Mounting structure of crushing device and thin seam coal mining machine

Abstract

The application provides a mounting structure of a crushing device and a thin coal seam coal mining machine. The mounting structure of the crushing device comprises a guiding and locking assembly and a traction driving mechanism. The guiding and locking assembly is arranged between a rocker arm and the crushing device, and is used for guiding the crushing device to slide along the outer wall of the rocker arm and locking the crushing device on the outer wall of the rocker arm. The traction driving mechanism is connected with the crushing device, and is used for driving the crushing device to slide along the guiding and locking assembly to adjust the position of the crushing device. The application discards the traditional connection mode of relying on the hinging of the ear seat of the traction box, so that the conventional thin coal seam coal mining machine can be configured with the crushing device without changing the main body structure of the machine body. The problem of the arrangement of the crusher caused by the limited space of the thin coal seam is effectively solved, and the pure mechanical connection is adopted, so that the structure is simple and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal mining machine technology, specifically to an installation structure for a crushing device and a thin coal seam coal mining machine. Background Technology

[0002] In thin coal seam fully mechanized mining operations, to prevent large pieces of coal and rock from getting stuck between the machine body and the conveyor chute, causing traction jamming, a crushing device is usually required on the coal mining machine. However, due to the low height and limited depth of thin coal seam coal mining machines, the existing installation structure of the crushing device is difficult to adapt to conventional thin coal seam coal mining machines. For example, Chinese patent application CN202210045792.9 discloses a crushing mechanism and its installation structure for a compact thin coal seam coal mining machine. This scheme uses multi-stage gear transmission and installs the crushing mechanism in the rear housing of the machine body. Similarly, CN202210045785.9 and CN202220102020.X also disclose a scheme that integrates the crushing mechanism into the rear housing of the machine body and uses an S-shaped gear set. The crushing device installation structures in the above-mentioned prior art generally rely on the traction box lugs for hinged connection, and usually require a special compact or short-span machine body design to accommodate the crushing mechanism. For thin coal seam mining machines that use conventional rocker arm structures, the lack of machine depth and dedicated space for crusher connection lugs makes it impossible to directly apply the existing installation structure. This has resulted in conventional thin coal seam mining machines facing the long-standing technical challenge of not being able to configure crushing devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem that conventional thin coal seam mining machines cannot be equipped with crushing devices due to space constraints and mismatched connection structures, this application provides an installation structure for a crushing device and a thin coal seam mining machine, enabling reliable installation and position adjustment of the crushing device on the rocker arm of a conventional thin coal seam mining machine.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: An installation structure for a crushing device is provided, applied to a thin coal seam mining machine, the thin coal seam mining machine including a rocker arm and a crushing device; the installation structure includes: a guide locking assembly disposed between the rocker arm and the crushing device, the guide locking assembly being used to guide the crushing device to slide along the outer wall of the rocker arm and lock the crushing device to the outer wall of the rocker arm; a traction drive mechanism connected to the crushing device, used to drive the crushing device to slide along the guide locking assembly to adjust the position of the crushing device.

[0005] Preferably, the guide locking assembly includes: a guide groove disposed on the contact surface between the rocker arm and the crushing device; a sliding mating part disposed on the crushing device, the sliding mating part being slidably engaged in the guide groove; and a locking fastener passing through the sliding mating part and the T-slot, used to lock the sliding mating part in the guide groove.

[0006] Preferably, the guide groove is a T-shaped guide groove. The cross-section of the T-shaped guide groove includes a wide bottom groove and a narrow opening groove that are interconnected. The wide bottom groove is located on the side of the narrow opening groove that is away from the opening of the narrow opening groove, and the bottom walls of the wide bottom groove and the side walls of the narrow opening groove form a stepped surface.

[0007] Preferably, the sliding fit is a T-bolt, which includes a T-shaped head and a threaded portion. The T-shaped head is housed within a wide bottom groove, and the two side flanges of the T-shaped head are in contact with the stepped surface. The maximum width of the T-shaped head is greater than the opening width of the narrow groove and forms an anti-pull-out locking connection perpendicular to the outer wall. The threaded portion passes through the narrow groove and extends to the outside of the T-shaped guide groove. The locking fastener includes a locking nut, which is threaded onto the threaded portion and fits against the outer wall of the T-groove.

[0008] Preferably, the traction drive mechanism includes: a linear drive member mounted on the rocker arm; a flexible transmission member, one end of which is connected to the power output end of the linear drive member, and the other end of which is connected to a traction anchor point on the crushing device; the linear drive member is used to retract the flexible transmission member and apply a traction force to the crushing device along the extension direction of the guide locking assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the linear drive component is an electric winch; the flexible transmission component is a steel wire rope, one end of which is wound and fixed to the electric winch, and the other end of which is connected to the traction anchor point.

[0010] Preferably, the other end of the wire rope is detachably connected to the traction anchor point via a shackle.

[0011] Preferably, the guide groove extends axially along the outer wall of the rocker arm; the extension trajectory of the guide groove is arc-shaped, and the center of the circle containing the arc is located on the central axis of the motor cylinder on the rocker arm; the radius of curvature of the bottom of the guide groove is adapted to the radius of curvature of the outer wall of the motor cylinder, so that the sliding mating part remains in contact with the outer wall when sliding along the guide groove.

[0012] In addition, this application also provides a thin coal seam mining machine, including the installation structure and crushing device as described above. The crushing device includes: a crushing shell; a planetary reducer installed inside the crushing shell, the input end of the planetary reducer being drivenly connected to the output shaft of the crushing motor; and a crushing drum rotatably installed outside the crushing shell, the crushing drum being drivenly connected to the output end of the planetary reducer, and multiple cutting teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the crushing drum.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing device further includes a coal blocking cover, which is fixedly installed on the outer front end of the crushing shell and covers the planetary reducer and the crushing drum. The coal blocking cover is used to block the splashed coal and rock generated by the crushing drum during the coal crushing operation.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The installation structure of the crushing device provided in this application directly mounts the crushing device to the outer wall of the rocker arm via a guide locking assembly, abandoning the traditional connection method that relies on the hinge of the traction box lug. This allows conventional thin coal seam mining machines to be equipped with crushing devices without changing the main structure of the machine body, effectively solving the crusher layout problem caused by limited space in thin coal seams. Simultaneously, the traction drive mechanism drives the crushing device to slide along the guide locking assembly, achieving flexible adjustment of the crushing position to adapt to coal crushing needs under different working conditions. The entire installation structure adopts a purely mechanical connection and drive, unaffected by environmental factors such as underground gas and humidity, and features simple structure, reliable connection, and high safety. Furthermore, the guide groove adopts an arc-shaped trajectory design adapted to the curvature of the motor cylinder outer wall, ensuring that the crushing device remains in close contact with the rocker arm surface during adjustment, avoiding vibration and loosening caused by gap changes, further improving the stability and service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of the crushing device and installation structure of the thin coal seam mining machine according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the crushing device and the rocker arm in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Among them, the coal retaining cover 1, planetary reducer 2, guide groove 3, crushing shell 4, crushing motor 5, electric winch 6, traction anchor point 7, rocker arm 8, and crushing drum 9. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 3This embodiment provides an installation structure for a crushing device, which is applied to a thin coal seam mining machine. The thin coal seam mining machine includes a rocker arm 8 and a crushing device. Addressing the problem in existing technologies where thin coal seam mining machines are difficult to configure with crushing devices due to their low height and limited depth, this embodiment abandons the traditional connection methods relying on traction box lug hinges or internal gear sets. Instead, it adopts an external mounting structure based on the outer wall surface of the rocker arm 8, thereby achieving reliable installation and position adjustment of the crushing device without altering the main structure of the conventional thin coal seam mining machine.

[0018] Specifically, this installation structure is mounted on a thin coal seam mining machine and comprises two core functional modules: a guide locking assembly and a traction drive mechanism. The guide locking assembly is positioned between the rocker arm 8 and the crushing device, guiding the crushing device to slide along the outer wall of the rocker arm 8 and locking it to the outer wall. The guide locking assembly forms the static bearing reference and motion constraint interface between the crushing device and the rocker arm 8. Its core functions are: to provide a defined sliding trajectory for the crushing device, ensuring it remains in contact with the curved surface of the rocker arm 8 during adjustment, avoiding jamming or interference caused by posture deviation; and, after the crushing device reaches the predetermined working position, to securely fix it to the rocker arm 8 through the locking function, enabling it to stably withstand the cutting reaction force, vibration impact, and self-weight load generated during coal crushing operations. The specific implementation of the guide locking assembly is not limited to a particular structure, as long as it simultaneously satisfies the two basic functions of "guiding" and "locking". For example, in some embodiments, the guide locking assembly can adopt a dovetail groove and slider cooperation form, using the inclined plane self-locking principle to achieve fastening; it can also adopt a clamp clamping structure, achieving fixation through radial contraction force; or it can even adopt pin positioning or other mechanical connection means. These alternative solutions all fall within the scope of the guide locking assembly of this application, and subsequent embodiments will describe one preferred specific form in detail.

[0019] The traction drive mechanism is connected to the crushing device and is used to drive the crushing device to slide along the guide locking assembly to adjust the position of the crushing device. As a power source for dynamic adjustment, the traction drive mechanism complements the guide locking assembly. During the position adjustment phase, the traction drive mechanism outputs traction force to overcome the frictional resistance and gravity component between the crushing device and the guide locking assembly, driving the crushing device to move smoothly along a preset trajectory. During the position locking phase, the traction drive mechanism can maintain a certain preload or completely unload, allowing the guide locking assembly to independently bear the external load.

[0020] This application fully utilizes the space on the outer wall of the rocker arm 8, a space resource that is not effectively utilized in traditional designs. It moves the installation interface of the crushing device from inside the machine body to the external surface, circumventing the spatial bottleneck of insufficient machine depth in thin coal seam mining machines, which prevents the placement of crusher connecting lugs or internal transmission chains. Simultaneously, the modular dual-component architecture allows for flexible adjustment of the crushing device's position based on actual working conditions such as changes in coal seam thickness and roof / floor undulations, enhancing the adaptability of thin coal seam mining machines to different geological conditions. Furthermore, since the installation structure is independent of the cutting transmission system inside the rocker arm 8, adding the crushing device does not require large-scale modification or recasting of the rocker arm 8 shell, significantly reducing manufacturing costs and technical implementation difficulty. This provides a practical and feasible technical path for the widespread configuration of crushing devices in conventional thin coal seam mining machines.

[0021] The guide locking assembly includes a guide groove 3, a sliding fit, and a locking fastener. The guide groove 3 is located on the contact surface between the rocker arm 8 and the crushing device. The sliding fit is mounted on the crushing device and slidably engaged within the guide groove 3. The locking fastener passes through the sliding fit and the guide groove 3 to lock the sliding fit within the guide groove 3. This split-type fitting structure decouples the load-bearing and locking functions of the crushing device. The guide groove 3 primarily provides guidance and shear resistance, while the locking fastener primarily provides preload to eliminate assembly gaps. Their coordinated operation ensures reliable connection.

[0022] Specifically, the guide groove 3 is a T-shaped guide groove. The cross-section of the T-shaped guide groove includes an interconnected wide bottom groove and a narrow opening groove. The wide bottom groove is located on the side of the narrow opening groove away from its opening, and the two bottom walls of the wide bottom groove and the two side walls of the narrow opening groove form a stepped surface. Correspondingly, the sliding fit is a T-bolt, which includes a T-shaped head and a threaded portion. The T-shaped head is housed within the wide bottom groove, and the two flanges of the T-shaped head are in contact with the stepped surface. The maximum width of the T-shaped head is greater than the opening width of the narrow opening groove and forms an anti-pull-out engagement perpendicular to the outer wall. The threaded portion passes through the narrow opening groove and extends to the outside of the T-shaped guide groove. The locking fastener includes a locking nut, which is threaded onto the threaded portion and in contact with the outer wall of the T-shaped guide groove. When the crushing device is subjected to a pull-out force perpendicular to the surface of the rocker arm 8, this load is directly transmitted through the flanges of the T-bolt head to the stepped surface inside the guide groove 3, causing the stepped surface to bear compressive stress rather than shear stress. Because the compressive strength of metallic materials is much higher than the shear strength of fasteners, this structural design fundamentally avoids the risk of shear failure in traditional bolted connections under heavy impact. Meanwhile, the axial preload generated after tightening the lock nut creates a huge static friction force between the T-head flange and the stepped surface, further limiting the accidental slippage of the crushing device along the length of the guide groove 3.

[0023] Furthermore, to accommodate the curved shape of the motor barrel area of ​​the rocker arm 8, the guide groove 3 extends axially along the outer wall of the rocker arm 8, and the extension trajectory of the guide groove 3 is arc-shaped. The center of the arc is located on the central axis of the motor barrel on the rocker arm 8. The radius of curvature of the bottom of the guide groove 3 matches the radius of curvature of the outer wall of the motor barrel, so that the sliding parts remain in contact with the outer wall when sliding along the guide groove 3. This concentric arc-shaped trajectory design ensures that the normal distance between the installation reference plane of the crushing device and the outer surface of the motor barrel of the rocker arm 8 remains constant throughout the entire stroke of the adjustment position. Compared with the problem that linear guide rails installed on curved surfaces may cause the ends to lift up or the middle to be suspended, the arc-shaped trajectory eliminates the additional bending moment and assembly stress caused by curvature mismatch, ensuring that the T-bolts are subjected to uniform force throughout the entire stroke range, and avoiding the aggravated wear or jamming caused by local overload.

[0024] The traction drive mechanism includes a linear drive component, a flexible transmission component, and a traction anchor point 7. The linear drive component is mounted on the rocker arm 8. One end of the flexible transmission component is connected to the power output end of the linear drive component, and the other end is connected to the traction anchor point 7 on the crushing device. The linear drive component is used to extend and retract the flexible transmission component, thereby applying a traction force to the crushing device along the extension direction of the guide locking assembly. This traction method based on a flexible medium differs from traditional rigid transmission structures such as gear racks or lead screws and nuts, and is particularly suitable for the position adjustment needs of thin coal seam mining machines in harsh underground conditions and confined spaces.

[0025] The linear drive component is preferably an electric winch 6, and the flexible transmission component is preferably a steel wire rope. The electric winch 6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rocker arm 8 near the root of the motor drum. This position facilitates the routing of a 24V power cable from the electrical control box and provides sufficient exit angle for the steel wire rope to avoid excessive bending and wear. One end of the steel wire rope is wound and fixed to the drum of the electric winch 6, and the other end extends along the outer wall of the rocker arm 8 to the traction anchor point 7 on the crushing device housing and is connected thereto. The selection of steel wire rope as the transmission medium, rather than rigid rods, is primarily based on the following technical considerations: First, the cutting operation of thin coal seam mining machines generates high-frequency, strong vibrations. Rigid transmission pairs are highly susceptible to jamming or even damage due to minor deformations or coal dust intrusion. Steel wire rope, however, possesses excellent flexibility and damping characteristics, effectively absorbing vibration energy and adapting to minor deformations of the mounting base, ensuring the long-term reliability of the transmission system. Second, the outer wall of the rocker arm 8 is curved and surrounded by dense pipelines, making it difficult to fit a rigid linear actuator and occupying valuable coal passage space. Steel wire rope, on the other hand, can follow the curve, fully utilizing edge gaps and significantly improving space utilization. Finally, the combination of electric winch 6 and steel wire rope results in a simple structure, light weight, and eliminates the need for precision machining of mating surfaces, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty. It should be understood that although this embodiment preferably uses a combination of electric winch 6 and steel wire rope, in other embodiments, the linear drive component can be replaced by a hydraulically driven winch or a pneumatic winch to adapt to different power source configurations; the flexible transmission component can also be replaced by high-strength synthetic fiber rope or chain.

[0026] Furthermore, to facilitate on-site maintenance and component replacement in the well, the other end of the wire rope is detachably connected to the traction anchor point 7 via a shackle. The pin of the shackle passes through the connecting hole on the traction anchor point 7 and the rope sleeve at the end of the wire rope, forming a reliable hinged joint. When the wire rope has excessive broken wires or severe wear, maintenance personnel only need to remove the shackle to remove the old rope and replace it with a new one, without disassembling the crushing device or the electric winch 6, greatly reducing downtime for maintenance. This modular quick-release design fully considers the actual working conditions of limited tool use and tight operating time in the confined space of the well, improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment provides a thin coal seam mining machine, which includes the installation structure described in Embodiment 1. Specifically, this thin coal seam mining machine integrates the guide locking assembly and the traction drive mechanism into the outer wall of the rocker arm 8, constructing a crushing function extension platform independent of the internal transmission system of the machine body. The core value of this whole-machine integrated solution is that it eliminates the need to add a special hinge lug to the rocker arm 8 or recast the housing to accommodate the built-in gear set. This allows existing conventional thin coal seam mining machines, which have a large stock, to be retrofitted with crushing devices at extremely low cost, effectively solving the crusher configuration problem mentioned in the background art caused by insufficient machine body depth and lack of connection interfaces.

[0028] In this thin coal seam mining machine, the crushing device, as the core functional unit for performing coal crushing operations, specifically includes a crushing shell 4, a planetary reducer 2, a crushing motor 5, and a crushing drum 9. The crushing shell 4 serves as the load-bearing base and protective outer shell of the entire crushing device, forming a sealed mounting chamber inside. The planetary reducer 2 is installed inside the crushing shell 4, and its input end is drive-connected to the output shaft of the crushing motor 5. The crushing drum 9 is rotatably mounted outside the crushing shell 4, and its output end is drive-connected to the planetary reducer 2. Multiple cutting teeth are provided on the outer circumference of the crushing drum 9. In the specific assembly, the crushing motor 5 is typically arranged in the lower or side cavity of the crushing shell 4 to optimize the center of gravity distribution and avoid the curvature interference area of ​​the rocker arm 8's outer wall. The planetary reducer 2 is arranged adjacent to the mounting flange of the crushing drum 9 to shorten the torque transmission path and reduce cantilever bending moment. The planetary reducer 2 is chosen as the transmission core mainly because of its coaxial output, high torque density and compact radial dimensions. It can achieve high speed ratio reduction and high torque output in the extremely limited vertical space of thin coal seams, meeting the load requirements of hard coal and rock crushing.

[0029] Furthermore, to ensure safety during underground operations and prevent damage to surrounding equipment from coal and rock fragments, the crushing device also includes a coal retainer 1. The coal retainer 1 is fixedly installed on the outer front end of the crushing shell 4 and covers the planetary reducer 2 and the crushing drum 9. The coal retainer 1 is used to shield the crushing drum 9 from splashed coal and rock during coal crushing operations. The coal retainer 1 has an arc-shaped plate structure, its curvature matching the outer contour of the crushing drum 9, and forms an effective physical barrier in the tangential projection direction of the crushing drum 9. In thin coal seam mining environments, the coal passage height is extremely low, and operators or hydraulic lines are often close to the crushing area. High-speed flying coal and rock can easily cause personal injury or pipeline rupture accidents. The coal retainer 1 not only plays a role in directional flow guidance and buffering energy absorption, but also physically isolates the crushing operation area from the external environment, significantly improving the overall safety protection of the machine.

Claims

1. An installation structure for a crushing device, applied to a thin coal seam mining machine, the thin coal seam mining machine comprising a rocker arm and a crushing device; characterized in that, The mounting structure includes: A guide locking assembly is disposed between the rocker arm and the crushing device. The guide locking assembly is used to guide the crushing device to slide along the outer wall of the rocker arm and lock the crushing device on the outer wall of the rocker arm. A traction drive mechanism, connected to the crushing device, is used to drive the crushing device to slide along the guide locking assembly to adjust the position of the crushing device.

2. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide locking assembly includes: A guide groove is provided on the contact surface between the rocker arm and the crushing device; A sliding fitting is provided on the crushing device, and the sliding fitting is slidably engaged in the guide groove; The fastener is inserted into the sliding fit and the T-slot to lock the sliding fit in the guide groove.

3. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide groove is a T-shaped guide groove. The cross-section of the T-shaped guide groove includes a wide bottom groove and a narrow opening groove that are interconnected. The wide bottom groove is located on the side of the narrow opening groove that is away from the opening of the narrow opening groove, and the bottom walls of the wide bottom groove and the side walls of the narrow opening groove form a stepped surface.

4. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding fit is a T-bolt, which includes a T-head and a threaded portion. The T-head is housed in a wide bottom groove, and the two flanges of the T-head are in contact with the stepped surface. The maximum width of the T-head is greater than the opening width of the narrow groove and forms an anti-pull-out locking connection perpendicular to the outer wall. The threaded portion passes through the narrow groove and extends to the outside of the T-shaped guide groove. The locking fastener includes a locking nut, which is threaded onto the screw portion and fits against the outer wall of the T-groove.

5. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction drive mechanism includes: A linear drive component is mounted on the rocker arm; A flexible transmission component, one end of which is connected to the power output end of the linear drive component, and the other end of which is connected to the traction anchor point on the crushing device. The linear drive is used to retract the flexible transmission member and apply a traction force to the crushing device along the extension direction of the guide locking assembly.

6. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linear drive component is an electric winch; The flexible transmission component is a steel wire rope, one end of which is wound and fixed to the electric winch, and the other end of which is connected to the traction anchor point.

7. The crushing device installation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other end of the wire rope is detachably connected to the traction anchor point via a shackle.

8. The installation structure of the crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide groove extends axially along the outer wall of the rocker arm; The extension trajectory of the guide groove is arc-shaped, and the center of the circle containing the arc is located on the central axis of the motor cylinder on the rocker arm. The radius of curvature of the bottom of the guide groove is adapted to the radius of curvature of the outer wall of the motor cylinder, so that the sliding mating part remains in contact with the outer wall when sliding along the guide groove.

9. A thin coal seam mining machine, characterized in that, Including the installation structure and crushing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the crushing device comprising: Broken shell; A planetary reducer is installed inside the crushing housing, and the input end of the planetary reducer is connected to the output shaft of the crushing motor. The crushing drum is rotatably mounted on the outside of the crushing housing. The crushing drum is connected to the output end of the planetary reducer. Multiple cutting teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the crushing drum.

10. The thin coal seam mining machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The crushing device also includes a coal blocking cover, which is fixedly installed on the outer front end of the crushing shell and covers the planetary reducer and the crushing drum. The coal blocking cover is used to shield the crushing drum from splashing coal and rock during the coal crushing operation.

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