120°.

[0154] Sealing treatment of the six through holes in the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe

[0155] In each embodiment, a sealing structure is provided at the through hole where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 penetrates the thermal insulation layer 3 and the circuit layout layer 4. Specifically, at the through hole where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 passes through the thermal insulation layer 3, an annular sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the through hole, and the annular sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove of the inner wall of the through hole. The inner peripheral wall of the annular sealing ring is interference-fitted with the outer peripheral wall of the pipe, with an interference amount of 0.2 mm, forming a radial compression seal. The annular sealing ring is made of fluororubber, and its long-term temperature resistance range is -40℃ to 200℃. There are two annular sealing rings, which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pipe, and the axial distance between adjacent annular sealing rings is 10 mm.

[0156] Where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 passes through the through hole of the circuit layout layer 4, a sealing sleeve is installed between the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the through hole. The sealing sleeve is made of polytetrafluoroethylene heat shrink tubing with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. After the pipe is installed, the sealing sleeve is heated to 150°C to shrink, achieving a tight fit with the outer peripheral wall of the pipe and the inner wall of the through hole. The gap between the sealing sleeve and the inner wall of the through hole of the circuit layout layer 4 is filled with an insulating sealant layer, which is formed by curing epoxy resin sealant with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0157] Where the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 passes through the straight decorative hole on the surface of the cover plate 5, an annular sealing gasket is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the pipe end and the inner wall of the straight decorative hole. The annular sealing gasket is located between the lower surface of the cover plate 5 and the outer peripheral wall of the pipe. The annular sealing gasket is made of EPDM rubber with a thickness of 1.5mm, an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the pipe, and an outer diameter equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the straight decorative hole 53.

[0158] A pipe connector and a sealing gasket are provided at the connection between the inlet end of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 and the water cavity layer 2. The pipe connector is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water cavity layer 2, and the inlet end of the pipe is connected to the pipe connector via threads. The sealing gasket, made of polytetrafluoroethylene and 1mm thick, is placed between the pipe connector and the end face of the pipe inlet. After being tightened by threads, the sealing gasket compresses to 0.3mm, ensuring that the water source in the water cavity layer 2 will not leak from the pipe connection under a water pressure of 0.5MPa.

[0159] See Figure 4 A control method for modified PVC smart decorative panels based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps:

[0160] Step 1: Real-time acquisition of temperature and smoke concentration data for each circuit zone using temperature sensor arrays and smoke sensor arrays deployed on circuit layout layer 4;

[0161] Step 2: When the temperature change rate of any circuit partition exceeds the first change rate threshold, a first-level warning is triggered, and water circulation is started to force cooling of circuit layout layer 4.

[0162] Step 3: When the smoke concentration in the circuit zone exceeds the first smoke threshold, a secondary warning is triggered, and the micro-spray mode is activated to form a wet protective layer in the circuit area through the side nozzles 61.

[0163] Step 4: When the temperature of the circuit zone reaches the fire threshold or the smoke concentration of the circuit zone reaches the second smoke threshold, it is determined that the circuit fire is confirmed. The coordinates of the fire area are calculated through the sensor array data, and the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 and the side nozzle 61 corresponding to the fire area are determined. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6 is opened at full pressure, and only the side nozzle 61 corresponding to the fire area is opened. The water source of the water chamber layer 2 is sprayed directly from the side nozzle 61 to the fire circuit area through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe 6, so as to achieve first-time fixed-point fire extinguishing with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds.

[0164] Step 5: Once a fire is confirmed, if the indoor smoke concentration exceeds the indoor fire threshold or the indoor temperature exceeds the indoor fire temperature threshold, it is determined that the fire has spread to the indoor space. The control circuit then opens the direct nozzle 62 to spray the extinguishing medium into the indoor space.

[0165] Both the lateral nozzle 61 and the direct nozzle 62 are independently controlled by the control circuit to open and close, and to implement a tiered fire suppression strategy according to the fire type and fire range.

[0166] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0167] It should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B solely based on A; it also means determining B based on A and / or other information.

[0168] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0169] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, It includes, from the inside out, a structural support layer (1), a water cavity layer (2), a heat insulation layer (3), a circuit layout layer (4), and a cover plate (5); The water cavity layer (2) is a closed or circulating cavity structure, which stores or circulates water inside; The surface of the circuit layout layer (4) is provided with a circuit layout groove (41) for laying out the circuit system; The cover plate (5) is fastened to the outside of the circuit layout layer (4) and covers the circuit layout groove (41), which is a detachable installation structure; The water cavity layer (2) is connected to a fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6), which longitudinally penetrates the heat insulation layer (3) and the circuit layout layer (4). The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) has multiple side nozzles (61) on the outer periphery of the pipe located in the section of the circuit layout layer (4). The side nozzles (61) face the circuit area in the circuit layout layer (4) and are used to spray fire extinguishing medium at a fixed point to the area where the line catches fire. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) is provided with a straight nozzle (62) at the end for spraying fire extinguishing medium into the indoor space; The lateral nozzle (61) and the direct nozzle (62) are each equipped with an electrically controlled valve, which is independently controlled by the control circuit to open and close.

2. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under normal conditions, the water source in the water cavity layer (2) conducts heat to the circuit layout layer (4) through the heat insulation layer (3) to cool it down, thereby achieving normal coordination between the water cavity layer (2) and the circuit layout layer (4).

3. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the event of a fire, an emergency coordination mechanism is established between the water cavity layer (2) and the circuit layout layer (4): when a circuit fire is determined, the control circuit (42) accurately locates the fire area through the sensor array deployed on the circuit layout layer (4), opens the side nozzle (61) corresponding to the fire area, and sprays the water source of the water cavity layer (2) directly to the fire circuit area through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6). The fire extinguishing medium is transported directly from the water cavity layer (2) to the fire point of the circuit layout layer (4) through the penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6), without passing through the surface of the decorative panel, thus achieving first-time fixed-point fire extinguishing with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds; when it is determined that the fire has spread to the indoor space, the control circuit opens the straight nozzle (62) to spray the fire extinguishing medium into the indoor space.

4. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (5) is a detachable structure. After a fire, the cover plate (5) can be opened to inspect and maintain the circuits in the circuit layout layer (4) and the fire extinguishing nozzle pipes (6) without damaging the main structure of the decorative panel.

5. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the water cavity layer (2) is provided with a hydrophobic coating to prevent water molecules from penetrating into the adjacent layer; the water cavity layer (2) is provided with an inlet (21), an outlet (22), a water level sensor and a water quality sensor, for real-time monitoring of the water source status and dynamic management.

6. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation layer (3) is a multi-layer composite structure, including an insulating base layer and a thermally conductive filler dispersed in the insulating base layer. The thermally conductive filler is selected from at least one of boron nitride and aluminum oxide.

7. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit system arranged in the circuit layout layer (4) includes control circuit, sensing circuit, communication circuit, power supply circuit and driving circuit. Each functional circuit is arranged in the circuit layout slot (41). The circuit layout layer (4) is equipped with a temperature sensor array and a smoke sensor array. The sensor spacing between the temperature sensor array and the smoke sensor array is no more than 10cm. They are used to collect temperature data and smoke concentration data of each circuit partition and transmit the data to the control circuit for fire point location judgment.

8. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral nozzles (61) are distributed in a ring or spiral shape along the outer periphery of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6). Each pipe is provided with 4 to 8 lateral nozzles (61). The diameter of the lateral nozzles (61) is 0.5 to 2 mm, and the spray angle is 15° to 45°. Each lateral nozzle (61) corresponds to a circuit partition of the circuit layout layer (4). The straight nozzles (62) are located at the end of the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) on the surface of the cover plate (5) and spray towards the indoor space. The diameter of the straight nozzles (62) is 3 to 8 mm.

9. The modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control circuit performs cross-correlation analysis on the temperature signals of each sensor in the sensor array based on the detection data of the temperature sensor array and the smoke sensor array to calculate the signal propagation delay. It calculates the azimuth angle of the fire area based on the delay difference and geometric relationship, and uses the cross-positioning of the two sets of sensor arrays to calculate the center coordinates of the fire area. It compares the center coordinates with the partition coordinate range of the circuit layout layer (4) to determine the circuit partition to which the fire area belongs, determines the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) and side nozzle (61) number corresponding to the fire area, and only opens the side nozzle (61) to achieve fixed-point fire extinguishing. When the indoor smoke concentration is detected to exceed the indoor fire threshold, the control circuit opens the straight nozzle (62) to spray the fire extinguishing medium into the indoor space.

10. The control method for the modified PVC smart decorative panel based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Real-time acquisition of temperature data and smoke concentration data of each circuit partition through temperature sensor array and smoke sensor array deployed in circuit layout layer (4); Step 2: When the temperature change rate of any circuit partition exceeds the first change rate threshold, a first-level warning is triggered, and water circulation is started to force cooling of the circuit layout layer (4); Step 3: When the smoke concentration in the circuit zone exceeds the first smoke threshold, a secondary warning is triggered, and the micro-spray mode is activated to form a wet protective layer in the circuit area through the side nozzles (61). Step 4: When the temperature of the circuit zone reaches the fire threshold or the smoke concentration of the circuit zone reaches the second smoke threshold, it is determined that the circuit fire is confirmed. The coordinates of the fire area are calculated by the sensor array data, and the fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) and the side nozzle (61) corresponding to the fire area are determined. The fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6) is opened at full pressure, and only the side nozzle (61) corresponding to the fire area is opened. The water source of the water cavity layer (2) is sprayed directly from the side nozzle (61) to the fire circuit area through the longitudinally penetrating fire extinguishing nozzle pipe (6), so as to achieve the first-time fixed-point fire extinguishing with a response time of less than 0.5 seconds. Step 5: Once a fire is confirmed, if the indoor smoke concentration exceeds the indoor fire threshold or the indoor temperature exceeds the indoor fire temperature threshold, it is determined that the fire has spread to the indoor space. The control circuit opens the direct nozzle (62) to spray the extinguishing medium into the indoor space. Both the lateral nozzle (61) and the vertical nozzle (62) are independently controlled by the control circuit to open and close, and to implement a hierarchical fire extinguishing strategy according to the fire type and fire range.

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