A high-precision installation and collaborative unloading tool for super-large cantilever steel structure and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision installation and cooperative unloading tool for super-large cantilever steel structures and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of construction tools, in particular to a tool for supporting a super-long thin-walled drum and containing multiple groups of supporting components, wherein each group of supporting components is formed by stacking a bottom drum, multiple intermediate drums and a top drum in sequence, a hydraulic cylinder and a sliding inner plate are arranged in the bottom drum, a lifting stroke is defined by cooperating with an adjusting screw rod and a sliding vertical plate, a connecting assembly linked by a rotating cylinder and a fixed annular plate is arranged in the intermediate drum, a limiting assembly capable of being unlocked synchronously is arranged in the cylinder protrusion, and the layer interlocking structure can be synchronously released by rotating a top rectangular limiting block, and the tool is mainly used for high-precision installation and support of the super-long thin-walled drum and multi-point cooperative unloading operation, can guarantee the height consistency of the multiple-point support, and can improve the synchronization of load release in the unloading process and the efficiency of segment dismounting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology and relates to a high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling and construction method for ultra-large cantilever steel structures. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction phase of large-span roofs, ultra-long thin-walled rolls require multiple sets of support points to simultaneously complete the support, elevation adjustment and unloading operations. Existing support systems mostly adopt fixed-height integrated brackets or segmented simple splicing brackets.

[0003] Integrated supports can only accommodate a single erection height. For drum applications with different spans and installation elevations, multiple specifications of support components need to be stored for backup, resulting in a significant workload for on-site component allocation. Segmented splicing supports rely on external bolts and clips to align and lock the segments. During erection, each external connector must be aligned and tightened individually. Fine-tuning of the overall height of the support relies on a separate bottom lifting device. However, there is no unified limit reference for the lifting stroke at each support point. After the drum is placed, differences in the elevation of the top surface of each support point can easily occur, making it difficult to meet the high-precision installation requirements of ultra-long thin-walled drums.

[0004] Furthermore, in the multi-support point coordinated unloading operation, there is no linkage limit structure between the conventional segmented support sections. The lifting and lowering strokes of each support are independent, and the stress release rate of different support points varies during the lowering process, making local stress concentration prone to occur in the thin-walled parts of the drum. The support dismantling operation requires the external fasteners to be removed layer by layer from top to bottom. Each layer of components requires separate operation of the external locking structure. There is no unified unlocking linkage path for the locking mechanisms of each layer of segments, resulting in insufficient continuity in the dismantling and assembly process.

[0005] Meanwhile, conventional splicing support segments rely on manual visual alignment of slots and protrusions. After the segments are stacked, there are no annular synchronous limiting components inside. After the multi-layer support is stacked, the overall resistance to lateral slippage is limited. The local horizontal load generated during the drum operation can easily cause relative displacement between support segments, affecting the overall stability of the support system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of insufficient accuracy in controlling the elevation of multiple points of existing support fixtures, poor synchronization of coordinated unloading, and weak continuity of disassembly and assembly operations, the present invention provides a high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture and construction method for ultra-large cantilever steel structures.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture and construction method for ultra-large cantilever steel structures, used to support ultra-long thin-walled drums, includes multiple sets of support components. Each support component includes a bottom drum, a top drum, and multiple intermediate drums, stacked sequentially. The top drum is located on top of the uppermost intermediate drum, and the bottom drum is located at the bottom of the lowermost intermediate drum. A fixed base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom drum, and a sliding inner plate is slidably connected inside the bottom drum. An adjustment component for adjusting the height of the sliding inner plate is provided inside the bottom drum. A top support plate is fixedly installed at the top of the top drum. Circular grooves (I) and multiple rectangular slots are provided at the bottom of both the intermediate and top drums. A rectangular clearance groove is provided at the top of the intermediate drum, and a circular hole is provided inside the intermediate drum. I. The top and bottom of the circular hole I are connected to the rectangular clearance groove and the circular groove I, respectively. The interior of the intermediate cylinder is provided with the circular clearance groove I. A fixed annular plate is slidably connected inside the circular clearance groove I. A rotating cylinder passes through the interior of the fixed annular plate. A rectangular limiting block is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder and the top of the sliding inner plate. Multiple positioning slots are provided on the top of the rectangular limiting block. Multiple sets of connecting components for connecting two intermediate cylinders are provided inside the intermediate cylinder. A cylindrical protrusion is slidably connected inside the circular groove I. A circular clearance groove II is provided on the top of the cylindrical protrusion. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected inside the circular clearance groove II. The top of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cylinder. A limiting component for limiting the rectangular limiting block is provided inside the cylindrical protrusion.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bottom cylinder. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding inner plate. A mounting vertical hole is opened on one side of the bottom cylinder. A sliding vertical plate is slidably connected inside the mounting vertical hole through a slider and a slide rail. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base plate. The screw thread passes through the sliding vertical plate and is fixedly installed with an adjusting handwheel. The sliding vertical plate is located on the upper side of the sliding inner plate and is used to limit the sliding inner plate. Multiple reinforcing ribs are fixedly installed between the outer wall of the bottom cylinder and the top of the fixed base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting component includes multiple rectangular grooves I formed on the outer wall of the circular relief groove I. The multiple rectangular grooves I are arranged in a ring array outside the circular relief groove I and are connected to the circular relief groove I. A connecting horizontal plate is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove I. A rectangular insert is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting horizontal plate. A connected strip-shaped vertical hole I is opened at the top of the rectangular groove I. The rectangular insert engages with the rectangular slot.

[0011] Furthermore, an I-shaped groove is provided on the outer wall of the fixed annular plate, and an I-shaped block is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting horizontal plate. The I-shaped block is snapped into the inside of the I-shaped groove. A strip-shaped hole is provided inside the connecting horizontal plate. A connected side sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of both sides of the strip-shaped hole. A side slider is slidably connected inside the side sliding groove. The same rectangular convex plate is fixedly installed between the two side sliders. Multiple strip-shaped vertical holes II are provided on the top of the intermediate cylinder. The bottom of the strip-shaped vertical holes II is connected to the top of the rectangular groove I. The rectangular convex plate passes through the strip-shaped holes and extends into the inside of the strip-shaped vertical holes II.

[0012] Furthermore, a connected circular groove II is provided on one side of the inner wall of the strip hole, and a connected circular hole II is provided on one side of the circular groove II. A circular rod is fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular convex plate, and one end of the circular rod passes through the circular hole II. Multiple circular grooves are provided on the inner wall of the fixed annular plate, and the circular rod engages with the circular grooves. A compression spring II is provided between one side of the rectangular convex plate and one side of the inner wall of the circular groove II. Both ends of the compression spring II abut against one side of the rectangular convex plate and one side of the inner wall of the circular groove II through spring seats.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting component includes multiple rectangular grooves II formed on the inner wall of the bottom of the circular clearance groove II. A side hole is formed on one side inner wall of the rectangular groove II. A rectangular limiting groove is formed on the bottom of the cylindrical protrusion. The rectangular limiting groove engages with the rectangular limiting block. The side hole is connected to the rectangular limiting groove. A connecting plate is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove II. A compression spring I is provided between one side of the connecting plate and one side inner wall of the rectangular groove II. A positioning block is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the connecting plate. The positioning block engages with the positioning slot.

[0014] Furthermore, an upper pushing block is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the connecting plate, a connecting rotating plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and multiple arc-shaped protrusions are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rotating plate, which are used in conjunction with the upper pushing block.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cylindrical protrusion is provided with multiple strip grooves, and the inner wall of the circular groove I is fixedly installed with multiple strip rods, which are slidably connected to the strip grooves.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom inner wall of the circular groove I and the top of the rectangular convex plate are both arc-shaped, and the circular groove I and the rectangular convex plate are used together.

[0017] A construction method for using high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixtures for ultra-large cantilever steel structures, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1 tooling setup: The bottom cylinder is fixed to the preset support point by the fixed base plate. The intermediate cylinders are stacked layer by layer, so that the rectangular limiting block of the lower intermediate cylinder is inserted into the rectangular limiting groove of the upper intermediate cylinder. The rectangular insert rod is simultaneously inserted into the rectangular slot to complete the interlayer locking. The top cylinder is installed on the top of the uppermost intermediate cylinder to complete the setup of multiple sets of support components.

[0019] S2 elevation adjustment: Rotate the adjustment handwheel to adjust the vertical position of the sliding vertical plate, limit the upper limit of the sliding inner plate's lifting, and simultaneously start the hydraulic cylinders in each group of bottom cylinders to push the sliding inner plate and the upper cylinder section to rise synchronously, adjusting the top support plate to the target elevation and completing the installation and support of the ultra-long thin-walled drum.

[0020] S3 coordinated unloading synchronously retracts the piston rods of each hydraulic cylinder, the support height of multiple support components decreases synchronously, and the load of the ultra-long thin-walled drum is released evenly, completing the multi-point coordinated unloading operation.

[0021] S4 segment dismantling: hoist and remove the top cylinder, rotate the rectangular limiting block of the uppermost middle cylinder, drive the connecting rotating plate and arc protrusion to rotate through the connecting shaft, push the positioning block to retract and release the inter-layer limiting, hoist and remove the middle cylinder and bottom cylinder layer by layer, and complete the tooling recycling.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention adopts a segmented structure with a bottom cylinder, multiple sets of intermediate cylinders, and a top cylinder stacked in layers. Each segment is aligned and locked by internal linkage connection components. During the stacking process, rectangular inserts are synchronously inserted into the rectangular slots at the bottom of the lower cylinder. The internal structure of the cylinder enables automatic alignment of the segments without the need for additional external locking accessories, and the on-site stacking operation process is seamless.

[0024] 2. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention has a dual height adjustment structure consisting of a hydraulic cylinder inside the bottom cylinder, a sliding vertical plate, and an adjusting screw. The hydraulic cylinder enables a wide range of lifting and lowering of the overall support height, while the adjusting screw limits the upper limit of the sliding inner plate's upward stroke, unifies the lifting upper limit of multiple support components, and allows for synchronous control of the top surface elevation of multiple support points, thus meeting the elevation control requirements for high-precision installation of ultra-long thin-walled drums.

[0025] 3. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention has a fixed annular plate and a rotating cylinder linkage structure inside the intermediate cylinder. After the cylinders are stacked in place, the cylindrical protrusion presses against the rectangular limit block and lifts up, releasing the rotation restriction of the rotating cylinder. When the rotating cylinder rotates, it can simultaneously drive the connecting horizontal plates arranged in an annular array to extend and retract laterally, realizing synchronous locking between the single-layer intermediate cylinder and the lower cylinder. When multiple layers of supports are stacked, the locking action of each layer is completed synchronously, and multiple sets of support components can maintain a consistent locking state.

[0026] 4. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention, during the unloading phase of the support system, each support component relies on the hydraulic cylinder to synchronously retract the piston rod, and the support height at each point decreases synchronously. The vertical load borne by the drum is evenly released along multiple support points, and the load conversion process is smooth, which can reduce the phenomenon of local stress concentration in ultra-long thin-walled drums.

[0027] 5. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the super-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention allows for disassembly operations by simply rotating the rectangular limiting block. This enables the connecting shaft and connecting rotating plate to drive the arc-shaped protrusion to simultaneously push the connecting plates on each side back, and the positioning block to simultaneously disengage from the positioning slot. The multiple locking structures of the single-layer intermediate cylinder are simultaneously released, and the disassembly layer by layer does not require separate operation of multiple locking components. The disassembly action is unified and continuous.

[0028] 6. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention has a cylindrical protrusion with an outer wall strip groove and a circular groove I with an inner wall strip rod that slide together. During the stacking process, the cylindrical protrusion can only move along a fixed vertical path, and the movement trajectory of the limiting component inside the cylinder is stable. The bottom arc-shaped inner wall of the circular groove I cooperates with the arc-shaped top surface of the rectangular protrusion. When the segments are stacked, the rectangular protrusion can be automatically pushed to move laterally. The compression spring II is evenly stressed, and the locking structure is stable in long-term use.

[0029] 7. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention allows for the addition or reduction of stacking quantities of multiple intermediate cylinders as needed, adapting to construction conditions with different erection heights. All cylinder segment components have a uniform structure, and the components can be interchanged and used interchangeably, allowing for flexible on-site component allocation. The support as a whole is connected to the ground foundation by a fixed bottom plate, and multiple reinforcing ribs are set on the outer side of the cylinder, ensuring stable vertical load-bearing and lateral anti-slip performance, and simultaneously bearing the vertical load transmitted by the drum and local horizontal forces.

[0030] 8. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure disclosed in this invention has a top support plate set above the top cylinder to directly support the drum. The specifications of the top support structure of each support component are uniform, the stress form of the multi-point support is consistent, and the load release ratio of each support point is synchronized during the unloading process, which meets the construction requirements for coordinated unloading of ultra-long thin-walled drums.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision installation and coordinated unloading tooling for the ultra-large cantilever steel structure of the present invention when in use;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom cylinder, middle cylinder, and top cylinder after assembly in this invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom cylinder and the sliding inner plate in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the top cylinder in this invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the intermediate cylinder and the rectangular limiting block in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the intermediate cylinder and the cylindrical protrusion in this invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the intermediate cylinder in this invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the rectangular limiting block and the rotating cylinder in this invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the connecting horizontal plate in this invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional view of the strip-shaped slide bar and the cylindrical protrusion in this invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the cylindrical protrusion in this invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Extra-long thin-walled roll; 2. Intermediate roll; 3. Bottom roll; 4. Top roll; 5. Adjusting handwheel; 6. Sliding vertical plate; 7. Adjusting screw; 8. Mounting vertical hole; 9. Reinforcing rib; 10. Fixed base plate; 11. Hydraulic cylinder; 12. Sliding inner plate; 13. Rectangular limit block; 14. Top support plate; 15. Rectangular slot; 16. Circular groove I; 17. Strip vertical hole I; 18. Strip vertical hole II; 19. Positioning slot; 20. Strip slide groove; 21. Positioning block; 22. Rectangular limit groove; 23. Cylindrical protrusion; 24. Rectangular groove I; 25. Circular hole I; 26. Rectangular clearance groove; 2 7. Circular relief groove I; 28. Rectangular insert rod; 29. ​​Rotating cylinder; 30. Strip slide rod; 31. I-shaped groove; 32. Fixed annular plate; 33. Rectangular convex plate; 34. Connecting horizontal plate; 35. Circular groove; 36. Side slide groove; 37. Strip hole; 38. I-shaped block; 39. Circular hole II; 40. Circular groove II; 41. Circular rod; 42. Compression spring II; 43. Side slider; 44. Upper push block; 45. Connecting shaft; 46. Arc-shaped protrusion; 47. Connecting rotating plate; 48. Side hole; 49. Rectangular groove II; 50. Circular relief groove II; 51. Compression spring I; 52. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 The ultra-large cantilevered steel structure shown uses high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixtures to support the ultra-long thin-walled drum 1. The ultra-long thin-walled drum 1 is supported by multiple sets of support components, each set of support components is arranged axially along the ultra-long thin-walled drum 1, and together they bear the vertical load and local horizontal load of the ultra-long thin-walled drum 1. Figure 2 As shown, each set of support components includes a bottom cylinder 3, a top cylinder 4, and multiple intermediate cylinders 2. The multiple intermediate cylinders 2 are stacked in sequence, with the top cylinder 4 located on top of the uppermost intermediate cylinder 2 and the bottom cylinder 3 located at the bottom of the lowermost intermediate cylinder 2, forming a vertical load-bearing column as a whole.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, a fixed base plate 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom cylinder 3. The fixed base plate 10 is fixedly connected to the ground foundation by pre-embedded anchor bolts. A sliding inner plate 12 is slidably connected inside the bottom cylinder 3. An adjustment component for adjusting the height of the sliding inner plate 12 is provided inside the bottom cylinder 3. Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 11 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bottom cylinder 3. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding inner plate 12. A mounting vertical hole 8 is provided on one side of the bottom cylinder 3. A sliding vertical plate 6 is slidably connected inside the mounting vertical hole 8 via a slider and a slide rail. An adjusting screw 7 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base plate 10. A screw limiting plate is fixed at a corresponding position on the top side wall of the bottom cylinder 3. The upper end of the adjusting screw 7 rotatably passes through the screw limiting plate and is fixedly installed with an adjusting handwheel 5. The screw thread of the adjusting screw 7 passes through the sliding vertical plate 6, forming a screw transmission structure with constraints at both ends, ensuring radial stability and controllable adjustment accuracy during rotation. The sliding vertical plate 6 is located on one side above the sliding inner plate 12 and is used to limit the sliding inner plate 12. Multiple reinforcing ribs 9 are fixedly installed between the outer wall of the bottom cylinder 3 and the top of the fixed base plate 10. Preferably, the fixed base plate 10 is made of Q355 steel plate to ensure the bottom bearing strength and deformation resistance. When the adjusting handwheel 5 is turned, the adjusting screw 7 rotates synchronously, causing the sliding vertical plate 6 to slide vertically along the mounting vertical hole 8, thereby limiting the maximum upward stroke of the sliding inner plate 12. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 extends, it pushes the sliding inner plate 12 upward, and stops after reaching the limited position. Multiple sets of support components can be adjusted in a unified manner to ensure that the upper limit of the lifting of each support point is consistent. The inner wall of the bottom cylinder 3 is symmetrically provided with at least two sets of guide grooves along the vertical direction. The outer wall of the sliding inner plate 12 is fixed with guide sliders at corresponding positions. The guide sliders are fitted into the guide grooves and can slide vertically along the grooves. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the sliding inner plate 12 to ensure that there is no deviation or jamming during the lifting process of the sliding inner plate 12.

[0048] like Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, both the bottom of the intermediate cylinder 2 and the top cylinder 4 are provided with circular grooves I16, and both the bottom of the intermediate cylinder 2 and the top cylinder 4 are provided with multiple rectangular slots 15. The top of the intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with a rectangular clearance groove 26. The interior of the intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with a circular hole I25, the top and bottom of which are connected to the rectangular clearance groove 26 and the circular groove I16, respectively. The interior of the intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with a circular clearance groove I27, and a fixed annular plate 32 is slidably connected inside the circular clearance groove I27. A rotating cylinder 29 rotatably passes through the interior of the fixed annular plate 32. A rectangular limiting block 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder 29 and the top of the sliding inner plate 12. Multiple positioning slots 19 are provided on the top of the rectangular limiting block 13. The interior of the intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with multiple sets of connecting components for connecting the two intermediate cylinders 2. A return spring is provided between the bottom inner wall of the circular clearance groove I27 and the bottom of the fixed annular plate 32. The return spring is sleeved on the outside of the rotating cylinder 29, and its two ends abut against the bottom of the circular clearance groove I27 and the bottom of the fixed annular plate 32, respectively. After disassembly and unloading, the return spring pushes the fixed annular plate 32 back down, causing the rectangular insert 28 to retract synchronously into the strip-shaped vertical hole I17. In the initial state, the rectangular limiting block 13 is embedded in the rectangular clearance groove 26, and the rotating cylinder 29 cannot rotate normally due to the restriction of the rectangular structure. When the structure below pushes the rotating cylinder 29 upward, the rectangular limiting block 13 is completely removed from the rectangular clearance groove 26, and the rotating cylinder 29 can then enter the rotatable state. Preferably, the rotating cylinder 29 is made of No. 45 steel to ensure the structural strength and wear resistance of the transmission parts.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, the connecting assembly includes multiple rectangular grooves I24 formed on the outer wall of the circular relief groove I27. These rectangular grooves I24 are arranged in a ring array outside the circular relief groove I27 and communicate with it. A connecting horizontal plate 34 is slidably connected inside each rectangular groove I24. A rectangular insert 28 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting horizontal plate 34. A communicating strip-shaped vertical hole I17 is formed at the top of each rectangular groove I24. The rectangular insert 28 engages with a rectangular slot 15. Specifically, an I-shaped groove 31 is formed on the outer wall of the fixed annular plate 32, and a rectangular insert 28 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting horizontal plate 34. Figure 9 The I-shaped block 38 shown is snapped into the inside of the I-shaped groove 31. The inside of the connecting horizontal plate 34 is provided with a strip hole 37. The inner walls on both sides of the strip hole 37 are provided with interconnected side sliding grooves 36. The inside of the side sliding grooves 36 is slidably connected to a side slider 43. The same rectangular convex plate 33 is fixedly installed between the two side sliders 43. The top of the intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with multiple strip vertical holes II 18. The bottom of the strip vertical holes II 18 is connected to the top of the rectangular groove I 24. The rectangular convex plate 33 passes through the strip hole 37 and extends into the inside of the strip vertical hole II 18.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, a circular groove II 40 is formed on one side of the inner wall of the strip-shaped hole 37, and a circular hole II 39 is formed on one side of the circular groove II 40. A circular rod 41 is fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular protrusion 33, and one end of the circular rod 41 passes through the circular hole II 39. The inner wall of the fixed annular plate 32 has multiple openings such as... Figure 8 The circular groove 35 shown is engaged with the circular rod 41. A compression spring II 42 is provided between one side of the rectangular convex plate 33 and the inner wall of one side of the circular groove II 40. Both ends of the compression spring II 42 abut against one side of the rectangular convex plate 33 and the inner wall of one side of the circular groove II 40 through spring seats. When the rotating cylinder 29 moves upward, it drives the fixed annular plate 32 to move upward synchronously. The fixed annular plate 32 drives multiple sets of connecting horizontal plates 34 to move upward synchronously through the engagement relationship between the I-shaped groove 31 and the I-shaped block 38. The connecting horizontal plates 34 drive the rectangular insert rod 28 to extend out from the strip vertical hole I 17 and insert into the rectangular slot 15 at the bottom of the upper cylinder, completing the lateral locking of the upper and lower cylinders. When the upper cylinder is stacked in place, the bottom inner wall of the circular groove I16 presses against the arc-shaped top surface of the rectangular protrusion 33, pushing the rectangular protrusion 33 to slide laterally along the side slide groove 36. The compression spring II42 is compressed and contracted, and the circular rod 41 moves synchronously with the rectangular protrusion 33. Its end is inserted into the circular groove 35 of the inner wall of the fixed annular plate 32, thereby achieving circumferential locking of the fixed annular plate 32.

[0051] like Figure 7 , 10 As shown in Figure 11, a cylindrical protrusion 23 is slidably connected inside the circular groove I 16. Multiple strip grooves 20 are provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical protrusion 23. Multiple strip rods 30 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove I 16. The strip rods 30 are slidably connected to the strip grooves 20. A circular clearance groove II 50 is provided on the top of the cylindrical protrusion 23. A connecting shaft 45 is rotatably connected inside the circular clearance groove II 50. The top of the connecting shaft 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cylinder 29. A limiting component for limiting the rectangular limiting block 13 is provided inside the cylindrical protrusion 23.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 11As shown, the limiting assembly includes multiple rectangular grooves II49 formed on the inner wall of the bottom of the circular clearance groove II50. One inner wall of each rectangular groove II49 has a communicating side hole 48. The bottom of the cylindrical protrusion 23 has a rectangular limiting groove 22, which engages with the rectangular limiting block 13. The side hole 48 communicates with the rectangular limiting groove 22. A connecting plate 52 is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove II49. A compression spring I51 is provided between one side of the connecting plate 52 and one inner wall of the rectangular groove II49. A positioning block 21 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the connecting plate 52, engaging with the positioning groove 19. Furthermore, an upward pushing block 44 is fixedly installed on the top side of the connecting plate 52. A connecting rotating plate 47 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 45. Multiple arc-shaped protrusions 46 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rotating plate 47, cooperating with the upward pushing block 44. When the intermediate cylinder 2 is stacked above the lower structure, the bottom of the cylindrical protrusion 23 is pushed by the rectangular limiting block 13 below, and slides upward along the strip slide bar 30, causing the rotating cylinder 29 to move upward synchronously, so that the rectangular limiting block 13 disengages from the rectangular clearance groove 26. When the rectangular limiting block 13 is inserted into the rectangular limiting groove 22, the compression spring I 51 pushes the connecting plate 52 to move inward, and the positioning block 21 is inserted into the positioning slot 19, realizing circumferential limiting between the upper and lower cylinders. When unlocking and disassembly are required, rotating the rectangular limiting block 13 causes the rotating cylinder 29 to rotate synchronously, and the connecting shaft 45 rotates with the rotating cylinder 29, causing the connecting rotating plate 47 and the arc-shaped protrusion 46 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the arc-shaped protrusion 46, it pushes the upper pushing block 44 to move outward, causing the connecting plate 52 and the positioning block 21 to retract synchronously. The positioning block 21 disengages from the positioning slot 19, releasing the circumferential limiting, and the upper intermediate cylinder 2 can then be lifted and removed.

[0053] A top support plate 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the top cylinder 4. The top surface of the top support plate 14 directly supports the bottom outer wall of the ultra-long thin-walled drum 1. After the top surfaces of the top support plates 14 of multiple support components are adjusted to the same elevation, they work together to support the ultra-long thin-walled drum 1. When setting up the tooling on site, the fixed base plate 10 is first fixedly installed on the ground at the corresponding point by fixing pins. The first intermediate cylinder 2 is placed on the top of the sliding inner plate 12. The rectangular limiting block 13 on the top of the sliding inner plate 12 is inserted into the rectangular limiting groove 22 inside the upper intermediate cylinder 2. Multiple sets of positioning blocks 21 are simultaneously engaged in the positioning groove 19 to complete the connection and fixation between the bottom intermediate cylinder 2 and the bottom cylinder 3. When stacking subsequent intermediate cylinders 2, the rectangular limiting block 13 inside the lower intermediate cylinder 2 is engaged with the rectangular limiting groove 22 at the bottom of the upper intermediate cylinder 2, and at the same time, the rectangular insert 28 extending from the lower layer is engaged with the rectangular slot 15 of the upper layer. After stacking layer by layer to the designed height, the top cylinder 4 is hoisted on the top of the uppermost intermediate cylinder 2. The rectangular slot 15 at the bottom of the top cylinder 4 is engaged with the rectangular insert 28 of the lower layer, and the inner wall of the circular groove I 16 pushes against the corresponding rectangular protrusion 33 to complete the locking.

[0054] After all sections are installed, each hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the external hydraulic synchronous control valve group. The hydraulic synchronous control valve group is used to uniformly control the extension and retraction speed of the piston rods of multiple hydraulic cylinders 11, ensuring that the lifting and lowering strokes of each support component are synchronized throughout. Rotating the adjusting handwheel 5 drives the adjusting screw 7 to rotate, adjusting the sliding vertical plate 6 to the corresponding elevation position, limiting the upward limit of the sliding inner plate 12, starting the hydraulic cylinder 11, and the piston rod drives the sliding inner plate 12 to move upward, pushing multiple intermediate cylinders 2 and the top cylinder 4 to rise synchronously, adjusting the top support plate 14 to the preset support elevation. Multiple support components are adjusted synchronously according to the same process to ensure that the support elevations at each point are consistent, meeting the high-precision installation requirements of ultra-long thin-walled drums.

[0055] When unloading and disassembly are required, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders 11 of each set of support components are retracted simultaneously, the support height at each point decreases synchronously, and the load on the drum is gradually and evenly released, completing the coordinated unloading operation. During the dismantling stage, the top cylinder 4 is first lifted and removed. The rectangular convex plate 33 inside the uppermost middle cylinder 2 loses its upper pressure, and the compression spring II 42 pushes the rectangular convex plate 33 to reset. The circular rod 41 disengages from the circular groove 35, and the circumferential lock of the fixed annular plate 32 is released. The rectangular limit block 13 is rotated to drive the rotating cylinder 29 to rotate. Through the transmission between the connecting shaft 45 and the connecting rotating plate 47, the positioning block 21 retracts, releasing the circumferential limit between the upper and lower layers. The uppermost middle cylinder 2 can then be lifted and removed. All sections are dismantled layer by layer downwards in the same process to complete the tooling recovery. A retractable dustproof bellows is fitted around the outer side of the adjusting screw 7. The upper and lower ends of the bellows are sealed to the bottom of the sliding vertical plate 6 and the top of the fixed base plate 10, respectively. Dustproof brush strips are installed along the edge of the opening of the mounting hole 8, with the ends of the brush strips fitting against the surface of the sliding vertical plate 6 to prevent external dust from entering the cylinder. During the use of this fixture, the sliding surfaces, spring assembly, and locking components inside the cylinder must be cleaned and lubricated regularly to ensure smooth operation of all moving parts.

[0056] When using the high-precision installation and collaborative unloading tooling for this super-large cantilever steel structure, the base plate 10 can be fixed on the ground first by fixing pins. Then, an intermediate cylinder 2 is placed on top of the sliding inner plate 12. At this time, the rectangular limiting block 13 at the top of the sliding inner plate 12 can be inserted into the rectangular limiting groove 22 inside the upper intermediate cylinder 2, and multiple positioning blocks 21 are engaged inside the positioning groove 19 to realize the connection process between the intermediate cylinder 2 and the sliding inner plate 12. At this time, the lowest intermediate cylinder 2 is stacked on top of the sliding inner plate 12.

[0057] In the initial state, the rectangular limiting block 13 is located inside the rectangular relief groove 26 and cannot rotate normally. When the bottom of the cylindrical protrusion 23 comes into contact with the sliding inner plate 12, the cylindrical protrusion 23 drives the rotating cylinder 29 to move upward, and the rotating cylinder 29 drives the rectangular limiting block 13 to move upward. At this time, the top of the rectangular limiting block 13 is completely moved out of the rectangular relief groove 26. At this time, the rotating cylinder 29 is in a state where it can rotate, but due to its own weight and inner wall friction, it cannot rotate actively.

[0058] Furthermore, as the rotating cylinder 29 moves upward, it can drive the fixed annular plate 32 on the outer wall to move upward. The fixed annular plate 32 drives the multiple I-shaped blocks 38 inside to move upward. The I-shaped blocks 38 drive the connecting horizontal plate 34 to move upward. The connecting horizontal plate 34 moves upward inside the rectangular groove I 24, and drives the rectangular insert rod 28 and the rectangular protrusion plate 33 to extend out from the inside of the strip vertical hole I 17 and the strip vertical hole II 18, respectively. The extended part of the rectangular insert rod 28 engages with the rectangular slot 15 below the next intermediate cylinder 2. The height of the rectangular protrusion plate 33 is less than that of the rectangular slot 15, and only the arc-shaped part is exposed. The size of the strip vertical hole II 18 is greater than that of the rectangular protrusion plate 33, and the rectangular protrusion plate 33 can move inside the strip vertical hole II 18.

[0059] When the upper middle cylinder 2 is stacked, the rectangular slot 15 engages with the rectangular insert rod 28, and the rectangular limiting block 13 engages with the lower rectangular limiting groove 22 again. Since the bottom inner wall of the circular groove I 16 is arc-shaped, the arc surface of the circular groove I 16 abuts against the arc surface of the rectangular protrusion 33. At this time, the rectangular protrusion 33 and the side slider 43 slide inside the strip hole 37 and the side slide groove 36 respectively. At this time, the compression spring II 42 is squeezed, and the rectangular protrusion 33 drives the circular rod 41 to move laterally. One end of the circular rod 41 passes through the circular hole II 39 and is inserted into the interior of the circular groove 35.

[0060] The top cylinder 4 is hoisted onto the top of the uppermost intermediate cylinder 2. At this time, the rectangular slot 15 engages with the rectangular insert 28 below. The arc surface of the circular groove I 16 pushes the corresponding rectangular protrusion 33 again. The circular groove I 16 accommodates the protruding rectangular limit block 13. After all installations are completed, the adjusting handwheel 5 is rotated, which drives the adjusting screw 7 to rotate. The adjusting screw 7 drives the sliding vertical plate 6 to slide inside the mounting vertical hole 8, thereby adjusting the maximum upward distance of the sliding inner plate 12. By activating the hydraulic cylinder 11, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the sliding inner plate 12 to move upward. The sliding inner plate 12 drives multiple intermediate cylinders 2 and the top cylinder 4 to move upward, adjusting the top support plate 14 to a suitable height for support.

[0061] When disassembly is required, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 can be retracted, and the top cylinder 4 can be lifted and removed. At this time, the rectangular protrusion 33 inside the uppermost intermediate cylinder 2 is no longer in contact, the multiple circular rods 41 retract, and the braking state of the rectangular limit block 13 is released. The rectangular limit block 13 can be rotated, which drives the rotating cylinder 29 to rotate. The rotating cylinder 29 drives the connecting shaft 45 to rotate. The connecting shaft 45 drives the multiple arc-shaped protrusions 46 to rotate through the connecting rotating plate 47. The multiple arc-shaped protrusions 46 push the upper pushing block 44 to retract. The upper pushing block 44 drives the connecting plate 52 and the positioning block 21 to retract and squeeze the compression spring I 51. At this time, the positioning block 21 is removed from the inside of the positioning slot 19, and the uppermost intermediate cylinder 2 can be removed. This process is repeated to complete the disassembly process.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for an ultra-large cantilever steel structure, used to support an ultra-long thin-walled drum (1), characterized in that, The device includes multiple sets of support components, each set of support components including a bottom cylinder (3), multiple intermediate cylinders (2) stacked sequentially, and a top cylinder (4) from bottom to top. A fixed base plate (10) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom cylinder (3). A sliding inner plate (12) is slidably connected inside the bottom cylinder (3). An adjustment component for adjusting the height of the sliding inner plate (12) is provided inside the bottom cylinder (3). The adjustment component includes a hydraulic cylinder (11) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the bottom cylinder (3). The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding inner plate (12). A mounting vertical hole (8) is opened on one side of the bottom cylinder (3). A sliding vertical plate (6) is slidably connected inside the mounting vertical hole (8) through a slider and a slide rail. An adjusting screw (7) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base plate (10). The screw (7) threaded through the sliding vertical plate (6) and a fixed adjusting handwheel (5) is installed. The sliding vertical plate (6) is located on the upper side of the sliding inner plate (12) and is used to limit the sliding inner plate (12).

2. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, A top support plate (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the top cylinder (4). Circular grooves I (16) are opened at the bottom of both the intermediate cylinder (2) and the top cylinder (4). Multiple rectangular slots (15) are opened at the bottom of both the intermediate cylinder (2) and the top cylinder (4). A rectangular clearance groove (26) is opened at the top of the intermediate cylinder (2). A circular hole I (25) is opened inside the intermediate cylinder (2). The top and bottom of the circular hole I (25) are connected to the rectangular clearance groove (26) and the circular groove I (16) respectively. (2) has a circular clearance groove I (27) inside. A fixed annular plate (32) is slidably connected inside the circular clearance groove I (27). A rotating cylinder (29) is rotatably passed through inside the fixed annular plate (32). A rectangular limiting block (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating cylinder (29) and the top of the sliding inner plate (12). Multiple positioning slots (19) are opened on the top of the rectangular limiting block (13). Multiple sets of connecting components for connecting two intermediate cylinders (2) are provided inside the intermediate cylinder (2).

3. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes multiple rectangular grooves I (24) formed on the outer wall of the circular relief groove I (27). The multiple rectangular grooves I (24) are arranged in a ring array outside the circular relief groove I (27) and are connected to the circular relief groove I (27). A connecting horizontal plate (34) is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove I (24). A rectangular insert rod (28) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting horizontal plate (34). A connected strip vertical hole I (17) is opened at the top of the rectangular groove I (24). The rectangular insert rod (28) engages with the rectangular slot (15).

4. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the fixed annular plate (32) is provided with an I-shaped groove (31). One end of the connecting horizontal plate (34) is fixedly installed with an I-shaped block (38). The I-shaped block (38) is snapped into the inside of the I-shaped groove (31). The inside of the connecting horizontal plate (34) is provided with a strip hole (37). The inner walls on both sides of the strip hole (37) are provided with interconnected side sliding grooves (36). The inside of the side sliding groove (36) is slidably connected with a side slider (43). The same rectangular convex plate (33) is fixedly installed between the two side sliders (43). The top of the intermediate cylinder (2) is provided with multiple strip vertical holes II (18). The bottom of the strip vertical hole II (18) is connected to the top of the rectangular groove I (24). The rectangular convex plate (33) passes through the strip hole (37) and extends into the inside of the strip vertical hole II (18).

5. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 4, characterized in that, A circular groove II (40) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the strip hole (37), and a circular hole II (39) is provided on one side of the circular groove II (40). A circular rod (41) is fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular convex plate (33), and one end of the circular rod (41) passes through the circular hole II (39). A plurality of circular grooves (35) are provided on the inner wall of the fixed annular plate (32), and the circular rod (41) engages with the circular groove (35). A compression spring II (42) is provided between one side of the rectangular convex plate (33) and one side of the inner wall of the circular groove II (40). Both ends of the compression spring II (42) abut against one side of the rectangular convex plate (33) and one side of the inner wall of the circular groove II (40) through spring seats.

6. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 5, characterized in that, A cylindrical protrusion (23) is slidably connected inside the circular groove I (16). A circular clearance groove II (50) is provided on the top of the cylindrical protrusion (23). A connecting shaft (45) is rotatably connected inside the circular clearance groove II (50). The top of the connecting shaft (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating cylinder (29). A limiting component for limiting the rectangular limiting block (13) is provided inside the cylindrical protrusion (23). The limiting component includes multiple rectangular grooves II (49) opened on the inner wall of the bottom of the circular clearance groove II (50). A circular clearance groove II (49) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the rectangular groove II (49). The side hole (48) is connected, and a rectangular limiting groove (22) is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical protrusion (23). The rectangular limiting groove (22) is engaged with the rectangular limiting block (13). The side hole (48) is connected to the rectangular limiting groove (22). A connecting plate (52) is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove II (49). The same compression spring I (51) is provided between one side of the connecting plate (52) and one side of the inner wall of the rectangular groove II (49). A positioning block (21) is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the connecting plate (52). The positioning block (21) is engaged with the positioning groove (19).

7. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, An upper push block (44) is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the connecting plate (52), and a connecting rotating plate (47) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (45). Multiple arc-shaped protrusions (46) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rotating plate (47), and the arc-shaped protrusions (46) are used in conjunction with the upper push block (44).

8. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the cylindrical protrusion (23) is provided with multiple strip grooves (20), and the inner wall of the circular groove I (16) is fixedly installed with multiple strip rods (30), and the strip rods (30) are slidably connected to the strip grooves (20).

9. The high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for ultra-large cantilever steel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom inner wall of the circular groove I (16) and the top of the rectangular convex plate (33) are both arc-shaped, and the circular groove I (16) and the rectangular convex plate (33) are used together.

10. A construction method for a high-precision installation and coordinated unloading fixture for an ultra-large cantilever steel structure based on any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Tooling setup: The bottom cylinder (3) is fixed to the preset support point by the fixed base plate (10). The middle cylinders (2) are stacked layer by layer, so that the rectangular limiting block (13) of the lower middle cylinder (2) is inserted into the rectangular limiting groove (22) of the upper middle cylinder (2). The rectangular insert (28) is simultaneously inserted into the rectangular slot (15) to complete the interlayer locking. The top cylinder (4) is installed on the top of the uppermost middle cylinder (2) to complete the setup of multiple sets of support components. S2. Elevation adjustment: Rotate the adjustment handwheel (5) to adjust the vertical position of the sliding vertical plate (6), limit the upper limit of the sliding inner plate (12) to rise, and simultaneously start the hydraulic cylinder (11) in each group of bottom cylinders (3) to push the sliding inner plate (12) and the upper cylinder section to rise synchronously, adjust the top support plate (14) to the target elevation, and complete the installation support of the ultra-long thin-walled drum. S3. Coordinated unloading: The piston rods of each hydraulic cylinder (11) are retracted synchronously, the support height of multiple support components decreases synchronously, the load of the ultra-long thin-walled drum is released evenly, and the multi-point coordinated unloading operation is completed. S4. Segment dismantling: Lift and remove the top cylinder (4), rotate the rectangular limiting block (13) of the uppermost middle cylinder (2), drive the connecting rotating plate (47) and the arc protrusion (46) to rotate through the connecting shaft (45), push the positioning block (21) to retract and release the interlayer limit, lift and remove the middle cylinder (2) and the bottom cylinder (3) layer by layer, and complete the tooling recycling.

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